396 lines
48 KiB
XML
396 lines
48 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8bdbd00b-4927-4adb-9609-0cc35e1a7920" ID-PMC="PMC9005471" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1090-161" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1E6F228182BA5078A6144181DB93F0DE" ID-PubMed="35586844" ID-ZooBank="3B13C71EE11B49D2891C050DBD514872" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1090-161" checkinTime="1648647504971" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Nethupul, Hasitha, Stoehr, Sabine & Zhang, Haibin" docDate="2022" docId="0F632D74B93359219C03B674FFFE18FD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1090: 161-216" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1090" docPubDate="2022-03-30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292" docTitle="Astrodendrum sagaminum" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="1E6F228182BA5078A6144181DB93F0DE" lastPageNumber="161" masterDocId="1E6F228182BA5078A6144181DB93F0DE" masterDocTitle="Order Euryalida (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea), new species and new records from the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific seamounts" masterLastPageNumber="216" masterPageNumber="161" pageNumber="161" updateTime="1668151560559" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Order Euryalida (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea), new species and new records from the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific seamounts</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nethupul, Hasitha</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0590-2719</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, 57200 Sanya, China & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Stoehr, Sabine</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2586-7239</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Swedish Museum of Natural History, Dept of Zoology, Box 50007, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zhang, Haibin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5429-9851</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, 57200 Sanya, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">hzhang@idsse.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-03-30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1090</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>161</mods:start>
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<mods:end>216</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1090-161</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3B13C71EE11B49D2891C050DBD514872</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">1E6F228182BA5078A6144181DB93F0DE</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="194310887" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F632D74B93359219C03B674FFFE18FD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F632D74B93359219C03B674FFFE18FD" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<taxonomicName LSID="0F632D74-B933-5921-9C03-B674FFFE18FD" authority="(Doederlein, 1902)" baseAuthorityName="Doederlein" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrodendrum" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Astrodendrum sagaminum" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sagaminum">
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Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Döderlein">Doederlein</normalizedToken>
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, 1902)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc (center) D dorsal disc (distal edge) E radial shield F, G ventral disc H oral frame I, J ventral view of arm base K ventral view of after second arm branch L, M dorsal view of second arm branch N lateral view of arm (middle) O lateral view of arm (pedicellariae with baseplate) P, Q variations of arm spine on distal end of the arm. Abbreviations: ars arm spine, co conical ossicles gs genital slit, os oral shield, peb = pedicellarial band, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 16 mm (A, B); 2 mm (C, D, F, L); 1 mm (E, H-K, M, N); 500 µm (G, O); 200 µm (P, Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665896" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figures 20</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A lateral arm plate (middle) B plan view of baseplate C pedicellariae D arm spine on distal end E-J vertebrae on middle half of arm E proximal view of branch vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view K-N vertebrae on distal end of arm K distal view L proximal view M lateral view N ventral view. Abbreviations: ap articular pad of the base, au auricle, d dorsal, dist distal, fo foramina of the base, fs fossa between adjacent tubercles, hd head of the apophysis, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pd pedicel of the apophysis, prox proximal, pt primary tooth of the blade, sh sheath of the baseplate, su sulcus of tubercle head, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (E-J); 500 µm (A, B); 300 µm (K-N); 200 µm (D); 80 µm (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665897" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">, 21</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Doederlein" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrodendrum" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Astrodendrum sagaminum" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sagaminum">Astrodendrum sagaminum</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Döderlein">Doederlein</normalizedToken>
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, 1902: 321-322; 1911: 38-39, figs 2, 3-5, 7, 8; 1927: 32, 92; H.L.
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.03629236.75.1" author="Clark, HL" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution United States National Museum Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="1 - 302" refId="B8" refString="Clark, HL, 1911. North Pacific Ophiurans in the collection of the United States National Museum. Smithsonian Institution United States National Museum Bulletin 75: 1 - 302, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.03629236.75.1" title="North Pacific Ophiurans in the collection of the United States National Museum." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.03629236.75.1" volume="75" year="1911">Clark 1911</bibRefCitation>
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: 292-293; A. H.
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222931608693831" author="Clark, AH" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="115 - 122" refId="B6" refString="Clark, AH, 1916a. XV. One new starfish and five new brittle stars from the Galapagos Islands. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 18: 115 - 122, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222931608693831" title="XV. One new starfish and five new brittle stars from the Galapagos Islands." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222931608693831" volume="18" year="1916 a">Clark 1916a</bibRefCitation>
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: 185;
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<bibRefCitation author="Liao, Y" journalOrPublisher="Fauna Sinica: Zoology of China Invertebrates" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="1 - 305" refId="B33" refString="Liao, Y, 2004. Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea. Fauna Sinica: Zoology of China Invertebrates 40: 1 - 305" title="Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea." volume="40" year="2004">Liao 2004</bibRefCitation>
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: 109-111, fig. 52.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" country="China" location="China" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
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•
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<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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; South
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation accessionNumber="OK044304" collectingDate="2020-08-09" country="China" county="Zhongsha Islands" elevation="1619" latitude="16.3685" location="Sea" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="116.11" municipality="East" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F632D74B93359219C03B674FFFE18FD:C3EDA435952D80627224AD5B63683D12" country="China" county="Zhongsha Islands" latitude="16.3685" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="116.11" municipality="East" name="Sea">Sea</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>East</collectingMunicipality>
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side from
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<collectingCounty>Zhongsha Islands</collectingCounty>
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, seamount;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="22.11" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="16.3685">16°22.11'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="06.60" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="116.11">116°06.60'E</geoCoordinate>
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; depth
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.619" unit="m" value="1619.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.619" unit="m" value="1619.0">1619 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2020-08-09">09 Aug. 2020</collectingDate>
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; Collecting event: stn. SC028;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Shenhaiyongshi’">'Shenhaiyongshi'</normalizedToken>
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msv leg; preserved in -80 °C; GenBank:
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<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/OK044304">OK044304</accessionNumber>
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; IDSSE-EEB-SW0104
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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Disc diameter 62 mm (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc (center) D dorsal disc (distal edge) E radial shield F, G ventral disc H oral frame I, J ventral view of arm base K ventral view of after second arm branch L, M dorsal view of second arm branch N lateral view of arm (middle) O lateral view of arm (pedicellariae with baseplate) P, Q variations of arm spine on distal end of the arm. Abbreviations: ars arm spine, co conical ossicles gs genital slit, os oral shield, peb = pedicellarial band, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 16 mm (A, B); 2 mm (C, D, F, L); 1 mm (E, H-K, M, N); 500 µm (G, O); 200 µm (P, Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665896" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">20A, B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Disc</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Dorsal disc slightly inflated, swollen in the center (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc (center) D dorsal disc (distal edge) E radial shield F, G ventral disc H oral frame I, J ventral view of arm base K ventral view of after second arm branch L, M dorsal view of second arm branch N lateral view of arm (middle) O lateral view of arm (pedicellariae with baseplate) P, Q variations of arm spine on distal end of the arm. Abbreviations: ars arm spine, co conical ossicles gs genital slit, os oral shield, peb = pedicellarial band, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 16 mm (A, B); 2 mm (C, D, F, L); 1 mm (E, H-K, M, N); 500 µm (G, O); 200 µm (P, Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665896" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">20A, B</figureCitation>
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). Radial shields elongated, tapered at proximal end, extending to center of disc (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc (center) D dorsal disc (distal edge) E radial shield F, G ventral disc H oral frame I, J ventral view of arm base K ventral view of after second arm branch L, M dorsal view of second arm branch N lateral view of arm (middle) O lateral view of arm (pedicellariae with baseplate) P, Q variations of arm spine on distal end of the arm. Abbreviations: ars arm spine, co conical ossicles gs genital slit, os oral shield, peb = pedicellarial band, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 16 mm (A, B); 2 mm (C, D, F, L); 1 mm (E, H-K, M, N); 500 µm (G, O); 200 µm (P, Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665896" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">20C, D</figureCitation>
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). Entire disc covered by skin with conical ossicles of various size (0.4-0.7 mm high) and widely separated and scattered (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc (center) D dorsal disc (distal edge) E radial shield F, G ventral disc H oral frame I, J ventral view of arm base K ventral view of after second arm branch L, M dorsal view of second arm branch N lateral view of arm (middle) O lateral view of arm (pedicellariae with baseplate) P, Q variations of arm spine on distal end of the arm. Abbreviations: ars arm spine, co conical ossicles gs genital slit, os oral shield, peb = pedicellarial band, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 16 mm (A, B); 2 mm (C, D, F, L); 1 mm (E, H-K, M, N); 500 µm (G, O); 200 µm (P, Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665896" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">20C-E</figureCitation>
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). Genital slits conspicuous, interradial margin covered by two rows of higher than wide conical ossicles (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc (center) D dorsal disc (distal edge) E radial shield F, G ventral disc H oral frame I, J ventral view of arm base K ventral view of after second arm branch L, M dorsal view of second arm branch N lateral view of arm (middle) O lateral view of arm (pedicellariae with baseplate) P, Q variations of arm spine on distal end of the arm. Abbreviations: ars arm spine, co conical ossicles gs genital slit, os oral shield, peb = pedicellarial band, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 16 mm (A, B); 2 mm (C, D, F, L); 1 mm (E, H-K, M, N); 500 µm (G, O); 200 µm (P, Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665896" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">20F, G</figureCitation>
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). Ventral disc almost naked, but micro-granular ossicles visible on oral region (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Asterostegus maini McKnight, 2003 (A-M IDSSE-EEB-SW 0076 N-P IDSSE-EEB-SW 0075) A dorsal view B center of dorsal disc C dorsal disc (distal end of radial shields) D ventral disc E, F oral frame G lateral disc H dorsal arm (proximal) I dorsal arm (distal) J lateral arm (proximal) K ventral arm (middle) L, M arm spines (distal) N oral frame O periphery of the disc P oral frame (small transparent ossicles). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, j jaw, mp median plate, oip oral interradial plate, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore, ts tentacle scale. Scale bars: 6 mm (A); 2 mm (B-H, N); 1 mm (I-K, O, P); 500 µm (L); 200 µm (M)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665894" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">18H</figureCitation>
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). Oral area covered by smooth skin with few scattered small granular ossicles, exposing adoral and oral shield outlines (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc (center) D dorsal disc (distal edge) E radial shield F, G ventral disc H oral frame I, J ventral view of arm base K ventral view of after second arm branch L, M dorsal view of second arm branch N lateral view of arm (middle) O lateral view of arm (pedicellariae with baseplate) P, Q variations of arm spine on distal end of the arm. Abbreviations: ars arm spine, co conical ossicles gs genital slit, os oral shield, peb = pedicellarial band, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 16 mm (A, B); 2 mm (C, D, F, L); 1 mm (E, H-K, M, N); 500 µm (G, O); 200 µm (P, Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665896" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">20H</figureCitation>
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). Oral plates flat, polygonal, and slightly in contact with adoral shields (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc (center) D dorsal disc (distal edge) E radial shield F, G ventral disc H oral frame I, J ventral view of arm base K ventral view of after second arm branch L, M dorsal view of second arm branch N lateral view of arm (middle) O lateral view of arm (pedicellariae with baseplate) P, Q variations of arm spine on distal end of the arm. Abbreviations: ars arm spine, co conical ossicles gs genital slit, os oral shield, peb = pedicellarial band, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 16 mm (A, B); 2 mm (C, D, F, L); 1 mm (E, H-K, M, N); 500 µm (G, O); 200 µm (P, Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665896" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">20H</figureCitation>
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). Adoral shields short, square. Oral papillae and teeth spiniform (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc (center) D dorsal disc (distal edge) E radial shield F, G ventral disc H oral frame I, J ventral view of arm base K ventral view of after second arm branch L, M dorsal view of second arm branch N lateral view of arm (middle) O lateral view of arm (pedicellariae with baseplate) P, Q variations of arm spine on distal end of the arm. Abbreviations: ars arm spine, co conical ossicles gs genital slit, os oral shield, peb = pedicellarial band, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 16 mm (A, B); 2 mm (C, D, F, L); 1 mm (E, H-K, M, N); 500 µm (G, O); 200 µm (P, Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665896" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">20H</figureCitation>
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), several vertical rows of teeth on dental plate (possibly tooth papillae at ventral edge).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665896" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Figure 20" startId="F20">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figure 20.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Doederlein" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrodendrum" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Astrodendrum sagaminum" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sagaminum">Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Döderlein">Doederlein</normalizedToken>
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, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW0104)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">B</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">C</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal disc (center)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">D</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal disc (distal edge)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">E</emphasis>
|
||
radial shield
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">F, G</emphasis>
|
||
ventral disc
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">H</emphasis>
|
||
oral frame
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">I, J</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view of arm base
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">K</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view of after second arm branch
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">L, M</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view of second arm branch
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">N</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view of arm (middle)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">O</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view of arm (pedicellariae with baseplate)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">P, Q</emphasis>
|
||
variations of arm spine on distal end of the arm. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">ars</emphasis>
|
||
arm spine,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">co</emphasis>
|
||
conical ossicles
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">gs</emphasis>
|
||
genital slit,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">os</emphasis>
|
||
oral shield,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">peb</emphasis>
|
||
= pedicellarial band,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">rs</emphasis>
|
||
radial shield,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">t</emphasis>
|
||
teeth,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">tp</emphasis>
|
||
tentacle pore. Scale bars: 16 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
); 2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">C, D, F, L</emphasis>
|
||
); 1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">E, H-K, M, N</emphasis>
|
||
); 500
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G, O</emphasis>
|
||
); 200
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">P, Q</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Arms</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Arms branched at least eight to nine times, flexible dorso-ventrally, flat ventrally, arched dorsally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc (center) D dorsal disc (distal edge) E radial shield F, G ventral disc H oral frame I, J ventral view of arm base K ventral view of after second arm branch L, M dorsal view of second arm branch N lateral view of arm (middle) O lateral view of arm (pedicellariae with baseplate) P, Q variations of arm spine on distal end of the arm. Abbreviations: ars arm spine, co conical ossicles gs genital slit, os oral shield, peb = pedicellarial band, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 16 mm (A, B); 2 mm (C, D, F, L); 1 mm (E, H-K, M, N); 500 µm (G, O); 200 µm (P, Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665896" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">20I-N</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral arm surface covered by smooth skin; proximal half with widely scattered small, flat, polygonal granular ossicles (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc (center) D dorsal disc (distal edge) E radial shield F, G ventral disc H oral frame I, J ventral view of arm base K ventral view of after second arm branch L, M dorsal view of second arm branch N lateral view of arm (middle) O lateral view of arm (pedicellariae with baseplate) P, Q variations of arm spine on distal end of the arm. Abbreviations: ars arm spine, co conical ossicles gs genital slit, os oral shield, peb = pedicellarial band, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 16 mm (A, B); 2 mm (C, D, F, L); 1 mm (E, H-K, M, N); 500 µm (G, O); 200 µm (P, Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665896" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">20I-K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal arm surface covered by polygonal or domed plates and between these pedicellarial bands (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc (center) D dorsal disc (distal edge) E radial shield F, G ventral disc H oral frame I, J ventral view of arm base K ventral view of after second arm branch L, M dorsal view of second arm branch N lateral view of arm (middle) O lateral view of arm (pedicellariae with baseplate) P, Q variations of arm spine on distal end of the arm. Abbreviations: ars arm spine, co conical ossicles gs genital slit, os oral shield, peb = pedicellarial band, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 16 mm (A, B); 2 mm (C, D, F, L); 1 mm (E, H-K, M, N); 500 µm (G, O); 200 µm (P, Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665896" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">20L-O</figureCitation>
|
||
) that appear after second arm fork, covering whole lateral to dorsal area of arm, creating annulated appearance (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc (center) D dorsal disc (distal edge) E radial shield F, G ventral disc H oral frame I, J ventral view of arm base K ventral view of after second arm branch L, M dorsal view of second arm branch N lateral view of arm (middle) O lateral view of arm (pedicellariae with baseplate) P, Q variations of arm spine on distal end of the arm. Abbreviations: ars arm spine, co conical ossicles gs genital slit, os oral shield, peb = pedicellarial band, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 16 mm (A, B); 2 mm (C, D, F, L); 1 mm (E, H-K, M, N); 500 µm (G, O); 200 µm (P, Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665896" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">20L</figureCitation>
|
||
). First arm segment lacks spines, next four to six with two arm spines, thereafter two or three arm spines per segment (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc (center) D dorsal disc (distal edge) E radial shield F, G ventral disc H oral frame I, J ventral view of arm base K ventral view of after second arm branch L, M dorsal view of second arm branch N lateral view of arm (middle) O lateral view of arm (pedicellariae with baseplate) P, Q variations of arm spine on distal end of the arm. Abbreviations: ars arm spine, co conical ossicles gs genital slit, os oral shield, peb = pedicellarial band, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 16 mm (A, B); 2 mm (C, D, F, L); 1 mm (E, H-K, M, N); 500 µm (G, O); 200 µm (P, Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665896" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">20I-K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral arm spines similar in size, smaller, unevenly pointed, distally turning into hooks with 2-3 secondary teeth (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc (center) D dorsal disc (distal edge) E radial shield F, G ventral disc H oral frame I, J ventral view of arm base K ventral view of after second arm branch L, M dorsal view of second arm branch N lateral view of arm (middle) O lateral view of arm (pedicellariae with baseplate) P, Q variations of arm spine on distal end of the arm. Abbreviations: ars arm spine, co conical ossicles gs genital slit, os oral shield, peb = pedicellarial band, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 16 mm (A, B); 2 mm (C, D, F, L); 1 mm (E, H-K, M, N); 500 µm (G, O); 200 µm (P, Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665896" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">20K, P, Q</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Color</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In live specimen, whole specimen brown, but radial shields, oral regions, and ventral arms lighter than disc (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc (center) D dorsal disc (distal edge) E radial shield F, G ventral disc H oral frame I, J ventral view of arm base K ventral view of after second arm branch L, M dorsal view of second arm branch N lateral view of arm (middle) O lateral view of arm (pedicellariae with baseplate) P, Q variations of arm spine on distal end of the arm. Abbreviations: ars arm spine, co conical ossicles gs genital slit, os oral shield, peb = pedicellarial band, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 16 mm (A, B); 2 mm (C, D, F, L); 1 mm (E, H-K, M, N); 500 µm (G, O); 200 µm (P, Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665896" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">20</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="ossicle morphology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Ossicle morphology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
On middle half of arm, lateral arm plates with perforations on ventral side, large muscle opening and small nerve opening (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A lateral arm plate (middle) B plan view of baseplate C pedicellariae D arm spine on distal end E-J vertebrae on middle half of arm E proximal view of branch vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view K-N vertebrae on distal end of arm K distal view L proximal view M lateral view N ventral view. Abbreviations: ap articular pad of the base, au auricle, d dorsal, dist distal, fo foramina of the base, fs fossa between adjacent tubercles, hd head of the apophysis, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pd pedicel of the apophysis, prox proximal, pt primary tooth of the blade, sh sheath of the baseplate, su sulcus of tubercle head, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (E-J); 500 µm (A, B); 300 µm (K-N); 200 µm (D); 80 µm (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665897" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">21A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pedicellarial bands formed by approximately 12 articulating tubercles at curved distal end of baseplate and these articulations have a single foramen per tubercle for pedicellariae with one secondary tooth (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A lateral arm plate (middle) B plan view of baseplate C pedicellariae D arm spine on distal end E-J vertebrae on middle half of arm E proximal view of branch vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view K-N vertebrae on distal end of arm K distal view L proximal view M lateral view N ventral view. Abbreviations: ap articular pad of the base, au auricle, d dorsal, dist distal, fo foramina of the base, fs fossa between adjacent tubercles, hd head of the apophysis, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pd pedicel of the apophysis, prox proximal, pt primary tooth of the blade, sh sheath of the baseplate, su sulcus of tubercle head, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (E-J); 500 µm (A, B); 300 µm (K-N); 200 µm (D); 80 µm (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665897" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">21B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral arm spines on distal end of arm transformed into hook with two or three secondary teeth (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A lateral arm plate (middle) B plan view of baseplate C pedicellariae D arm spine on distal end E-J vertebrae on middle half of arm E proximal view of branch vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view K-N vertebrae on distal end of arm K distal view L proximal view M lateral view N ventral view. Abbreviations: ap articular pad of the base, au auricle, d dorsal, dist distal, fo foramina of the base, fs fossa between adjacent tubercles, hd head of the apophysis, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pd pedicel of the apophysis, prox proximal, pt primary tooth of the blade, sh sheath of the baseplate, su sulcus of tubercle head, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (E-J); 500 µm (A, B); 300 µm (K-N); 200 µm (D); 80 µm (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665897" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">21D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pedicellariae differ from ventral arm spine by having smooth apophysis (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A lateral arm plate (middle) B plan view of baseplate C pedicellariae D arm spine on distal end E-J vertebrae on middle half of arm E proximal view of branch vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view K-N vertebrae on distal end of arm K distal view L proximal view M lateral view N ventral view. Abbreviations: ap articular pad of the base, au auricle, d dorsal, dist distal, fo foramina of the base, fs fossa between adjacent tubercles, hd head of the apophysis, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pd pedicel of the apophysis, prox proximal, pt primary tooth of the blade, sh sheath of the baseplate, su sulcus of tubercle head, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (E-J); 500 µm (A, B); 300 µm (K-N); 200 µm (D); 80 µm (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665897" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">21C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Vertebrae with streptospondylous articulation with smooth lateral furrows and paired openings in lateral side of vertebrae for lateral ambulacral canals, no oral bridge (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A lateral arm plate (middle) B plan view of baseplate C pedicellariae D arm spine on distal end E-J vertebrae on middle half of arm E proximal view of branch vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view K-N vertebrae on distal end of arm K distal view L proximal view M lateral view N ventral view. Abbreviations: ap articular pad of the base, au auricle, d dorsal, dist distal, fo foramina of the base, fs fossa between adjacent tubercles, hd head of the apophysis, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pd pedicel of the apophysis, prox proximal, pt primary tooth of the blade, sh sheath of the baseplate, su sulcus of tubercle head, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (E-J); 500 µm (A, B); 300 µm (K-N); 200 µm (D); 80 µm (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665897" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">21F-N</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665897" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Figure 21" startId="F21">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figure 21.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Doederlein" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrodendrum" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Astrodendrum sagaminum" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sagaminum">Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Döderlein">Doederlein</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW0104)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A</emphasis>
|
||
lateral arm plate (middle)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">B</emphasis>
|
||
plan view of baseplate
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">C</emphasis>
|
||
pedicellariae
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">D</emphasis>
|
||
arm spine on distal end
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">E-J</emphasis>
|
||
vertebrae on middle half of arm
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">E</emphasis>
|
||
proximal view of branch vertebrae
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">F</emphasis>
|
||
proximal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G</emphasis>
|
||
distal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">H</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">I</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">J</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">K-N</emphasis>
|
||
vertebrae on distal end of arm
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">K</emphasis>
|
||
distal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">L</emphasis>
|
||
proximal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">M</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">N</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">ap</emphasis>
|
||
articular pad of the base,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">au</emphasis>
|
||
auricle,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">d</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">dist</emphasis>
|
||
distal,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">fo</emphasis>
|
||
foramina of the base,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">fs</emphasis>
|
||
fossa between adjacent tubercles,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">hd</emphasis>
|
||
head of the apophysis,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">lac</emphasis>
|
||
lateral ambulacral canals,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">mo</emphasis>
|
||
muscle opening,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">no</emphasis>
|
||
nerve opening,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">pd</emphasis>
|
||
pedicel of the apophysis,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">prox</emphasis>
|
||
proximal,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">pt</emphasis>
|
||
primary tooth of the blade,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">sh</emphasis>
|
||
sheath of the baseplate,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">su</emphasis>
|
||
sulcus of tubercle head,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">v</emphasis>
|
||
ventral. Scale bars: 800
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">E-J</emphasis>
|
||
); 500
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
); 300
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">K-N</emphasis>
|
||
); 200
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">D</emphasis>
|
||
); 80
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">C</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">90-1300 m depth. South China Sea, Japan, East China Sea, Sri Lanka.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
The specimen is similar to the holotype description by
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Döderlein">Doederlein</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1902), and the redescriptions of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Doederlein, L" journalOrPublisher="Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Suppl" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="1 - 123" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16339443" refId="B14" refString="Doederlein, L, 1911. Ueber japanische und andere Euryalae. Abhandlungen der math. phys. Klasse der K. Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Suppl 5: 1 - 123, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16339443" title="Ueber japanische und andere Euryalae. Abhandlungen der math. phys. Klasse der K." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16339443" volume="5" year="1911">
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Döderlein">Doederlein</normalizedToken>
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(1911
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783486755459" author="Doederlein, L" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der wissenschaften" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="1 - 106" refId="B15" refString="Doederlein, L, 1927. Indopacifische Euryalae. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der wissenschaften 31: 1 - 106, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783486755459" title="Indopacifische Euryalae." url="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783486755459" volume="31" year="1927">1927</bibRefCitation>
|
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),
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<bibRefCitation author="Liao, Y" journalOrPublisher="Fauna Sinica: Zoology of China Invertebrates" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="1 - 305" refId="B33" refString="Liao, Y, 2004. Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea. Fauna Sinica: Zoology of China Invertebrates 40: 1 - 305" title="Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea." volume="40" year="2004">Liao (2004)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4392.2.4" author="Okanishi, M" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="289 - 310" refId="B62" refString="Okanishi, M, Fujita, T, 2018. A taxonomic review of the genus Astrodendrum (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea, Euryalida, Gorgonocephalidae) with description of a new species from Japan. Zootaxa 4392: 289 - 310, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4392.2.4" title="A taxonomic review of the genus Astrodendrum (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea, Euryalida, Gorgonocephalidae) with description of a new species from Japan." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4392.2.4" volume="4392" year="2018">Okanishi and Fujita (2018)</bibRefCitation>
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, but showed some morphological variations especially on the disc (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Astrodendrum cf. sagaminum (Doederlein, 1902) (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0104) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc (center) D dorsal disc (distal edge) E radial shield F, G ventral disc H oral frame I, J ventral view of arm base K ventral view of after second arm branch L, M dorsal view of second arm branch N lateral view of arm (middle) O lateral view of arm (pedicellariae with baseplate) P, Q variations of arm spine on distal end of the arm. Abbreviations: ars arm spine, co conical ossicles gs genital slit, os oral shield, peb = pedicellarial band, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 16 mm (A, B); 2 mm (C, D, F, L); 1 mm (E, H-K, M, N); 500 µm (G, O); 200 µm (P, Q)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665896" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">20</figureCitation>
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). Therefore, we hesitate to fully associate our specimen with
|
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Doederlein" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrodendrum" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Astrodendrum sagaminum" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sagaminum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Astrodendrum sagaminum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. All descriptions mentioned granules on both dorsal and ventral disc, but in the present specimen, the dorsal disc is covered with widely separated conical stump-like granules and the ventral disc is covered with widely scattered micro-polygonal ossicle plates in naked skin. However,
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.10423763" author="Baker, AN" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="11 - 83" refId="B2" refString="Baker, AN, 1980. Euryalinid Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from Australia, New Zealand, and the south-west Pacific Ocean. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 7: 11 - 83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.10423763" title="Euryalinid Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from Australia, New Zealand, and the south-west Pacific Ocean." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.10423763" volume="7" year="1980">Baker (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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mentioned that the granular pattern on the disc was not a suitable morphological feature to delimit species in the genus
|
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Gorgonocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gorgonocephalus" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Gorgonocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
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. This is the first record of
|
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Doederlein" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrodendrum" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Astrodendrum sagaminum" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sagaminum">
|
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Astrodendrum sagaminum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
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from the South China Sea, if this is indeed that species.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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</treatment>
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</document> |