405 lines
41 KiB
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405 lines
41 KiB
XML
<document id="8B37CA46CEB4DE7B67BC89A875BB570D" ID-DOI="10.1371/journal.pone.0280550" ID-ISSN="1932-6203" ID-PMC="PMC10019631" ID-PubMed="36927796" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12631103" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="karina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="karina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="karina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="karina" checkinTime="1719975840420" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Zhigila, Daniel A., Aigbokhan, Emmanuel I. & Muasya, A. Muthama" docDate="2023" docId="C4478786191F665FFDA6FA3512B4FE81" docLanguage="en" docName="PLoSONE.18.3.e0280550.pdf" docOrigin="PLoS ONE (e 0280550) 18 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280550" docStyle="DocumentStyle:55318D21378FF0528C342C9740A1E1BE.2:PLoSONE.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="55318D21378FF0528C342C9740A1E1BE" docStyleName="PLoSONE.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Tinnea gombea Zhigila 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="387EFFFE19186655FF93FF851054FFDF" masterDocTitle="Tinnea gombea (Lamiaceae), a new species from the Sudanian savanna region, Nigeria based on integrative evidence" masterLastPageNumber="13" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1733174566275" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="23EA8AB946B0D815B5BB2C383B6309CA">Tinnea gombea (Lamiaceae), a new species from the Sudanian savanna region, Nigeria based on integrative evidence</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4EC6533F7BB48C8858E2FE980A61D30B">Zhigila, Daniel A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="12075F6A79B36985CA672159B785F1B3">Aigbokhan, Emmanuel I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E413DA380B15D5C60E19936D1426692C">Muasya, A. Muthama</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F25860BB6771E3F851573815801E02D1">Department of Biological Sciences, Bolus Herbarium, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="8ACFA5406DD3115D5393619A0A2C7156">PLoS ONE</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="832B8675124A57C65C0E4E1B714C05E6">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="2F667558E0210681CDFA767DB9D84D07">e 0280550</mods:title>
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<treatment id="C4478786191F665FFDA6FA3512B4FE81" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C4478786191F665FFDA6FA3512B4FE81" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C4478786191F665FFDA6FA3512B4FE81" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<heading id="171981FC191F6652FDA6FA351590FA17" box="[565,1476,1456,1481]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FDA6FA3513B7FA16" bold="true" box="[565,995,1456,1481]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<paragraph id="4C513690191F6652FDA6FA3513DAFA16" blockId="7.[533,1536,1456,1897]" box="[565,910,1456,1481]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D13191F6652FDA6FA351366FA16" ID-CoL="CF78Z" authority="Zhigila" authorityName="Zhigila" authorityYear="2023" box="[565,818,1456,1481]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gombea" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FDA6FA351289FA17" bold="true" box="[565,733,1456,1480]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tinnea gombea</emphasis>
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Zhigila
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="65A957F9191F6652FCABFA3413DAFA16" box="[824,910,1457,1481]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="04F4651B191F6652FC00FA3415DCFA16" box="[915,1416,1457,1481]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
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<paragraph id="4C513690191F6652FC00FA3415DCFA16" blockId="7.[533,1536,1456,1897]" box="[915,1416,1457,1481]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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(
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<figureCitation id="D4D52A15191F6652FC0EFA341387FA16" box="[925,979,1457,1481]" captionStart="Fig 2" captionStartId="6.[432,460,1766,1785]" captionTargetBox="[435,1536,212,1738]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[432,1536,208,1744]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig 2. Morphological features of Tinnea gombea. (A) Plant habit and habitat; (B–D) young branches bearing vegetative and reproductive features; (E) Older branch with mature leaves, bracts and fruits; (G) closer view of dried fruits and leaves; (H) closer view of the fluffy seed with a tuft of basal hairs. Photos by D.A. Zhigila. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280550.g002" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12631109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12631109/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig 2</figureCitation>
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). [urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77311521–1]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="04F4651B191F6652FA1DFA3413A8F9EE" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="4C513690191F6652FA1DFA341590FA17" blockId="7.[533,1536,1456,1897]" box="[1422,1476,1457,1480]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FA1DFA341590FA17" bold="true" box="[1422,1476,1457,1480]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<typeStatus id="93558832191F6652FA1DFA341590FA17" box="[1422,1476,1457,1480]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Type</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4C513690191F6652FDA6FA5113A8F9EE" blockId="7.[533,1536,1456,1897]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<materialsCitation id="FC863CCD191F6652FDA6FA511360F9EE" collectingDate="2020-09-19" collectionCode="K" collectorName="D. A. Zhigila" country="Nigeria" elevation="620" latitude="10.2861" location="Akko Local Government Area" longitude="11.006" municipality="Akko Local Government Area" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCode="GSUH!" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gombe State" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry id="34F97600191F6652FDA6FA5112F7FA33" box="[565,675,1492,1516]" name="Nigeria" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">NIGERIA</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="8E2AF872191F6652FD3FFA511363FA33" box="[684,823,1492,1516]" country="Nigeria" name="Gombe" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Gombe State</collectingRegion>
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:
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<collectingMunicipality id="AC35ACEA191F6652FCD2FA5114D7FA33" box="[833,1155,1492,1516]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Akko Local Government Area</collectingMunicipality>
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, in farmlands of the grassland Sudanian savanna, elevation
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</quantity>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="29DA5057191F6652FBA4FA7314EAF9D1" box="[1079,1214,1526,1550]" degrees="11" direction="east" minutes="0" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="5" seconds="21.6" value="11.006">11˚ 0’ 21.6"E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="38501050191F6652FB5BFA7315C7F9D1" box="[1224,1427,1526,1550]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2020-09-19">
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<collectingDate id="2814E9B8191F6652FB5BFA7315C7F9D1" box="[1224,1427,1526,1550]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2020-09-19">19 September 2020</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="E11B5346191F6652FA0EFA72126FF9EF" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FA0EFA7215E4F9D1" box="[1437,1456,1527,1550]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">D</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FA26FA731593F9D2" box="[1461,1479,1526,1549]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FA40FA731233F9EF" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Zhigila 685</emphasis>
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</collectorName>
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(
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<specimenCode id="1C489EEB191F6652FD4CF99C1365F9EE" box="[735,817,1561,1585]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">GSUH!</specimenCode>
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,
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="FC863CCD191F6652FCA9F99C13ACF9EE" box="[826,1016,1561,1585]" collectingDate="2020-09-19" collectorName="D. A. Zhigila" country="Nigeria" elevation="620" latitude="10.2861" location="Sudanian" longitude="11.006" municipality="Akko Local Government Area" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCode="FHI!, K!" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gombe" typeStatus="isotype">
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<typeStatus id="93558832191F6652FCA9F99C13DBF9EE" box="[826,911,1561,1585]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
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<specimenCode id="1C489EEB191F6652FC06F99C139EF9EE" box="[917,970,1561,1585]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FHI!</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCode id="1C489EEB191F6652FC40F99C13BBF9EE" box="[979,1007,1561,1585]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">K!</specimenCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection id="04F4651B191F6652FDA6F9B91388F8B6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
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<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FDA6F9B912FEF98B" bold="true" box="[565,682,1596,1620]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D13191F6652FD2CF9B91335F98C" box="[703,865,1595,1619]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gombea">
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<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FD2CF9B91335F98C" box="[703,865,1595,1619]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tinnea gombea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is most similar to
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<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D13191F6652FBB0F9B914D2F98C" box="[1059,1158,1595,1620]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barteri">
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<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FBB0F9B91467F98C" box="[1059,1075,1596,1619]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">T</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FBACF9BE14D2F98C" box="[1087,1158,1595,1619]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">barteri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in branches being lax (
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number), stems terete in cross-section, leaf blades minutely hairy on both sides, inflorescence racemose, calyx bladder-like and in ecological requirements; but differ in growth
|
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<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D13191F6652FAD6F90415EFF946" box="[1349,1467,1665,1689]" form="being" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="form">form being</taxonomicName>
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annual subshrub, to about
|
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tall, branching pattern fastigiate (versus annual herb,>
|
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tall, virgate in
|
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<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D13191F6652FD3FF942135BF901" box="[684,783,1734,1758]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barteri">
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<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FD3FF94212E8F901" box="[684,700,1735,1758]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">T</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FD5BF943135BF901" box="[712,783,1734,1758]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">barteri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), leaf attachment alternate to 2-nate or subopposite, blade lanceolate, leaf apex acuminate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D13191F6652FC9BF96C1321F8DF" box="[776,885,1768,1793]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gombea">
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<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FC9BF96C134CF8DF" box="[776,792,1769,1792]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">T</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FCB7F96D1321F8DF" box="[804,885,1768,1792]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">gombea</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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||
(versus opposite, orbicular, mucronate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D13191F6652FAA5F96C15CCF8DF" box="[1334,1432,1768,1793]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barteri">
|
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<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FAA5F96C1512F8DF" box="[1334,1350,1769,1792]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">T</emphasis>
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.
|
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<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FAC2F96D15CCF8DF" box="[1361,1432,1768,1792]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">barteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), inflorescence racemose, solitary flowers in leaf and bract axils, anthers with basal hairs (versus spikes to 2–3-cymes, on long terminal head, anthers glabrous in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D13191F6652FB2EF8AA1574F899" box="[1213,1312,1838,1862]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FB2EF8AA1499F899" box="[1213,1229,1839,1862]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FB4AF8AB1574F899" box="[1241,1312,1838,1862]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">barteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and fruits dehiscent (versus indehiscent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D13191F6652FC90F8D41332F8B7" box="[771,870,1872,1897]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FC90F8D41347F8B7" box="[771,787,1873,1896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA82191F6652FC8CF8D51332F8B7" box="[799,870,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">barteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<tableCitation id="016C032B191F6652FCEDF8D41398F8B6" box="[894,972,1873,1897]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="5.[96,146,208,227]" captionTargetId="graphics-501@5.[96,1536,235,703]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Table 3. Morphological comparisons of T. gombea to congener species, T. aethiopica, T. barteri and T. galpini." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/18916618191D6650FFF3FF55147CFF3C" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" tableUuid="18916618191D6650FFF3FF55147CFF3C">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="189166181910665DFD99F96313F5F8B1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12631113" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12631113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12631113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[522,550,1766,1785]" targetBox="[528,1534,212,1738]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="4C5136901910665DFD99F96312FCF89A" blockId="8.[522,1525,1765,1902]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821910665DFD99F96314FBF926" bold="true" box="[522,1199,1765,1785]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Fig 4. Scanned type herbarium specimens of the most similar
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D131910665DFBBBF96014FBF926" box="[1064,1199,1765,1785]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821910665DFBBBF9601432F927" bold="true" box="[1064,1126,1765,1784]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tinnea</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(A)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D131910665DFB47F9631570F927" box="[1236,1316,1765,1785]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galpini">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821910665DFB47F96314B5F927" box="[1236,1249,1766,1784]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821910665DFB78F9601570F927" box="[1259,1316,1765,1784]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">galpini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (B)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D131910665DFADEF96315EDF927" box="[1357,1465,1765,1785]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aethiopica">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821910665DFADEF963150EF927" box="[1357,1370,1766,1784]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821910665DFAF0F96015EDF927" box="[1379,1465,1765,1784]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">aethiopica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821910665DFA2AF96015EAF927" box="[1465,1470,1765,1784]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">;</emphasis>
|
||
(C)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D131910665DFA77F9631217F8CD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821910665DFA77F96315A5F927" box="[1508,1521,1766,1784]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821910665DFD99F97A1217F8CD" box="[522,579,1791,1810]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">barteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and (D)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D131910665DFD00F97A12BEF8CD" box="[659,746,1791,1810]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gombea">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821910665DFD00F97A12F4F8CE" box="[659,672,1791,1809]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821910665DFD3AF97A12BEF8CD" box="[681,746,1791,1810]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">gombea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to show the similarities and variations in morphological characters. Copyright: the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. Reproduced with the consent of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4C5136901910665DFD99F8DE13F5F8B1" blockId="8.[522,1525,1765,1902]" box="[522,929,1883,1902]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280550.g004</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="04F4651B1911665CFDA6FF55151BFCEA" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="4C5136901911665CFDA6FF55151BFCEA" blockId="9.[533,1533,208,821]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFDA6FF551294FF37" bold="true" box="[565,704,208,232]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Erect annual subshrub,
|
||
<quantity id="8B169B751911665CFC43FF551463FF37" box="[976,1079,208,232]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="cm" value="27.5" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="15.0">15–40 cm</quantity>
|
||
tall, main branches 1–4, lax, fastigiate branches, arising from a taproot system.
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFC57FF771457FED5" bold="true" box="[964,1027,242,266]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Stems</emphasis>
|
||
woolly, green to grey-green, sometimes purple tinged toward the upper portion, terete.
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFC53FE90145CFEF3" bold="true" box="[960,1032,277,300]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||
alternate or subopposite to 2-nate, shortly (
|
||
<quantity id="8B169B751911665CFD8FFEBD12CAFE8F" box="[540,670,312,336]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
) petiolate to subsessile; blade narrowly ovate to lanceolate, 2–7 ×
|
||
<quantity id="8B169B751911665CFAC2FEBD15E0FE8F" box="[1361,1460,312,336]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="cm" value="2.25" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–3 cm</quantity>
|
||
, straight or recurved, covered with dense indument on both adaxial and abaxial sides, veins conspicuous on the abaxial surface, inconspicuous at the adaxial surface, base obtuse, margins entire, apex acuminate.
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFC81FE1A13FCFE68" bold="true" box="[786,936,415,439]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Inflorescences</emphasis>
|
||
are long racemes; usually arranged unilaterally, flowers solitary and borne in bract axils, lax in the lower, clustered in the upper portion;
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFAFBFE4715FEFE05" bold="true" box="[1384,1450,450,474]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">bracts</emphasis>
|
||
usually subtending flowers, leaf-like (but smaller, 1–2 ×
|
||
<quantity id="8B169B751911665CFB9DFE60143BFE22" box="[1038,1135,485,509]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="cm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide), alternately arranged, blade ovate to lanceolate, recurved backward, woolly on both side, acuminate; peduncles ca.
|
||
<quantity id="8B169B751911665CFA35FD8D15A3FDFF" box="[1446,1527,520,544]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, tan.
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFDEDFDAF1285FD9D" bold="true" box="[638,721,554,578]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Flowers</emphasis>
|
||
lilac to purplish grey; calyx two unequal pairs, 5–12 ×
|
||
<quantity id="8B169B751911665CFA99FDAF1531FD9D" box="[1290,1381,554,578]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, upper lobes equal, short and rounded, lower lobes unequal, longer and rounded, densely woolly indument, membranous; corolla tube ca.
|
||
<quantity id="8B169B751911665CFCC6FDF513F5FD57" box="[853,929,624,648]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, woolly;
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFBA0FDF514DFFD58" bold="true" box="[1075,1163,624,647]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">stamens</emphasis>
|
||
4, sessile to subsessile, in two unequal pairs, anthers yellowish, attached to the corolla tube by a tuft of woolly hairs;
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFA0DFD17158CFD75" bold="true" box="[1438,1496,658,682]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">styles</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="8B169B751911665CFD86FD3012DCFD12" box="[533,648,693,717]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10–12 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, recurved, with unequally bifid stigma.
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFBCCFD3014F4FD12" bold="true" box="[1119,1184,693,717]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fruits</emphasis>
|
||
inflated and bladder-like, ovate to orbiculate, dorsally circular wings well-developed, ca. 10 ×
|
||
<quantity id="8B169B751911665CFB09FD5D148CFD2F" box="[1178,1240,728,752]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
including the wings, 10-veined, covered with woolly hairs, tan to greyish brown, dehisces into two valves on maturity, 1-seeded.
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFD23FC9912BFFCEB" bold="true" box="[688,747,796,820]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Seeds</emphasis>
|
||
ca.
|
||
<quantity id="8B169B751911665CFC80FC981305FCEA" box="[787,849,797,821]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, covered with long fluffy indument.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="04F4651B1911665CFD86FCE314B9FC70" box="[533,1261,870,943]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="4C5136901911665CFD86FCE312F1FC5D" blockId="9.[533,1261,870,943]" box="[533,677,870,898]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFD86FCE312F1FC5D" bold="true" box="[533,677,870,898]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4C5136901911665CFD86FC1214B9FC70" blockId="9.[533,1261,870,943]" box="[533,1261,918,943]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D131911665CFD86FC1212E3FC71" box="[533,695,918,942]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gombea">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFD86FC1212E3FC71" box="[533,695,918,942]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tinnea gombea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FC863CCD1911665CFD2EFC1214BEFC70" box="[701,1258,919,943]" country="Nigeria" location="Gombe State" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gombe">
|
||
is named after its
|
||
<typeStatus id="935588321911665CFCE4FC1213F0FC70" box="[887,932,919,943]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8E2AF8721911665CFB90FC1214DAFC70" box="[1027,1166,919,943]" country="Nigeria" name="Gombe" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gombe State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="34F976001911665CFB0BFC1214BEFC70" box="[1176,1258,919,943]" name="Nigeria" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="04F4651B1911665CFD86FC5A1220FB94" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="4C5136901911665CFD86FC5A12F6FC24" blockId="9.[533,674,991,1019]" box="[533,674,991,1019]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFD86FC5A12F6FC24" bold="true" box="[533,674,991,1019]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Phenology</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4C5136901911665CFD86FB941220FB94" blockId="9.[533,1458,1040,1099]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D131911665CFD86FB9412E3FBF7" box="[533,695,1040,1064]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gombea">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFD86FB9412E3FBF7" box="[533,695,1040,1064]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tinnea gombea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
flowers from August to September and fruiting between September and October.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="04F4651B1911665CFD86FBF914C5FAAD" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="4C5136901911665CFD86FBF91308FB47" blockId="9.[533,1533,1148,1394]" box="[533,860,1148,1176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFD86FBF91308FB47" bold="true" box="[533,860,1148,1176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4C5136901911665CFD86FB2814C5FAAD" blockId="9.[533,1533,1148,1394]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D131911665CFD86FB2812E3FB1B" box="[533,695,1196,1220]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gombea">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFD86FB2812E3FB1B" box="[533,695,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tinnea gombea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is endemic to the Sudanian savanna and is currently known from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8E2AF8721911665CFAE7FB2815A9FB1A" box="[1396,1533,1197,1221]" country="Nigeria" name="Gombe" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gombe State</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="D4D52A151911665CFD8DFB4A1207FB38" box="[542,595,1231,1255]" captionStart="Fig 3" captionStartId="7.[394,422,1130,1149]" captionTargetBox="[394,1536,208,1108]" captionTargetId="figure-216@7.[394,1536,208,1108]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig 3. Distribution map of Tinnea gombea (black solid circle). The map was generated using naijR package version 0.4.0 as implemented in R version 4.2.0. and is therefore for illustrative purposes only. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280550.g003" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12631111" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12631111/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Apparently, the species is uncommon within its area of occurrence in grasslands and woodlands of Sudanian savanna. Usually found on abandoned farmland together with various annual herbs and with perennial shrubs such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D131911665CFB82FA9014D8FAF3" box="[1041,1164,1301,1324]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Spermacoce" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFB82FA9014D8FAF3" box="[1041,1164,1301,1324]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Spermacoce</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D131911665CFA91FA9115AEFAF3" box="[1282,1530,1300,1324]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Oldenlandia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="corymbosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFA91FA9115AEFAF3" box="[1282,1530,1300,1324]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Oldenlandia corymbosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D131911665CFDA5FABD1305FA90" authority="Hochst." authorityName="Hochst." box="[566,849,1335,1359]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Eragrostis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremula">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFDA5FABD12A2FA90" box="[566,758,1335,1359]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Eragrostis tremula</emphasis>
|
||
Hochst.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D131911665CFCC8FAB21446FA90" box="[859,1042,1335,1359]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Physalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFCC8FAB21446FA90" box="[859,1042,1335,1359]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Physalis angulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D131911665CFBF3FABD15B8FA90" authority="Kotschy & Peyr. It" authorityName="Kotschy & Peyr. It" box="[1120,1516,1335,1359]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ambigua">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFBF3FABD1570FA90" box="[1120,1316,1335,1359]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Vernonia ambigua</emphasis>
|
||
Kotschy & Peyr. It
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
usually grows at an elevation of about
|
||
<quantity id="8B169B751911665CFC3BFADF13BEFAAD" box="[936,1002,1370,1394]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="620.0">620 m</quantity>
|
||
above sea level.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="04F4651B1911665CFD86FA261357F8B6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="4C5136901911665CFD86FA26133BFA60" blockId="9.[533,1535,1443,1897]" box="[533,879,1443,1471]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFD86FA26133BFA60" bold="true" box="[533,879,1443,1471]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Conservation assessments</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4C5136901911665CFD86FA511357F8B6" blockId="9.[533,1535,1443,1897]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D131911665CFD86FA5112E3FA34" box="[533,695,1491,1515]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gombea">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFD86FA5112E3FA34" box="[533,695,1491,1515]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tinnea gombea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="935588321911665CFC16FA5113E6FA33" box="[901,946,1492,1516]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality only. We recorded <100 mature individuals in each of the three subpopulations. We have made a concerted effort to sample the species from other potential localities within and around abandoned farmlands in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="34F976001911665CFB62F99C150FF9EE" box="[1265,1371,1561,1585]" name="Sudan" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">the Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
savanna but were unsuccessful. Therefore, further botanical surveys for possible localities for this species is recommended. At present, the area of occupancy (AOO) of
|
||
<quantity id="8B169B751911665CFB03F9DB148CF9A9" box="[1168,1240,1630,1654]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="km" value="0.5">0.5 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="BB9B9BD81911665CFB4BF9DD14B6F9B7" attach="left" box="[1240,1250,1624,1640]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">2</superScript>
|
||
and an extent of occurrence (EOO) of 5.00 km
|
||
<superScript id="BB9B9BD81911665CFC86F9FE134BF954" attach="left" box="[789,799,1659,1675]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">2</superScript>
|
||
were estimated for the known subpopulations. We project a continuous decline in the AOO, EOO, number of subpopulations and number of mature individuals for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D131911665CFDA9F94212F3F901" box="[570,679,1734,1758]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gombea">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFDA9F942121EF901" box="[570,586,1735,1758]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFDC5F94312F3F901" box="[598,679,1734,1758]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">gombea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
given the level of accelerated urbanization toward its area of occurrence. Further, flooding and agricultural activities (crop cultivation and overgrazing) are critical threats to this species. Hence, preliminarily, the red list status of Critically Endangered (CR; B1, B2 (b, c), C2 (a, b) and D) under the categories and criteria B–D of the IUCN [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="287F4B611911665CFA9CF8AB157CF899" author="IUCN" box="[1295,1320,1838,1862]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref6726" refString="34. IUCN. Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List categories and criteria. Version 15. Standards and Petitions Subcommittee; 2022." type="book" year="2022">34</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] guideline is assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEE4D131911665CFD02F8D412AAF8B7" box="[657,766,1872,1897]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tinnea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gombea">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFD02F8D412F5F8B7" box="[657,673,1873,1896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821911665CFD3EF8D512AAF8B7" box="[685,766,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">gombea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="04F4651B1912665FFD86FF5512B4FE81" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="4C5136901912665FFD86FF5513E7FF33" blockId="10.[533,947,208,236]" box="[533,947,208,236]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821912665FFD86FF5513E7FF33" bold="true" box="[533,947,208,236]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Additional specimen examined</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4C5136901912665FFD86FE8412B4FE81" blockId="10.[533,1532,257,350]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FC863CCD1912665FFD86FE841288FE81" collectingDate="2020-10-10" collectionCode="K" collectorName="D. A. Zhigila" country="Nigeria" elevation="620" location="Sudanian" municipality="Akko Local Government Area" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gombe">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="34F976001912665FFD86FE8412D7FEC6" box="[533,643,257,281]" name="Nigeria" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">NIGERIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8E2AF8721912665FFD1FFE841343FEC6" box="[652,791,257,281]" country="Nigeria" name="Gombe" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Gombe State</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="AC35ACEA1912665FFCB3FE841437FEC6" box="[800,1123,257,281]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Akko Local Government Area</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, in farmlands of the grassland
|
||
<location id="4931604B1912665FFA35FE841211FEE4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C4478786191F665FFDA6FA3512B4FE81:4931604B1912665FFA35FE841211FEE4" country="Nigeria" municipality="Akko Local Government Area" name="Sudanian" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" stateProvince="Gombe">Sudanian</location>
|
||
savanna,
|
||
<elevation id="C7C3D1A31912665FFD3EFEA61303FEE4" box="[685,855,291,315]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="m" value="620.0">
|
||
elevation
|
||
<quantity id="8B169B751912665FFC80FEA61303FEE4" box="[787,855,291,315]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="m" value="620.0">620 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, 10˚ 17’ 6.11"N, 11˚ 1’ 55.6"E,
|
||
<date id="385010501912665FFB06FEA61512FEE4" box="[1173,1350,291,315]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="2020-10-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="2814E9B81912665FFB06FEA61512FEE4" box="[1173,1350,291,315]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="2020-10-10">10 October 2020</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="E11B53461912665FFAC3FEA11584FEE4" box="[1360,1488,291,315]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821912665FFAC3FEA11537FEE4" box="[1360,1379,292,315]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821912665FFAFAFEA6152FFEE5" box="[1385,1403,291,314]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="7E9AEA821912665FFA15FEA615A8FEE4" box="[1414,1532,291,315]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Zhigila 684</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
(GSUH!, FHI!,
|
||
<collectionCode id="2AFFAE551912665FFD2BFEC31284FE81" box="[696,720,326,350]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||
!)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |