275 lines
28 KiB
XML
275 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="B50013D33080A7A6D8373761E338E81A" ID-CLB-Dataset="45446" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.214547" ID-GBIF-Dataset="33ce2b50-ead2-4f39-9623-b6f064f2175d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="214547" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460438854430" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Yamamoto, Nao, Hirowatari, Toshiya & Yamamoto, Masaru" docDate="2012" docId="03AABA65577EFFDECEA7F4C3021CF831" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03191p040.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3191" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) convexum Johannsen 1932" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="FF93C21D577CFFDCCE30F6610151FF89" masterDocTitle="The subgenus Pentapedilum Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae) in the Yaeyama Islands, the Ryukyus, Japan" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="35" updateTime="1698332614842" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="74932B2C209531BA7DCC59BCDA8384E3">
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<mods:title id="05CBCDA915337803619262230A4E7B97">The subgenus Pentapedilum Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae) in the Yaeyama Islands, the Ryukyus, Japan</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="678B67C09918349DB14DD07EDF8D92ED" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E3DD9BB3969C1F03D7059FA29EAB62D6">Yamamoto, Nao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="BAEB15BC242B57CCF968B82D039B3581">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E47150961965CB79E266E18989D718CA">Hirowatari, Toshiya</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="5F98F5481211591E4C6149EA2C48F38C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8D77F198DDCA32BEA9406BEA58EF9DC4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B330D3046BA6058406879E6DD998AAD9">Yamamoto, Masaru</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="142EEE6125DA7DF7E20B461D8C73872B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="CFAE5D7916E087CD319DD32CF0285603">
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<mods:title id="39F77FC64D940BA3BD7341B1A574327C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="284F076CD90A7861F452D1E99BB4662C">
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<mods:date id="D2883C6A3BD6B2C8E15D1B776257BA0F">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="063766DD930C54B2355831C855A1C830" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="9D2F7808766C2652A064CCFF38438105">3191</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="CED7E8B6C8C7EA13A60F858002A80F8A">33</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="B735CF5286FB7F4E8717A9C40E7345E8" type="CLB-Dataset">45446</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E1EA502E7C0AEDA1ED5B16A803BDA5F1" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.214547</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8C66F2A91570B21FFE10414832DC14C2" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AABA65577EFFDECEA7F4C3021CF831" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5242496" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119507296" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5242496" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AABA65577EFFDECEA7F4C3021CF831" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AABA65577EFFDECEA7F4C3021CF831" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
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<subSubSection id="C31958F8577EFFDECEA7F4C30043FD54" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577EFFDECEA7F4C3020CFD32" blockId="2.[151,861,673,733]" box="[151,861,673,700]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
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<heading id="D0F4BC1F577EFFDECEA7F4C3020CFD32" bold="true" box="[151,861,673,700]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0370F0577EFFDECEA7F4C3020CFD32" ID-CoL="8DG5R" authority="Johannsen, 1932" authorityName="Johannsen" authorityYear="1932" box="[151,861,673,700]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexum" subGenus="Pentapedilum">
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<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECEA7F4C3020CFD32" bold="true" box="[151,861,673,700]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECEA7F4C3007FFD35" bold="true" box="[151,302,674,700]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Polypedilum</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECF0FF4C300B7FD35" bold="true" box="[319,486,674,700]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Pentapedilum</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECFC8F4C30322FD35" bold="true" box="[504,627,674,700]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">convexum</emphasis>
|
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(
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF927682577EFFDECCB2F4C00204FD32" author="Johannsen" box="[642,853,673,699]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" refString="Johannsen, O. A. (1932) Chironomidae of the Malayan subregion of the Dutch East Indies. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, supplement, 11, 505 - 552" type="journal article" year="1932">Johannsen, 1932</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577EFFDECEA7F4A40043FD54" blockId="2.[151,861,673,733]" box="[151,274,709,733]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="133817F6577EFFDECEAFF4A4005BFD54" box="[159,266,709,733]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[237,1310,199,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[218,1352,193,1935]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 11. Male genitalia of Polypedilum spp. 7 – 9: P. (Pentapedilum) convexum; 10: P. (Pentapedilum) nodosum; 11: P. (Tripodura) tananence; 7, 10, 11: genitalia, dorsal view; 8: anal point, dorsal view; 9: anal point, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214549/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Figs. 7–9</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31958F8577EFFDECEA7F56C00FEFCE8" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577EFFDECEA7F56C0320FCAB" blockId="2.[151,1436,780,865]" box="[151,625,780,803]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB132C5D577EFFDECEA7F56C0320FCAB" box="[151,625,780,803]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0370F0577EFFDECEA7F56C0320FCAB" ID-CoL="8D8HZ" authority="Johannsen, 1932: 540" authorityName="Johannsen" authorityPageNumber="540" authorityYear="1932" box="[151,625,780,803]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pentapedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexum">
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<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECEA7F56C00DEFCAA" box="[151,399,781,803]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Pentapedilum convexum</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA22D62577EFFDECFA5F56D0320FCAB" author="Johannsen" box="[405,625,780,802]" page="540" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" year="1932">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF927682577EFFDECFA5F56D0313FCAB" author="Johannsen" box="[405,578,780,802]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" refString="Johannsen, O. A. (1932) Chironomidae of the Malayan subregion of the Dutch East Indies. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, supplement, 11, 505 - 552" type="journal article" year="1932">Johannsen, 1932</bibRefCitation>
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: 540
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577EFFDECEA7F54A00FEFCE8" blockId="2.[151,1436,780,865]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB132C5D577EFFDECEA7F54A00FEFCE8" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0370F0577EFFDECEA7F54A03FBFCC8" ID-CoL="8DG5R" authority="Johannsen" authorityName="Johannsen" box="[151,682,811,833]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexum" subGenus="Pentapedilum">
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<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECEA7F54A0046FCC8" box="[151,279,811,833]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Polypedilum</emphasis>
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||
(
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<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECF15F54A00E3FCC8" box="[293,434,811,833]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Pentapedilum</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECFF0F54D0374FCC8" box="[448,549,812,833]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">convexum</emphasis>
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(Johannsen)
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA22D62577EFFDECC83F54A02C7FCC8" author="Tokunaga" box="[691,918,811,833]" page="596" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" year="1964">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF927682577EFFDECC83F54A02C7FCC8" author="Tokunaga" box="[691,918,811,833]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" refString="Tokunaga, M. (1964) Insect of Micronesia Diptera Chironomidae. Insect of Micronesia, 12, 485 - 628." type="journal article" year="1964">Tokunaga (1964: 596)</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA22D62577EFFDECD90F54D052DFCC8" author="Cranston" box="[928,1148,811,833]" page="258" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" year="1996">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF927682577EFFDECD90F54D052DFCC8" author="Cranston" box="[928,1148,811,833]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" refString="Cranston, P. S. (1996) Identification guide to the Chironomidae of south Wales. Australian Water Technologies Pty Ltd, NSW. AWT Identification Guide, 1, 1 - 376." type="journal article" year="1996">Cranston (1996: 258)</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA22D62577EFFDECAB6F54A0418FCC8" author="Zorina" box="[1158,1353,811,833]" page="415" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" year="2006">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF927682577EFFDECAB6F54A0418FCC8" author="Zorina" box="[1158,1353,811,833]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" refString="Zorina, O. V. (2006) Subfamily Chironominae. Imagines. Key to the insects of Russian Far East. Vol. VI. Diptera and Siphonaptera. Pt 4. Vladivostok. Dal'nauka, 372 - 453 (in Russian)." type="journal article" year="2006">Zorina (2006: 415)</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA22D62577EFFDECB63F54D00FAFCE8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5241805" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5241805" author="Oyewo" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/57405B27FF85FFDDFF13FE948A63FB94" page="49" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" year="2008">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF927682577EFFDECB63F54D00FAFCE8" author="Oyewo" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" refString="Oyewo, E. A. & Saether, O. A. (2008) Revision of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) Kieffer and Ainuyusurika Sasa et Shirasaki (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa, 1953, 1 - 145." type="journal article" year="2008">Oyewo and Saether (2008: 49)</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C31958F8577EFFDECEA7F5ED022EFBBC" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577EFFDECEA7F5ED01B1FC64" blockId="2.[151,1436,908,1976]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
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||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECEA7F5ED00D5FC2C" bold="true" box="[151,388,908,933]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577EFFDECFBEF5EC00B6FC2C" box="[398,487,909,933]" name="Japan" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
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: Kanpira-falls, Iriomote
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<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577EFFDECD36F5EC021CFC2C" box="[774,845,909,933]" name="Iceland" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Island</collectingCountry>
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, Okinawa, 28–29.
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<date id="FFBD2DB3577EFFDECA10F5EC05E2FC2C" box="[1056,1203,909,933]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" value="1978-07-10">
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||
VII.1978,
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<specimenCount id="9D05C0FA577EFFDECAA7F5EC05E2FC2C" box="[1175,1203,909,933]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" type="male">10</specimenCount>
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||
</date>
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males, light trap, I. Kanazawa; as previous except
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<date id="FFBD2DB3577EFFDECFC7F5D10336FC41" box="[503,615,944,968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" value="1999-04-04">4.IV.1999</date>
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,
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||
<specimenCount id="9D05C0FA577EFFDECC45F5D1038CFC41" box="[629,733,944,968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" type="male">33 males</specimenCount>
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, sweep net M. Yamamoto; as previous except
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<date id="FFBD2DB3577EFFDECAC2F5D10422FC41" box="[1266,1395,944,968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" value="2000-03-20">20.III.2000</date>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D05C0FA577EFFDECBB0F5D1018DFC64" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" type="male">54 males</specimenCount>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577EFFDECEF9F599022EFBBC" blockId="2.[151,1436,908,1976]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
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||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECEF9F5990085FB98" bold="true" box="[201,468,1016,1041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Diagnostic characters.</emphasis>
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The male is distinct in having a very broad anal point, a needle-like projection of the superior volsella, and cell m basal of RM with more than 50 setae.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C31958F8577EFFDECEF9F2200283F8F9" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577EFFDECEF9F2200012FAB9" blockId="2.[151,1436,908,1976]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECEF9F220006CFBD0" bold="true" box="[201,317,1089,1113]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Remarks.</emphasis>
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||
The species shares a very broad anal point and the presence of a sharply pointed or needle-like projection on the superior volsella in the male genitalia with the following species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C0370F0577EFFDECA77F20400CDFB29" authority="Freeman, 1954" authorityName="Freeman" authorityYear="1954" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypoedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anale" subGenus="Pentapedilum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECA77F20405B2FBF4" box="[1095,1251,1125,1149]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Polypoedilum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECAC7F20404C2FBF4" box="[1271,1427,1125,1149]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Pentapedilum</emphasis>
|
||
)
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||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECEA7F2E80187FB28" box="[151,214,1161,1185]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">anale</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF927682577EFFDECED5F2E900C4FB29" author="Freeman" box="[229,405,1160,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" refString="Freeman, P. (1954) Chironomidae (Diptera) from Western Cape Province. III. Proceeding of the Royal Entomological Sociaty of London, Series B, 23, 17 - 25." type="journal article" year="1954">Freeman, 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0370F0577EFFDECF9AF2EB02DBFB29" authority="Zhang et Wang, 2005" authorityName="Zhang et Wang" authorityYear="2005" box="[426,906,1160,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypoedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fanjingense" subGenus="Pe.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECF9AF2EB00EDFB28" box="[426,444,1162,1185]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">P.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECFE1F2EB00A7FB28" box="[465,502,1162,1185]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Pe.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECC38F2E803D8FB28" box="[520,649,1161,1185]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">fanjingense</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF927682577EFFDECCA2F2E902DBFB29" author="Zhang" box="[658,906,1160,1185]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" refString="Zhang, R & Wang, X. (2005) Description of new species of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) Kieffer from China (Diptera: Chironomidae: Chironomini). Studia Dipterologica 12 (1), 63 - 77." type="journal article" year="2005">
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||
Zhang
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<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECCD2F2EB03A7FB28" box="[738,758,1162,1185]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">et</emphasis>
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Wang, 2005
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||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0370F0577EFFDECDA8F2EB045CFB29" authority="Sasa, 1979" authorityName="Sasa" authorityYear="1979" box="[920,1293,1160,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypoedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasumiense" subGenus="Pe.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECDA8F2EB02FBFB28" box="[920,938,1162,1185]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">P.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECD8EF2EB02B2FB28" box="[958,995,1162,1185]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Pe.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECDC5F2E80527FB28" box="[1013,1142,1161,1185]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">kasumiense</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF927682577EFFDECAB8F2E90454FB29" author="Sasa" box="[1160,1285,1160,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" refString="Sasa, M. (1979) A morphological study of adults and immature stages of 20 Japanese species of the family Chironomidae (Diptera). Research Report from the National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan, 7, 1 - 148." type="journal article" year="1979">Sasa, 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0370F0577EFFDECB77F2EB009CFB4C" authority="Sasa, 1996" authorityName="Sasa" authorityYear="1996" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypoedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toyamadeeum" subGenus="Pe.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECB77F2EB040BFB28" box="[1351,1370,1162,1185]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">P.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECB5EF2EB04C2FB28" box="[1390,1427,1162,1185]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Pe.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECEA7F2CC0062FB4C" box="[151,307,1197,1221]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">toyamadeeum</emphasis>
|
||
(Sasa, 1996)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The anal point is a sagittate keel-like plate and has a wide dorsal lamella. The anal point, when observed from above, shows various appearances according to the degree of the development of the dorsal lamella. In some cases the shape of the anal point observed laterally is a useful character to separate closely related species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577EFFDECEF9F35C036EF9D9" blockId="2.[151,1436,908,1976]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF927682577EFFDECEF9F35C00A2FADC" author="Oyewo" box="[201,499,1341,1365]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" refString="Oyewo, E. A. & Saether, O. A. (2008) Revision of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) Kieffer and Ainuyusurika Sasa et Shirasaki (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa, 1953, 1 - 145." type="journal article" year="2008">Oyewo and Saether (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that the shape of the median furrow or V-shaped ridge of the anal point was one of the most important identification characters between the above-mentioned species. The median furrow or V-shaped ridge of the anal point
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0370F0577EFFDECC19F3E702C9FA14" authority="Oyewo and Saether (2008)" authorityName="Oyewo and Saether" authorityYear="2008" box="[553,920,1413,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sensu">
|
||
sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF927682577EFFDECC5FF3E402C9FA14" author="Oyewo" box="[623,920,1413,1437]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" refString="Oyewo, E. A. & Saether, O. A. (2008) Revision of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) Kieffer and Ainuyusurika Sasa et Shirasaki (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa, 1953, 1 - 145." type="journal article" year="2008">Oyewo and Saether (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not observable on the dorsal surface of the anal point. The V-shaped ridge is a tangent line appearing as a result of contact betweem the anal point and the ninth tergum. Furthermore, the median furrow situated posterior to the V-shaped ridge is a structure which occurs as a result of contact between the lateral sagittate keel-like plate and the wide dorsal lamella of the anal point. Judging from the structure of the anal point, it is difficult to accept their opinion that the shape of the structure is characteristic among closely related species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577EFFDECEF9F03C01A4F8A1" blockId="2.[151,1436,908,1976]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
Among the Japanese species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0370F0577EFFDECC2CF03F03B8F9FC" box="[540,745,1629,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexum" subGenus="Pe.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECC2CF03F037BF9FC" box="[540,554,1630,1653]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">P</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECC73F03F0331F9FC" box="[579,608,1630,1653]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Pe</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECC49F03F03B8F9FC" box="[633,745,1630,1653]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">convexum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0370F0577EFFDECCC8F03F0287F9FC" box="[760,982,1629,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypoedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasumiense" subGenus="Pe.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECCC8F03F0257F9FC" box="[760,774,1630,1653]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">P</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECD2FF03F026DF9FC" box="[799,828,1630,1653]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Pe</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECD65F03C0287F9FC" box="[853,982,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">kasumiense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0370F0577EFFDECA3FF03F0459F9FC" box="[1039,1288,1629,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypoedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toyamadeeum" subGenus="Pe.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECA3FF03F054CF9FC" box="[1039,1053,1630,1653]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">P</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECA06F03F0502F9FC" box="[1078,1107,1630,1653]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Pe</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECA5CF03C0459F9FC" box="[1132,1288,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">toyamadeeum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
superficially resemble each other. Excluding the V-shaped line on the anal point (V-shaped ridge
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0370F0577EFFDECA70F0E004C0F911" authority="Oyewo & Saether, 2008" authorityName="Oyewo & Saether" authorityYear="2008" box="[1088,1425,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sensu">
|
||
sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF927682577EFFDECAB5F0E104C0F911" author="Oyewo" box="[1157,1425,1664,1688]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" refString="Oyewo, E. A. & Saether, O. A. (2008) Revision of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) Kieffer and Ainuyusurika Sasa et Shirasaki (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa, 1953, 1 - 145." type="journal article" year="2008">Oyewo & Saether, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0370F0577EFFDECEA7F0C700DCF934" box="[151,397,1701,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypoedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toyamadeeum" subGenus="Pe.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECEA7F0C701F8F934" box="[151,169,1702,1725]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">P.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECE8CF0C701B0F934" box="[188,225,1702,1725]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Pe.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECEC2F0C400DCF934" box="[242,397,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">toyamadeeum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is characterized by having a lower antennal ratio (0.34–0.41) than other related species. For the moment we cannot judge whether the difference of the antennal ratios between these two species is useful or not as an identification character, nor can we exclude the possibility that above-mentioned three species are conspecific.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577EFFDECEF9F1540283F8F9" blockId="2.[151,1436,908,1976]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
The larvae of this species were collected in small rock pools by the riverside near the Kanpira-falls. On that basis,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0370F0577EFFDECEEDF13B00F6F8F8" box="[221,423,1880,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexum" subGenus="Pe.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECEEDF13B01BAF8F8" box="[221,235,1882,1905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">P</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECF32F13B004EF8F8" box="[258,287,1882,1905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Pe</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECF07F13B00F6F8F8" box="[311,423,1882,1905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">convexum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
would appear to depend on a lentic environment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31958F8577EFFDECEF9F11D021CF831" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577EFFDECEF9F11D021CF831" blockId="2.[151,1436,908,1976]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECEF9F11D0033F81C" bold="true" box="[201,354,1916,1941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577EFFDECF5BF11C008AF81C" box="[363,475,1917,1941]" name="Indonesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577EFFDECFD8F11C03F2F81C" box="[488,675,1917,1941]" name="Micronesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Caroline Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577EFFDECC81F11C03A7F81C" box="[689,758,1917,1941]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577EFFDECD34F11F0215F81C" box="[772,836,1918,1941]" name="Japan" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Iriomote
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577EFFDECD8FF11C0557F81C" box="[959,1030,1917,1941]" name="Iceland" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Ryukyus), Russian Far East (Urup
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577EFFDECEA7F1C1018FF831" box="[151,222,1952,1976]" name="Iceland" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Kurile),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577EFFDECF78F1C100CDF831" box="[328,412,1952,1976]" name="Bhutan" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577EFFDECF97F1C100B2F831" box="[423,483,1952,1976]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577EFFDECFDEF1C1037DF831" box="[494,556,1952,1976]" name="Palau" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Palau</collectingCountry>
|
||
Federated of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577EFFDECCF7F1C10218F831" box="[711,841,1952,1976]" name="Micronesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Micronesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |