465 lines
53 KiB
XML
465 lines
53 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="221EABE55255B7DDCABE304B703A5971">Lost and Found: Taxonomic revision of the speckled skink (Oligosoma infrapunctatum; Reptilia; Scincidae) species complex from New Zealand reveals a potential cryptic extinction, resurrection of two species, and description of three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="28CF7C59E513ADA10C8B96CE4821A792">Melzer, Sabine</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A385ECB72679EDE9E4ADF119D2C48551">Hitchmough, Rod A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7A68C18C7093829F78DE818A4E35E54D">Bell, Trent</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B0E1853D479B878551DFE3AB5BE698DD">Chapple, David G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A38020ABE2E918AB4E034CF8DF4673A5">Patterson, Geoff B.</mods:namePart>
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<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FF2EE4EBFDC3FE43" bold="true" box="[151,523,405,432]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
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<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FF2EE4EBFE6FFE5C" authority="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson, 2019" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,423,405,432]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albornense" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FF2EE4EBFE6FFE5C" bold="true" box="[151,423,405,432]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">Oligosoma albornense</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E650BCB012B33FE17E4EBFDC3FE43" box="[430,523,405,431]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C32357E9CB012B33FF2EE4C7FB85FD21" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B860462CB012B33FF2EE4C7FEE1FE3F" blockId="30.[151,523,405,467]" box="[151,297,441,467]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
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<figureCitation id="130218E7CB012B33FF2EE4C7FEE1FE3F" box="[151,297,441,467]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1909,1934]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,295,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1435,254,1890]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. a) O. albornense holotype, Alborn Mine, West Coast of South Island (photo: Jean-Claude Stahl). b) Live specimen of albornense, Alborn Mine, West Coast of South Island (photo: James Reardon)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3258608/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">Figures 9a, b</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B860462CB012B33FF2EE483FECAFDF9" blockId="30.[151,1388,509,717]" box="[151,258,509,533]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">Synonyms</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B860462CB012B33FF2EE762FE61FDD8" blockId="30.[151,1388,509,717]" box="[151,425,540,564]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
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<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FF2EE762FE61FDD8" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,425,540,564]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrapunctatum">
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<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FF2EE762FE61FDD8" box="[151,425,540,564]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">Oligosoma infrapunctatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B860462CB012B33FF7EE745FD5DFDBF" blockId="30.[151,1388,509,717]" box="[199,661,571,595]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA87993CB012B33FF7EE745FE66FDBF" author="Greaves, S. N. J. & Chapple, D. G. & Daugherty, C. H. & Gleeson, D. M. & Ritchie, P. A." box="[199,430,571,595]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" pagination="853 - 864" refId="ref26147" refString="Greaves, S. N. J., Chapple, D. G., Daugherty, C. H., Gleeson, D. M. & Ritchie, P. A. (2008) Genetic divergences pre-date Pleistocene glacial cycles in the New Zealand speckled skink, Oligosoma infrapunctatum. Journal of Biogeography, 35, 853 - 864. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2699.2007.01848. x" type="journal article" year="2008">
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GREAVES
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<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FE86E745FEBAFDBF" box="[319,370,571,595]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
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2008
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
; CHAPPLE
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<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FD96E745FD94FDBF" box="[559,604,571,595]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">et al</emphasis>
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2009
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B860462CB012B33FF2EE727FDA2FD9D" blockId="30.[151,1388,509,717]" box="[151,618,600,625]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FF2EE727FE19FD9D" authority="Chesterfield" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,465,600,625]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrapunctatum">
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||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FF2EE727FECEFD9D" box="[151,262,601,625]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">Oligosoma</emphasis>
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||
aff.
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||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FE8CE727FE19FD9D" box="[309,465,601,625]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">infrapunctatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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“Chesterfield”
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B860462CB012B33FF7EE706FDFEFD43" blockId="30.[151,1388,509,717]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
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HITCHMOUGH, R., BULL, L. & CROMARTY, P. 2007;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA87993CB012B33FCA0E706FBF4FD7C" author="Hitchmough, R. A. & Hoare, J. M. & Jamieson, H. & Newman, D. & Tocher, M. D. & Anderson, P. J. & Lettink, M. & Whitaker, A. H." box="[793,1084,632,656]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" pagination="203 - 224" refId="ref26527" refString="Hitchmough, R. A., Hoare, J. M., Jamieson, H., Newman, D. Tocher, M. D., Anderson, P. J., Lettink, M. & Whitaker, A. H. (2010) Conservation status of New Zealand reptiles, 2009. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 37 (3), 203 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03014223.2010.496487" type="journal article" year="2010">
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HITCHMOUGH
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<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FC74E707FBC8FD7C" box="[973,1024,632,656]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA87993CB012B33FBFFE706FAA0FD7C" author="Hitchmough, R. & Anderson, P. & Barr, B. & Monks, J. & Lettink, M. & Reardon, J. & Tocher, M. & Whitaker, T." box="[1094,1384,632,656]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref26612" refString="Hitchmough, R., Anderson, P., Barr, B., Monks, J., Lettink, M., Reardon, J., Tocher, M. & Whitaker, T. (2013) Conservation status of New Zealand reptiles, 2012. In: New Zealand Threat Classification Series 2. Department of Conservation, Wellington, pp. 1 - 16." type="book chapter" year="2013">
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HITCHMOUGH
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<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FB40E707FAE4FD7C" box="[1273,1324,632,656]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
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2013
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FF2EE7E9FE19FD43" authority="Alborn" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,465,662,687]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrapunctatum">
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<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FF2EE7E9FECEFD43" box="[151,262,663,687]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">Oligosoma</emphasis>
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aff.
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||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FE8CE7E9FE19FD43" box="[309,465,663,687]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">infrapunctatum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
“Alborn”
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B860462CB012B33FF7EE7CBFB85FD21" blockId="30.[151,1388,509,717]" box="[199,1101,692,717]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA87993CB012B33FF7EE7CBFE3CFD21" author="Hitchmough, R. A. & Patterson, G. B. & Chapple, D. G." box="[199,500,692,717]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" pagination="87 - 108" refId="ref26684" refString="Hitchmough, R. A., Patterson, G. B. & Chapple, D. G. (2016 a) Putting a name to diversity: taxonomy of the New Zealand lizard fauna. In: Chapple, D. G. (Ed.), New Zealand lizards. Springer International Publishing, pp. 87 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 41674 - 8" type="book chapter" year="2016">
|
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HITCHMOUGH
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||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FEC2E7C8FE66FD21" box="[379,430,693,717]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
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2016a
|
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA87993CB012B33FE46E7CBFCE6FD21" author="Hitchmough, R. & Barr, B. & Lettink, M. & Monks, J. & Reardon, J. & Tocher, M. & van Winkel, D. & Rolfe, J." box="[511,814,692,717]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref26767" refString="Hitchmough, R., Barr, B., Lettink, M., Monks, J., Reardon, J., Tocher, M., van Winkel, D. & Rolfe, J. (2016 b) Conservation status of New Zealand reptiles, 2015. In: New Zealand Threat Classification Series 17. Department of Conservation, Wellington, pp. 1 - 14." type="book chapter" year="2016">
|
||
HITCHMOUGH
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FD0BE7C8FD2EFD21" box="[690,742,693,717]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA87993CB012B33FC81E7CBFB81FD21" author="van Winkel, D. & Baling, M. & Hitchmough, R." box="[824,1097,693,717]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" refId="ref29319" refString="van Winkel, D., Baling, M. & Hitchmough, R. (2018) Reptiles and Amphibians of New Zealand: A Field Guide. Auckland University Press, Auckland, 376 pp." type="book" year="2018">
|
||
VAN WINKEL
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||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FC63E7C8FBC6FD21" box="[986,1038,693,717]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32357E9CB012B33FF2EE782FC2DFC4A" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B860462CB012B33FF2EE782FEFBFCD6" blockId="30.[151,1437,763,2014]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B510E3FCB012B33FF2EE782FEFBFCD6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2270823811" collectingDate="1997-10-14" collectionCode="NMNZ" collectorName="R. van Mierlo & van Mierlo, P." latitude="-42.516666" longLatPrecision="1149" longitude="171.86667" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FF2EE782FEC3FCFA" bold="true" box="[151,267,764,790]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
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<typeStatus id="5482BAC0CB012B33FF2EE782FECEFCFA" box="[151,262,764,790]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Alborn Coal Mine (
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,
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),
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<collectionCode id="ED289CA7CB012B33FD50E782FCF3FCFA" box="[745,827,764,790]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg7h-t7tk" name="Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" type="Museum">NMNZ</collectionCode>
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||
RE005339, female (coll.
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||
<collectorName id="26CC61B4CB012B33FBE6E782FB37FCF9" box="[1119,1279,763,790]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">R. van Mierlo</collectorName>
|
||
, P. van Klink,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC3DB4ACB012B33FF2EE65EFEEEFCD6" box="[151,294,800,826]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" value="1997-10-14">
|
||
<date id="FF8722A2CB012B33FF2EE65EFEEEFCD6" box="[151,294,800,826]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" value="1997-10-14">14 Oct 1997</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B860462CB012B33FF7EE63AFC28FC4A" blockId="30.[151,1437,763,2014]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B510E3FCB012B33FF7EE63AFC00FC6E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2413160389" collectingDate="1997-10-14" collectionCode="NMNZ" latitude="-42.516666" longitude="171.86667" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FF7EE63AFE27FCB2" bold="true" box="[199,495,835,862]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
|
||
<typeStatus id="5482BAC0CB012B33FF7EE63AFEF7FCB2" box="[199,319,836,862]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3FCFEBCB012B33FEF6E63DFE2BFCB2" box="[335,483,835,862]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Alborn Coal Mine (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D62A5CB012B33FD6DE63AFCF0FCB2" box="[724,824,836,862]" degrees="42" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" precision="925" value="-42.516666">42º 31’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D62A5CB012B33FCFCE63AFC71FCB2" box="[837,953,835,862]" degrees="171" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" precision="925" value="171.86667">171º 52’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3FCFEBCB012B33FC77E63AFB95FCB1" box="[974,1117,835,862]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED289CA7CB012B33FBD1E63AFB72FCB2" box="[1128,1210,836,862]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg7h-t7tk" name="Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" type="Museum">NMNZ</collectionCode>
|
||
RE005341, female;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED289CA7CB012B33FF2EE616FF21FC6E" box="[151,233,872,898]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg7h-t7tk" name="Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" type="Museum">NMNZ</collectionCode>
|
||
RE005350, male (coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26CC61B4CB012B33FE4AE616FD5AFC6D" box="[499,658,871,898]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">R. van Mierlo</collectorName>
|
||
, P. van Klink,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC3DB4ACB012B33FC8AE616FC08FC6E" box="[819,960,872,898]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" value="1997-10-14">
|
||
<date id="FF8722A2CB012B33FC8AE616FC08FC6E" box="[819,960,872,898]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" value="1997-10-14">14 Oct 1997</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B510E3FCB012B33FC6BE619FC28FC4A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2413160149" collectingDate="1998-01-06" collectionCode="NMNZ" latitude="-42.516666" longitude="171.86667" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
|
||
<collectorName id="26CC61B4CB012B33FC6BE619FB57FC6D" box="[978,1183,871,897]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">Alborn Coal Mine</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D62A5CB012B33FB14E616FAD8FC6E" box="[1197,1296,872,898]" degrees="42" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" precision="925" value="-42.516666">42º 31’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D62A5CB012B33FAA5E616FA47FC6E" box="[1308,1423,871,898]" degrees="171" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" precision="925" value="171.86667">171º 52’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED289CA7CB012B33FF2EE6F2FF21FC4A" box="[151,233,908,934]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg7h-t7tk" name="Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" type="Museum">NMNZ</collectionCode>
|
||
RE005366, female (coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26CC61B4CB012B33FDB2E6F2FD62FC49" box="[523,682,907,934]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">R. van Mierlo</collectorName>
|
||
, P. van Klink,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC3DB4ACB012B33FCF4E6F5FC10FC4A" box="[845,984,907,934]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" value="1998-01-06">
|
||
<date id="FF8722A2CB012B33FCF4E6F5FC10FC4A" box="[845,984,907,934]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" value="1998-01-06">06 Jan 1998</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B860462CB012B33FC58E6F2FC2DFC4A" blockId="30.[151,1437,763,2014]" box="[993,997,908,934]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32357E9CB012B33FF7EE6D1FDEAFABA" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B860462CB012B33FF7EE6D1FDEAFABA" blockId="30.[151,1437,763,2014]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FF7EE6D1FE8AFC26" bold="true" box="[199,322,943,970]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FEF1E6CEFE2DFC26" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[328,485,944,970]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albornense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FEF1E6CEFE2DFC26" box="[328,485,944,970]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. albornense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from other species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FC57E6CEFB74FC26" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[1006,1212,944,970]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrapunctatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FC57E6CEFB74FC26" box="[1006,1212,944,970]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. infrapunctatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species complex by a combination of characters (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130218E7CB012B33FE66E6ADFD89FC02" box="[479,577,979,1006]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1653,1678]" captionTargetBox="[158,1395,227,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[152,1435,194,1632]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. a–j. Notched boxplots comparing the morphological characteristics of the species in the Oligosoma infrapunctatum species group (O. albornense, n=4; O. auroraensis, n=6; O. newmani, n=50; O. robinsoni, n=14; O. salmo, n=5). a) snout-ear (SE)/ear-axilla (EF), b) midbody scales, c) ventral scales, d) upper ciliaries, e) supraciliaries, f) supralabials, g) snout-vent length (SVL)/ hindlimb length (HLL), h) subdigital lamellae, i) axilla-groin (AG)/snout-forelimb (SF), j) head-length (HL)/ head-width (HW). If there is no overlap between two medians, then the medians are significantly different at a 95% confidence interval." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3258590/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
a–j). Compared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FC89E6AAFC70FC01" box="[816,952,980,1006]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="newmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FC89E6AAFC70FC01" box="[816,952,980,1006]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. newmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
nuchal pairs are usually 3 or below versus 3 or above (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FEA6E686FE75FBFE" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[287,445,1016,1042]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albornense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FEA6E686FE75FBFE" box="[287,445,1016,1042]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. albornense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); usually 69 or more VS (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FD5FE686FCBFFBFE" box="[742,887,1016,1042]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FD5FE686FCA7FBFE" box="[742,879,1016,1042]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="newmani">O. newmani</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
versus 69 or fewer VS (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FB33E686FAE1FBFE" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[1162,1321,1016,1042]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albornense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FB33E686FAE1FBFE" box="[1162,1321,1016,1042]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. albornense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). HL/HW is always 1.7 or below in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FE7AE162FDACFBDA" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[451,612,1052,1078]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albornense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FE7AE162FDACFBDA" box="[451,612,1052,1078]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. albornense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
whereas it is usually 1.7 or above in
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FBA0E162FA82FBDA" box="[1049,1354,1052,1078]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FBA0E162FB6EFBD9" box="[1049,1190,1052,1078]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="newmani">O. newmani</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FB05E162FA82FBDA" box="[1212,1354,1052,1078]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robinsoni">O. robinsoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FF6CE13EFEBBFBB6" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[213,371,1088,1114]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albornense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FF6CE13EFEBBFBB6" box="[213,371,1088,1114]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. albornense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a VS count usually 69 or greater versus 69 or below (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FBFCE13EFB2CFBB6" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[1093,1252,1088,1114]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albornense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FBFCE13EFB2CFBB6" box="[1093,1252,1088,1114]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. albornense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); upper ciliaries 6 or less (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FEBEE11AFE6EFB92" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[263,422,1124,1150]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albornense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FEBEE11AFE6EFB92" box="[263,422,1124,1150]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. albornense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) versus usually 6 or more; ventral speckling much more pronounced in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FB6EE11AFAACFB92" box="[1239,1380,1124,1150]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robinsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FB6EE11AFAACFB92" box="[1239,1380,1124,1150]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. robinsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FF2EE1F6FEFFFB4E" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,311,1160,1186]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albornense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FF2EE1F6FEFFFB4E" box="[151,311,1160,1186]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. albornense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FEDFE1F6FE3CFB4E" box="[358,500,1160,1186]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robinsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FEDFE1F6FE3CFB4E" box="[358,500,1160,1186]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. robinsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
SVL/HW is usually 11 or below, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FC43E1F6FBA9FB4E" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[1018,1121,1160,1186]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="salmo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FC43E1F6FBA9FB4E" box="[1018,1121,1160,1186]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. salmo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it is 11 or above. There are statistical differences between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FE4BE1D2FD90FB2A" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[498,600,1196,1222]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="salmo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FE4BE1D2FD90FB2A" box="[498,600,1196,1222]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. salmo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FD29E1D2FCE7FB2A" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[656,815,1196,1222]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albornense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FD29E1D2FCE7FB2A" box="[656,815,1196,1222]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. albornense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(upper ciliaries, HL/HW, S-Ear/EF, VS).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FAB0E1D2FAA7FB2A" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[1289,1391,1196,1222]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="salmo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FAB0E1D2FAA7FB2A" box="[1289,1391,1196,1222]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. salmo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has 5 supraciliaries only, versus 6 or more in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FDCAE1AEFCDAFB06" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[627,786,1232,1258]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albornense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FDCAE1AEFCDAFB06" box="[627,786,1232,1258]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. albornense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. There are statistical differences between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FB45E1AEFA54FB06" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[1276,1436,1232,1258]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albornense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FB45E1AEFA54FB06" box="[1276,1436,1232,1258]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. albornense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FF7EE18AFEA7FAE1" authority="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson, 2019" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[199,367,1268,1294]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auroraensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FF7EE18AFEA7FAE1" box="[199,367,1268,1294]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. auroraensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E650BCB012B33FECFE18AFE18FAE2" box="[374,464,1268,1294]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FECFE18AFE18FAE2" bold="true" box="[374,464,1268,1294]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(VS). It differs from
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FD7AE18AFCB2FAE1" box="[707,890,1268,1294]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FD7AE18AFCA2FAE1" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[707,874,1268,1294]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auroraensis">O. auroraensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
i
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
n having subdigital lamellae usually 21 or above (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FF18E066FE80FADD" authority="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson, 2019" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[161,328,1304,1330]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auroraensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FF18E066FE80FADD" box="[161,328,1304,1330]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. auroraensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E650BCB012B33FEE9E066FE62FADE" box="[336,426,1304,1330]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FEE9E066FE62FADE" bold="true" box="[336,426,1304,1330]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
) versus 21 or below. It appears to have a shorter tail (1.28 TL/SVL versus mean TL/SVL of
|
||
<quantity id="4CC1A987CB012B33FF0FE042FECCFAB9" box="[182,260,1339,1366]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5052" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" unit="in" value="1.38">1.38 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB012B33FEB3E042FE7AFAB9" authority="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson, 2019" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[266,434,1340,1366]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auroraensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FEB3E042FE7AFAB9" box="[266,434,1340,1366]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">O. auroraensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E650BCB012B33FE01E042FDDAFABA" box="[440,530,1340,1366]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FE01E042FDDAFABA" bold="true" box="[440,530,1340,1366]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32357E9CB012B33FF7EE021FC54F87A" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B860462CB012B33FF7EE021FC54F87A" blockId="30.[151,1437,763,2014]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FF7EE021FE25FA96" bold="true" box="[199,493,1375,1402]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="5482BAC0CB012B33FEC0E01EFE20FA96" box="[377,488,1376,1402]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Habit lacertiform, body elongate, oval in cross-section; limbs well developed, pentadactyl. Lower eyelid with a transparent palpebral disc, bordered on sides and below by small, oblong granules. Snout moderately blunt. Nostril centred in lower middle of nasal, not touching bottom edge of nasal, pointing up and back. Supranasals absent. Rostral broader than deep. Frontonasal broader than long, not separated from frontal by prefrontals meeting in midline. Frontal longer than broad, shorter than frontoparietal and interparietal together, in contact with 2 anteriormost supraoculars. Supraoculars 4, 2
|
||
<superScript id="7C4CA92ACB012B33FCD4E36CFCB5F9CC" attach="left" box="[877,893,1554,1568]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">nd</superScript>
|
||
largest. Preoculars, 2, upper upper one larger. Frontoparietals distinct, larger than the interparietal. A pair of parietals meeting behind interparietal and bordered posteriorly by a pair of nuchals and temporals, also in contact with interparietal, frontoparietal, 4
|
||
<superScript id="7C4CA92ACB012B33FB68E324FB16F984" attach="left" box="[1233,1246,1626,1640]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">th</superScript>
|
||
supraocular, and 2 postoculars. Loreals 2, similar size; anterior loreal in contact with 1
|
||
<superScript id="7C4CA92ACB012B33FC00E301FC0CF961" attach="left" box="[953,964,1663,1677]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">st</superScript>
|
||
and 2
|
||
<superScript id="7C4CA92ACB012B33FBB4E300FBD5F960" attach="left" box="[1037,1053,1662,1676]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">nd</superScript>
|
||
supralabial, posterior loreal, prefrontal, frontonasal, and nasal; posterior loreal in contact with 2
|
||
<superScript id="7C4CA92ACB012B33FCE4E3DCFCA5F95C" attach="left" box="[861,877,1698,1712]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">nd</superScript>
|
||
and 3
|
||
<superScript id="7C4CA92ACB012B33FC08E3DCFC77F95C" attach="left" box="[945,959,1698,1712]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">rd</superScript>
|
||
supralabial, 1
|
||
<superScript id="7C4CA92ACB012B33FBE5E3DDFBAFF95D" attach="left" box="[1116,1127,1699,1713]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">st</superScript>
|
||
subocular, upper and lower preocular, prefrontal, and anterior loreal. Supralabials 7, 6
|
||
<superScript id="7C4CA92ACB012B33FC81E3B8FC8DF938" attach="left" box="[824,837,1734,1748]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">th</superScript>
|
||
largest. Infralabials 6, several equally largest. Fifth supralabial below centre of the eye. Temporals: 1 primary; 2 secondary. Ear opening round, moderately large (2.1% as percentage of SVL), with several small projecting granules on anterior margin. Suboculars 8, 4
|
||
<superScript id="7C4CA92ACB012B33FB76E270FB14F8F0" attach="left" box="[1231,1244,1806,1820]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">th</superScript>
|
||
and 5
|
||
<superScript id="7C4CA92ACB012B33FAA6E270FAE4F8F0" attach="left" box="[1311,1324,1806,1820]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">th</superScript>
|
||
separated by 5
|
||
<superScript id="7C4CA92ACB012B33FF73E24CFF1FF8AC" attach="left" box="[202,215,1842,1856]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">th</superScript>
|
||
supralabial. Mental broader but shallower than rostral. Postmental larger than mental. Chinshields 3 pairs. Dorsal scales largest, smooth. Ventral scales and subdigital lamellae smooth. Adpressed limbs not meeting. Digits moderately long, subcylindrical. Third front digit shorter than the 4
|
||
<superScript id="7C4CA92ACB012B33FC31E204FC5DF864" attach="none" box="[904,917,1914,1928]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">th</superScript>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32357E9CB012B0DFF7EE2DEFD19FC4A" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="473" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B860462CB012B32FF7EE2DEFF34FF17" blockId="30.[151,1437,763,2014]" lastBlockId="31.[151,1437,153,251]" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="472" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB012B33FF7EE2DEFA54F856" bold="true" box="[199,1436,1951,1978]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">
|
||
Measurements (
|
||
<typeStatus id="5482BAC0CB012B33FE3DE2E1FE24F856" box="[388,492,1951,1978]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
with the variation shown in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5482BAC0CB012B33FCD3E2E1FC17F856" box="[874,991,1951,1978]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
/specimens examined in parentheses).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED289CA7CB012B33FF2EE2BAFF03F832" box="[151,203,1988,2014]" pageId="30" pageNumber="471">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
86.6 (mean 63.3, range 33.6–86.6), HL 12.0 (mean 9.5, range 6.4–12.0), HW 7.3 (mean 5.9, range 3.8–7.3), AG 47.3 (mean 33.7, range 17.9–47.3), SF 31.3 (mean 23.9, range 14.3–31.3), S-Ear 14.7 (mean 11.7, range 7.8– 14.7), EF 16.3 (mean 12.7, range 7.8–16.3), HLL 27.1 (mean 20.4, range 10.0–27.1), D-Ear 1.8 (mean 1.5, range 0.8–1.8).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4654EACB002B32FF2EE20BFC19F842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3258608/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="472" startId="31.[151,250,1909,1934]" targetBox="[151,1435,295,1882]" targetPageId="31">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B860462CB002B32FF2EE20BFC19F842" blockId="31.[151,1437,1909,1966]" pageId="31" pageNumber="472">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB002B32FF2EE20BFEDAF862" bold="true" box="[151,274,1909,1934]" pageId="31" pageNumber="472">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
a)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB002B32FE8EE208FE0EF861" authorityName="Melzer & Hitchmough & Bell & Chapple & Patterson" authorityYear="2019" box="[311,454,1909,1933]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="31" pageNumber="472" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albornense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB002B32FE8EE208FE0EF861" box="[311,454,1909,1933]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="472">O. albornense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype, Alborn Mine, West Coast of South Island (photo: Jean-Claude Stahl). b) Live specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C397FE1CB002B32FF0AE2EBFE7DF842" authority=", Alborn Mine" authorityName="Alborn Mine" box="[179,437,1941,1966]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="31" pageNumber="472" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albornense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB002B32FF0AE2EBFEECF841" box="[179,292,1941,1965]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="472">albornense</emphasis>
|
||
, Alborn Mine
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, West Coast of South Island (photo: James Reardon).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B860462CB3F2B0DFF7EE5E6FE71FE43" blockId="32.[151,1437,152,1439]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB3F2B0DFF7EE5E6FAA1FF5F" bold="true" box="[199,1385,152,179]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473">
|
||
Variation (
|
||
<typeStatus id="5482BAC0CB3F2B0DFEFEE5E6FE67FF5F" box="[327,431,152,179]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
with the variation shown in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5482BAC0CB3F2B0DFC8DE5E6FC61FF5F" box="[820,937,152,179]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
/specimens examined in parentheses).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Upper ciliaries 6 (mean 6, range 5–6); lower ciliaries 8 (mean 9.5, range 8–11); nuchals 4 pairs (mean 4 pairs, range 3–4 pairs); midbody scale rows 30 (mean 32, range 30–33); ventral scale rows 68 (mean 67, range 65–69); subdigital lamellae 18 (mean 19.5, range 18–21); supraciliaries 6 (mean 6, range 6–7); suboculars 6 (mean 6, range 6–6). Frontonasal sometimes not separated from frontal by prefrontals meeting in midline. Anterior loreal usually in contact with first and second supralabial, posterior loreal usually in contact with second and third supralabial. Supralabials 7 (usual) or 8, the sixth or seventh the largest. Infralabials 6. Projecting scales present in ear opening. Maximum
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED289CA7CB3F2B0DFEAAE4EBFE8FFE43" box="[275,327,405,431]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
<quantity id="4CC1A987CB3F2B0DFEF7E4EAFE7DFE43" box="[334,437,404,431]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.66" pageId="32" pageNumber="473" unit="mm" value="86.6">86.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B860462CB3F2B0DFF7EE4C7FBDEFDF7" blockId="32.[151,1437,152,1439]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473">
|
||
None of the specimens had an intact tail at the time of examination but an intact tail length of
|
||
<quantity id="4CC1A987CB3F2B0DFB48E4C7FA85FE3F" box="[1265,1357,441,467]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" pageId="32" pageNumber="473" unit="mm" value="113.0">113 mm</quantity>
|
||
of one specimen was listed in the records prior to tail removal. TL+/
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED289CA7CB3F2B0DFCF0E4A3FCB5FE1B" box="[841,893,477,503]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
= 1.28. Ratios for morphological measurements (+ SD): AG/SF 1.39 + 0.11; S-Ear/EF 0.93 + 0.05; HL/HW 1.62 + 0.064 (N=4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B860462CB3F2B0DFF7EE75AFD19FC4A" blockId="32.[151,1437,152,1439]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB3F2B0DFF7EE75AFE97FDD3" bold="true" box="[199,351,548,575]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473">Colouration.</emphasis>
|
||
Mid-dorsal stripe, intact or broken. Dorsal surface mid brown, with light and dark flecking, 6 scale rows wide, grading into pale dorsolateral stripe extending from behind head to base of tail, often becoming indistinct along body. This pale stripe is notched above and below, and is bordered below by a ½ scale row wide dark brown band, below that a 1–2 scale wide lighter brown row, notched on upper and lower edges, running from behind nostril through eye towards base of tail and continuing thereafter (unfortunately no specimens have intact tails so not able to say if it continues to tip). This band may have lighter speckling. Then a darker brown band 1 half-scales wide. This lower dark brown band is bordered below by a pale stripe, 1 to 2 half-scale rows wide running from below the eye, through the ear, above the limbs to become indistinct after the hindlimbs. This band is notched above and below. Soles of feet grey/brown. Belly colour unknown as colour has probably faded in preserved specimens. Usually speckling on belly. Throat pale, occasionally speckled. Outer surface of forelimbs brown speckled with light and dark. Colour of juveniles similar to adult.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32357E9CB3F2B0DFF7EE6CFFD52FC02" pageId="32" pageNumber="473" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B860462CB3F2B0DFF7EE6CFFD52FC02" blockId="32.[151,1437,152,1439]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB3F2B0DFF7EE6CFFE86FC27" bold="true" box="[199,334,945,971]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The scientific name is derived from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5482BAC0CB3F2B0DFCB0E6CFFCF1FC27" box="[777,825,945,971]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, the Alborn Coal Mine of the South Island. The suggested vernacular name is “Alborn skink”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32357E9CB3F2B0DFF7EE686FBD6FA73" pageId="32" pageNumber="473" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B860462CB3F2B0DFF7EE686FB3EFAE3" blockId="32.[151,1437,152,1439]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB3F2B0DFF7EE686FEA9FBFF" bold="true" box="[199,353,1016,1043]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is recorded from the West Coast of the South Island, in one location only within the 48.07 Totara Flat Ecological District. This is a cool, mid-altitude, steep region that experiences high rainfall over the greywacke/argillite mountains, where much of the original forest remains. It was originally discovered among discarded mine machinery in an area where native vegetation was regenerating after mining stopped and has now been found in nearby wetland areas. It appears to be a species of forest gaps, wetland edges and high points (to c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CC1A987CB3F2B0DFAECE1F6FA54FB4F" box="[1365,1436,1160,1187]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="473" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
|
||
ASL). It is currently known from artificial clearings in beech forest, pākihi, wetlands and regenerating shrubland (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA87993CB3F2B0DFF26E1AFFE6CFB07" author="van Winkel, D. & Baling, M. & Hitchmough, R." box="[159,420,1232,1259]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473" refId="ref29319" refString="van Winkel, D., Baling, M. & Hitchmough, R. (2018) Reptiles and Amphibians of New Zealand: A Field Guide. Auckland University Press, Auckland, 376 pp." type="book" year="2018">
|
||
van Winkel
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB3F2B0DFE91E1AFFEA8FB06" box="[296,352,1232,1258]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="473">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). May occur in forest, or small wetlands within a forest matrix. When pākihi habitats flood after heavy rains, the species uses high points and logs to escape the water (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA87993CB3F2B0DFC5FE18BFB23FAE3" author="van Winkel, D. & Baling, M. & Hitchmough, R." box="[998,1259,1268,1295]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473" refId="ref29319" refString="van Winkel, D., Baling, M. & Hitchmough, R. (2018) Reptiles and Amphibians of New Zealand: A Field Guide. Auckland University Press, Auckland, 376 pp." type="book" year="2018">
|
||
van Winkel
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB3F2B0DFBD6E18BFB6FFAE2" box="[1135,1191,1268,1294]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="473">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B860462CB3F2B0DFF7EE067FBD6FA73" blockId="32.[151,1437,152,1439]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB3F2B0DFF7EE067FE45FADF" bold="true" box="[199,397,1304,1331]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473">Natural History.</emphasis>
|
||
Diurnal, heliothermic, terrestrial. A medium-sized skink, up to at least
|
||
<quantity id="4CC1A987CB3F2B0DFB03E067FAC2FADF" box="[1210,1290,1305,1331]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" pageId="32" pageNumber="473" unit="mm" value="87.0">87 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC1A987CB3F2B0DFAEFE066FA54FADF" box="[1366,1436,1304,1331]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.15" pageId="32" pageNumber="473" unit="g" value="11.5">11.5 g</quantity>
|
||
in weight (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA87993CB3F2B0DFEB6E043FDDDFABB" author="van Winkel, D. & Baling, M. & Hitchmough, R." box="[271,533,1340,1367]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473" refId="ref29319" refString="van Winkel, D., Baling, M. & Hitchmough, R. (2018) Reptiles and Amphibians of New Zealand: A Field Guide. Auckland University Press, Auckland, 376 pp." type="book" year="2018">
|
||
van Winkel
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD870CB3F2B0DFE20E043FE19FABA" box="[409,465,1340,1366]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="473">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Natural history is very poorly known. No studies have been undertaken on this species, apart from the surveys by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA87993CB3F2B0DFDAAE01EFCFFFA97" author="Whitaker, A. H. & Meads, M. J." box="[531,823,1376,1403]" pageId="32" pageNumber="473" refId="ref29614" refString="Whitaker, A. H. & Meads, M. J. (1993) Macraes Mining Company Limited, Globe Mine development project: A survey of the terrestrial invertebrates, amphibians and reptiles of MPA 41 - 164, Reefton, north Westland. Unpublished report to Bioresearches Limited, Auckland, for Macraes Mining Company Limited, Reefton, iv + 58 pp." type="book" year="1993">Whitaker & Meads (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and Avis & Lyall (1995). Recent searches in the known 2 hectare range only resulted in 1 animal being found (J. Reardon, pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |