244 lines
28 KiB
XML
244 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="1114B4D1BB000CE94C1B3E85DA49618D" ID-CLB-Dataset="46982" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.199681" ID-GBIF-Dataset="62e1623e-d85e-46ea-8edf-6cb01d7c88eb" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="199681" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460343126729" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Blaimer, Bonnie B." docDate="2010" docId="6516CC460D1AFFFBFF7A8AB660C866B1" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02714p039.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2714" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Crematogaster sabatra Blaimer, 2010, NEW SPECIES" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="992FB43E0D01FFE7FFED8A216475640D" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and Natural History of the Crematogaster (Decacrema) - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1732492176645" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1F3E71C1D0B59278A294156D9F43390F">Taxonomy and Natural History of the Crematogaster (Decacrema) - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Madagascar</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="90931E54B58A4B006195F9409B23351B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A45C1918E057673446C4DFC131C56782">Blaimer, Bonnie B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C58C9329D62FE80631DA61993EF1AC1E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4ACA88217EEAFBBAEC05C8DF560EDA5D">
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<mods:date id="1391F9DB42697F87BEF715A17249CD93">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DEEFC1A7E5FEFC49C0EA703192E31173">2714</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="96078918E1E076F46496DE8E5CB264CB" type="CLB-Dataset">46982</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CF69D9B9544B7441D227AC9962863D21" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.199681</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CD1A3038A77B7C06A43A1745D1F73F22" type="Zenodo-Dep">199681</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6516CC460D1AFFFBFF7A8AB660C866B1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6199380" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119406767" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6199380" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6516CC460D1AFFFBFF7A8AB660C866B1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6516CC460D1AFFFBFF7A8AB660C866B1" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" scope_family="Formicidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera">
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<subSubSection id="A5A52EDB0D1AFFFCFF7A8AB6653564D9" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D1AFFFCFF7A8AB6660D64BC" blockId="27.[151,632,151,212]" box="[151,632,151,177]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<heading id="B648CA3C0D1AFFFCFF7A8AB6660D64BC" bold="true" box="[151,632,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFF7A8AB6660D64BC" bold="true" box="[151,632,151,177]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1AFFFCFF7A8AB665DF64BC" ID-CoL="CLMPF" box="[151,426,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sabatra" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFF7A8AB665DF64BC" bold="true" box="[151,426,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Crematogaster sabatra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="C4F81C390D1AFFFCFE5D8AB6660D64BC" box="[432,632,151,177]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">NEW SPECIES</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D1AFFFCFF7A8A9B653564D9" blockId="27.[151,632,151,212]" box="[151,320,186,212]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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(
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<figureCitation id="758461D50D1AFFFCFF728A9B648664D9" box="[159,243,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 37" captionStartId="29.[151,270,1974,1998]" captionTargetBox="[190,1397,196,1939]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[179,1407,166,1953]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 37. Malagasy Crematogaster (Decacrema) species; a: full-face view, b: lateral view, c: dorsal view. 32: C. nosibeensis; 33: C. sisa; 34: C. sabatra; 35: C. mahery; 36: C. malala; 37: C. grevei." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199685/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
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&
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<figureCitation id="758461D50D1AFFFCFEF48A9B654D64D9" box="[281,312,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 38 – 43" captionStartId="30.[151,270,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[221,1364,193,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[200,1385,164,1882]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 38 – 43. Malagasy Crematogaster (Decacrema) species; a: petiole & postpetiole in dorsal view, b: petiole & postpetiole in lateral view. 38: C. nosibeensis; 39: C. sisa, 40: C. sabatra; 41: C. mahery; 42: C. malala; 43: C. grevei." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199686/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">40</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A5A52EDB0D1AFFFCFF7A8B24615B6662" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D1AFFFCFF7A8B24658F6567" blockId="27.[151,1437,261,2004]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFF7A8B2465056512" bold="true" box="[151,368,261,287]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<typeStatus id="3204C3F20D1AFFFCFF7A8B24657C6512" box="[151,265,261,287]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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worker.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="95A83DC00D1AFFFCFE9A8B2466386512" box="[375,589,261,287]" name="Madagascar" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
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: P.N. Befotaka–Midongy, -23.84080, 46.95750,
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<quantity id="2A47D0B50D1AFFFCFB698B2460AD6512" box="[1156,1240,261,287]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="1250.0">1250m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="99015B900D1AFFFCFB098B2461E26512" box="[1252,1431,261,287]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2006-11-17" valueMax="2006-11-19" valueMin="2006-11-17">17.–19.xi.2006</date>
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, beating low vegetation, montane rainforest, B.L.Fisher
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFCC98B0B672A654E" box="[804,863,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
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#15075 (CASENT0193162, specimen image on antweb) (deposited in
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<collectionCode id="8BAEE5950D1AFFFCFE718B71659B6567" box="[412,494,336,362]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">CASC</collectionCode>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D1AFFFCFF2B8B5465B565D7" blockId="27.[151,1437,261,2004]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFF2B8B54653E6582" bold="true" box="[198,331,373,399]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<typeStatus id="3204C3F20D1AFFFCFF2B8B5465336582" box="[198,326,373,399]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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4w, same locality as
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<typeStatus id="3204C3F20D1AFFFCFD6F8B5466996582" box="[642,748,373,399]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, ex dead branch above ground (B.L.Fisher #15066, CASENT0193541, CASENT0193554, CASENT0193553 and CASENT0193552) (deposited in
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<collectionCode id="8BAEE5950D1AFFFCFAD38BBB61ED65B9" box="[1342,1432,410,436]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">MCZC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="8BAEE5950D1AFFFCFF7A8BE1649865D7" box="[151,237,448,474]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">SAMC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="8BAEE5950D1AFFFCFF158BE1652465D7" box="[248,337,448,474]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">MHNG</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="8BAEE5950D1AFFFCFEB08BE165C165D7" box="[349,436,448,474]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kd99-229r" name="R. M. Bohart Museum of Entomology" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">UCDC</collectionCode>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D1AFFFCFF2B8BC4615B6662" blockId="27.[151,1437,261,2004]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFF2B8BC465C865F2" bold="true" box="[198,445,485,511]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Material examined.</emphasis>
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(
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<collectionCode id="8BAEE5950D1AFFFCFE3D8BC4665565F2" box="[464,544,485,511]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">CASC</collectionCode>
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)
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<collectingCountry id="95A83DC00D1AFFFCFDDF8BC4677265F2" box="[562,775,485,511]" name="Madagascar" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
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:
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFCF98BC467C865F3" box="[788,957,485,510]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fianarantsoa:</emphasis>
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<quantity id="2A47D0B50D1AFFFCFC258BC4607E65F2" box="[968,1035,485,511]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="km" value="29.0">29km</quantity>
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SSW Ambositra, Ankazomivady [=P.C. Ankazomivady]: -20.77667, 47.16500,
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<quantity id="2A47D0B50D1AFFFCFD21882B67556629" box="[716,800,522,548]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700m</quantity>
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(B.L.Fisher);
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<quantity id="2A47D0B50D1AFFFCFC3D882B60616629" box="[976,1044,522,548]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="km" value="40.0">40km</quantity>
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S Ambalavao, Rés. Andringitra (=P.N. Andringitra): -22.21667, 46.96667,
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<quantity id="2A47D0B50D1AFFFCFD4C881166806647" box="[673,757,560,586]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.275" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="1275.0">1275m</quantity>
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(B.L.Fisher); R.S. Kalambatritra: -23.46350, 46.46310,
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<quantity id="2A47D0B50D1AFFFCFF7A8874649C6662" box="[151,233,597,623]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="1270.0">1270m</quantity>
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||
(B.L.Fisher
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFE93887465CD6663" box="[382,440,597,622]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
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); P.N. Befotaka-Midongy: -23.84080, 46.95750,
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<quantity id="2A47D0B50D1AFFFCFC16887460386662" box="[1019,1101,597,623]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="1250.0">1250m</quantity>
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(B.L.Fisher
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFB0F887461686663" box="[1250,1309,597,622]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A5A52EDB0D1AFFFCFF2B885B60FD6252" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D1AFFFCFF2B885B65BA6709" blockId="27.[151,1437,261,2004]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFF2B885B65916699" bold="true" box="[198,484,634,660]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Worker measurements</emphasis>
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(n=10). HW 1.15–1.31; HL 1.03–1.15; EL 0.26–0.30; SL 0.86–0.98; WL 1.20– 1.34; SPL 0.27–0.42; PTH 0.22–0.25; PTL 0.29–0.38; PTW 0.32–0.37; PPL 0.20–0.23; PPW 0.28–0.31; LHT 0.96–1.10; CI 1.09–1.15; OI 0.23–0.28; SI 0.84–0.88; SPI 0.22–0.33; PTHI 0.60–0.84; PTWI 0.89–1.26; PPI 1.31–1.52; LBI 1.16–1.24.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D1AFFFCFF2B892E60F86727" blockId="27.[151,1437,261,2004]" box="[198,1165,783,810]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFF2B892E65B66724" bold="true" box="[198,451,783,809]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Worker description.</emphasis>
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Large to very large species (HW 1.15–1.31,WL 1.20–1.34).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D1AFFFCFF288914661D6797" blockId="27.[151,1437,261,2004]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Masticatory margin of mandibles with 5 teeth; posterior margin of head straight, laterally forming subangular corners; antennal scapes surpassing posterior margin of head easily; midline of eyes situated well above midline of head in full face view.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D1AFFFCFF288984649F60E7" blockId="27.[151,1437,261,2004]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Pronotum laterally angular; promesonotal suture usually incomplete, impressed only laterally; dorsum of promesonotum more or less flat in lateral view; antero-medial portion of mesonotum from slightly raised to prominently raised with respect to pronotum, but not tuberculate; dorsal face of mesonotum flat, lateral portion from broadly to sharply angular; mesonotum postero-laterally angular or tuberculate, and with a distinct posterior face; propodeal spines massive, medium to large size (SPI 0.22–0.33), at least longer than width between their bases, evenly tapering, in lateral profile fairly straight, in dorsal view moderately diverging (<30˚); petiole in dorsal view hexagonal, not lobed, lacking carinae or tubercule; dorsum of petiole flat; subpetiolar process variable, articulated as broadly rounded or angular antero-ventral tooth, or close to absent.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D1AFFFCFF288ED4605761C7" blockId="27.[151,1437,261,2004]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Head sculpture aciculate to reticulate; mesosoma with mesopleuron partly aciculate, partly reticulate, and metapleuron carinulate to costulate; dorsal face of propodeum costulate; posterior face largely smooth and shiny; otherwise mesosoma largely aciculate, or aciculate-reticulate; dorsal face of petiole mostly shiny; lateral and ventral face coarsely reticulate; postpetiole dorsally feebly, ventrally more strongly rugulose; helcium carinulate; face with 4-6 erect setae; promesonotum with 2 erect humeral setae and sometimes 2 erect setae laterally on mesonotum; petiole and postpetiole devoid of erect pilosity.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D1AFFFCFF288FF4661461E2" blockId="27.[151,1437,261,2004]" box="[197,609,1493,1519]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Colour mostly black, rarely brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D1AFFFCFF2B8FDB60FD6252" blockId="27.[151,1437,261,2004]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFF2B8FDB65346219" bold="true" box="[198,321,1530,1556]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Variation.</emphasis>
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Populations from P.N. Andringitra and P.C. Ankazomivady show a mostly reticulate sculpturing on the head and on parts of the promesonotum, in contrast to the aciculate sculpture of workers collected from the southern localities R.S. Kalambatritra and P.N. Befotaka–Midongy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="A5A52EDB0D1AFFFBFF2B8C4B65FD64DA" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
|
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D1AFFFCFF2B8C4B61E863D9" blockId="27.[151,1437,261,2004]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFF2B8C4B65206289" bold="true" box="[198,341,1642,1668]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Comments.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1AFFFCFEB08C4A661B6289" box="[349,622,1643,1668]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sabatra">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFEB08C4A661B6289" box="[349,622,1643,1668]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Crematogaster sabatra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is very closely related to the
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<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1AFFFCFC218C4A605D6289" box="[972,1064,1643,1668]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hova">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFC218C4A605D6289" box="[972,1064,1643,1668]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C. hova</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-complex, from which it can be distinguished by size, the angular postero-lateral character of the mesonotum and the reduced sculpture. The species is further morphologically similar to
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<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1AFFFCFD5A8C94674162C3" box="[695,820,1717,1742]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mahery">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFD5A8C94674162C3" box="[695,820,1717,1742]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C. mahery</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; characters to separate these two species are given above (see description of
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<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1AFFFCFE218CFA663C62F9" box="[460,585,1755,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mahery">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFE218CFA663C62F9" box="[460,585,1755,1780]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C. mahery</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA data support populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1AFFFCFA6D8CFA64836314" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sabatra">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFA6D8CFA64836314" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C. sabatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from all localities as being conspecific. However, in phylogenetic analysis specimens from the sampled populations (P.N. Andringitra, P.C. Ankazomivady and P.N. Befotaka–Midongy) form a cluster within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1AFFFCFEF48D6A65036369" box="[281,374,1867,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hova">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFEF48D6A65036369" box="[281,374,1867,1892]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C. hova</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex, rendering the latter a paraphyletic grouping. The speciation event between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1AFFFCFA6C8D6A64846384" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sabatra">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFA6C8D6A64846384" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C. sabatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1AFFFCFEBA8D5165E56384" box="[343,400,1904,1929]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hova">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFEBA8D5165E56384" box="[343,400,1904,1929]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">hova</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex thus may have been very recent and reciprocal monophyly is not yet reached, at least in the markers implemented in this study. Considering the sympatry of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1AFFFCFBAB8DB460B663A3" box="[1094,1219,1941,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sabatra">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFBAB8DB460B663A3" box="[1094,1219,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C. sabatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1AFFFCFAD88DB461E763A3" box="[1333,1426,1941,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hova">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1AFFFCFAD88DB461E763A3" box="[1333,1426,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C. hova</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- complex across its entire distribution, strong reproductive isolating mechanisms must already be in place.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="ED007D500D1DFFFBFF7A8AB965FD64DA" blockId="28.[151,1436,152,700]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
This, together with the morphological distinctness, is here regarded as sufficient evidence to describe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1DFFFBFA6D8AB9648464DB" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sabatra">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1DFFFBFA6D8AB9648464DB" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. sabatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A5A52EDB0D1DFFFBFF2B8AC3666F667F" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="ED007D500D1DFFFBFF2B8AC3666F667F" blockId="28.[151,1436,152,700]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1DFFFBFF2B8AC3658864F1" bold="true" box="[198,509,226,252]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Distribution and biology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1DFFFBFDE98AC3676164F6" box="[516,788,226,251]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sabatra">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1DFFFBFDE98AC3676164F6" box="[516,788,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Crematogaster sabatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from a few localities in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="95A83DC00D1DFFFBFB318AC3611B64F1" box="[1244,1390,226,252]" name="Madagascar" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
: the P.N. Andringitra, P.C. Ankazomivady, P.N. Befotaka–Midongy and R.S. Kalambatritra (
|
||
<figureCitation id="758461D50D1DFFFBFB498B26608C652C" box="[1188,1273,263,289]" captionStart="FIGURES 58 – 61" captionStartId="34.[151,272,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[288,1295,204,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[281,1306,194,1931]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURES 58 – 61. Distributions of Malagasy Crematogaster (Decacrema). 58: C. sabatra; 59: C. sisa; 60: C. hovacomplex, entire distribution; 61: C. hova- complex morphotype 1." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199690/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1DFFFBFB498B26608C652C" bold="true" box="[1188,1273,263,289]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 58</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). All of these localities are mountainous regions in the Central Region and harbour mid-elevation to montane rainforest, very much reminiscent of the distributions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1DFFFBFD278B73673F6566" box="[714,842,338,363]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mahery">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1DFFFBFD278B73673F6566" box="[714,842,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. mahery</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1DFFFBFC6B8B73678A6566" box="[902,1023,338,363]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malala">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1DFFFBFC6B8B73678A6566" box="[902,1023,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. malala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1DFFFBFBE28B73615F6566" box="[1039,1322,338,363]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sabatra">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1DFFFBFBE28B73615F6566" box="[1039,1322,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Crematogaster sabatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been collected only from elevations of
|
||
<quantity id="2A47D0B50D1DFFFBFDC18B5966F2659F" box="[556,647,376,402]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1250.0">1250 m</quantity>
|
||
and above (up to
|
||
<quantity id="2A47D0B50D1DFFFBFC8C8B5967CD659F" box="[865,952,376,402]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700m</quantity>
|
||
). I surmise that this may be the result of competitive exclusion by the dominant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1DFFFBFD9D8BBC66BB65BB" box="[624,718,413,438]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hova">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1DFFFBFD9D8BBC66BB65BB" box="[624,718,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. hova</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex, which is very common at lower elevations in and around these regions, but far less abundant at higher elevations. Queens or males of this species have never been collected, and little information exists on its ecology. Fisher
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1DFFFBFC798BC967BB660C" box="[916,974,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
have collected
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1DFFFBFB6E8BC9608B660C" box="[1155,1278,488,513]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sabatra">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1DFFFBFB6E8BC9608B660C" box="[1155,1278,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. sabatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mostly while beating vegetation and during other ground sampling methods. On a few occasions colonies were found in dead branches or twigs and carton nests. It seems likely that it shares a very similar arboreal lifestyle as the rest of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="95A83DC00D1DFFFBFEFE887965F0667F" box="[275,389,600,626]" name="Madagascar" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Malagasy</collectingCountry>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1DFFFBFE6188796667667C" box="[396,530,600,625]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Decacrema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1DFFFBFE6188796667667C" box="[396,530,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Decacrema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A5A52EDB0D1DFFFBFF2B885C60C866B1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="ED007D500D1DFFFBFF2B885C60C866B1" blockId="28.[151,1436,152,700]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D1DFFFBFF2B885C6526669A" bold="true" box="[198,339,637,663]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1DFFFBFE8B885C65B6669A" box="[358,451,637,663]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sabatra">Sabatra</taxonomicName>
|
||
” is the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="95A83DC00D1DFFFBFDF3885C66E5669A" box="[542,656,637,663]" name="Madagascar" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Malagasy</collectingCountry>
|
||
word for “sword”, naming the species after its workers’ long and sword-like propodeal spines. In this combination “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D1DFFFBFD088883674866B1" box="[741,829,674,700]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sabatra">sabatra</taxonomicName>
|
||
” is used as a noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |