134 lines
19 KiB
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134 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="79AED9D84C1BAE00F1F63A125245C413" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00385.x" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5447636" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630462615209" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Healy, John M., Mikkelsen, Paula M. & Bieler, Rüdiger" docDate="2008" docId="131887E263311E2118A04CB9F8B3FB8E" docLanguage="en" docName="j.1096-3642.2008.00385.x.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 153 (2)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00385.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Fragum unedo" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="331" masterDocId="EF21FF9A63351E271B6E4855F943FFD8" masterDocTitle="Sperm ultrastructure in Hemidonax pictus (Hemidonacidae, Bivalvia, Mollusca): comparison with other heterodonts, especially Cardiidae, Donacidae and Crassatelloidea" masterLastPageNumber="347" masterPageNumber="325" pageNumber="329" updateTime="1699279852295" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="A9525068A1169B21DB70219B0CF26686">Sperm ultrastructure in Hemidonax pictus (Hemidonacidae, Bivalvia, Mollusca): comparison with other heterodonts, especially Cardiidae, Donacidae and Crassatelloidea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B123573B47EF3340110838FD69407863">Healy, John M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="318F852B5FB2FE718C0B7B50EE046743">Mikkelsen, Paula M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="342C0AC24C80D9F4FD2921A6C3945E1D">Bieler, Rüdiger</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1A7DA6D139244F64A55B07477C6DA50E">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="122F2027ADD595724F6CA9569E5AE3F8">
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<mods:date id="5EA620DEA9783F72AC4F1A481DE36E9B">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="15B2F00CC9A3C8DA47BFB2EB1EEFAE25">2008-06-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E0FBB514900C9BE67AD0DF85FE584C19">153</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="D3AB657F63311E2318A04CB9FD41FAFF" pageId="4" pageNumber="329" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9B0E36F463311E2318A04CB9FDA5FADA" blockId="4.[974,1254,1260,1282]" box="[974,1254,1260,1282]" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">
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<heading id="C046819863311E2318A04CB9FDA5FADA" box="[974,1254,1260,1282]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="329" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="5CB14D7763311E2318A04CB9FDC5FAD8" ID-CoL="6JLKV" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[974,1158,1260,1281]" class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Fragum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cardiida" pageId="4" pageNumber="329" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="unedo">
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<emphasis id="A9C5EAE663311E2318A04CB9FDC5FAD8" box="[974,1158,1260,1281]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">FRAGUM UNEDO</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="038A2A7163311E231FF64CB9FD9EFADA" box="[1176,1245,1260,1282]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[144,223,198,217]" captionText="Figure 3. Ultrastructure (TEM) of spermatozoa of Fragum unedo. A, B, longitudinal sections (LS) showing acrosomal complex, nucleus (showing slight curvature) and portion of midpiece region. C, LS of acrosomal complex (acrosomal vesicle + subacrosomal material) and nuclear apex. Note narrow basal invagination of acrosomal vesicle. D, LS of flagellum projecting from distal centriole of midpiece. Note also nuclear lacunae and also satellite fibres attached to distal centriole and plasma membrane. E, transverse section (TS) of midpiece showing four mitochondria and distal centriole. Abbreviations: a, acrosomal complex; av, acrosomal vesicle; ax, axoneme; br, basal ring (of acrosomal vesicle contents); dc, distal centriole; f, flagellum; m, mitochondrion of midpiece; n, nucleus; nl, nuclear lacuna; pc, proximal centriole; pm, plasma membrane; sf, satellite fibres; sm, subacrosomal material." pageId="4" pageNumber="329">FIG. 3</figureCitation>
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)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9B0E36F463311E2318484D47FD41FAFF" blockId="4.[806,1421,1298,1596]" box="[806,1026,1298,1319]" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">
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<emphasis id="A9C5EAE663311E2318484D47FD41FAFF" box="[806,1026,1298,1319]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">Acrosomal complex</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D3AB657F63311E2118484D64F8B3FB8E" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="331" pageId="4" pageNumber="329" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9B0E36F463311E2318484D64FD57F9E4" blockId="4.[806,1421,1298,1596]" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">
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The acrosomal vesicle is short (0.28 ± 0.02 Mm,
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<emphasis id="A9C5EAE663311E2318484D05FA79FABD" box="[806,826,1360,1381]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">N</emphasis>
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= 3), broadly conical, with a maximum diameter of 0.7 ± 0.05 Mm (
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<emphasis id="A9C5EAE663311E2318BA4D3AFAABFA5C" box="[980,1000,1391,1412]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">N</emphasis>
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= 3) (at mid-length level) (
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<figureCitation id="038A2A7163311E231E434D3BFA79FA7B" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[144,223,198,217]" captionText="Figure 3. Ultrastructure (TEM) of spermatozoa of Fragum unedo. A, B, longitudinal sections (LS) showing acrosomal complex, nucleus (showing slight curvature) and portion of midpiece region. C, LS of acrosomal complex (acrosomal vesicle + subacrosomal material) and nuclear apex. Note narrow basal invagination of acrosomal vesicle. D, LS of flagellum projecting from distal centriole of midpiece. Note also nuclear lacunae and also satellite fibres attached to distal centriole and plasma membrane. E, transverse section (TS) of midpiece showing four mitochondria and distal centriole. Abbreviations: a, acrosomal complex; av, acrosomal vesicle; ax, axoneme; br, basal ring (of acrosomal vesicle contents); dc, distal centriole; f, flagellum; m, mitochondrion of midpiece; n, nucleus; nl, nuclear lacuna; pc, proximal centriole; pm, plasma membrane; sf, satellite fibres; sm, subacrosomal material." pageId="4" pageNumber="329">Fig. 3A– C</figureCitation>
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). It rests on the membranes of the flattened and slightly inclined nuclear apex. Contents of the vesicle are differentiated into a highly electron-dense basal ring (lower, outer portion of the vesicle) and less dense material (lower, inner portion of the vesicle and anteriorly) (
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<figureCitation id="038A2A7163311E2318DC4E73FD44F9E4" box="[946,1031,1574,1596]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[144,223,198,217]" captionText="Figure 3. Ultrastructure (TEM) of spermatozoa of Fragum unedo. A, B, longitudinal sections (LS) showing acrosomal complex, nucleus (showing slight curvature) and portion of midpiece region. C, LS of acrosomal complex (acrosomal vesicle + subacrosomal material) and nuclear apex. Note narrow basal invagination of acrosomal vesicle. D, LS of flagellum projecting from distal centriole of midpiece. Note also nuclear lacunae and also satellite fibres attached to distal centriole and plasma membrane. E, transverse section (TS) of midpiece showing four mitochondria and distal centriole. Abbreviations: a, acrosomal complex; av, acrosomal vesicle; ax, axoneme; br, basal ring (of acrosomal vesicle contents); dc, distal centriole; f, flagellum; m, mitochondrion of midpiece; n, nucleus; nl, nuclear lacuna; pc, proximal centriole; pm, plasma membrane; sf, satellite fibres; sm, subacrosomal material." pageId="4" pageNumber="329">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9B0E36F463311E2318484ED6FAC2F940" blockId="4.[806,1421,1667,1903]" box="[806,897,1667,1688]" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">
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<emphasis id="A9C5EAE663311E2318484ED6FAC2F940" box="[806,897,1667,1688]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">Nucleus</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9B0E36F463311E2118484EF4F9E0FE04" blockId="4.[806,1421,1667,1903]" lastBlockId="6.[144,1422,198,476]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="331" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">
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The nucleus is short (2.38 ± 0.05 Mm,
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<emphasis id="A9C5EAE663311E231E2F4EF7FC16F96F" box="[1345,1365,1698,1719]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">N</emphasis>
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= 3), barrel-shaped (maximum diameter mid-nucleus of 1.35 ± 0.05 Mm,
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<emphasis id="A9C5EAE663311E2318B14E8AFAB0F92C" box="[991,1011,1759,1780]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="329">N</emphasis>
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= 3) but slightly curved or twisted (
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<figureCitation id="038A2A7163311E2318404EA8FAE6F8CA" box="[814,933,1789,1811]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[144,223,198,217]" captionText="Figure 3. Ultrastructure (TEM) of spermatozoa of Fragum unedo. A, B, longitudinal sections (LS) showing acrosomal complex, nucleus (showing slight curvature) and portion of midpiece region. C, LS of acrosomal complex (acrosomal vesicle + subacrosomal material) and nuclear apex. Note narrow basal invagination of acrosomal vesicle. D, LS of flagellum projecting from distal centriole of midpiece. Note also nuclear lacunae and also satellite fibres attached to distal centriole and plasma membrane. E, transverse section (TS) of midpiece showing four mitochondria and distal centriole. Abbreviations: a, acrosomal complex; av, acrosomal vesicle; ax, axoneme; br, basal ring (of acrosomal vesicle contents); dc, distal centriole; f, flagellum; m, mitochondrion of midpiece; n, nucleus; nl, nuclear lacuna; pc, proximal centriole; pm, plasma membrane; sf, satellite fibres; sm, subacrosomal material." pageId="4" pageNumber="329">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
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). Contents are highly electron-dense with the exception of scattered, electron-lucent lacunae (
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<figureCitation id="038A2A7163311E2318404F6FFAEAF888" box="[814,937,1850,1872]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[144,223,198,217]" captionText="Figure 3. Ultrastructure (TEM) of spermatozoa of Fragum unedo. A, B, longitudinal sections (LS) showing acrosomal complex, nucleus (showing slight curvature) and portion of midpiece region. C, LS of acrosomal complex (acrosomal vesicle + subacrosomal material) and nuclear apex. Note narrow basal invagination of acrosomal vesicle. D, LS of flagellum projecting from distal centriole of midpiece. Note also nuclear lacunae and also satellite fibres attached to distal centriole and plasma membrane. E, transverse section (TS) of midpiece showing four mitochondria and distal centriole. Abbreviations: a, acrosomal complex; av, acrosomal vesicle; ax, axoneme; br, basal ring (of acrosomal vesicle contents); dc, distal centriole; f, flagellum; m, mitochondrion of midpiece; n, nucleus; nl, nuclear lacuna; pc, proximal centriole; pm, plasma membrane; sf, satellite fibres; sm, subacrosomal material." pageId="4" pageNumber="329">Fig. 3A, D</figureCitation>
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). Apically the nuclear surface is flat and inclined due, in part, to nuclear curvature, whereas
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<emphasis id="A9C5EAE663331E211BFE4999F9E0FE04" box="[144,163,460,476]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">·</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="CFCE667C63331E211BFE4893FAAEFE1B" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" startId="6.[144,223,198,217]">
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<paragraph id="9B0E36F463331E211BFE4893FAAEFE1B" blockId="6.[144,1422,198,476]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">
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<emphasis id="A9C5EAE663331E211BFE4893F9BBFF01" bold="true" box="[144,248,198,217]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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Ultrastructure (TEM) of spermatozoa of
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<taxonomicName id="5CB14D7763331E2119A34893FAA6FF01" baseAuthorityName="Jonas" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[717,997,198,217]" class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Vasticardium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cardiida" pageId="6" pageNumber="331" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vertebratum">
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<emphasis id="A9C5EAE663331E2119A34893FAA6FF01" box="[717,997,198,217]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">Vasticardium vertebratum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. A, longitudinal section (LS) showing acrosomal complex, curved nucleus, portion of midpiece region. Note also several flagellae cut in transverse section (TS). B, LS of acrosomal complex (acrosomal vesicle + subacrosomal material) and nuclear apex. The degree of anterior dimpling is variable. C, TS at mid-level region of acrosomal complex. D, E, LS at base of nucleus, entire midpiece and proximal portion of flagellum. The proximal centriole shown in LS in D, in TS in E. Putative glycogen granules are also visible. F, TS of midpiece showing four mitochondria, distal centriole and putative glycogen granules. Abbreviations: a, acrosomal complex; av, acrosomal vesicle; ax, axoneme; br, basal ring (of acrosomal vesicle contents); dc, distal centriole; f, flagellum; g, putative glycogen granules; m, mitochondrion of midpiece; n, nucleus; nl, nuclear lacuna; pc, proximal centriole; pm, plasma membrane; sf, satellite fibres; sm, subacrosomal material.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="9B0E36F463331E211BFE4A46F9B9FDBE" blockId="6.[144,759,531,614]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">
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basally, very shallow indentations are associated with the midpiece mitochondria and proximal centriole (
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<figureCitation id="038A2A7163331E211BF64A05F9AEFDBE" box="[152,237,592,614]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[144,223,198,217]" captionText="Figure 3. Ultrastructure (TEM) of spermatozoa of Fragum unedo. A, B, longitudinal sections (LS) showing acrosomal complex, nucleus (showing slight curvature) and portion of midpiece region. C, LS of acrosomal complex (acrosomal vesicle + subacrosomal material) and nuclear apex. Note narrow basal invagination of acrosomal vesicle. D, LS of flagellum projecting from distal centriole of midpiece. Note also nuclear lacunae and also satellite fibres attached to distal centriole and plasma membrane. E, transverse section (TS) of midpiece showing four mitochondria and distal centriole. Abbreviations: a, acrosomal complex; av, acrosomal vesicle; ax, axoneme; br, basal ring (of acrosomal vesicle contents); dc, distal centriole; f, flagellum; m, mitochondrion of midpiece; n, nucleus; nl, nuclear lacuna; pc, proximal centriole; pm, plasma membrane; sf, satellite fibres; sm, subacrosomal material." pageId="6" pageNumber="331">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9B0E36F463331E211BFE4AC4F9B5FD7E" blockId="6.[144,759,657,923]" box="[144,246,657,678]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">
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<emphasis id="A9C5EAE663331E211BFE4AC4F9B5FD7E" box="[144,246,657,678]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">Midpiece</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9B0E36F463331E211BFE4AFAFB50FC43" blockId="6.[144,759,657,923]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">
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The midpiece contains four spherical mitochondria grouped around the centriolar pair (proximal and distal centrioles) (
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<figureCitation id="038A2A7163331E211A1D4AB9F8B7FCDA" box="[371,500,748,770]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[144,223,198,217]" captionText="Figure 3. Ultrastructure (TEM) of spermatozoa of Fragum unedo. A, B, longitudinal sections (LS) showing acrosomal complex, nucleus (showing slight curvature) and portion of midpiece region. C, LS of acrosomal complex (acrosomal vesicle + subacrosomal material) and nuclear apex. Note narrow basal invagination of acrosomal vesicle. D, LS of flagellum projecting from distal centriole of midpiece. Note also nuclear lacunae and also satellite fibres attached to distal centriole and plasma membrane. E, transverse section (TS) of midpiece showing four mitochondria and distal centriole. Abbreviations: a, acrosomal complex; av, acrosomal vesicle; ax, axoneme; br, basal ring (of acrosomal vesicle contents); dc, distal centriole; f, flagellum; m, mitochondrion of midpiece; n, nucleus; nl, nuclear lacuna; pc, proximal centriole; pm, plasma membrane; sf, satellite fibres; sm, subacrosomal material." pageId="6" pageNumber="331">Fig. 3D, E</figureCitation>
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). The centrioles are attached to each other, with the distal one anchored to the plasma membrane via nine satellite fibres. The entire midpiece region has a length of 0.75 ± 0.05 Mm (
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<emphasis id="A9C5EAE663331E211BF64B32F9EFFCA4" box="[152,172,871,892]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">N</emphasis>
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= 3) and a maximum diameter (of mitochondrial cluster) of 1.75 ± 0.08 Mm (
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<emphasis id="A9C5EAE663331E211AA94BD3F898FC43" box="[455,475,902,923]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">N</emphasis>
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= 3).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9B0E36F463331E211BFE4B93F847FC03" blockId="6.[144,758,966,1110]" box="[144,260,966,987]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">
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<emphasis id="A9C5EAE663331E211BFE4B93F847FC03" box="[144,260,966,987]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">Flagellum</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9B0E36F463331E211BFE4BB1F8B3FB8E" blockId="6.[144,758,966,1110]" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">
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The flagellum consists of a 9 + 2 microtubular configuration axoneme sheathed by the plasma membrane. From light microscopic observations, flagellar length is 48 ± 2.0 Mm (
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<emphasis id="A9C5EAE663331E211AF84C14F8E9FB8E" box="[406,426,1089,1110]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="331">N</emphasis>
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= 10).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |