292 lines
32 KiB
XML
292 lines
32 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="52D9DD969CACC1235C2B83E7974482A9">Taxonomic review of the tree frog genus Rhacophorus from the Western Ghats, India (Anura: Rhacophoridae), with description of ontogenetic colour changes and reproductive behaviour</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A123080D0293E179B0BA1C6F6B8B6CF7">Biju, S. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5EA9A98F5F54BADFE0ECD168257B9AC7">Kamei, Rachunliu G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="390A480580246AC4EC808905F63E3634">Mahony, Stephen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E4E09961492C7801282E15D2074D5BD5">Thomas, Ashish</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="93D728A72A2E3B3CBB5EDAEB4FBB673A">Garg, Sonali</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7FC8EC0A3035204C82E07124D67FA872">Sircar, Gargi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0AD24BF634364098D8A9CD46E1C1028A">Suyesh, Robin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F4791B24A6C4D67BC08F6738931FF312">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9B4954E84315DD24982C39528C205454">
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<mods:date id="9F06F61AECBBBCEBADCDFA22CF7BAA55">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="0205B3AAE86743D572623642E996C866" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="23B7FFAE78B209A2F9FEE23670FB829D">3636</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="01560656AF4E4F6664DC5E0F2708A24A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3636.2.3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="83F14F82BE4DC273B67C591876375A22" type="GBIF-Dataset">494fb970-c19c-4fae-9a0b-ae3f4f5aa0e3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AE4ACABB785950FD4ECA875BE0E503DF" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="12C19B90F7A77DE62CD9A6D68D823A5B" type="Zenodo-Dep">218525</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5228196EFFFFFFAB23D6CEBF023CFEA8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5611819" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119565276" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5611819" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5228196EFFFFFFAB23D6CEBF023CFEA8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5228196EFFFFFFAB23D6CEBF023CFEA8" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="282" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">
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<subSubSection id="929BFBF3FFFFFFA523D6CEBF052FFFB3" pageId="23" pageNumber="280" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="DA3EA878FFFFFFA523D6CEBF05F7FED4" blockId="23.[151,905,1699,1794]" box="[151,905,1699,1726]" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">
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<heading id="81761F14FFFFFFA523D6CEBF05F7FED4" bold="true" box="[151,905,1699,1726]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="280" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="1D81D3FBFFFFFFA523D6CEBF05F7FED4" authority="Vasudevan and Dutta, 2000" authorityName="Vasudevan and Dutta" authorityYear="2000" box="[151,905,1699,1726]" class="Diplopoda" family="Chelodesmidae" genus="Rhacophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="23" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudomalabaricus">
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<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFFFFFA523D6CEBF05F7FED4" bold="true" box="[151,905,1699,1726]" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">
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<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFFFFFA523D6CEBF0455FED7" bold="true" box="[151,555,1700,1726]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">Rhacophorus pseudomalabaricus</emphasis>
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Vasudevan and Dutta, 2000
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DA3EA878FFFFFFA523D6CEDD0438FEB7" blockId="23.[151,905,1699,1794]" box="[151,582,1734,1759]" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">Anaimalai Flying Frog (Daniels 2005)</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DA3EA878FFFFFFA523D6CEF104EFFF6B" blockId="23.[151,905,1699,1794]" box="[151,657,1770,1794]" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">
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(
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<figureCitation id="42BAB4FDFFFFFFA523DFCEF10763FF6B" box="[158,285,1770,1794]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A – G" captionStartId="4.[151,246,1936,1959]" captionTargetBox="[219,1374,181,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[219,1375,181,1909]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. A – G. Leaf nest types and multimale mating in the Western Ghats Rhacophorus. A – C. Leaf nest types. A. Type 1: Single leaf rolling— Rhacophorus lateralis; B – C. Type 2: Multiple leaves nest— R. calcadensis, R. malabaricus, R. pseudomalabaricus; D – G. Multimale mating. D – E. R. lateralis on vegetation. F. R. malabaricus on vegetation. G. R. malabaricus on ground." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218526/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">Figures 1C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="42BAB4FDFFFFFFA5226BCEF10731FF6B" box="[298,335,1770,1794]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A – D" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1974,1997]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,624,1959]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,624,1959]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. A – D. Photographs showing colour and marking of juveniles and adults in the Western Ghats Rhacophorus. A. R. calcadensis; B. R. lateralis; C. R. malabaricus; D. R. pseudomalabaricus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218527/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">2D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="42BAB4FDFFFFFFA5221BCEF10700FF6B" box="[346,382,1770,1794]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. A – H" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1717,1740]" captionTargetBox="[157,1424,387,1680]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,371,1688]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. A – H. Rhacophorus of the Western Ghats. A – B. R. calcadensis; C – E. R. lateralis; F – G. R. malabaricus; H. R. pseudomalabaricus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218528/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">3H</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="42BAB4FDFFFFFFA522CBCEF107D1FF6B" box="[394,431,1770,1794]" captionStart="FIGURE 6. A – D" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1806,1829]" captionTargetBox="[162,1420,407,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,396,1785]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. A – D. Distribution maps of the four Rhacophorus species in the Western Ghats. A. R. calcadensis; B. R. lateralis; C. R. malabaricus; and D. R. pseudomalabaricus. Positioning of symbols is approximate; see Table 1 for coordinates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218531/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">6D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="42BAB4FDFFFFFFA522FBCEF1047CFF6B" box="[442,514,1770,1794]" captionStart="FIGURE 9. A – G" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1818,1841]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,193,1797]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 9. A – G. Holotype of Rhacophorus pseudomalabaricus (BNHS 3095), from Andiparai Shola: A. dorsal view; B. ventral view; C. lateral view of head; D. ventral view of hand; E. schematic illustration of webbing on hand; F. ventral view of foot; G. schematic illustration of webbing on foot." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218534/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">9A–G</figureCitation>
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||
;
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||
<tableCitation id="97039DC3FFFFFFA5214FCEF104F6FF6B" box="[526,648,1770,1794]" captionStart-0="TABLE 1" captionStart-1="TABLE 2" captionStart-2="TABLE 3" captionStartId-0="11.[151,239,971,995]" captionStartId-1="20.[119,209,469,492]" captionStartId-2="25.[151,239,1088,1112]" captionTargetBox-2="[165,1422,1189,1652]" captionTargetPageId-2="25" captionText-0="TABLE 1. Distribution and collection localities of Rhacophorus that are discussed in the text. Distribution is given state wise in the following sequence: district followed by specific locality. Altitude is in meters. * locality requires confirmation, see ‘ Discussion’ for explanation." captionText-1="TABLE 2. Morphometric measurements (in mm) of the specimens used in this study. Status of specimens is given after the Museum number: HT-Holotype, PT-Paratype. other abbreviations are defined in the method and materials." captionText-2="TABLE 3. Voucher numbers, locality information and GenBank accession numbers of the taxa included in this study." httpUri-2="http://table.plazi.org/id/8EFEF8F0FFF1FFAB23D6CC5B0300FC3E" pageId="23" pageNumber="280" tableUuid-2="8EFEF8F0FFF1FFAB23D6CC5B0300FC3E">Tables 1–3</tableCitation>
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||
)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DA3EA878FFFFFFA523D6CF29052FFFB3" blockId="23.[151,1436,1842,2011]" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">
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<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFFFFFA523D6CF290470FF22" bold="true" box="[151,526,1842,1867]" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">Original name and description.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="1D81D3FBFFFFFFA52157CF2802B0FF23" authority="Vasudevan and Dutta, 2000" authorityName="Vasudevan and Dutta" authorityYear="2000" box="[534,1230,1842,1867]" class="Diplopoda" family="Chelodesmidae" genus="Rhacophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="23" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudomalabaricus">
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<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFFFFFA52157CF2805F0FF22" box="[534,910,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">Rhacophorus pseudomalabaricus</emphasis>
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Vasudevan and Dutta, 2000
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</taxonomicName>
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, A new species of
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<taxonomicName id="1D81D3FBFFFFFFA523D6CF4D0753FF07" box="[151,301,1878,1902]" class="Diplopoda" family="Chelodesmidae" genus="Rhacophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="23" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFFFFFA523D6CF4D0753FF07" box="[151,301,1878,1902]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">Rhacophorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="1D81D3FBFFFFFFA5227CCF4D07F7FF07" box="[317,393,1878,1902]" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Anura</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="1D81D3FBFFFFFFA522D7CF4D043FFF07" box="[406,577,1878,1902]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Rhacophoridae</taxonomicName>
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) from the Western Ghats,
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<collectingCountry id="A296E8E8FFFFFFA52032CF4D05CEFF07" box="[883,944,1878,1902]" name="India" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">India</collectingCountry>
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,
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<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFFFFFA520FDCF4D023FFF07" box="[956,1089,1878,1902]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">Hamadryad</emphasis>
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, 25:23.
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<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFFFFFA527E3CF4D03E2FF06" bold="true" box="[1186,1436,1878,1903]" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">
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||
Name-bearing
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<typeStatus id="053A16DAFFFFFFA52616CF4C03E9FF06" box="[1367,1431,1879,1903]" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">types</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="053A16DAFFFFFFA523D6CF61077CFFFB" box="[151,258,1914,1938]" pageId="23" pageNumber="280" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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, BNHS (BNHM) 3095, by original designation, an adult female;
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<typeStatus id="053A16DAFFFFFFA5209ECF600231FFFA" box="[991,1103,1915,1939]" pageId="23" pageNumber="280" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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, ZSI/SRS VA/
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<date id="AE3F8EB8FFFFFFA527B7CF610329FFFB" box="[1270,1367,1914,1938]" pageId="23" pageNumber="280" value="1078" valueMax="1079">1078–79</date>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFFFFFA52620CF60068AFFDE" bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">
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<typeStatus id="053A16DAFFFFFFA52620CF6003E4FFFA" box="[1377,1434,1915,1939]" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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Andiparai Shola, (Valparai), Tamil Nadu,
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<collectingCountry id="A296E8E8FFFFFFA521B9CF85054BFFDF" box="[760,821,1950,1974]" name="India" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">India</collectingCountry>
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.
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<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFFFFFA52007CF8502A3FFDE" bold="true" box="[838,1245,1950,1975]" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">Current status of specific name.</emphasis>
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Valid name, as
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<taxonomicName id="1D81D3FBFFFFFFA523D6CFD80533FFB3" authority="Vasudevan and Dutta, 2000" authorityName="Vasudevan and Dutta" authorityYear="2000" box="[151,845,1986,2011]" class="Diplopoda" family="Chelodesmidae" genus="Rhacophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="23" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudomalabaricus">
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<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFFFFFA523D6CFD80470FFB2" box="[151,526,1987,2011]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="280">Rhacophorus pseudomalabaricus</emphasis>
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Vasudevan and Dutta, 2000
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="8EFEF8F0FFF0FFAA23D6CF0104ECFF04" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218534/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="281" targetBox="[151,1435,193,1796]" targetPageId="24">
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<paragraph id="DA3EA878FFF0FFAA23D6CF0104ECFF04" blockId="24.[151,1436,1818,1902]" pageId="24" pageNumber="281">
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<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF0FFAA23D6CF01072BFF58" bold="true" box="[151,341,1818,1841]" pageId="24" pageNumber="281">FIGURE 9. A–G.</emphasis>
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Holotype of
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<taxonomicName id="1D81D3FBFFF0FFAA22A4CF010545FF59" box="[485,827,1818,1840]" class="Diplopoda" family="Chelodesmidae" genus="Rhacophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="24" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudomalabaricus">
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<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF0FFAA22A4CF010545FF59" box="[485,827,1818,1840]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="281">Rhacophorus pseudomalabaricus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(BNHS 3095), from Andiparai Shola:
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<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF0FFAA2798CF01028CFF46" bold="true" box="[1241,1266,1818,1839]" pageId="24" pageNumber="281">A.</emphasis>
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dorsal view;
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<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF0FFAA26C5CF0003E5FF59" bold="true" box="[1412,1435,1819,1840]" pageId="24" pageNumber="281">B.</emphasis>
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ventral view;
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<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF0FFAA2263CF220744FF39" bold="true" box="[290,314,1849,1872]" pageId="24" pageNumber="281">C.</emphasis>
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lateral view of head;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF0FFAA2156CF210451FF26" bold="true" box="[535,559,1850,1871]" pageId="24" pageNumber="281">D.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view of hand;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF0FFAA2055CF210552FF26" bold="true" box="[788,812,1850,1871]" pageId="24" pageNumber="281">E.</emphasis>
|
||
schematic illustration of webbing on hand;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF0FFAA27A8CF210284FF26" bold="true" box="[1257,1274,1850,1871]" pageId="24" pageNumber="281">F.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view of foot;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF0FFAA238CCF4C069FFF07" bold="true" box="[205,225,1879,1902]" pageId="24" pageNumber="281">G.</emphasis>
|
||
schematic illustration of webbing on foot.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="929BFBF3FFF0FFAB2386CF810324F956" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="282" pageId="24" pageNumber="281" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA3EA878FFF0FFAB2386CF810324F956" blockId="24.[151,1436,1946,2006]" lastBlockId="25.[151,1437,151,1039]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="282" pageId="24" pageNumber="281">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF0FFAA2386CF810492FFDA" bold="true" box="[199,748,1946,1971]" pageId="24" pageNumber="281">Other material studied/observed. KERALA:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF0FFAA21B9CF8105E5FFDB" box="[760,923,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="281">Idukki district</emphasis>
|
||
, Kadalar, SDBDU 2011.1010 (adult male), collected by SDB on
|
||
<date id="AE3F8EB8FFF0FFAA22D1CFA5040CFFBF" box="[400,626,1982,2006]" pageId="24" pageNumber="281" value="2011-09-22">22 September 2011</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF0FFAA213ECFA5053CFFBF" box="[639,834,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="281">Palakkad district</emphasis>
|
||
, Poopara, Parambikulam, SDBDU 2011.1422 (adult male), collected by SDB, RGK, AT, SG, RS & GS on
|
||
<date id="AE3F8EB8FFF1FFAB205CC88C05A5F8C6" box="[797,987,151,176]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" value="2011-08-13">13 August 2011</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB20A8C88C02D5F8D9" bold="true" box="[1001,1195,151,176]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">TAMIL NADU:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB27F7C88303EAF8D9" box="[1206,1428,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">Coimbatore district</emphasis>
|
||
, Valparai, SDBDU
|
||
<date id="AE3F8EB8FFF1FFAB2229C8A7079DF8BD" box="[360,483,188,212]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" value="1162" valueMax="1165">1162–1165</date>
|
||
(four adult males) and SDBDU 1160, SDBDU 1166 (two adult female), collected by SDB on
|
||
<date id="AE3F8EB8FFF1FFAB23BDC8C407EAF89E" box="[252,404,223,247]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" value="2002-07-11">11 July 2002</date>
|
||
, ZSI/SRS VA 1078 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="053A16DAFFF1FFAB21C4C8C40494F89E" box="[645,746,223,247]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
, adult male), Andiparai Shola, BNHS 3095 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="053A16DAFFF1FFAB27B1C8C40328F89E" box="[1264,1366,223,247]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, adult female), collected by K. Vasudevan on
|
||
<date id="AE3F8EB8FFF1FFAB2111C91F0572F975" box="[592,780,260,285]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" value="1998-01-23">23 January 1998</date>
|
||
, ZSI/SRS VA 1078 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="053A16DAFFF1FFAB20B5C91F0227F975" box="[1012,1113,260,284]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
, adult male), collected by K. Vasudevan on
|
||
<date id="AE3F8EB8FFF1FFAB227BC93C07B3F956" box="[314,461,295,319]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" value="1998-07-24">24 July 1998</date>
|
||
, WII 514 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="053A16DAFFF1FFAB2104C93C04D4F956" box="[581,682,295,319]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
, adult male), collected by K. Vasudevan on
|
||
<date id="AE3F8EB8FFF1FFAB27D7C93C0328F956" box="[1174,1366,295,319]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" value="1998-10-10">10 October 1998</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="929BFBF3FFF1FFAB2386C9500348FAED" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA3EA878FFF1FFAB2386C95003E5FA7E" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,1039]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB2386C950073FF90D" bold="true" box="[199,321,331,356]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D81D3FBFFF1FFAB220DC95704B9F90D" box="[332,711,332,356]" class="Diplopoda" family="Chelodesmidae" genus="Rhacophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudomalabaricus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB220DC95704B9F90D" box="[332,711,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">Rhacophorus pseudomalabaricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from known congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) large male adult size (SVL
|
||
<quantity id="1D79059DFFF1FFAB205EC97405BBF9EE" box="[799,965,367,391]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.04" metricValueMax="5.36" metricValueMin="4.72" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" unit="mm" value="50.4" valueMax="53.6" valueMin="47.2">47.2–53.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
); (2) green dorsal colour with light yellow webbing between fingers and toes in life; (3) finger webbing extensive, reaching beyond distal subarticular tubercle on inner side and base of disc in outer side of finger III; (4) thick dermal fringe from base of pad of toe V extends along lateral edge of tarsus to heel where it develops into broad flange with lateral projecting calcar on outer edge of heel; and (5) toe webbing extensive, reaching distal subarticular tubercle on either side of toe IV (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42BAB4FDFFF1FFAB27BAC9E403F0FA7E" box="[1275,1422,511,535]" captionStart="FIGURE 9. A – G" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1818,1841]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,193,1797]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 9. A – G. Holotype of Rhacophorus pseudomalabaricus (BNHS 3095), from Andiparai Shola: A. dorsal view; B. ventral view; C. lateral view of head; D. ventral view of hand; E. schematic illustration of webbing on hand; F. ventral view of foot; G. schematic illustration of webbing on foot." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218534/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">Figure 9F, G</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA3EA878FFF1FFAB2386CA380348FAED" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,1039]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB2386CA38071CFA55" bold="true" box="[199,354,547,572]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">Comparison.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D81D3FBFFF1FFAB222DCA3F0499FA55" box="[364,743,548,572]" class="Diplopoda" family="Chelodesmidae" genus="Rhacophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudomalabaricus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB222DCA3F0499FA55" box="[364,743,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">Rhacophorus pseudomalabaricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unique by its uniform green colouration of dorsum with venation-like light grey lines in life. However, this species could be confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D81D3FBFFF1FFAB2703CA530312FA09" box="[1090,1388,584,608]" class="Diplopoda" family="Chelodesmidae" genus="Rhacophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malabaricus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB2703CA530312FA09" box="[1090,1388,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">Rhacophorus malabaricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to comparable size in preservation. For differences with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D81D3FBFFF1FFAB204FCA7605C7FAED" box="[782,953,620,644]" class="Diplopoda" family="Chelodesmidae" genus="Rhacophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malabaricus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB204FCA7605C7FAED" box="[782,953,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">R. malabaricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, see ‘comparison’ of that species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="929BFBF3FFF1FFAB2386CA94054DFA86" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA3EA878FFF1FFAB2386CA940333FACE" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,1039]" box="[199,1357,655,680]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB2386CA94079AFAC1" bold="true" box="[199,484,655,680]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="053A16DAFFF1FFAB2237CA8B07A1FAC1" box="[374,479,656,680]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A detailed general description was published in Vasudevan and Dutta (2000).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA3EA878FFF1FFAB2386CAA8054DFA86" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,1039]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB2386CAA80745FAA5" bold="true" box="[199,315,691,716]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements of three female, including
|
||
<typeStatus id="053A16DAFFF1FFAB2055CAAF0508FAA5" box="[788,886,692,716]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and six male specimens, are given in
|
||
<tableCitation id="97039DC3FFF1FFAB265BCAAF0311FAA5" box="[1306,1391,692,716]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="20.[119,209,469,492]" captionText="TABLE 2. Morphometric measurements (in mm) of the specimens used in this study. Status of specimens is given after the Museum number: HT-Holotype, PT-Paratype. other abbreviations are defined in the method and materials." pageId="25" pageNumber="282">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
. No considerable variation in breeding and non breeding colour.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="929BFBF3FFF1FFAB2386CAE0023CFEA8" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA3EA878FFF1FFAB2386CAE0075DFC66" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,1039]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB2386CAE00426FB7D" bold="true" box="[199,600,763,788]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">Distribution and natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is currently reported from Kadalar, Poopara in Kerala and Andiparai Shola, Puduthottam in Tamil Nadu (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42BAB4FDFFF1FFAB2181CB040543FB5E" box="[704,829,799,823]" captionStart="FIGURE 6. A – D" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1806,1829]" captionTargetBox="[162,1420,407,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,396,1785]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. A – D. Distribution maps of the four Rhacophorus species in the Western Ghats. A. R. calcadensis; B. R. lateralis; C. R. malabaricus; and D. R. pseudomalabaricus. Positioning of symbols is approximate; see Table 1 for coordinates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218531/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">Figure 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="97039DC3FFF1FFAB200CCB0405DAFB5E" box="[845,932,799,823]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="11.[151,239,971,995]" captionText="TABLE 1. Distribution and collection localities of Rhacophorus that are discussed in the text. Distribution is given state wise in the following sequence: district followed by specific locality. Altitude is in meters. * locality requires confirmation, see ‘ Discussion’ for explanation." pageId="25" pageNumber="282">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). It is a high-altitude species found at ca.
|
||
<quantity id="1D79059DFFF1FFAB23D6CB5F0756FB35" box="[151,296,836,860]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1925000000000001" metricValueMax="1.4300000000000002" metricValueMin="0.9550000000000001" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" unit="m" value="1192.5" valueMax="1430.0" valueMin="955.0">955–1430 m</quantity>
|
||
asl. The Poopara specimen was located on a leaf at ca.
|
||
<quantity id="1D79059DFFF1FFAB208CCB5F0583FB35" box="[973,1021,836,860]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
|
||
above ground along a trek path in secondary forests on the fringe of abandoned cardamom plantations. The Kadalar specimen was located on a stem ca.
|
||
<quantity id="1D79059DFFF1FFAB23FFCB970681FBCD" box="[190,255,908,932]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" unit="m" value="1.5">1.5 m</quantity>
|
||
above ground in a marshy area beside a perennial stream outside KFDC’s cardamom plantation. During breeding season the species is known to aggregate at artificial ponds (Vasudevan & Dutta 2000) and on vegetation overhanging marshy areas, ponds and streams. All collections in the present study were made between 18:00 to 20:00 hours.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="8EFEF8F0FFF1FFAB23D6CC5B0300FC3E" ID-Table-UUID="8EFEF8F0FFF1FFAB23D6CC5B0300FC3E" box="[151,1406,1088,1112]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8EFEF8F0FFF1FFAB23D6CC5B0300FC3E" pageId="25" pageNumber="282" targetBox="[165,1422,1189,1652]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="25">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA3EA878FFF1FFAB23D6CC5B0300FC3E" blockId="25.[151,1406,1088,1112]" box="[151,1406,1088,1112]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB23D6CC5B0777FC31" bold="true" box="[151,265,1088,1112]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">TABLE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Voucher numbers, locality information and GenBank accession numbers of the taxa included in this study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA3EA878FFF1FFAB23E4CC62023CFEA8" blockId="25.[165,1354,1145,1168]" lastBlockId="25.[165,1422,1674,1730]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB23E4CC620334FCE6" bold="true" box="[165,1354,1145,1168]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">Species Voucher specimen Locality Accession number</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB23E4CE900408FEC9" box="[165,630,1674,1696]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">Source of sequences retrieved from GenBank</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB21C5CE9104E9FEF6" bold="true" box="[644,663,1674,1695]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">a.</emphasis>
|
||
Bossuyt & Milinkovitch (2000),
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB20B0CE91027BFEF6" bold="true" box="[1009,1029,1674,1695]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">b.</emphasis>
|
||
Hasan
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB2715CE9002F7FEC9" box="[1108,1161,1674,1696]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2012), NCBI, Genbank, unpublished,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB226CCEB00741FEA9" bold="true" box="[301,319,1707,1728]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">c.</emphasis>
|
||
Delmore (2004),
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB22B5CEB00477FEA9" bold="true" box="[500,521,1707,1728]" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">d.</emphasis>
|
||
Meenakshi
|
||
<emphasis id="E8F5746AFFF1FFAB21C5CEB704C6FEA8" box="[644,696,1707,1729]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="282">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2009), NCBI, Genbank, unpublished.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |