271 lines
40 KiB
XML
271 lines
40 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="C45C38D6EDC8700E72B016087C860C92">A new species and five new records of chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) from an isolated population of the solitary tinamou Tinamus solitarius (Aves: Tinamiformes)</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="2715690F0AC94AE1D0A33BECD40C3B65">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1BC3FE844207FC2A" bold="true" box="[151,525,356,382]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1BC3FE844146FC2A" bold="true" box="[151,332,356,382]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Heptagoniodes</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BDF36C1CA1EA25F1BC3FE424596FCEC" blockId="2.[151,1436,418,1279]" box="[151,1436,418,440]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1BC3FE42413AFCEC" box="[151,304,418,440]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Heptagoniodes</emphasis>
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: 166
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(
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F19FDFE4343CCFCEC" authority="Carriker, 1936" authorityName="Carriker" authorityYear="1936" box="[681,966,418,440]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Heptagoniodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
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<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F19FDFE43432CFCEC" box="[681,806,418,440]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">H. mirabilis</emphasis>
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, by original designation); Guimarães & Lane
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<paragraph id="8BDF36C1CA1EA25F1B93FE2143C9FC83" blockId="2.[151,1436,418,1279]" box="[199,963,449,471]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">
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(
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<year id="FFC87792CA1EA25F1B9AFE21410FFC83" box="[206,261,449,471]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">1937</year>
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:
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<part id="FFC49C5CCA1EA25F1A5BFE224114FC83" box="[271,286,450,471]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" type="volume">7</part>
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);
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<title id="F964DDF7CA1EA25F1A66FE2142EAFC83" box="[306,736,449,471]" jopScore="0.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B30CA1EA25F1A66FE2141E0FC83" author="Keler" box="[306,490,449,471]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Keler, S. von (1938) Uber brasilianische Mallophagen. 1 Beitrag. Arbeiten uber Morphologische und Taxonomische Entomologie aus Berlin-Dahlem, 5 (4), 305 - 326." type="journal article" year="1938">Kéler (1938: 323)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B30CA1EA25F1AA0FE2142EAFC83" author="Guimaraes" box="[500,736,449,471]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Guimaraes, L. R. (1942 a) Sobre alguns generos e especies de Heptapsogastridae [sic] (Mallophaga). - I. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia, Sao Paulo, 2 (2), 15 - 37." type="journal article" year="1942" yearSuffix="a">Guimarães (1942a: 16)</bibRefCitation>
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</title>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B30CA1EA25F19BFFE2143CAFC83" author="Carriker" box="[747,960,449,471]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Carriker, M. A. Jr. (1944) Studies in Neotropical Mallophaga (III) [Tinamidae N °. 2]. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 95 (3180), 81 - 233. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.95 - 3180.81" type="journal article" year="1944">
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<journalOrPublisher id="51A13C0DCA1EA25F19BFFE21438EFC83" box="[747,900,449,471]" jopScore="0.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Carriker (1944</journalOrPublisher>
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:
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<pagination id="B2A9C835CA1EA25F18DAFE2143B2FC83" box="[910,952,449,471]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" type="pagination">207</pagination>
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)
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</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</bibRef>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDF36C1CA1EA25F1BC3FE3F42A0FCA1" blockId="2.[151,1436,418,1279]" box="[151,682,479,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7011EFCA1EA25F1BC3FE3F42A0FCA1" box="[151,682,479,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1BC3FE3F41A7FCA1" ID-CoL="8VYM4" authority="(Heptagoniodes)" baseAuthorityName="Heptagoniodes" box="[151,429,479,501]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Kelloggia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1BC3FE3F40F1FCA1" box="[151,251,479,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Kelloggia</emphasis>
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(
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||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1A5DFE3F41A8FCA1" box="[265,418,479,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Heptagoniodes</emphasis>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC110D0CA1EA25F1AECFE3F42ACFCA1" author="Guimaraes" box="[440,678,479,501]" page="163" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" year="1948">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B30CA1EA25F1AECFE3F42ACFCA1" author="Guimaraes" box="[440,678,479,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Guimaraes, L. R. (1948) Sobre algumas especies de Malofagos encontrados em Tinamus tao tao Temminck e Tinamus tao septentrionalis Brabourne e Chubb. Boletim do Museu Paraense (E. Goeldi) de Historia Natural e Ethnographia, 10, 161 - 173." type="journal article" year="1948">Guimarães (1948: 163)</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDF36C1CA1EA25F1BC3FE1E4416FF40" blockId="2.[151,1436,418,1279]" box="[151,1052,510,532]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7011EFCA1EA25F1BC3FE1E4416FF40" box="[151,1052,510,532]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1BC3FE1E419FFF40" ID-CoL="8VYM4" authority="Carriker, 1903" authorityName="Carriker" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,405,510,532]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Kelloggia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1BC3FE1E40F1FF40" box="[151,251,510,532]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Kelloggia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B30CA1EA25F1A55FE1E419FFF40" author="Carriker" box="[257,405,510,532]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Carriker, M. A. Jr. (1903) Mallophaga from birds of Costa Rica, Central America. Nebraska University Studies, 3 (2), 123 - 197, 9 pls." type="journal article" year="1903">Carriker, 1903</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(in part);
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC110D0CA1EA25F1AAEFE1E432AFF40" author="Hopkins" box="[506,800,510,532]" page="166" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" year="1952">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B30CA1EA25F1AAEFE1E432AFF40" author="Hopkins" box="[506,800,510,532]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Hopkins, G. H. E. & Clay, T. (1952) A check list of the genera & species of Mallophaga. British Museum of Natural History, London, 362 pp." type="book" year="1952">Hopkins & Clay (1952: 166)</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC110D0CA1EA25F187FFE1E441BFF40" author="Price" box="[811,1041,510,532]" page="189" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" year="2003">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B30CA1EA25F187FFE1E43D4FF40" author="Price" box="[811,990,510,532]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A. & Palma, R. L. (2003) World checklist of chewing lice with host associations and keys to families and genera. In: Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A., Palma, R. L., Johnson, K. P. & Clayton, D. H. (Eds.), The chewing lice. World checklist and biological overview. Illinois Natural History Survey Special Publication, 24 (Champaign), pp. 1 - 448." type="journal article" year="2003">
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Price
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1831FE1F4398FF40" box="[869,914,510,532]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">et al</emphasis>
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. (2003
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 189
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</treatmentCitation>
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).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDF36C1CA1EA25F1B93FDFD445AFFC7" blockId="2.[151,1436,418,1279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1B93FDFD417BFF62" box="[199,369,541,566]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Heptagoniodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1B93FDFD417BFF62" box="[199,369,541,566]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Heptagoniodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
contains four known species, plus one described below as new; all of them are restricted to hosts of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1A2AFDDD41D4FF00" ID-CoL="648FM" box="[382,478,573,596]" class="Aves" family="Tinamidae" genus="Tinamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tinamiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1A2AFDDD41D4FF00" box="[382,478,573,596]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Tinamus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Our study of specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1869FDDC43EDFF01" box="[829,999,572,597]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Heptagoniodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1869FDDC43EDFF01" box="[829,999,572,597]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Heptagoniodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
of four species held in the MZUSP collection allowed us to give here an emendation of the generic diagnosis presented by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B30CA1EA25F1FE7FDBB456DFF20" author="Carriker" box="[1203,1383,603,628]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Carriker, M. A. Jr. (1936) Studies in Neotropical Mallophaga, Part I. - Lice of the tinamous. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 88, 45 - 186, 32 pls." type="journal article" year="1936">Carriker (1936)</bibRefCitation>
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and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B30CA1EA25F1BC3FD9A4162FFC7" author="Guimaraes" box="[151,360,634,659]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Guimaraes, L. R. (1942 a) Sobre alguns generos e especies de Heptapsogastridae [sic] (Mallophaga). - I. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia, Sao Paulo, 2 (2), 15 - 37." type="journal article" year="1942" yearSuffix="a">Guimarães (1942a</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B30CA1EA25F1A27FD9B41A4FFC7" author="Guimaraes" box="[371,430,635,659]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Guimaraes, L. R. (1948) Sobre algumas especies de Malofagos encontrados em Tinamus tao tao Temminck e Tinamus tao septentrionalis Brabourne e Chubb. Boletim do Museu Paraense (E. Goeldi) de Historia Natural e Ethnographia, 10, 161 - 173." type="journal article" year="1948">1948</bibRefCitation>
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), and a comparison with its morphologically close relatives.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BDF36C1CA1EA25F1B93FD794385F930" blockId="2.[151,1436,418,1279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1B93FD79417BFFE6" box="[199,369,665,690]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Heptagoniodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1B93FD79417BFFE6" box="[199,369,665,690]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Heptagoniodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is morphologically close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F19E8FD7943D1FFE6" ID-CoL="8VYM4" authority="Carriker, 1903" authorityName="Carriker" authorityYear="1903" box="[700,987,665,690]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Kelloggia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F19E8FD794320FFE6" box="[700,810,665,690]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Kelloggia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B30CA1EA25F1860FD7943D1FFE6" author="Carriker" box="[820,987,665,690]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Carriker, M. A. Jr. (1903) Mallophaga from birds of Costa Rica, Central America. Nebraska University Studies, 3 (2), 123 - 197, 9 pls." type="journal article" year="1903">Carriker, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1F42FD79454CFFE6" authority="Carriker, 1903" authorityName="Carriker" authorityYear="1903" box="[1046,1350,665,690]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Ornicholax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1F42FD79449CFFE6" box="[1046,1174,665,690]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Ornicholax</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B30CA1EA25F1FF4FD79454CFFE6" author="Carriker" box="[1184,1350,665,690]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Carriker, M. A. Jr. (1903) Mallophaga from birds of Costa Rica, Central America. Nebraska University Studies, 3 (2), 123 - 197, 9 pls." type="journal article" year="1903">Carriker, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having each side of the first visible tergo-pleurite (= I+II) entirely surrounded anteriorly by the metanotum and laterally by tergo-pleurites III. The first and second visible tergo-pleurites overlap those sclerites in segment III (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A44CA1EA25F1E72FD374584FFA4" box="[1318,1422,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1716,1739]" captionTargetBox="[160,1403,414,1668]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,411,1692]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 2. Heptagoniodes guimaraesi: 1, male holotype. 2, female paratype (Some thoracic and abdominal setae missing in the original specimens were added on the left side only)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231212/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Figs 1–2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1A4CFD164192FE5B" box="[280,408,758,783]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Ornicholax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1A4CFD164192FE5B" box="[280,408,758,783]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Ornicholax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have well developed coni and the antennae are inserted at mid-point of the head lateral margins, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1AD5FCF54221FE7A" box="[385,555,789,814]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Heptagoniodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1AD5FCF54221FE7A" box="[385,555,789,814]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Heptagoniodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1936FCF542DBFE7A" ID-CoL="8VYM4" box="[610,721,789,814]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Kelloggia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1936FCF542DBFE7A" box="[610,721,789,814]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Kelloggia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the coni are absent and the antennae are inserted near the front of the head lateral margins. Both sexes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F19D0FCD44327FE19" box="[644,813,820,845]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Heptagoniodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F19D0FCD44327FE19" box="[644,813,820,845]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Heptagoniodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be promptly distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1F88FCD44540FE19" ID-CoL="8VYM4" box="[1244,1354,820,845]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Kelloggia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1F88FCD44540FE19" box="[1244,1354,820,845]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Kelloggia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the absence of serration in the postero-lateral margin of the pterothorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A44CA1EA25F18EDFCB3440AFE38" box="[953,1024,851,876]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 8. 3" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1451,1474]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,205,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1427]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 8. 3, Heptagoniodes clayae dorso-lateral view of male head. 4, Heptagoniodes guimaraesi dorsal view of male head. 5, H. guimaraesi dorsal view of female head. 6, Kelloggia brevipes Carriker, 1903, dorsal view of male head. 7, Heptagoniodes guimaraesi dorso-lateral angle of female pterothorax. 8, Kelloggia brevipes dorso-lateral angle of female pterothorax. Abbreviations: ads, anterior dorsal seta; mts, marginal temporal seta; os, ocular seta; pas, preantennal seta; pos, preocular seta; pms, marginal pronotal setae; pns, postnodal seta; ppss, postspiracular pronotal seta; pts, post-temporal seta; vsms, ventral submarginal seta; s, head sensilla (1 – 6) (Arrows in Figs 3 – 4 indicate anterior margin of temples. Arrows in Figs 6 and 8 indicate serration of postero-lateral margin of pterothorax)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231213/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
), which is quite conspicuous in the latter genus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A44CA1EA25F1A7FFC924199FEDF" box="[299,403,882,907]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 8. 3" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1451,1474]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,205,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1427]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 8. 3, Heptagoniodes clayae dorso-lateral view of male head. 4, Heptagoniodes guimaraesi dorsal view of male head. 5, H. guimaraesi dorsal view of female head. 6, Kelloggia brevipes Carriker, 1903, dorsal view of male head. 7, Heptagoniodes guimaraesi dorso-lateral angle of female pterothorax. 8, Kelloggia brevipes dorso-lateral angle of female pterothorax. Abbreviations: ads, anterior dorsal seta; mts, marginal temporal seta; os, ocular seta; pas, preantennal seta; pos, preocular seta; pms, marginal pronotal setae; pns, postnodal seta; ppss, postspiracular pronotal seta; pts, post-temporal seta; vsms, ventral submarginal seta; s, head sensilla (1 – 6) (Arrows in Figs 3 – 4 indicate anterior margin of temples. Arrows in Figs 6 and 8 indicate serration of postero-lateral margin of pterothorax)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231213/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Figs 6, 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1973FC9242DBFEDF" box="[551,721,882,907]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Heptagoniodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1973FC9242DBFEDF" box="[551,721,882,907]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Heptagoniodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have sexually dimorphic antennae (males have the scapus and pedicel swollen and the first flageromere with a dorsal finger-like projection) and a deep post-ocular emargination (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A44CA1EA25F1BCBFC50410FFE9D" box="[159,261,944,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 8. 3" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1451,1474]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,205,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1427]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 8. 3, Heptagoniodes clayae dorso-lateral view of male head. 4, Heptagoniodes guimaraesi dorsal view of male head. 5, H. guimaraesi dorsal view of female head. 6, Kelloggia brevipes Carriker, 1903, dorsal view of male head. 7, Heptagoniodes guimaraesi dorso-lateral angle of female pterothorax. 8, Kelloggia brevipes dorso-lateral angle of female pterothorax. Abbreviations: ads, anterior dorsal seta; mts, marginal temporal seta; os, ocular seta; pas, preantennal seta; pos, preocular seta; pms, marginal pronotal setae; pns, postnodal seta; ppss, postspiracular pronotal seta; pts, post-temporal seta; vsms, ventral submarginal seta; s, head sensilla (1 – 6) (Arrows in Figs 3 – 4 indicate anterior margin of temples. Arrows in Figs 6 and 8 indicate serration of postero-lateral margin of pterothorax)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231213/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Figs 3–4</figureCitation>
|
||
). The head of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1AF0FC504219FE9D" ID-CoL="8VYM4" box="[420,531,944,969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Kelloggia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1AF0FC504219FE9D" box="[420,531,944,969]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Kelloggia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males is similar to those of the females (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A44CA1EA25F1F53FC504440FE9D" box="[1031,1098,944,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 8. 3" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1451,1474]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,205,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1427]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 8. 3, Heptagoniodes clayae dorso-lateral view of male head. 4, Heptagoniodes guimaraesi dorsal view of male head. 5, H. guimaraesi dorsal view of female head. 6, Kelloggia brevipes Carriker, 1903, dorsal view of male head. 7, Heptagoniodes guimaraesi dorso-lateral angle of female pterothorax. 8, Kelloggia brevipes dorso-lateral angle of female pterothorax. Abbreviations: ads, anterior dorsal seta; mts, marginal temporal seta; os, ocular seta; pas, preantennal seta; pos, preocular seta; pms, marginal pronotal setae; pns, postnodal seta; ppss, postspiracular pronotal seta; pts, post-temporal seta; vsms, ventral submarginal seta; s, head sensilla (1 – 6) (Arrows in Figs 3 – 4 indicate anterior margin of temples. Arrows in Figs 6 and 8 indicate serration of postero-lateral margin of pterothorax)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231213/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Another important character to distinguish both genera is head chaetotaxy: in both sexes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1820FC2F4417FEBC" box="[884,1053,975,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Heptagoniodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1820FC2F4417FEBC" box="[884,1053,975,1000]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Heptagoniodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1F0EFC30448BFEB3" box="[1114,1153,976,999]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">pns</emphasis>
|
||
(postnodal seta) and
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1E2FFC304596FEB3" box="[1403,1436,976,999]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">pts</emphasis>
|
||
(postemporal seta) are developed into distinct setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A44CA1EA25F19B0FC0E4340F953" box="[740,842,1006,1031]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 8. 3" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1451,1474]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,205,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1427]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 8. 3, Heptagoniodes clayae dorso-lateral view of male head. 4, Heptagoniodes guimaraesi dorsal view of male head. 5, H. guimaraesi dorsal view of female head. 6, Kelloggia brevipes Carriker, 1903, dorsal view of male head. 7, Heptagoniodes guimaraesi dorso-lateral angle of female pterothorax. 8, Kelloggia brevipes dorso-lateral angle of female pterothorax. Abbreviations: ads, anterior dorsal seta; mts, marginal temporal seta; os, ocular seta; pas, preantennal seta; pos, preocular seta; pms, marginal pronotal setae; pns, postnodal seta; ppss, postspiracular pronotal seta; pts, post-temporal seta; vsms, ventral submarginal seta; s, head sensilla (1 – 6) (Arrows in Figs 3 – 4 indicate anterior margin of temples. Arrows in Figs 6 and 8 indicate serration of postero-lateral margin of pterothorax)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231213/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Figs 4–5</figureCitation>
|
||
), while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1895FC0E4425F953" ID-CoL="8VYM4" box="[961,1071,1006,1031]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Kelloggia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1895FC0E4425F953" box="[961,1071,1006,1031]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Kelloggia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
they are like sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A44CA1EA25F1E7FFC0E457AF953" box="[1323,1392,1006,1031]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 8. 3" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1451,1474]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,205,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1427]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 8. 3, Heptagoniodes clayae dorso-lateral view of male head. 4, Heptagoniodes guimaraesi dorsal view of male head. 5, H. guimaraesi dorsal view of female head. 6, Kelloggia brevipes Carriker, 1903, dorsal view of male head. 7, Heptagoniodes guimaraesi dorso-lateral angle of female pterothorax. 8, Kelloggia brevipes dorso-lateral angle of female pterothorax. Abbreviations: ads, anterior dorsal seta; mts, marginal temporal seta; os, ocular seta; pas, preantennal seta; pos, preocular seta; pms, marginal pronotal setae; pns, postnodal seta; ppss, postspiracular pronotal seta; pts, post-temporal seta; vsms, ventral submarginal seta; s, head sensilla (1 – 6) (Arrows in Figs 3 – 4 indicate anterior margin of temples. Arrows in Figs 6 and 8 indicate serration of postero-lateral margin of pterothorax)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231213/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
); in males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1BAAFBED41A2F972" box="[254,424,1037,1062]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Heptagoniodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1BAAFBED41A2F972" box="[254,424,1037,1062]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Heptagoniodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
four (
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1AB9FBEE4224F972" box="[493,558,1037,1062]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">s3–s6</emphasis>
|
||
) of the six head sensilla placodea are developed into well-formed setae, while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1BE3FBCC412FF911" ID-CoL="8VYM4" box="[183,293,1068,1093]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Kelloggia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1BE3FBCC412FF911" box="[183,293,1068,1093]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Kelloggia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1A0FFBCD4196F911" box="[347,412,1068,1093]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">s1–s6</emphasis>
|
||
are sensilla in all species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A44CA1EA25F198DFBCC432AF911" box="[729,800,1068,1093]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 8. 3" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1451,1474]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,205,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1427]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 8. 3, Heptagoniodes clayae dorso-lateral view of male head. 4, Heptagoniodes guimaraesi dorsal view of male head. 5, H. guimaraesi dorsal view of female head. 6, Kelloggia brevipes Carriker, 1903, dorsal view of male head. 7, Heptagoniodes guimaraesi dorso-lateral angle of female pterothorax. 8, Kelloggia brevipes dorso-lateral angle of female pterothorax. Abbreviations: ads, anterior dorsal seta; mts, marginal temporal seta; os, ocular seta; pas, preantennal seta; pos, preocular seta; pms, marginal pronotal setae; pns, postnodal seta; ppss, postspiracular pronotal seta; pts, post-temporal seta; vsms, ventral submarginal seta; s, head sensilla (1 – 6) (Arrows in Figs 3 – 4 indicate anterior margin of temples. Arrows in Figs 6 and 8 indicate serration of postero-lateral margin of pterothorax)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231213/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Furthermore, the shape of the mesosome in the male genitalia of both genera is different (compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A44CA1EA25F19CDFBAB42D0F930" box="[665,730,1099,1124]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1492,1515]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,197,1467]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,195,1469]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Male genitalia (dissected): 9, Kelloggia brevipes Carriker, 1903. 10, Heptagoniodes agonus. 11, Heptagoniodes clayae Guimarães & Lane, 1937. 12, Heptagoniodes guimaraesi. Scale bars = 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231214/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
vs
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A44CA1EA25F1855FBAB4389F930" box="[769,899,1099,1124]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1492,1515]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,197,1467]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,195,1469]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Male genitalia (dissected): 9, Kelloggia brevipes Carriker, 1903. 10, Heptagoniodes agonus. 11, Heptagoniodes clayae Guimarães & Lane, 1937. 12, Heptagoniodes guimaraesi. Scale bars = 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231214/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Figs 10–12</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36C1CA1EA25F1B93FB8A40DBF9AB" blockId="2.[151,1436,418,1279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">
|
||
The head sexual dimorphism of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1916FB8A42E1F9D7" box="[578,747,1130,1155]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Heptagoniodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1916FB8A42E1F9D7" box="[578,747,1130,1155]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Heptagoniodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is phylogenetically informative as discussed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B30CA1EA25F1E77FB8A40EFF9F6" author="Guimaraes" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Guimaraes, L. R. (1948) Sobre algumas especies de Malofagos encontrados em Tinamus tao tao Temminck e Tinamus tao septentrionalis Brabourne e Chubb. Boletim do Museu Paraense (E. Goeldi) de Historia Natural e Ethnographia, 10, 161 - 173." type="journal article" year="1948">Guimarães (1948)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The male head emargination is an important character to distinguish the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1FDDFB694539F9F6" box="[1161,1331,1161,1186]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Heptagoniodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1FDDFB694539F9F6" box="[1161,1331,1161,1186]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Heptagoniodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
into two main species groups (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A44CA1EA25F1A94FB484229F995" box="[448,547,1192,1217]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 8. 3" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1451,1474]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,205,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1427]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 8. 3, Heptagoniodes clayae dorso-lateral view of male head. 4, Heptagoniodes guimaraesi dorsal view of male head. 5, H. guimaraesi dorsal view of female head. 6, Kelloggia brevipes Carriker, 1903, dorsal view of male head. 7, Heptagoniodes guimaraesi dorso-lateral angle of female pterothorax. 8, Kelloggia brevipes dorso-lateral angle of female pterothorax. Abbreviations: ads, anterior dorsal seta; mts, marginal temporal seta; os, ocular seta; pas, preantennal seta; pos, preocular seta; pms, marginal pronotal setae; pns, postnodal seta; ppss, postspiracular pronotal seta; pts, post-temporal seta; vsms, ventral submarginal seta; s, head sensilla (1 – 6) (Arrows in Figs 3 – 4 indicate anterior margin of temples. Arrows in Figs 6 and 8 indicate serration of postero-lateral margin of pterothorax)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231213/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Figs 3–4</figureCitation>
|
||
and key below). The head shape in species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1F1CFB4844BDF995" ID-CoL="8VYM4" box="[1096,1207,1192,1217]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Kelloggia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1F1CFB4844BDF995" box="[1096,1207,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Kelloggia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D42CA1EA25F1FA6FB484596F995" box="[1266,1436,1192,1217]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Heptagoniodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAD3CA1EA25F1FA6FB484596F995" box="[1266,1436,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Heptagoniodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
implies different copulation strategies, and this feature alone supports their generic separation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B30CA1EA25F1F8CFB2740CFF9AB" author="Guimaraes" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Guimaraes, L. R. (1948) Sobre algumas especies de Malofagos encontrados em Tinamus tao tao Temminck e Tinamus tao septentrionalis Brabourne e Chubb. Boletim do Museu Paraense (E. Goeldi) de Historia Natural e Ethnographia, 10, 161 - 173." type="journal article" year="1948">Guimarães 1948: 163</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |