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416 KiB
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<mods:title id="8953044547B64C7C73582111610C2EEC">First report of a bothremydid turtle, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., from the early Paleocene of Pakistan, systematic and palaeobiogeographic implications</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="AB21B80FA039FF2C9DBB68068F3F6661">Centre de Recherches sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements, CR 2 P (CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, Sorbonne Université), Département Origines et Évolution, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, case postale 38, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="30178F617630742B472EC0577B87E4EA">Centre de Recherches sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements, CR 2 P (CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, Sorbonne Université), Département Origines et Évolution, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, case postale 38, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="FB3D7FC2D545A710FB66D7A5B04A0279">Centre for Pure and Applied Geology, University of Sindh, Allama I. I. Kazi Campus, Jamshoro 76080 (Pakistan)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="C0CC283EA325EA4AADAAF195340080D4">Centre for Pure and Applied Geology, University of Sindh, Allama I. I. Kazi Campus, Jamshoro 76080 (Pakistan)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="AA48016C71CDC5B1140A9F87BA644358">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03D78784FF99FFE8FC505787F28CFC2E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5779440" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191556485" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5779440" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EC548A31-BD5A-478D-83D7-266EE85C9186" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D78784FF99FFE8FC505787F28CFC2E" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="1358" pageId="6" pageNumber="1345">
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<heading id="D08981FEFF99FFFDFC505787F307F973" box="[958,1310,1719,1746]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="1345" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF99FFFDFC505787F29DF970" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[958,1156,1719,1746]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="1345" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
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<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF99FFFDFC505787F29DF970" bold="true" box="[958,1156,1719,1746]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1345">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF99FFFDFB655788F307F973" box="[1163,1310,1720,1746]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1345" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="8BC13692FF99FFFDFBD757E7F2BBF953" blockId="6.[958,1310,1719,1778]" box="[1081,1186,1751,1778]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1345">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13452A17FF99FFFDFBAC57E7F280F950" box="[1090,1177,1751,1778]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStart-2="FIG" captionStart-3="FIG" captionStart-4="FIG" captionStart-5="FIG" captionStart-6="FIG" captionStart-7="FIG" captionStartId-0="7.[132,143,1527,1544]" captionStartId-1="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionStartId-2="8.[132,143,1985,2002]" captionStartId-3="9.[132,143,934,951]" captionStartId-4="10.[132,143,1018,1035]" captionStartId-5="12.[814,824,514,531]" captionStartId-6="14.[132,143,1193,1210]" captionStartId-7="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox-0="[342,1245,216,1485]" captionTargetBox-1="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetBox-2="[141,1449,1175,1928]" captionTargetBox-3="[156,1429,215,890]" captionTargetBox-4="[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetBox-5="[869,1398,215,471]" captionTargetBox-6="[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetBox-7="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId-0="figure-312@7.[340,885,759,1304]" captionTargetId-1="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId-2="figure-78@8.[132,1455,1156,1940]" captionTargetId-3="figure-699@9.[151,1436,200,930]" captionTargetId-4="figure-621@10.[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetId-5="figure-1087@12.[869,1398,215,471]" captionTargetId-6="figure-464@14.[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetId-7="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionTargetPageId-4="10" captionTargetPageId-5="12" captionTargetPageId-6="14" captionTargetPageId-7="16" captionText-0="FIG. 2. — Turtle shell, CPAG-RANKT-V-3, holotype of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., in situ, during and after excavation at the locality K18-12: A, carapace in posterior view; A1, close-up of a lateral border showing the presence of a venerid bivalve in life position inside the carapace; B, carapace in dorsal view after excavation and split into three blocks. Scale bar: 30 cm." captionText-1="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." captionText-2="FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.,n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3,from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:A, B, shell drawings, in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bars: 10 cm." captionText-3="FIG. 5. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, anterolateral part of the carapace after removal of a part of the costal 1 with part of the neural l and the costal 2, to show the imprints of the thoracic ribs 1 and 2, and axillary buttress, in dorsal view; B, same removed part in ventral view. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; cost 1, costal 1; n1, neural 1; nu, nuchal; per 2, peripheral 2; rib 1, rib 2, medial part of thoracic ribs 1 and 2. Scale bar: 4 cm." captionText-4="FIG. 6. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: left anterior part of the shell in oblique posterolateral view showing the delimitation of marginals 2 and 3, and of plastral scutes by the indentation at the end of sulci border, and the ventral bulges of the scutes. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; 3d per, third peripheral. The arrows indicate ends of sulci at the border of the peripherals and anterior plastral lobe. Scale bar: 5 cm." captionText-5="FIG. 7. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan. Medioanterior part of the shell,the nuchal being removed,showing a part of the dorsal face of the anterior lobe with the sulci limiting the overlapping scales. Scale bar:5 cm." captionText-6="FIG. 8. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan. A-D, decoration in various parts of the shell: A, isolated piece with the imprint of the mesoplastral external surface; B, marginal part of peripheral 10, dorsal view; C, left costal 1 part, posterior border at mid-width, dorsal view; D, a costal lateral border, in dorsal view; E, right hyoplastral part, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm." captionText-7="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776717" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776722" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776724" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776728" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776730" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776732" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5776717/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5776722/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5776724/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/5776728/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/5776730/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/5776732/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1345">Figs 2-9</figureCitation>
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|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF99FFFDFCC35659F232F84A" blockId="6.[811,1457,1897,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1345">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B163CCFFF99FFFDFCC35659F232F84A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3418206302" collectionCode="TYPE, MATERIAL, CPAG" country="Pakistan" county="d'Histoire" location="The" municipality="Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="1345" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sindh" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
TYPE MATERIAL. —
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58830FF99FFFDFC185659F24EF820" box="[1014,1111,1897,1921]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1345" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, a shell, CPAG-RANKT-V-3. The final repository of the fossil material reported here is the Centre for Pure and Applied Geology (CPAG), University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan. High-resolution casts are housed at the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF01661AFF98FFFCFF6A54C7F440F994" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776717" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5776717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776717/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346" startId="7.[132,143,1527,1544]" targetBox="[342,1245,216,1485]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF98FFFCFF6A54C7F440F994" blockId="7.[132,1455,1527,1589]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">
|
||
FIG. 2. — Turtle shell, CPAG-RANKT-V-3, holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF98FFFCFDA854C7F4FDF9A9" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[582,740,1527,1544]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF98FFFCFDA854C7F4FDF9A9" box="[582,740,1527,1544]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF98FFFCFD0754C7F579F9A9" box="[745,864,1527,1544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF98FFFCFC8854C7F581F9A9" box="[870,920,1527,1544]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
, during and after excavation at the locality K18-12:
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF98FFFCFAA454C7F34EF9A9" bold="true" box="[1354,1367,1527,1544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">A</emphasis>
|
||
, carapace in posterior view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF98FFFCFEF9573DF737F9BF" bold="true" box="[279,302,1549,1566]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">A1</emphasis>
|
||
, close-up of a lateral border showing the presence of a venerid bivalve in life position inside the carapace;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF98FFFCFB46573DF2ACF9BF" bold="true" box="[1192,1205,1549,1566]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">B</emphasis>
|
||
, carapace in dorsal view after excavation and split into three blocks. Scale bar: 30 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3646519FF98FFF2FF6A574BF40FF832" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="1348" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF98FFF2FF6A574BF40FF832" blockId="7.[131,777,1659,2027]" lastBlockId="9.[131,777,1069,1939]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="1348" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">
|
||
DIAGNOSIS. — For monotypic genus and species. A bothremydid turtle defined by the ornamentation of the shell consisting of raised well protruding polygons but, unlike other ornamented forms such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF98FFFCFF3F57FAF746F943" authorityName="sensu Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli" authorityYear="2020" box="[209,351,1738,1762]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF98FFFCFE7E57FBF42FF943" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[400,566,1738,1762]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leithii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF98FFFCFE7E57FBF42FF943" box="[400,566,1738,1762]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">Carteremys leithii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in having conjoined rather larger irregular polygons without a clear net of granulations, polygons clearly but irregularly protruding and either elongated or regularly polygonal, or open in dichotomic sulci at places. Sharing with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF98FFFCFF595604F74EF8ED" authorityName="Nopcsa" authorityYear="1931" box="[183,343,1844,1868]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Elochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perfecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF98FFFCFF595604F74EF8ED" box="[183,343,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">Elochelys perfecta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF98FFFCFE8B5604F7D4F8EA" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="1953" box="[357,461,1844,1867]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF98FFFCFE8B5604F7D4F8EA" box="[357,461,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">Carteremys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF98FFFCFDCA5604F495F8EA" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="1953" box="[548,652,1844,1867]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF98FFFCFDCA5604F495F8EA" box="[548,652,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">Carteremys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF98FFFCFD735604F518F8ED" box="[669,769,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">pisdurensis</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF98FFFCFF40567EF725F8C7" authorityName="sensu Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli" authorityYear="2020" box="[174,316,1870,1894]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
the generalized plastral anterior lobe scute pattern of a long intergular, separating narrower and shorter gulars, and widely reaching the pectorals, intergular also separating the thus narrowed humerals; but: humero-intergularo-pectoral sulcus crossing the entoplastron at the 2nd anterior third of its length, its humero-pectoral part posterior to the epi-hyoplastral suture in its median width, but close to it and laterally joining it, contrarily to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF98FFFCFCC357A6F596F90C" authorityName="Nopcsa" authorityYear="1931" box="[813,911,1685,1709]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Elochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perfecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF98FFFCFCC357A6F596F90C" box="[813,911,1685,1709]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">E. perfecta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
where it is completely anterior to the suture, contrarily to “
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF98FFFCFCBD5780F573F966" box="[851,874,1712,1735]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">C.</emphasis>
|
||
”
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF98FFFCFC955780F5C6F969" box="[891,991,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">pisdurensis</emphasis>
|
||
where it is medially anterior to the suture and lateroposteriorly inclined much posteriorly to the suture, and contrarily to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF98FFFCFC6D57D5F208F95C" authorityName="sensu Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli" authorityYear="2020" box="[899,1041,1765,1789]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF98FFFCFB8F57D5F2D1F95D" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="1953" box="[1121,1224,1765,1788]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF98FFFCFB8F57D5F2D1F95D" box="[1121,1224,1765,1788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">Carteremys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group where it does not cross the suture; intergularo-pectoral sulcus relatively transverse on the entoplastron, as in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF98FFFCFBD3562AF2BCF890" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="1953" box="[1085,1189,1818,1841]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF98FFFCFBD3562AF2BCF890" box="[1085,1189,1818,1841]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">Carteremys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, not being medially inclined in a marked V contrarily to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF98FFFCFB4A5605F311F8ED" authorityName="Nopcsa" authorityYear="1931" box="[1188,1288,1844,1868]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Elochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perfecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF98FFFCFB4A5605F311F8ED" box="[1188,1288,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">E. perfecta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, “
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF98FFFCFACF5604F321F8EA" box="[1313,1336,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">C.</emphasis>
|
||
”
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF98FFFCFAA45604F3B6F8ED" box="[1354,1455,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346">pisdurensis</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF98FFFCFCB9567EF5F0F8C7" authorityName="sensu Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli" authorityYear="2020" box="[855,1001,1870,1894]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1346" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Bothremydid carapace low with well-inclined bridges but different from other forms, being wider at the suture of peripherals 6-7; displaying a combination of other characters which are distributed in mosaic in the bothremydid groups such as: carapace anteriorly relatively elongated (with regard to primitive forms), at costals 1, neural 1 and anterior peripherals, but moderately, and with an anterior lateral convex contour and without medial nuchal projection; rounded marginal free border of the anterior peripherals; posterior contour slightly protruding towards pygal in a wide convex V; seven relatively narrow neurals; anterior and posterior (overall) plastral lobes not reaching the carapace borders in length; short trapezoid anterior lobe with lateral borders converging only a little towards the very gently convex transverse front, wider at base than the posterior lobe that is long; axillary buttresses laterally beginning at suture peripherals 3 – 4, not particularly thinned, medially overlapping in a curve two thirds of the thoracic rib 2 and medially ending in a rounded extremity on the rib 2 and, contrarily to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF96FFF2FF2A5460F79BFAC9" baseAuthorityName="Leidy" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[196,386,1360,1384]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FF2A5460F79BFAC9" box="[196,386,1360,1384]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">Taphrosphys sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, rib 2 not close to the costals 1-2 suture towards the median part; rib 1 much anteriorly standing up close to the suture between costals 1 and 2; bridge (between axillary and inguinal notches bottom) longer than the anterior lobe and shorter than the posterior one, with upwards inclined lateral processes, massively shaped around the large (nearly as long as wide) mesoplastra and beside the wide bridge peripherals; posterior lobe with gently convex lateral borders little posteriorly converging. Long marginals 1 overlapping at least the anterior mid-length of the nuchal, and marginals 2 overlap laterally much shortening, in convex curve from peripherals 1 to peripherals 2, this short marginal overlap extending at least to the fourth peripherals (not preserved in situ on the specimen up to the peripherals 8), and with a short ventral marginal overlap; dorsally these short lateroanterior marginals correspond to long pleurals 1, longer in relation to the following pleurals 2 to 4; vertebral 1 a little wider than the nuchal, 2nd to 4th as wide; possibly 4th the longer; and 5th the shorter, but posteriorly the wider. As in various other bothremydids, pectoroabdominal sulcus convex and slightly anterior to the mesoplastra, and curving towards them at its lateral extremity, and not posterior on the hyoplastron all along, contrarily to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF96FFF2FEEA5651F78CF8D8" authorityName="sensu Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli" authorityYear="2020" box="[260,405,1889,1913]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
; femorals longer than pectorals, both long in relation to abdominals and anals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF01661AFF97FFF3FF6A552BF46FFBE2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5776720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1347" startId="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,1008]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF97FFF3FF6A552BF46FFBE2" blockId="8.[132,1455,1051,1091]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1347">
|
||
FIG. 3. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF97FFF3FF3B552BF76BFB8D" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[213,370,1051,1068]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="8" pageNumber="1347" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF97FFF3FF3B552BF76BFB8D" box="[213,370,1051,1068]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1347">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF97FFF3FE99552BF7F7FB8D" box="[375,494,1051,1068]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1347" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF97FFF3FAF3552BF333FB8D" bold="true" box="[1309,1322,1051,1068]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1347">A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF97FFF3FADA552BF358FB8D" bold="true" box="[1332,1345,1051,1068]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1347">B</emphasis>
|
||
, shell photographs in dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF97FFF3FEFA5502F738FBE2" bold="true" box="[276,289,1074,1091]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1347">A</emphasis>
|
||
) and ventral (
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF97FFF3FE7C5502F786FBE2" bold="true" box="[402,415,1074,1091]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1347">B</emphasis>
|
||
) views. Scale bar: 10 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF01661AFF97FFF3FF6A56F1F458F848" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776722" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5776722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776722/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1347" startId="8.[132,143,1985,2002]" targetBox="[141,1449,1175,1928]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF97FFF3FF6A56F1F458F848" blockId="8.[132,1457,1985,2025]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1347">
|
||
FIG. 4. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF97FFF3FF3C56F1F776F873" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[210,367,1985,2002]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="8" pageNumber="1347" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen.,n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF97FFF3FF3C56F1F776F873" box="[210,367,1985,2002]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1347">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF97FFF3FE9C56F1F7FFF873" box="[370,486,1985,2002]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1347" rank="species">n. gen.,n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3,from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF97FFF3FAE956F1F30DF873" bold="true" box="[1287,1300,1985,2002]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1347">A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF97FFF3FAF356F1F333F873" bold="true" box="[1309,1322,1985,2002]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1347">B</emphasis>
|
||
, shell drawings, in dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF97FFF3FF3856E8F6FAF848" bold="true" box="[214,227,2008,2025]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1347">A</emphasis>
|
||
) and ventral (
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF97FFF3FEBD56E8F779F848" bold="true" box="[339,352,2008,2025]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1347">B</emphasis>
|
||
) views. Scale bars: 10 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF01661AFF96FFF2FF6A5296F487FC5A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776724" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5776724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776724/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348" startId="9.[132,143,934,951]" targetBox="[156,1429,215,890]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF96FFF2FF6A5296F487FC5A" blockId="9.[132,1456,934,1019]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">
|
||
FIG. 5. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF96FFF2FF395296F76CFC16" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[215,373,934,951]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FF395296F76CFC16" box="[215,373,934,951]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF96FFF2FE925296F7EDFC16" box="[380,500,934,951]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FAC15296F325FC16" bold="true" box="[1327,1340,934,951]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">A</emphasis>
|
||
, anterolateral part of the carapace after removal of a part of the costal 1 with part of the neural l and the costal 2, to show the imprints of the thoracic ribs 1 and 2, and axillary buttress, in dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FEA252E4F740FC44" bold="true" box="[332,345,980,997]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">B</emphasis>
|
||
, same removed part in ventral view. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FCED52E4F53EFC44" bold="true" box="[771,807,980,997]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">ax b</emphasis>
|
||
, axillary buttress;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FC5352E4F5EBFC44" bold="true" box="[957,1010,980,997]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">cost 1</emphasis>
|
||
, costal 1;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FBA952E4F245FC44" bold="true" box="[1095,1116,980,997]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">n1</emphasis>
|
||
, neural 1;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FB5F52E4F2DEFC44" bold="true" box="[1201,1223,980,997]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">nu</emphasis>
|
||
, nuchal;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FAFC52E4F327FC44" bold="true" box="[1298,1342,980,997]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">per 2</emphasis>
|
||
, peripheral 2;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FF6A52DAF6B2FC5A" bold="true" box="[132,171,1002,1019]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">rib 1</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FF5852DAF6C5FC5A" bold="true" box="[182,220,1002,1019]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">rib 2</emphasis>
|
||
, medial part of thoracic ribs 1 and 2. Scale bar: 4 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3646519FF96FFF2FF6A5689F332FB34" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF96FFF2FF6A5689F332FB34" blockId="9.[132,775,1976,2027]" lastBlockId="9.[811,1456,1069,1173]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">
|
||
ETYMOLOGY. — From
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FE875688F785F871" box="[361,412,1976,2000]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">chelys</emphasis>
|
||
, turtle in Latin. Species: in honor to our friend and colleague Jean-Claude Rage. HORIZON AND
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58830FF96FFF2FC505503F5F2FBE2" box="[958,1003,1075,1091]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">TYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
LOCALITY. — Lower part of the Khadro Formation, Ranikot Group, early Paleocene (probably early Danian in age),
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58830FF96FFF2FCC55553F54CFBDA" box="[811,853,1123,1147]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality K18-12, in the proximity of Ranikot Fort, Jamshoro District,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BAF870FF96FFF2FC6B554DF205FB34" box="[901,1052,1149,1173]" country="Pakistan" name="Sindh" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">Sindh Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF96FFF2FB68554DF2CEFB34" box="[1158,1239,1149,1173]" name="Pakistan" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF96FFF2FB0B554DF304FB34" box="[1253,1309,1149,1173]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[132,143,1940,1957]" captionTargetBox="[173,1415,215,1880]" captionTargetId="graphics-25@4.[175,1083,234,1780]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 1. — Location and stratigraphic position of fossil material: A, location of the Laki Range in eastern Sindh Province, southern Pakistan, and simplified geological map of the Ranikot Fort area (adapted from Schelling 1999); B, stratigraphic position of the fossil assemblage within the Waddi Sawri section. Note that the base of this section is close to the base of the Khadro Formation; in this area the thickness of the Khadro Formation is c. 80 m, and the fossil locality K18-12 is in the lower Khadro Formation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776713/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3646519FF96FFE8FCC35584F28CFC2E" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="1358" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF96FFF2FCC35584F224FB6F" blockId="9.[811,1457,1204,1613]" box="[813,1085,1204,1230]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">
|
||
DESCRIPTION (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF96FFF2FC205584F22DFB6F" box="[974,1076,1204,1230]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStart-2="FIG" captionStart-3="FIG" captionStart-4="FIG" captionStart-5="FIG" captionStart-6="FIG" captionStart-7="FIG" captionStart-8="FIG" captionStartId-0="7.[132,143,1527,1544]" captionStartId-1="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionStartId-2="8.[132,143,1985,2002]" captionStartId-3="9.[132,143,934,951]" captionStartId-4="10.[132,143,1018,1035]" captionStartId-5="12.[814,824,514,531]" captionStartId-6="14.[132,143,1193,1210]" captionStartId-7="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionStartId-8="20.[132,143,1573,1590]" captionTargetBox-0="[342,1245,216,1485]" captionTargetBox-1="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetBox-2="[141,1449,1175,1928]" captionTargetBox-3="[156,1429,215,890]" captionTargetBox-4="[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetBox-5="[869,1398,215,471]" captionTargetBox-6="[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetBox-7="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetBox-8="[293,1271,216,1530]" captionTargetId-0="figure-312@7.[340,885,759,1304]" captionTargetId-1="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId-2="figure-78@8.[132,1455,1156,1940]" captionTargetId-3="figure-699@9.[151,1436,200,930]" captionTargetId-4="figure-621@10.[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetId-5="figure-1087@12.[869,1398,215,471]" captionTargetId-6="figure-464@14.[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetId-7="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId-8="figure-203@20.[251,1336,205,1557]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionTargetPageId-4="10" captionTargetPageId-5="12" captionTargetPageId-6="14" captionTargetPageId-7="16" captionTargetPageId-8="20" captionText-0="FIG. 2. — Turtle shell, CPAG-RANKT-V-3, holotype of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., in situ, during and after excavation at the locality K18-12: A, carapace in posterior view; A1, close-up of a lateral border showing the presence of a venerid bivalve in life position inside the carapace; B, carapace in dorsal view after excavation and split into three blocks. Scale bar: 30 cm." captionText-1="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." captionText-2="FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.,n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3,from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:A, B, shell drawings, in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bars: 10 cm." captionText-3="FIG. 5. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, anterolateral part of the carapace after removal of a part of the costal 1 with part of the neural l and the costal 2, to show the imprints of the thoracic ribs 1 and 2, and axillary buttress, in dorsal view; B, same removed part in ventral view. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; cost 1, costal 1; n1, neural 1; nu, nuchal; per 2, peripheral 2; rib 1, rib 2, medial part of thoracic ribs 1 and 2. Scale bar: 4 cm." captionText-4="FIG. 6. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: left anterior part of the shell in oblique posterolateral view showing the delimitation of marginals 2 and 3, and of plastral scutes by the indentation at the end of sulci border, and the ventral bulges of the scutes. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; 3d per, third peripheral. The arrows indicate ends of sulci at the border of the peripherals and anterior plastral lobe. Scale bar: 5 cm." captionText-5="FIG. 7. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan. Medioanterior part of the shell,the nuchal being removed,showing a part of the dorsal face of the anterior lobe with the sulci limiting the overlapping scales. Scale bar:5 cm." captionText-6="FIG. 8. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan. A-D, decoration in various parts of the shell: A, isolated piece with the imprint of the mesoplastral external surface; B, marginal part of peripheral 10, dorsal view; C, left costal 1 part, posterior border at mid-width, dorsal view; D, a costal lateral border, in dorsal view; E, right hyoplastral part, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm." captionText-7="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." captionText-8="FIG. 10. — Fragmentary part of a carapace of an undetermined Bothremydidae, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, CPAG-RANKT-V4, Southern Pakistan: A, B, ventral and dorsal views; C, detail of the dorsal decoration. Abbreviations: cost3, costal 3; cost5, costal 5; pcs, suture of the peripheral border with the border of plastral processes; per 5-8, peripherals 5, 6, 7, 8; perf, pholad perforations. Scale bars: A, B, 4 cm; C, 1 cm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776717" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776722" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776724" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776728" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776730" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776732" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776736" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5776717/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5776722/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5776724/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/5776728/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/5776730/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/5776732/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/5776736/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">Figs 2-10</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF96FFF2FCC355E4F5B2FB4C" blockId="9.[811,1457,1204,1613]" box="[813,939,1236,1261]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FCC355E4F5B2FB4C" box="[813,939,1236,1261]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">Preservation</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF96FFF2FCC355C3F3B6F9EC" blockId="9.[811,1457,1204,1613]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">
|
||
The shell has been flattened during the fossilization, and the plastron is fractured at bridges and slightly pushed into the carapace. The carapace is therefore a little wider than when the individual was alive. A great part of the carapace was imbedded in a hard matrix, which could not be removed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF96FFF2FACD5443F379FA2C" box="[1315,1376,1395,1421]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[132,143,1527,1544]" captionTargetBox="[342,1245,216,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-312@7.[340,885,759,1304]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 2. — Turtle shell, CPAG-RANKT-V-3, holotype of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., in situ, during and after excavation at the locality K18-12: A, carapace in posterior view; A1, close-up of a lateral border showing the presence of a venerid bivalve in life position inside the carapace; B, carapace in dorsal view after excavation and split into three blocks. Scale bar: 30 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776717/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), and a part of the plates were dislocated inside the whole assemblage. After the preparation, the elements of broken plates were not in contact, and they are preserved separately; some parts remained in the hard matrix. The photograph (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF96FFF2FACD54C3F379F9AC" box="[1315,1376,1523,1549]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) shows the preserved prepared part with plates in place or in imprints allowing a drawing of the full carapace and plastron (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF96FFF2FA8C5702F386F9EC" box="[1378,1439,1586,1613]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1985,2002]" captionTargetBox="[141,1449,1175,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-78@8.[132,1455,1156,1940]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.,n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3,from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:A, B, shell drawings, in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bars: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776722/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF96FFF2FCC35743F212F92D" blockId="9.[811,1456,1650,2028]" box="[813,1035,1650,1676]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">
|
||
<heading id="D08981FEFF96FFF2FCC35743F212F92D" box="[813,1035,1650,1676]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348" reason="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FCC35743F212F92D" box="[813,1035,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">
|
||
Dimensions (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6FC0329FF96FFF2FC5D5742F218F92D" box="[947,1025,1650,1676]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="5.[132,143,219,236]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan. Shell measurements are in cm." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF01661AFF9AFFFEFF6A51EBF740FEBB" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348" tableUuid="DF01661AFF9AFFFEFF6A51EBF740FEBB">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF96FFF2FCC357A2F3B4F84A" blockId="9.[811,1456,1650,2028]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">
|
||
The shell is large (around
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B77FF96FFF2FBAF57A2F29CF90C" box="[1089,1157,1682,1709]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348" unit="cm" value="70.0">70 cm</quantity>
|
||
long) and the length/width ratio on (
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FC7F5783F5B6F96D" box="[913,943,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
85 to 90 %) shows it was relatively high for the family, even taking into account the post-mortem flattening. The shell was clearly wider than in the more primitive Pelomedusoides and podocnemidoid forms of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF96FFF2FB3D5622F308F88D" box="[1235,1297,1810,1836]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF96FFF2FAA95622F3B5F88D" box="[1351,1452,1810,1836]" name="Morocco" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">Morocco</collectingCountry>
|
||
. It is neither the smallest nor the largest known bothremydid fossil shell. The oldest and primitive Brazilian bothremydid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF96FFF2FCC35641F5B8F82A" authorityName="Gaffney, Campos de Almeida & Hirayama" authorityYear="2001" box="[813,929,1905,1931]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Cearachelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FCC35641F5B8F82A" box="[813,929,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">Cearachelys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a shell length of
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FB9D5642F29AF82A" box="[1139,1155,1906,1931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">c.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B77FF96FFF2FB645641F2D2F82D" box="[1162,1227,1905,1932]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348" unit="cm" value="15.0">15 cm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF96FFF2FB375641F386F82A" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." box="[1241,1439,1905,1931]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FADD5642F37DF82A" box="[1331,1380,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Whereas some Maastrichtian shells from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF96FFF2FB0F56A1F307F80A" box="[1249,1310,1937,1963]" name="Niger" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">Niger</collectingCountry>
|
||
have a length of
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B77FF96FFF2FCA85681F5F8F86D" box="[838,993,1969,1996]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348" unit="cm" value="135.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="120.0">120 to 150 cm</quantity>
|
||
(Lapparent de Broin
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF96FFF2FB2D5682F2EFF86A" box="[1219,1270,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1348">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020). Although much flattened post-mortem, the shell was however rather
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF01661AFF95FFF1FF6A52CAF7F1FBEE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776728" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5776728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776728/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349" startId="10.[132,143,1018,1035]" targetBox="[416,1172,215,977]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF95FFF1FF6A52CAF7F1FBEE" blockId="10.[132,1455,1018,1103]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">
|
||
FIG. 6. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF95FFF1FF3852CAF76DFBAA" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[214,372,1018,1035]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF95FFF1FF3852CAF76DFBAA" box="[214,372,1018,1035]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF95FFF1FE9452CAF7EBFBAA" box="[378,498,1018,1035]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: left anterior part of the shell in oblique posterolateral view showing the delimitation of marginals 2 and 3, and of plastral scutes by the indentation at the end of sulci border, and the ventral bulges of the scutes. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF95FFF1FDFE5518F42DFB98" bold="true" box="[528,564,1064,1081]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">ax b</emphasis>
|
||
, axillary buttress;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF95FFF1FD225518F51DFB98" bold="true" box="[716,772,1064,1081]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">3d per</emphasis>
|
||
, third peripheral. The arrows indicate ends of sulci at the border of the peripherals and anterior plastral lobe. Scale bar: 5 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF95FFF1FF6A55A4F7BBFB6F" blockId="10.[132,775,1172,1230]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">low and gently rounded dorsally, without dorsal carina, and with well inclined bridges.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF95FFF1FF6A55C4F748FAAF" blockId="10.[130,777,1268,2028]" box="[132,337,1268,1294]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">
|
||
<heading id="D08981FEFF95FFF1FF6A55C4F748FAAF" box="[132,337,1268,1294]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349" reason="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF95FFF1FF6A55C4F748FAAF" box="[132,337,1268,1294]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">
|
||
Carapace (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF95FFF1FF1A55C4F751FAAF" box="[244,328,1268,1294]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStart-2="FIG" captionStart-3="FIG" captionStart-4="FIG" captionStart-5="FIG" captionStart-6="FIG" captionStart-7="FIG" captionStartId-0="7.[132,143,1527,1544]" captionStartId-1="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionStartId-2="8.[132,143,1985,2002]" captionStartId-3="9.[132,143,934,951]" captionStartId-4="10.[132,143,1018,1035]" captionStartId-5="12.[814,824,514,531]" captionStartId-6="14.[132,143,1193,1210]" captionStartId-7="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox-0="[342,1245,216,1485]" captionTargetBox-1="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetBox-2="[141,1449,1175,1928]" captionTargetBox-3="[156,1429,215,890]" captionTargetBox-4="[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetBox-5="[869,1398,215,471]" captionTargetBox-6="[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetBox-7="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId-0="figure-312@7.[340,885,759,1304]" captionTargetId-1="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId-2="figure-78@8.[132,1455,1156,1940]" captionTargetId-3="figure-699@9.[151,1436,200,930]" captionTargetId-4="figure-621@10.[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetId-5="figure-1087@12.[869,1398,215,471]" captionTargetId-6="figure-464@14.[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetId-7="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionTargetPageId-4="10" captionTargetPageId-5="12" captionTargetPageId-6="14" captionTargetPageId-7="16" captionText-0="FIG. 2. — Turtle shell, CPAG-RANKT-V-3, holotype of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., in situ, during and after excavation at the locality K18-12: A, carapace in posterior view; A1, close-up of a lateral border showing the presence of a venerid bivalve in life position inside the carapace; B, carapace in dorsal view after excavation and split into three blocks. Scale bar: 30 cm." captionText-1="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." captionText-2="FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.,n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3,from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:A, B, shell drawings, in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bars: 10 cm." captionText-3="FIG. 5. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, anterolateral part of the carapace after removal of a part of the costal 1 with part of the neural l and the costal 2, to show the imprints of the thoracic ribs 1 and 2, and axillary buttress, in dorsal view; B, same removed part in ventral view. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; cost 1, costal 1; n1, neural 1; nu, nuchal; per 2, peripheral 2; rib 1, rib 2, medial part of thoracic ribs 1 and 2. Scale bar: 4 cm." captionText-4="FIG. 6. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: left anterior part of the shell in oblique posterolateral view showing the delimitation of marginals 2 and 3, and of plastral scutes by the indentation at the end of sulci border, and the ventral bulges of the scutes. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; 3d per, third peripheral. The arrows indicate ends of sulci at the border of the peripherals and anterior plastral lobe. Scale bar: 5 cm." captionText-5="FIG. 7. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan. Medioanterior part of the shell,the nuchal being removed,showing a part of the dorsal face of the anterior lobe with the sulci limiting the overlapping scales. Scale bar:5 cm." captionText-6="FIG. 8. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan. A-D, decoration in various parts of the shell: A, isolated piece with the imprint of the mesoplastral external surface; B, marginal part of peripheral 10, dorsal view; C, left costal 1 part, posterior border at mid-width, dorsal view; D, a costal lateral border, in dorsal view; E, right hyoplastral part, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm." captionText-7="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776717" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776722" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776724" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776728" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776730" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776732" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5776717/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5776722/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5776724/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/5776728/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/5776730/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/5776732/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">Figs 2-9</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF95FFF1FF6A5423F51EF84A" blockId="10.[130,777,1268,2028]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">
|
||
The maximum width is at the suture between the peripherals 6 and 7 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF95FFF1FF265403F70CFAEF" box="[200,277,1331,1358]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">Figs 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF95FFF1FEF25403F727FAEF" box="[284,318,1331,1358]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1985,2002]" captionTargetBox="[141,1449,1175,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-78@8.[132,1455,1156,1940]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.,n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3,from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:A, B, shell drawings, in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bars: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776722/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
).There are no parallel lateral borders on a short length between the peripherals 4 to 8, unlike most bothremydids: the contour widens from peripherals 2 to 6 and narrows from peripherals 6-7 contact up to the pygal. Anteriorly, the outline of the carapace is semicircular, being just straight at the nuchal area border (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF95FFF1FEEB54E3F74AFA4C" box="[261,339,1491,1517]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1985,2002]" captionTargetBox="[141,1449,1175,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-78@8.[132,1455,1156,1940]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.,n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3,from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:A, B, shell drawings, in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bars: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776722/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Posteriorly, the carapace reduces in width with a medial posterior protrusion, forming a wide V.Thus, the carapace was not ovoid in shape, and its anterior part was not anteriorly longer and narrower, in relation to the less long posterior part. The anterior border of the nuchal 1 and most of the border of peripherals 1 is not preserved, but the contour may be reconstructed as transversally straight at the nuchal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF95FFF1FD6457A2F4CCF90D" box="[650,725,1682,1708]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1985,2002]" captionTargetBox="[141,1449,1175,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-78@8.[132,1455,1156,1940]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.,n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3,from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:A, B, shell drawings, in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bars: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776722/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">Fig.4A</figureCitation>
|
||
) and at medial part of peripherals 1. Indeed, this part does not seem to have been much projected because of the very moderately inclined border of peripherals 2 and 3; this character differs from the condition seen in some taphrosphyine (
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF95FFF1FDAB5622F461F88A" box="[581,632,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF95FFF1FD935622F78DF8ED" author="LAPPARENT DE BROIN & F. DE & GUNTUPALLI & V. R. PRASAD" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349" pagination="123 - 180" refId="ref21102" refString="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD 2020. - Chelonian Pelomedusoides remains from the Late Cretaceous of Upparhatti (Southwestern India): Systematics and Palaeobiogeographical implications, in GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD (ed.), Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer Science & Business Media Publishers: 123 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 030 - 49753 - 8 _ 7" type="book chapter" year="2020">Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) bothremydids such as “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF95FFF1FD765601F7E9F8CD" authority="" Bergounioux, 1952" authorityName="" Bergounioux" authorityYear="1952" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Gafsachelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neurriregularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF95FFF1FD765601F70CF8CA" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">Gafsachelys neurriregularis</emphasis>
|
||
”
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF95FFF1FEC85661F7E9F8CD" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[294,496,1873,1900]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349" pagination="377 - 396" refId="ref18794" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1952. - Les Cheloniens fossiles de Gafsa, in ARAMBOURG C. & SIGNEUX J., Les Vertebres fossiles des gisements de Phosphates (Maroc-Algerie-Tunisie). Notes et Memoires du Service geologique du Maroc 92, appendix: 377 - 396." type="journal article" year="1952">Bergounioux, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Ypresian of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BAF870FF95FFF1FD225661F51EF8CA" box="[716,775,1873,1899]" country="Tunisia" name="Gafsa" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">Gafsa</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF95FFF1FF645641F6C4F82D" box="[138,221,1905,1932]" name="Tunisia" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF95FFF1FF195641F7DAF82D" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[247,451,1905,1932]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref18844" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1956. - Les reptiles fossiles des depots phosphates sud tunisiens. Annales des Mines et de la Geologie 15: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1956">Bergounioux 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 10). Besides, the median carapace part has no parallel lateral borders, and the posterior part is not rounded as in some bothremydids such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF95FFF1FD415681F43DF84D" authority="Nopcsa, 1931 a" authorityName="Nopcsa" authorityYear="1931" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Elochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perfecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF95FFF1FD415681F6C9F84A" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">Elochelys perfecta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF95FFF1FF3956E2F76AF84A" author="NOPCSA F." box="[215,371,2001,2028]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref21616" refString="NOPCSA F. 1931 a. - Note preliminaire sur quelques tortues du Danien du Midi de la France. Annales du Musee d'Histoire naturelle de Marseille 22 (6): 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1931">Nopcsa, 1931a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF95FFF1FE6C56E2F402F84A" author="NOPCSA F." box="[386,539,2001,2028]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349" pagination="223 - 235" refId="ref21652" refString="NOPCSA F. 1931 b. - Sur des nouveaux restes de Tortues du Danien du Midi de la France. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France S. 5, 3 - 4: 223 - 235." type="journal article" year="1931">Nopcsa 1931b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Campanian
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF95FFF0FCC255A4F51BFC0E" blockId="10.[810,1457,1172,2028]" lastBlockId="11.[130,777,215,1645]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="1350" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">
|
||
of Fuveau-Valdonne (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF95FFF1FBF855A4F27AFB0F" box="[1046,1123,1172,1198]" name="France" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
). The anterior part of the shell is elongated in relation to the primitive condition seen in the oldest bothremydids such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF95FFF1FBB955E4F3B2FB4F" authority="(Gaffney et al. 2006)" baseAuthorityName="Gaffney" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[1111,1451,1236,1262]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Cearachelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF95FFF1FBB955E4F2D0FB4F" box="[1111,1225,1236,1262]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">Cearachelys</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF95FFF1FB3655E4F386FB4F" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." box="[1240,1439,1236,1262]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF95FFF1FADC55E4F37AFB4C" box="[1330,1379,1236,1262]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The maximal length of the costal 1 (at the suture of peripherals 2 and 3) is here as large as the length of the part including the costals 2, 3 and 4 at their mid width (measured following the surface curve). In agreement, the nuchal and peripherals 1 and 2 are also elongated. Although its anterior border is missing, it is clear the nuchal was elongated, but shorter than the costals 1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF95FFF1FCDB5483F59DFA6C" box="[821,900,1459,1485]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1985,2002]" captionTargetBox="[141,1449,1175,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-78@8.[132,1455,1156,1940]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.,n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3,from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:A, B, shell drawings, in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bars: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776722/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The free border of peripherals 2 and 3 is not acute; it is rounded as in some of the indetermined
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF95FFF1FB3854E3F36FFA4C" authorityName="BAUR" authorityYear="1891" box="[1238,1398,1491,1517]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Bothremydidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Maastrichtian of Upparhatti (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF95FFF1FB9354C3F2AFF9AF" box="[1149,1206,1523,1550]" name="India" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF95FFF1FB2254C3F5C4F98C" author="LAPPARENT DE BROIN & F. DE & GUNTUPALLI & V. R. PRASAD" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349" pagination="123 - 180" refId="ref21102" refString="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD 2020. - Chelonian Pelomedusoides remains from the Late Cretaceous of Upparhatti (Southwestern India): Systematics and Palaeobiogeographical implications, in GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD (ed.), Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer Science & Business Media Publishers: 123 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 030 - 49753 - 8 _ 7" type="book chapter" year="2020">Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 7); it is ventrally rounded with a short marginal scute overlap (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF95FFF1FBC65702F263F9EC" box="[1064,1146,1586,1613]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">Figs 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF95FFF1FB685702F28DF9ED" box="[1158,1172,1586,1612]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1018,1035]" captionTargetBox="[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetId="figure-621@10.[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: left anterior part of the shell in oblique posterolateral view showing the delimitation of marginals 2 and 3, and of plastral scutes by the indentation at the end of sulci border, and the ventral bulges of the scutes. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; 3d per, third peripheral. The arrows indicate ends of sulci at the border of the peripherals and anterior plastral lobe. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776728/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="1349">6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The costal 1 is united by concave sutures: 1) anterolaterally to the posterolateral nuchal border and to peripherals 1 to 4, and medially to the neural 1; 2) and by straight sutures to the anterolateral border of the neural 2 and with the costal 2. The first peripheral is the narrowest of all the series, and it is overall narrow posteriorly, at its suture with the costal 1. There are seven neurals. The neural 1 is narrow and elongated in agreement with the costal 1. It is quadrangular, the longer of the series (in agreement with the costal 1 great length). Neurals 2 to 5 (hexagonal with short anterolateral sides) are narrow, and an individual variability in their shape and relative length is observed:1)they have a narrow and nearly equidimensional contact between them but a narrower contact is situated between the neurals 4 and 5; and 2) they have a slightly different length, and a variable maximal width (at the junction of successive costals). Hexagonal neural 6 is shorter than neurals 2 to 5, and pentagonal neural 7 is even shorter, being the shortest in the series: both 6th and 7th have lateral sides which are as long anteriorly and posteriorly. The costals 7 partly posteriorly meet in the mid-line behind neural 7; the costals 8 are fully meeting medially. Costals 2 to 4 are approximately as long laterally as medially, costals 5 are laterally longer, and costals 6 to 8 are laterally longer and less wide (overall the 8th), accompanying the posterior carapace protrusion. The neurals 2 to 5 appear long because they are relatively narrow for their length, particularly the neurals 3 and 4, and evidently their length is in agreement with the costal length, i.e. they are not particularly long in the carapace. The suprapygal is pentagonal as usual in the family when the posterior costals 8 meet in the midline and the pygal is quadrangular, longer than wide in dorsal views (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FD915385F4D7FD71" box="[639,718,693,720]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Figs 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FD395386F4E3FD71" box="[727,762,694,720]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">9C</figureCitation>
|
||
). In the dorsal views, the posteromedially pointed posterior border of the carapace appears shorter than the anterior one because the carapace is more inclined than the anterior border. On the left, part of the costal 6 and costals 7 and 8 are seen only by their impression: the transection of the iliac bone appears as an oval part in the matrix, between the 7
|
||
<superScript id="7C0B9BDAFF94FFF0FDE05246F407FC26" attach="left" box="[526,542,886,903]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">th</superScript>
|
||
and 8
|
||
<superScript id="7C0B9BDAFF94FFF0FD8E5246F469FC26" attach="left" box="[608,624,886,903]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">th</superScript>
|
||
plates impression (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FF5052A5F709FC0E" box="[190,272,917,943]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Figs 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FEF452A5F725FC0E" box="[282,316,917,943]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">9C</figureCitation>
|
||
), as usual below its suture with these plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF94FFF0FF755285F481F9CC" blockId="11.[130,777,215,1645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">
|
||
It has been possible to separate a fragment with a good part of the neural 1, the left costal 1 and a triangular medial part of the costal 2, which allows to see its ventral aspect (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FD6852C4F4CAFBAE" box="[646,723,1012,1039]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[132,143,934,951]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,215,890]" captionTargetId="figure-699@9.[151,1436,200,930]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 5. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, anterolateral part of the carapace after removal of a part of the costal 1 with part of the neural l and the costal 2, to show the imprints of the thoracic ribs 1 and 2, and axillary buttress, in dorsal view; B, same removed part in ventral view. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; cost 1, costal 1; n1, neural 1; nu, nuchal; per 2, peripheral 2; rib 1, rib 2, medial part of thoracic ribs 1 and 2. Scale bar: 4 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776724/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
) and the corresponding impression of the carapace in dorsal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FF635504F6F8FBEF" box="[141,225,1076,1103]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[132,143,934,951]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,215,890]" captionTargetId="figure-699@9.[151,1436,200,930]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 5. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, anterolateral part of the carapace after removal of a part of the costal 1 with part of the neural l and the costal 2, to show the imprints of the thoracic ribs 1 and 2, and axillary buttress, in dorsal view; B, same removed part in ventral view. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; cost 1, costal 1; n1, neural 1; nu, nuchal; per 2, peripheral 2; rib 1, rib 2, medial part of thoracic ribs 1 and 2. Scale bar: 4 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776724/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The thoracic rib 2 is extended, below the costal 1 surface, medially from the interval between the neurals 1 and 2 towards laterally the peripheral 4; all along its course, it is rather close to the suture with the costal 2 but not very close, and not linked to it as in some forms. The thoracic rib 1 first extends (from laterally to medially) below the costal 1 along the medial third of the rib 2. Close to the medial border of the costal 1, rib 1 abruptly curves to extend anteromedially towars the level of the mid-length of the neural 1, where it sutured with the apophysis (not preserved) of the thoracic vertebra. The axillary buttress extends medially upon the thoracic rib
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B77FF94FFF0FF6B54A3F6A8FA0C" box="[133,177,1427,1453]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
a gentle curve, from the suture between the peripherals 3 and 4, and it covers the rib 2 on the two lateral thirds (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FF6354E3F6E6FA4C" box="[141,255,1491,1518]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[132,143,934,951]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,215,890]" captionTargetId="figure-699@9.[151,1436,200,930]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 5. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, anterolateral part of the carapace after removal of a part of the costal 1 with part of the neural l and the costal 2, to show the imprints of the thoracic ribs 1 and 2, and axillary buttress, in dorsal view; B, same removed part in ventral view. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; cost 1, costal 1; n1, neural 1; nu, nuchal; per 2, peripheral 2; rib 1, rib 2, medial part of thoracic ribs 1 and 2. Scale bar: 4 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776724/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Fig. 5A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
), making a rounded bulge ventrally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FD6154E3F4F8FA4C" box="[655,737,1491,1518]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[132,143,934,951]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,215,890]" captionTargetId="figure-699@9.[151,1436,200,930]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 5. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, anterolateral part of the carapace after removal of a part of the costal 1 with part of the neural l and the costal 2, to show the imprints of the thoracic ribs 1 and 2, and axillary buttress, in dorsal view; B, same removed part in ventral view. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; cost 1, costal 1; n1, neural 1; nu, nuchal; per 2, peripheral 2; rib 1, rib 2, medial part of thoracic ribs 1 and 2. Scale bar: 4 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776724/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
). It medially ends in a rounded scar which is not dilated. In their median part, the axillary buttress and rib 2 are not as close to the suture between the costals 1 and 2 than in taphrosphyine specimens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF94FFF0FEEC5763F491F9CD" author="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & WERNER C." box="[258,648,1618,1645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350" pagination="131 - 214" refId="ref21191" refString="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & WERNER C. 1998. - New late Cretaceous turtles from the Western Desert, Egypt. Annales de Paleontologie 84 (2): 131 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0753 - 3969 (98) 80005 - 0" type="journal article" year="1998">Lapparent de Broin & Werner 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF94FFF0FF6A57A2F7BDF90D" blockId="11.[131,776,1682,2028]" box="[132,420,1682,1709]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">
|
||
<heading id="D08981FEFF94FFF0FF6A57A2F7BDF90D" box="[132,420,1682,1709]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350" reason="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF94FFF0FF6A57A2F7BDF90D" box="[132,420,1682,1709]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">
|
||
Plastron (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FF0757A3F72EF90D" box="[233,311,1682,1708]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Figs 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FEAA57A2F77AF90D" box="[324,355,1682,1708]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1985,2002]" captionTargetBox="[141,1449,1175,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-78@8.[132,1455,1156,1940]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.,n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3,from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:A, B, shell drawings, in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bars: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776722/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FE9F57A2F766F90D" box="[369,383,1682,1708]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1018,1035]" captionTargetBox="[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetId="figure-621@10.[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: left anterior part of the shell in oblique posterolateral view showing the delimitation of marginals 2 and 3, and of plastral scutes by the indentation at the end of sulci border, and the ventral bulges of the scutes. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; 3d per, third peripheral. The arrows indicate ends of sulci at the border of the peripherals and anterior plastral lobe. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776728/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">6</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FE6357A3F782F90C" box="[397,411,1683,1709]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[814,824,514,531]" captionTargetBox="[869,1398,215,471]" captionTargetId="figure-1087@12.[869,1398,215,471]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 7. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan. Medioanterior part of the shell,the nuchal being removed,showing a part of the dorsal face of the anterior lobe with the sulci limiting the overlapping scales. Scale bar:5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776730/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">7</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF94FFF0FF6A5783F51EF84D" blockId="11.[131,776,1682,2028]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">
|
||
It is nearly complete, missing most of the right xiphiplastron and the end of the left xiphiplastron, close to the anal notch, at the insertion of the ischion. The pelvis is concealed by the matrix and the shape of the pubis and ischiatic scars are unknown. However, in posterior view of the shell, the ischiatic contact with the xiphiplastron appears as making a transverse contact: there is no indication of the rounded scar of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF94FFF0FF4C56A1F416F80D" authority="(Leidy, 1856)" baseAuthorityName="Leidy" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[162,527,1937,1964]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF94FFF0FF4C56A1F76DF80A" box="[162,372,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Taphrosphys sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF94FFF0FE6A56A1F41EF80D" author="LEIDY J." box="[388,519,1937,1964]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350" pagination="303 - 304" refId="ref21246" refString="LEIDY J. 1856. - Notices of remains of extinct turtles of New Jersey, collected by Prof. Cook, of the State Geological Survey, under the direction of Dr. W. Kitchell. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 8: 303 - 304. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 1935359" type="journal article" year="1856">Leidy, 1856</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other members of the taphrosphyine tribe (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF94FFF0FE625681F406F86D" author="GAFFNEY E. S." box="[396,543,1969,1996]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref19658" refString="GAFFNEY E. S. 1975. - A revision of the side-necked turtle Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy) from the Cretaceous of New Jersey. American Museum Novitates 2571: 1 - 24. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2246 / 5459" type="journal article" year="1975">Gaffney 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 11;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF94FFF0FD975681F6A5F84A" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." pageId="11" pageNumber="1350" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF94FFF0FD385682F51EF86A" box="[726,775,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (this tribe corresponding here to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF94FFF0FDA856E1F4D8F84A" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1869" box="[582,705,2001,2027]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF94FFF0FDA856E1F4D8F84A" box="[582,705,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Taphrosphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF94FFF0FCC551E7F3B8FDF0" blockId="11.[811,1457,215,1517]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">
|
||
of Broin in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF94FFF0FC4751E7F2BAFF50" author="ANTUNES M. T. & BROIN F. DE" box="[937,1187,215,241]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350" pagination="153 - 200" refId="ref18504" refString="ANTUNES M. T. & BROIN F. DE 1988. - Le Cretace terminal de Beira Litoral, Portugal: remarques stratigraphiques et ecologiques; etude complementaire de Rosasia soutoi (Chelonii, Bothremydidae). Ciencias da Terra (Universidade Nova de Lisboa) 9: 153 - 200." type="journal article" year="1988">Antunes & Broin 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, i.e.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF94FFF0FB3951E7F2DDFEB0" authority="sensu Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli 2020" authorityName="sensu Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">
|
||
Taphrosphyini
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF94FFF0FA9751E8F3B4FF50" box="[1401,1453,216,241]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF94FFF0FCC351C8F2DDFEB0" author="LAPPARENT DE BROIN & F. DE & GUNTUPALLI & V. R. PRASAD" box="[813,1220,247,274]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350" pagination="123 - 180" refId="ref21102" refString="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD 2020. - Chelonian Pelomedusoides remains from the Late Cretaceous of Upparhatti (Southwestern India): Systematics and Palaeobiogeographical implications, in GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD (ed.), Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer Science & Business Media Publishers: 123 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 030 - 49753 - 8 _ 7" type="book chapter" year="2020">Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The axillary notches are slightly deformed, better preserved on the right side. The bottom of the right inguinal notch is preserved, and the left one is partly cut by a crack; but its bottom position is indicated by the lateral end of the abdominofemoral sulcus on the hypoplastron, beside the crack, and conform to the right preserved side. The bridge length between the notches bottom was long, reaching approximately 36% of the full length of the plastron. The axillary buttress reaches the boundary between the peripherals 3 and 4 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FB4F5326F2F8FD91" box="[1185,1249,534,560]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1018,1035]" captionTargetBox="[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetId="figure-621@10.[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: left anterior part of the shell in oblique posterolateral view showing the delimitation of marginals 2 and 3, and of plastral scutes by the indentation at the end of sulci border, and the ventral bulges of the scutes. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; 3d per, third peripheral. The arrows indicate ends of sulci at the border of the peripherals and anterior plastral lobe. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776728/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), and the inguinal buttress reaches 2/3rd of the peripheral 8 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FB0E5306F328FDF0" box="[1248,1329,566,593]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
, left side).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF94FFF0FCAD5366F5E1FA0F" blockId="11.[811,1457,215,1517]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">
|
||
The anterior lobe is wide so that it laterally covers rather well the axillary notches space, much occupying the anterior carapace opening in ventral view. It is trapezoidal with a wide transverse anterior border, barely convex, wide at its base and not reaching the anterior nuchal border. The epiplastral symphysis is short and the entoplastron is large in the anterior lobe. It is widely pyriform and its posterior extremity is posterior to the transverse line passing at the bottom of the axillary notches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FBFF5265F27BFCD1" box="[1041,1122,853,880]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
, right side). The bridge length between the axillary and inguinal notches is nearly as long as the posterior lobe. The bridge presents the great oblique surfaces of the lateral processes between the main plastral body and the corresponding ventral border of the wide peripherals. The large lateral mesoplastra are hexagonal, a little wider than long, their length representing about one third of the lateral bridge length. The posterior lobe is slightly less wide at its base than the anterior one. Its lateral borders, barely rounded just posterior to the inguinal notch bottom, are gently converging posteriorly towards the mid-line. The posterior lobe does not cover as much the inguinal notches space than in some other bothremydids, but more than in the primitive condition, in which lateral borders are straighter and more posteriorly converging (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF94FFF0FB855424F3B6FA8F" authority="Perez-Garcia, 2019" authorityName="Perez-Garcia" authorityYear="2019" box="[1131,1455,1300,1326]" class="Reptilia" genus="Francemys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF94FFF0FB855424F2CEFA8C" box="[1131,1239,1300,1325]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Francemys</emphasis>
|
||
Pérez-García, 2019
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[Pérez-García 2019a] and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF94FFF0FBA05403F270FACC" authority="Gaffney, Campos de Almeida & Hirayama, 2001" authorityName="Gaffney, Campos de Almeida & Hirayama" authorityYear="2001" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Cearachelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF94FFF0FBA05403F2DCFAEC" box="[1102,1221,1331,1357]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Cearachelys</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF94FFF0FB205403F270FACC" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & CAMPOS DE ALMEIDA & HIRAYAMA R." pageId="11" pageNumber="1350" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref19811" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., CAMPOS DE ALMEIDA & HIRAYAMA R. 2001 a. - Cearachelys, a new side-necked turtle (Pelomedusoides: Bothremydidae) from the Early Cretaceous of Brazil. American Museum Novitates 3319: 1 - 20. https: // doi. org / dvbsbx" type="journal article" year="2001">Gaffney, Campos de Almeida & Hirayama, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF94FFF0FB925463F379FACC" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & CAMPOS DE ALMEIDA & HIRAYAMA R." box="[1148,1376,1363,1389]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref19811" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., CAMPOS DE ALMEIDA & HIRAYAMA R. 2001 a. - Cearachelys, a new side-necked turtle (Pelomedusoides: Bothremydidae) from the Early Cretaceous of Brazil. American Museum Novitates 3319: 1 - 20. https: // doi. org / dvbsbx" type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF94FFF0FB325464F30AFACC" box="[1244,1299,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2001a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]). It is likely that the anal notch was wide and short (doing a short and wide triangle).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF94FFF0FCA65483F20BFA4C" blockId="11.[811,1457,215,1517]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">The plastral plate length formula is: anterior lobe <bridge <posterior lobe length.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF94FFF0FCC35722F584F98D" blockId="11.[811,1457,1554,2028]" box="[813,925,1554,1580]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">
|
||
<heading id="D08981FEFF94FFF0FCC35722F584F98D" box="[813,925,1554,1580]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350" reason="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF94FFF0FCC35722F584F98D" box="[813,925,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Shell scutes</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF94FFF0FCC35703F266F88D" blockId="11.[811,1457,1554,2028]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">
|
||
An important part of the sulci is not preserved. Some are clearly visible, other are estimated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FBB25762F280F9CD" box="[1116,1177,1618,1644]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1985,2002]" captionTargetBox="[141,1449,1175,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-78@8.[132,1455,1156,1940]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.,n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3,from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:A, B, shell drawings, in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bars: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776722/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
[dotted lines]). When not visible, their lateral extremity on the border of the element is positioned by the corresponding small incurved border of the plates, and by the sulcus continuation on the inferior face of the plates: this is seen by the border of marginals on the peripheral plates and by the border of plastral scutes on the epi-hyoplastra (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FC3B5622F231F88D" box="[981,1064,1810,1836]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Figs 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FBDA5622F24CF88D" box="[1076,1109,1810,1836]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1985,2002]" captionTargetBox="[141,1449,1175,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-78@8.[132,1455,1156,1940]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.,n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3,from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:A, B, shell drawings, in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bars: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776722/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FB8F5622F276F88D" box="[1121,1135,1810,1836]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1018,1035]" captionTargetBox="[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetId="figure-621@10.[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: left anterior part of the shell in oblique posterolateral view showing the delimitation of marginals 2 and 3, and of plastral scutes by the indentation at the end of sulci border, and the ventral bulges of the scutes. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; 3d per, third peripheral. The arrows indicate ends of sulci at the border of the peripherals and anterior plastral lobe. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776728/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF94FFF0FCAD5601F3B4F84A" blockId="11.[811,1457,1554,2028]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">
|
||
The carapace (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FC375601F20FF8ED" box="[985,1046,1841,1868]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FBCC5602F229F8ED" box="[1058,1072,1842,1868]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1985,2002]" captionTargetBox="[141,1449,1175,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-78@8.[132,1455,1156,1940]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.,n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3,from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:A, B, shell drawings, in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bars: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776722/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">4</figureCitation>
|
||
) has long marginals 1 on the nuchal. These scutes are estimated as overlapping about the nuchal anterior mid-length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF94FFF0FBE35641F247F82D" box="[1037,1118,1905,1932]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1985,2002]" captionTargetBox="[141,1449,1175,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-78@8.[132,1455,1156,1940]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.,n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3,from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:A, B, shell drawings, in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bars: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776722/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1350">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsally, the sulci between the two marginals 1 and the vertebral 1, corresponding to the posterior borders of the marginals 1, are slightly concave. On the nuchal, the curve of the sulcus between the vertebral 1,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF93FFF7FF6A51E7F4E3FA4C" blockId="12.[130,777,215,2028]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">
|
||
and marginal 1 and the sulcus between the marginal 2 and the vertebral 1 on the peripheral 1 helps identifying the possible position of the missing sulcus between the marginals 1 and 2: this was close to the nuchal-peripheral 1 suture (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF93FFF7FD815007F4A5FEF0" box="[623,700,311,337]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1985,2002]" captionTargetBox="[141,1449,1175,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-78@8.[132,1455,1156,1940]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.,n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3,from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:A, B, shell drawings, in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bars: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776722/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
[dotted line left side]). Each marginal 1 had to be a rectangular scute and barely wider than long. The marginal 2 was wide, long medially but laterally shorter, from the indicated right curve on the peripheral 1. It was followed by a short marginal 3. The following marginal sulci are mostly missing but from the 7th marginal
|
||
<subScript id="17FA34D7FF93FFF7FEE95333F715FDB2" attach="left" box="[263,268,515,531]" fontSize="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">,</subScript>
|
||
on the peripherals 6 and 7, an overlap elongation is estimated, thanks to the preservation of parts of some sulci: as a whole, the marginal dorsal overlap seems to widen at the bridge and slightly narrow down after the bridge (from the peripherals 9 up to the pygal). This medioposterior marginal overlap is longer than that on the anterior peripherals. In conformity, ventrally, the marginals 8-9 sulcus, which is preserved on the left peripheral 8, shows that the ventral marginal overlap is wide at this bridge 8th peripheral, and then the ventral overlap is slightly reduced in length posteriorly. The anterior ventral carapace face indicates a short scute overlap and a rounded thick border (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF93FFF7FE2E5265F40DFCD1" box="[448,532,853,880]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">Figs 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF93FFF7FDCE5265F437FCCE" box="[544,558,853,879]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1018,1035]" captionTargetBox="[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetId="figure-621@10.[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: left anterior part of the shell in oblique posterolateral view showing the delimitation of marginals 2 and 3, and of plastral scutes by the indentation at the end of sulci border, and the ventral bulges of the scutes. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; 3d per, third peripheral. The arrows indicate ends of sulci at the border of the peripherals and anterior plastral lobe. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776728/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The ventral scuteskin boundary is marked: anteriorly to the bridge by a thin groove along a low bulge, and posteriorly to the bridge by a protruding rounded half-bulge.The vertebral 1 was wider than the nuchal (thanks to the preserved beginning of the sulcus on the right peripheral 1), the second (its right border being preserved) and third are estimated as equally wide or barely wider than the first, and the fourth seems to be posteriorly narrowed and in contact with the fifth vertebral on the costals 8. If the vertebrals are correctly reconstituted, the longer vertebral is the 4
|
||
<superScript id="7C0B9BDAFF93FFF7FEDB55A5F75CFB07" attach="right" box="[309,325,1173,1190]" fontSize="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">th</superScript>
|
||
, as long as wide, while the 1
|
||
<superScript id="7C0B9BDAFF93FFF7FD9A55A6F499FB07" attach="none" box="[628,640,1174,1190]" fontSize="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">st</superScript>
|
||
, the 2
|
||
<superScript id="7C0B9BDAFF93FFF7FD2A55A5F4C1FB07" attach="left" box="[708,728,1173,1190]" fontSize="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">nd</superScript>
|
||
and 3
|
||
<superScript id="7C0B9BDAFF93FFF7FF7C5585F6BBFB67" attach="left" box="[146,162,1205,1222]" fontSize="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">rd</superScript>
|
||
are wider than long. By the preserved parts of sulci, the vertebrals 1 to 4 seem to be as wide all along, and they are not narrowed at their mutual contact, contrarily to the 4th at its contact with the 5th. From the width of the posterior costals and their contact with the peripherals, it seems the vertebral 5 was posteriorly wider, on the peripheral 10, wider than the other vertebrals. Because of the shorter marginals 2 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B77FF93FFF7FF5D54A3F6C4FA0C" box="[179,221,1427,1453]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF93FFF7FF0A54A3F784FA0C" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[228,413,1427,1453]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF93FFF7FF0A54A3F784FA0C" box="[228,413,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF93FFF7FE4A54A4F42EFA0F" box="[420,567,1428,1454]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, the pleural scute 1 was the longest of the series and more than in many derived forms, those which also have an elongated anterior border.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF01661AFF93FFF7FCC05332F3A8FDF6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776730" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5776730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776730/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" startId="12.[814,824,514,531]" targetBox="[869,1398,215,471]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF93FFF7FCC05332F3A8FDF6" blockId="12.[813,1457,514,599]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">
|
||
FIG. 7. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF93FFF7FC955332F201FDB2" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[891,1048,514,531]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF93FFF7FC955332F201FDB2" box="[891,1048,514,531]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF93FFF7FBF55332F289FDB2" box="[1051,1168,514,531]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan. Medioanterior part of the shell,the nuchal being removed,showing a part of the dorsal face of the anterior lobe with the sulci limiting the overlapping scales. Scale bar:5 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF93FFF7FF7554C3F280F90D" blockId="12.[130,777,215,2028]" lastBlockId="12.[811,1457,662,1804]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">
|
||
The plastral scute sulci are mostly preserved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF93FFF7FD8954C3F4AFF9AC" box="[615,694,1523,1549]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">Figs 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF93FFF7FD5154C3F4F9F9AC" box="[703,736,1523,1549]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1985,2002]" captionTargetBox="[141,1449,1175,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-78@8.[132,1455,1156,1940]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.,n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3,from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:A, B, shell drawings, in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bars: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776722/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF93FFF7FD0754C3F4EEF9AC" box="[745,759,1523,1549]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1018,1035]" captionTargetBox="[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetId="figure-621@10.[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: left anterior part of the shell in oblique posterolateral view showing the delimitation of marginals 2 and 3, and of plastral scutes by the indentation at the end of sulci border, and the ventral bulges of the scutes. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; 3d per, third peripheral. The arrows indicate ends of sulci at the border of the peripherals and anterior plastral lobe. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776728/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The anterior lobe scute pattern of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF93FFF7FDEE5723F457F98D" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[512,590,1555,1581]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF93FFF7FDEE5723F457F98D" box="[512,590,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF93FFF7FDB85723F4F7F98C" box="[598,750,1555,1581]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is estimated as a derived complex of scute arrangement. It is found in several taxa of several different podocnemidoid groups, but the details in the sulci outlines and scute proportions are different in each species, genus or group, and in particular in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF93FFF7FEE15782F742F96D" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[271,347,1714,1740]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF93FFF7FEE15782F742F96D" box="[271,347,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF93FFF7FE8C5783F7EEF96C" box="[354,503,1715,1741]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
: this derived “generalized anterior lobe scute pattern” is the intergular, which is wide and long, fully separates the short gulars and humerals, and widely reaches the pectorals. The particularities are here: 1) the position of the humeropectoral sulcus on the hyoplastron; 2) this close but posterior to the epi-hyoplastral suture; and 3) except reaching the lateral extremity of the suture on the left side. It is transversally positioned, following medially (intergular-pectoral sulcus part) to cross the entoplastron in the same direction, slightly posteriorly to the mid-length of the plate; its direction is transverse as a whole and it is not incurved in a V medially on the entoplastron, contrarily to some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF93FFF7FC8553E5F211FD4E" authorityName="sensu Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli" authorityYear="2020" box="[875,1032,725,751]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF93FFF7FB9253E5F357FD4E" baseAuthorityName="Leidy" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1148,1358,725,751]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF93FFF7FB9253E5F357FD4E" box="[1148,1358,725,751]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">Taphrosphys sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF93FFF7FA9253E6F573FCAE" author="HAY O. P." pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" pagination="1 - 568" refId="ref20577" refString="HAY O. P. 1908. - The FossilTurtles of North America. Publications of the Carnegie Institution 75: 1 - 568. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12500" type="journal article" year="1908">Hay, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF93FFF7FC4053C6F23DFCB1" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="1953" box="[942,1060,758,784]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF93FFF7FC4053C6F23DFCB1" box="[942,1060,758,784]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">Carteremys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group and “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF93FFF7FB5D53C6F330FCB1" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="1953" box="[1203,1321,758,784]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF93FFF7FB5D53C6F330FCB1" box="[1203,1321,758,784]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">Carteremys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF93FFF7FAD053C5F3B6FCAE" box="[1342,1455,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">pisdurensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF93FFF7FCC35225F582FC8E" author="JAIN S. L." box="[813,923,789,815]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" pagination="360 - 365" refId="ref20616" refString="JAIN S. L. 1977. - A new fossil Pelomedusid Turtle from the Upper Cretaceous Pisdura sediments, Central India. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 20: 360 - 365." type="journal article" year="1977">Jain, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF93FFF7FC2B5225F234FC8E" author="JAIN S. L." box="[965,1069,789,815]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" pagination="63 - 75" refId="ref20652" refString="JAIN S. L. 1986. - New Pelomedusid turtle (Pleurodira: Chelonia) remains from Lameta Formation (Maastrichtian) at Dongargaon, Central India, and a review of Pelomedusids from India. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 31: 63 - 75." type="journal article" year="1986">Jain 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF93FFF7FBAB5226F57AFCEE" author="LAPPARENT DE BROIN & F. DE & GUNTUPALLI & V. R. PRASAD" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" pagination="123 - 180" refId="ref21102" refString="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD 2020. - Chelonian Pelomedusoides remains from the Late Cretaceous of Upparhatti (Southwestern India): Systematics and Palaeobiogeographical implications, in GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD (ed.), Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer Science & Business Media Publishers: 123 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 030 - 49753 - 8 _ 7" type="book chapter" year="2020">Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF93FFF7FC4A5205F5E7FCEE" box="[932,1022,821,847]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Elochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF93FFF7FC4A5205F5E7FCEE" box="[932,1022,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">Elochelys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF93FFF7FBDC5206F2D5FCEE" author="NOPCSA F." box="[1074,1228,821,848]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" pagination="223 - 235" refId="ref21652" refString="NOPCSA F. 1931 b. - Sur des nouveaux restes de Tortues du Danien du Midi de la France. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France S. 5, 3 - 4: 223 - 235." type="journal article" year="1931">Nopcsa 1931b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF93FFF7FB365205F3B9FCEE" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." box="[1240,1440,821,847]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF93FFF7FADC5206F37AFCEE" box="[1330,1379,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); it is not laterally posteriorly directed towards the hyoplastral border contrarily to “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF93FFF7FBFA5245F29FFC2E" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="1953" box="[1044,1158,885,911]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF93FFF7FBFA5245F29FFC2E" box="[1044,1158,885,911]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">Carteremys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF93FFF7FB745245F311FC2E" box="[1178,1288,885,911]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">pisdurensis</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF93FFF7FAC35245F3B3FC2E" author="JAIN S. L." box="[1325,1450,885,911]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" pagination="63 - 75" refId="ref20652" refString="JAIN S. L. 1986. - New Pelomedusid turtle (Pleurodira: Chelonia) remains from Lameta Formation (Maastrichtian) at Dongargaon, Central India, and a review of Pelomedusids from India. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 31: 63 - 75." type="journal article" year="1986">Jain (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF93FFF7FCC352A5F5FAFC0E" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[813,995,917,943]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF93FFF7FCC352A5F5FAFC0E" box="[813,995,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF93FFF7FC0652A5F26DFC0E" box="[1000,1140,917,943]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
characteristic gular-intergular pattern is: 1) the intergular is notably large; its precise borders are not well visible but its posterior width is estimated at its medial spring from the pectorals on the anterior two/thirds of the entoplastron; it is wider than each gular; it appears as wide all along the entoplastron, with possible parallel or nearly parallel lateral borders, but it becomes slightly wider between each gular on the epiplastra; and 2) each gular is shorter, and nearly reaches or not (at least on left side) the epientoplastral suture. The border extremities of the scutes is visible. This is seen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF93FFF7FC8555E4F5B2FB4F" box="[875,939,1236,1262]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF93FFF7FC5455E4F5D1FB4F" box="[954,968,1236,1262]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1018,1035]" captionTargetBox="[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetId="figure-621@10.[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: left anterior part of the shell in oblique posterolateral view showing the delimitation of marginals 2 and 3, and of plastral scutes by the indentation at the end of sulci border, and the ventral bulges of the scutes. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; 3d per, third peripheral. The arrows indicate ends of sulci at the border of the peripherals and anterior plastral lobe. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776728/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">6</figureCitation>
|
||
) at the incurved end of the intergular, gulars and humerals with their rounded border and by their ventral surface, which is slightly, individually, ventrally protruding (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF93FFF7FCD85403F56BFAEC" box="[822,882,1331,1357]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1018,1035]" captionTargetBox="[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetId="figure-621@10.[416,1172,215,977]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: left anterior part of the shell in oblique posterolateral view showing the delimitation of marginals 2 and 3, and of plastral scutes by the indentation at the end of sulci border, and the ventral bulges of the scutes. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; 3d per, third peripheral. The arrows indicate ends of sulci at the border of the peripherals and anterior plastral lobe. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776728/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The short plastral anterior scute overlap is visible on the dorsal face of the anterior lobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF93FFF7FB745463F2CCFACF" box="[1178,1237,1363,1390]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[814,824,514,531]" captionTargetBox="[869,1398,215,471]" captionTargetId="figure-1087@12.[869,1398,215,471]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 7. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan. Medioanterior part of the shell,the nuchal being removed,showing a part of the dorsal face of the anterior lobe with the sulci limiting the overlapping scales. Scale bar:5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776730/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). The posterior scute sulci are mostly visible. They are completed by symmetry on the
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF93FFF7FCBA54A3F5A7FA0F" box="[852,958,1427,1454]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1985,2002]" captionTargetBox="[141,1449,1175,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-78@8.[132,1455,1156,1940]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.,n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3,from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:A, B, shell drawings, in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bars: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776722/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">Figure 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
. The pectoroabdominal sulcus is a little convex, positioned just anterior to the mesoplastra and reaching it, as seen on the left side. The abdominofemoral sulcus is also convex and its lateral left end indicates the bottom of the inguinal notch. The femoroanal sulcus is positioned on the xiphiplastron nearly parallel to the hypo-xiphiplastral suture, and it seems to be at mid distance from this suture and from the possible xiphiplastral extremity, if not slightly closer to the suture than to the anal notch.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF93FFF7FCAD5782F2A4F8AD" blockId="12.[811,1457,662,1804]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">The plastral scute length-formula is (medially except mediolaterally for humerals): femorals> pectorals> anals> abdominals = intergular> humerals> gulars.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF93FFF7FCC35601F268F8ED" blockId="12.[813,1137,1841,1868]" box="[813,1137,1841,1868]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">
|
||
<heading id="D08981FEFF93FFF7FCC35601F268F8ED" box="[813,1137,1841,1868]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351" reason="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF93FFF7FCC35601F268F8ED" box="[813,1137,1841,1868]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">
|
||
Shell ornamentation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF93FFF7FBE05602F255F8ED" box="[1038,1100,1842,1868]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1193,1210]" captionTargetBox="[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetId="figure-464@14.[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 8. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan. A-D, decoration in various parts of the shell: A, isolated piece with the imprint of the mesoplastral external surface; B, marginal part of peripheral 10, dorsal view; C, left costal 1 part, posterior border at mid-width, dorsal view; D, a costal lateral border, in dorsal view; E, right hyoplastral part, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776732/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF93FFF7FBB45602F271F8ED" box="[1114,1128,1842,1868]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">9</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF93FFF7FCC35661F3A8F84A" blockId="12.[811,1457,1873,2028]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">
|
||
The whole shell surface is relatively damaged. As the turtle is very large, the general view does not show the surface details, so that we enlarged several small decorated parts representing the variability (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF93FFF7FC3B5681F20EF86A" box="[981,1047,1969,1995]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1193,1210]" captionTargetBox="[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetId="figure-464@14.[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 8. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan. A-D, decoration in various parts of the shell: A, isolated piece with the imprint of the mesoplastral external surface; B, marginal part of peripheral 10, dorsal view; C, left costal 1 part, posterior border at mid-width, dorsal view; D, a costal lateral border, in dorsal view; E, right hyoplastral part, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776732/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF93FFF7FBC85681F22DF86A" box="[1062,1076,1969,1995]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">9</figureCitation>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BAF870FF93FFF7FBDA5681F279F86A" box="[1076,1120,1969,1995]" country="Serbia" name="Ada" pageId="12" pageNumber="1351">AD</collectingRegion>
|
||
). The shell was decorated by a net of meeting sulci delimiting irregular polygons, variable
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF92FFF6FF6A51E7F741FBAF" blockId="13.[131,777,215,1038]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">
|
||
in shape and proportions according to the position on the plates but relatively large on the whole, and protruded, i.e. much raised on the surface of the carapace and in relation to the sulci between the polygons. They are often damaged, their external surface being eroded, so that the complete depth of their protrusion (above the general surface) is not everywhere preserved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF92FFF6FE9950A6F7F3FE10" box="[375,490,406,433]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1193,1210]" captionTargetBox="[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetId="figure-464@14.[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 8. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan. A-D, decoration in various parts of the shell: A, isolated piece with the imprint of the mesoplastral external surface; B, marginal part of peripheral 10, dorsal view; C, left costal 1 part, posterior border at mid-width, dorsal view; D, a costal lateral border, in dorsal view; E, right hyoplastral part, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776732/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Fig. 8B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Some of the figures show imprints of the external surface in the matrix (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF92FFF6FD9A5086F4D1FE70" box="[628,712,438,465]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1193,1210]" captionTargetBox="[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetId="figure-464@14.[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 8. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan. A-D, decoration in various parts of the shell: A, isolated piece with the imprint of the mesoplastral external surface; B, marginal part of peripheral 10, dorsal view; C, left costal 1 part, posterior border at mid-width, dorsal view; D, a costal lateral border, in dorsal view; E, right hyoplastral part, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776732/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Figs 8A</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF92FFF6FD3D5087F4E0FE70" box="[723,761,439,465]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">9D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The polygons are either as wide as long or longer than wide. There are also places of short dichotomic sulci which are not united in polygons, and represent a usual basic decoration in aquatic turtles, but the elements have here a relatively marked length. In the right hyoplastron (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF92FFF6FDAC5366F48CFDD1" box="[578,661,598,624]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1193,1210]" captionTargetBox="[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetId="figure-464@14.[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 8. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan. A-D, decoration in various parts of the shell: A, isolated piece with the imprint of the mesoplastral external surface; B, marginal part of peripheral 10, dorsal view; C, left costal 1 part, posterior border at mid-width, dorsal view; D, a costal lateral border, in dorsal view; E, right hyoplastral part, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776732/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
|
||
), there are short sulci, not united in a net, which follow the lines of the growing radiation of the pectoral scute (from the radiation center, situated towards the axillary buttress) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF92FFF6FD945385F4D4FD71" box="[634,717,693,720]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
). On the whole, on the external surfaces, the raised polygons are not regular and well delimited, and not as much protruding as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FF2F5225F429FC91" authority="(Leidy, 1856)" baseAuthorityName="Leidy" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[193,560,789,816]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FF2F5225F78AFC8E" box="[193,403,789,815]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Taphrosphys sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF92FFF6FE4B5225F43FFC91" author="LEIDY J." box="[421,550,789,816]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" pagination="303 - 304" refId="ref21246" refString="LEIDY J. 1856. - Notices of remains of extinct turtles of New Jersey, collected by Prof. Cook, of the State Geological Survey, under the direction of Dr. W. Kitchell. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 8: 303 - 304. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 1935359" type="journal article" year="1856">Leidy, 1856</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58830FF92FFF6FD875226F48EFC91" box="[617,663,790,816]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of the genus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF92FFF6FF125205F723FCEE" box="[252,314,821,847]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
E-G). However, the less eroded part of the inner border of the peripherals 2 and 3 show smaller and well-delimited polygons 1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF92FFF6FE425245F7E7FC2E" box="[428,510,885,911]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
|
||
), and there are also such polygons on the suprapygal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF92FFF6FE5952A5F411FC0E" box="[439,520,917,943]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
|
||
), which are rather more similar to those of
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FEA05285F7DBFC6E" box="[334,450,949,975]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FEA05285F7A7FC6E" baseAuthorityName="Leidy" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[334,446,949,975]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">T. sulcatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
But they do not constitute an as well constituted net of granulations protruding on the whole shell surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF92FFF6FF6A5504F706FBEC" blockId="13.[130,777,1076,2028]" box="[132,287,1076,1102]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">COMPARISONS</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF92FFF6FF6A5564F7FEFB2F" blockId="13.[130,777,1076,2028]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FF6A5564F416FBCF" box="[132,527,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">General comparisons of the carapace of</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FDF85564F4C7FBCF" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[534,734,1108,1134]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">Sindhochelys ragei</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FF6A5545F7FEFB2F" box="[132,487,1140,1166]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF92FFF6FF6A5545F716FB2F" box="[132,271,1141,1166]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FEA25544F7FEFB2F" authorityName="BAUR" authorityYear="1891" box="[332,487,1140,1166]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Bothremydidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF92FFF6FF6A55A4F779F9ED" blockId="13.[130,777,1076,2028]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">
|
||
The carapace of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FEDF55A4F7F3FB0F" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[305,490,1172,1198]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FEDF55A4F7F3FB0F" box="[305,490,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF92FFF6FE1F55A4F49AFB0F" box="[497,643,1172,1198]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs from that of other bothremydids in a combination of unique features: 1) it has no parallel lateral borders in its middle part; 2) it is rounded as in various other bothremydids but differently by the position of its largest width at peripherals 6-7 sutures and not posteriorly; 3) together with an anterior rounded border anterior to this line; border that was straight just at nuchal border and probably the medial part of the peripheral 1, but not making a medially protruding carapace at nuchal area; and 4) and together with the slightly pointed in V posterior border. All that makes the carapace neither rectangular nor ovoid. It is distinct from the more rectangular to ovoid shape with long parallel median lateral borders of various other bothremydid forms.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF92FFF6FF755763F3A9FB4F" blockId="13.[130,777,1076,2028]" lastBlockId="13.[811,1461,215,2028]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">
|
||
However, some features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FE5C5763F7E4F9CD" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[434,509,1619,1645]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FE5C5763F7E4F9CD" box="[434,509,1619,1645]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF92FFF6FDED5763F489F9CC" box="[515,656,1619,1645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
are distributed in mosaic in various bothremydid species.The shape of the carapace of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FEC557A2F76FF90D" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[299,374,1682,1708]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FEC557A2F76FF90D" box="[299,374,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF92FFF6FE9357A3F417F90C" box="[381,526,1683,1709]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
shows similarities with the rounded shell of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58830FF92FFF6FE655782F7F3F96D" box="[395,490,1714,1740]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of the bothremydine
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FD3A5782F51EF94D" authority="(Schmidt, 1940) (Gaffney & Zangerl 1968)" authorityName="Gaffney & Zangerl" authorityYear="1968" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1940" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Chedighaii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barberi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FD3A5782F739F94D" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Chedighaii barberi</emphasis>
|
||
(Schmidt, 1940) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF92FFF6FE0057E2F4E7F94D" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & ZANGERL R." box="[494,766,1746,1772]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" pagination="93 - 239" refId="ref19761" refString="GAFFNEY E. S. & ZANGERL R. 1968. - A Revision of the Chelonian Genus Bothremys (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae). Fieldiana Geology l 6 (7): l 93 - 239. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 4254119" type="journal article" year="1968">Gaffney & Zangerl 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the late Cretaceous (Campanian) of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BAF870FF92FFF6FDA557C2F4B2F8AD" box="[587,683,1778,1804]" country="United States of America" name="Arkansas" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Arkansas</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF92FFF6FD5757C2F6D0F88D" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
); in this form, the lateral profile shows a moderate height and much oblique bridges (Schmidt 1940: figs 3 and 4) as, for example, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FE6D5662F7E8F8CA" authorityName="Perez-Garcia" authorityYear="2019" box="[387,497,1874,1899]" class="Reptilia" genus="Francemys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FE6D5662F7E8F8CA" box="[387,497,1874,1899]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Francemys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(from Gadoufaoua) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FF685641F442F82D" authority="Bergounioux, 1952" authorityName="Bergounioux" authorityYear="1952" box="[134,603,1905,1932]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Eusarkia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotundiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FF685641F765F82A" box="[134,380,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Eusarkia rotundiformis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF92FFF6FE6A5641F442F82D" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[388,603,1905,1932]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" pagination="377 - 396" refId="ref18794" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1952. - Les Cheloniens fossiles de Gafsa, in ARAMBOURG C. & SIGNEUX J., Les Vertebres fossiles des gisements de Phosphates (Maroc-Algerie-Tunisie). Notes et Memoires du Service geologique du Maroc 92, appendix: 377 - 396." type="journal article" year="1952">Bergounioux, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
– “
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FD695641F51EF82A" box="[647,775,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FD695641F4E7F82A" authorityName="Stefano" authorityYear="1903" box="[647,766,1905,1931]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Gafsachelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gafsachelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
group (a Tunisian Ypresian taphrosphyine); such relatively high inclined bridges were probably present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FD875681F4ABF86A" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[617,690,1969,1995]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FD875681F4ABF86A" box="[617,690,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF92FFF6FD575682F6A2F84D" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
because of the wide bridge processes and the large width of the shell, making it it rather low (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF92FFF6FB5451E7F2E1FF50" box="[1210,1272,215,241]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[132,143,1527,1544]" captionTargetBox="[342,1245,216,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-312@7.[340,885,759,1304]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 2. — Turtle shell, CPAG-RANKT-V-3, holotype of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., in situ, during and after excavation at the locality K18-12: A, carapace in posterior view; A1, close-up of a lateral border showing the presence of a venerid bivalve in life position inside the carapace; B, carapace in dorsal view after excavation and split into three blocks. Scale bar: 30 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776717/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
); but its inclination angle also exists in other wide bothremydids shells. The bothremydine species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FBCC5027F284FE90" authorityName="Gaffney & Zangerl" authorityYear="1968" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[1058,1181,279,305]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Chedighaii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barberi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FBCC5027F284FE90" box="[1058,1181,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Ch. barberi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also figured under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FC9F5007F319FEF0" authority="Zangerl, 1948" authorityName="Zangerl" authorityYear="1948" box="[881,1280,311,337]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alabamae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FC9F5007F241FEF0" box="[881,1112,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Podocnemis alabamae</emphasis>
|
||
Zangerl, 1948
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Zangerl 1948: fig. 4.1) (Campanian) (a junior synonym, see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF92FFF6FAF15067F57CFE30" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FA925068F3A9FED0" box="[1404,1456,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), by a specimen which differs in a slight intraspecific variability in width, usual in turtles: some individuals are slightly wider than others, thus appearing shorter, which is an intraspecific difference known as sexual dimorphism in living forms. Both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FC1950C6F276FDB1" authorityName="Gaffney & Zangerl" authorityYear="1968" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[1015,1135,502,528]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Chedighaii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barberi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FC1950C6F276FDB1" box="[1015,1135,502,528]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Ch. barberi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens are large individuals (maximal lengths between 58.2 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B77FF92FFF6FB335326F33EFD90" box="[1245,1319,534,561]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" unit="cm" value="65.0">65 cm</quantity>
|
||
). But in this species, the widest margin is at the peripheral 7 (posterior to the suture 6-7) and the anterior peripherals and nuchal are less elongated and wide. Beside this difference,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FA8C5346F3A8FD31" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1378,1457,630,656]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FA8C5346F3A8FD31" box="[1378,1457,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF92FFF6FCC353A6F5A6FD11" box="[813,959,662,688]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs in the less medially inclined borders of peripherals 2 and 3, an anterolaterally wider costal 1 and a longer costal 1 + neural 1 + nuchal part; probably it differs also in the absence of a nuchal notch, on a nuchal that is narrower for its length and anteriorly relatively wider in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FA755226F546FCEE" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FA755226F546FCEE" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF92FFF6FC885206F5E2FCF1" box="[870,1019,822,848]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FBED5205F2A4FCEE" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1027,1213,821,847]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FBED5205F2A4FCEE" box="[1027,1213,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF92FFF6FB2A5206F343FCF1" box="[1220,1370,822,848]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has lateral borders of plastral lobes less oblique; the anterior lobe is relatively slightly shorter and anteriorly wider, being more trapezoidal with lateral borders less converging anteriorly, and the posterior lobe is less wide: all that is seen when the carapaces are adjusted in width and length and superposed. The shell of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FC9752C4F5E9FBAF" authorityName="Gaffney & Zangerl" authorityYear="1968" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[889,1008,1012,1038]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Chedighaii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barberi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FC9752C4F5E9FBAF" box="[889,1008,1012,1038]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Ch. barberi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(from these
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D78FD1BFF92FFF6FB9F52C5F312FBAE" box="[1137,1291,1012,1039]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
) is more similar to that of another bothremydine,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FB4E5525F5F9FBEF" authority="Carrington Da Costa, 1940" authorityName="Carrington Da Costa" authorityYear="1940" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Rosasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="soutoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FB4E5525F336FB8F" box="[1184,1327,1045,1070]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Rosasia soutoi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF92FFF6FAD85524F5F9FBEF" author="CARRINGTON DA COSTA J." pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" pagination="107 - 125" refId="ref19289" refString="CARRINGTON DA COSTA J. 1940. - Um novo Quelonio fossil. Comunicacaos dos Servicos Geologicos de Portugal 21: 107 - 125." type="journal article" year="1940">Carrington Da Costa, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the late Cretaceous (Campanian) of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF92FFF6FCC05564F590FBCF" box="[814,905,1108,1134]" name="Portugal" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Portugal</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF92FFF6FC7B5564F292FBCF" author="ANTUNES M. T. & BROIN F. DE" box="[917,1163,1108,1134]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" pagination="153 - 200" refId="ref18504" refString="ANTUNES M. T. & BROIN F. DE 1988. - Le Cretace terminal de Beira Litoral, Portugal: remarques stratigraphiques et ecologiques; etude complementaire de Rosasia soutoi (Chelonii, Bothremydidae). Ciencias da Terra (Universidade Nova de Lisboa) 9: 153 - 200." type="journal article" year="1988">Antunes & Broin 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), sharing a shorter carapace anterior part than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FBFC5544F246FB2F" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1042,1119,1140,1166]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FBFC5544F246FB2F" box="[1042,1119,1140,1166]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF92FFF6FB885545F2E4FB2E" box="[1126,1277,1141,1167]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, and an anterior border with a notched and anteriorly narrower nuchal; the carapace of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FC405585F210FB6F" authorityName="Carrington Da Costa" authorityYear="1940" box="[942,1033,1205,1230]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Rosasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="soutoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FC405585F210FB6F" box="[942,1033,1205,1230]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">R. soutoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more regularly rounded than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FA645584F561FB4F" authorityName="Gaffney & Zangerl" authorityYear="1968" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1940" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Chedighaii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barberi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FA645584F561FB4F" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Ch. barberi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with a short median length of parallel lateral borders.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF92FFF6FCAF55C4F209F80A" blockId="13.[811,1461,215,2028]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">
|
||
By its large size and Paleocene age, the carapace of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FA9655C3F5AEFA8C" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FA9655C3F5AEFA8C" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF92FFF6FC515424F24AFA8F" box="[959,1107,1300,1326]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can be compared with the large carapace of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FC5F5404F20CFACC" authority="Cadena, Ksepka, Jaramillo & Bloch, 2012" authorityName="Cadena, Ksepka, Jaramillo & Bloch" authorityYear="2012" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Puentemys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mushaisaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FC5F5404F2ACFAEC" box="[945,1205,1331,1357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Puentemys mushaisaensis</emphasis>
|
||
Cadena, Ksepka, Jaramillo & Bloch, 2012
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the Paleocene Cerrejón Formation (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF92FFF6FC8B5443F5CDFA2F" box="[869,980,1395,1422]" name="Colombia" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
) (maximal carapace length:
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B77FF92FFF6FB155443F356FA2F" box="[1275,1359,1395,1422]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.18" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" unit="cm" value="118.0">118 cm</quantity>
|
||
). But the latter has differently inclined borders of peripherals 2 and 3, because of an overall medially elongated and protruding nuchal part, giving a more elongate and more oval anterior carapace. This shape differs from what is observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FAB854C3F3B7F9AD" authorityName="Carrington Da Costa" authorityYear="1940" box="[1366,1454,1523,1548]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Rosasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="soutoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FAB854C3F3B7F9AD" box="[1366,1454,1523,1548]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">R. soutoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FCB45722F264F98C" authority="(Bothremydini)" authorityName="Gaffney & Zangerl" authorityYear="1968" baseAuthorityName="Bothremydini" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[858,1149,1554,1581]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Chedighaii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barberi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FCB45722F5C8F98D" box="[858,977,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Ch. barberi</emphasis>
|
||
(Bothremydini)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FB5C5723F2E5F98D" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1202,1276,1555,1581]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FB5C5723F2E5F98D" box="[1202,1276,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF92FFF6FAEF5723F388F98C" box="[1281,1425,1555,1581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, as well as from that of
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FBEF5702F267F9ED" box="[1025,1150,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Foxemydina</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF92FFF6FB6B5702F34BF9ED" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." box="[1157,1362,1586,1612]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FB0F5703F30DF9ED" box="[1249,1300,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; this is a late Cretaceous European infratribe in which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FAF75763F39CF9CD" box="[1305,1413,1619,1644]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Puentemys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FAF75763F39CF9CD" box="[1305,1413,1619,1644]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Puentemys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been included by Cadena
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FBA95743F262F92D" box="[1095,1147,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2012).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FB375743F37EF92D" authorityName="Carrington Da Costa" authorityYear="1940" box="[1241,1383,1651,1676]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Rosasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="soutoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FB375743F37EF92D" box="[1241,1383,1651,1676]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Rosasia soutoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FA705743F5A3F90D" authorityName="Cadena, Ksepka, Jaramillo & Bloch" authorityYear="2012" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Puentemys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mushaisaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FA705743F5A3F90D" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">P. mushaisaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have 7 neurals as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FB7857A2F2FBF90D" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1174,1250,1682,1708]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FB7857A2F2FBF90D" box="[1174,1250,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF92FFF6FB0757A3F32CF90C" box="[1257,1333,1683,1709]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, n. sp.. But in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FCA45783F5E8F96D" authorityName="Cadena, Ksepka, Jaramillo & Bloch" authorityYear="2012" box="[842,1009,1714,1740]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Puentemys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mushaisaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FCA45783F5E8F96D" box="[842,1009,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">P. mushaisaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, these neurals are much wider, as such is also the vertebral 1 anteriorly, which reaches the peripherals 2. Besides, the plastral lobes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FB8457C3F315F8AD" authorityName="Cadena, Ksepka, Jaramillo & Bloch" authorityYear="2012" box="[1130,1292,1778,1804]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Puentemys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mushaisaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FB8457C3F315F8AD" box="[1130,1292,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">P. mushaisaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are particularly distinctive. Its anterior lobe is relatively longer and anteriorly narrower (in agreement with the dorsal carapace border), whereas the posterior lobe is wider and much more rounded, filling the opening space of the posterior carapace including the inguinal notches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF92FFF4FCAD5681F7DFFDB1" blockId="13.[811,1461,215,2028]" lastBlockId="15.[131,776,215,529]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="1354" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">
|
||
The bothremydines
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FBFE5682F244F86A" box="[1040,1117,1970,1995]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Rosasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="souto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FBFE5682F244F86A" box="[1040,1117,1970,1995]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">R. souto</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
i,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FB815681F2F8F86A" authorityName="Gaffney & Zangerl" authorityYear="1968" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[1135,1249,1969,1995]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Chedighaii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barberi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FB815681F2F8F86A" box="[1135,1249,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Ch. barberi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FAFE5682F3B4F86A" authorityName="Cadena, Ksepka, Jaramillo & Bloch" authorityYear="2012" box="[1296,1453,1969,1995]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Puentemys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mushaisaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FAFE5682F3B4F86A" box="[1296,1453,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">P.mushaisaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
surely do not belong to the group of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF92FFF6FB2556E1F357F84A" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1227,1358,2001,2027]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF92FFF6FB2556E1F357F84A" box="[1227,1358,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1352">Sindhochelys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because, beside their own derived particularities, they differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FD1D5404F6AFFACC" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FD1D5404F6AFFACC" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF91FFF5FF525464F752FACF" box="[188,331,1364,1390]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in primitive features, which are also present in many other bothremydids (features which are derived in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FF4C54A3F6E9FA0C" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[162,240,1427,1453]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FF4C54A3F6E9FA0C" box="[162,240,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF91FFF5FF1654A4F788FA0F" box="[248,401,1428,1454]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
): 1) the primitive plastral anterior scute pattern with an intergular separating the smaller gulars, longer than them but not reaching the pectorals, so that the humerals meet medially; 2) the absence of any well marked polygonal ornamentation.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FE705722F479F98D" authorityName="Gaffney & Zangerl" authorityYear="1968" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[414,608,1554,1580]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Chedighaii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barberi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FE705722F479F98D" box="[414,608,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">Chedighaii barberi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ornamentation is described thus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF91FFF5FEA15702F43FF9ED" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." box="[335,550,1586,1612]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FE405703F7FCF9ED" box="[430,485,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
): “Shell surface texture is the ‘‘pelomedusoid’’ pattern (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF91FFF5FDE25762F48CF9CD" author="BROIN F. DE" box="[524,661,1618,1644]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" refId="ref18982" refString="BROIN F. DE 1977. - Contribution a l'etude des Cheloniens. Cheloniens continentaux du Cretace et du Tertiaire de France. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 366 p. (Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, ser. C, Sciences de la Terre; Vol. 38). https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 58317560" type="book" year="1977">Broin, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)” (p. 551) “consisting of fine forking and irregular vascular grooves” (p. 548), i.e. the basic decoration seen in aquatic forms.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FF685783F701F96D" authorityName="Carrington Da Costa" authorityYear="1940" box="[134,280,1715,1740]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Rosasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="soutoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FF685783F701F96D" box="[134,280,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">Rosasia soutoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also presents a basic decoration (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF91FFF5FD625782F73AF94D" author="CARRINGTON DA COSTA J." pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" pagination="107 - 125" refId="ref19289" refString="CARRINGTON DA COSTA J. 1940. - Um novo Quelonio fossil. Comunicacaos dos Servicos Geologicos de Portugal 21: 107 - 125." type="journal article" year="1940">Carrington da Costa 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 2). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FE4F57E3F450F94D" authorityName="Cadena, Ksepka, Jaramillo & Bloch" authorityYear="2012" box="[417,585,1746,1772]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Puentemys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mushaisaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FE4F57E3F450F94D" box="[417,585,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">P. mushaisaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: “The carapace is smooth, lacking decoration on the surface in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58830FF91FFF5FD4957C2F51EF8AD" box="[679,775,1778,1804]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and all referred specimens” (Cadena
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FDE85622F421F88D" box="[518,568,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012: 691). All the other species presenting together the basic decoration (more or less marked) – or lacking any description and figure of the decoration – and a primitive plastral scute pattern, have a more different contour of carapace and plastron, even if many other details may be similar and distributed in mosaic in others, such as the elongation degree of the anterior cara- pace border, for example. Some specimens of a species have a more marked decoration than others, such as the specimen from the Cenomanian of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF91FFF5FBD35443F280FA2C" box="[1085,1177,1395,1421]" name="Portugal" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">Portugal</collectingCountry>
|
||
attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FAC15443F271FA0C" authority="Perez-Garcia, 2016" authorityName="Perez-Garcia" authorityYear="2016" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Algorachelus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peregrinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FAC15443F58FFA0C" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">Algorachelus peregrinus</emphasis>
|
||
Pérez-García, 2016
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Pérez-García
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FAF554A4F354FA0C" box="[1307,1357,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2017a): such a decoration is not visible in the figured type series specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FC2854E3F332FA4C" authority="Perez-Garcia, 2016" authorityName="Perez-Garcia" authorityYear="2016" box="[966,1323,1491,1517]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Algorachelus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peregrinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FC2854E3F248FA4C" box="[966,1105,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">A. peregrinus</emphasis>
|
||
Pérez-García, 2016
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF91FFF5FA9C54E3F3B6FA4C" box="[1394,1455,1491,1517]" name="Spain" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Pérez-García 2018a).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FBFA54C3F3B6F9AC" authority="Nopcsa, 1931" authorityName="Nopcsa" authorityYear="1931" box="[1044,1455,1523,1549]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Elochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perfecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FBFA54C3F2A7F9AC" box="[1044,1214,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">Elochelys perfecta</emphasis>
|
||
Nopcsa, 1931 (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF91FFF5FAB154C3F3B1F9AC" box="[1375,1448,1523,1549]" name="France" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(two known specimens) has also, similarly to this Portuguese
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FCC55702F5B0F9ED" box="[811,937,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">Algorachelys</emphasis>
|
||
specimen, a more marked basic decoration of mostly elongated polygons, which are not raised in relation to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FCA25743F585F92D" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[844,924,1651,1677]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FCA25743F585F92D" box="[844,924,1651,1677]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF91FFF5FC485743F258F92C" box="[934,1089,1651,1677]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
The nuchal of an undetermined Pelomedusoides from the Eocene of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BAF870FF91FFF5FB1B57A2F3A8F90D" box="[1269,1457,1682,1708]" country="India" name="Gujarat" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">Gujarat Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF91FFF5FCD85782F56BF96C" box="[822,882,1714,1741]" name="India" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
) (Smith
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FC235783F5E6F96D" box="[973,1023,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016) presents such a well-marked basic decoration of not raised small polygons. However, unlike in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FCC257C2F5B5F8AD" box="[812,940,1778,1804]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Algorachelus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FCC257C2F5B5F8AD" box="[812,940,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">Algorachelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FC5257C2F236F8AD" box="[956,1071,1778,1804]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Chedighaii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FC5257C2F236F8AD" box="[956,1071,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">Chedighaii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FBD157C3F293F8AD" authorityName="Carrington da Costa" authorityYear="1940" box="[1087,1162,1779,1804]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Rosasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FBD157C3F293F8AD" box="[1087,1162,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">Rosasia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FB2B57C3F328F8AD" box="[1221,1329,1779,1804]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Puentemys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FB2B57C3F328F8AD" box="[1221,1329,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">Puentemys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FAAE57C3F3B6F8AD" authorityName="Nopcsa" authorityYear="1931" box="[1344,1455,1778,1804]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Elochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perfecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FAAE57C3F3B6F8AD" box="[1344,1455,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">E. perfecta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FC4A5622F23DF88D" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[932,1060,1810,1836]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FC4A5622F23DF88D" box="[932,1060,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">Sindhochelys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the derived “generalized plastral scute pattern”, defined by an elongated intergular, fully separating the humerals up to the pectorals. However, within this frame,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FC945642F5F0F82A" authorityName="Nopcsa" authorityYear="1931" box="[890,1001,1905,1931]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Elochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perfecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FC945642F5F0F82A" box="[890,1001,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">E. perfecta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FB955642F2D0F82A" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1147,1225,1906,1932]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FB955642F2D0F82A" box="[1147,1225,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF91FFF5FB3E5642F37EF82D" box="[1232,1383,1906,1932]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in the anterior position of the humero-pectoral sulcus. In
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FA8856A2F57DF86A" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FA8856A2F579F86A" authorityName="Nopcsa" authorityYear="1931" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Elochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perfecta">E. perfecta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
it is anterior to the epihyoplastral suture and, medially the intergular is V shaped on the entoplastron, with the V point posterior to the epihyoplastral suture level: that makes a clearly distinct contour and proportion of the intergular in both species. Besides a moderate decoration and the different intergular shape, the shell shape of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FDE15008F464FEF0" authorityName="Nopcsa" authorityYear="1931" box="[527,637,311,337]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Elochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perfecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FDE15008F464FEF0" box="[527,637,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">E. perfecta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FF365067F73EFED0" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[216,295,343,369]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FF365067F73EFED0" box="[216,295,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF90FFF4FEC05067F7DEFED0" box="[302,455,343,369]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in a suite of features such as the anteriorly and posteriorly more rounded carapace, with parallel lateral borders on a small median length and with an anterior rounded protrusion, and a different plastron by the more rounded anterior plastral lobe, and the wider and more rounded posterior lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF01661AFF91FFF5FF6A5599F329FB46" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776732" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5776732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776732/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" startId="14.[132,143,1193,1210]" targetBox="[350,1238,215,1153]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF91FFF5FF6A5599F329FB46" blockId="14.[132,1455,1193,1255]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">
|
||
FIG. 8. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF91FFF5FF385599F76DFB1B" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[214,372,1193,1210]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FF385599F76DFB1B" box="[214,372,1193,1210]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF91FFF5FE945599F7EBFB1B" box="[378,498,1193,1210]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FAC75599F352FB1B" bold="true" box="[1321,1355,1193,1210]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">A -D</emphasis>
|
||
, decoration in various parts of the shell:
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FE80558FF762FB71" bold="true" box="[366,379,1215,1232]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">A</emphasis>
|
||
, isolated piece with the imprint of the mesoplastral external surface;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FC59558FF5DDFB71" bold="true" box="[951,964,1215,1232]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">B</emphasis>
|
||
, marginal part of peripheral 10, dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FAD9558FF35CFB71" bold="true" box="[1335,1349,1215,1232]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">C</emphasis>
|
||
, left costal 1 part, posterior border at mid-width, dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FDF655E6F43FFB46" bold="true" box="[536,550,1238,1255]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">D</emphasis>
|
||
, a costal lateral border, in dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF91FFF5FC8355E6F560FB46" bold="true" box="[877,889,1238,1255]" pageId="14" pageNumber="1353">E</emphasis>
|
||
, right hyoplastral part, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF90FFF4FF6A5306F4F2FDF1" blockId="15.[131,777,566,2028]" box="[132,747,566,592]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FF6A5306F790FDF1" box="[132,393,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Particular comparisons of</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FE7E5306F441FDF1" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[400,600,566,592]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">Sindhochelys ragei</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FD8E5307F4F2FDF1" box="[608,747,567,592]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF90FFF4FD8E5307F4F2FDF1" box="[608,747,567,592]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF90FFF4FF6A5366F7C2FDD1" blockId="15.[131,777,566,2028]" box="[132,475,598,624]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FF6A5366F7C2FDD1" box="[132,475,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">
|
||
with some Indian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FEAE5366F7C2FDD1" authorityName="BAUR" authorityYear="1891" box="[320,475,598,624]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Bothremydidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF90FFF4FF6A5346F75EFC91" blockId="15.[131,777,566,2028]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">
|
||
Alone in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF90FFF4FF025346F731FD31" box="[236,296,630,656]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
, two Indian bothremydid species share one or two of the most important general derived features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FF685386F6CFFD6E" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[134,214,694,720]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FF685386F6CFFD6E" box="[134,214,694,720]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF90FFF4FF335386F765FD71" box="[221,380,694,720]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
: the generalized anterior lobe scute pattern as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FEFD53E6F798FD51" authorityName="Nopcsa" authorityYear="1931" box="[275,385,726,752]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Elochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perfecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FEFD53E6F798FD51" box="[275,385,726,752]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">E. perfecta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in the above compared forms) and the protruding polygonal ornamentation (unlike the above compared forms).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF90FFF4FF755205F224FEB3" blockId="15.[131,777,566,2028]" lastBlockId="15.[811,1457,215,880]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">
|
||
1)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FF565206F401FCF1" authority="(Carter, 1852)" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[184,536,821,848]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leithii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FF565206F76BFCEE" box="[184,370,821,848]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Carteremys leithii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FE6E5205F409FCF1" author="CARTER H. J." box="[384,528,821,848]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="161 - 215" refId="ref19314" refString="CARTER H. J. 1852. - Geology of the Island of Bombay. Journal of the Bombay branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 21: 161 - 215." type="journal article" year="1852">Carter, 1852</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, sharing both features with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FF2E5265F79DFCCE" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[192,388,853,879]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FF2E5265F79DFCCE" box="[192,388,853,879]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF90FFF4FE605266F434FCD1" box="[398,557,854,880]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FDD65265F485FCCE" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[568,668,853,879]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leithii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FDD65265F485FCCE" box="[568,668,853,879]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">C. leithii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) intertrappean- beds of the Worli Hills (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF90FFF4FEE152A5F76DFC0E" box="[271,372,917,943]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Mumbai</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF90FFF4FE6E52A5F7A5FC11" box="[384,444,917,944]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
) has been revised and figured by a specimen (GSI coll. no. 20337) in Williams (1953: pl. 3). This has been designed as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58830FF90FFF4FE1B52E5F457FC4E" box="[501,590,981,1007]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FD9D52E5F7A1FBAE" author="LAPPARENT DE BROIN & F. DE & GUNTUPALLI & V. R. PRASAD" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="123 - 180" refId="ref21102" refString="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD 2020. - Chelonian Pelomedusoides remains from the Late Cretaceous of Upparhatti (Southwestern India): Systematics and Palaeobiogeographical implications, in GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD (ed.), Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer Science & Business Media Publishers: 123 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 030 - 49753 - 8 _ 7" type="book chapter" year="2020">Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Williams’s photograph is not fully informative but the decoration is visible on the figure and described by Williams (1953: 6) as follows: “the characteristic sculpture of the surface (mentioned by Carter), which, while somewhat like that of some chelyid, also resembles that of, for example, the American pelomedusine genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FF255584F755FB6F" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1869" box="[203,332,1204,1230]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FF255584F755FB6F" box="[203,332,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Taphrosphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”. This sculpture particularly appears on his figure, on the left costal 1, as made of small polygons that are well protruded and regularly elongated: the polygons are more regular and smaller than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FDB25424F4B2FA8C" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[604,683,1300,1326]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FDB25424F4B2FA8C" box="[604,683,1300,1326]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF90FFF4FD5D5424F6DAFAEF" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
They appear as more similar in outline to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FF6A5463F725FACC" authorityName="Nopcsa" authorityYear="1931" box="[132,316,1363,1389]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Elochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perfecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FF6A5463F725FACC" box="[132,316,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Elochelys perfecta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but differ in the well-marked protrusion. The plastron of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FEDE5444F789FA2C" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[304,400,1395,1422]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leithii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FEDE5444F789FA2C" box="[304,400,1395,1422]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">C. leithii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known by an incomplete drawing of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FF3C54A3F769FA0F" author="CARTER H. J." box="[210,368,1427,1454]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="161 - 215" refId="ref19314" refString="CARTER H. J. 1852. - Geology of the Island of Bombay. Journal of the Bombay branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 21: 161 - 215." type="journal article" year="1852">Carter (1852)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, missing the sutures of the anterior lobe plates. The anterior plastral scute pattern has similarities with that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FED054E3F794FA4C" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[318,397,1491,1517]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FED054E3F794FA4C" box="[318,397,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF90FFF4FE7854E3F436FA4C" box="[406,559,1491,1517]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
This is particularly visible in the long intergular separating the humerals and reaching the pectorals. However, the intergular contact with the pectorals is just marked by a point in the drawing. This short punctiform contact is rather unusual; it is known to occur as a variable feature in some specimens of the podocnemidid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FE6857A2F518F90D" authority="Broin, 1977" authorityName="Broin" authorityYear="1977" box="[390,769,1682,1708]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Neochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arenarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FE6857A2F47FF90D" box="[390,614,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Neochelys arenarum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FD9F57A2F518F90D" author="BROIN F. DE" box="[625,769,1682,1708]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" refId="ref18982" refString="BROIN F. DE 1977. - Contribution a l'etude des Cheloniens. Cheloniens continentaux du Cretace et du Tertiaire de France. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 366 p. (Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, ser. C, Sciences de la Terre; Vol. 38). https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 58317560" type="book" year="1977">Broin, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, beside a wider contact in other specimens. However, other specimens of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FEBE57E2F7D1F94D" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="1953" box="[336,456,1746,1772]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FEBE57E2F7D1F94D" box="[336,456,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Carteremys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF90FFF4FDB557E2F48FF94D" box="[603,662,1746,1772]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
complete the shape variability for the species group, with the intergular having a wider contact with the pectorals (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FD7B5622F777F8ED" author="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & GUNTUPALLI & V. R. PRASAD & BAJPAI S. & VERMA O." pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="95 - 97" refId="ref21024" refString="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE, GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD, BAJPAI S. & VERMA O. 2009. - Chelonian remains from the Upper Cretaceous Deccan Intertrappean Beds of peninsular India: review, new material and comparisons, in BRINKMAN D. (ed.), Gaffney Turtle Symposium (Drumheller, Alberta, 17 - 18 October 2009), Royal Tyrrell Museum. Abstracts: 95 - 97." type="book chapter" year="2009">
|
||
Lapparent de Broin
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FF1A5602F735F8EA" box="[244,300,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FE915602F6A6F8CD" author="LAPPARENT DE BROIN & F. DE & GUNTUPALLI & V. R. PRASAD" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="123 - 180" refId="ref21102" refString="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD 2020. - Chelonian Pelomedusoides remains from the Late Cretaceous of Upparhatti (Southwestern India): Systematics and Palaeobiogeographical implications, in GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD (ed.), Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer Science & Business Media Publishers: 123 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 030 - 49753 - 8 _ 7" type="book chapter" year="2020">Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The shape of the carapace of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FDC95662F493F8CA" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[551,650,1873,1900]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leithii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FDC95662F493F8CA" box="[551,650,1873,1900]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">C. leithii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as revised by Williams 1953) is very distinctive from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FD595642F51FF82A" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[695,774,1906,1932]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FD595642F51FF82A" box="[695,774,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF90FFF4FF6A56A2F73FF80D" box="[132,294,1938,1964]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FE8A56A2F7C3F80A" authorityName="Nopcsa" authorityYear="1931" box="[356,474,1937,1963]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Elochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perfecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FE8A56A2F7C3F80A" box="[356,474,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">E. perfecta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: it is anteriorly narrower, with a different proportion of enlarged peripheral part and nuchal, and with the widest carapace part at the 7th-8th suture, which is posterior to the peripherals 6-7 contact of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FCA551C7F582FEB0" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[843,923,247,273]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FCA551C7F582FEB0" box="[843,923,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF90FFF4FC4D51C8F224FEB3" box="[931,1085,248,274]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF90FFF4FCAA5027F249FCCE" blockId="15.[811,1457,215,880]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">
|
||
and 2) “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FC4D5027F200FE90" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="1953" box="[931,1049,279,305]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FC4D5027F200FE90" box="[931,1049,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Carteremys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FBC15027F2B8FE90" box="[1071,1185,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">pisdurensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FB455027F33AFE90" author="JAIN S. L." box="[1195,1315,279,305]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="360 - 365" refId="ref20616" refString="JAIN S. L. 1977. - A new fossil Pelomedusid Turtle from the Upper Cretaceous Pisdura sediments, Central India. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 20: 360 - 365." type="journal article" year="1977">Jain, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, sharing the generalized scute pattern with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FB605007F348FEF0" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1166,1361,311,337]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FB605007F348FEF0" box="[1166,1361,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF90FFF4FAB75007F574FED0" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
“
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FC915067F581FED0" box="[895,920,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">C.</emphasis>
|
||
”
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FC435067F207FED0" box="[941,1054,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">pisdurensis</emphasis>
|
||
from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Lameta Formation (infratrappean beds) of (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF90FFF4FA855047F3BEFE33" box="[1387,1447,375,402]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
) also has a similarly generalized scute pattern on a drawing of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FCA75086F5A4FE71" author="JAIN S. L." box="[841,957,438,464]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="63 - 75" refId="ref20652" refString="JAIN S. L. 1986. - New Pelomedusid turtle (Pleurodira: Chelonia) remains from Lameta Formation (Maastrichtian) at Dongargaon, Central India, and a review of Pelomedusids from India. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 31: 63 - 75." type="journal article" year="1986">Jain (1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 3, for “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FBAD5086F2DDFE71" authorityName="Swinton" authorityYear="1939" box="[1091,1220,438,464]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Shweboemys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FBAD5086F2DDFE71" box="[1091,1220,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Shweboemys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FB385086F35EFE71" box="[1238,1351,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">pisdurensis</emphasis>
|
||
). But the humero-pectoral sulcus is just anterior to the epihyoplastral suture level, medially on the entoplastron, and it becomes posterior and oblique towards the external hyoplastral border, while the intergular shape is posteriorly wide in a V on the entoplastron: the drawing of the sulci is not visible on the photographs, and the drawing of the carapace is problematic on the nuchal part (the form needs to be reexamined to rename the genus, see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FBD25386F57CFD51" author="LAPPARENT DE BROIN & F. DE & GUNTUPALLI & V. R. PRASAD" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="123 - 180" refId="ref21102" refString="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD 2020. - Chelonian Pelomedusoides remains from the Late Cretaceous of Upparhatti (Southwestern India): Systematics and Palaeobiogeographical implications, in GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD (ed.), Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer Science & Business Media Publishers: 123 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 030 - 49753 - 8 _ 7" type="book chapter" year="2020">Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Contrarily to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FBF553E5F2C2FD4E" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1051,1243,725,751]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FBF553E5F2C2FD4E" box="[1051,1243,725,751]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF90FFF4FB0C53E6F366FD51" box="[1250,1407,726,752]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, the shell is not decorated and the shape of the carapace is clearly not similar: on the photographs, the carapace is quadrangular and not oval, medially widened toward the midline, contrary to Jain’s drawing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF90FFF4FCC352A5F38AFC0E" blockId="15.[811,1457,917,2028]" box="[813,1427,917,943]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FCC352A5F228FC0E" box="[813,1073,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Particular comparisons of</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FBD652A5F319FC0E" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1080,1280,917,943]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">Sindhochelys ragei</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FAE652A6F38AFC0E" box="[1288,1427,918,943]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF90FFF4FAE652A6F38AFC0E" box="[1288,1427,918,943]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF90FFF4FCC35285F5EDFC6E" blockId="15.[811,1457,917,2028]" box="[813,1012,949,975]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FCC35285F5EDFC6E" box="[813,1012,949,975]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FC8C5285F5EDFC6E" authorityName="sensu Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli" authorityYear="2020" box="[866,1012,949,975]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF90FFEBFCC352E4F28DF84A" blockId="15.[811,1457,917,2028]" lastBlockId="16.[811,1455,1937,2028]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="1355" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">
|
||
The members of the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FBA052E4F5D5FBAF" authority="Gaffney, Tong & Meylan, 2006" authorityName="Gaffney, Tong & Meylan" authorityYear="2006" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">
|
||
Taphrosphyini
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FB1952E4F5D5FBAF" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">Gaffney, Tong & Meylan, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, emend.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FBDB52C5F56EFB8E" author="LAPPARENT DE BROIN & F. DE & GUNTUPALLI & V. R. PRASAD" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="123 - 180" refId="ref21102" refString="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD 2020. - Chelonian Pelomedusoides remains from the Late Cretaceous of Upparhatti (Southwestern India): Systematics and Palaeobiogeographical implications, in GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD (ed.), Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer Science & Business Media Publishers: 123 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 030 - 49753 - 8 _ 7" type="book chapter" year="2020">Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
present the two characters shared by the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FAD05525F3A9FB8E" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="1953" box="[1342,1456,1045,1071]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FAD05525F3A9FB8E" box="[1342,1456,1045,1071]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Carteremys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group beside differences which characterize the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FAFB5504F3B6FBEF" authorityName="Gaffney, Tong & Meylan" authorityYear="2006" box="[1301,1455,1076,1102]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
tribe. In this work, this tribe is restricted to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FADA5564F3A9FBCF" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1869" box="[1332,1456,1108,1134]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FADA5564F3A9FBCF" box="[1332,1456,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Taphrosphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FC645544F20EFB2E" author="BROIN F. DE" box="[906,1047,1140,1167]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="103 - 142" refId="ref19137" refString="BROIN F. DE 1988. - Les Tortues et le Gondwana. Examen des rapports entre le fractionnement du Gondawana et la dispersion geographique des Tortues pleurodires a partir du Cretace. Studia Geologica Salmanticensia, Studia Palaeocheloniologica 2 (5): 103 - 142." type="journal article" year="1988">Broin (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FBDB5544F324FB2E" author="ANTUNES M. T. & BROIN F. DE" box="[1077,1341,1140,1167]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="153 - 200" refId="ref18504" refString="ANTUNES M. T. & BROIN F. DE 1988. - Le Cretace terminal de Beira Litoral, Portugal: remarques stratigraphiques et ecologiques; etude complementaire de Rosasia soutoi (Chelonii, Bothremydidae). Ciencias da Terra (Universidade Nova de Lisboa) 9: 153 - 200." type="journal article" year="1988">Antunes & Broin (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, contrarily to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FCA255A4F22BFB0F" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." box="[844,1074,1172,1198]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FC4455A5F5F9FB0F" box="[938,992,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and Pérez-García (2019b). All the species included by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FBE65584F2F2FB6F" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." box="[1032,1259,1204,1230]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FB8A5585F280FB6F" box="[1124,1177,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in their “taphrosphyine” tribe which have no
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FB9D55E4F2E9FB4F" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1869" box="[1139,1264,1236,1262]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FB9D55E4F2E9FB4F" box="[1139,1264,1236,1262]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Taphrosphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
decoration, carapace shape other than that of
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FB9155C3F31CFAAC" box="[1151,1285,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FB9155C3F319FAAC" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1869" box="[1151,1280,1267,1293]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Taphrosphys</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and presenting other different characteristics of skull, are united in the tribe “Nigeremydini
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FC3D5403F2B3FAEC" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." box="[979,1194,1331,1358]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FBDE5404F27AFAEC" box="[1072,1123,1331,1357]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
” new rank in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FAAF5404F267FACC" author="LAPPARENT DE BROIN & F. DE & GUNTUPALLI & V. R. PRASAD" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="123 - 180" refId="ref21102" refString="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD 2020. - Chelonian Pelomedusoides remains from the Late Cretaceous of Upparhatti (Southwestern India): Systematics and Palaeobiogeographical implications, in GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD (ed.), Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer Science & Business Media Publishers: 123 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 030 - 49753 - 8 _ 7" type="book chapter" year="2020">Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(i.e. basically the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FAA65464F3A8FACC" authorityName="Broin" authorityYear="1977" box="[1352,1457,1364,1389]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Nigeremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FAA65464F3A8FACC" box="[1352,1457,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Nigeremys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group of Broin in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FC195443F31CFA2C" author="ANTUNES M. T. & BROIN F. DE" box="[1015,1285,1394,1421]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="153 - 200" refId="ref18504" refString="ANTUNES M. T. & BROIN F. DE 1988. - Le Cretace terminal de Beira Litoral, Portugal: remarques stratigraphiques et ecologiques; etude complementaire de Rosasia soutoi (Chelonii, Bothremydidae). Ciencias da Terra (Universidade Nova de Lisboa) 9: 153 - 200." type="journal article" year="1988">Antunes & Broin [1988]</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (Lapparent de Broin
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FC9C54A4F5BFFA0C" box="[882,934,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020). Besides their different anatomy, by their stratigraphical first appearance as soon as late Cretaceous and wide geographical diversification, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FB1954E3F38DFA4C" authorityName="Gaffney, Tong & Meylan" authorityYear="2006" box="[1271,1428,1491,1517]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FCC354C3F5E3F9AC" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." box="[813,1018,1523,1549]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FC6754C3F5A5F9AC" box="[905,956,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(emended) cannot be the sister group of the
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FCB65722F268F98D" box="[856,1137,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Azabbaremys-Acleistochelys</emphasis>
|
||
clade of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FB355722F3B6F98D" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." box="[1243,1455,1554,1580]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FAD65723F377F98D" box="[1336,1390,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FCD85702F212F9EC" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & MOODY R. T. J. & WALKER C. A." box="[822,1035,1586,1613]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref19919" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., MOODY R. T. J. & WALKER C. A. 2001 c. - Azabbaremys, a new Side-Necked Turtle (Pelomedusoides: Bothremydidae) from the Paleocene of Mali. American Museum Novitates 3320: 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / dp 6 nht" type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FC7E5703F5DBF9ED" box="[912,962,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2001c
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FBF85702F257F9ED" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." box="[1046,1102,1586,1612]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FBB45703F28BF9EC" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & ROBERTS E. & SISSOKO F. & BOUARE M. & TAPANILA L. & O'LEARY M." box="[1114,1170,1587,1613]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref20155" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., ROBERTS E., SISSOKO F., BOUARE M., TAPANILA L. & O'LEARY M. 2007. - Acleistochelys, a New Side-Necked Turtle (Pelomedusoides: Bothremydidae) from the Paleocene of Mali. American Museum Novitates 3549: 1 - 24. https: // doi. org / fnhdj 7" type="journal article" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), a Malian Paleocene clade which is the youngest element of Nigeremydini. This tribe is a group of large turtles living in the Maastrichtian-Paleocene Trans-Saharan seaway, extending to Neotethys as a gulf or a full passage (according to the age) in the African craton (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FCD857E2F5CDF94D" author="HALSTEAD L. B." box="[822,980,1746,1772]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="48 - 49" refId="ref20490" refString="HALSTEAD L. B. 1979. - A Taxonomic Note on New Fossil Turtles. Nigerian Field, The International Field Studies. Journal of West Africa, Mon. 1, Suppl. to 44, Arthurs Press Ltd, Woodchester, Stroud, Glos: 48 - 49." type="book chapter" year="1979">Halstead 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Walker 1979;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FB9057E2F596F8AD" author="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & WERNER C." pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="131 - 214" refId="ref21191" refString="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & WERNER C. 1998. - New late Cretaceous turtles from the Western Desert, Egypt. Annales de Paleontologie 84 (2): 131 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0753 - 3969 (98) 80005 - 0" type="journal article" year="1998">Lapparent de Broin & Werner 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FC7357C2F2A9F8AD" author="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE" box="[925,1200,1778,1804]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="43 - 82" refId="ref20760" refString="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE 2000. - African chelonians from the Jurassic to the Present. A preliminary catalog of the African fossil chelonians. Palaeontologia Africana 36: 43 - 82." type="journal article" year="2000">Lapparent de Broin 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FB5057C2F5F0F88D" author="LAPPARENT DE BROIN & F. DE & GUNTUPALLI & V. R. PRASAD" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="123 - 180" refId="ref21102" refString="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD 2020. - Chelonian Pelomedusoides remains from the Late Cretaceous of Upparhatti (Southwestern India): Systematics and Palaeobiogeographical implications, in GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD (ed.), Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer Science & Business Media Publishers: 123 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 030 - 49753 - 8 _ 7" type="book chapter" year="2020">Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Lapparent de Broin
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FB0F5622F301F88D" box="[1249,1304,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020). Thus, newly understood and emended,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FB7D5601F329F8EA" authorityName="Gaffney, Tong & Meylan" authorityYear="2006" box="[1171,1328,1841,1867]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
tribe is represented by the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58830FF90FFF4FC215662F5E4F8CD" box="[975,1021,1874,1900]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF90FFF4FBA35661F3B4F8CD" authority="(Leidy, 1856)" baseAuthorityName="Leidy" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1101,1453,1873,1900]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF90FFF4FBA35661F303F8CA" box="[1101,1306,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Taphrosphys sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF90FFF4FAC85661F3BCF8CD" author="LEIDY J." box="[1318,1445,1873,1900]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354" pagination="303 - 304" refId="ref21246" refString="LEIDY J. 1856. - Notices of remains of extinct turtles of New Jersey, collected by Prof. Cook, of the State Geological Survey, under the direction of Dr. W. Kitchell. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 8: 303 - 304. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 1935359" type="journal article" year="1856">Leidy, 1856</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the early Paleocene (Danian) of New Jersey, although the tribe is already widely diversified at Maastrichtian times (Africa,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF90FFF4FC6A5681F5A4F86A" box="[900,957,1969,1995]" name="Syria" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">Syria</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF90FFF4FC295682F20DF86D" box="[967,1044,1970,1996]" name="France" pageId="15" pageNumber="1354">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
). It is defined by shell features such as: 1) the autapomorphic long pubic scar and small rounded or triangular spot of the ischiatic scar (which is situated at the border of the anal notch of the xiphiplastron) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8FFFEBFD5F5681F6A5F84D" author="GAFFNEY E. S." pageId="16" pageNumber="1355" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref19658" refString="GAFFNEY E. S. 1975. - A revision of the side-necked turtle Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy) from the Cretaceous of New Jersey. American Museum Novitates 2571: 1 - 24. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2246 / 5459" type="journal article" year="1975">Gaffney 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 11;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8FFFEBFEF256E2F790F84A" author="HAY O. P." box="[284,393,2001,2028]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355" pagination="1 - 568" refId="ref20577" refString="HAY O. P. 1908. - The FossilTurtles of North America. Publications of the Carnegie Institution 75: 1 - 568. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12500" type="journal article" year="1908">Hay 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 118; Pérez-García
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8FFFEBFD6856E2F4A0F84A" box="[646,697,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018); and 2) to which is obligatorily added the regular decoration of protruding small polygons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF8FFFEBFB835681F2B1F86A" box="[1133,1192,1969,1995]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
E-G) and the generalized scute pattern of the anterior lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF01661AFF8FFFEBFF6A57EBF7F0F8FC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355" startId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF8FFFEBFF6A57EBF7F0F8FC" blockId="16.[132,1455,1755,1885]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">
|
||
FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8FFFEBFE0C57EBF466F94D" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[482,639,1755,1772]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8FFFEBFE0C57EBF466F94D" box="[482,639,1755,1772]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8FFFEBFD6D57EBF4EDF94D" box="[643,756,1755,1772]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8FFFEBFAAA57EBF720F8A3" authority="(Leidy, 1856)" baseAuthorityName="Leidy" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8FFFEBFAAA57EBF6D1F8A3" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">Taphrosphys sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8FFFEBFF3D57C1F72CF8A3" author="LEIDY J." box="[211,309,1777,1794]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355" pagination="303 - 304" refId="ref21246" refString="LEIDY J. 1856. - Notices of remains of extinct turtles of New Jersey, collected by Prof. Cook, of the State Geological Survey, under the direction of Dr. W. Kitchell. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 8: 303 - 304. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 1935359" type="journal article" year="1856">Leidy, 1856</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States):
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8FFFEBFCF557C1F524F8A3" bold="true" box="[795,829,1777,1794]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">A -D</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8FFFEBFCA657C1F5FFF8A3" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[840,998,1777,1794]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8FFFEBFCA657C1F5FFF8A3" box="[840,998,1777,1794]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8FFFEBFC0557C1F27AF8A3" box="[1003,1123,1777,1794]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3:
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8FFFEBFA8E57C1F374F8A3" bold="true" box="[1376,1389,1777,1794]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">A</emphasis>
|
||
, nuchal part;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8FFFEBFF5E5638F6A4F8B8" bold="true" box="[176,189,1800,1817]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">B</emphasis>
|
||
, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8FFFEBFCCA5638F52BF8B8" bold="true" box="[804,818,1800,1817]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">C</emphasis>
|
||
, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8FFFEBFB9D5638F298F8B8" bold="true" box="[1139,1153,1800,1817]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">D</emphasis>
|
||
, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8FFFEBFF5B562FF6CFF891" bold="true" box="[181,214,1823,1840]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">E -G</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8FFFEBFF0C562FF78EF891" baseAuthorityName="Leidy" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[226,407,1823,1840]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8FFFEBFF0C562FF78EF891" box="[226,407,1823,1840]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">Taphrosphys sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8FFFEBFE4D562FF7B6F891" bold="true" box="[419,431,1823,1840]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">E</emphasis>
|
||
, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8FFFEBFB3F562FF2C5F891" bold="true" box="[1233,1244,1823,1840]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">F</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8FFFEBFB09562FF2ECF891" bold="true" box="[1255,1269,1823,1840]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">G</emphasis>
|
||
, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype:
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8FFFEBFED85605F758F8E7" bold="true" box="[310,321,1845,1862]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">F</emphasis>
|
||
, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8FFFEBFD905605F4C6F8E7" author="LEIDY J." box="[638,735,1845,1862]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355" pagination="303 - 304" refId="ref21246" refString="LEIDY J. 1856. - Notices of remains of extinct turtles of New Jersey, collected by Prof. Cook, of the State Geological Survey, under the direction of Dr. W. Kitchell. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 8: 303 - 304. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 1935359" type="journal article" year="1856">Leidy (1856</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 19, fig.4), and in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8FFFEBFC615605F228F8E7" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." box="[911,1073,1845,1862]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8FFFEBFC3B5605F5E6F8E7" box="[981,1023,1845,1862]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 20), dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8FFFEBFB075605F2EEF8E7" bold="true" box="[1257,1271,1845,1862]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1355">G</emphasis>
|
||
, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF8EFFEAFF6A51E7F489FF50" blockId="17.[130,777,215,1485]" box="[132,656,215,241]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFF6A51E7F7E7FF50" authority="(Leidy, 1856)" baseAuthorityName="Leidy" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[132,510,215,241]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
Taphrosphys sulcatus
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFE9E51E7F7E7FF50" box="[368,510,215,241]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFE9951E7F7EFFF50" author="LEIDY J." box="[375,502,215,241]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="303 - 304" refId="ref21246" refString="LEIDY J. 1856. - Notices of remains of extinct turtles of New Jersey, collected by Prof. Cook, of the State Geological Survey, under the direction of Dr. W. Kitchell. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 8: 303 - 304. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 1935359" type="journal article" year="1856">Leidy, 1856</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFDEB51E8F489FF50" box="[517,656,216,241]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">representative</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF8EFFEAFF6A51C7F795FEB0" blockId="17.[130,777,215,1485]" box="[132,396,247,273]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFF6A51C7F795FEB0" box="[132,396,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">
|
||
of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFF2D51C7F74CFEB0" authorityName="Gaffney, Tong & Meylan" authorityYear="2006" box="[195,341,247,273]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
tribe
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF8EFFEAFF6A5027F4A4FA6C" blockId="17.[130,777,215,1485]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">
|
||
Thus, all the referred specimens to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFE185027F46BFE90" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1869" box="[502,626,279,305]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFE185027F46BFE90" box="[502,626,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Taphrosphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have the generalized anterior lobe scute pattern (above defined), like that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFF4E5067F741FED0" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[160,344,343,369]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFF4E5067F741FED0" box="[160,344,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8EFFEAFEB05067F7F7FED0" box="[350,494,343,369]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58830FF8EFFEAFDCC5067F46DFED0" box="[546,628,343,369]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFD7A5068F70AFE30" authority=", AMNH 2522" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFD7A5068F4E7FED0" box="[660,766,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
, AMNH 2522
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(under the name of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFE355047F519FE30" authority="Leidy, 1856" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[475,768,374,401]" class="Reptilia" family="Chelidae" genus="Platemys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFE355047F499FE30" box="[475,640,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Platemys sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFD685047F519FE30" author="LEIDY J." box="[646,768,374,401]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="303 - 304" refId="ref21246" refString="LEIDY J. 1856. - Notices of remains of extinct turtles of New Jersey, collected by Prof. Cook, of the State Geological Survey, under the direction of Dr. W. Kitchell. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 8: 303 - 304. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 1935359" type="journal article" year="1856">Leidy, 1856</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is of unknown locality and horizon (“Tinton Falls, N. J.” in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFF6A5086F726FE70" author="LEIDY J." box="[132,319,438,465]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 135" refId="ref21311" refString="LEIDY J. 1865. - Cretaceous reptiles of the United States. Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge 14 (6): 1 - 135. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 32533476" type="journal article" year="1865">Leidy 1865: 109</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), without any further information except that it belongs to the Hornestown Formation, which was first attributed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFEFC50C6F7A1FDB0" author="GAFFNEY E. S." box="[274,440,502,529]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref19658" refString="GAFFNEY E. S. 1975. - A revision of the side-necked turtle Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy) from the Cretaceous of New Jersey. American Museum Novitates 2571: 1 - 24. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2246 / 5459" type="journal article" year="1975">Gaffney (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to the late Cretaceous. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58830FF8EFFEAFD3450C7F6ABFD90" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
consists of a fragment of 5th, 6th, and 7th left peripherals (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFF635306F711FDF0" author="LEIDY J." box="[141,264,566,593]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 135" refId="ref21311" refString="LEIDY J. 1865. - Cretaceous reptiles of the United States. Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge 14 (6): 1 - 135. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 32533476" type="journal article" year="1865">Leidy 1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 19, fig. 4, a drawing reproduced in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFD5E5306F71FFDD1" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFF6A5367F6AEFDD1" box="[132,183,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
[2006]
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 20, reproduced in part in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF8EFFEAFDA45366F48EFDD1" box="[586,663,598,624]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Fig. 9F</figureCitation>
|
||
) and a left xiphiplastron (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF8EFFEAFECB5346F764FD31" box="[293,381,630,656]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Fig. 9G</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFE7D5346F460FD31" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." box="[403,633,630,656]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFE1F5347F43EFD31" box="[497,551,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noticed that if only the peripherals were figured by Leidy, it is the xiphiplastron that has the diagnostic features of the genus and it may become the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58830FF8EFFEAFED553E5F7B9FD4E" box="[315,416,725,751]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Moreover, the fossil MFL area of the Hornerstown Formation that yielded all the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFD7553C6F511FCAE" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[667,776,757,783]" class="Reptilia" family="Chelidae" genus="Platemys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFD7553C6F511FCAE" box="[667,776,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens is now considered as basal Danian (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFD995225F6A4FCEE" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFD3A5226F51EFC8E" box="[724,775,789,815]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), as is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFEFF5205F77BFCEE" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[273,354,821,847]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFEFF5205F77BFCEE" box="[273,354,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8EFFEAFE875206F41CFCF1" box="[361,517,822,848]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
No more photographs of the shell were given except one photograph of a dorsal incomplete shell (specimen PU 18707, from Sewell [N. J.] in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFF4F52A5F726FC11" author="GAFFNEY E. S." box="[161,319,917,944]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref19658" refString="GAFFNEY E. S. 1975. - A revision of the side-necked turtle Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy) from the Cretaceous of New Jersey. American Museum Novitates 2571: 1 - 24. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2246 / 5459" type="journal article" year="1975">Gaffney [1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 5]) with a reconstructed contour; the polygonal ornamentation, similar to that of the
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF8EFFEAFD905285F4A3FC6E" box="[638,698,949,975]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
E-G, is barely visible, as well as on Gaffney’s figure 5 as on the field photograph of the dislocated specimen PU
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B77FF8EFFEAFDA452C5F4B3FBAF" box="[586,682,1012,1039]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.751577999999999" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" unit="in" value="18707.0">18707 in</quantity>
|
||
situ. For the reconstruction of the carapace shape of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFDA25525F4AFFB8F" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[588,694,1044,1070]" class="Reptilia" family="Chelidae" genus="Platemys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFDA25525F4AFFB8F" box="[588,694,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, beside that of PU 18707 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFEBE5504F7FAFBEE" author="GAFFNEY E. S." box="[336,483,1076,1103]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref19658" refString="GAFFNEY E. S. 1975. - A revision of the side-necked turtle Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy) from the Cretaceous of New Jersey. American Museum Novitates 2571: 1 - 24. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2246 / 5459" type="journal article" year="1975">Gaffney 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), we consider the figures of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFF6D5565F71BFBCE" author="HAY O. P." box="[131,258,1108,1135]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 568" refId="ref20577" refString="HAY O. P. 1908. - The FossilTurtles of North America. Publications of the Carnegie Institution 75: 1 - 568. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12500" type="journal article" year="1908">Hay (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from various incomplete
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BAF870FF8EFFEAFDFB5565F495FBCE" box="[533,652,1109,1135]" country="United States of America" name="New Jersey" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">New Jersey</collectingRegion>
|
||
specimens, which were attributed to various species including the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFF6C55A5F79EFB0F" authority="Cope, 1870" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1870" box="[130,391,1172,1198]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leslianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFF6C55A5F6EFFB0F" box="[130,246,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">T. leslianus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFEEC55A4F79EFB0F" author="COPE E. D." box="[258,391,1172,1198]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="84 - 91" refId="ref19398" refString="COPE E. D. 1870. - The fossil of New Jersey. Part II. The American Naturalist 3: 84 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 270371" type="journal article" year="1870">Cope, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFE7D55A5F6DEFB6F" authority="(Cope, 1870)" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longinuchus" subGenus="Prochonias">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFE7D55A5F7B5FB0F" box="[403,428,1173,1198]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">T.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFE5755A4F431FB0F" box="[441,552,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Prochonias</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFDD755A4F4ADFB0F" box="[569,692,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">longinuchus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFD2A55A4F6A6FB6F" author="COPE E. D." pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="84 - 91" refId="ref19398" refString="COPE E. D. 1870. - The fossil of New Jersey. Part II. The American Naturalist 3: 84 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 270371" type="journal article" year="1870">Cope, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFF115585F7EFFB6F" authority="Cope (1870)" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1870" box="[255,502,1204,1230]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molops">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFF115585F77BFB6F" box="[255,354,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">T. molops</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFE875584F7EFFB6F" author="COPE E. D." box="[361,502,1204,1230]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="84 - 91" refId="ref19398" refString="COPE E. D. 1870. - The fossil of New Jersey. Part II. The American Naturalist 3: 84 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 270371" type="journal article" year="1870">Cope (1870)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(all species synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFF5755E4F71EFB4F" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[185,263,1236,1262]" class="Reptilia" family="Chelidae" genus="Platemys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFF5755E4F71EFB4F" box="[185,263,1236,1262]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inGaffney [1975]). Among others,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFD9555E4F6D7FAAF" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFD3955E4F51EFB4F" box="[727,775,1236,1262]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned the specimen AMNH 1470, from Barnesboro (N. J.), which notably includes the anterior carapace part, described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFEE35404F769FAEC" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1870" box="[269,368,1331,1357]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molops">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFEE35404F769FAEC" box="[269,368,1331,1357]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">T. molops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFE765404F456FAEC" author="HAY O. P." box="[408,591,1331,1358]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 568" refId="ref20577" refString="HAY O. P. 1908. - The FossilTurtles of North America. Publications of the Carnegie Institution 75: 1 - 568. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12500" type="journal article" year="1908">Hay (1908: 119)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and figured here (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF8EFFEAFF635463F6C5FACF" box="[141,220,1363,1390]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Fig. 9E</figureCitation>
|
||
). As the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58830FF8EFFEAFEDD5464F79EFACF" box="[307,391,1364,1390]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
, it shows the specific ornamentation, and besides, a contour of the anterior margin of the shell that conforms that of the other preserved specimens, as figured in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFF6D5483F71AFA6C" author="HAY O. P." box="[131,259,1459,1485]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 568" refId="ref20577" refString="HAY O. P. 1908. - The FossilTurtles of North America. Publications of the Carnegie Institution 75: 1 - 568. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12500" type="journal article" year="1908">Hay (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and preserved in the AMNH fragments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF8EFFEAFF6A54C3F7C4F98D" blockId="17.[130,776,1523,2027]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFF6A54C3F7E2F9AC" box="[132,507,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Comparison of the ornamentation of</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFDEC54C3F4D3F9AC" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[514,714,1523,1549]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">Sindhochelys ragei</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFF6A5723F7C4F98D" box="[132,477,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8EFFEAFF6A5723F716F98D" box="[132,271,1555,1580]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFEA55722F7C4F98D" authorityName="Gaffney, Tong & Meylan" authorityYear="2006" box="[331,477,1554,1580]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF8EFFE9FF6A5702F44BFCEE" blockId="17.[130,776,1523,2027]" lastBlockId="18.[130,777,215,847]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="1357" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">
|
||
The comparison of the nuchal ornamentation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFD755703F511F9ED" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[667,776,1586,1612]" class="Reptilia" family="Chelidae" genus="Platemys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFD755703F511F9ED" box="[667,776,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFEEA5762F7A2F9CD" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[260,443,1618,1644]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFEEA5762F7A2F9CD" box="[260,443,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8EFFEAFE2D5763F449F9CC" box="[451,592,1619,1645]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
shows a rounded granulation of smaller and more regular polygons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF8EFFEAFD725742F4C0F92D" box="[668,729,1650,1676]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
E-G compared with
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF8EFFEAFEC857A2F77BF90D" box="[294,354,1682,1708]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
A-D and
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF8EFFEAFE2D57A2F7E6F90D" box="[451,511,1682,1708]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1193,1210]" captionTargetBox="[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetId="figure-464@14.[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 8. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan. A-D, decoration in various parts of the shell: A, isolated piece with the imprint of the mesoplastral external surface; B, marginal part of peripheral 10, dorsal view; C, left costal 1 part, posterior border at mid-width, dorsal view; D, a costal lateral border, in dorsal view; E, right hyoplastral part, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776732/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Open dichotomic sulci of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFF4C5782F6F7F96D" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[162,238,1714,1740]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFF4C5782F6F7F96D" box="[162,238,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8EFFEAFF185783F792F96C" box="[246,395,1715,1741]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
carapace parts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF8EFFEAFDD45782F4B5F96C" box="[570,684,1714,1741]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1193,1210]" captionTargetBox="[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetId="figure-464@14.[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 8. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan. A-D, decoration in various parts of the shell: A, isolated piece with the imprint of the mesoplastral external surface; B, marginal part of peripheral 10, dorsal view; C, left costal 1 part, posterior border at mid-width, dorsal view; D, a costal lateral border, in dorsal view; E, right hyoplastral part, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776732/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Fig. 8C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
) are not known in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFECF57E3F794F94D" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[289,397,1746,1772]" class="Reptilia" family="Chelidae" genus="Platemys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFECF57E3F794F94D" box="[289,397,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
assemblage of photographed specimens. Various elements of carapace and plastron of other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFF685622F73AF88D" authorityName="Gaffney, Tong & Meylan" authorityYear="2006" box="[134,291,1810,1836]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
present a decoration similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFD2B5622F6AEF8EA" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" class="Reptilia" family="Chelidae" genus="Platemys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFD2B5622F6AEF8EA" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and are known by photographs, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFD925602F708F8CD" authority="Wood, 1975" authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1975" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="congolensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFD925602F511F8EA" box="[636,776,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">T. congolensis</emphasis>
|
||
Wood, 1975
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Paleocene of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF8EFFEAFDF75661F47EF8CA" box="[537,615,1873,1899]" name="Angola" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Wood 1975; Pérez-García
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFEFC5642F75DF82A" box="[274,324,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018) (our observation at MRAC). Other taphrosphyine forms may also include raised polygons and dichotomic sulci at some places, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFDF85681F73DF84A" authority="(Gaudry, 1890)" baseAuthorityName="Gaudry" baseAuthorityYear="1890" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Eotaphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ambiguus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFDF85681F51CF86A" box="[534,773,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Eotaphrosphys ambiguus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFF6556E1F705F84A" author="GAUDRY A." box="[139,284,2001,2027]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" refId="ref20339" refString="GAUDRY A. 1890. - Les enchainements du monde animal dans les temps geologiques. Fossiles secondaires. F. Savy, Paris, 323 p. https: // gallica. bnf. fr / ark: / 12148 / bpt 6 k 62124748" type="book" year="1890">Gaudry, 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Maastrichtian of Mont-Aimé (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF8EFFEAFD5656E1F519F84A" box="[696,768,2001,2027]" name="France" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
) (MNHN.F.MTA1) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFBE051E7F293FF50" author="BROIN F. DE" box="[1038,1162,215,241]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" refId="ref18982" refString="BROIN F. DE 1977. - Contribution a l'etude des Cheloniens. Cheloniens continentaux du Cretace et du Tertiaire de France. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 366 p. (Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, ser. C, Sciences de la Terre; Vol. 38). https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 58317560" type="book" year="1977">Broin 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFB7651E8F3B1FF50" author="MONTENAT C. & MERLE D. & COORD" box="[1176,1448,215,242]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" refId="ref21445" refString="MONTENAT C. & MERLE D. (COORD.) 2018. - Stratotype Danien. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, Biotope, Meze; Brgm, Orleans, 480 p. (Patrimoine geologique; 9)." type="book" year="2018">Montenat & Merle 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 164B1, D1; Pérez-García 2018b), which displays some similarities with those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFBD15027F295FE90" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1087,1164,279,305]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFBD15027F295FE90" box="[1087,1164,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8EFFEAFB7A5028F330FE93" box="[1172,1321,280,306]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF8EFFEAFAD75027F397FE90" box="[1337,1422,279,305]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Figs 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF8EFFEAFA745027F3B1FE90" box="[1434,1448,279,305]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[132,143,1193,1210]" captionTargetBox="[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetId="figure-464@14.[350,1238,215,1153]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 8. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan. A-D, decoration in various parts of the shell: A, isolated piece with the imprint of the mesoplastral external surface; B, marginal part of peripheral 10, dorsal view; C, left costal 1 part, posterior border at mid-width, dorsal view; D, a costal lateral border, in dorsal view; E, right hyoplastral part, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776732/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">8</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF8EFFEAFCC35007F522FEF0" box="[813,827,311,337]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">9</figureCitation>
|
||
A-D). Well raised irregular and regular polygons are present in another taphrosphyine, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFB885067F2A6FED0" authorityName="Bergounioux" authorityYear="1952" box="[1126,1215,343,369]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Eusarkia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFB885067F2A6FED0" box="[1126,1215,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Eusarkia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFB3B5067F35FFED0" authorityName="Stefano" authorityYear="1903" box="[1237,1350,343,369]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Gafsachelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFB3B5067F35FFED0" box="[1237,1350,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Gafsachelys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” group of the Ypresian of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BAF870FF8EFFEAFC385047F20AFE30" box="[982,1043,375,401]" country="Tunisia" name="Gafsa" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Gafsa</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF8EFFEAFBCF5047F26AFE33" box="[1057,1139,375,402]" name="Tunisia" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFB635047F340FE30" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[1165,1369,374,401]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="377 - 396" refId="ref18794" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1952. - Les Cheloniens fossiles de Gafsa, in ARAMBOURG C. & SIGNEUX J., Les Vertebres fossiles des gisements de Phosphates (Maroc-Algerie-Tunisie). Notes et Memoires du Service geologique du Maroc 92, appendix: 377 - 396." type="journal article" year="1952">Bergounioux 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFA895046F386FE30" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[1383,1439,374,401]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref18844" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1956. - Les reptiles fossiles des depots phosphates sud tunisiens. Annales des Mines et de la Geologie 15: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1956">1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). There also, on the whole a more evident net is always present. The polygons radially diverge from a scute center, to become elongated on the borders, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFB9250E7F2D1FE51" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1148,1224,471,497]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFB9250E7F2D1FE51" box="[1148,1224,471,497]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8EFFEAFB2150E7F37AFE50" box="[1231,1379,471,497]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFA8050E7F579FDB1" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" class="Reptilia" family="Chelidae" genus="Platemys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFA8050E7F579FDB1" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
elements (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF8EFFEAFC3750C6F200FDB1" box="[985,1049,502,528]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
E-G) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFB6250C6F390FDB1" baseAuthorityName="Gaudry" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1164,1417,502,528]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Eotaphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ambiguus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFB6250C6F390FDB1" box="[1164,1417,502,528]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Eotaphrosphys ambiguus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for example. This radiation is visible in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFB445326F2ECFD91" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1194,1269,534,560]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFB445326F2ECFD91" box="[1194,1269,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8EFFEAFB135327F394FD90" box="[1277,1421,535,561]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
on the nuchal and suprapygal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF8EFFEAFBBB5306F2BEFDF1" box="[1109,1191,566,592]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
|
||
), but the polygons differ in size and shape. This Tunisian group is an assemblage of undefined number of “species” (see a discussion in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFA8C5346F56FFD11" author="MOODY R. T. J." pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="327 - 336" refId="ref21487" refString="MOODY R. T. J. 1972. - The turtle fauna of the Eocene phosphates of Metlaoui, Tunisia. Proceedings of the Geological Association 83 (3): 327 - 336." type="journal article" year="1972">Moody (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFC6E53A6F213FD11" author="BROIN F. DE" box="[896,1034,662,688]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" refId="ref18982" refString="BROIN F. DE 1977. - Contribution a l'etude des Cheloniens. Cheloniens continentaux du Cretace et du Tertiaire de France. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 366 p. (Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, ser. C, Sciences de la Terre; Vol. 38). https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 58317560" type="book" year="1977">Broin (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFBFA53A6F2EDFD11" author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." box="[1044,1268,662,688]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref20100" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / dgxpvn" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFB8353A6F284FD11" box="[1133,1181,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006))
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. It was established on several individuals where the decoration has its variabilities, beside the variable medial union of the costals over the neurals but with the constant medioanteriorly protrusion of the ovoid carapace, the longest known protrusion in the tribe. The group includes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFBDC5205F57CFCD1" authority="Bergounioux, 1952" authorityName="Bergounioux" authorityYear="1952" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Eusarkia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotundiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFBDC5205F303FCEE" box="[1074,1306,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Eusarkia rotundiformis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFACE5205F57CFCD1" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="377 - 396" refId="ref18794" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1952. - Les Cheloniens fossiles de Gafsa, in ARAMBOURG C. & SIGNEUX J., Les Vertebres fossiles des gisements de Phosphates (Maroc-Algerie-Tunisie). Notes et Memoires du Service geologique du Maroc 92, appendix: 377 - 396." type="journal article" year="1952">Bergounioux, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFC945265F256FCD1" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[890,1103,853,880]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="377 - 396" refId="ref18794" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1952. - Les Cheloniens fossiles de Gafsa, in ARAMBOURG C. & SIGNEUX J., Les Vertebres fossiles des gisements de Phosphates (Maroc-Algerie-Tunisie). Notes et Memoires du Service geologique du Maroc 92, appendix: 377 - 396." type="journal article" year="1952">Bergounioux 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 1-2) (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58830FF8EFFEAFB265265F334FCCE" box="[1224,1325,853,879]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
MNHN.F. coll.) mostly smoothened surface by erosion and lacking the anterior border,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFBEA52A5F57DFC6E" authority="Bergounioux, 1952" authorityName="" Bergounioux" authorityYear="1952" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Gafsachelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neurriregularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFBEA52A5F30FFC0E" box="[1028,1302,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Gafsachelys neurriregularis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFAF352A5F57DFC6E" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="377 - 396" refId="ref18794" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1952. - Les Cheloniens fossiles de Gafsa, in ARAMBOURG C. & SIGNEUX J., Les Vertebres fossiles des gisements de Phosphates (Maroc-Algerie-Tunisie). Notes et Memoires du Service geologique du Maroc 92, appendix: 377 - 396." type="journal article" year="1952">Bergounioux, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(pls 3-4) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFC195285F2D9FC6E" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[1015,1216,948,975]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref18844" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1956. - Les reptiles fossiles des depots phosphates sud tunisiens. Annales des Mines et de la Geologie 15: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1956">Bergounioux 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(pls 10[2], 11, 12 and 13),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFCB152E5F2D6FC4E" authority="Bergounioux, 1956" authorityName="" Bergounioux" authorityYear="1956" box="[863,1231,980,1007]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Gafsachelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moularensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFCB152E5F5E1FC4F" box="[863,1016,980,1007]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">G. moularensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFC1052E4F2D6FC4E" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[1022,1231,980,1007]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref18844" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1956. - Les reptiles fossiles des depots phosphates sud tunisiens. Annales des Mines et de la Geologie 15: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1956">Bergounioux, 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFB3052E4F3B2FC4E" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[1246,1451,980,1007]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref18844" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1956. - Les reptiles fossiles des depots phosphates sud tunisiens. Annales des Mines et de la Geologie 15: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1956">Bergounioux 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 10[1]), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFC3852C4F3B6FBAE" authority="Bergounioux, 1956" authorityName="Bergounioux" authorityYear="1956" box="[982,1455,1012,1039]" class="Reptilia" genus="Euclastochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudinata" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFC3852C4F2CFFBAF" box="[982,1238,1012,1038]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Euclastochelys interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFB3252C4F3B6FBAE" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[1244,1455,1012,1039]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref18844" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1956. - Les reptiles fossiles des depots phosphates sud tunisiens. Annales des Mines et de la Geologie 15: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1956">Bergounioux, 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFCD85524F21DFB8E" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[822,1028,1044,1071]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref18844" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1956. - Les reptiles fossiles des depots phosphates sud tunisiens. Annales des Mines et de la Geologie 15: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1956">Bergounioux 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pls 14, 15), all variably preserved. The part of shell named
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFC1A5504F3B6FBEE" authority="Bergounioux, 1952" authorityName="Bergounioux" authorityYear="1952" box="[1012,1455,1076,1103]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Gafsachelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phosphatica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFC1A5504F2C7FBEF" box="[1012,1246,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Gafsachelys phosphatica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFB0B5504F3B6FBEE" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[1253,1455,1076,1103]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="377 - 396" refId="ref18794" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1952. - Les Cheloniens fossiles de Gafsa, in ARAMBOURG C. & SIGNEUX J., Les Vertebres fossiles des gisements de Phosphates (Maroc-Algerie-Tunisie). Notes et Memoires du Service geologique du Maroc 92, appendix: 377 - 396." type="journal article" year="1952">Bergounioux, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ENSMP, MNHN.F deposit) is a
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFB715565F327FBCF" box="[1183,1342,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">nomen dubium</emphasis>
|
||
. It cannot be the type specimen of the genus (generotype) and the type species of the assemblage. So that, one other species ought to be retained for the whole assemblage (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFB175584F36FFB6F" author="BROIN F. DE" box="[1273,1398,1204,1230]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" refId="ref18982" refString="BROIN F. DE 1977. - Contribution a l'etude des Cheloniens. Cheloniens continentaux du Cretace et du Tertiaire de France. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 366 p. (Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, ser. C, Sciences de la Terre; Vol. 38). https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 58317560" type="book" year="1977">Broin 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and this might be the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58830FF8EFFEAFC1655E4F241FB4F" box="[1016,1112,1236,1262]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
shell of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFB5555E4F5E6FAAF" authority="Bergounioux, 1952" authorityName="Bergounioux" authorityYear="1952" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Eusarkia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotundiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFB5555E4F3A8FB4F" box="[1211,1457,1236,1262]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Eusarkia rotundiformis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFCC155C3F5E6FAAF" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[815,1023,1267,1294]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="377 - 396" refId="ref18794" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1952. - Les Cheloniens fossiles de Gafsa, in ARAMBOURG C. & SIGNEUX J., Les Vertebres fossiles des gisements de Phosphates (Maroc-Algerie-Tunisie). Notes et Memoires du Service geologique du Maroc 92, appendix: 377 - 396." type="journal article" year="1952">Bergounioux, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
although it does not present all the diagnostic characters of the species. In these Tunisian specimens, the polygons are protruding, when they are not mostly eroded as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFC845463F245FACC" authorityName="Bergounioux" authorityYear="1952" box="[874,1116,1363,1389]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Eusarkia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotundiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFC845463F245FACC" box="[874,1116,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Eusarkia rotundiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and they form, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFAB95463F5B4FA2C" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFAB95463F5B4FA2C" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Taphrosphys sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a better defined net of polygons than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFA8D5443F3B7FA2C" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1379,1454,1395,1421]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFA8D5443F3B7FA2C" box="[1379,1454,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8EFFEAFCC354A4F5DBFA0F" box="[813,962,1428,1454]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
During the Maastrichtian of other countries, some isolated fragmentary specimens individually preserve diagnostic features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFBF254E4F291FA4C" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[1052,1160,1491,1517]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFBF254E4F291FA4C" box="[1052,1160,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 1) xiphiplastral shape and scars; 2) similar anterior lobe scute sulci; 3) similar anterior elongation and rounded anterior shape; 4) characteristic ventral scars on the costal 1 of the hyoplastral buttress and ribs 1 and 2; and 5) short costals, posterior to the first one. They have a similar fine and regular protruding ornamentation as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFCA957A3F5A8F90D" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[839,945,1682,1708]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFCA957A3F5A8F90D" box="[839,945,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the small polygons (which are elongated or not according to their place on the plates) are well united in the same net as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFC5357E3F23DF94D" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[957,1060,1746,1772]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFC5357E3F23DF94D" box="[957,1060,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFBDF57E3F2AFF94D" authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1975" box="[1073,1206,1746,1772]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="congolensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFBDF57E3F2AFF94D" box="[1073,1206,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">T. congolensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the Tunisian group, contrarily to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFC3157C2F233F8AD" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[991,1066,1778,1804]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFC3157C2F233F8AD" box="[991,1066,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8EFFEAFBDE57C2F2A6F8AD" box="[1072,1215,1778,1804]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
ornamentation. These Maastrichtian remains are attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFB575622F304F88D" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[1209,1309,1810,1836]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFB575622F304F88D" box="[1209,1309,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in phosphates of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF8EFFEAFCAB5601F564F8EA" box="[837,893,1841,1867]" name="Syria" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Syria</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at Charquieh (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFBCD5601F2C7F8ED" author="BARDET N. & CAPPETTA H. & SUBERBIOLA X. & MOUTY M. & AL MALEH A. K. & AHMAD A. & KHRATA M. O. & GANNOUM" box="[1059,1246,1841,1868]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="269 - 290" refId="ref18588" refString="BARDET N., CAPPETTA H., PEREDA- SUBERBIOLA X., MOUTY M., AL MALEH A. K., AHMAD A., KHRATA M. O. & GANNOUM. 2000. - The marine vertebrate faunas from the Late Cretaceous of Syria. Geological Magazine 137 (3): 269 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0016756800003988" type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||
Bardet
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFB815602F2B8F8EA" box="[1135,1185,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 7a, b, c) and to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFCC55661F204F8CA" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[811,1053,1873,1899]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFCC55661F5BEF8CA" box="[811,935,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Taphrosphys</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFC205661F204F8CA" box="[974,1053,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF8EFFEAFBD35662F299F8CD" box="[1085,1152,1874,1900]" name="Egypt" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at Ammonite Hills, close to the Dakhla oasis (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8EFFEAFC055642F375F82A" author="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & WERNER C." box="[1003,1388,1905,1932]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" pagination="131 - 214" refId="ref21191" refString="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & WERNER C. 1998. - New late Cretaceous turtles from the Western Desert, Egypt. Annales de Paleontologie 84 (2): 131 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0753 - 3969 (98) 80005 - 0" type="journal article" year="1998">Lapparent de Broin & Werner 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 3 [3]). Two species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8EFFEAFBE056A1F293F80A" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1869" box="[1038,1162,1937,1963]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8EFFEAFBE056A1F293F80A" box="[1038,1162,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Taphrosphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Maastrichtian of Mont-Aimé (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF8EFFEAFC535681F211F86A" box="[957,1032,1969,1995]" name="France" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
) and Eocene of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF8EFFEAFB5B5682F2FFF86D" box="[1205,1254,1970,1996]" name="Peru" pageId="17" pageNumber="1356">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
(respectively) have been separated from the genus and placed in two new genera by Pérez-García (2018b) and Pérez-García
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FDA451E8F464FF50" box="[586,637,215,241]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2018): they share
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FF2A51C7F759FEB0" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1869" box="[196,320,247,273]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FF2A51C7F759FEB0" box="[196,320,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Taphrosphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
principal diagnostic features (decoration, plastral scute pattern and various others). The Maastrichtian Syrian and Egyptian shell elements which are the closest to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FF6B5068F6F4FED0" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[133,237,343,369]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FF6B5068F6F4FED0" box="[133,237,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
among the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FE8B5067F419FED0" authorityName="Gaffney, Tong & Meylan" authorityYear="2006" box="[357,512,343,369]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
have not been integrated in these works, no more than new Maastrichtian taphrosphyine carapaces of Phosphates of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF8DFFE9FE2150A7F429FE10" box="[463,560,407,433]" name="Morocco" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Morocco</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FDD150A6F4E7FE10" author="BARDET N. E. & GHEERBRANT E. & NOUBHANI A. & CAPPETTA H. & JOUVE S. & BOURDON E. & PEREDA SUBERBIOLA X. & JALIL & N. E & VINCENT P. & HOUSSAYE A. & SOLE F. & ELHOUSSAINI DARIF K. & ADNET S. & RAGE J. & CL & LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & SUDRE J. & BOUYA B. & AMAGHZAZ M. & MESLOUHET AL S." box="[575,766,406,433]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="355 - 454" refId="ref18660" refString="BARDET N. E., GHEERBRANT E., NOUBHANI A., CAPPETTA H., JOUVE S., BOURDON E., PEREDA SUBERBIOLA X., JALIL N. E., VINCENT P., HOUSSAYE A., SOLE F., ELHOUSSAINI DARIF K., ADNET S., RAGE J. - CL., LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE, SUDRE J., BOUYA B., AMAGHZAZ M. & MESLOUHET AL S. 2018. - Les Vertebres des Phosphates cretaces-paleogenes (70.6 - 46.6 Ma) du Maroc, in ZOUHRI S. (ed.), La Paleontologie des Vertebres du Maroc. Memoires de la Societe geologique de France 180: 355 - 454." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Bardet
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FD6350A7F4D9FE11" box="[653,704,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (OCP collections observed at Khouribga): this Maastrichtian presence shows that the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FE2950E6F47DFE51" authorityName="Gaffney, Tong & Meylan" authorityYear="2006" box="[455,612,470,496]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
is recorded by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FF6850C6F71BFDB1" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1869" box="[134,258,502,528]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FF6850C6F71BFDB1" box="[134,258,502,528]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Taphrosphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FEA350C6F7D0FDB1" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1869" box="[333,457,502,528]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FEA350C6F7D0FDB1" box="[333,457,502,528]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Taphrosphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Africa and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF8DFFE9FD8750C6F487FDB1" box="[617,670,502,528]" name="Syria" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Syria</collectingCountry>
|
||
and by a close taxon in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF8DFFE9FEC45327F76AFD90" box="[298,371,535,561]" name="France" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
as early as the Maastrichtian. Thus, during the Maastrichtian, the tribe occupyied a widespread distribution along the northern platform coast, Neotethyan borders and appendices, including its presence as northern as at the Mont-Aimé (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF8DFFE9FE9D53A6F7A7FD11" box="[371,446,662,688]" name="France" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
) and western in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF8DFFE9FD9F53A6F4CFFD11" box="[625,726,662,688]" name="Morocco" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Morocco</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The tribe is well defined as a derived monophyletic group before its Paleocene radiation, before the derivation of the nigeremydine
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FF6C53C5F782FCAE" box="[130,411,757,784]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FF6C53C5F710FCAE" box="[130,265,757,783]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Azzabaremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Azzabaremys</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FEFA53C5F782FCAE" authorityName="Gaffney, Roberts, Sissoko, Bouare, Tapanila & O'Leary" authorityYear="2007" box="[276,411,757,783]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Acleistochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Acleistochelys</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
clade and before the presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FF685226F6CBFC8E" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[134,210,790,816]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FF685226F6CBFC8E" box="[134,210,790,816]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8DFFE9FF365226F772FC91" box="[216,363,790,816]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF8DFFE9FE615225F7F5FC8E" box="[399,492,789,815]" name="Pakistan" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which does not appear to be associated with the taphrosphyine tribe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF8DFFE9FF6A5245F7C4FC0E" blockId="18.[130,777,885,2028]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FF6A5245F42EFC2E" box="[132,567,885,911]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Comparison of the shape of the carapace of</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FDD05245F51FFC2E" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[574,774,885,911]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">Sindhochelys ragei</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FF6A52A6F7C4FC0E" box="[132,477,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8DFFE9FF6A52A6F716FC0E" box="[132,271,918,943]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FEA552A5F7C4FC0E" authorityName="Gaffney, Tong & Meylan" authorityYear="2006" box="[331,477,917,943]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF8DFFE9FF6A5285F2CCFD31" blockId="18.[130,777,885,2028]" lastBlockId="18.[810,1460,215,1294]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">
|
||
Although the ornamentation shows some similarities, the comparison of the shell shape of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FE1652E4F4D7FC4F" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[504,718,980,1006]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FE1652E4F4D7FC4F" box="[504,718,980,1006]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Taphrosphys sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FF3652C4F78AFBAF" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[216,403,1012,1038]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FF3652C4F78AFBAF" box="[216,403,1012,1038]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8DFFE9FE7452C5F428FBAE" box="[410,561,1013,1039]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
does not support a close relationship between them. The carapace may not be as important for its length as that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FDF95505F47DFBEF" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[535,612,1077,1103]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FDF95505F47DFBEF" box="[535,612,1077,1103]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8DFFE9FD855505F51BFBEE" box="[619,770,1077,1103]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, even taking into account a possible relative difference of width or length due to the sexual dimorphism: the shape variability in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FF2555A5F720FB0F" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[203,313,1172,1198]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FF2555A5F720FB0F" box="[203,313,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is shown by the figures of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FD8755A4F4F0FB0F" author="HAY O. P." box="[617,745,1172,1198]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="1 - 568" refId="ref20577" refString="HAY O. P. 1908. - The FossilTurtles of North America. Publications of the Carnegie Institution 75: 1 - 568. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12500" type="journal article" year="1908">Hay (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as limited in one specific frame. The carapace of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FD6C5585F4F6FB6F" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[642,751,1204,1230]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FD6C5585F4F6FB6F" box="[642,751,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is reconstructed inHay (1908) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FE0C55E4F491FB4F" author="GAFFNEY E. S." box="[482,648,1235,1262]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref19658" refString="GAFFNEY E. S. 1975. - A revision of the side-necked turtle Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy) from the Cretaceous of New Jersey. American Museum Novitates 2571: 1 - 24. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2246 / 5459" type="journal article" year="1975">Gaffney (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
by different contours and some of the Gaffney’s figures need a revision. As seen in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF8DFFE9FF125423F77CFA8F" box="[252,357,1299,1326]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[132,143,1755,1772]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-89@16.[132,1455,215,1712]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp.from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan,and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, “Barnsboro, N.J.” (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776734/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Figure 9E</figureCitation>
|
||
and in figures of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FDC45424F4B3FA8F" author="HAY O. P." box="[554,682,1300,1326]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="1 - 568" refId="ref20577" refString="HAY O. P. 1908. - The FossilTurtles of North America. Publications of the Carnegie Institution 75: 1 - 568. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12500" type="journal article" year="1908">Hay (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, even in the more anteriorly protruded carapace, the anterior border is not the most protruded at the nuchal alone as figured in two reconstructions of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FE685443F43DFA2F" author="GAFFNEY E. S." box="[390,548,1395,1422]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref19658" refString="GAFFNEY E. S. 1975. - A revision of the side-necked turtle Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy) from the Cretaceous of New Jersey. American Museum Novitates 2571: 1 - 24. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2246 / 5459" type="journal article" year="1975">Gaffney (1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 1 and 5): these two figures give the species a much ovoid shape; but the carapace anterior border is straight at the medial part of the peripherals 1 beside at the nuchal border. It is the same even in the more taphrosphyine protruded carapaces, those of the species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FEF25722F76FF98D" authorityName="Bergounioux" authorityYear="1952" box="[284,374,1554,1580]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Eusarkia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FEF25722F76FF98D" box="[284,374,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Eusarkia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FE655722F7E7F98D" authorityName="Stefano" authorityYear="1903" box="[395,510,1554,1580]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Gafsachelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FE655722F7E7F98D" box="[395,510,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Gafsachelys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” group (see “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FD7D5722F40BF9EC" authority="" Bergounioux, 1952" authorityName="" Bergounioux" authorityYear="1952" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Gafsachelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neurriregularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FD7D5722F73BF9ED" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Gafsachelys neurriregularis</emphasis>
|
||
”
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FED95702F40BF9EC" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[311,530,1586,1613]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="377 - 396" refId="ref18794" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1952. - Les Cheloniens fossiles de Gafsa, in ARAMBOURG C. & SIGNEUX J., Les Vertebres fossiles des gisements de Phosphates (Maroc-Algerie-Tunisie). Notes et Memoires du Service geologique du Maroc 92, appendix: 377 - 396." type="journal article" year="1952">Bergounioux, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FDB45703F74FF9CC" authority="" Bergounioux, 1956" authorityName="" Bergounioux" authorityYear="1956" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Gafsachelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moularensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FDB45703F4E2F9ED" box="[602,763,1586,1613]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">G. moularensis</emphasis>
|
||
”
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FF6A5762F74FF9CC" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[132,342,1618,1645]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref18844" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1956. - Les reptiles fossiles des depots phosphates sud tunisiens. Annales des Mines et de la Geologie 15: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1956">Bergounioux, 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FE605763F7E3F9CD" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[398,506,1618,1644]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FE605763F7E3F9CD" box="[398,506,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, laterally to this anterior straight border, the borders diverge posteriorly as figured in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FF6B57A2F738F90C" author="GAFFNEY E. S." box="[133,289,1682,1709]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref19658" refString="GAFFNEY E. S. 1975. - A revision of the side-necked turtle Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy) from the Cretaceous of New Jersey. American Museum Novitates 2571: 1 - 24. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2246 / 5459" type="journal article" year="1975">Gaffney (1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 5). From all the partial specimens figured in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FF4E5783F707F96C" author="HAY O. P." box="[160,286,1714,1741]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="1 - 568" refId="ref20577" refString="HAY O. P. 1908. - The FossilTurtles of North America. Publications of the Carnegie Institution 75: 1 - 568. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12500" type="journal article" year="1908">Hay (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the anterior curve of the contour is too much rounded in the two reconstitutions of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FDF257E2F4A0F94C" author="GAFFNEY E. S." box="[540,697,1746,1773]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref19658" refString="GAFFNEY E. S. 1975. - A revision of the side-necked turtle Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy) from the Cretaceous of New Jersey. American Museum Novitates 2571: 1 - 24. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2246 / 5459" type="journal article" year="1975">Gaffney (1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 1, 5). As a whole, the carapace of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FE0A57C3F44AF8AD" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[484,595,1778,1804]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FE0A57C3F44AF8AD" box="[484,595,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is overall ovoid, although not completely rounded at the anterior medial part, with the posterior widening at the peripherals 7-8 (presenting lateral borders parallel on that short length), followed by a progressive posterior curved protrusion, towards a median protrusion that is maximal at the level of the pygal, as presented in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FF4C5681F759F86D" author="GAFFNEY E. S." box="[162,320,1969,1996]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref19658" refString="GAFFNEY E. S. 1975. - A revision of the side-necked turtle Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy) from the Cretaceous of New Jersey. American Museum Novitates 2571: 1 - 24. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2246 / 5459" type="journal article" year="1975">Gaffney (1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 5); but the carapace does not present a posterior trapeze with rounded angle as in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FD8C56E1F519F84D" author="GAFFNEY E. S." box="[610,768,2001,2028]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref19658" refString="GAFFNEY E. S. 1975. - A revision of the side-necked turtle Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy) from the Cretaceous of New Jersey. American Museum Novitates 2571: 1 - 24. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2246 / 5459" type="journal article" year="1975">Gaffney (1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 3 and 4): his best reconstruction ought to be his figure 5, adding a correction for a narrow straight border at the nuchal and medial part of the adjacent peripherals 1. Endly, the best precise carapace representation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FB4C5008F316FEF0" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[1186,1295,311,337]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FB4C5008F316FEF0" box="[1186,1295,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears in the figure of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58830FF8DFFE9FC545067F5F1FED0" box="[954,1000,343,369]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FBE55067F20AFED0" box="[1035,1043,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">“</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FBFA5067F3B2FED0" authority="" Cope, 1870" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1870" box="[1044,1451,343,369]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longinuchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FBFA5067F30DFED0" box="[1044,1300,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Taphrosphys longinuchus</emphasis>
|
||
”
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FAC95067F3B2FED0" author="COPE E. D." box="[1319,1451,343,369]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="84 - 91" refId="ref19398" refString="COPE E. D. 1870. - The fossil of New Jersey. Part II. The American Naturalist 3: 84 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 270371" type="journal article" year="1870">Cope, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FCA45047F5D9FE30" author="HAY O. P." box="[842,960,375,401]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="1 - 568" refId="ref20577" refString="HAY O. P. 1908. - The FossilTurtles of North America. Publications of the Carnegie Institution 75: 1 - 568. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12500" type="journal article" year="1908">Hay (1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 101). As anteriorly described in this way, with its posteriorly positioned maximal width and with the not in V pointed posterior border, the carapace is clearly different from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FBEC50E7F256FE51" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1026,1103,471,497]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FBEC50E7F256FE51" box="[1026,1103,471,497]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8DFFE9FBB850E7F2BDFE50" box="[1110,1188,471,497]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, n. sp.. The shape of the carapace of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FC5F50C7F225FDB1" authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1975" box="[945,1084,502,528]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="congolensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FC5F50C7F225FDB1" box="[945,1084,502,528]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">T. congolensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as reconstructed by Pérez-García
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FCC35327F578FD91" box="[813,865,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2018), appears as morphologically close to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FA755327F565FDF1" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FA755327F565FDF1" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, differing by the small nuchal notch of the former, and knowing the plastra are globally similar (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FAFD5366F3B1FDD0" author="GAFFNEY E. S." box="[1299,1448,598,625]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref19658" refString="GAFFNEY E. S. 1975. - A revision of the side-necked turtle Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy) from the Cretaceous of New Jersey. American Museum Novitates 2571: 1 - 24. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2246 / 5459" type="journal article" year="1975">Gaffney 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Wood 1975; Pérez-García
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FBA45347F267FD31" box="[1098,1150,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2018).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF8DFFE9FCAD53A6F3B6FAAF" blockId="18.[810,1460,215,1294]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">
|
||
The differences between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FBA853A6F2DBFD11" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1869" box="[1094,1218,662,688]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FBA853A6F2DBFD11" box="[1094,1218,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Taphrosphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FB1B53A6F3B4FD0E" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1269,1453,662,688]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FB1B53A6F3B4FD0E" box="[1269,1453,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8DFFE9FCC35386F5A7FD71" box="[813,958,694,720]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
are also those that differentiate the latter from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FCC253E6F5FAFD4E" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[812,995,725,752]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leithii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FCC253E6F5FAFD4E" box="[812,995,725,752]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Carteremys leithii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FBFF53E6F277FD4E" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[1041,1134,725,752]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leithii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FBFF53E6F277FD4E" box="[1041,1134,725,752]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">C. leithii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the anterior part of the carapace is not as elongate as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FBB253C6F2DEFCAE" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[1116,1223,757,783]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FBB253C6F2DEFCAE" box="[1116,1223,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and not as wide as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FA7553C6F547FC8E" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FA7553C6F547FC8E" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8DFFE9FC8B5226F5E1FC91" box="[869,1016,790,816]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FBDC5226F296FC8E" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[1074,1167,789,816]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leithii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FBDC5226F296FC8E" box="[1074,1167,789,816]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">C. leithii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not appear as being a taphrosphyine (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FC165206F387FCEE" author="LAPPARENT DE BROIN & F. DE & GUNTUPALLI & V. R. PRASAD" box="[1016,1438,821,848]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="123 - 180" refId="ref21102" refString="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD 2020. - Chelonian Pelomedusoides remains from the Late Cretaceous of Upparhatti (Southwestern India): Systematics and Palaeobiogeographical implications, in GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD (ed.), Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer Science & Business Media Publishers: 123 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 030 - 49753 - 8 _ 7" type="book chapter" year="2020">Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FC635265F233FCCE" authorityName="Gaffney, Tong & Meylan" authorityYear="2006" box="[909,1066,853,879]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, the carapace is not enough complete but when preserved, the shape is likewise mostly ovoid as that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FC2652A6F234FC0E" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[968,1069,917,943]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FC2652A6F234FC0E" box="[968,1069,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">T.sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Among theTunisian specimens from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BAF870FF8DFFE9FCC45285F573FC6E" box="[810,874,949,975]" country="Tunisia" name="Gafsa" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Gafsa</collectingRegion>
|
||
, the best specimens, with a nearly complete shape, are “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FCD652E4F239FC4F" authorityName="" Bergounioux" authorityYear="1956" box="[824,1056,980,1006]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Gafsachelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moularensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FCD652E4F239FC4F" box="[824,1056,980,1006]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Gafsachelys moularensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” and the similar “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FB3652E5F390FC4F" authorityName="" Bergounioux" authorityYear="1952" box="[1240,1417,980,1007]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Gafsachelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neurriregularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FB3652E5F390FC4F" box="[1240,1417,980,1007]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">G. neurriregularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FCC552C4F5E2FBAE" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[811,1019,1012,1039]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref18844" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1956. - Les reptiles fossiles des depots phosphates sud tunisiens. Annales des Mines et de la Geologie 15: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1956">Bergounioux (1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 10). In these individuals, the anterior protrusion is preserved: it is specifically maximal in relation to other taphrosphyines, with a narrower nuchal-peripheral 1 part – anterior straight border and they have less medially inclined and longer lateral borders, framing a very elongated medial part; so that the carapace looks more strictly “ovoid,” being more protruded than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FB665585F2ECFB6F" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[1160,1269,1204,1230]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FB665585F2ECFB6F" box="[1160,1269,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and anyway far from the contour of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FBFF55E4F247FB4C" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1041,1118,1236,1262]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FBFF55E4F247FB4C" box="[1041,1118,1236,1262]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8DFFE9FB8855E4F2E5FB4F" box="[1126,1276,1236,1262]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
However,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BAF870FF8DFFE9FA9D55E4F3A9FB4F" box="[1395,1456,1236,1262]" country="Tunisia" name="Gafsa" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Gafsa</collectingRegion>
|
||
form shape remains in the general frame of that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FAD355C4F3BFFAAC" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[1341,1446,1267,1293]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FAD355C4F3BFFAAC" box="[1341,1446,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF8DFFE9FCC35404F29CFACC" blockId="18.[811,1457,1331,2028]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FCC35404F28DFAEC" box="[813,1172,1331,1358]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Comparison of the plastral shape of</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FB745403F37AFAEC" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1178,1379,1331,1357]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">Sindhochelys ragei</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FCC35464F29CFACC" box="[813,1157,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8DFFE9FCC35464F5A1FACC" box="[813,952,1364,1389]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FC1D5463F29CFACC" authorityName="Gaffney, Tong & Meylan" authorityYear="2006" box="[1011,1157,1363,1389]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF8DFFE8FCC35444F7D0FD31" blockId="18.[811,1457,1331,2028]" lastBlockId="19.[131,777,215,2028]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="1358" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">
|
||
In addition to the decoration, the comparison of the scute pattern of the anterior plastral lobe shows that all members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FCA55483F5F5FA6C" authorityName="Gaffney, Tong & Meylan" authorityYear="2006" box="[843,1004,1459,1485]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
have the generalized anterior lobe scute pattern reconstructed for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FBD254E3F2A7FA4C" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1084,1214,1491,1517]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FBD254E3F2A7FA4C" box="[1084,1214,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Sindhochelys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF8DFFE9FB2354E3F306FA4C" box="[1229,1311,1491,1517]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1051,1068]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[132,1455,215,1008]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776720/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">Figs 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A17FF8DFFE9FAC754E3F352FA4C" box="[1321,1355,1491,1517]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1985,2002]" captionTargetBox="[141,1449,1175,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-78@8.[132,1455,1156,1940]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen.,n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3,from the Paleocene of Ranikot,locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan:A, B, shell drawings, in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bars: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5776722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5776722/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
), i.e. that of a wide and long intergular separating the humerals and contacting the pectorals, and, further, the humeropectoral sulcus is not anterior to the epihyoplastral suture in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FABF5702F56AF9CD" authorityName="Gaffney, Tong & Meylan" authorityYear="2006" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FC425763F5E0F9CD" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[940,1017,1619,1645]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FC425763F5E0F9CD" box="[940,1017,1619,1645]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8DFFE9FBEE5763F28FF9CC" box="[1024,1174,1619,1645]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
The complete plastron of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FCC05743F583F92D" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[814,922,1650,1676]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FCC05743F583F92D" box="[814,922,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not fully preserved on each specimen, and the reconstruction (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FC3657A2F275F90C" author="GAFFNEY E. S." box="[984,1132,1682,1709]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref19658" refString="GAFFNEY E. S. 1975. - A revision of the side-necked turtle Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy) from the Cretaceous of New Jersey. American Museum Novitates 2571: 1 - 24. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2246 / 5459" type="journal article" year="1975">Gaffney 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) did not include the variabilities presented by other
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BAF870FF8DFFE9FBCF5783F28EF96C" box="[1057,1175,1715,1741]" country="United States of America" name="New Jersey" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">New Jersey</collectingRegion>
|
||
specimens in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FAC75783F3B3F96C" author="HAY O. P." box="[1321,1450,1714,1741]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="1 - 568" refId="ref20577" refString="HAY O. P. 1908. - The FossilTurtles of North America. Publications of the Carnegie Institution 75: 1 - 568. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12500" type="journal article" year="1908">Hay (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: the position of the humeropectoral varies from linked to the epihyoplastral suture in “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FBA957C3F2B4F8AD" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1870" box="[1095,1197,1778,1804]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molops">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FBA957C3F2B4F8AD" box="[1095,1197,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">T. molops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” (type AMNH 1472), slightly more than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FBE25622F241F88A" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1036,1112,1810,1836]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FBE25622F241F88A" box="[1036,1112,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8DFFE9FBB05622F2F4F88D" box="[1118,1261,1810,1836]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, to far posterior in “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8DFFE9FCD65602F5B0F8EA" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1870" box="[824,937,1841,1867]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leslianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FCD65602F5B0F8EA" box="[824,937,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">T. leslianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” (AMNH 1471, a specimen with the epiplastra and a left hyoplastron but without the entoplastron). Thus, this sulcus is never anterior to the epihyoplastral suture as in other taphrosphyines (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FBF056A2F333F80A" author="MONTENAT C. & MERLE D. & COORD" box="[1054,1322,1937,1964]" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" refId="ref21445" refString="MONTENAT C. & MERLE D. (COORD.) 2018. - Stratotype Danien. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, Biotope, Meze; Brgm, Orleans, 480 p. (Patrimoine geologique; 9)." type="book" year="2018">Montenat & Merle 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 164B1; Pérez-García
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8DFFE9FC545682F5F5F86A" box="[954,1004,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="1357">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018). The entoplastron is figured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8DFFE9FA6E5682F56EF84D" author="HAY O. P." pageId="18" pageNumber="1357" pagination="1 - 568" refId="ref20577" refString="HAY O. P. 1908. - The FossilTurtles of North America. Publications of the Carnegie Institution 75: 1 - 568. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12500" type="journal article" year="1908">Hay (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as variably long posterior to this suture. At the differ- ence from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FF1851E8F75BFF50" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[246,322,216,242]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FF1851E8F75BFF50" box="[246,322,216,242]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8CFFE8FEA751E8F7C5FF53" box="[329,476,216,242]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, the intergular is pointed in a medial V, at the junction with the pectorals (as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FD4251C7F6CAFE90" authorityName="Nopcsa" authorityYear="1931" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Elochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perfecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FD4251C7F6CAFE90" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">Elochelys perfecta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FEE45028F775FE90" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1870" box="[266,364,279,305]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molops">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FEE45028F775FE90" box="[266,364,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">T. molops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” figured specimen of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8CFFE8FDB85028F4CFFE93" author="HAY O. P." box="[598,726,279,306]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" pagination="1 - 568" refId="ref20577" refString="HAY O. P. 1908. - The FossilTurtles of North America. Publications of the Carnegie Institution 75: 1 - 568. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12500" type="journal article" year="1908">Hay (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; but the V is variable in length in other “species”, where the sulcus is, nevertheless, not as transversal as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FDB15067F4B4FED0" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[607,685,343,369]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FDB15067F4B4FED0" box="[607,685,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8CFFE8FD5A5067F6A6FE30" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and in some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FEA75047F7A2FE30" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="1953" box="[329,443,375,401]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FEA75047F7A2FE30" box="[329,443,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">Carteremys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group members (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8CFFE8FD945047F722FE10" author="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & GUNTUPALLI & V. R. PRASAD & BAJPAI S. & VERMA O." pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" pagination="95 - 97" refId="ref21024" refString="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE, GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD, BAJPAI S. & VERMA O. 2009. - Chelonian remains from the Upper Cretaceous Deccan Intertrappean Beds of peninsular India: review, new material and comparisons, in BRINKMAN D. (ed.), Gaffney Turtle Symposium (Drumheller, Alberta, 17 - 18 October 2009), Royal Tyrrell Museum. Abstracts: 95 - 97." type="book chapter" year="2009">
|
||
Lapparent de Broin
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FF2750A7F6E5FE11" box="[201,252,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8CFFE8FEA750A7F4EEFE10" author="LAPPARENT DE BROIN & F. DE & GUNTUPALLI & V. R. PRASAD" box="[329,759,406,433]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" pagination="123 - 180" refId="ref21102" refString="LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. DE & GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD 2020. - Chelonian Pelomedusoides remains from the Late Cretaceous of Upparhatti (Southwestern India): Systematics and Palaeobiogeographical implications, in GUNTUPALLI V. R. PRASAD (ed.), Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer Science & Business Media Publishers: 123 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 030 - 49753 - 8 _ 7" type="book chapter" year="2020">Lapparent de Broin & Guntupalli 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The scute plastral pattern of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FE535087F430FE71" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[445,553,438,464]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FE535087F430FE71" box="[445,553,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the same in other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FF6B50E6F73CFE51" authorityName="Gaffney, Tong & Meylan" authorityYear="2006" box="[133,293,470,496]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including the
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FE2550E6F437FE51" box="[459,558,470,496]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">Eusarkia-</emphasis>
|
||
“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FDD750E6F4B5FE51" authorityName="Stefano" authorityYear="1903" box="[569,684,470,496]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Gafsachelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FDD750E6F4B5FE51" box="[569,684,470,496]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">Gafsachelys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” group: the sulci are not correctly figured or visible in all drawings and photographs of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8CFFE8FEB55326F437FD90" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[347,558,534,561]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" pagination="377 - 396" refId="ref18794" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1952. - Les Cheloniens fossiles de Gafsa, in ARAMBOURG C. & SIGNEUX J., Les Vertebres fossiles des gisements de Phosphates (Maroc-Algerie-Tunisie). Notes et Memoires du Service geologique du Maroc 92, appendix: 377 - 396." type="journal article" year="1952">Bergounioux (1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8CFFE8FDD25326F46DFD90" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[572,628,534,561]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref18844" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1956. - Les reptiles fossiles des depots phosphates sud tunisiens. Annales des Mines et de la Geologie 15: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1956">1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but the V is visible on “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FEEF5306F40FFDF1" authorityName="" Bergounioux" authorityYear="1952" box="[257,534,566,592]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Gafsachelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neurriregularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FEEF5306F40FFDF1" box="[257,534,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">Gafsachelys neurriregularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8CFFE8FDDD5306F519FDF0" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[563,768,566,593]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref18844" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1956. - Les reptiles fossiles des depots phosphates sud tunisiens. Annales des Mines et de la Geologie 15: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1956">Bergounioux 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 123, fig. 1), and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58830FF8CFFE8FE655366F7F3FDD1" box="[395,490,598,624]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FDFE5366F519FDD1" authorityName="Bergounioux" authorityYear="1952" box="[528,768,598,624]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Eusarkia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotundiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FDFE5366F519FDD1" box="[528,768,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">Eusarkia rotundiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with the V pointed intergular.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF8CFFE8FF7553A6F2A4FD31" blockId="19.[131,777,215,2028]" lastBlockId="19.[810,1456,215,911]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">
|
||
The plastron of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FEA353A6F417FD0E" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[333,526,662,688]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FEA353A6F417FD0E" box="[333,526,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">Sindhochelys ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8CFFE8FDFB53A6F4B7FD11" box="[533,686,662,688]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has not only a similar generalized scute pattern (although with the above exposed differences concerning the sulcus between humerals, intergular and pectorals precise position), but it has another similarity with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FE0D5226F440FC8E" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[483,601,789,815]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FE0D5226F440FC8E" box="[483,601,789,815]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the trapeze shape of the anterior lobe, although it is wider in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FD565205F511FCEE" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[696,776,821,847]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FD565205F511FCEE" box="[696,776,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8CFFE8FF6A5266F705FCD1" box="[132,284,854,880]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
In fact, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FE785265F7FCFCCE" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[406,485,853,879]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FE785265F7FCFCCE" box="[406,485,853,879]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8CFFE8FE035266F49DFCD1" box="[493,644,854,880]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has its own proportions, beside the “species of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8CFFE8FDE35245F49DFC2E" author="HAY O. P." box="[525,644,885,911]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" pagination="1 - 568" refId="ref20577" refString="HAY O. P. 1908. - The FossilTurtles of North America. Publications of the Carnegie Institution 75: 1 - 568. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12500" type="journal article" year="1908">Hay, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
” assembled in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FF4F52A6F716FC0E" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[161,271,917,943]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FF4F52A6F716FC0E" box="[161,271,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, each other taphrosphyine species has its own proportions in the width of the lobes, shape of the lobes, degree of convergence of the lateral borders, proximity of the abdominofemoral sulcus with the hyohypoplastral suture, width of the posterior lobe at abdominofemoral sulcus in relation to the anterior lobe at the bottom of the axillary notches, and degree of rounding of the posterior lobe posteriorly to this sulcus: because of individual small variations, with only
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D78FD1BFF8CFFE8FE8355A4F41BFB0F" box="[365,514,1172,1198]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
by species, it is difficult to define the characteristic proportions of each species in a defined specific frame. For the posterior lobe shape, two taphrosphyines (each one preserved by
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D78FD1BFF8CFFE8FDC255C4F4D8FAAF" box="[556,705,1267,1294]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
) share with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FF535424F712FA8C" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[189,267,1300,1326]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FF535424F712FA8C" box="[189,267,1300,1326]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8CFFE8FEFC5424F7BFFA8F" box="[274,422,1300,1326]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D78FD1BFF8CFFE8FE5A5424F456FA8F" box="[436,591,1299,1326]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
) a posterior lobe with few or barely rounded lateral borders:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FD995404F510FAEC" authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1975" box="[631,777,1331,1357]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="congolensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FD995404F510FAEC" box="[631,777,1331,1357]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">T. congolensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FF5B5463F477FACC" authority="(Gaudry, 1890)" baseAuthorityName="Gaudry" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[181,622,1363,1389]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Eotaphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ambiguus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FF5B5463F7A0FACC" box="[181,441,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">Eotaphrosphys ambiguus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8CFFE8FE265463F47EFACC" author="GAUDRY A." box="[456,615,1363,1389]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" refId="ref20339" refString="GAUDRY A. 1890. - Les enchainements du monde animal dans les temps geologiques. Fossiles secondaires. F. Savy, Paris, 323 p. https: // gallica. bnf. fr / ark: / 12148 / bpt 6 k 62124748" type="book" year="1890">Gaudry, 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8CFFE8FD915463F4E6FACC" author="BROIN F. DE" box="[639,767,1363,1389]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" refId="ref18982" refString="BROIN F. DE 1977. - Contribution a l'etude des Cheloniens. Cheloniens continentaux du Cretace et du Tertiaire de France. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 366 p. (Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, ser. C, Sciences de la Terre; Vol. 38). https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 58317560" type="book" year="1977">Broin 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8CFFE8FF6A5444F796FA2C" author="MONTENAT C. & MERLE D. & COORD" box="[132,399,1395,1422]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" refId="ref21445" refString="MONTENAT C. & MERLE D. (COORD.) 2018. - Stratotype Danien. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, Biotope, Meze; Brgm, Orleans, 480 p. (Patrimoine geologique; 9)." type="book" year="2018">Montenat & Merle 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Pérez-García 2018b; Pérez-García
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FF6A54A4F6A5FA0C" box="[132,188,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FEF754A4F793FA0C" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[281,394,1427,1453]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FEF754A4F793FA0C" box="[281,394,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as it is reconstructed in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8CFFE8FD5F54A3F6CAFA6C" author="GAFFNEY E. S." pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref19658" refString="GAFFNEY E. S. 1975. - A revision of the side-necked turtle Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy) from the Cretaceous of New Jersey. American Museum Novitates 2571: 1 - 24. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2246 / 5459" type="journal article" year="1975">Gaffney (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, on the base of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58830FF8CFFE8FE545483F416FA6C" box="[442,527,1459,1485]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
xiphiplastron and on the other New Jersey fragmentary specimens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8CFFE8FD6154E3F4E5FA4C" author="HAY O. P." box="[655,764,1491,1517]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" pagination="1 - 568" refId="ref20577" refString="HAY O. P. 1908. - The FossilTurtles of North America. Publications of the Carnegie Institution 75: 1 - 568. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12500" type="journal article" year="1908">Hay1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), has a posterior lobe anal part with a slightly concave lateral border and it is more or less narrowed: that has a possible sexual variability.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FEAF5702F4D5F9EC" authority="(Schmidt, 1931)" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[321,716,1586,1613]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Motelomama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olssini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FEAF5702F408F9ED" box="[321,529,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">Motelomama olssini</emphasis>
|
||
(Schmidt, 1931)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Eocene of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3697602FF8CFFE8FEF55763F749F9CC" box="[283,336,1619,1645]" name="Peru" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and the Ypresian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FDFD5762F476F9CD" authorityName="Bergounioux" authorityYear="1952" box="[531,623,1618,1644]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Eusarkia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FDFD5762F476F9CD" box="[531,623,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">Eusarkia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FD685762F4E2F9CD" authorityName="Stefano" authorityYear="1903" box="[646,763,1618,1644]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Gafsachelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FD685762F4E2F9CD" box="[646,763,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">Gafsachelys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” group from Gafsa (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8CFFE8FEBD5742F406F92C" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[339,543,1650,1677]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" pagination="377 - 396" refId="ref18794" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1952. - Les Cheloniens fossiles de Gafsa, in ARAMBOURG C. & SIGNEUX J., Les Vertebres fossiles des gisements de Phosphates (Maroc-Algerie-Tunisie). Notes et Memoires du Service geologique du Maroc 92, appendix: 377 - 396." type="journal article" year="1952">Bergounioux 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8CFFE8FDC25742F47CF92C" author="BERGOUNIOUX F. M." box="[556,613,1650,1677]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref18844" refString="BERGOUNIOUX F. M. 1956. - Les reptiles fossiles des depots phosphates sud tunisiens. Annales des Mines et de la Geologie 15: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1956">1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), share a wider posterior lobe at its base and also a narrowed rounded anal part. As far as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FECC5782F769F96D" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[290,368,1714,1740]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FECC5782F769F96D" box="[290,368,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8CFFE8FE965783F417F96C" box="[376,526,1715,1741]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is concerned, the posterior lobe has a weak progressive convexity of the lateral borders, which is similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FE1357C2F4E7F8AD" baseAuthorityName="Gaudry" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[509,766,1778,1804]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Eotaphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ambiguus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FE1357C2F4E7F8AD" box="[509,766,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">Eotaphrosphys ambiguus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: this is a less derived feature than a wide and more rounded lobe border and a more narrowed anal part, as present in the other above cited species. In a cladistic analysis, it simply represents a primitive character and not a derived shared character by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FE8B56A2F7ACF80A" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[357,437,1938,1964]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FE8B56A2F7ACF80A" box="[357,437,1938,1964]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8CFFE8FE5256A2F44FF80D" box="[444,598,1938,1964]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FD7E56A2F519F80A" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[656,768,1937,1963]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FD7E56A2F519F80A" box="[656,768,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The taphrosphyine anal notch is differently deep, rounded or straight and wide or narrow, often concave with pointed extremities, varying in each species: it varies from primitively wide and very short in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FBD551C8F2DDFEB0" baseAuthorityName="Gaudry" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1083,1220,247,273]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Eotaphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ambiguus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FBD551C8F2DDFEB0" box="[1083,1220,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">E. ambiguus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B63FF8CFFE8FB3A51C8F57FFE90" author="MONTENAT C. & MERLE D. & COORD" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" refId="ref21445" refString="MONTENAT C. & MERLE D. (COORD.) 2018. - Stratotype Danien. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, Biotope, Meze; Brgm, Orleans, 480 p. (Patrimoine geologique; 9)." type="book" year="2018">Montenat & Merle 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 164C), slightly more concave (and variably wide) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FCA45008F5A3FEF0" authorityName=", AMNH" authorityYear="2522" box="[842,954,311,337]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Taphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FCA45008F5A3FEF0" box="[842,954,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">T. sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and up to narrower and longer in
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FAD25008F3A9FEF0" box="[1340,1456,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FAD25008F3B5FEF0" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[1340,1452,311,337]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Motelomama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olssoni">M. olssoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The anal notch of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FC015067F225FED0" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1007,1084,343,369]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FC015067F225FED0" box="[1007,1084,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8CFFE8FBAD5067F2CCFED0" box="[1091,1237,343,369]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is incomplete: from the remaining border, it was probably morphologically close to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FC4A50A7F230FE11" baseAuthorityName="Gaudry" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[932,1065,406,433]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Eotaphrosphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ambiguus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FC4A50A7F5ABFE11" box="[932,946,407,432]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FC2D50A6F230FE11" box="[963,1065,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">ambiguus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in length and width, possibly not concave with not pointed ends, and then probably relatively primitive among bothremydids. The inner face not being visible in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FC7850C7F5FDFDB1" authority="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi, 2021" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[918,996,503,529]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ragei" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FC7850C7F5FDFDB1" box="[918,996,503,529]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">S. ragei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957FBFF8CFFE8FC0250C7F29AFDB0" box="[1004,1155,503,529]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, it cannot be appreciated if there was a taphrosphyine ischiatic scar with its characteristic rounded spot; the extremity of the plastron is broken at the ischiatic suture, and, looking in posterior view, it does not seem the spot was present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC13692FF8CFFE8FCAA53A6F28CFC2E" blockId="19.[810,1456,215,911]" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">
|
||
Finally, although similarities with bothremydid species, which share the same “generalized anterior lobe scute pattern” with a weak (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FC6A53E5F22AFD51" authorityName="Nopcsa" authorityYear="1931" box="[900,1075,725,752]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Elochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perfecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FC6A53E5F22AFD51" box="[900,1075,725,752]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">Elochelys perfecta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) to more strongly protruded (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FA9853E6F5ABFCAE" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1852" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leithii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FA9853E6F5ABFCAE" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">Carteremys leithii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FBEB53C5F2BDFCB1" authorityName="Gaffney, Tong & Meylan" authorityYear="2006" box="[1029,1188,757,784]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Taphrosphyini">Taphrosphyini</taxonomicName>
|
||
) decoration or without a decoration (“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FC595226F231FC91" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="1953" box="[951,1064,790,816]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Carteremys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FC595226F231FC91" box="[951,1064,790,816]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">Carteremys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FBD75225F2BFFC8E" box="[1081,1190,789,815]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">pisdurensis</emphasis>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D11FF8CFFE8FB545225F323FC8E" authorityName="Broin & Métais & Bartolini & Brohi & Lashari & Marivaux & Merle & Warar & Solangi" authorityYear="2021" box="[1210,1338,789,815]" class="Reptilia" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Sindhochelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEA80FF8CFFE8FB545225F323FC8E" box="[1210,1338,789,815]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="1358">Sindhochelys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is different from all bothremydids together by the shape of the shell, its decoration and its unique scute/suture relations, particularly in the anterior lobe scute pattern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |