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<document id="602230528399D022D1CD24C13D4FFD91" ID-CLB-Dataset="5247" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3878.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5247e933-3152-40d5-ae19-cce84a3dad7f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4948908" ID-ZooBank="11145FA0-2CB5-460A-B7A6-9A634C778982" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623702158138" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Van Soest, Rob W. M., Meesters, Erik H. W. G. &amp; Becking, Leontine E." docDate="2014" docId="03B487DF1229A774F99C68FFAA27B2BA" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03878p443.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3878 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Caminus carmabi Van Soest &amp; Meesters &amp; Becking 2014, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="416" masterDocId="FF8DFFA71226A77BF90B6821AB2FB758" masterDocTitle="Deep-water sponges (Porifera) from Bonaire and Klein Curaçao, Southern Caribbean" masterLastPageNumber="443" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="416" updateTime="1699015317828" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="1E7422D30575E52F444ACB5D2BE8C4F0" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="1D0A0A802938533AF6D1E854BBF37758">
<mods:title id="44F08BFAA7C4B3F4CAE67DC1EE0C4152">Deep-water sponges (Porifera) from Bonaire and Klein Curaçao, Southern Caribbean</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="2C9D44182749E9DC91E2CFB7273D6C8E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6EB743CB2474766B221A19BE63B1F274">
<mods:roleTerm id="082A6B2EAA7B46F196AAF2630E472383">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DAF89822C151557A21BCD77C3FF303FD">Van Soest, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1233EB4F4AAA13462C8F5001CF3ADA87">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Department of Marine Zoology, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="557E35A3E20E8E83B0386259427FF99E">
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<mods:namePart id="5FCE6CA8C937966257FD4926C3F84AAA">Meesters, Erik H. W. G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="098F029C461D7190C223BBE7DFA62AFA">Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies (IMARES), Wageningen UR, P. O. Box 57, 1780 AB Den Helder, The Netherlands. E-mail: erik. meesters @ wur. nl</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="598E6399C1865D1B8190787C0EBB28EE">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E7B38B7355643E4AFC845CC2DE4E127A">Becking, Leontine E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8D1CFC1181997137CD34C01388DE5F1A">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Department of Marine Zoology, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. &amp; Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies (IMARES), Wageningen UR, P. O. Box 57, 1780 AB Den Helder, The Netherlands. E-mail: erik. meesters @ wur. nl &amp; University of California Berkeley, Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management (ESPM), 130 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 3114, USA. E-mail: lebecking @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="84D750E4DF601AB0D1D875E60BF2B054">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A747848702AF70554172CDD69E974585">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="E9D82049EF2F8395826F46E16F8521A6">
<mods:date id="7AFAF4FDCF6B5F137641731A9FB74B83">2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="1D71019C174A29CF4C7E452DE816FC24" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="B0F8EFC1E60814E503D95DC17E4C03D8">2014-10-29</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="0E182E0374EFD31DB2063F9F2ED336D6" type="volume">
<mods:number id="C079A851A76E0DEEA30C73A79A1D9648">3878</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5FA3446D5E70579529C5024130155F4A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3878.5.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B487DF1229A774F99C68FFAA27B2BA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949106" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183823286" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4949106" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B487DF1229A774F99C68FFAA27B2BA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487DF1229A774F99C68FFAA27B2BA" lastPageNumber="416" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<subSubSection id="C30765421229A774F99C68FFA929B7A0" box="[151,518,222,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA236C91229A774F99C68FFA929B7A0" blockId="15.[151,518,222,282]" box="[151,518,222,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<heading id="D0EA81A51229A774F99C68FFA929B7A0" bold="true" box="[151,518,222,248]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F99C68FFA929B7A0" bold="true" box="[151,518,222,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A1229A774F99C68FFAA41B7A0" authority="Van Soest &amp; Meesters &amp; Becking, 2014" authorityName="Van Soest &amp; Meesters &amp; Becking" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,366,222,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Caminus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carmabi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F99C68FFAA41B7A0" bold="true" box="[151,366,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Caminus carmabi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25A57A01229A774F87D68FFA929B7A0" box="[374,518,222,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30765421229A774F99C6920AA08B642" box="[151,295,257,282]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA236C91229A774F99C6920AA08B642" blockId="15.[151,518,222,282]" box="[151,295,257,282]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<figureCitation id="13262A4C1229A774F99C6920AA08B642" box="[151,295,257,282]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[191,1392,193,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-94@14.[191,1392,193,1889]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Caminus carmabi n. sp., a. habit in situ of the paratype RMNH Por. 9249, b. habit on deck of holotype RMNH Por. 9245, c–g. SEM images of the spicules of the holotype RMNH Por. 9245, c. calthrops, c1. detail of cladus of calthrops, d. strongyle, d1. details of strongyle, e. sterraster, e1. juvenile sterraster, e2. detail of surface of sterraster, f. spherules, g. oxyasters." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948937/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Figures 9a–g</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30765421229A774F99C6968AE26B6AA" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA236C91229A774F99C6968AAD9B6F2" blockId="15.[151,1437,329,1506]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F99C6968AAAAB639" box="[151,389,329,354]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F99C6968AA51B63A" bold="true" box="[151,382,329,354]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Material examined</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B753C941229A774F89A6968AAD9B6F2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3328559311" collectingDate="2013-05-30" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName=" L. E. Becking &amp; E. Meesters" country="Caribbean Netherlands, Bonaire" elevation="129" latitude="12.1469" location="Caribbean Netherlands, Bonaire" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-68.2821" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" specimenCode="BDR023" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54A6886B1229A774F89A6968AAD1B63A" box="[401,510,329,354]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED0CAE0C1229A774FB06696BA94EB639" box="[525,609,330,353]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="26E8531F1229A774FB66696BA9B5B639" box="[621,666,330,353]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Por.</collectorName>
9245,
<collectingCountry id="F30A76591229A774FBFB6968AF4AB63A" box="[752,1125,329,354]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Caribbean Netherlands, Bonaire</collectingCountry>
,
<collectorName id="26E8531F1229A774FD7E6968AE09B63A" box="[1141,1318,329,354]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Kralendijk Pier</collectorName>
(Dive 2),
<geoCoordinate id="EE29500E1229A774F99C694CAA3EB6DE" box="[151,273,365,390]" degrees="12.1469" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" precision="5" value="12.1469">12.1469°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE29500E1229A774F811694CAAB4B6DE" box="[282,411,365,390]" degrees="68.2821" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" precision="5" value="-68.2821">68.2821°W</geoCoordinate>
, in the sand and on rock walls, at
<quantity id="4CE59B2C1229A774FA2D694CA886B6DD" box="[806,937,365,390]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.285" metricValueMax="1.3699999999999999" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="m" value="128.5" valueMax="137.0" valueMin="120.0">
<elevation id="0030D1FA1229A774FA2D694CA886B6DD" box="[806,937,365,390]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.285" metricValueMax="1.3699999999999999" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="m" value="128.5" valueMax="137.0" valueMin="120.0">120–137 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, coll.
<collectorName id="26E8531F1229A774FAFB694FAFA9B6DE" box="[1008,1158,365,390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">L.E. Becking</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26E8531F1229A774FDA5694FAE19B6DD" box="[1198,1334,366,389]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. Meesters</collectorName>
, field nr. BON1/
<specimenCode id="DBBB9EB21229A774F9EC69B0AA61B6F2" box="[231,334,401,426]" collectionCode="BDR" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">BDR023</specimenCode>
,
<date id="FFA310091229A774F85269B0AADDB6F2" box="[345,498,401,426]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="2013-05-30">
<collectingDate id="EFE7E9E11229A774F85269B0AADDB6F2" box="[345,498,401,426]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="2013-05-30">30 May 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA236C91229A774F9CC6997AE26B6AA" blockId="15.[151,1437,329,1506]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<materialsCitation id="3B753C941229A774F9CC6997A8DEB6AA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3328559312" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="L. E. Becking &amp; E. Meesters" country="Caribbean Netherlands, Bonaire" elevation="198" latitude="12.137" location="Caribbean Netherlands, Bonaire" longLatPrecision="77" longitude="-68.286" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54A6886B1229A774F9CC6997AA01B696" box="[199,302,438,462]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED0CAE0C1229A774F8336997AAA3B695" box="[312,396,438,461]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
Por. 9249,
<collectingCountry id="F30A76591229A774FB056994A855B696" box="[526,890,437,462]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Caribbean Netherlands, Bonaire</collectingCountry>
, Curoil Dock, (Dive 3),
<geoCoordinate id="EE29500E1229A774FD856994AFD5B696" box="[1166,1274,437,462]" degrees="12.137" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" precision="55" value="12.137">12.137°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE29500E1229A774FC0A6994AE5BB696" box="[1281,1396,437,462]" degrees="68.286" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" precision="55" value="-68.286">68.286°W</geoCoordinate>
, on a coral rock wall at
<quantity id="4CE59B2C1229A774F87E69F8AA91B6A9" box="[373,446,473,498]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="m" value="198.0">
<elevation id="0030D1FA1229A774F87E69F8AA91B6A9" box="[373,446,473,498]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="m" value="198.0">198 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, coll.
<collectorName id="26E8531F1229A774FB0A69FBA9BAB6AA" box="[513,661,473,498]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">L.E. Becking</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26E8531F1229A774FBB269FBA86EB6A9" box="[697,833,474,497]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. Meesters</collectorName>
, field nr. BON1
</materialsCitation>
/
<materialsCitation id="3B753C941229A774FAF169F8AE29B6AA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3328559324" box="[1018,1286,473,498]" collectingDate="2013-05-31" collectionCode="BDR" country="Caribbean Netherlands, Bonaire" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" specimenCode="BDR035" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBBB9EB21229A774FAF169F8AF4EB6AA" box="[1018,1121,473,498]" collectionCode="BDR" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">BDR035</specimenCode>
,
<date id="FFA310091229A774FD6769F8AE29B6AA" box="[1132,1286,473,498]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="2013-05-31">
<collectingDate id="EFE7E9E11229A774FD6769F8AE29B6AA" box="[1132,1286,473,498]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="2013-05-31">31 May 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30765421229A774F9CC69DCAFD8B356" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA236C91229A774F9CC69DCAE6EB5FE" blockId="15.[151,1437,329,1506]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F9CC69DCAA77B54D" box="[199,344,509,534]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F9CC69DCAA7EB54E" bold="true" box="[199,337,509,534]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Description</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Spherical pink-colored sponge (
<figureCitation id="13262A4C1229A774FBDE69DCA87FB54E" box="[725,848,509,534]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[191,1392,193,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-94@14.[191,1392,193,1889]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Caminus carmabi n. sp., a. habit in situ of the paratype RMNH Por. 9249, b. habit on deck of holotype RMNH Por. 9245, c–g. SEM images of the spicules of the holotype RMNH Por. 9245, c. calthrops, c1. detail of cladus of calthrops, d. strongyle, d1. details of strongyle, e. sterraster, e1. juvenile sterraster, e2. detail of surface of sterraster, f. spherules, g. oxyasters." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948937/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Figs. 9a–b</figureCitation>
) with central oscule with raised rim, supported at lower parts by small side projections (‘feet’). Surface smooth, with mosaical pattern, with lighter polygones separated by darker pink grooves. Size of both specimens approximately
<quantity id="4CE59B2C1229A774FAD76A64AF0CB505" box="[988,1059,581,606]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="cm" value="15.0">15 cm</quantity>
in diameter, oscule
<quantity id="4CE59B2C1229A774FC006A64AE67B505" box="[1291,1352,581,606]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
. Of the
<typeStatus id="54A6886B1229A774F99C6A48ABD6B5DA" box="[151,249,617,642]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
three fragments were preserved, the largest of which measured 7 x 4 x
<quantity id="4CE59B2C1229A774FD686A48AF8CB5D9" box="[1123,1187,617,642]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
, of the
<typeStatus id="54A6886B1229A774FC0E6A4BAE4AB5DA" box="[1285,1381,618,642]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
two fragments were preserved the largest being 5 x 2 x
<quantity id="4CE59B2C1229A774FBD86AACA822B5FD" box="[723,781,653,678]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
. Consistency hard, inside pulpy but likewise hard.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA236C91229A774F9CC6A90AF32B5B6" blockId="15.[151,1437,329,1506]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F9CC6A90AA1BB591" box="[199,308,689,714]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F9CC6A90AA02B592" bold="true" box="[199,301,689,714]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Skeleton</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Cortical skeleton a dense layer of sterrasters carried by subcortical calthrops-like short-shafted triaenes. Choanosomal skeleton a confused mass of strongyles and microscleres.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA236C91229A774F9CC6AD8A8B4B44A" blockId="15.[151,1437,329,1506]" box="[199,923,761,786]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F9CC6AD8AA1FB449" box="[199,304,761,786]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F9CC6AD8AA06B44A" bold="true" box="[199,297,761,786]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Spicules</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Calthrops, strongyles, sterrasters, spherules, oxyasters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA236C91229A774F9CC6B3CAA14B402" blockId="15.[151,1437,329,1506]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
Calthrops-like short-shafted triaenes (
<figureCitation id="13262A4C1229A774FB646B3CA9C2B46E" box="[623,749,797,822]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[191,1392,193,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-94@14.[191,1392,193,1889]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Caminus carmabi n. sp., a. habit in situ of the paratype RMNH Por. 9249, b. habit on deck of holotype RMNH Por. 9245, c–g. SEM images of the spicules of the holotype RMNH Por. 9245, c. calthrops, c1. detail of cladus of calthrops, d. strongyle, d1. details of strongyle, e. sterraster, e1. juvenile sterraster, e2. detail of surface of sterraster, f. spherules, g. oxyasters." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948937/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Fig. 9c, 9c</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13262A4C1229A774FBE66B3CA9D7B46E" box="[749,760,797,822]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1808,1830]" captionTargetBox="[169,1414,1098,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-397@2.[151,1436,1094,1770]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the positions of Bonaire and Klein Curaçao (Southern Caribbean), where the present collections were obtained. Insets show details of locations and course of dives 2–4 of the Curasub." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948910" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948910/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">1</figureCitation>
), with cladome 820–
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774FAED6B3CAF31B46E" box="[998,1054,797,822]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">1050</emphasis>
–
<quantity id="4CE59B2C1229A774FD266B3CAFBBB46E" box="[1069,1172,797,822]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="mm" value="1250.0">1250 µm</quantity>
, cladi 250–650–1020 x 18–
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F9CA6B60ABF2B402" box="[193,221,833,858]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">24</emphasis>
–
<quantity id="4CE59B2C1229A774F9E06B60AA18B402" box="[235,311,833,858]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 µm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA236C91229A774F9CC6B44AFACB426" blockId="15.[151,1437,329,1506]" box="[199,1155,869,894]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
Strongyles, (
<figureCitation id="13262A4C1229A774F85F6B44AAF0B426" box="[340,479,869,894]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[191,1392,193,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-94@14.[191,1392,193,1889]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Caminus carmabi n. sp., a. habit in situ of the paratype RMNH Por. 9249, b. habit on deck of holotype RMNH Por. 9245, c–g. SEM images of the spicules of the holotype RMNH Por. 9245, c. calthrops, c1. detail of cladus of calthrops, d. strongyle, d1. details of strongyle, e. sterraster, e1. juvenile sterraster, e2. detail of surface of sterraster, f. spherules, g. oxyasters." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948937/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Figs. 9d, 9d</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13262A4C1229A774F8D46B44AAC6B426" box="[479,489,869,894]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1808,1830]" captionTargetBox="[169,1414,1098,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-397@2.[151,1436,1094,1770]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the positions of Bonaire and Klein Curaçao (Southern Caribbean), where the present collections were obtained. Insets show details of locations and course of dives 2–4 of the Curasub." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948910" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948910/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">1</figureCitation>
), curved, faintly polytylote, 600–
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774FA6A6B44A8A4B426" box="[865,907,869,894]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">860</emphasis>
–936 x 14–
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774FD026B44AF0AB426" box="[1033,1061,869,894]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">21</emphasis>
–
<quantity id="4CE59B2C1229A774FD3F6B44AF50B426" box="[1076,1151,869,894]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 µm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA236C91229A774F9CC6BA8ABE0B49E" blockId="15.[151,1437,329,1506]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
Sterrasters (
<figureCitation id="13262A4C1229A774F8406BA8AAE1B4FA" box="[331,462,905,930]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[191,1392,193,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-94@14.[191,1392,193,1889]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Caminus carmabi n. sp., a. habit in situ of the paratype RMNH Por. 9249, b. habit on deck of holotype RMNH Por. 9245, c–g. SEM images of the spicules of the holotype RMNH Por. 9245, c. calthrops, c1. detail of cladus of calthrops, d. strongyle, d1. details of strongyle, e. sterraster, e1. juvenile sterraster, e2. detail of surface of sterraster, f. spherules, g. oxyasters." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948937/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Figs. 9e, 9e</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13262A4C1229A774F8C56BA8AAF2B4FA" box="[462,477,905,930]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1774,1796]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,831,1738]" captionTargetId="figure-353@5.[151,1436,831,1738]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Plakinastrella stinapa n. sp., holotype RMNH Por. 9252, a. habit of holotype in situ on limestone rockwall W of Bonaire, b. preserved fragments, c. light microscope image of surface skeleton, d. light microscope overview of the spicule complement." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948912/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">2</figureCitation>
), large, oval, 140–
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774FBA76BA8A9F9B4FA" box="[684,726,905,930]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">190</emphasis>
–210 x 125–
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774FA6B6BA8A8A5B4FA" box="[864,906,905,930]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">144</emphasis>
–
<quantity id="4CE59B2C1229A774FA926BA8A8DEB4FA" box="[921,1009,905,930]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6199999999999999" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="mm" value="162.0">162 µm</quantity>
, juvenile forms small and spined (
<figureCitation id="13262A4C1229A774FC656BA8AB99B49E" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[191,1392,193,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-94@14.[191,1392,193,1889]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Caminus carmabi n. sp., a. habit in situ of the paratype RMNH Por. 9249, b. habit on deck of holotype RMNH Por. 9245, c–g. SEM images of the spicules of the holotype RMNH Por. 9245, c. calthrops, c1. detail of cladus of calthrops, d. strongyle, d1. details of strongyle, e. sterraster, e1. juvenile sterraster, e2. detail of surface of sterraster, f. spherules, g. oxyasters." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948937/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Fig. 9e</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13262A4C1229A774F9BC6B8CABEDB49E" box="[183,194,941,966]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1808,1830]" captionTargetBox="[169,1414,1098,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-397@2.[151,1436,1094,1770]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the positions of Bonaire and Klein Curaçao (Southern Caribbean), where the present collections were obtained. Insets show details of locations and course of dives 2–4 of the Curasub." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948910" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948910/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA236C91229A774F9CC6BF0AF3BB4B2" blockId="15.[151,1437,329,1506]" box="[199,1044,977,1002]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
Spherules (
<figureCitation id="13262A4C1229A774F84E6BF0AABCB4B2" box="[325,403,977,1002]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[191,1392,193,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-94@14.[191,1392,193,1889]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Caminus carmabi n. sp., a. habit in situ of the paratype RMNH Por. 9249, b. habit on deck of holotype RMNH Por. 9245, c–g. SEM images of the spicules of the holotype RMNH Por. 9245, c. calthrops, c1. detail of cladus of calthrops, d. strongyle, d1. details of strongyle, e. sterraster, e1. juvenile sterraster, e2. detail of surface of sterraster, f. spherules, g. oxyasters." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948937/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Fig. 9f</figureCitation>
), microspined, somewhat variable in size, 3.5–
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774FAAA6BF3A880B4B1" box="[929,943,978,1001]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">5</emphasis>
–
<quantity id="4CE59B2C1229A774FAB56BF0AF3FB4B2" box="[958,1040,977,1002]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 µm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA236C91229A774F9CC6BD4AFD8B356" blockId="15.[151,1437,329,1506]" box="[199,1271,1013,1038]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
Oxyasters (
<figureCitation id="13262A4C1229A774F84D6BD4AAB6B356" box="[326,409,1013,1038]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[191,1392,193,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-94@14.[191,1392,193,1889]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Caminus carmabi n. sp., a. habit in situ of the paratype RMNH Por. 9249, b. habit on deck of holotype RMNH Por. 9245, c–g. SEM images of the spicules of the holotype RMNH Por. 9245, c. calthrops, c1. detail of cladus of calthrops, d. strongyle, d1. details of strongyle, e. sterraster, e1. juvenile sterraster, e2. detail of surface of sterraster, f. spherules, g. oxyasters." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948937/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
Fig.
<quantity id="4CE59B2C1229A774F8706BD4AAB6B356" box="[379,409,1013,1038]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="9.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="g" value="9.0">9g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
), rays spined especially at the apices, diameter 51–
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774FADD6BD4A8DDB356" box="[982,1010,1013,1038]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">65</emphasis>
–
<quantity id="4CE59B2C1229A774FD0A6BD4AF64B356" box="[1025,1099,1013,1038]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="mm" value="81.0">81 µm</quantity>
, with 4–8 rays.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30765421229A774F9CC6C38AAE2B30E" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BA236C91229A774F9CC6C38AAE2B30E" blockId="15.[151,1437,329,1506]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F9CC6C38AAD2B369" box="[199,509,1049,1074]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F9CC6C38AAD9B36A" bold="true" box="[199,502,1049,1074]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Ecology and distribution</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
On rockwalls and rubble at the edge of or below the mesophotic zone off the southwest coast of
<collectingCountry id="F30A76591229A774F8666C1CAAE6B30E" box="[365,457,1085,1110]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Bonaire</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30765421229A774F9CC6C40A82EB3C6" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA236C91229A774F9CC6C40A82EB3C6" blockId="15.[151,1437,329,1506]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F9CC6C40AA62B321" box="[199,333,1121,1146]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F9CC6C40AA69B322" bold="true" box="[199,326,1121,1146]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Etymology</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Named after the
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774FB116C40A966B322" bold="true" box="[538,585,1121,1146]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Car</emphasis>
aibisch
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774FBAA6C40A9E6B322" bold="true" box="[673,713,1121,1146]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Ma</emphasis>
rien
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774FBF46C40A836B322" bold="true" box="[767,793,1121,1146]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Bi</emphasis>
ologisch Instituut at Piscadera Baai, Curaçao, center for biological investigations of the Caribbean Netherlands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30765421229A774F9CC6C88AA27B2BA" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA236C91229A774F9CC6C88AA27B2BA" blockId="15.[151,1437,329,1506]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F9CC6C88AA14B399" box="[199,315,1193,1218]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F9CC6C88AA1BB39A" bold="true" box="[199,308,1193,1218]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Remarks</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The only other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A1229A774FB7A6C8BA9FAB399" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1862" box="[625,725,1194,1217]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Caminus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774FB7A6C8BA9FAB399" box="[625,725,1194,1217]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Caminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Central West Atlantic is
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A1229A774FD4F6C8BAEB7B39A" authority="Sollas, 1886" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[1092,1432,1193,1218]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Caminus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sphaeroconia">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774FD4F6C8BAFD0B39A" box="[1092,1279,1193,1218]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">C. sphaeroconia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B381229A774FC036C88AEB7B39A" author="Sollas, W. J." box="[1288,1432,1193,1218]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" pagination="177 - 199" refId="ref25465" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1886) Preliminary account of the tetractinellid sponges dredged by H. M. S. ' Challenger' 1872 - 76. Part I. The Choristida. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society, New Series, 5, 177 - 199." type="journal article" year="1886">Sollas, 1886</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, originally reported from
<collectingCountry id="F30A76591229A774F8B26CECA92FB3BE" box="[441,512,1229,1254]" name="Brazil" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, but subsequently also found in
<collectingCountry id="F30A76591229A774FA8A6CEFAF24B3BE" box="[897,1035,1229,1254]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B381229A774FD166CECAF99B3BE" author="Wilson, H. V." box="[1053,1206,1229,1254]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" pagination="375 - 411" refId="ref26666" refString="Wilson, H. V. (1902) The sponges collected in Porto Rico in 1899 by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Fish Hawk. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 2, 375 - 411." type="journal article" year="1902">Wilson 1902</bibRefCitation>
), the
<collectingCountry id="F30A76591229A774FDF06CECAEB3B3BE" box="[1275,1436,1229,1254]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B381229A774F9956CD0AA18B252" author="Uliczka, E." box="[158,311,1265,1290]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" pagination="35 - 62" refId="ref25769" refString="Uliczka, E. (1929) Die tetraxonen Schwamme Westindiens (auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Reise Kukenthal-Hartmeyer). Zoologische Jahrbucher Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, Supplement 16, 35 - 62." type="journal article" year="1929">Uliczka 1929</bibRefCitation>
) and
<collectingCountry id="F30A76591229A774F87F6CD0AAF1B252" box="[372,478,1265,1290]" name="Barbados" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Barbados</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B381229A774F8E76CD0A835B252" author="Van Soest R. W. M. &amp; Stentoft, N." box="[492,794,1265,1290]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" pagination="1 - 175" refId="ref26529" refString="Van Soest R. W. M. &amp; Stentoft, N. (1988) Barbados deep-water Sponges. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 70 (215), 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1988">Van Soest &amp; Stentoft 1988</bibRefCitation>
). This differs clearly from our new species in the size and shape of the sterrasters, which are rounded and only
<quantity id="4CE59B2C1229A774FBE46D34A84DB276" box="[751,866,1301,1326]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="mm" value="67.5" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="45.0">45–90 µm</quantity>
in diameter, and by the absence of oxyasters. Our material is most similar to Mediterranean
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A1229A774FB626D1BA8FFB20A" authority="Schmidt, 1862" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1862" box="[617,976,1337,1362]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Caminus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="vulcani">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774FB626D1BA80AB20A" box="[617,805,1337,1362]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Caminus vulcani</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B381229A774FA206D18A8FFB20A" author="Schmidt, O." box="[811,976,1337,1362]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" refId="ref25172" refString="Schmidt, O. (1862) Die Spongien des adriatischen Meeres. Engelmann, Leipzig, Viii + 88." type="book" year="1862">Schmidt, 1862</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, but in that species sterrasters are smaller (105–115 x 85–88) and calthrops have also shorter and thinner cladi. Elsewhere, several species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A1229A774FDF86D7FAE78B22D" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1862" box="[1267,1367,1374,1397]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Caminus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774FDF86D7FAE78B22D" box="[1267,1367,1374,1397]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Caminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occur in East and South
<collectingCountry id="F30A76591229A774F8636DA3AAFBB2C2" box="[360,468,1409,1434]" name="China" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">East Asia</collectingCountry>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A1229A774F8ED6DA3A805B2C2" authority="Lindgren, 1898" authorityName="Lindgren" authorityYear="1898" box="[486,810,1409,1434]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Caminus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="chinensis">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F8ED6DA3A95FB2C2" box="[486,624,1409,1434]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">C. chinensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B381229A774FB726DA0A805B2C2" author="Lindgren, N. G." box="[633,810,1409,1434]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" pagination="283 - 378" refId="ref24207" refString="Lindgren, N. G. (1898) Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Spongienfauna des Malayischen Archipels und der chinesischen Meere. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, 11, 283 - 378." type="journal article" year="1898">Lindgren, 1898</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A1229A774FA3C6DA3AFA2B2C2" authority="Tanita, 1969" authorityName="Tanita" authorityYear="1969" box="[823,1165,1409,1434]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Caminus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="awashimensis">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774FA3C6DA3A8DAB2C2" box="[823,1013,1409,1434]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">C. awashimensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B381229A774FAF76DA0AFA2B2C2" author="Tanita, S." box="[1020,1165,1409,1434]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" pagination="67 - 88" refId="ref25548" refString="Tanita, S. (1969) Further studies on the sponges obtained from the Sado Island and its adjacent waters. Bulletin Japan Sea Regional Fisheries Laboratory, 21, 67 - 88." type="journal article" year="1969">Tanita, 1969</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A1229A774FD926DA3ABF7B2E6" authority="(Hoshino, 1981)" baseAuthorityName="Hoshino" baseAuthorityYear="1981" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Caminus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="strongyla">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774FD926DA3AE0AB2C2" box="[1177,1317,1409,1434]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">C. strongyla</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B381229A774FC3E6DA0ABFFB2E6" author="Hoshino, T." pageId="15" pageNumber="416" pagination="207 - 289" refId="ref23768" refString="Hoshino, T. (1981) Shallow-Water Demosponges of Western Japan 2. Journal of Science of the Hiroshima University, (B), 29 (2), 207 - 289." type="journal article" year="1981">Hoshino, 1981</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A1229A774F8066D87A977B2E6" authority="Pulitzer-Finali, 1996" authorityName="Pulitzer-Finali" authorityYear="1996" box="[269,600,1445,1470]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Caminus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="albus">
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774F8066D87AA46B2E6" box="[269,361,1445,1470]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">C. albus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B381229A774F87B6D84A977B2E6" author="Pulitzer-Finali, G." box="[368,600,1445,1470]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" pagination="101 - 138" refId="ref24826" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1996) Sponges from the Bismarck Sea. Bollettino dei Musei e degli Istituti Biologici della (R.) Universita di Genova, 60 - 61, 101 - 138." type="journal article" year="1996">Pulitzer-Finali, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B381229A774FB656D84A870B2E6" author="Van Soest, R. W. M. &amp; Boury-Esnault, N. &amp; Hooper, J. N. A. &amp; Rutzler, K. &amp; De Voogd, N. J. &amp; Alvarez de Glasby, B. &amp; Hajdu, E. &amp; Pisera, A. B. &amp; Manconi, R. &amp; Schoenberg, C. &amp; Janussen, D. &amp; Tabachnick, K. R. &amp; Klautau, M. &amp; Picton, B. &amp; Kelly, M. &amp; Vacelet, J. &amp; Dohrmann, M. &amp; Diaz, M. C. &amp; Cardenas, P." box="[622,863,1445,1470]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" refId="ref26218" refString="Van Soest, R. W. M., Boury-Esnault, N., Hooper, J. N. A., Rutzler, K., De Voogd, N. J., Alvarez de Glasby, B., Hajdu, E., Pisera, A. B., Manconi, R., Schoenberg, C., Janussen, D., Tabachnick, K. R., Klautau, M., Picton, B., Kelly, M., Vacelet, J., Dohrmann, M., Diaz, M. C. &amp; Cardenas, P. (2014) World Porifera database. Accessed at http: // www. marinespecies. org / porifera (accessed 27 June 2014)." type="url" year="2014">
Van Soest
<emphasis id="B969EADB1229A774FBEE6D87A833B2E6" box="[741,796,1445,1470]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
), but these also have smaller sterrasters and smaller oxyasters.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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