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<document id="F6096A416059863848A0E0176EB7441C" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5375097" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5375097" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630277509391" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Karatajūtē-Talimaa, Valentina &amp; Märss, Tiiu" docDate="2002" docId="AB0B878D0F64FFD98012FA45B34820BD" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.2002.24.2.405-443.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 24 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EA833BFD04EE0E3F39962C07E351CEA5.3:Geodiversitas.2000-2008.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EA833BFD04EE0E3F39962C07E351CEA5" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2000-2008.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Thelodus matukhini Karatajūtē-Talimaa &amp; Märss 2002, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="437" masterDocId="5732FFF50F7AFFF88351FFEDB201205D" masterDocTitle="Upper Silurian thelodonts from Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago (Russia)" masterLastPageNumber="443" masterPageNumber="405" pageNumber="435" updateTime="1699210831718" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
<mods:mods id="226CCC4EBB95408B720A934C6B084A37" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="80676785D19D1B41FE0E62846749603D">
<mods:title id="FFA8822511B9101ECBA26BC3E51259AD">Upper Silurian thelodonts from Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago (Russia)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="1B18EC030AD8E130E7952A7AEF0C3FDD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="EAC628A361F01D5D06B21BE1FD47E3AD">
<mods:roleTerm id="28D77EE5B508EDA73B01D7CE28E742D1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="05F66A329D0EF56ACE36A725B7CC2D06">Karatajūtē-Talimaa, Valentina</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FF03B55A77B1D61594B8F129B424FFDD">Institute of Geology of Lithuania, S ˘ evc enkos 13, Vilnius LR 2600 (Lithuania) vtalimaa @ takas. lt</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A2F39BA3C1D1B5235DC9F146170FC1FA" type="email">vtalimaa@takas.lt</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5D1AA89E925279485EBA072208BA60EF" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E569B3DB344F522B98329B0ADBAA5709">
<mods:roleTerm id="ED414187F70A84193DF8010FB40888C2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="FCE8C58309125F831AC4FD5C3F38BBA6">Märss, Tiiu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3ADCC2989B72C241C3018CA27B04A2E1">Institute of Geology, Tallinn Technical University, 7 Estonia Avenue, Tallinn 10143 (Estonia) marss @ gi. ee Thelodonts have been found in the Bol’shaya, Matusevich, Obryvistaya, Pod ” emnaya, Spokojnaya, Ushakov rivers and Cape October sections of October Revolution Island, and Komsomolets and Pioneer islands sections, Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago, Russia. Two new families, one new genus and six new species belonging to the orders Katoporida and Thelodontida are described from the Upper Silurian. Seven taxa are re-described. Scattered scales of Loganellia cuneata (Gross, 1947), Paralogania ex gr. martinssoni (Gross, 1967), Paralogania menneri n. sp., Valiukia flabellata n. gen., n. sp., Phlebolepis elegans Pander, 1856, Thelodus visvaldi n. sp., Thelodus matukhini n. sp., Thelodus ex gr. schmidti (Pander, 1856), Thelodus sp. indet. and Lanarkia? sp. are characteristic for the Ludlow part of the sequence (Ust-Spokojnaya Formation of October Revolution Island and its analogue on Pioneer and Komsomolets islands). Thelodus parvidens (?), Loganellia cuneata, Paralogania wilsoni n. sp., P. kachanovi n. sp., Paralogania sp. cf. P. borealis (Karatajūtē-Talimaa, 1978), Goniporus alatus (Gross, 1947) and Nikolivia elongata Karatajūtē-Talimaa, 1978 are distributed in the sections of Krasnaya Bukhta Formation on October Revolution Island and coeval strata of Pioneer Island (Pridoli). Thelodus visvaldi n. sp. is also present in Wenlock of Pioneer Island.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="036883BB98F07ED72A935BA84F1E1FCA" type="email">marss@gi.ee</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="CC4A3999F4AB8C52DAFDE948A6DCFF11">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="CD669AD2F294EF64987EA67FCC492D76" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="4CA4C1AAD3A2E3D4BE04884B01131920">
<mods:title id="3898E600FEB5EB84F90A677BB4DEB70B">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="F295BEE616830E8157C23AB844066E13">
<mods:date id="C62BCB276C0DC5E9CD16AF62DCDFFB94">2002</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="91507C85E469C1AD6773E60804F13FBB" type="volume">
<mods:number id="8DA14596B7F8F768785B1F9A3AC8C1E5">24</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="0089D67B68362ECED431F8955C5CA7B2" type="issue">
<mods:number id="D53468D3E8D08E7B22C867D6CD18CBAE">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="C891D7AB3FA98224F29816C4D20A9AB3" unit="page">
<mods:start id="DCE06460CEF6B15CE1AFD1093DD46164">405</mods:start>
<mods:end id="3F7E758C13A3A48EB8BCBA02514CBD61">443</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="A8F05193E19723C7C5C6AEA3A8FCF819">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="8466D2600EA2517B1D74BA7B2AD82B64" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5375097</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D92854640C1A0161AAF8CF092AF5322E" type="ISSN">1638-9395</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="05B5AEE72670D2041FF8FC9A690691F9" type="Zenodo-Dep">5375097</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="AB0B878D0F64FFD98012FA45B34820BD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AB0B878D0F64FFD98012FA45B34820BD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB0B878D0F64FFD98012FA45B34820BD" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="437" pageId="30" pageNumber="435">
<subSubSection id="6BB865100F64FFE68012FA45B62425BC" pageId="30" pageNumber="435" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="231D369B0F64FFE68012FA45B62425BC" blockId="30.[835,1126,1448,1505]" pageId="30" pageNumber="435">
<taxonomicName id="E4A24D180F64FFE68012FA45B624259D" authority="Karatajūtē-Talimaa &amp; Märss, 2002" authorityName="Karatajūtē-Talimaa &amp; Märss" authorityYear="2002" box="[835,1061,1448,1472]" class="Pteraspidomorphi" family="Loganelliidae" genus="Thelodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phlebolepidiformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="435" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="matukhini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F64FFE68012FA45B624259D" bold="true" box="[835,1061,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="435">Thelodus matukhini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0AE557F20F64FFE6877DFA44B667259D" box="[1068,1126,1449,1472]" pageId="30" pageNumber="435" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F64FFE680DAFA25B1CE25BC" box="[907,975,1480,1505]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[151,162,1543,1560]" captionTargetBox="[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-176@4.[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 2. — A-I, Thelodus matukhini n. sp., scales in crown view; A, LIG 35-859; B, holotype, LIG 35-860; C, LIG 35-861; D, LIG 35- 862; E, Pi 7552; F, Pi 7550; G, Pi 7547; H, Pi 7551; I, Pi 7557; A-D, sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; E-I, sample MF 34-1, cape October (Octyabrskij), October Revolution Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; J-Q, Loganellia cuneata (Gross, 1947); J, L, O-Q, scales in crown view; K, M, scales in oblique lateral crown view; N, a scale in lateral view; J-Q, LIG 35-863- LIG 35-870; sample 2-23, Matusevich River, October Revolution Island, Ust-Spokojnaya Formation, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bars: A, C, E-H, J-P, 0.1 mm; B, D, I, Q, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375101/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="435">Figs 2</figureCitation>
A-I; 20)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6BB865100F64FFE6819BF9FCB6B2267A" box="[714,1203,1552,1575]" pageId="30" pageNumber="435" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="231D369B0F64FFE6819BF9FCB6B2267A" blockId="30.[714,1248,1552,1664]" box="[714,1203,1552,1575]" pageId="30" pageNumber="435">
<typeStatus id="FC1988390F64FFE6819BF9FCB139267B" box="[714,824,1553,1574]" pageId="30" pageNumber="435" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
. — Trunk scale LIG 35-860 (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F64FFE6870CF9FCB6A9267A" box="[1117,1192,1553,1575]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[151,162,1543,1560]" captionTargetBox="[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-176@4.[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 2. — A-I, Thelodus matukhini n. sp., scales in crown view; A, LIG 35-859; B, holotype, LIG 35-860; C, LIG 35-861; D, LIG 35- 862; E, Pi 7552; F, Pi 7550; G, Pi 7547; H, Pi 7551; I, Pi 7557; A-D, sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; E-I, sample MF 34-1, cape October (Octyabrskij), October Revolution Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; J-Q, Loganellia cuneata (Gross, 1947); J, L, O-Q, scales in crown view; K, M, scales in oblique lateral crown view; N, a scale in lateral view; J-Q, LIG 35-863- LIG 35-870; sample 2-23, Matusevich River, October Revolution Island, Ust-Spokojnaya Formation, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bars: A, C, E-H, J-P, 0.1 mm; B, D, I, Q, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375101/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="435">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6BB865100F64FFE6819BF9D5B6B82622" pageId="30" pageNumber="435" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="231D369B0F64FFE6819BF9D5B6B82622" blockId="30.[714,1248,1552,1664]" pageId="30" pageNumber="435">
ETYMOLOGY. — Named in honour of Dr. R. G. Matukhin (
<collectingRegion id="E166F8790F64FFE68180F9BDB14C263B" box="[721,845,1616,1638]" country="Russia" name="Novosibirsk" pageId="30" pageNumber="435">Novosibirsk</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="5BB5760B0F64FFE68006F9BDB198263B" box="[855,921,1616,1638]" name="Russia" pageId="30" pageNumber="435">Russia</collectingCountry>
), researcher of Severnaya Zemlya and participant of the field work to the region in 1978.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="77DD66130F65FFE783C6F9DCB2DC26DF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375137" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5375137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375137/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="436" startId="31.[151,162,1585,1602]" targetBox="[204,1218,180,1505]" targetPageId="31">
<paragraph id="231D369B0F65FFE783C6F9DCB2DC26DF" blockId="31.[151,1249,1585,1666]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">
FIG. 20. —
<taxonomicName id="E4A24D180F65FFE783A7F9DCB39B261F" authority="Karatajūtē-Talimaa &amp; Märss, 2002" authorityName="Karatajūtē-Talimaa &amp; Märss" authorityYear="2002" box="[246,410,1585,1602]" class="Pteraspidomorphi" family="Loganelliidae" genus="Thelodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phlebolepidiformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="436" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="matukhini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE783A7F9DCB39B261F" box="[246,410,1585,1602]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">Thelodus matukhini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0AE557F20F65FFE782F0F9DCB3D4261F" box="[417,469,1585,1602]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, morphological set of scales;
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE78182F9DCB0F4261F" bold="true" box="[723,757,1585,1602]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">A -C</emphasis>
, head scales;
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE78022F9DCB197261F" bold="true" box="[883,918,1585,1602]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">D -G</emphasis>
, transitional scales;
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE78717F9DCB666261F" bold="true" box="[1094,1127,1585,1602]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">H -S</emphasis>
, trunk scales;
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE783C6F9AAB2A32605" bold="true" box="[151,162,1607,1624]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">T</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE783FFF9AAB3112605" box="[174,272,1607,1624]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">pugniformis</emphasis>
-type of the scale;
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE782E3F9AAB3D52605" bold="true" box="[434,468,1607,1624]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">A -C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE7828EF9AAB3F42600" bold="true" box="[479,501,1607,1629]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">
D
<subScript id="BF2634DE0F65FFE782BCF9BDB3F42600" attach="left" box="[493,501,1616,1629]" fontSize="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE78150F9AAB0232605" bold="true" box="[513,546,1607,1624]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">E -H</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE7817FF9AAB03A2600" bold="true" box="[558,571,1607,1629]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">
I
<subScript id="BF2634DE0F65FFE78162F9BDB03A2600" attach="left" box="[563,571,1616,1629]" fontSize="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE78116F9AAB0692605" bold="true" box="[583,616,1607,1624]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">J -O</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE78122F9AAB0862600" bold="true" box="[627,647,1607,1629]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">
P
<subScript id="BF2634DE0F65FFE7812EF9BDB0862600" attach="left" box="[639,647,1616,1629]" fontSize="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">2</subScript>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE781C2F9AAB0A32605" bold="true" box="[659,674,1607,1624]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">Q</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE781FCF9AAB0C22600" bold="true" box="[685,707,1607,1629]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">
R
<subScript id="BF2634DE0F65FFE781EAF9BDB0C22600" attach="right" box="[699,707,1616,1629]" fontSize="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">2</subScript>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE7819FF9AAB0DB2605" bold="true" box="[718,730,1607,1624]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">S</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE781B7F9AAB0FB2600" bold="true" box="[742,762,1607,1629]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">
T
<subScript id="BF2634DE0F65FFE781A3F9BDB0FB2600" attach="right" box="[754,762,1616,1629]" fontSize="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
, scales in crown view;
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE78093F9AAB1D92600" bold="true" box="[962,984,1607,1629]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">
D
<subScript id="BF2634DE0F65FFE78081F9BDB1D92600" attach="left" box="[976,984,1616,1629]" fontSize="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">2</subScript>
</emphasis>
, scale in base view;
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE787DAF9AAB6982600" bold="true" box="[1163,1177,1607,1629]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">
I
<subScript id="BF2634DE0F65FFE787C0F9BDB6982600" attach="left" box="[1169,1177,1616,1629]" fontSize="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">2</subScript>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE787F5F9AAB6B82600" bold="true" box="[1188,1209,1607,1629]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">
P
<subScript id="BF2634DE0F65FFE787E0F9BDB6B82600" attach="right" box="[1201,1209,1616,1629]" fontSize="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE78795F9AAB6DB2600" bold="true" box="[1220,1242,1607,1629]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">
R
<subScript id="BF2634DE0F65FFE78783F9BDB6DB2600" attach="right" box="[1234,1242,1616,1629]" fontSize="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F65FFE783C6F9B1B2AB262E" bold="true" box="[151,170,1628,1651]" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">
T
<subScript id="BF2634DE0F65FFE783F3F98BB2AB262E" attach="left" box="[162,170,1638,1651]" fontSize="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="436">2</subScript>
</emphasis>
, scales in lateral view; LIG 35-281-LIG 35-300; sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bar: 0.3 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="6BB865100F5AFFD883C6FF45B01B219D" pageId="32" pageNumber="437" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="231D369B0F5AFFD883C6FF45B38D20AD" blockId="32.[151,685,168,792]" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">
<collectionCode id="45B3AE5E0F5AFFD883C6FF45B3B320E0" box="[151,434,168,189]" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">TYPE LOCALITY AND AGE</collectionCode>
. — Sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago, Ludlow, Upper Silurian.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="231D369B0F5AFFD883C6FEEEB318216F" blockId="32.[151,685,168,792]" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">MATERIAL EXAMINED. — About 200 scales of good preservation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="231D369B0F5AFFD883C6FEA8B01B219D" blockId="32.[151,685,168,792]" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">
OCCURRENCE. — Samples 18041-14, Komsomolets Island;
<taxonomicName id="E4A24D180F5AFFD883B4FEB3B384212E" box="[229,389,350,371]" class="Actinopterygii" genus="Andreolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Palaeonisciformes" pageId="32" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F5AFFD883B4FEB3B35E212E" box="[229,351,350,371]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Andreolepis</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="E4A24D180F5AFFD882C4FEB3B0712129" authority="Gross, 1968" authorityName="Gross" authorityYear="1968" box="[405,624,350,372]" class="Actinopterygii" genus="Andreolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Palaeonisciformes" pageId="32" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hedei">
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F5AFFD882C4FEB3B3A7212E" box="[405,422,350,371]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F5AFFD882E5FEB3B3EA212E" box="[436,491,350,371]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">hedei</emphasis>
Gross, 1968
</taxonomicName>
most probably) in this sample allows the age determination as Ludlow without any doubt; MF 34-1, Cape October area, Ludlow, Upper Silurian.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6BB865100F5AFFD883C6FE3EB3B42345" pageId="32" pageNumber="437" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="231D369B0F5AFFD883C6FE3EB3B42345" blockId="32.[151,685,168,792]" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">
DIAGNOSIS. — Medium-sized scales (length
<quantity id="E45A9B7E0F5AFFD881D3FE3EB2E8225C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="32" pageNumber="437" unit="mm" value="1.05" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.9">0.9- 1.2 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="E45A9B7E0F5AFFD8826DFE01B3B9225C" box="[316,440,492,514]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="437" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.5">0.5-0.7 mm</quantity>
; the length of smallest scales
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). Head scales oval, with smooth and flat surface; their margins are sometimes crenulated. Transitional and trunk scales oval or rhomboidal. Crown surface is ridged, sometimes with longitudinal grooves with elevated spiny posterior apex. The base is not very high; it protrudes as a narrow strip behind the crown. Pulp opening large. A comparatively high neck is developed only in a few scales. Fine vertical ridgelets of the postero-lateral neck walls are present in very rare scales. Morphological set includes trilobatiform and pugniform scales.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6BB865100F5AFFD983C6FCAAB34820BD" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="438" pageId="32" pageNumber="437" type="description">
<paragraph id="231D369B0F5AFFD883C6FCAAB3292302" blockId="32.[151,685,839,1664]" box="[151,296,839,865]" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="231D369B0F5AFFD883C6FC85B14624FC" blockId="32.[151,685,839,1664]" lastBlockId="32.[714,1248,168,1192]" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">
Head scales are represented by those with oval and rhomboidal configuration and smooth surface of the crown (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD88220FC45B3F9239C" box="[369,504,936,961]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1585,1602]" captionTargetBox="[204,1218,180,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-135@31.[188,1245,174,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 20. — Thelodus matukhini n. sp., morphological set of scales; A-C, head scales; D-G, transitional scales; H-S, trunk scales; T, pugniformis-type of the scale; A-C, D1, E-H, I1, J-O, P2, Q, R2, S, T1, scales in crown view; D2, scale in base view; I2, P1, R1, T2, scales in lateral view; LIG 35-281-LIG 35-300; sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bar: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375137/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Fig. 20B, C</figureCitation>
), some of them having slightly crenulated margins (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD88166FC25B0A023BC" box="[567,673,968,993]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1585,1602]" captionTargetBox="[204,1218,180,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-135@31.[188,1245,174,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 20. — Thelodus matukhini n. sp., morphological set of scales; A-C, head scales; D-G, transitional scales; H-S, trunk scales; T, pugniformis-type of the scale; A-C, D1, E-H, I1, J-O, P2, Q, R2, S, T1, scales in crown view; D2, scale in base view; I2, P1, R1, T2, scales in lateral view; LIG 35-281-LIG 35-300; sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bar: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375137/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Fig. 20A</figureCitation>
). The base is rather low and forms a wall around large pulp opening. Rhomboidal head scales (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD883CEFBC5B301241C" box="[159,256,1064,1089]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1585,1602]" captionTargetBox="[204,1218,180,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-135@31.[188,1245,174,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 20. — Thelodus matukhini n. sp., morphological set of scales; A-C, head scales; D-G, transitional scales; H-S, trunk scales; T, pugniformis-type of the scale; A-C, D1, E-H, I1, J-O, P2, Q, R2, S, T1, scales in crown view; D2, scale in base view; I2, P1, R1, T2, scales in lateral view; LIG 35-281-LIG 35-300; sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bar: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375137/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Fig. 20C</figureCitation>
) have a base considerably smaller than the crown, a relatively high neck and a smooth surface. As transitional scale we treat rounded or elongated oval ones (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD8829BFB65B03324FC" box="[458,562,1160,1185]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[151,162,1543,1560]" captionTargetBox="[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-176@4.[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 2. — A-I, Thelodus matukhini n. sp., scales in crown view; A, LIG 35-859; B, holotype, LIG 35-860; C, LIG 35-861; D, LIG 35- 862; E, Pi 7552; F, Pi 7550; G, Pi 7547; H, Pi 7551; I, Pi 7557; A-D, sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; E-I, sample MF 34-1, cape October (Octyabrskij), October Revolution Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; J-Q, Loganellia cuneata (Gross, 1947); J, L, O-Q, scales in crown view; K, M, scales in oblique lateral crown view; N, a scale in lateral view; J-Q, LIG 35-863- LIG 35-870; sample 2-23, Matusevich River, October Revolution Island, Ust-Spokojnaya Formation, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bars: A, C, E-H, J-P, 0.1 mm; B, D, I, Q, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375101/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Figs 2D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD88113FB64B06224FC" box="[578,611,1161,1185]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1585,1602]" captionTargetBox="[204,1218,180,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-135@31.[188,1245,174,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 20. — Thelodus matukhini n. sp., morphological set of scales; A-C, head scales; D-G, transitional scales; H-S, trunk scales; T, pugniformis-type of the scale; A-C, D1, E-H, I1, J-O, P2, Q, R2, S, T1, scales in crown view; D2, scale in base view; I2, P1, R1, T2, scales in lateral view; LIG 35-281-LIG 35-300; sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bar: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375137/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">20</figureCitation>
D-G). Especially characteristic are the scales with a median ridge (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD8826CFB25B3A224BC" box="[317,419,1224,1249]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1585,1602]" captionTargetBox="[204,1218,180,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-135@31.[188,1245,174,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 20. — Thelodus matukhini n. sp., morphological set of scales; A-C, head scales; D-G, transitional scales; H-S, trunk scales; T, pugniformis-type of the scale; A-C, D1, E-H, I1, J-O, P2, Q, R2, S, T1, scales in crown view; D2, scale in base view; I2, P1, R1, T2, scales in lateral view; LIG 35-281-LIG 35-300; sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bar: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375137/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Fig. 20D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD882F2FB3AB3AC24B5" box="[419,429,1239,1256]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[153,164,1435,1452]" captionTargetBox="[143,1259,160,1386]" captionTargetId="figure-184@2.[129,1281,150,1401]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. — Distribution of thelodonts in the Silurian section of Pioneer Island; 1, sandstone; 2, sandstone and silty sandstone; 3, argillite; 4, biomorphic limestone; 5, dolomite; 6, dolomitic limestone; 7, oolitic limestone; 8, stromatoporoidal limestone (after Klubov et al. 1980: fig. 2; modified). Cyrillic letters in fig. 2 of Klubov et al. 1980 are in present paper transliterated as follows: A = a; Б = b; B = v; г = g; д = d; E = e; 3 = zh; и = i; K = k; M = m; H = kh." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375099/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">
<subScript id="BF2634DE0F5AFFD882F2FB3AB3AC24B5" attach="left" box="[419,429,1239,1256]" fontSize="7" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">1</subScript>
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) that can end with an elevated spine (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD88202FB05B3B5255C" box="[339,436,1256,1281]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[151,162,1543,1560]" captionTargetBox="[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-176@4.[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 2. — A-I, Thelodus matukhini n. sp., scales in crown view; A, LIG 35-859; B, holotype, LIG 35-860; C, LIG 35-861; D, LIG 35- 862; E, Pi 7552; F, Pi 7550; G, Pi 7547; H, Pi 7551; I, Pi 7557; A-D, sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; E-I, sample MF 34-1, cape October (Octyabrskij), October Revolution Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; J-Q, Loganellia cuneata (Gross, 1947); J, L, O-Q, scales in crown view; K, M, scales in oblique lateral crown view; N, a scale in lateral view; J-Q, LIG 35-863- LIG 35-870; sample 2-23, Matusevich River, October Revolution Island, Ust-Spokojnaya Formation, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bars: A, C, E-H, J-P, 0.1 mm; B, D, I, Q, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375101/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
). Laterally from the ridge, oblique ridgelets are developed. They start at the base of the crown and are directed towards the median ridge. In some of transitional scales the anterior margin is deeply crenulated (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD883B9FA65B35725FC" box="[232,342,1416,1441]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1585,1602]" captionTargetBox="[204,1218,180,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-135@31.[188,1245,174,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 20. — Thelodus matukhini n. sp., morphological set of scales; A-C, head scales; D-G, transitional scales; H-S, trunk scales; T, pugniformis-type of the scale; A-C, D1, E-H, I1, J-O, P2, Q, R2, S, T1, scales in crown view; D2, scale in base view; I2, P1, R1, T2, scales in lateral view; LIG 35-281-LIG 35-300; sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bar: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375137/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Fig. 20E</figureCitation>
) or covered with ridgelets (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD883CEFA45B305259C" box="[159,260,1448,1473]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1585,1602]" captionTargetBox="[204,1218,180,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-135@31.[188,1245,174,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 20. — Thelodus matukhini n. sp., morphological set of scales; A-C, head scales; D-G, transitional scales; H-S, trunk scales; T, pugniformis-type of the scale; A-C, D1, E-H, I1, J-O, P2, Q, R2, S, T1, scales in crown view; D2, scale in base view; I2, P1, R1, T2, scales in lateral view; LIG 35-281-LIG 35-300; sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bar: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375137/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Fig. 20G</figureCitation>
). Sometimes the whole crown surface is covered with fine longitudinal ridgelets (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD883CEFA05B2FE265C" box="[159,255,1512,1537]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1585,1602]" captionTargetBox="[204,1218,180,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-135@31.[188,1245,174,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 20. — Thelodus matukhini n. sp., morphological set of scales; A-C, head scales; D-G, transitional scales; H-S, trunk scales; T, pugniformis-type of the scale; A-C, D1, E-H, I1, J-O, P2, Q, R2, S, T1, scales in crown view; D2, scale in base view; I2, P1, R1, T2, scales in lateral view; LIG 35-281-LIG 35-300; sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bar: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375137/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Fig. 20F</figureCitation>
). The base of transitional scales is not very high but it can be rather wide and protrude as a narrow strip over the whole perimeter of the crown (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD88244F9A5B376263C" box="[277,375,1608,1633]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1585,1602]" captionTargetBox="[204,1218,180,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-135@31.[188,1245,174,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 20. — Thelodus matukhini n. sp., morphological set of scales; A-C, head scales; D-G, transitional scales; H-S, trunk scales; T, pugniformis-type of the scale; A-C, D1, E-H, I1, J-O, P2, Q, R2, S, T1, scales in crown view; D2, scale in base view; I2, P1, R1, T2, scales in lateral view; LIG 35-281-LIG 35-300; sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bar: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375137/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Fig. 20D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD88227F9BAB3812635" box="[374,384,1623,1640]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[151,162,1543,1560]" captionTargetBox="[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-176@4.[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 2. — A-I, Thelodus matukhini n. sp., scales in crown view; A, LIG 35-859; B, holotype, LIG 35-860; C, LIG 35-861; D, LIG 35- 862; E, Pi 7552; F, Pi 7550; G, Pi 7547; H, Pi 7551; I, Pi 7557; A-D, sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; E-I, sample MF 34-1, cape October (Octyabrskij), October Revolution Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; J-Q, Loganellia cuneata (Gross, 1947); J, L, O-Q, scales in crown view; K, M, scales in oblique lateral crown view; N, a scale in lateral view; J-Q, LIG 35-863- LIG 35-870; sample 2-23, Matusevich River, October Revolution Island, Ust-Spokojnaya Formation, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bars: A, C, E-H, J-P, 0.1 mm; B, D, I, Q, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375101/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">
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). Pulp opening is large and elongated. The main part of the collected scales is composed of trunk scales. Among them occur a lot of very small (
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long), narrow and elongate, and modified scales, including trilobatiform (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD880DFFEE5B601217C" box="[910,1024,264,289]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1585,1602]" captionTargetBox="[204,1218,180,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-135@31.[188,1245,174,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 20. — Thelodus matukhini n. sp., morphological set of scales; A-C, head scales; D-G, transitional scales; H-S, trunk scales; T, pugniformis-type of the scale; A-C, D1, E-H, I1, J-O, P2, Q, R2, S, T1, scales in crown view; D2, scale in base view; I2, P1, R1, T2, scales in lateral view; LIG 35-281-LIG 35-300; sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bar: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375137/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Fig. 20S</figureCitation>
) and pugniform (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD88182FEC5B13C211C" box="[723,829,296,321]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1585,1602]" captionTargetBox="[204,1218,180,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-135@31.[188,1245,174,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 20. — Thelodus matukhini n. sp., morphological set of scales; A-C, head scales; D-G, transitional scales; H-S, trunk scales; T, pugniformis-type of the scale; A-C, D1, E-H, I1, J-O, P2, Q, R2, S, T1, scales in crown view; D2, scale in base view; I2, P1, R1, T2, scales in lateral view; LIG 35-281-LIG 35-300; sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bar: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375137/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Fig. 20T</figureCitation>
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,
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD88007FEDAB1612115" box="[854,864,311,328]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[151,162,1543,1560]" captionTargetBox="[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-176@4.[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 2. — A-I, Thelodus matukhini n. sp., scales in crown view; A, LIG 35-859; B, holotype, LIG 35-860; C, LIG 35-861; D, LIG 35- 862; E, Pi 7552; F, Pi 7550; G, Pi 7547; H, Pi 7551; I, Pi 7557; A-D, sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; E-I, sample MF 34-1, cape October (Octyabrskij), October Revolution Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; J-Q, Loganellia cuneata (Gross, 1947); J, L, O-Q, scales in crown view; K, M, scales in oblique lateral crown view; N, a scale in lateral view; J-Q, LIG 35-863- LIG 35-870; sample 2-23, Matusevich River, October Revolution Island, Ust-Spokojnaya Formation, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bars: A, C, E-H, J-P, 0.1 mm; B, D, I, Q, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375101/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">2</figureCitation>
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)
<typeStatus id="FC1988390F5AFFD88025FEC4B1BB211C" box="[884,954,297,321]" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">types</typeStatus>
; the latter has laterally compressed and smooth crown surface. Characteristic
<taxonomicName id="E4A24D180F5AFFD88020FE84B60921DD" authority="Karatajūtē-Talimaa &amp; Märss, 2002" authorityName="Karatajūtē-Talimaa &amp; Märss" authorityYear="2002" box="[881,1032,360,384]" class="Pteraspidomorphi" family="Loganelliidae" genus="Thelodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phlebolepidiformes" pageId="32" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="matukhini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F5AFFD88020FE84B18321DD" box="[881,898,361,384]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F5AFFD880C3FE85B60921DD" box="[914,1032,360,384]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">matukhini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0AE557F20F5AFFD88740FE84B64E21DD" box="[1041,1103,361,384]" pageId="32" pageNumber="437" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
trunk scales are shown in
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD88032FE65B1A621FC" box="[867,935,392,417]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[151,162,1543,1560]" captionTargetBox="[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-176@4.[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 2. — A-I, Thelodus matukhini n. sp., scales in crown view; A, LIG 35-859; B, holotype, LIG 35-860; C, LIG 35-861; D, LIG 35- 862; E, Pi 7552; F, Pi 7550; G, Pi 7547; H, Pi 7551; I, Pi 7557; A-D, sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; E-I, sample MF 34-1, cape October (Octyabrskij), October Revolution Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; J-Q, Loganellia cuneata (Gross, 1947); J, L, O-Q, scales in crown view; K, M, scales in oblique lateral crown view; N, a scale in lateral view; J-Q, LIG 35-863- LIG 35-870; sample 2-23, Matusevich River, October Revolution Island, Ust-Spokojnaya Formation, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bars: A, C, E-H, J-P, 0.1 mm; B, D, I, Q, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375101/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Figs 2</figureCitation>
A-C, F-H and 20H-M. The largest scales reach the length of
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. The crown is distinctly ridged, with a keel- or spinelike and arosen posterior apex. The central crown area is a narrow groove. Lateral to it, two to three pairs of lateral ridges are developed; they can reach the posterior tapered crown apex. Like a low and narrow strip, the base protrudes the crown perimeters. Sometimes it has short peg-like projection anteriorly, directed obliquely downwards and anteriorwards (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD88183FD05B12A235C" box="[722,811,744,769]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[151,162,1543,1560]" captionTargetBox="[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-176@4.[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 2. — A-I, Thelodus matukhini n. sp., scales in crown view; A, LIG 35-859; B, holotype, LIG 35-860; C, LIG 35-861; D, LIG 35- 862; E, Pi 7552; F, Pi 7550; G, Pi 7547; H, Pi 7551; I, Pi 7557; A-D, sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; E-I, sample MF 34-1, cape October (Octyabrskij), October Revolution Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; J-Q, Loganellia cuneata (Gross, 1947); J, L, O-Q, scales in crown view; K, M, scales in oblique lateral crown view; N, a scale in lateral view; J-Q, LIG 35-863- LIG 35-870; sample 2-23, Matusevich River, October Revolution Island, Ust-Spokojnaya Formation, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bars: A, C, E-H, J-P, 0.1 mm; B, D, I, Q, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375101/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Figs 2E</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD88069FD04B18B235C" box="[824,906,745,769]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1585,1602]" captionTargetBox="[204,1218,180,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-135@31.[188,1245,174,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 20. — Thelodus matukhini n. sp., morphological set of scales; A-C, head scales; D-G, transitional scales; H-S, trunk scales; T, pugniformis-type of the scale; A-C, D1, E-H, I1, J-O, P2, Q, R2, S, T1, scales in crown view; D2, scale in base view; I2, P1, R1, T2, scales in lateral view; LIG 35-281-LIG 35-300; sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bar: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375137/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">20K, L</figureCitation>
). Pulp opening is large, often elongated and situated medially. Among trunk scales with ridged crown are often met scales with narrow or spine-like crown (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD8871CFCA5B0DC23DD" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1585,1602]" captionTargetBox="[204,1218,180,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-135@31.[188,1245,174,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 20. — Thelodus matukhini n. sp., morphological set of scales; A-C, head scales; D-G, transitional scales; H-S, trunk scales; T, pugniformis-type of the scale; A-C, D1, E-H, I1, J-O, P2, Q, R2, S, T1, scales in crown view; D2, scale in base view; I2, P1, R1, T2, scales in lateral view; LIG 35-281-LIG 35-300; sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bar: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375137/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Fig. 20N, O, R</figureCitation>
<subScript id="BF2634DE0F5AFFD8818CFC9AB0FB23D5" attach="left" box="[733,762,887,904]" fontSize="7" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD8818CFC9AB0E623D5" box="[733,743,887,904]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[153,164,1435,1452]" captionTargetBox="[143,1259,160,1386]" captionTargetId="figure-184@2.[129,1281,150,1401]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. — Distribution of thelodonts in the Silurian section of Pioneer Island; 1, sandstone; 2, sandstone and silty sandstone; 3, argillite; 4, biomorphic limestone; 5, dolomite; 6, dolomitic limestone; 7, oolitic limestone; 8, stromatoporoidal limestone (after Klubov et al. 1980: fig. 2; modified). Cyrillic letters in fig. 2 of Klubov et al. 1980 are in present paper transliterated as follows: A = a; Б = b; B = v; г = g; д = d; E = e; 3 = zh; и = i; K = k; M = m; H = kh." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375099/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD881A1FC9AB0FB23D5" box="[752,762,887,904]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[151,162,1543,1560]" captionTargetBox="[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-176@4.[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 2. — A-I, Thelodus matukhini n. sp., scales in crown view; A, LIG 35-859; B, holotype, LIG 35-860; C, LIG 35-861; D, LIG 35- 862; E, Pi 7552; F, Pi 7550; G, Pi 7547; H, Pi 7551; I, Pi 7557; A-D, sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; E-I, sample MF 34-1, cape October (Octyabrskij), October Revolution Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; J-Q, Loganellia cuneata (Gross, 1947); J, L, O-Q, scales in crown view; K, M, scales in oblique lateral crown view; N, a scale in lateral view; J-Q, LIG 35-863- LIG 35-870; sample 2-23, Matusevich River, October Revolution Island, Ust-Spokojnaya Formation, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bars: A, C, E-H, J-P, 0.1 mm; B, D, I, Q, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375101/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">2</figureCitation>
</subScript>
). Some of them have a wide base with anterior spur-like projection (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD8877EFC65B6A523FC" box="[1071,1188,904,929]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1585,1602]" captionTargetBox="[204,1218,180,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-135@31.[188,1245,174,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 20. — Thelodus matukhini n. sp., morphological set of scales; A-C, head scales; D-G, transitional scales; H-S, trunk scales; T, pugniformis-type of the scale; A-C, D1, E-H, I1, J-O, P2, Q, R2, S, T1, scales in crown view; D2, scale in base view; I2, P1, R1, T2, scales in lateral view; LIG 35-281-LIG 35-300; sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bar: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375137/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Fig. 20R</figureCitation>
<subScript id="BF2634DE0F5AFFD887F4FC7AB6CC23F5" attach="left" box="[1189,1229,919,936]" fontSize="7" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD887F4FC7AB6B123F5" box="[1189,1200,919,936]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[153,164,1435,1452]" captionTargetBox="[143,1259,160,1386]" captionTargetId="figure-184@2.[129,1281,150,1401]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. — Distribution of thelodonts in the Silurian section of Pioneer Island; 1, sandstone; 2, sandstone and silty sandstone; 3, argillite; 4, biomorphic limestone; 5, dolomite; 6, dolomitic limestone; 7, oolitic limestone; 8, stromatoporoidal limestone (after Klubov et al. 1980: fig. 2; modified). Cyrillic letters in fig. 2 of Klubov et al. 1980 are in present paper transliterated as follows: A = a; Б = b; B = v; г = g; д = d; E = e; 3 = zh; и = i; K = k; M = m; H = kh." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375099/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD88792FC7AB6CC23F5" box="[1219,1229,919,936]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[151,162,1543,1560]" captionTargetBox="[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-176@4.[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 2. — A-I, Thelodus matukhini n. sp., scales in crown view; A, LIG 35-859; B, holotype, LIG 35-860; C, LIG 35-861; D, LIG 35- 862; E, Pi 7552; F, Pi 7550; G, Pi 7547; H, Pi 7551; I, Pi 7557; A-D, sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; E-I, sample MF 34-1, cape October (Octyabrskij), October Revolution Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; J-Q, Loganellia cuneata (Gross, 1947); J, L, O-Q, scales in crown view; K, M, scales in oblique lateral crown view; N, a scale in lateral view; J-Q, LIG 35-863- LIG 35-870; sample 2-23, Matusevich River, October Revolution Island, Ust-Spokojnaya Formation, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bars: A, C, E-H, J-P, 0.1 mm; B, D, I, Q, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375101/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">2</figureCitation>
</subScript>
). Comparatively small part of trunk scales have a crown covered with longitudinal grooves (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD88183FC05B12F245C" box="[722,814,1000,1025]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1585,1602]" captionTargetBox="[204,1218,180,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-135@31.[188,1245,174,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 20. — Thelodus matukhini n. sp., morphological set of scales; A-C, head scales; D-G, transitional scales; H-S, trunk scales; T, pugniformis-type of the scale; A-C, D1, E-H, I1, J-O, P2, Q, R2, S, T1, scales in crown view; D2, scale in base view; I2, P1, R1, T2, scales in lateral view; LIG 35-281-LIG 35-300; sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bar: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375137/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Fig. 20P</figureCitation>
<subScript id="BF2634DE0F5AFFD8807FFC1AB14D2455" attach="left" box="[814,844,1015,1032]" fontSize="7" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD8807FFC1AB1392455" box="[814,824,1015,1032]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[153,164,1435,1452]" captionTargetBox="[143,1259,160,1386]" captionTargetId="figure-184@2.[129,1281,150,1401]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. — Distribution of thelodonts in the Silurian section of Pioneer Island; 1, sandstone; 2, sandstone and silty sandstone; 3, argillite; 4, biomorphic limestone; 5, dolomite; 6, dolomitic limestone; 7, oolitic limestone; 8, stromatoporoidal limestone (after Klubov et al. 1980: fig. 2; modified). Cyrillic letters in fig. 2 of Klubov et al. 1980 are in present paper transliterated as follows: A = a; Б = b; B = v; г = g; д = d; E = e; 3 = zh; и = i; K = k; M = m; H = kh." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375099/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD88013FC1AB14D2455" box="[834,844,1015,1032]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[151,162,1543,1560]" captionTargetBox="[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-176@4.[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 2. — A-I, Thelodus matukhini n. sp., scales in crown view; A, LIG 35-859; B, holotype, LIG 35-860; C, LIG 35-861; D, LIG 35- 862; E, Pi 7552; F, Pi 7550; G, Pi 7547; H, Pi 7551; I, Pi 7557; A-D, sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; E-I, sample MF 34-1, cape October (Octyabrskij), October Revolution Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; J-Q, Loganellia cuneata (Gross, 1947); J, L, O-Q, scales in crown view; K, M, scales in oblique lateral crown view; N, a scale in lateral view; J-Q, LIG 35-863- LIG 35-870; sample 2-23, Matusevich River, October Revolution Island, Ust-Spokojnaya Formation, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bars: A, C, E-H, J-P, 0.1 mm; B, D, I, Q, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375101/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">2</figureCitation>
</subScript>
). In them, the central crown area is separated from the lateral ones by deeper grooves extending up to the posterior end of the crown (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD88070FBA5B17E243C" box="[801,895,1096,1121]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1585,1602]" captionTargetBox="[204,1218,180,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-135@31.[188,1245,174,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 20. — Thelodus matukhini n. sp., morphological set of scales; A-C, head scales; D-G, transitional scales; H-S, trunk scales; T, pugniformis-type of the scale; A-C, D1, E-H, I1, J-O, P2, Q, R2, S, T1, scales in crown view; D2, scale in base view; I2, P1, R1, T2, scales in lateral view; LIG 35-281-LIG 35-300; sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bar: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375137/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Fig. 20P</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD8802EFBBAB1882435" box="[895,905,1111,1128]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[151,162,1543,1560]" captionTargetBox="[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-176@4.[178,1226,168,1498]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 2. — A-I, Thelodus matukhini n. sp., scales in crown view; A, LIG 35-859; B, holotype, LIG 35-860; C, LIG 35-861; D, LIG 35- 862; E, Pi 7552; F, Pi 7550; G, Pi 7547; H, Pi 7551; I, Pi 7557; A-D, sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; E-I, sample MF 34-1, cape October (Octyabrskij), October Revolution Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian; J-Q, Loganellia cuneata (Gross, 1947); J, L, O-Q, scales in crown view; K, M, scales in oblique lateral crown view; N, a scale in lateral view; J-Q, LIG 35-863- LIG 35-870; sample 2-23, Matusevich River, October Revolution Island, Ust-Spokojnaya Formation, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bars: A, C, E-H, J-P, 0.1 mm; B, D, I, Q, 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375101/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">
<subScript id="BF2634DE0F5AFFD8802EFBBAB1882435" attach="left" box="[895,905,1111,1128]" fontSize="7" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">2</subScript>
</figureCitation>
). This
<taxonomicName id="E4A24D180F5AFFD8808BFBA5B652243D" box="[986,1107,1096,1120]" pageId="32" pageNumber="437" rank="variety" variety="has">variety has</taxonomicName>
fine vertical ridgelets on the postero-lateral neck walls (
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD88183FB65B12F24FC" box="[722,814,1160,1185]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1585,1602]" captionTargetBox="[204,1218,180,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-135@31.[188,1245,174,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 20. — Thelodus matukhini n. sp., morphological set of scales; A-C, head scales; D-G, transitional scales; H-S, trunk scales; T, pugniformis-type of the scale; A-C, D1, E-H, I1, J-O, P2, Q, R2, S, T1, scales in crown view; D2, scale in base view; I2, P1, R1, T2, scales in lateral view; LIG 35-281-LIG 35-300; sample 18041-14, Komsomolets Island, Ludlow, Upper Silurian. Scale bar: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375137/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Fig. 20P</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="BB992A1E0F5AFFD8807FFB7AB13924F5" box="[814,824,1175,1192]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[153,164,1435,1452]" captionTargetBox="[143,1259,160,1386]" captionTargetId="figure-184@2.[129,1281,150,1401]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. — Distribution of thelodonts in the Silurian section of Pioneer Island; 1, sandstone; 2, sandstone and silty sandstone; 3, argillite; 4, biomorphic limestone; 5, dolomite; 6, dolomitic limestone; 7, oolitic limestone; 8, stromatoporoidal limestone (after Klubov et al. 1980: fig. 2; modified). Cyrillic letters in fig. 2 of Klubov et al. 1980 are in present paper transliterated as follows: A = a; Б = b; B = v; г = g; д = d; E = e; 3 = zh; и = i; K = k; M = m; H = kh." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5375099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5375099/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">
<subScript id="BF2634DE0F5AFFD8807FFB7AB13924F5" attach="left" box="[814,824,1175,1192]" fontSize="7" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">1</subScript>
</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="231D369B0F5AFFD8819BFB25B15B2482" blockId="32.[714,1248,1224,1664]" box="[714,858,1224,1250]" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">COMPARISON</paragraph>
<paragraph id="231D369B0F5AFFD9819BFB05B34820BD" blockId="32.[714,1248,1224,1664]" lastBlockId="33.[151,684,168,224]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="438" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">
The most characteristic features for the scales of
<taxonomicName id="E4A24D180F5AFFD8819BFAE5B1AF257D" authority="Karatajūtē-Talimaa &amp; Märss, 2002" authorityName="Karatajūtē-Talimaa &amp; Märss" authorityYear="2002" box="[714,942,1288,1312]" class="Pteraspidomorphi" family="Loganelliidae" genus="Thelodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phlebolepidiformes" pageId="32" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="matukhini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F5AFFD8819BFAE5B1AF257D" box="[714,942,1288,1312]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Thelodus matukhini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0AE557F20F5AFFD880E7FAE4B1F2257D" box="[950,1011,1289,1312]" pageId="32" pageNumber="437" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are the specific proportions of the crown, neck and base. Only the trunk scales of this species are characterised by the ridged keel- or spine-like crown and low wall-like base that protrudes as a narrow strip over the whole perimeter of the crown. A relatively large, often elongated pulp opening is also characteristic for the new species. Vertical ridgelets on the postero-lateral crown (or neck) wall are often present in
<taxonomicName id="E4A24D180F5AFFD88750F9C5B6DE261D" baseAuthorityName="Pander" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1025,1247,1576,1600]" class="Pteraspidomorphi" family="Loganelliidae" genus="Thelodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phlebolepidiformes" pageId="32" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schmidti">
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F5AFFD88750F9C5B6DE261D" box="[1025,1247,1576,1600]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Thelodus schmidti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="E4A24D180F5AFFD88182F9A5B13B263D" authorityName="Agassiz" authorityYear="1839" box="[723,826,1608,1632]" class="Pteraspidomorphi" family="Loganelliidae" genus="Thelodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phlebolepidiformes" pageId="32" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F5AFFD88182F9A5B13B263D" box="[723,826,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Thelodus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ex gr.
<taxonomicName id="E4A24D180F5AFFD880DAF9A5B1E8263D" baseAuthorityName="Pander" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[907,1001,1608,1632]" class="Pteraspidomorphi" family="Loganelliidae" genus="Thelodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phlebolepidiformes" pageId="32" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schmidti">
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F5AFFD880DAF9A5B1E8263D" box="[907,1001,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">schmidti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="E4A24D180F5AFFD88753F9A5B6DE263D" authorityName="Agassiz" authorityYear="1839" box="[1026,1247,1608,1632]" class="Pteraspidomorphi" family="Loganelliidae" genus="Thelodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phlebolepidiformes" pageId="32" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvidens">
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F5AFFD88753F9A5B6DE263D" box="[1026,1247,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Thelodus parvidens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E4A24D180F5AFFD88056F985B1F826DD" authorityName="Gross" authorityYear="1967" box="[775,1017,1640,1664]" class="Pteraspidomorphi" family="Loganelliidae" genus="Thelodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phlebolepidiformes" pageId="32" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sculptilis">
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F5AFFD88056F985B1F826DD" box="[775,1017,1640,1664]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Thelodus sculptilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but in
<taxonomicName id="E4A24D180F5AFFD9873DF985B30A209D" authority="Karatajūtē-Talimaa &amp; Märss, 2002" authorityName="Karatajūtē-Talimaa &amp; Märss" authorityYear="2002" class="Pteraspidomorphi" family="Loganelliidae" genus="Thelodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="438" order="Phlebolepidiformes" pageId="32" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="matukhini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11D6EA890F5AFFD9873DF985B30A209D" italics="true" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="438" pageId="32" pageNumber="437">Thelodus matukhini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0AE557F20F5BFFD98243FF44B34F209D" box="[274,334,169,192]" pageId="33" pageNumber="438" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
they are observed only in very rare occurences.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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