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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.82.64599" ID-GBIF-Dataset="205678fd-2bd2-4678-98b7-f5f16219d018" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-82-237" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1F5C0CBF7E9953D29FBBE363CF102071" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4741707" ID-ZooBank="D68193F7DFC4489EBE9F4E3DD3E14C36" ModsDocID="1314-2607-82-237" checkinTime="1619783775204" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Radchenko, Alexander G., Perkovsky, Evgeny E. &amp; Vasilenko, Dmitry V." docDate="2021" docId="960F6790DFEB5094B009AA5380D25F6B" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 82: 237-251" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 82" docPubDate="2021-04-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.82.64599" docTitle="Formica ribbeckei Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="D09EB2FB-8386-49BC-AADF-6AD1E1A6600A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="1F5C0CBF7E9953D29FBBE363CF102071" lastPageNumber="237" masterDocId="1F5C0CBF7E9953D29FBBE363CF102071" masterDocTitle="Formica species (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Formicinae) in late Eocene Rovno amber" masterLastPageNumber="251" masterPageNumber="237" pageNumber="237" updateTime="1678755726927" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Formica species (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Formicinae) in late Eocene Rovno amber</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Radchenko, Alexander G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Schmalhausen Institute of zoology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">agradchenko@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Perkovsky, Evgeny E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Schmalhausen Institute of zoology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Vasilenko, Dmitry V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117647, Russia &amp; Cherepovets State University, Cherepovets, 162600, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-04-29</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>82</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>237</mods:start>
<mods:end>251</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.82.64599</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.82.64599</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-82-237</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D68193F7DFC4489EBE9F4E3DD3E14C36</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">1F5C0CBF7E9953D29FBBE363CF102071</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4741707</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="181758061" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D09EB2FB-8386-49BC-AADF-6AD1E1A6600A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/960F6790DFEB5094B009AA5380D25F6B" lastPageNumber="237" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="237" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/D09EB2FB-8386-49BC-AADF-6AD1E1A6600A" authority="Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky" authorityName="Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica ribbeckei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbeckei" status="sp. nov.">Formica ribbeckei Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="237">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="237" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Formica ribbeckei Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky, sp. nov., holotype, worker (ANTWEB: casent 0917590) A body, lateral view B body dorso-lateral view C head, maxillary and labial palps, ventral view D head, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.82.64599.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537845" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. General view of the syniclusion of Formica ribbeckei Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky, sp. nov., holotype, worker (A) and Plagiolepis klinsmanni, worker (B). Scale bar: 1.0 mm (ANTWEB: casent 0917590)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.82.64599.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537846" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">, 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="237" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Ukraine" county="Korosten' District" location="Eocene" municipality="Gulyanka" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rovno" typeStatus="Holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
worker, SIZK GU-25,
<collectingCountry name="Ukraine">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
, Zhitomir Region,
<collectingCounty>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Korosten’">Korosten'</normalizedToken>
District
</collectingCounty>
, village
<collectingMunicipality>Gulyanka</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion country="Ukraine" name="Rivne">Rovno</collectingRegion>
amber, late
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:960F6790DFEB5094B009AA5380D25F6B:2F250F048F5861067BEC925382844C20" country="Ukraine" county="Korosten' District" municipality="Gulyanka" name="Eocene" stateProvince="Rovno">Eocene</location>
, 33.9-37.8
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:960F6790DFEB5094B009AA5380D25F6B:683A677C4575801F948D2FDF55D140BF" country="Ukraine" county="Korosten' District" municipality="Gulyanka" name="Ma" stateProvince="Rovno">Ma</location>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="M. Khomych" country="Ukraine" location="Vladimirets District" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rovno Region" typeStatus="Paratypes">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: worker, SIZK K-3566,
<collectingCountry name="Ukraine">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion country="Ukraine" name="Rivne">Rovno Region</collectingRegion>
, Klesov; worker, SIZK K-3514,
<collectingCountry name="Ukraine">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion country="Ukraine" name="Rivne">Rovno Region</collectingRegion>
, Klesov; worker, collection of
<collectorName>M. Khomych</collectorName>
, No. KH-F-507,
<collectingCountry name="Ukraine">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion country="Ukraine" name="Rivne">Rovno Region</collectingRegion>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:960F6790DFEB5094B009AA5380D25F6B:2D07B26DCB7D7A9C6EDE720FBD46D3EA" country="Ukraine" name="Vladimirets District" stateProvince="Rovno Region">Vladimirets District</location>
, vicinity of village Voronky,
<collectingRegion country="Ukraine" name="Rivne">Rovno</collectingRegion>
amber, late Eocene, 33.9-37.8 Ma
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="4741711" doi="10.3897/jhr.82.64599.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537845" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica ribbeckei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbeckei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica ribbeckei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky, sp. nov.,
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
, worker (ANTWEB:casent 0917590)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">A</emphasis>
body, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">B</emphasis>
body dorso-lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">C</emphasis>
head, maxillary and labial palps, ventral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">D</emphasis>
head, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">A</emphasis>
);
<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">B-D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="237" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Worker</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
maxillary palps 5-segmented, long, reaching occipital foramen, its apical and preapical segments subequal in length; gastral tergites with sparse decumbent pubescence, distance between setae greater than their length; first funicular segment ≤ 1.2 times as long as second one, and ≤ 2.25 times as long as broad.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="4741713" doi="10.3897/jhr.82.64599.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537846" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Figure 2.</emphasis>
General view of the syniclusion of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica ribbeckei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbeckei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica ribbeckei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky, sp. nov., holotype, worker (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">A</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Plagiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plagiolepis klinsmanni" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="klinsmanni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Plagiolepis klinsmanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, worker (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">B</emphasis>
). Scale bar: 1.0 mm (ANTWEB:casent0917590).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="237" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Body length 4.7-6.5 mm. Head slightly longer than wide, distinctly narrowing anteriorly (maxHW/minHW 1.31-1.36), with broadly rounded occipital corners and weakly convex occipital margin. Frontal area well defined, sculptured similarly to frons. Eyes large (OI 0.3-0.35), situated distinctly behind (above) midlength of sides of head, genae distinctly longer than maximum diameter of eyes (GI 1.10-1.15). Ocelli distinct, forming equilateral triangle. Frontal groove weakly developed, short and very shallow. Clypeus with distinct longitudinal medial carina, its anterior margin slightly angulated. Antennal scape longer than head, somewhat widened apically, surpassing occipital margin for ca. 1/4 of its length. First funicular segment 1.1-1.2 times as long as second one and ca. twice as long as wide, second and third segments of same length and 1.7 times as long as wide. Maxillary palps 5-segmented but long, reaching occipital foramen, their third segment the longest, apical segment subequal to preapical one; labial palps 4-segmented. Mandibles with 6-8 sharp teeth, apical tooth distinctly larger, but less than twice as long as preapical one.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Mesosoma quite slender, 2.34-2.43 times as long as high, mesonotum slightly raised above pronotum. Dorsal surface of propodeum convex, posterior one almost straight and inclined posteriorly, both surfaces converging at rounded angle. Propodeal spiracles elongate-oval, ca. twice as long as wide. Petiolar scale rather high, its anterior surface convex, posterior one flat and almost straight, sides very slightly convex; its upper margin convex, without notch (seen in anterior or posterior views), in profile quite narrow, with crest. Meso- and metatibiae each with a single, long simple spur.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Body surface with very fine microsculpture, appears quite shiny, especially on genae. Mesosoma, petiole, legs and antennae without standing setae. Several coarse semierect setae present on vertex, frons and clypeus; gastral tergites and sternites with similar setae. Meso- and metatibiae usually without row of coarse bristles, only with 2-4 bristles on distal third of flexor surface. Mesosoma and petiole with very fine, short and dense whitish decumbent pubescence, setae longer than distance between them; head dorsum with sparse pilosity, distance between setae greater than their length. Gastral tergites with sparse decumbent pilosity, distance between setae greater or at most equal to their length. Eyes bare.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
Measurements (in mm) and indices are given in the Tables
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Measurements of Formica ribbeckei Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky, sp. nov. (in mm)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5E957180CE164E155D9FA144AB1E2808" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" tableUuid="5E957180CE164E155D9FA144AB1E2808">1</tableCitation>
,
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Morphometric indices of Formica ribbeckei Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky, sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0D2C26C12A06E146C840A7EFC65810AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" tableUuid="0D2C26C12A06E146C840A7EFC65810AD">2</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="5E957180CE164E155D9FA144AB1E2808" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5E957180CE164E155D9FA144AB1E2808" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Table 1.</emphasis>
Measurements of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica ribbeckei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbeckei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica ribbeckei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky, sp. nov. (in mm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">Specimens</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">HL</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">max HW</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">min HW</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">SL</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">OL</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">GL</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">ML</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">MH</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">PL</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">PW</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">PH</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">HTL</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">FSL1</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">FSW1</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">FSL2</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">MP4</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">MP5</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">TL</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">holotype</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.14</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.07</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.78</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.26</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.40</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.44</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.77</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.75</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.26</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.56</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.26</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.20</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.10</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.17</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.21</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.22</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">4.7</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">K-3566</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.12</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.99</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.73</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.25</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.38</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.43</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.79</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.26</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.49</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.25</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.23</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.12</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.20</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.30</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.31</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">4.8</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">K-3514</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.40</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.22</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.94</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.52</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.44</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.51</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">2.34</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.99</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.39</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.87</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.36</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.12</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.23</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">6.5</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">KH-F-507</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.30</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.20</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.47</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.40</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.46</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">2.21</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.91</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.38</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.82</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.27</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.12</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.23</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.34</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.31</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">6.1</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="0D2C26C12A06E146C840A7EFC65810AD" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0D2C26C12A06E146C840A7EFC65810AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" start="Table 2" startId="T2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Table 2.</emphasis>
Morphometric indices of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica ribbeckei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbeckei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica ribbeckei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky, sp. nov.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">Specimens</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">CI</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">HWI</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">SI1</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">SI2</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">OI</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">GI</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">PI1</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">PI2</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">MI</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">FSI1</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">FSI2</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">MPI</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">holotype</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.07</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.36</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.10</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.18</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.35</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.10</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.23</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.47</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">2.34</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.15</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">2.00</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.06</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">K-3566</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.13</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.36</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.12</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.26</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.34</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.14</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.23</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.20</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">2.00</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.04</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">K-3514</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.15</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.31</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.08</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.24</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.31</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.15</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.27</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">2.37</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.11</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">2.11</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">KH-F-507</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.09</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.13</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.23</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.34</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.13</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.29</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">2.43</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">1.17</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">2.21</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">0.92</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Queens and males</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="237" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">The species is dedicated to Mr Hans-Werner Ribbecke (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany), who donated us the holotype specimen.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="237" type="comparative diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Comparative diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
Nine undoubted
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are known from late Eocene European ambers (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030108050055" author="Dlussky, GM" journalOrPublisher="Paleontologcal Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" pagination="500 - 513" refId="B10" refString="Dlussky, GM, 2008. Ants of the tribe Formicini (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Late Eocene amber of Europe. Paleontologcal Journal 42 (5): 500 - 513, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030108050055" title="Ants of the tribe Formicini (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Late Eocene amber of Europe." url="https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030108050055" volume="42" year="2008">Dlussky 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. ribbeckei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbeckei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. ribbeckei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky, sp. nov. clearly differs from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. horrida" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="horrida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. horrida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Wheeler, 1915,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. kutscheri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kutscheri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. kutscheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030108050055" author="Dlussky, GM" journalOrPublisher="Paleontologcal Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" pagination="500 - 513" refId="B10" refString="Dlussky, GM, 2008. Ants of the tribe Formicini (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Late Eocene amber of Europe. Paleontologcal Journal 42 (5): 500 - 513, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030108050055" title="Ants of the tribe Formicini (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Late Eocene amber of Europe." url="https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030108050055" volume="42" year="2008">Dlussky 2008</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. palaeopolonica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaeopolonica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. palaeopolonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Dlussky, 2008 and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. zherikhini" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zherikhini">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. zherikhini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Dlussky, 2008 by the absence of erect or suberect setae on the tibiae and antennal scape. Among other species with bare tibiae and scape,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. ribbeckei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbeckei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. ribbeckei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky, sp. nov. differs from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. radchenkoi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="radchenkoi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. radchenkoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Dlussky, 2008 by the absence of notch on the anterior clypeal margin. It resembles
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. phaethusa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phaethusa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. phaethusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Wheeler, 1915 by the 5-segmented maxillary palps, but its palps are much longer and reach the occipital foramen; additionally, it differs by the longer antennal scape and by the angulated anterior clypeal margin. New species differs from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. strangulata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strangulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. strangulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Wheeler, 1915 by the clypeal shape, the first funicular segment shorter, and the promesonotal and propodeal shape. Both
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. flori" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flori">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. flori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. gustawi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gustawi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. gustawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Dlussky, 2002 have 6-segmented maxillary palps. In addition, the latter species has dense decumbent pubescence on the gastral segments, which distinguishes it well from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. ribbeckei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbeckei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. ribbeckei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky, sp. nov.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. ribbeckei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbeckei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. ribbeckei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. flori" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flori">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. flori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">Maxillary palps 5-segmented; apical and preapical segments subequal in length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">Maxillary palps 6-segmented; preapical segment about 1.5 times as long as apical one</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">First funicular segment ≤ 1.20 times as long as second one and ≤ 2.25 times as long as broad</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">First funicular segment ≥ 1.35 times as long as second one and ≥ 3 times as long as broad</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">Upper margin of petiolar scale thin and with distinct crest</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">Upper margin of petiolar scale quite thick and rounded</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">Mesosoma with dense decumbent pubescence</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" rowspan="1">Mesosoma with sparse decumbent pubescence</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica ribbeckei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbeckei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica ribbeckei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky, sp. nov. most resembles
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. flori" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flori">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. flori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, particularly in the sparse decumbent pilosity on the gastral tergites. The main differences between it and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. flori" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flori">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. flori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are:
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
We examined approximately 100
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens of five species from Rovno amber in varying degrees of preservation:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. flori" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flori">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. flori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(38),
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. gustawi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gustawi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. gustawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(15),
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. palaeopolonica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaeopolonica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. palaeopolonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(1),
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. radchenkoi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="radchenkoi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. radchenkoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(2, including the holotype) and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. ribbeckei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbeckei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. ribbeckei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky, sp. nov. (5). These represent half of the known amber
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
The most abundant species in all ambers is
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. flori" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flori">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. flori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, followed by
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. gustawi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gustawi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. gustawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The latter clearly differs from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. flori" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flori">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. flori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the dense decumbent pubescence on the gastral tergites. Thirty three specimens of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. gustawi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gustawi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. gustawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been recorded from all ambers (
<bibRefCitation author="Dlussky, GM" journalOrPublisher="Russian Entomological Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" pagination="291 - 298" publicationUrl="https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/f/f7/Dlussky%2C_2002b.pdf" refId="B9" refString="Dlussky, GM, 2002b. Syntypes of Baltic Amber ants Formica flori Mayr and Ponera atavia Mayr. Russian Entomological Journal 11: 291 - 298, https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/f/f7/Dlussky%2C_2002b.pdf" title="Syntypes of Baltic Amber ants Formica flori Mayr and Ponera atavia Mayr." url="https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/f/f7/Dlussky%2C_2002b.pdf" volume="11" year="2002 b">Dlussky 2002b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030108050055" author="Dlussky, GM" journalOrPublisher="Paleontologcal Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" pagination="500 - 513" refId="B10" refString="Dlussky, GM, 2008. Ants of the tribe Formicini (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Late Eocene amber of Europe. Paleontologcal Journal 42 (5): 500 - 513, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030108050055" title="Ants of the tribe Formicini (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Late Eocene amber of Europe." url="https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030108050055" volume="42" year="2008">2008</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030109090056" author="Dlussky, GM" journalOrPublisher="Paleontological Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" pagination="1024 - 1042" refId="B14" refString="Dlussky, GM, Rasnitsyn, AP, 2009. Ants (Insecta: Vespida: Formicidae) in the Upper Eocene amber of Central and Eastern Europe. Paleontological Journal 43 (9): 1024 - 1042, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030109090056" title="Ants (Insecta: Vespida: Formicidae) in the Upper Eocene amber of Central and Eastern Europe." url="https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030109090056" volume="43" year="2009">Dlussky and Rasnitsyn 2009</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1515/vzoo-2016-0014" author="Perkovsky, EE" journalOrPublisher="Vestnik zoologii" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" pagination="111 - 122" refId="B36" refString="Perkovsky, EE, 2016. Tropical and Holarctic ants in Late Eocene ambers. Vestnik zoologii 50 (2): 111 - 122, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/vzoo-2016-0014" title="Tropical and Holarctic ants in Late Eocene ambers." url="https://doi.org/10.1515/vzoo-2016-0014" volume="50" year="2016">Perkovsky 2016</bibRefCitation>
), but its separation with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. flori" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flori">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. flori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was not agreed upon by all researchers until 2002 when
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. gustawi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gustawi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. gustawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described. Therefore, when previously examined
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
material will be re-evaluated, the abundance of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. gustawi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gustawi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. gustawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may increase. The situation with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. ribbeckei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbeckei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. ribbeckei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky, sp. nov. may be similar, as this species is very similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. flori" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flori">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. flori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and we cannot rule out that
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. ribbeckei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribbeckei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. ribbeckei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Radchenko &amp; Perkovsky, sp. nov. can be found in other late Eocene European ambers after re-investigation of corresponding material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
Nine fossil species originally assigned to genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were first described from Baltic amber in the first half of 19th century (
<bibRefCitation author="Presl, JS" journalOrPublisher="Calve, Pragae" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" publicationUrl="https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/e/e3/Presl_J_1822.pdf" refId="B41" refString="Presl, JS, 1822. Additamenta ad faunam protogaeam, sistens descriptiones aliquot animalium in succino inclusorum. In: Presl JS, Presl KB (Eds) Deliciae Pragenses, Historiam Naturalem Spectantes Tome 1. Calve, Pragae, https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/e/e3/Presl_J_1822.pdf" title="Additamenta ad faunam protogaeam, sistens descriptiones aliquot animalium in succino inclusorum. In: Presl JS, Presl KB (Eds) Deliciae Pragenses, Historiam Naturalem Spectantes Tome 1." url="https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/e/e3/Presl_J_1822.pdf" year="1822">Presl 1822</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Holl, F" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" publicationUrl="https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/b/b7/Holl_F_1829.pdf" refId="B23" refString="Holl, F, 1829. Handbuch der Petrefactenkunde. Bd. 2 [part]. P. O. Hilschersche Buchhandlung, Dresden, 117-232. https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/b/b7/Holl_F_1829.pdf" title="Handbuch der Petrefactenkunde. Bd. 2 [part]. P. O. Hilschersche Buchhandlung, Dresden, 117 - 232." url="https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/b/b7/Holl_F_1829.pdf" year="1829">Holl 1829</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Giebel, CG" journalOrPublisher="Vestnik Zoologii" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" publicationUrl="https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/4/43/Giebel_1856.pdf" refId="B20" refString="Giebel, CG, 1856. Fauna der Vorwelt mit steter Beruecksichtigung der lebenden Thiere. Monographisch dargestellt. Zweiter Band. Gliederthiere. Erste Abtheilung. Insecten und Spinnen. Brockhaus (Leipzig): I-XVIII + 1-511. https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/4/43/Giebel_1856.pdf" title="Fauna der Vorwelt mit steter Beruecksichtigung der lebenden Thiere. Monographisch dargestellt. Zweiter Band. Gliederthiere. Erste Abtheilung. Insecten und Spinnen. Brockhaus (Leipzig): I-XVIII + 1 - 511." url="https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/4/43/Giebel_1856.pdf" year="1856">Giebel 1856</bibRefCitation>
). However, the type specimens of these species have been lost, and based on their inadequate descriptions, it is impossible to attribute these species to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or any other ant genera. As a result,
<bibRefCitation author="Mayr, G" journalOrPublisher="Koeniglichen Physikalisch-Oekonomischen Gesellschaft zu Koenigsberg" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" pagination="1 - 102" publicationUrl="https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/d/db/Mayr_1868c.pdf" refId="B27" refString="Mayr, G, 1868. Die Ameisen des baltischen Bernsteins. Beitraege zur Naturkunde Preussens. Koeniglichen Physikalisch-Oekonomischen Gesellschaft zu Koenigsberg 1: 1 - 102, https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/d/db/Mayr_1868c.pdf" title="Die Ameisen des baltischen Bernsteins. Beitraege zur Naturkunde Preussens." url="https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/d/db/Mayr_1868c.pdf" volume="1" year="1868">Mayr (1868)</bibRefCitation>
suggested that
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. cordata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. cordata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Holl, 1829 belongs to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1839" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Pheidole</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Westwood, 1839, and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. lucida" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. lucida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Giebel, 1856 is not an ant, but a parasitoid
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Braconidae</taxonomicName>
wasp, and
<bibRefCitation author="Handlirsch, A" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" publicationUrl="https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/7/73/Handlirsch_1907.pdf" refId="B22" refString="Handlirsch, A, 1907. Die Fossilen Insekten und die Phylogenie der Rezenten Formen. Ein Handbuch fuer Palaeontologen und Zoologen. Lieferung 6. Wilhelm Engelman Preuss. (Leipzig): 801-960. https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/7/73/Handlirsch_1907.pdf" title="Die Fossilen Insekten und die Phylogenie der Rezenten Formen. Ein Handbuch fuer Palaeontologen und Zoologen. Lieferung 6. Wilhelm Engelman Preuss. (Leipzig): 801 - 960." url="https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/7/73/Handlirsch_1907.pdf" year="1907">Handlirsch (1907)</bibRefCitation>
proposed to consider most of them
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">incertae sedis</emphasis>
in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Formicidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
<bibRefCitation author="Bolton, B" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" publicationUrl="http://antcat.org" refId="B2" refString="Bolton, B, 2021. An online catalog of the ants of the world. http://antcat.org" title="An online catalog of the ants of the world." url="http://antcat.org" year="2021">Bolton (2021)</bibRefCitation>
agreed with
<bibRefCitation author="Handlirsch, A" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" publicationUrl="https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/7/73/Handlirsch_1907.pdf" refId="B22" refString="Handlirsch, A, 1907. Die Fossilen Insekten und die Phylogenie der Rezenten Formen. Ein Handbuch fuer Palaeontologen und Zoologen. Lieferung 6. Wilhelm Engelman Preuss. (Leipzig): 801-960. https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/7/73/Handlirsch_1907.pdf" title="Die Fossilen Insekten und die Phylogenie der Rezenten Formen. Ein Handbuch fuer Palaeontologen und Zoologen. Lieferung 6. Wilhelm Engelman Preuss. (Leipzig): 801 - 960." url="https://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/7/73/Handlirsch_1907.pdf" year="1907">Handlirsch (1907)</bibRefCitation>
and excluded
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. nigra" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Presl, 1822,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. gibbosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. gibbosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Presl, 1822 and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. parvula" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. parvula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Presl, 1822 from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It is unclear why
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. luteola" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. luteola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Presl, 1822,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. trigona" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigona">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. trigona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Presl, 1822 and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. macrognatha" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrognatha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. macrognatha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Presl, 1822 were not excluded. These species do not belong to the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for the following reasons.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
The body length of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. luteola" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. luteola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is ca. 3.2 mm (too small for
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the body is light yellow (
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Flavescenti-alba”">&quot;Flavescenti-alba&quot;</normalizedToken>
) and the head is rounded and somewhat cordate (&quot;Caput rotundatum, fere cordatum&quot;). These features are not known to be present in either extant or extinct
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. trigona" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigona">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. trigona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also too small for
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(ca. 2.5 mm) with a triangular head (&quot;Caput trigonium&quot;) and long antennae (&quot;antennae longitudine capitis et thoracis&quot;). These features raise doubts that this species should even be included to the family
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Formicidae</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. macrognatha" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrognatha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. macrognatha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also quite small (ca. 3.7 mm), with short legs (&quot;Pedes breves&quot;), and its head is large and triangular (
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Caput…">&quot;Caput...</normalizedToken>
magnum, trigonum&quot;), precluding its placement in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="237">
Our data also confirm the exclusion of the following species from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. nigra" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. parvula" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. parvula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are too small, with body lengths of 2.1 and 1.5 mm, respectively.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. gibbosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. gibbosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is too large: ca. 10.5 mm, its head is ovoid (
<normalizedToken originalValue="“ovoideum”">&quot;ovoideum&quot;</normalizedToken>
) and the mesosoma is extremely elevated (&quot;Thorax ovoideus, eximie elevates&quot;). And, based on the original description,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. quadrata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">F. quadrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Holl, 1829 cannot be unambiguously assigned to any ant genus, and we agree with its exclusion from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="237" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="237">Formica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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