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<document id="F9F9FDBFBAF96DA11E2F4E5536DFEDA1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3741.4.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="90d345fb-a5ad-4885-92b0-2a57ecfbd3b6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="219248" ID-ZooBank="4553974F-ECF6-4A10-9DAC-A90023AE7E92" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460704243725" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chang, Wei-Chun &amp; Wu, Shipher" docDate="2013" docId="251B7147FE78FFB4FF1FFA24FBE599FB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03741p550.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3741 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hemistola kezukai Inoue 1978" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="544" masterDocId="D922093FFE7DFFB2FF88FFEAFFAB9F77" masterDocTitle="Review of the genus Hemistola Warren, 1893 in Taiwan with notes on an unusual conifer-feeding larva and descriptions of three new species (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Geometrinae)" masterLastPageNumber="550" masterPageNumber="538" pageNumber="543" updateTime="1698356780907" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="10F977FCDF57F94F2A700B2C003EC2EC" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="61320921BBF8C8A14DD361AB80881030">Review of the genus Hemistola Warren, 1893 in Taiwan with notes on an unusual conifer-feeding larva and descriptions of three new species (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Geometrinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="CCBDFD1C956F3F6BC913D7448C911CC5" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0279A30882F419057B5193DB7FB5ADAF">Chang, Wei-Chun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="B9583001C29BFB329502087E5120F964" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4A8D64EA82DBB47745E57D04AC93ED22">Wu, Shipher</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="7041FFFC6BD4D05F41EA6F79BFD8D7D3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2EF6772416AED7AEF37ABD998598C290">
<mods:date id="079DCA11E28FFB8268609A82582918D0">2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="63F46C3F1713B520E7364F68E00718C0" type="volume">
<mods:number id="77FC542D5C4E5F2679F3CBD1AA6A88B7">3741</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="3F757B44B743259EFDA201FE35D4157D" type="issue">
<mods:number id="190BA9E77EE540088F2D64A8C30355AC">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="7C2AE8105F07B67A84E6C5FEAA0CB4D4">538</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="F56C26BA176935957A1CA3D56483727B">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="33E930772BEBBF6D0DDE1270F0D04948" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3741.4.5</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BABD41D1B6197E8BB1181B57FB030C9A" type="GBIF-Dataset">90d345fb-a5ad-4885-92b0-2a57ecfbd3b6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7B7D740238306C717FD0043F83E290EE" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="251B7147FE78FFB4FF1FFA24FBE599FB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6154962" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119583903" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6154962" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:251B7147FE78FFB4FF1FFA24FBE599FB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/251B7147FE78FFB4FF1FFA24FBE599FB" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="544" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">
<subSubSection id="E5A893DAFE78FFB7FF1FFA24FC9B99DC" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="AD0DC051FE78FFB7FF1FFA24FDA49A9F" blockId="5.[151,527,1486,1546]" box="[151,527,1486,1512]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">
<heading id="F645773DFE78FFB7FF1FFA24FDA49A9F" bold="true" box="[151,527,1486,1512]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="6AB2BBD2FE78FFB7FF1FFA24FDA49A9F" ID-CoL="3KSZD" authority="Inoue, 1978" authorityName="Inoue" authorityYear="1978" box="[151,527,1486,1512]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kezukai">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE78FFB7FF1FFA24FDA49A9F" bold="true" box="[151,527,1486,1512]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE78FFB7FF1FFA24FEDC9A9F" bold="true" box="[151,375,1486,1512]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">Hemistola kezukai</emphasis>
Inoue, 1978
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AD0DC051FE78FFB7FF1FFA1BFE6A997D" blockId="5.[151,527,1486,1546]" box="[151,449,1521,1546]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">
(
<figureCitation id="3589DCD4FE78FFB7FF17FA1BFEBA997D" box="[159,273,1521,1546]" captionStart="FIGURE 9 – 16" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1846,1868]" captionTargetBox="[264,1321,198,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[252,1336,193,1825]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 9 – 16. Habitus of Hemistola spp. in Taiwan and Japan. 9. H. kezukai Inoue, 1978, male; 10. ditto, female; 11. H. orbiculosa, male; 12. ditto, female; 13. H. simplex Warren, 1899, male; 14. H. taiwanensis sp. nov., male, holotype; 15. H. tenuilinea (Alphéraky, 1897), male; 16. ditto, female; 9 – 14. Taiwan; 15 – 16. Japan; 10 – 12. Photo before abdomen dissected. Bar scale = 10 mm. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (9 – 14); NSMT (15 – 16). Photo by Shipher Wu." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219250/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">Figs 9, 10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="3589DCD4FE78FFB7FE95FA1BFECE997D" box="[285,357,1521,1546]" captionStart="FIGURE 25 – 34" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1562,1584]" captionTargetBox="[183,1396,216,1546]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[172,1414,195,1546]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 25 – 34. Male genitalia of Hemistola spp. in Taiwan and Japan. 25, 26. H. kezukai Inoue, 1978; 27, 28. H. taiwanensis sp. nov.; 29, 30. H. simplex Warren, 1899; 31, 32. H. orbiculosa Inoue, 1978; 33, 34. H. tenuilinea (Alphéraky, 1897); 25, 27, 29, 31, 33. Male genitalia without aedeagus; 26, 28, 30, 32, 34. Aedeagus 25 – 32. Taiwan; 33, 34. Japan. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (25 – 32); NSMT (33, 34). Photo by Shipher Wu." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219252/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">25, 26</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="3589DCD4FE78FFB7FEF9FA18FE24997D" box="[369,399,1522,1546]" captionStart="FIGURE 35 – 42" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1401,1423]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,735,1378]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,735,1378]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 35 – 42. Male eighth abdominal sternite of Hemistola spp. in Taiwan and Japan. 35. H. piceacola sp. nov.; 36. H. fui sp. nov.; 37. H. monotola Inoue, 1983; 38. H. kezukai Inoue, 1978; 39. H. simplex Warren, 1899; 40. H. orbiculosa Inoue, 1978; 41. H. taiwanensis sp. nov.; 42. H. tenuilinea (Alphéraky, 1897). 35 – 41. Taiwan; 42. Japan. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (35 – 41); NSMT (42). Photo by Shipher Wu." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219253/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">38</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="3589DCD4FE78FFB7FE13FA1BFE12997D" box="[411,441,1521,1546]" captionStart="FIGURE 43 – 49" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1916,1938]" captionTargetBox="[293,1285,298,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[281,1305,289,1894]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 43 – 49. Female genitalia of Hemistola spp. in Taiwan and Japan. 43. H. piceacola sp. nov.; 44. H. fui sp. nov.; 45. H. monotola Inoue, 1983; 46. H. kezukai Inoue, 1978; 47. H. orbiculosa Inoue, 1978; 48. H. simplex Warren, 1899; 49. H. tenuilinea (Alphéraky, 1897); 43 – 48. Taiwan; 49. Japan. Bar scale = 1 mm. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (43 – 48); NSMT (49). Photo by Shipher Wu." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219254/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">46</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AD0DC051FE78FFB7FF1FF9D3FC9B99DC" blockId="5.[151,1436,1593,1707]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">
<taxonomicName id="6AB2BBD2FE78FFB7FF1FF9D3FE709938" authority="Inoue, 1978" authorityName="Inoue" authorityYear="1978" box="[151,475,1593,1615]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kezukai">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE78FFB7FF1FF9D3FEFF9938" box="[151,340,1593,1615]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">Hemistola kezukai</emphasis>
Inoue, 1978
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE78FFB7FE60F9D3FC139938" box="[488,952,1593,1615]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">Bull. Fac. Domest. Sci., Otsuma Wom. Univ.</emphasis>
, 14: 214, figs. 20, 24. (
<typeStatus id="72097EF3FE78FFB7FB3AF9D3FB4D9938" box="[1202,1254,1593,1615]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<collectingCountry id="D5A580C1FE78FFB7FAC3F9D3FA339938" box="[1355,1432,1593,1615]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, Nantou.
<typeStatus id="72097EF3FE78FFB7FE97F9B2FED69919" box="[287,381,1624,1646]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male, in BMNH); Chang, 1991,
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE78FFB7FD59F9B2FB989919" box="[721,1075,1624,1646]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">
Illustration of moths in
<collectingCountry id="D5A580C1FE78FFB7FC4CF9B3FBA59919" box="[964,1038,1625,1646]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
(3)
</emphasis>
: 106; Fu &amp; Tzuoo, 2002,
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE78FFB7FACAF9B2FED099FA" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">Moths of Anmashan, part I</emphasis>
, 41, pl. 10: 21; Han &amp; Xue, 2009,
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE78FFB7FD7AF99CFCD799FB" box="[754,892,1654,1676]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">Entomol. Sci.</emphasis>
, 12(4): 394, figs 9, 41, 70, 113.; Han &amp; Xue, 2011,
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE78FFB7FF4FF97CFE4F99DC" box="[199,484,1685,1707]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">Fauna Sinica, Insect Vol. 54</emphasis>
: 409, figs 281, 602, pl. XVI: 31.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E5A893DAFE78FFB7FF1FF932FD9C98D3" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="AD0DC051FE78FFB7FF1FF932FD9C98D3" blockId="5.[151,1436,1752,2029]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE78FFB7FF1FF932FE209986" bold="true" box="[151,395,1752,1777]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">Material Examined.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="D5A580C1FE78FFB7FE1EF933FDAD9986" box="[406,518,1753,1777]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">TAIWAN</collectingCountry>
.
<specimenCount id="BBB40BD8FE78FFB7FD9DF932FDCC9986" box="[533,615,1752,1777]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, Miaoli County, Guanwu,
<quantity id="6A4A6DB4FE78FFB7FC2AF932FC559987" box="[930,1022,1752,1776]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
,
<date id="D90CE691FE78FFB7FB86F932FB359987" box="[1038,1182,1752,1776]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" value="2011-06-29">29–VI–2011</date>
, leg. S. Wu &amp; W. C. Chang, slide TFRI00128530;
<specimenCount id="BBB40BD8FE78FFB7FE6DF916FD959862" box="[485,574,1788,1813]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
, Nantou County, Shihshan,
<quantity id="6A4A6DB4FE78FFB7FCFDF916FC679863" box="[885,972,1788,1813]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" unit="m" value="2450.0">2450 m</quantity>
,
<date id="D90CE691FE78FFB7FC5FF916FBC99863" box="[983,1122,1788,1812]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" value="2011-07-07">7–VII–2011</date>
, leg. S. Wu &amp; W. C. Chang;
<specimenCount id="BBB40BD8FE78FFB7FF1FF8CAFF43984E" box="[151,232,1824,1849]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, Nantou County, Beidongyenshan,
<quantity id="6A4A6DB4FE78FFB7FD08F8CAFD71984F" box="[640,730,1824,1848]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
, Nantou County,
<date id="D90CE691FE78FFB7FC2FF8CAFB82984E" box="[935,1065,1824,1849]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" value="2000-06-05">5–VI–2000</date>
, leg. D. Anstine;
<specimenCount id="BBB40BD8FE78FFB7FB71F8CAFAF9984E" box="[1273,1362,1824,1849]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="BBB40BD8FE78FFB7FA06F8CAFF4D982A" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, Nantou County, Biluxi,
<date id="D90CE691FE78FFB7FD89F8AEFD39982A" box="[513,658,1860,1885]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" value="1986-06-30">30–VI–1986</date>
, leg. Y. Q. Shen;
<specimenCount id="BBB40BD8FE78FFB7FCD2F8AEFC15982A" box="[858,958,1860,1885]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, Hualien County, Ci’en,
<quantity id="6A4A6DB4FE78FFB7FB50F8AEFA9B982B" box="[1240,1328,1860,1885]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" unit="m" value="1950.0">1950 m</quantity>
,
<date id="D90CE691FE78FFB7FAB5F8AEFF7998F7" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" value="2012-07-19">19–VII– 2012</date>
, leg. S. Wu &amp; W. C. Chang, slide TFRII00143001 (coll. TFRI);
<specimenCount id="BBB40BD8FE78FFB7FC17F882FBA598F6" box="[927,1038,1896,1921]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
, Nantou County, Meifeng,
<date id="D90CE691FE78FFB7FAB5F882FF7998D3" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" value="1984-07-29">29–VII– 1984</date>
, leg. B. S. Chang (coll. NMNS)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E5A893DAFE78FFB4FF4FF85AFEBE9EA5" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="544" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="AD0DC051FE78FFB4FF4FF85AFEBE9EA5" blockId="5.[151,1436,1752,2029]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,467]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="544" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE78FFB7FF4FF85AFEEA98BE" bold="true" box="[199,321,1968,1993]" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This species is externally similar to
<taxonomicName id="6AB2BBD2FE78FFB7FD6FF85BFBB898BF" authority="Inoue, 1978" authorityName="Inoue" authorityYear="1978" box="[743,1043,1968,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orbiculosa">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE78FFB7FD6FF85BFC2898BE" box="[743,899,1968,1993]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">H. orbiculosa</emphasis>
Inoue, 1978
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="6AB2BBD2FE78FFB7FBC5F85BFAC098BF" authority="Warren, 1899" authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1899" box="[1101,1387,1968,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE78FFB7FBC5F85BFB6D98BE" box="[1101,1222,1968,1993]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="543">H. simplex</emphasis>
Warren, 1899
</taxonomicName>
, but can be distinguished by transversal lines tinged with red on veins; by the discal spot smaller, dark green rather than presenting as a white ring (variable in size) in
<taxonomicName id="6AB2BBD2FE7BFFB4FD2AFF76FC979FC4" box="[674,828,154,179]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orbiculosa">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FD2AFF76FC979FC4" box="[674,828,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">H. orbiculosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In male 8th abdominal sternite, it can be separated by posterior margin truncate (
<figureCitation id="3589DCD4FE7BFFB4FE4CFF54FDBC9FA0" box="[452,535,190,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 35 – 42" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1401,1423]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,735,1378]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,735,1378]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 35 – 42. Male eighth abdominal sternite of Hemistola spp. in Taiwan and Japan. 35. H. piceacola sp. nov.; 36. H. fui sp. nov.; 37. H. monotola Inoue, 1983; 38. H. kezukai Inoue, 1978; 39. H. simplex Warren, 1899; 40. H. orbiculosa Inoue, 1978; 41. H. taiwanensis sp. nov.; 42. H. tenuilinea (Alphéraky, 1897). 35 – 41. Taiwan; 42. Japan. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (35 – 41); NSMT (42). Photo by Shipher Wu." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219253/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
) rather than with lunate incision toward anterior part in
<taxonomicName id="6AB2BBD2FE7BFFB4FB10FF2AFABA9FA0" box="[1176,1297,190,215]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FB10FF2AFABA9FA0" box="[1176,1297,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">H. simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="3589DCD4FE7BFFB4FAA9FF54FADF9FA0" box="[1313,1396,190,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 35 – 42" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1401,1423]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,735,1378]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,735,1378]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 35 – 42. Male eighth abdominal sternite of Hemistola spp. in Taiwan and Japan. 35. H. piceacola sp. nov.; 36. H. fui sp. nov.; 37. H. monotola Inoue, 1983; 38. H. kezukai Inoue, 1978; 39. H. simplex Warren, 1899; 40. H. orbiculosa Inoue, 1978; 41. H. taiwanensis sp. nov.; 42. H. tenuilinea (Alphéraky, 1897). 35 – 41. Taiwan; 42. Japan. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (35 – 41); NSMT (42). Photo by Shipher Wu." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219253/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
) or with two lateral, sclerotized processes in
<taxonomicName id="6AB2BBD2FE7BFFB4FDFFFF0EFCBE9F8C" box="[631,789,226,251]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orbiculosa">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FDFFFF0EFCBE9F8C" box="[631,789,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">H. orbiculosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="3589DCD4FE7BFFB4FCAFFF08FCD49F8C" box="[807,895,226,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 35 – 42" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1401,1423]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,735,1378]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,735,1378]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 35 – 42. Male eighth abdominal sternite of Hemistola spp. in Taiwan and Japan. 35. H. piceacola sp. nov.; 36. H. fui sp. nov.; 37. H. monotola Inoue, 1983; 38. H. kezukai Inoue, 1978; 39. H. simplex Warren, 1899; 40. H. orbiculosa Inoue, 1978; 41. H. taiwanensis sp. nov.; 42. H. tenuilinea (Alphéraky, 1897). 35 – 41. Taiwan; 42. Japan. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (35 – 41); NSMT (42). Photo by Shipher Wu." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219253/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
). In genitalia, it can be distinguished by harpe strongly sclerotized with apex straight and acute rather than less sclerotized, short with apex blunt in
<taxonomicName id="6AB2BBD2FE7BFFB4FAAAFEE2FA309E68" box="[1314,1435,262,287]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FAAAFEE2FA309E68" box="[1314,1435,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">H. simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and strongly sclerotized with apex hook-like in
<taxonomicName id="6AB2BBD2FE7BFFB4FD3AFEC6FCE69E34" box="[690,845,298,323]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orbiculosa">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FD3AFEC6FCE69E34" box="[690,845,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">H. orbiculosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; by three spinose patched arising from vesica rather than two in
<taxonomicName id="6AB2BBD2FE7BFFB4FEA9FEBAFE309E10" box="[289,411,334,359]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FEA9FEBAFE309E10" box="[289,411,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">H. simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and absent in
<taxonomicName id="6AB2BBD2FE7BFFB4FDCBFEBAFD749E10" box="[579,735,334,359]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orbiculosa">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FDCBFEBAFD749E10" box="[579,735,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">H. orbiculosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; by lamella postvaginalis fan-shaped rather than separated as two plates in
<taxonomicName id="6AB2BBD2FE7BFFB4FEC8FE9EFE4A9EFC" box="[320,481,370,395]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orbiculosa">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FEC8FE9EFE4A9EFC" box="[320,481,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">H. orbiculosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and curved band-like in
<taxonomicName id="6AB2BBD2FE7BFFB4FC90FE9EFC3D9EFC" box="[792,918,370,395]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FC90FE9EFC3D9EFC" box="[792,918,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">H. simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; by corpus bursae short pear-like, strongly sclerotized rather than spindle-like and strongly wrinkled in
<taxonomicName id="6AB2BBD2FE7BFFB4FCCEFE72FC6B9ED8" box="[838,960,406,431]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FCCEFE72FC6B9ED8" box="[838,960,406,431]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">H. simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and short sac-like and membranous in
<taxonomicName id="6AB2BBD2FE7BFFB4FA09FE72FEA49EA4" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orbiculosa">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FA09FE72FEA49EA4" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">H. orbiculosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="F9CD90D9FE7BFFB4FF1FFC00FCB59B4A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219251/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" targetBox="[191,1404,528,975]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="AD0DC051FE7BFFB4FF1FFC00FCB59B4A" blockId="6.[151,1436,1002,1085]" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FF1FFC00FEED9C88" bold="true" box="[151,326,1002,1024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">FIGURE 17–24.</emphasis>
Male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="6AB2BBD2FE7BFFB4FD8AFC00FDC19B77" box="[514,618,1002,1024]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FD8AFC00FDC19B77" box="[514,618,1002,1024]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">Hemistola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. in Taiwan.
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FC9CFC00FCF29C88" bold="true" box="[788,857,1002,1023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">17–19.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6AB2BBD2FE7BFFB4FCE8FC01FC499B77" box="[864,994,1002,1024]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceacola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FCE8FC01FC499B77" box="[864,994,1002,1024]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">H. piceacola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="84F5A138FE7BFFB4FC61FC00FB919C88" box="[1001,1082,1002,1023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" rank="species">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FC61FC00FB919C88" bold="true" box="[1001,1082,1002,1023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
;
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FBC1FC00FB269C88" bold="true" box="[1097,1165,1002,1023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">20–22.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6AB2BBD2FE7BFFB4FB1DFC01FA339B77" authority="Inoue, 1983" authorityName="Inoue" authorityYear="1983" box="[1173,1432,1002,1024]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemistola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monotola">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FB1DFC01FABE9B77" box="[1173,1301,1002,1024]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">H. monotola</emphasis>
Inoue, 1983
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FF1FFBE2FF769B6A" bold="true" box="[151,221,1032,1053]" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">23–24.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FF6DFBE3FE8A9B69" box="[229,289,1032,1054]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">H. fui</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FEA2FBE2FED79B6A" bold="true" box="[298,380,1032,1053]" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">sp. nov.</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FE04FBE2FE569B6A" bold="true" box="[396,509,1032,1053]" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">17, 20, 23.</emphasis>
Male genitalia without aedeagus;
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FCECFBE2FC079B6A" bold="true" box="[868,940,1032,1053]" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">19, 22.</emphasis>
Lateral view of uncus and gnathos;
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FAA4FBE2FA379B6A" bold="true" box="[1324,1436,1032,1053]" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">18, 21, 24.</emphasis>
Aedeagus. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI. Photo by Shipher Wu.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="E5A893DAFE7BFFB4FF4FFB82FEFE9953" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" type="description">
<paragraph id="AD0DC051FE7BFFB4FF4FFB82FEFE9953" blockId="6.[151,1436,1128,1676]" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FF4FFB82FEF29BF6" bold="true" box="[199,345,1128,1153]" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">Description.</emphasis>
The male of this species was originally described by Inoue (1978) and recently redescribed by Han and Xue (2009). Chang (1991) illustrated both sexes. Here the description of female genitalia is given. Female (
<figureCitation id="3589DCD4FE7BFFB4FF17FB47FF5B9BB1" box="[159,240,1197,1222]" captionStart="FIGURE 9 – 16" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1846,1868]" captionTargetBox="[264,1321,198,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[252,1336,193,1825]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 9 – 16. Habitus of Hemistola spp. in Taiwan and Japan. 9. H. kezukai Inoue, 1978, male; 10. ditto, female; 11. H. orbiculosa, male; 12. ditto, female; 13. H. simplex Warren, 1899, male; 14. H. taiwanensis sp. nov., male, holotype; 15. H. tenuilinea (Alphéraky, 1897), male; 16. ditto, female; 9 – 14. Taiwan; 15 – 16. Japan; 10 – 12. Photo before abdomen dissected. Bar scale = 10 mm. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (9 – 14); NSMT (15 – 16). Photo by Shipher Wu." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219250/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
) Wingspan
<quantity id="6A4A6DB4FE7BFFB4FEFEFB47FE729BB1" box="[374,473,1197,1222]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" unit="m" value="35.5" valueMax="36.0" valueMin="35.0">35–36 m</quantity>
(n= 4). Head: Antenna filiform, ramus slightly longer than diameter of antennal shaft. Frons and labial palpus dark reddish brown. Vertex bluish green, anterior margin white. Labial palpus slender. Thorax: Three segments of thorax bluish green. Wings:Wing ground coloration bluish green; transversal lines white, dentate with red spot on each vein; outer margin rufous; marginal scales cream white with rufous at end of each vein. Forewing apex pointed; costal margin ochreous; discal spot small, dark green. Hindwing with discal spot dark green; outer margin strongly protruded at end of M3. Abdomen: Abdomen bluish green with dorsal white spot surrounding with reddish scales at dorsal part of each segment. Female genitalia (
<figureCitation id="3589DCD4FE7BFFB4FBB2FA6AFB3B9AEE" box="[1082,1168,1408,1433]" captionStart="FIGURE 43 – 49" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1916,1938]" captionTargetBox="[293,1285,298,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[281,1305,289,1894]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 43 – 49. Female genitalia of Hemistola spp. in Taiwan and Japan. 43. H. piceacola sp. nov.; 44. H. fui sp. nov.; 45. H. monotola Inoue, 1983; 46. H. kezukai Inoue, 1978; 47. H. orbiculosa Inoue, 1978; 48. H. simplex Warren, 1899; 49. H. tenuilinea (Alphéraky, 1897); 43 – 48. Taiwan; 49. Japan. Bar scale = 1 mm. Specimens courtesy of: TFRI (43 – 48); NSMT (49). Photo by Shipher Wu." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219254/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
): Lamella postvaginalis sclerotized, especially at posterior part; ductus bursae extremely short; basal half part of corpus bursae gradually widen, sclerotized dorsally, slightly scobinated ventrally, distal half part round, membernous; appendix bursae membranous, small sac-like, arising from ventral, basal part of corpus bursae; ductus seminalis arising at end of appendix bursae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E5A893DAFE7BFFB4FF4FF9C7FBE599FB" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="AD0DC051FE7BFFB4FF4FF9C7FBE599FB" blockId="6.[151,1436,1128,1676]" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">
<emphasis id="9FC61C43FE7BFFB4FF4FF9C7FDB09931" bold="true" box="[199,539,1581,1606]" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">Distribution and Bionomics.</emphasis>
This species was originally described from
<collectingCountry id="D5A580C1FE7BFFB4FB9CF9C7FBCD9931" box="[1044,1126,1581,1606]" name="Taiwan" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
and subsequently recorded in
<collectingCountry id="D5A580C1FE7BFFB4FF3CF9BAFF5C991E" box="[180,247,1616,1641]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="544">China</collectingCountry>
(Shaanxi, Gansu, Guangxi,
<quantity id="6A4A6DB4FE7BFFB4FDBCF9BAFD62991E" box="[564,713,1616,1641]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.375" metricValueMax="1.65" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" unit="m" value="1375.0" valueMax="1650.0" valueMin="1100.0">1100–1650m</quantity>
) (Han and Xue, 2009). The Taiwanese population occurs in mid elevations (ca.
<quantity id="6A4A6DB4FE7BFFB4FEB7F999FE7499FB" box="[319,479,1651,1676]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="544" unit="m" value="2000.0" valueMax="2400.0" valueMin="1600.0">1600–2400 m</quantity>
). The adults fly in summer, and are possibly univoltine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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