271 lines
30 KiB
XML
271 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.221.3234" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b6521187-a030-4b18-8f9d-f35084c9336a" ID-PMC="PMC3487634" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-221-31" ID-PubMed="23129980" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-221-31" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 221" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the Megachile subgenus Litomegachile Mitchell with an illustrated key and description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae, Megachilini)" checkinTime="1451248746570" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bzdyk, Emily L." docDate="2012" docId="26FCFB77BB4EB874BCD0BECF3DA3E8C2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 221: 31-61" docOrigin="ZooKeys 221" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.221.3234" docTitle="Megachile (Litomegachile) texana Cresson 1878" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="52" masterDocId="CB68FFB2082C476FFFF5FFD7FFFB0B6B" masterDocTitle="A revision of the Megachile subgenus Litomegachile Mitchell with an illustrated key and description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae, Megachilini)" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1668154456179" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of the Megachile subgenus Litomegachile Mitchell with an illustrated key and description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae, Megachilini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bzdyk, Emily L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>221</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>31</mods:start>
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<mods:end>61</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.221.3234</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.221.3234</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-221-31</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152037033" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26FCFB77BB4EB874BCD0BECF3DA3E8C2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/26FCFB77BB4EB874BCD0BECF3DA3E8C2" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="19" pageNumber="50">
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Megachile_texana" authority="Cresson, 1878" authorityName="Cresson" authorityYear="1878" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile (Litomegachile) texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana" subGenus="Litomegachile">Megachile (Litomegachile) texana Cresson, 1878</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="50" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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Cresson, 1878: 125. Holotype male, USA: Texas (ANSP).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile generosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="generosa">Megachile generosa</taxonomicName>
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Cresson, 1878: 125. Holotype female, USA: Georgia (ANSP).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile cleomis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cleomis">Megachile cleomis</taxonomicName>
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Cockerell, 1900: 13. Lectotype female (here designated), "USA: NM, E. Las Vegas, July 15 '99 Collector: A. Garlick, on Cleome" (UCMC).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile pruinosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosa">Megachile pruinosa</taxonomicName>
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Friese, 1903: 246. Syntypes male female, (Repository?). Nec. Perez 1897.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile vernonensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vernonensis">Megachile vernonensis</taxonomicName>
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Cockerell, 1912: 354. Holotype male, CANADA: British Columbia (Repository?).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="19" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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is most similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
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in size and appearance. The chief differences are pubescence coloration and some structural differences in the transverse carina on T6 of the male.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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females have more black setae and pubescence apparent laterally on T2-T6 than
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
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which only has black setae on T4-T6.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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males also have black pubescence on the mesonotum and T2, while
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
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has only white pubescence. Both
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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have a transverse carina on T6 with a distinct deep medial notch and jagged projections.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="51" start="start">These</pageBreakToken>
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carina projections tend to be shorter in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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, whereas the carina of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
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often has long
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“fingerlike”">"fingerlike"</normalizedToken>
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projections.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="51">Female. Body length11-14 mm. Mandible 4-toothed, with no angulation between teeth 3 and 4 (Figure 4A). T2-4 with deep transverse basal grooves. T1-5 with apical fringes of white hair covering marginal zone. T1 with black discal pubescence medially, white pubescence laterally. T2-5 with black discal pubescence and setae (Figure 5K). T6 with pale appressed pubescence and erect black setae basally. T6 deeply and evenly concave in profile and laterally in dorsal view. S1-4 with ivory setae; S5 with ivory setae basally, black setae apically; S6 with black setae (Figure 5I).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="51">Male. Body length10-12 mm. Mandible 3-toothed.Ocellocular distance less than ocelloccipital distance (Figure 4C). Head with white pubescence, vertex with black pubescence. Mesosoma with white pubescence, scutum with black pubescence. T5 with complete apical fringe of white hair covering marginal zone. T6 with tomentum; transverse carina with distinct deep medial notch and short jagged projections; true apical margin with submedial teeth closer to lateral teeth than each other (Figure 6B). Genitalia and hidden sterna shown in Figures 7G1-G4.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" type="variability">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="51">Variability.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="20" pageNumber="51">
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Male tergal discal pubescence variable in color. Pubescence of male mesonotum and head can vary, making it occasionally challenging to differentiate this species from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
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. Primarily, if there is any black pubescence on the mesonotum,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="52" start="start">it</pageBreakToken>
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is
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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. If there are no black hairs in this area, it is
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
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. The females of these two species are also sometimes difficult to separate.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
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can occasionally have black setae laterally on T4 in addition to T5, but if the black setae are present on T3 or T2, then it is
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana subsp. cleomis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="texana" subSpecies="cleomis">Megachile texana cleomis</taxonomicName>
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was distinguished by the presence of black setae on T3, but that form is now in synonymy under
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="52" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="52">Distribution of material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="52">USA: Arizona: Cochise, Gila and Maricopa Counties (May-Aug.); California: Mariposa, Riverside, Tuolumne and Trinity Counties (Apr.-Jul.); Florida: Alachua, Putnam and Duval Counties (Jun.-Oct.); Mississippi: Oktibbeha County (May); New Mexico: Eddy County (Aug.); New York: New York County (Jun.); Nevada: Clarke, Lincoln and Washoe Counties (Jun.); South Carolina: Chesterfield and Dorchester Counties (May); Texas: Brewster County (Apr.); Utah: Cache, Garfield, Tooele and Washington Counties (Jun.-Sep.); MEXICO: Puebla. 46 females, 57 males.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="52" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="52">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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utilizes existing nesting sites in the ground and under rocks (
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<bibRefCitation author="Krombein, KV" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="22" pageNumber="53" pagination="84 - 85" title="Another note on the nesting habits of Megachile texana Cresson." volume="55" year="1970">Krombein 1970</bibRefCitation>
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). Observations by
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<bibRefCitation author="Eickwort, GC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society" pageId="22" pageNumber="53" pagination="557 - 570" title="Observations on the nesting behavior of Megachile rubi and M. texana with a discussion of the significance of soil nesting in the evolution of megachilid bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)." volume="54" year="1981">Eickwort et al. (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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showed that these bees also excavate their own nests. The cocoons completely fill their cells and are covered with an outer layer of reddish brown threads and an inner layer of brown threads (
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<bibRefCitation author="Eickwort, GC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society" pageId="22" pageNumber="53" pagination="557 - 570" title="Observations on the nesting behavior of Megachile rubi and M. texana with a discussion of the significance of soil nesting in the evolution of megachilid bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)." volume="54" year="1981">Eickwort et al. 1981</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="52" type="flower records">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="52">Flower records.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName genus="Arctostaphylous" lsidName="Arctostaphylous patula" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="species" species="patula">Arctostaphylous patula</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName genus="Ericaceae" lsidName="Ericaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Ericaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asclepias speciosa" order="Gentianales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="speciosa">Asclepias speciosa</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName genus="Asclepiadaceae" lsidName="Asclepiadaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Asclepiadaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asclepias syriaca" order="Gentianales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="syriaca">Asclepias syriaca</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName genus="Asclepiadaceae" lsidName="Asclepiadaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Asclepiadaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Baptisia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Baptisia" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Baptisia</taxonomicName>
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sp. (
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<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
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).,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Blephilia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Blephilia ciliata" order="Lamiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ciliata">Blephilia ciliata</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName genus="Lamiaceae" lsidName="Lamiaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Calamintha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamintha ashei" order="Lamiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ashei">Calamintha ashei</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName genus="Lamiaceae" lsidName="Lamiaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Dalea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dalea pinnata" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinnata">Dalea pinnata</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Erigeron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Erigeron divergens" order="Asterales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="divergens">Erigeron divergens</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Erysimum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Erysimum asperum" order="Brassicales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="asperum">Erysimum asperum</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName genus="Brassicaceae" lsidName="Brassicaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Brassicaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Hemerocallis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hemerocallis" order="Asparagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Hemerocallis</taxonomicName>
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sp. (
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<taxonomicName genus="Liliaceae" lsidName="Liliaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Liliaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Dalea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dalea candida" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candida">Dalea candida</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Marrubium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Marrubium vulgare" order="Lamiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulgare">Marrubium vulgare</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
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|
<taxonomicName genus="Lamiaceae" lsidName="Lamiaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Medicago" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Medicago sativa" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativa">Medicago sativa</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
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|
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Melilotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melilotus alba" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alba">Melilotus alba</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loasaceae" genus="Mentzelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mentzelia" order="Cornales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Mentzelia</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. (
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Loasaceae" lsidName="Loasaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Loasaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Opuntia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Opuntia</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. (
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Cactaceae" lsidName="Cactaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Cactaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Hydrophyllaceae" genus="Phacelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phacelia heterophylla" order="Boraginales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">Phacelia heterophylla</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Hydrophyllaceae" lsidName="Hydrophyllaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Hydrophyllaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Phaseolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phaseolus limensis" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limensis">Phaseolus limensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Ptelea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ptelea trifoliata" order="Sapindales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trifoliata">Ptelea trifoliata</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Rutaceae" lsidName="Rutaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Rutaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Ratibida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ratibida columnaris" order="Asterales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="columnaris">Ratibida columnaris</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Rhus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhus glabra" order="Sapindales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">Rhus glabra</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Anacardiaceae" lsidName="Anacardiaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Anacardiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Streptanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Streptanthus" order="Brassicales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Streptanthus</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. (
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Brassicaceae" lsidName="Brassicaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Brassicaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Tephrosia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tephrosia virginiana" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="virginiana">Tephrosia virginiana</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Trifolium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Trifolium hybridum" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hybridum">Trifolium hybridum</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Viguiera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Viguiera stenoloba" order="Asterales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stenoloba">Viguiera stenoloba</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Vitex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vitex agnus subsp. castus" order="Lamiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="agnus" subSpecies="castus">Vitex agnus castus</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Verbenaceae" lsidName="Verbenaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Verbenaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="52" type="comments">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="52">Comments.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="52">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile cleomis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cleomis">Megachile cleomis</taxonomicName>
|
|
is one of the synonyms of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
|
|
. It was originally described by Cockerell in
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Cockerell, TDA" journalOrPublisher="The Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="22" pageNumber="53" pagination="13 - 15" title="The New Mexico bees of the Genus Megachile and a new Andrena." volume="6" year="1900">1900</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, based on two cotypes from a locality in New Mexico, a male and a female. The male was later found to be a male
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile snowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="snowi">Megachile snowi</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The female is herein designated as the lectotype for
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile cleomis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cleomis">Megachile cleomis</taxonomicName>
|
|
, which remains in synonymy with
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
|
|
. This situation illustrates the importance of correctly assigning holotypes.
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
|
|
is a widespread species which is found across North America (Figure 17).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption pageId="21" pageNumber="52">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="52">
|
|
Figure 17. Distribution of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |