376 lines
52 KiB
XML
376 lines
52 KiB
XML
<document id="3A9605E887FC7756F93D42C828A7CBD6" ID-CLB-Dataset="194432" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5213.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ae2ed5e5-8a85-42d9-86ef-9e558a02512f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7350036" ID-ZooBank="193AA500-8D45-4E18-BB47-339A916BB11E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1669188402342" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Horowitz, Jeremy, Opresko, Dennis, Molodtsova, Tina N., Beaman, Robin J., Cowman, Peter F. & Bridge, Tom C. L." docDate="2022" docId="03DD87941238FF90A29F2695ACF9FF42" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5213.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5213 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Antipathes falkorae Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="FFE4FFEC123FFF99A208260DAF1DFFBB" masterDocTitle="Five new species of black coral (Anthozoa; Antipatharia) from the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea, Australia" masterLastPageNumber="35" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1699412019617" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="DD48F399DDF37FBA3BA9FC781059D166">
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<mods:title id="A7332858D4818EEC7381FC89CE24BDEF">Five new species of black coral (Anthozoa; Antipatharia) from the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea, Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="1E1263B2C9895EBED934584FBAA0F797" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FA3D957B06EA1ADB80FAE007D4737F7C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3F793E513F3EEB1F1AF1709E1548FEC1">Horowitz, Jeremy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B9599CACE07CB6CC7DC3750983B493EA">Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, 101 Angus Smith Drive, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia. & Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Museum of Tropical Queensland, Queensland Museum, 70 - 102 Flinders St, Townsville, QLD, 4810, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="48CAFDCDBF477290BF84751F8325F938" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2644FDC83043F492F9759C76E66560CE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3A2ED3325876DA246ABC5E9E3C5E6D83">Opresko, Dennis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="99B4C9510405566186A5EF93CF4E0421">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 10 th St. & Constitution Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="23EBEFD3F89282BD284219934602F7E9" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="925A749BEE0A4D3A168F5F789E84E147">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="06E0274F18451DBE6B46B1CA3929BE1B">Molodtsova, Tina N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FD175D90837CE11B3D7D61E5DD22C5ED">P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, 36 Nakhimovsky prt, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D9382FF31BB68047F33D367C8C95AADC">Beaman, Robin J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BEFF2502AD54364C34A239A5C420FC1D">College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="520E478A73E383CB843E2157ABB04617" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="423737A8C0FD888B6A8F82695805F128">Cowman, Peter F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="05DF38DE75DDF453FBA8F5CA91A44EBC">Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, 101 Angus Smith Drive, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia. & Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Museum of Tropical Queensland, Queensland Museum, 70 - 102 Flinders St, Townsville, QLD, 4810, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0D9FC267668155843D475D53FAD580D4">Bridge, Tom C. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5844E89B952981C3BF5C0128B19041E8">Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, 101 Angus Smith Drive, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia. & Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Museum of Tropical Queensland, Queensland Museum, 70 - 102 Flinders St, Townsville, QLD, 4810, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="BD186A57D9FE79808571969492CE607B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="17745B83FE37256153BA16D892928EB0">
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<mods:date id="3CCB7FF0E274000F413A7207B5A4CB37">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="49FD7A01CEB0129C432DAE2C9F1BEE1E">2022-11-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="02651DFBFED039185E5A7E6522A4EA48">5213</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="736BE34F3069815FB3FB02047D262657">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="1ACF7644B6448DFF7D5B6E2861779BD5" type="CLB-Dataset">194432</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8797407B98DBFB1F826908B95DD17D1A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5213.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BEBF20B2E558E52C0E725E0DE7965203" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="94F78EED90E025B4B93DFE1EE88E67B0" type="Zenodo-Dep">7350036</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BA8D10DB36670A54C1928C5CFA4F0DDA" type="ZooBank">193AA500-8D45-4E18-BB47-339A916BB11E</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03DD87941238FF90A29F2695ACF9FF42" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7360660" ID-GBIF-Taxon="205135206" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7360660" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87941238FF90A29F2695ACF9FF42" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD87941238FF90A29F2695ACF9FF42" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<subSubSection id="C36E65091238FF9EA29F2695AD42FF09" box="[151,607,151,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCB36821238FF9EA29F2695AD42FF09" blockId="7.[151,616,151,214]" box="[151,607,151,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA29F2695AEE7FF0A" ID-CoL="984032da-10cf-48a7-9491-00d9aa6990bc" authority="Horowitz" authorityName="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,506,151,178]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="falkorae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA29F2695AE63FF09" box="[151,382,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Antipathes falkorae</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA38D269AAEE7FF0A" bold="true" box="[389,506,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Horowitz</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA0092695AD42FF09" bold="true" box="[513,607,152,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357EB1238FF9EA0092695AD42FF09" box="[513,607,152,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36E65091238FF9EA29F26B1AD75FF6D" box="[151,616,188,214]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCB36821238FF9EA29F26B1AD75FF6D" blockId="7.[151,616,151,214]" box="[151,616,188,214]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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(
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<figureCitation id="134F2A071238FF9EA29726B1AE14FF6D" box="[159,265,188,214]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1547,1571]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1968,1992]" captionTargetBox-0="[187,1401,380,1519]" captionTargetBox-1="[213,1408,237,1893]" captionTargetId-0="figure-119@2.[185,1402,378,1520]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@5.[151,1435,179,1942]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Locations where specimens were collected shown on a bathymetric surface map of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. Blue boxes represent specimens hand collected while on SCUBA, and red circles represent specimens collected via a remotely operated vehicle." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of the Antipatharia based on a 50% complete matrix containing 1,047 loci. Taxa in blue and imaged represent species described in this study." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350038" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350040" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7350038/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7350040/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
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and
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||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071238FF9EA33726B1AE4DFF6D" box="[319,336,188,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Antipathes falkorae sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80067: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C–E, sections of terminal branchlets showing spines (scale in C applicable for three subfigures); F–G, closeup of skeletal spines with knobs, secondary knobs, and papillae; H, image of polyp row on terminal branch." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350046/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">4</figureCitation>
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; Supplementary
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<tableCitation id="C6F603391238FF9EA00426B1AD40FF6D" box="[524,605,188,214]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="11.[152,244,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison of Rhipidipathes species" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0B660A1234FF92A290269AADBEFF14" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" tableUuid="DF0B660A1234FF92A290269AADBEFF14">Table 1</tableCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36E65091238FF9EA29F270EAA26FEDD" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BCB36821238FF9EA29F270EAA26FEDD" blockId="7.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA29F270EAE62FEA6" bold="true" box="[151,383,259,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B1C3CDF1238FF9EA38D2709AA26FEDD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3970442306" accessionNumber="G80067, FK200802" collectingDate="2020-08-18" collectionCode="MTQ, R, V" collectorName="Jeremy Horowitz." country="Australia" county="SuBastian" elevation="111" latitude="-15.3968" location="Great Barrier Reef" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="145.7934" municipality="Coral Sea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54CF88201238FF9EA38D2709AEEDFEA5" box="[389,496,260,286]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED65AE471238FF9EA3F22709AD25FEA5" box="[506,568,260,286]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">MTQ</collectionCode>
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G80067,
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<collectingCountry id="F36376121238FF9EA0AB2709AC10FEA5" box="[675,781,260,286]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Australia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<location id="8EAB60591238FF9EA11E2709ACFAFEA5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87941238FF90A29F2695ACF9FF42:8EAB60591238FF9EA11E2709ACFAFEA5" box="[790,999,260,286]" country="Australia" county="SuBastian" latitude="-15.3968" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="145.7934" municipality="Coral Sea" name="Great Barrier Reef" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Great Barrier Reef</location>
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,
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<location id="8EAB60591238FF9EA1F82709ABF5FEA5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87941238FF90A29F2695ACF9FF42:8EAB60591238FF9EA1F82709ABF5FEA5" box="[1008,1256,260,286]" country="Australia" county="SuBastian" latitude="-15.3968" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="145.7934" municipality="Coral Sea" name="Ribbon Reef Canyons" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ribbon Reef Canyons</location>
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,
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<location id="8EAB60591238FF9EA6FA2709AFEEFEF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87941238FF90A29F2695ACF9FF42:8EAB60591238FF9EA6FA2709AFEEFEF9" country="Australia" county="SuBastian" latitude="-15.3968" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="145.7934" municipality="Coral Sea" name="Schmidt Ocean Institute" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Schmidt Ocean Institute</location>
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<collectionCode id="ED65AE471238FF9EA2F22725AE10FEF9" box="[250,269,296,322]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">R</collectionCode>
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/
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<collectionCode id="ED65AE471238FF9EA31D2725AE34FEF9" box="[277,297,296,322]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA3272725AE66FEF9" box="[303,379,296,322]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<location id="8EAB60591238FF9EA3272725AE66FEF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87941238FF90A29F2695ACF9FF42:8EAB60591238FF9EA3272725AE66FEF9" box="[303,379,296,322]" country="Australia" county="SuBastian" latitude="-15.3968" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="145.7934" municipality="Coral Sea" name="Falkor" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Falkor</location>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<location id="8EAB60591238FF9EA3822725AD15FEF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87941238FF90A29F2695ACF9FF42:8EAB60591238FF9EA3822725AD15FEF9" box="[394,520,296,322]" country="Australia" county="SuBastian" latitude="-15.3968" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="145.7934" municipality="Coral Sea" name="Seamounts" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Seamounts</location>
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,
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<location id="8EAB60591238FF9EA01A2725AD6AFEF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87941238FF90A29F2695ACF9FF42:8EAB60591238FF9EA01A2725AD6AFEF9" box="[530,631,296,322]" country="Australia" county="SuBastian" latitude="-15.3968" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="145.7934" municipality="Coral Sea" name="Canyons" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Canyons</location>
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, and
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<location id="8EAB60591238FF9EA0BA2725ADEFFEF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87941238FF90A29F2695ACF9FF42:8EAB60591238FF9EA0BA2725ADEFFEF9" box="[690,754,296,322]" country="Australia" county="SuBastian" latitude="-15.3968" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="145.7934" municipality="Coral Sea" name="Reefs" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Reefs</location>
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of the
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BAFACF81238FF9EA1372725ACB0FEF9" box="[831,941,296,322]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Coral Sea</collectingMunicipality>
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expedition FK200802,
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<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA6BF2725AA7BFEF9" box="[1207,1382,296,322]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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ROV
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<collectingCounty id="62AA4E0E1238FF9EA6FC2725AA7BFEF9" box="[1268,1382,296,322]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">SuBastian</collectingCounty>
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</emphasis>
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dive S0385, collected on
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<date id="FFCA10421238FF9EA3722741AD2AFEDD" box="[378,567,332,358]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2020-08-18">
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<collectingDate id="EF8EE9AA1238FF9EA3722741AD2AFEDD" box="[378,567,332,358]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2020-08-18">August 18, 2020</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, -
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4050451238FF9EA0DE2746AC79FEDD" box="[726,868,331,358]" degrees="145.7934" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="5" value="145.7934">145.7934° E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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depth
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</elevation>
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, collector
|
||
<collectorName id="268153541238FF9EA6792741AA26FEDD" box="[1137,1339,332,358]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Jeremy Horowitz.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E65091238FF9EA2CF2762AA77FE4D" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821238FF9EA2CF2762AA77FE4D" blockId="7.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA2CF2762AE22FE32" bold="true" box="[199,319,367,393]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Colony fan-like, with unilateral and sparse branching mostly to the second and third order; terminal branchlets
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA3052799AE6FFE15" box="[269,370,403,430]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="cm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3 to 5 cm</quantity>
|
||
long and curved proximally forming 45° distal branch angles. Spines conical, mostly smooth with distinct apical knobs, secondary knobs, and some papillae on the apical section of spines 0.15 to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA6BC27B5AA0BFE69" box="[1204,1302,440,466]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.17">0.17 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall. Four to five axial rows of spines counted in one view. Polyps 0.8 to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA12F27D1AC43FE4D" box="[807,862,476,502]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
in transverse diameter and eight polyps per cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E65091238FF9EA2CF27F2ACF2F865" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821238FF9EA2CF27F2AA28FC39" blockId="7.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA2CF27F2AEC2FDA1" bold="true" box="[199,479,511,538]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CF88201238FF9EA370240DAEC2FDA1" box="[376,479,512,538]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Specimen is fan-like and
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA106240DAC4EFDA1" box="[782,851,512,538]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="cm" value="21.0">21 cm</quantity>
|
||
in height (lowermost
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA64627F2AB9BFDA1" box="[1102,1158,511,538]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
|
||
or more of the stem and the holdfast not collected); branched mostly to the second and rarely to the third or fourth order, with stiff and straight or slightly curved vertically directed branches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071238FF9EA0F32445AC9DFDD9" box="[763,896,584,610]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Antipathes falkorae sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80067: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C–E, sections of terminal branchlets showing spines (scale in C applicable for three subfigures); F–G, closeup of skeletal spines with knobs, secondary knobs, and papillae; H, image of polyp row on terminal branch." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350046/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 4A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Distal branch angles are mostly 45°. Branching is sparse and in one plane, with mostly one and sometimes two or three branches occurring on a given lower order branch. Branching is unilateral with successive orders of branches often arising on the same side as the lower order branches. The five most basal branches are disposed on one side of the stem with subsequent branches disposed on the same side as lower order branches, while the four most apical branches occur on the opposite side of the stem and have higher order branches disposed on the same side as their direct lower order branches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071238FF9EA6DA24F1AA31FCAD" box="[1234,1324,764,790]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Antipathes falkorae sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80067: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C–E, sections of terminal branchlets showing spines (scale in C applicable for three subfigures); F–G, closeup of skeletal spines with knobs, secondary knobs, and papillae; H, image of polyp row on terminal branch." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350046/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The one branch between the five most basal and four most apical branches is disposed on the same side as the basal branches but has secondary branches occurring on both sides of the branch. Terminal branchlets are
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA69F2549AA1CFCE5" box="[1175,1281,835,862]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="cm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3 to 5 cm</quantity>
|
||
in length and 0.19 to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA2E42565AE5FFC39" box="[236,322,872,898]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter near the base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071238FF9EA0782565ADD5FC39" box="[624,712,872,898]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Antipathes falkorae sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80067: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C–E, sections of terminal branchlets showing spines (scale in C applicable for three subfigures); F–G, closeup of skeletal spines with knobs, secondary knobs, and papillae; H, image of polyp row on terminal branch." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350046/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The lowest portion of the stem is
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA65B2565ABB4FC39" box="[1107,1193,872,898]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821238FF9EA2CF2581ADB1FB51" blockId="7.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Spines on a branch
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA3962581AEEEFC1D" box="[414,499,908,934]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick or greater have polypar spines 0.15 to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA1D42581AB23FC1D" box="[988,1086,908,934]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.17">0.17 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall and abpolypar spines 0.1 to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA29F25A2AFE6FC71" box="[151,251,943,970]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.15">0.15 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071238FF9EA33C25BDAE90FC71" box="[308,397,944,970]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Antipathes falkorae sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80067: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C–E, sections of terminal branchlets showing spines (scale in C applicable for three subfigures); F–G, closeup of skeletal spines with knobs, secondary knobs, and papillae; H, image of polyp row on terminal branch." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350046/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
). On branches
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA03B25BDAD8AFC71" box="[563,663,944,970]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.20 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, spines are about
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA1EB25BDAB5AFC71" box="[995,1095,944,970]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.14">0.14 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071238FF9EA68825BDABC4FC71" box="[1152,1241,944,970]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Antipathes falkorae sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80067: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C–E, sections of terminal branchlets showing spines (scale in C applicable for three subfigures); F–G, closeup of skeletal spines with knobs, secondary knobs, and papillae; H, image of polyp row on terminal branch." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350046/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
), and on terminal branchlets
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA31B25D9AE76FC55" box="[275,363,980,1006]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
or less in diameter, spines are at most
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA12325D9AC8CFC55" box="[811,913,980,1006]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.13">0.13 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071238FF9EA1C625D9AB35FC55" box="[974,1064,980,1006]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Antipathes falkorae sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80067: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C–E, sections of terminal branchlets showing spines (scale in C applicable for three subfigures); F–G, closeup of skeletal spines with knobs, secondary knobs, and papillae; H, image of polyp row on terminal branch." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350046/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spines on large (about
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA74D25D9AA80FC55" box="[1349,1437,980,1006]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
or thicker) branches have extensive apical knobbing with knobs reaching maximum heights of
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA6CD25F5AA37FBA9" box="[1221,1322,1016,1042]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.04">0.04 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071238FF9EA73125F5AA8DFBA9" box="[1337,1424,1016,1042]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Antipathes falkorae sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80067: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C–E, sections of terminal branchlets showing spines (scale in C applicable for three subfigures); F–G, closeup of skeletal spines with knobs, secondary knobs, and papillae; H, image of polyp row on terminal branch." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350046/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Where knobbing is most pronounced, spine tips flare outward (at right angles to the direction of the branch axis) and become vertically compressed with small secondary knobs occurring on primary knobs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071238FF9EA691224DABEFFBE1" box="[1177,1266,1088,1114]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Antipathes falkorae sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80067: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C–E, sections of terminal branchlets showing spines (scale in C applicable for three subfigures); F–G, closeup of skeletal spines with knobs, secondary knobs, and papillae; H, image of polyp row on terminal branch." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350046/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Faint papillae can be seen on and in between well-developed knobs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071238FF9EA0F42269AC45FBC5" box="[764,856,1124,1150]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Antipathes falkorae sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80067: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C–E, sections of terminal branchlets showing spines (scale in C applicable for three subfigures); F–G, closeup of skeletal spines with knobs, secondary knobs, and papillae; H, image of polyp row on terminal branch." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350046/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spines on terminal branchlets less than
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA7212269AA62FBC5" box="[1321,1407,1124,1150]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter have few or no apical knobs, and are smooth, triangular, slightly distally directed, laterally compressed. Four to five axial rows of spines can be counted in one view; 3.5 to 4 spines can be counted in one mm; and distances between axial rows range from ~0.3 to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA04722DDADB5FB51" box="[591,680,1232,1258]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821238FF9EA2CF22F9AC34FA89" blockId="7.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Polyps are yellow to white in color, 0.8 to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA0A122F9ADF6FAB5" box="[681,747,1268,1294]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in the transverse diameter with about
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA69322FEABEFFAB5" box="[1179,1266,1267,1294]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
space between polyps resulting in about eight polyps in one cm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071238FF9EA0CA2315AC00FA89" box="[706,797,1304,1330]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[208,1379,179,1853]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Antipathes falkorae sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80067: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C–E, sections of terminal branchlets showing spines (scale in C applicable for three subfigures); F–G, closeup of skeletal spines with knobs, secondary knobs, and papillae; H, image of polyp row on terminal branch." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350046/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821238FF9EA2CF2336AA07F8BD" blockId="7.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA2CF2336AEC0FAEE" bold="true" box="[199,477,1339,1365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Comparative diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA3EB2331AD43FAED" authority="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge, 2022" authorityName="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge" authorityYear="2022" box="[483,606,1340,1366]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="falkorae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA3EB2331AD43FAED" box="[483,606,1340,1366]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. falkorae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA06C2331ADA1FAED" bold="true" box="[612,700,1340,1366]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357EB1238FF9EA06C2331ADA1FAED" box="[612,700,1340,1366]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is most like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA14F2331ABD2FAED" authority="Opresko, 2019" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2019" box="[839,1231,1340,1366]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="coronata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA14F2331AB3BFAEE" box="[839,1062,1340,1366]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Antipathes coronata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B731238FF9EA6252331ABD2FAED" author="Opresko, D. M." box="[1069,1231,1340,1366]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="149 - 186" refId="ref14094" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2019) New species of black corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the New Zealand region, part 2. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 47, 149 - 186. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03014223.2019.1650783" type="journal article" year="2019">Opresko, 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having straight and vertically directed branches, unilateral branching, slightly larger polypar than abpolypar spines, and apical knobs on the spines. However, the new species has more extensive apical knobbing where on a spine ~
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA6D12389AA22FA25" box="[1241,1343,1412,1438]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.14">0.14 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall, the new species has five to six primary knobs compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA0FF23A5AC64FA7A" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2019" box="[759,889,1448,1474]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="coronata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA0FF23A5AC64FA7A" box="[759,889,1448,1474]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. coronata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has three knobs. The new species also has small protrusions that could be considered secondary knobs on top of primary knobs that are absent on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA71B23C1AA88FA5E" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2019" box="[1299,1429,1484,1510]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="coronata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA71B23C1AA88FA5E" box="[1299,1429,1484,1510]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. coronata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The new species has on average a smaller terminal branchlet diameter than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA1E123FDAB71F9B2" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2019" box="[1001,1132,1520,1546]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="coronata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA1E123FDAB71F9B2" box="[1001,1132,1520,1546]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. coronata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(0.2 vs
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671238FF9EA6C023FDAA3EF9B1" box="[1224,1315,1520,1546]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
); however, both species have ~5 axial spine rows visible in a lateral view. The new species also has slightly wider distal branch angles that create more of a fan shape compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA0C02035AC57F9EA" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2019" box="[712,842,1592,1618]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="coronata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA0C02035AC57F9EA" box="[712,842,1592,1618]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. coronata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Lastly, the new species has very faint papillae on and in between primary and secondary knobs, which differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA1372051ACDDF9CE" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2019" box="[831,960,1628,1654]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="coronata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA1372051ACDDF9CE" box="[831,960,1628,1654]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. coronata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that has smooth knobs.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA6C32051AEDFF921" authority="Thomson & Simpson 1905" authorityName="Thomson & Simpson" authorityYear="1905" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA6C32051AA80F9CD" box="[1227,1437,1628,1654]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Antipathes elegans</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B731238FF9EA29F208DAEDFF921" author="Thomson, J. & Simpson, J. J." box="[151,450,1663,1690]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="93 - 106" refId="ref15171" refString="Thomson, J. & Simpson, J. J. (1905) Report on the Antipatharia collected by Prof. Herdman at Ceylon in 1902. Supplemental Report No. XXV to the Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, Part 4, 93 - 106." type="book chapter" year="1905">Thomson & Simpson 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA3F0208DACB4F921" authority="Thomson & Simpson 1905" authorityName="Thomson & Simpson" authorityYear="1905" box="[504,937,1663,1690]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gallensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA3F0208DAD14F921" box="[504,521,1664,1690]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA01E208DAD65F921" box="[534,632,1664,1690]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">gallensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B731238FF9EA077208DACB4F921" author="Thomson, J. & Simpson, J. J." box="[639,937,1663,1690]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="93 - 106" refId="ref15171" refString="Thomson, J. & Simpson, J. J. (1905) Report on the Antipatharia collected by Prof. Herdman at Ceylon in 1902. Supplemental Report No. XXV to the Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, Part 4, 93 - 106." type="book chapter" year="1905">Thomson & Simpson 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are also morphologically like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA6F2208DAA69F921" authority="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge, 2022" authorityName="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge" authorityYear="2022" box="[1274,1396,1664,1690]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="falkorae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA6F2208DAA69F921" box="[1274,1396,1664,1690]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. falkorae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA773208DAFD5F905" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357EB1238FF9EA773208DAFD5F905" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
where both have apical knobbing on the spines and faint papillae on the surface of the spines; however, the new species is different from both species by having more extensive knobbing (about six knobs per spine vs three to four in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA2BC20E1AE3AF8BD" authorityName="Thomson & Simpson" authorityYear="1905" box="[180,295,1772,1798]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA2BC20E1AE3AF8BD" box="[180,295,1772,1798]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA35520E1AEC0F8BD" authorityName="Thomson & Simpson" authorityYear="1905" box="[349,477,1772,1798]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gallensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA35520E1AEC0F8BD" box="[349,477,1772,1798]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. gallensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and a presence of secondary knobs that are lacking in these other species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821238FF9EA2CF211DACF2F865" blockId="7.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
This new species is phylogenetically similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA0D9211DAC43F891" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[721,862,1808,1834]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Arachnopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ericoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA0D9211DAC43F891" box="[721,862,1808,1834]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ar. ericoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA19A211DAB12F891" baseAuthorityName="Brook" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[914,1039,1808,1834]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aculeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA19A211DAB12F891" box="[914,1039,1808,1834]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. aculeata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Supplementary Table 3); however, the new species does not possess fused branches while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA1162139ACB2F8F5" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[798,943,1844,1870]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Arachnopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ericoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA1162139ACB2F8F5" box="[798,943,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ar. ericoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA1E32139AB70F8F5" baseAuthorityName="Brook" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[1003,1133,1844,1870]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aculeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA1E32139AB70F8F5" box="[1003,1133,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. aculeata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have high levels of fused branches. Additionally, the specimens representing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA0E22155AC70F8C9" baseAuthorityName="Brook" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[746,877,1880,1906]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aculeata">A. aculeata</taxonomicName>
|
||
are not
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CF88201238FF9EA1DC2155AB2BF8C9" box="[980,1078,1880,1906]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
or topotype specimens, which explains why they do not form a monophyletic relationship. The new species also has a low phylogenetic distance with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA2D921ADAE5EF802" authority="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge, 2022" authorityName="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge" authorityYear="2022" box="[209,323,1952,1978]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="morrisi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA2D921ADAE5EF802" box="[209,323,1952,1978]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. morrisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA34421ADAEBBF801" bold="true" box="[332,422,1952,1978]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357EB1238FF9EA34421ADAEBBF801" box="[332,422,1952,1978]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and a feature that unites the two new species is a presence of apical knobs on the spines. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA30321C9AE61F866" authority="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge, 2022" authorityName="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge" authorityYear="2022" box="[267,380,1988,2014]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="morrisi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA30321C9AE61F866" box="[267,380,1988,2014]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. morrisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA38B21C9AEC0F865" bold="true" box="[387,477,1988,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357EB1238FF9EA38B21C9AEC0F865" box="[387,477,1988,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has fused branches, unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011238FF9EA11A21C9AC93F865" authority="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge, 2022" authorityName="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge" authorityYear="2022" box="[786,910,1988,2014]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="falkorae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA11A21C9AC93F865" box="[786,910,1988,2014]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. falkorae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901238FF9EA19E21C9ACF2F865" bold="true" box="[918,1007,1988,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357EB1238FF9EA19E21C9ACF2F865" box="[918,1007,1988,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF0B660A1237FF91A29F215BABC7F80C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350046" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7350046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350046/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[151,250,1878,1902]" targetBox="[208,1379,179,1853]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821237FF91A29F215BABC7F80C" blockId="8.[151,1436,1878,1975]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901237FF91A29F215BAE08F8D5" bold="true" box="[151,277,1878,1902]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011237FF91A315215AAEF8F8D4" authority="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge, 2022" authorityName="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge" authorityYear="2022" box="[285,485,1879,1903]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="falkorae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901237FF91A315215AAEF8F8D4" box="[285,485,1879,1903]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Antipathes falkorae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901237FF91A3E6215AAD5FF8D5" bold="true" box="[494,578,1879,1903]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357EB1237FF91A3E6215AAD5FF8D5" box="[494,578,1879,1903]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype, MTQ G80067: A,
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901237FF91A17F215AACA5F8D5" box="[887,952,1879,1902]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">in-situ</emphasis>
|
||
image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C–E, sections of terminal branchlets showing spines (scale in C applicable for three subfigures); F–G, closeup of skeletal spines with knobs, secondary knobs, and papillae; H, image of polyp row on terminal branch.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E65091236FF90A2CF269AACE3FF6E" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821236FF90A2CF269AACE3FF6E" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901236FF90A2CF269AAE53FF0A" bold="true" box="[199,334,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
In recognition of the Schmidt Ocean Institute R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901236FF90A1AD269AACECFF0A" box="[933,1009,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Falkor</emphasis>
|
||
, onboard which this and many other black coral species were collected from the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E65091236FF90A2CF26D3ACF9FF42" box="[199,996,222,249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821236FF90A2CF26D3ACF9FF42" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,249]" box="[199,996,222,249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901236FF90A2CF26D3AE44FF43" bold="true" box="[199,345,222,248]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. Known only from the Great Barrier Reef at
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671236FF90A15B26D2AC85FF42" box="[851,920,223,249]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="111.0">111 m</quantity>
|
||
depth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |