335 lines
46 KiB
XML
335 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document id="12FA1F6736A272E1EB6EF64F24E0FC9A" ID-CLB-Dataset="22824" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4764.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="55f6b110-0a37-45fe-be1c-34e9a035fe0e" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3764923" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:53C5289A-156C-4AF1-B84A-73099A332C05" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1587733789776" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Van Ofwegen, Leen P." docDate="2020" docId="03BCB7172342FFB6FF3586A5FB6EF81A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4764.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4764 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Litophyton folium Van 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="103" masterDocId="FF85CF6F2321FFD0FFA2856EFFC1FFB1" masterDocTitle="The genus Litophyton Forskål, 1775 (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Nephtheidae) from Australia" masterLastPageNumber="131" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="100" updateTime="1698837010817" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="762E91CB9163401EC9D802A06126D861" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="4EB3FB99F22F696CF84BE2B8DE3F04BF">
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<mods:title id="1ECC9EEAA5AB024254F08341496BAE57">The genus Litophyton Forskål, 1775 (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Nephtheidae) from Australia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="3548500DC8E7069F597C076AFA03055E" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="51F3DDE59B7FA170289BBD571A6284AA">
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<mods:roleTerm id="783C0006C5EE867A777560C709E49330">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="2524C2975FB4D32F8003D3299450877B">Van Ofwegen, Leen P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E6DC98538C39340B463364951A23C2CC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="869C04D7DFE848DF566F3BA9EF8F305C">
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<mods:title id="533BCED4BE0FEE84A4CE870E0A1DC6EA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="B7C1FDD9861BD3DEE46FEB8D0F3BA0F9">
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<mods:date id="BE3B9F908235F63659E0BFBB8D6B30F3">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="2369A618003D48867165792A64EEEEA5" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="C4BED2C7108D6366480C20EC1AA8B68F">2020-04-16</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="6FDF129FE7BC978EB45D4D799D412FF4" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="ED2E4EFE27AE24D967D9FBBC9949F7BB">4764</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="F846B561EF38F1E9EFCE653488744C4B" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="9A74414A5318C2C8F13CFD525F287CFB">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="96FEFAEE49EA8B5E9C643BFE7BC51673">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="3EFEF0E69BEF50757C276800E0A501EA">131</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="B39DB840B79C1411DF93FDD398BD7A27">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6368983C5F6B786350D66ADFF7B43992" type="CLB-Dataset">22824</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="173529D3D39E10EE9707A1CF24753261" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4764.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="669AAB86D7F2B1E8E0A8DD4AE85A3A05" type="GBIF-Dataset">55f6b110-0a37-45fe-be1c-34e9a035fe0e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1C44D8E56CF2C2B9C3FF5479BBF82D36" type="ISSN">1175-5334</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="91704319C4C5AE20F84221DCEE286F55" type="Zenodo-Dep">3764923</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D939C0084EBD7CFA4FD4791009097E34" type="ZooBank">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:53C5289A-156C-4AF1-B84A-73099A332C05</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03BCB7172342FFB6FF3586A5FB6EF81A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3803576" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163737700" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3803576" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BCB7172342FFB6FF3586A5FB6EF81A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BCB7172342FFB6FF3586A5FB6EF81A" lastPageId="102" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
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<subSubSection id="C30F558A2342FFB3FF3586A5FE0FFC57" box="[151,462,971,998]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAA06012342FFB3FF3586A5FE0FFC57" blockId="99.[151,462,971,1034]" box="[151,462,971,998]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
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<heading id="D0E2B16D2342FFB3FF3586A5FE0FFC57" box="[151,462,971,998]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
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<taxonomicName id="4C157D822342FFB3FF3586A5FEA8FC54" ID-CoL="866MS" authority="Van, 2020" authorityName="Van" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,361,971,997]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="folium" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B961DA132342FFB3FF3586A5FEA8FC54" box="[151,361,971,997]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Litophyton folium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B961DA132342FFB3FED286A2FE0FFC57" bold="true" box="[368,462,972,998]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25267682342FFB3FED286A2FE0FFC57" box="[368,462,972,998]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30F558A2342FFB3FF358681FE7CFBBB" box="[151,445,1006,1034]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAA06012342FFB3FF358681FE7CFBBB" blockId="99.[151,462,971,1034]" box="[151,445,1006,1034]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
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(
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<figureCitation id="132E1A842342FFB3FF3D8681FF39FBB8" box="[159,248,1007,1033]" captionStart="FIGURE 80" captionStartId="100.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@100.[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="100" captionText="FIGURE 80. Litophyton type specimens: a, L. crassum (Kükenthal, 1903), NHMW C2370; b, L. capnelliformis (Thomson & Dean, 1931), two parts of holotype ZMA COEL. 2925; c, L. darleyensis n. sp., holotype NTM C1155; d-e, L. folium n. sp., d, holotype NTM C4128; e, paratype NTM C10456. All natural size." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765091/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Figs. 80</figureCitation>
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d-e, 85a-b; 86-88)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30F558A2342FFB3FF358158FD47FB50" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BAA06012342FFB3FF358158FD47FB50" blockId="99.[151,1437,1078,2042]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
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<emphasis id="B961DA132342FFB3FF358158FEB5FBE0" bold="true" box="[151,372,1078,1105]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Material examined</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B7D0C5C2342FFB3FE218159FE5BFBC4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608549238" collectingDate="1981-04-16" collectionCode="NTM" collectorName="Z. Dinesen" elevation="13" location="Davies" municipality="Great Barrier Reef" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" specimenCode="NTM C4128" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Queensland" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54AEB8A32342FFB3FE218159FE28FBE0" box="[387,489,1079,1105]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCode id="DBB3AE7A2342FFB3FE528156FD42FBE0" box="[496,643,1079,1106]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">NTM C4128</specimenCode>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49D1C8E32342FFB3FD2D8159FCD7FBE0" box="[655,790,1079,1105]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Queensland</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BCE9C7B2342FFB3FC808159FC31FBE0" box="[802,1008,1079,1105]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Great Barrier Reef</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="8ECA50DA2342FFB3FC598159FB88FBE0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BCB7172342FFB6FF3586A5FB6EF81A:8ECA50DA2342FFB3FC598159FB88FBE0" box="[1019,1097,1079,1105]" municipality="Great Barrier Reef" name="Davies" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" stateProvince="Queensland">Davies</location>
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reef, depth
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<quantity id="4CEDABE42342FFB3FB738158FAF3FBE3" box="[1233,1330,1078,1106]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">
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<elevation id="0038E1322342FFB3FB738158FAF3FBE3" box="[1233,1330,1078,1106]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10-15 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFAB20C12342FFB3FA9D8159FF10FBC4" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" value="1981-04-16">
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<collectingDate id="EFEFD9292342FFB3FA9D8159FF10FBC4" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" value="1981-04-16">16 April 1981</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, coll.
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<collectorName id="26E063D72342FFB3FEBB8132FE5BFBC4" box="[281,410,1115,1142]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Z. Dinesen</collectorName>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<typeStatus id="54AEB8A32342FFB3FE058132FDD6FBC7" box="[423,535,1116,1142]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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: NTM C4123, same data as
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<typeStatus id="54AEB8A32342FFB3FCC38135FC06FBC4" box="[865,967,1115,1141]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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; NTM C4147,
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<collectingRegion id="49D1C8E32342FFB3FBD48135FB3CFBC4" box="[1142,1277,1115,1141]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Queensland</collectingRegion>
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, Great Barrier Reef, Davies reef, depth
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<quantity id="4CEDABE42342FFB3FE138110FDD2FB2B" box="[433,531,1150,1178]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15-20 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFAB20C12342FFB3FD828111FD00FB28" box="[544,705,1151,1177]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" value="1981-04-16">16 April 1981</date>
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, coll. Z. Dinesen; NTM C4386,
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<collectingRegion id="49D1C8E32342FFB3FB978111FB7DFB28" box="[1077,1212,1151,1177]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Queensland</collectingRegion>
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, Great Barrier Reef, Davies reef, depth
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<quantity id="4CEDABE42342FFB3FECF81CCFE0CFB0F" box="[365,461,1186,1214]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15-20 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFAB20C12342FFB3FE7881CCFDB8FB0C" box="[474,633,1186,1213]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" value="1981-04-15">15 April 1981</date>
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, coll. Z. Dinesen; NTM C10456 GBR 1; Great Barrier Reef, Cockburn reef,
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<date id="FFAB20C12342FFB3FF7381A9FE68FB50" box="[209,425,1223,1249]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" value="1990-12-12">12 December 1990</date>
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, coll. P. Alderslade.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30F558A2342FFB3FF658184FC77F890" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAA06012342FFB3FF658184FD7EFA98" blockId="99.[151,1437,1078,2042]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
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<emphasis id="B961DA132342FFB3FF658184FE8FFAB4" bold="true" box="[199,334,1258,1285]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Description</emphasis>
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. The
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<typeStatus id="54AEB8A32342FFB3FE2E8185FE2AFAB4" box="[396,491,1259,1285]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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is
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<quantity id="4CEDABE42342FFB3FDA98185FD80FAB7" box="[523,577,1259,1286]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="cm" value="8.0">8 cm</quantity>
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high and
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<quantity id="4CEDABE42342FFB3FD0F8184FD36FAB7" box="[685,759,1258,1286]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="cm" value="8.5">8.5 cm</quantity>
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wide, the stalk is
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<quantity id="4CEDABE42342FFB3FC198184FBC4FAB7" box="[955,1029,1258,1286]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
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long (
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<figureCitation id="132E1A842342FFB3FBE98185FB6BFAB7" box="[1099,1194,1259,1286]" captionStart="FIGURE 80" captionStartId="100.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@100.[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="100" captionText="FIGURE 80. Litophyton type specimens: a, L. crassum (Kükenthal, 1903), NHMW C2370; b, L. capnelliformis (Thomson & Dean, 1931), two parts of holotype ZMA COEL. 2925; c, L. darleyensis n. sp., holotype NTM C1155; d-e, L. folium n. sp., d, holotype NTM C4128; e, paratype NTM C10456. All natural size." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765091/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 80d</figureCitation>
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). The polyps are up to
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<quantity id="4CEDABE42342FFB3FF358061FF2AFA9B" box="[151,235,1295,1322]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
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wide and high, grouped in conical catkins.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAA06012342FFB3FF65805DFECBF9B3" blockId="99.[151,1437,1078,2042]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
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<emphasis id="B961DA132342FFB3FF65805DFED5FAFC" bold="true" box="[199,276,1331,1357]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Polyps</emphasis>
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. With irregular arrangement of sclerites in eight points (
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<figureCitation id="132E1A842342FFB3FCDC805DFC1DFAFC" box="[894,988,1330,1357]" captionStart="FIGURE 85" captionStartId="106.[151,248,1418,1443]" captionTargetBox="[158,1420,189,1384]" captionTargetId="figure@106.[151,1436,181,1393]" captionTargetPageId="106" captionText="FIGURE 85. Lateral views polyp armature of Litophyton species: a-b, L. folium n. sp., a, holotype NTM C4128, b, paratype NTM C10456; c, L. fusum n. sp., holotype NTM C4366; d; L. horseshoeensis, n. sp., holotype NTM C2256; e-f, L. sanctuaryensis n. sp., e, holotype NTM C1387; f, paratype NTM C4383; g. L. swainensis n. sp., holotype NTM C1371; h, L. verrucosum n. sp., holotype NTM C4071." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765101/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 85a</figureCitation>
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). Abaxially and lateral point sclerites are spindles; abaxially up to
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<quantity id="4CEDABE42342FFB3FE048039FDC6FAC3" box="[422,519,1367,1394]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.40 mm</quantity>
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long, with spines and a few distal leaves (
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<figureCitation id="132E1A842342FFB3FC728039FBEFFAC3" box="[976,1070,1367,1394]" captionStart="FIGURE 86" captionStartId="107.[151,248,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@107.[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="107" captionText="FIGURE 86. Litophyton folium n. sp., holotype NTM C4128; a, abaxial and lateral point spindles; b, adaxial point spindles; c-d, tentacle rods and scales; e, supporting bundle spindles; f-g, sclerites of surface layer top of stalk; h-i, sclerites of surface layer base of stalk. Scale at a also applies to e, g, i; scale at b also applies to c, f, h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765103/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 86a</figureCitation>
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); laterally they are up to
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<quantity id="4CEDABE42342FFB3FA998039FA5DFAC3" box="[1339,1436,1367,1394]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.20 mm</quantity>
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long, with spines. Adaxially there are small, bent rods (
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<figureCitation id="132E1A842342FFB3FCA08015FCA3FA27" box="[770,866,1403,1430]" captionStart="FIGURE 86" captionStartId="107.[151,248,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@107.[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="107" captionText="FIGURE 86. Litophyton folium n. sp., holotype NTM C4128; a, abaxial and lateral point spindles; b, adaxial point spindles; c-d, tentacle rods and scales; e, supporting bundle spindles; f-g, sclerites of surface layer top of stalk; h-i, sclerites of surface layer base of stalk. Scale at a also applies to e, g, i; scale at b also applies to c, f, h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765103/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 86b</figureCitation>
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), up to
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<quantity id="4CEDABE42342FFB3FC188015FBDCFA27" box="[954,1053,1403,1430]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.10 mm</quantity>
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long. The tentacles have rods and scales (
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<figureCitation id="132E1A842342FFB3FF4580F1FEF7FA0B" box="[231,310,1439,1466]" captionStart="FIGURE 86" captionStartId="107.[151,248,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@107.[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="107" captionText="FIGURE 86. Litophyton folium n. sp., holotype NTM C4128; a, abaxial and lateral point spindles; b, adaxial point spindles; c-d, tentacle rods and scales; e, supporting bundle spindles; f-g, sclerites of surface layer top of stalk; h-i, sclerites of surface layer base of stalk. Scale at a also applies to e, g, i; scale at b also applies to c, f, h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765103/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 86</figureCitation>
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c-d). The polyp stalk has a few straight rods, up to
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<quantity id="4CEDABE42342FFB3FCC080F1FC05FA0B" box="[866,964,1439,1466]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.10 mm</quantity>
|
|
long (not depicted). Supporting bundle not projecting or slightly so, composed of spindles, up to
|
|
<quantity id="4CEDABE42342FFB3FD4C80ADFC90FA6F" box="[750,849,1475,1502]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.70 mm</quantity>
|
|
long, with simple tubercles and distally some spines (
|
|
<figureCitation id="132E1A842342FFB3FF3D8089FF3CF9B3" box="[159,253,1511,1538]" captionStart="FIGURE 86" captionStartId="107.[151,248,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@107.[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="107" captionText="FIGURE 86. Litophyton folium n. sp., holotype NTM C4128; a, abaxial and lateral point spindles; b, adaxial point spindles; c-d, tentacle rods and scales; e, supporting bundle spindles; f-g, sclerites of surface layer top of stalk; h-i, sclerites of surface layer base of stalk. Scale at a also applies to e, g, i; scale at b also applies to c, f, h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765103/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 86e</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAA06012342FFB3FF658364FE95F9DC" blockId="99.[151,1437,1078,2042]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
|
|
<emphasis id="B961DA132342FFB3FF658364FE13F994" bold="true" box="[199,466,1546,1573]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Surface layer top stalk</emphasis>
|
|
. Derivatives of capstans,
|
|
<quantity id="4CEDABE42342FFB3FD528364FC4DF997" box="[752,908,1546,1574]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="0.1" valueMax="0.15" valueMin="0.05">0.05-0.15 mm</quantity>
|
|
long; spindles and unilaterally spinose spindles are also present, up to
|
|
<quantity id="4CEDABE42342FFB3FE2B8340FE2BF9FB" box="[393,490,1582,1610]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.50 mm</quantity>
|
|
long, with simple and complex tubercles (
|
|
<figureCitation id="132E1A842342FFB3FC148341FBC5F9FB" box="[950,1028,1583,1610]" captionStart="FIGURE 86" captionStartId="107.[151,248,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@107.[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="107" captionText="FIGURE 86. Litophyton folium n. sp., holotype NTM C4128; a, abaxial and lateral point spindles; b, adaxial point spindles; c-d, tentacle rods and scales; e, supporting bundle spindles; f-g, sclerites of surface layer top of stalk; h-i, sclerites of surface layer base of stalk. Scale at a also applies to e, g, i; scale at b also applies to c, f, h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765103/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 86</figureCitation>
|
|
f-g). The unilaterally spinose sclerites have long spines.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAA06012342FFB3FF658318FDD9F968" blockId="99.[151,1437,1078,2042]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
|
|
<emphasis id="B961DA132342FFB3FF658318FE23F920" bold="true" box="[199,482,1654,1681]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Surface layer base stalk</emphasis>
|
|
. Capstans, derivatives of capstans, spindles, and unilaterally spinose spindles, mostly with simple tubercles (
|
|
<figureCitation id="132E1A842342FFB3FE3783F5FE24F907" box="[405,485,1691,1718]" captionStart="FIGURE 86" captionStartId="107.[151,248,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@107.[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="107" captionText="FIGURE 86. Litophyton folium n. sp., holotype NTM C4128; a, abaxial and lateral point spindles; b, adaxial point spindles; c-d, tentacle rods and scales; e, supporting bundle spindles; f-g, sclerites of surface layer top of stalk; h-i, sclerites of surface layer base of stalk. Scale at a also applies to e, g, i; scale at b also applies to c, f, h." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765103/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 86</figureCitation>
|
|
h-i). The spines of the spinose sclerites are very long. Capstans
|
|
<quantity id="4CEDABE42342FFB3FB1D83F4FA9AF907" box="[1215,1371,1690,1718]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="0.125" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.05">0.05-0.20 mm</quantity>
|
|
long; spindles up to about
|
|
<quantity id="4CEDABE42342FFB3FEDA83D1FE18F96B" box="[376,473,1727,1754]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.40 mm</quantity>
|
|
long.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAA06012342FFB3FF65838CFC77F890" blockId="99.[151,1437,1078,2042]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
|
|
<emphasis id="B961DA132342FFB3FF65838CFEA1F94C" bold="true" box="[199,352,1762,1789]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Interior stalk</emphasis>
|
|
. Spindles, up to
|
|
<quantity id="4CEDABE42342FFB3FDAD838DFD8DF94F" box="[527,588,1763,1790]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
|
long, with pointed ends (
|
|
<figureCitation id="132E1A842342FFB3FCFA838DFC72F94F" box="[856,947,1763,1790]" captionStart="FIGURE 87" captionStartId="108.[151,248,1396,1421]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1370]" captionTargetId="figure@108.[164,1423,181,1370]" captionTargetPageId="108" captionText="FIGURE 87. Litophyton folium n. sp., holotype NTM C4128; a-b, spindles of interior base of stalk; c, tuberculation of interior base stalk spindle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765105/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 87b</figureCitation>
|
|
) and simple and complex tubercles (
|
|
<figureCitation id="132E1A842342FFB3FA9B838DFA51F94F" box="[1337,1424,1763,1790]" captionStart="FIGURE 87" captionStartId="108.[151,248,1396,1421]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1370]" captionTargetId="figure@108.[164,1423,181,1370]" captionTargetPageId="108" captionText="FIGURE 87. Litophyton folium n. sp., holotype NTM C4128; a-b, spindles of interior base of stalk; c, tuberculation of interior base stalk spindle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765105/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig.87c</figureCitation>
|
|
); especially the smaller spindles with one or more side branches (
|
|
<figureCitation id="132E1A842342FFB3FCEE8269FC6BF890" box="[844,938,1799,1825]" captionStart="FIGURE 87" captionStartId="108.[151,248,1396,1421]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1370]" captionTargetId="figure@108.[164,1423,181,1370]" captionTargetPageId="108" captionText="FIGURE 87. Litophyton folium n. sp., holotype NTM C4128; a-b, spindles of interior base of stalk; c, tuberculation of interior base stalk spindle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765105/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 87a</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C30F558A2342FFB3FF658245FC6EF8F4" box="[199,943,1835,1862]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAA06012342FFB3FF658245FC6EF8F4" blockId="99.[151,1437,1078,2042]" box="[199,943,1835,1862]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
|
|
<emphasis id="B961DA132342FFB3FF658245FE8AF8F4" bold="true" box="[199,331,1835,1861]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
|
The Latin
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C157D822342FFB3FE608245FDC9F8F4" authorityName="Van" authorityYear="2020" box="[450,520,1835,1861]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="folium">
|
|
<emphasis id="B961DA132342FFB3FE608245FDC9F8F4" box="[450,520,1835,1861]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">folium</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, leaf, refers to the leafy point spindles.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C30F558A2342FFB3FF658220FCA8F8D8" box="[199,873,1870,1898]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAA06012342FFB3FF658220FCA8F8D8" blockId="99.[151,1437,1078,2042]" box="[199,873,1870,1898]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
|
|
<emphasis id="B961DA132342FFB3FF658220FE94F8D8" bold="true" box="[199,341,1870,1897]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Distribution</emphasis>
|
|
. Great Barrier Reef: Davies reef, Cockburn reef.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C30F558A2342FFB6FF65821DFB6EF81A" lastPageId="102" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAA06012342FFB3FF65821DFC16F848" blockId="99.[151,1437,1078,2042]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
|
|
<emphasis id="B961DA132342FFB3FF65821DFEF3F83C" bold="true" box="[199,306,1907,1933]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Remarks</emphasis>
|
|
. NTM C4147, NTM C4386, and NTM C10456 (
|
|
<figureCitation id="132E1A842342FFB3FCF3821DFC6DF83C" box="[849,940,1907,1933]" captionStart="FIGURE 80" captionStartId="100.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@100.[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="100" captionText="FIGURE 80. Litophyton type specimens: a, L. crassum (Kükenthal, 1903), NHMW C2370; b, L. capnelliformis (Thomson & Dean, 1931), two parts of holotype ZMA COEL. 2925; c, L. darleyensis n. sp., holotype NTM C1155; d-e, L. folium n. sp., d, holotype NTM C4128; e, paratype NTM C10456. All natural size." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765091/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 80e</figureCitation>
|
|
) have slightly less developed polyp sclerites, seldom with distal leafy appearance (
|
|
<figureCitation id="132E1A842342FFB3FD8C82F9FDBEF800" box="[558,639,1943,1969]" captionStart="FIGURE 88" captionStartId="109.[151,250,1910,1935]" captionTargetBox="[190,1397,181,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[190,1397,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURE 88. Litophyton folium n. sp., paratype NTM C10456; a, abaxial point spindles; b, lateral point spindles; c-d, adaxial and tentacle sclerites; e, polyp stalk rods; f, supporting bundle spindle; g, sclerites of surface layer top of stalk; h, sclerites of surface layer base of stalk; i-j, spindles of interior base of stalk; k, tuberculation of interior base stalk spindle. Scale at a also applies to f-i; scale at b also applies to c, e." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765107/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 88</figureCitation>
|
|
). The surface stalk sclerites of the base of NTM C10456 are less spiny (
|
|
<figureCitation id="132E1A842342FFB3FF0282D5FF3FF867" box="[160,254,1979,2006]" captionStart="FIGURE 88" captionStartId="109.[151,250,1910,1935]" captionTargetBox="[190,1397,181,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[190,1397,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURE 88. Litophyton folium n. sp., paratype NTM C10456; a, abaxial point spindles; b, lateral point spindles; c-d, adaxial and tentacle sclerites; e, polyp stalk rods; f, supporting bundle spindle; g, sclerites of surface layer top of stalk; h, sclerites of surface layer base of stalk; i-j, spindles of interior base of stalk; k, tuberculation of interior base stalk spindle. Scale at a also applies to f-i; scale at b also applies to c, e." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765107/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 88h</figureCitation>
|
|
) and the internal stalk sclerites are shorter and less branched (
|
|
<figureCitation id="132E1A842342FFB3FC0E82D5FBC6F867" box="[940,1031,1979,2006]" captionStart="FIGURE 88" captionStartId="109.[151,250,1910,1935]" captionTargetBox="[190,1397,181,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[190,1397,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURE 88. Litophyton folium n. sp., paratype NTM C10456; a, abaxial point spindles; b, lateral point spindles; c-d, adaxial and tentacle sclerites; e, polyp stalk rods; f, supporting bundle spindle; g, sclerites of surface layer top of stalk; h, sclerites of surface layer base of stalk; i-j, spindles of interior base of stalk; k, tuberculation of interior base stalk spindle. Scale at a also applies to f-i; scale at b also applies to c, e." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765107/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 88j</figureCitation>
|
|
). Sclerite sampling of NTM C10456 was done somewhat above the base of the stalk, causing these differences.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="DF6A56892345FFB4FF3582F7FCF5F84B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765091" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3765091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765091/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" startId="100.[151,250,1945,1970]" targetBox="[178,1409,181,1919]" targetPageId="100">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAA06012345FFB4FF3582F7FCF5F84B" blockId="100.[151,1437,1945,2042]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<emphasis id="B961DA132345FFB4FF3582F7FEDAF803" bold="true" box="[151,283,1945,1970]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">FIGURE 80</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C157D822345FFB4FE8882F4FE59F803" authorityName="Forskal" authorityYear="1775" box="[298,408,1946,1970]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B961DA132345FFB4FE8882F4FE59F803" box="[298,408,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Litophyton</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
type specimens: a,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C157D822345FFB4FDC582F4FC59F803" authority="(Kukenthal, 1903)" baseAuthorityName="Kukenthal" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[615,920,1945,1970]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="crassum">
|
|
<emphasis id="B961DA132345FFB4FDC582F4FD16F800" box="[615,727,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">L. crassum</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF847BF02345FFB4FD4582F7FC50F803" author="Kukenthal" box="[743,913,1945,1970]" firstAuthor="Kukenthal" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="99 - 178" refId="ref42184" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1903) Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien. II. Die Familie der Nephthyiden. Zoologische Jahrbucher, 19 (1), 99 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19040" type="journal article" year="1903">Kükenthal, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, NHMW C2370; b,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C157D822345FFB4FBCB82F4FED5F867" authority="(Thomson & Dean, 1931)" authorityName="Timor" baseAuthorityName="Thomson & Dean" baseAuthorityYear="1931" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="capnelliformis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B961DA132345FFB4FBCB82F4FAD2F803" box="[1129,1299,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">L. capnelliformis</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF847BF02345FFB4FA8382F7FECCF867" author="Thomson & Dean" firstAuthor="Thomson" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="1 - 227" refId="ref42604" refString="Thomson, J. A., Dean, L. M. (1931) The Alcyonacea of the Siboga Expedition with an addendum to the Gorgonacea. Siboga Expedition Monographs, 13 d, 1 - 227." type="journal article" year="1931">Thomson & Dean, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, two parts of holotype ZMA COEL. 2925; c,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C157D822345FFB4FD4482D0FCB3F867" authority="Van, 2020" authorityName="Van" authorityYear="2020" box="[742,882,1982,2006]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="darleyensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="B961DA132345FFB4FD4482D0FCB3F867" box="[742,882,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">L. darleyensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis id="B961DA132345FFB4FCDB82D0FC78F867" bold="true" box="[889,953,1982,2006]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25267682345FFB4FCDB82D0FC75F867" box="[889,948,1982,2006]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
,
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
holotype NTM C1155; d-e,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C157D822345FFB4FB4282D0FAFAF867" authority="Van, 2020" authorityName="Van" authorityYear="2020" box="[1248,1339,1982,2006]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="folium" status="sp. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="B961DA132345FFB4FB4282D0FAFAF867" box="[1248,1339,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">L. folium</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis id="B961DA132345FFB4FAE082D0FA43F867" bold="true" box="[1346,1410,1982,2006]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25267682345FFB4FAE082D0FABCF867" box="[1346,1405,1982,2006]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
,
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
d, holotype NTM C4128; e, paratype NTM C10456. All natural size.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<caption id="DF6A56892344FFB5FF358218FC7FF84A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765093" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3765093" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765093/files/figure.png" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" startId="101.[151,250,1910,1935]" targetBox="[193,1394,192,1878]" targetPageId="101">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAA06012344FFB5FF358218FC7FF84A" blockId="101.[151,1437,1910,2043]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
|
|
<emphasis id="B961DA132344FFB5FF358218FED8F83E" bold="true" box="[151,281,1910,1935]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">FIGURE 81</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C157D822344FFB5FE858219FD6CF83E" authority="(Kukenthal, 1903)" baseAuthorityName="Kukenthal" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[295,685,1910,1935]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="crassum">
|
|
<emphasis id="B961DA132344FFB5FE858219FE2EF83E" box="[295,495,1911,1935]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Litophyton crassum</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF847BF02344FFB5FE5F8218FD67F83E" author="Kukenthal" box="[509,678,1910,1935]" firstAuthor="Kukenthal" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="99 - 178" refId="ref42184" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1903) Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonarien. II. Die Familie der Nephthyiden. Zoologische Jahrbucher, 19 (1), 99 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19040" type="journal article" year="1903">Kükenthal, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, NHMW C2370; a, abaxial view polyp armature; b, adaxial view of polyp armature; c, abaxial point spindles; d, adaxial and tentacle sclerites; e, polyp stalk rods; f, supporting bundle spindle, partly; g-h, sclerites of surface layer top of stalk; j, sclerites of surface layer base of stalk; i, spindles of interior top of stalk; k-l, spindles of interior base of stalk; Scale at d also applies to e; scale at k also applies to c, f, g-j.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<caption id="DF6A56892347FFB6FF358368FE5FF93A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765095" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3765095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765095/files/figure.png" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" startId="102.[151,248,1542,1567]" targetBox="[158,1432,184,1508]" targetPageId="102">
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<paragraph id="8BAA06012347FFB6FF358368FE5FF93A" blockId="102.[151,1437,1542,1675]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
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<emphasis id="B961DA132347FFB6FF358368FED9F9AE" bold="true" box="[151,280,1542,1567]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">FIGURE 82</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C157D822347FFB6FE868369FCF0F9AE" authority="(Thomson & Dean, 1931)" authorityName="Timor" baseAuthorityName="Thomson & Dean" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[292,817,1542,1567]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="capnelliformis">
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<emphasis id="B961DA132347FFB6FE868369FE53F9AE" box="[292,402,1543,1567]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Litophyton</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B961DA132347FFB6FE3B8369FDE6F9AE" box="[409,551,1543,1567]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">capnelliformis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF847BF02347FFB6FD978368FCEBF9AE" author="Thomson & Dean" box="[565,810,1542,1567]" firstAuthor="Thomson" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" pagination="1 - 227" refId="ref42604" refString="Thomson, J. A., Dean, L. M. (1931) The Alcyonacea of the Siboga Expedition with an addendum to the Gorgonacea. Siboga Expedition Monographs, 13 d, 1 - 227." type="journal article" year="1931">Thomson & Dean, 1931</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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, holotype ZMA COEL. 2925; a, lateral view polyp armature; b, abaxial point spindles; c, adaxial and tentacle sclerites; d, supporting bundle spindles; e, sclerites of surface layer top of stalk; f, sclerites of surface layer base of stalk; g-h, spindles of interior base of stalk; i, tuberculation of interior base stalk spindle. Scale at f also applies to b, d-e, h-i.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BAA06012347FFB6FF6583D4FDC7F946" blockId="102.[151,1436,1720,1964]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
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<taxonomicName id="4C157D822347FFB6FF6583D4FDBBF962" authority="(Kukenthal, 1895) (Ternate)" baseAuthorityName="Kukenthal" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[199,634,1720,1748]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="debilis">
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<emphasis id="B961DA132347FFB6FF6583D4FF16F962" box="[199,215,1722,1747]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">L</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B961DA132347FFB6FF4583D7FEF3F962" box="[231,306,1721,1747]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">debilis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF847BF02347FFB6FEE183D7FDC3F962" author="Kukenthal" box="[323,514,1720,1747]" firstAuthor="Kukenthal" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" pagination="426 - 436" refId="ref42159" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1895) Alcyonaceen von Ternate. Fam. Nephthyidae Verrill. Zoologische Anzeiger, 488, 426 - 436." type="journal article" year="1895">Kükenthal, 1895</bibRefCitation>
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) (
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<collectingCountry id="F30246912347FFB6FDB983D7FDB3F962" box="[539,626,1721,1747]" name="Indonesia" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Ternate</collectingCountry>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="132E1A842347FFB6FD2E83D7FD39F962" box="[652,760,1721,1747]" captionStart="FIGURE 69" captionStartId="88.[151,248,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@88.[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 69. Litophyton type specimens: a-c, L. brachiatum n. sp., a, holotype NTM C4154, b, paratype NTM C1473, c, paratype NTM C4179; d, L. bayeri (Verseveldt, 1966), syntypes RMNH 2239; e, L. debilis (Kükenthal, 1895) holotype SMF 64; f, L.burfordensis n. sp., holotype NTM C3171. All natural size." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765067/files/figure.png" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Figs. 69e</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132E1A842347FFB6FCA483D4FCE2F965" box="[774,803,1722,1748]" captionStart="FIGURE 77" captionStartId="96.[151,248,1910,1935]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,186,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@96.[190,1397,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="FIGURE 77. Litophyton debilis (Kükenthal, 1895), holotype SMF 64; a, lateral view polyp armature; b, abaxial view of polyp armature; c, abaxial point spindles; d, adaxial and tentacle scales; e, polyp stalk rods; f, supporting bundle spindle, partly; g, sclerites of surface layer top of stalk; h, sclerites of surface layer base of stalk; i-j, spindles of interior base of stalk. Scale at f also applies to c, g-i; scale at d also applies to e." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765085" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3765085/files/figure.png" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">77</figureCitation>
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) resembles this species but has the larger interior stalk spindles also with side branches.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAA06012347FFB6FF65826FFDA9F88E" blockId="102.[151,1436,1720,1964]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
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The species also resembles
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<taxonomicName id="4C157D822347FFB6FE4D826CFD46F8AA" authority="Van, 2020" authorityName="Van" authorityYear="2020" box="[495,647,1793,1820]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="darleyensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B961DA132347FFB6FE4D826CFE3FF8AA" box="[495,510,1794,1819]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">L</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B961DA132347FFB6FDA9826FFD46F8AA" box="[523,647,1793,1819]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">darleyensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25267682347FFB6FD2E826CFD1EF8AD" box="[652,735,1794,1820]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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but has more developed point sclerites, more unilaterally spinose sclerites and shorter interior stalk spindles.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAA06012347FFB6FF658224FB6EF81A" blockId="102.[151,1436,1720,1964]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
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In group V also
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<taxonomicName id="4C157D822347FFB6FED48224FDF9F8D2" authority="Van, 2020" authorityName="Van" authorityYear="2020" box="[374,568,1866,1892]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sanctuaryensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B961DA132347FFB6FED48224FE47F8D2" box="[374,390,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">L</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B961DA132347FFB6FE308224FDF9F8D2" box="[402,568,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">sanctuaryensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25267682347FFB6FD9D8224FD4CF8D5" box="[575,653,1866,1892]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C157D822347FFB6FD638224FCA3F8D2" authority="Van, 2020" authorityName="Van" authorityYear="2020" box="[705,866,1866,1892]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrucosum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B961DA132347FFB6FD638224FD10F8D2" box="[705,721,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">L</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B961DA132347FFB6FD7C8224FCA3F8D2" box="[734,866,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">verrucosum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25267682347FFB6FCCA8224FC7DF8D5" box="[872,956,1866,1892]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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have unilaterally spinose sclerites with long spines.
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<taxonomicName id="4C157D822347FFB6FF488200FE71F836" authorityName="Van" authorityYear="2020" box="[234,432,1902,1928]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sanctuaryensis">
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<emphasis id="B961DA132347FFB6FF488200FF3BF836" box="[234,250,1902,1927]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">L</emphasis>
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.
|
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<emphasis id="B961DA132347FFB6FEA88200FE71F836" box="[266,432,1902,1927]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">sanctuaryensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
differs in having much more robust interior stalk sclerites and the smaller ones are less branched.
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C157D822347FFB6FEAE82FCFE6CF81A" authorityName="Van" authorityYear="2020" box="[268,429,1938,1964]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrucosum">
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<emphasis id="B961DA132347FFB6FEAE82FCFEDDF81A" box="[268,284,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">L</emphasis>
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.
|
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<emphasis id="B961DA132347FFB6FE8B82FCFE6CF81A" box="[297,429,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">verrucosum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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also has more robust interior stalk sclerites, which are not branched.
|
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |