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<document id="C12CA48A6E9709910625CEC75161805D" ID-CLB-Dataset="21915" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4780.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="02ba62cc-666f-490d-81d6-485a751257d3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3839620" ID-ZooBank="B247849D-2204-436B-A3FC-2E00F0EFF208" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1590138347486" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Anker, Arthur, Al-Kandari, Manal &amp; Grave, Sammy De" docDate="2020" docId="03F31D2BFFCABC37FF68F915FBC7FA2E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4780.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4780 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Salmoneus ikaros Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="84" masterDocId="FFCA6553FFCBBC30FFFFFFBBFFBEFFED" masterDocTitle="On two species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 from Kuwait one of them new to science (Malacostraca: Decapoda: Caridea)" masterLastPageNumber="92" masterPageNumber="77" pageNumber="78" updateTime="1698840891509" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="DFF994ED4D95EF68F5F3B6ED76527C04" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="5371BAB6CD032859587475ED6CE65A63">
<mods:title id="A43DB2A76628C47A81C2DB5CFCC20FAB">On two species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 from Kuwait one of them new to science (Malacostraca: Decapoda: Caridea)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="65CC87C3F22FA63D6CF7549E0C321798" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B469A9705693D79A4DDC1B72285565B1">
<mods:roleTerm id="4DA88A91CE7C0C6F9B7016BBCD7A851E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4AF9B6A1E6DB7BE30D9BC8A0C9259D06">Anker, Arthur</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F55A080B6464E2F12BD8275F0476FAAA">Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas-ICB- 5. Av. Esperança, s / n., 74690 - 900, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. arthuranker 7 @ gmail. com; http: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5350 - 4267</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="28477BC5113CE81F85DFF1A07952953E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0830D1D0FA0C0D5412C28C5E4B5035CD">Al-Kandari, Manal</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="080EA2753D2280E64DD16392BDBE4041">Ecosystem-Based Management of Marine Resources, Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute of Scientific Research, Hamad Al-Mubarak Street, Building 900004, Area 1, Raas Salmiya, Kuwait. http: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0073 - 7929 Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford, OX 1 3 PW, United Kingdom.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="E01DD8967F4B658050797B99ABD034C9">
<mods:roleTerm id="9A6B15D3C1A551852E5E384F47CDD4AD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7872044953F490AAAC9A4684615E4BDF">Grave, Sammy De</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="BD7D1E8E3FC09C44A508C4663E5C6960">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="302B78A469AB0A6DA6F274E948DEA5DE">
<mods:title id="8C344D349A5843713017F7911E8B1AEF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="7530F3E3C4937C43512A27FD86506D89">
<mods:date id="61F809011CB520A06CCB96262B2F13A1">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="E6E8EB273BF6A30F5C4ABF8A9C549F4C" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="FB88A9831FE9C92B4D693A26AA6C6771">2020-05-22</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="27CE32DA4962E918F2AFFBD0A8307A8F" type="volume">
<mods:number id="01C7DF23D9A8D6E1F1CD360F40AA755E">4780</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="8050E25008E80416E32B47FFE534C710">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="5C6402BCA6E2D673457D8D9EC4771BDD" type="CLB-Dataset">21915</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A8028AB5B6F924DF45E4957B1EF3B7C0" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4780.1.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F31D2BFFCABC37FF68F915FBC7FA2E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3853019" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164248827" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3853019" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F31D2BFFCABC37FF68F915FBC7FA2E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F31D2BFFCABC37FF68F915FBC7FA2E" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="1" pageNumber="78">
<subSubSection id="C340FFB6FFCABC31FF68F915FE6AF925" box="[151,468,1710,1737]" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCABC31FF68F915FE6AF925" blockId="1.[151,468,1710,1772]" box="[151,468,1710,1737]" pageId="1" pageNumber="78">
<heading id="D0AD1B51FFCABC31FF68F915FE6AF925" bold="true" box="[151,468,1710,1737]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCABC31FF68F915FE6AF925" bold="true" box="[151,468,1710,1737]" pageId="1" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCABC31FF68F915FED1F924" ID-CoL="874H3" authority="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave, 2020" authorityName="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,367,1710,1737]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ikaros" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCABC31FF68F915FED1F924" bold="true" box="[151,367,1710,1737]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="78">Salmoneus ikaros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DCD54FFCABC31FE88F915FE6AF925" box="[375,468,1710,1736]" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C340FFB6FFCABC31FF68F969FEBEF901" box="[151,256,1746,1772]" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCABC31FF68F969FEBEF901" blockId="1.[151,468,1710,1772]" box="[151,256,1746,1772]" pageId="1" pageNumber="78">
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCABC31FF68F969FEBEF901" box="[151,256,1746,1772]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1848,1873]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1853,1878]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,250,1976,2001]" captionStartId-3="6.[151,250,1412,1437]" captionTargetBox-0="[162,1425,190,1820]" captionTargetBox-1="[159,1435,185,1819]" captionTargetBox-2="[158,1429,489,1951]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,957,1387]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[151,1436,181,1823]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[158,1429,489,1951]" captionTargetId-3="figure@6.[151,1436,957,1387]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, frontal region, dorsal; B, same, lateral; C, posterior portion of pleon, lateral; D, telson, dorsal; E, same, posterior margin, dorsal; F, left eye, lateral; G, left and right eyes, anterior (frontal); H, third maxilliped, lateral; I, same, tip of ultimate article, dorsomesial; J, second pleopod, anterior (lateral); K, same, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna; L, uropod, dorsal." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, right (major) cheliped, lateral; B, same, merus and carpus, mesial; C, same, chela, lateral; D, left (minor) cheliped, lateral; E, same, distal portion of carpus and chela, mesial; F, second pereiopod, lateral; G, third pereiopod, lateral; H, same, distal portion of propodus and dactylus, mesial; I, fourth pereiopod, lateral; J, fifth pereiopod, lateral." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH.ZC. 2020.01.045), living individual: A, dorsal; B, lateral. Photographs by the first author (AA)." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH.ZC. 2020.01.045), preserved individual:A, left eyestalk, lateral; B, left and right eyestalks, anterolateral; C, same, anterior (frontal). Photographs taken by the first author (AA) through a Leica stereomicroscope." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841676" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841678" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841680" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841682" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3841676/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3841678/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3841680/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3841682/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="78">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C340FFB6FFCABC31FF68F8A2FE6EF84D" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCABC31FF68F8A2FE6EF84D" blockId="1.[151,1437,1817,2025]" pageId="1" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCABC31FF68F8A2FEC5F8D9" bold="true" box="[151,379,1817,1844]" pageId="1" pageNumber="78">Material examined</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B32A660FFCABC31FE73F8A1FE72F84D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2622605302" collectingDate="2019-10-03" collectionCode="OUMNH, ZC" collectorName="A. Anker" country="Kuwait" elevation="3" latitude="29.39015" location="Failaka Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.398785" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F34DECADFFCABC31FE73F8A1FE60F8D9" box="[396,478,1818,1844]" name="Kuwait" pageId="1" pageNumber="78">Kuwait</collectingCountry>
:
<typeStatus id="54E1129FFFCABC31FE10F8A1FDEAF8D9" box="[495,596,1818,1844]" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, ovigerous specimen (cl
<quantity id="4CA201D8FFCABC31FC8DF8A1FC70F8D8" box="[882,974,1818,1845]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2 mm</quantity>
),
<collectionCode id="ED4B34F8FFCABC31FC1CF8A1FBEDF8D9" box="[995,1107,1818,1844]" pageId="1" pageNumber="78">OUMNH</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED4B34F8FFCABC31FBAAF8A1FBC4F8D9" box="[1109,1146,1818,1844]" country="Austria" name="Zoological Collection, University of Vienna" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" type="University or college">ZC</collectionCode>
. 2020.01.045,
<location id="8E85FAE6FFCABC31FADCF8A1FF74F8B5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F31D2BFFCABC37FF68F915FBC7FA2E:8E85FAE6FFCABC31FADCF8A1FF74F8B5" country="Kuwait" latitude="29.39015" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.398785" name="Failaka Island" pageId="1" pageNumber="78">Failaka Island</location>
, eastern side,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6ECAFAFFCABC31FE99F885FE46F8B5" box="[358,504,1854,1880]" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="23.409" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" precision="1" value="29.39015">29°23.409’N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE6ECAFAFFCABC31FE00F885FD29F8B5" box="[511,663,1854,1880]" degrees="48" direction="east" minutes="23.927" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" precision="1" value="48.398785">48° 23.927’E</geoCoordinate>
, mixed rocky-muddy intertidal, muddy patches between rocks, depth less than
<quantity id="4CA201D8FFCABC31FEFFF8D9FEFDF890" box="[256,323,1890,1917]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="0.3">
<elevation id="00774B0EFFCABC31FEFFF8D9FEFDF890" box="[256,323,1890,1917]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="0.3">0.3 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, suction (yabby) pump, in burrow of ghost shrimp,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCABC31FC76F8D9FB14F891" baseAuthorityName="Tirmizi" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[905,1194,1890,1916]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callianassidae" genus="Balsscallichirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masoomi">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCABC31FC76F8D9FB14F891" box="[905,1194,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="78">Balsscallichirus masoomi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26AFC9EBFFCABC31FB17F8D9FAEFF891" box="[1256,1361,1890,1916]" pageId="1" pageNumber="78">A. Anker</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFE48AFDFFCABC31FAA2F8D9FEAEF84D" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" value="2019-10-03">
<collectingDate id="EFA07315FFCABC31FAA2F8D9FEAEF84D" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" value="2019-10-03">3 October 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
[fcn KUW-068]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C340FFB6FFCABC36FF38F812FAE5FE66" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCABC34FF38F812FECCFEAE" blockId="1.[151,1437,1817,2025]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="1" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCABC31FF38F812FEEFF829" bold="true" box="[199,337,1961,1988]" pageId="1" pageNumber="78">Description</emphasis>
.Small-sized(cl
<quantity id="4CA201D8FFCABC31FDFEF811FDEDF828" box="[513,595,1962,1989]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2mm</quantity>
)alpheid shrimp with not especially slender or compressed body.Carapace covered with fine erect setae(
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCABC31FE52F875FDA1F804" box="[429,543,1998,2025]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1848,1873]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,190,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, frontal region, dorsal; B, same, lateral; C, posterior portion of pleon, lateral; D, telson, dorsal; E, same, posterior margin, dorsal; F, left eye, lateral; G, left and right eyes, anterior (frontal); H, third maxilliped, lateral; I, same, tip of ultimate article, dorsomesial; J, second pleopod, anterior (lateral); K, same, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna; L, uropod, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841676/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="78">Fig.1A, B</figureCitation>
). Rostrum well developed, broadly subtriangular, slightly longer than wide at base, acute distally, slightly overreaching mid-length of second article of antennular peduncle; lateral margins feebly concave proximally; neither rostral nor mid-dorsal carina present (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCFBC34FC7DFF06FC43FF3A" box="[898,1021,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1848,1873]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,190,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, frontal region, dorsal; B, same, lateral; C, posterior portion of pleon, lateral; D, telson, dorsal; E, same, posterior margin, dorsal; F, left eye, lateral; G, left and right eyes, anterior (frontal); H, third maxilliped, lateral; I, same, tip of ultimate article, dorsomesial; J, second pleopod, anterior (lateral); K, same, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna; L, uropod, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841676/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
). Orbital teeth well developed, sharp distally, directed slightly mesially in dorsal view, anteriorly in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCFBC34FBF6FF5AFB37FF16" box="[1033,1161,225,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1848,1873]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,190,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, frontal region, dorsal; B, same, lateral; C, posterior portion of pleon, lateral; D, telson, dorsal; E, same, posterior margin, dorsal; F, left eye, lateral; G, left and right eyes, anterior (frontal); H, third maxilliped, lateral; I, same, tip of ultimate article, dorsomesial; J, second pleopod, anterior (lateral); K, same, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna; L, uropod, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841676/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
). Pterygostomial region broadly rounded; anterolateral suture present (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCFBC34FD65FEBEFD4EFEF2" box="[666,752,261,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1848,1873]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,190,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, frontal region, dorsal; B, same, lateral; C, posterior portion of pleon, lateral; D, telson, dorsal; E, same, posterior margin, dorsal; F, left eye, lateral; G, left and right eyes, anterior (frontal); H, third maxilliped, lateral; I, same, tip of ultimate article, dorsomesial; J, second pleopod, anterior (lateral); K, same, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna; L, uropod, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841676/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
); cardiac notch well developed. Each epistomial sclerite with stout acute process.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF25FCB5FFC9BC32FF68F883FEF3F80C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841676" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3841676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841676/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="79" startId="2.[151,250,1848,1873]" targetBox="[162,1425,190,1820]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFC9BC32FF68F883FEF3F80C" blockId="2.[151,1437,1848,2017]" pageId="2" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFC9BC32FF68F883FEB1F8BC" bold="true" box="[151,271,1848,1873]" pageId="2" pageNumber="79">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFC9BC32FEE1F882FE6DF8BC" authority="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave, 2020" authorityName="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave" authorityYear="2020" box="[286,467,1849,1873]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ikaros" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFC9BC32FEE1F882FE6DF8BC" box="[286,467,1849,1873]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="79">Salmoneus ikaros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFC9BC32FE23F882FD91F8BC" bold="true" box="[476,559,1849,1873]" pageId="2" pageNumber="79">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DCD54FFC9BC32FE23F882FD91F8BC" box="[476,559,1849,1873]" pageId="2" pageNumber="79" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, frontal region, dorsal; B, same, lateral; C, posterior portion of pleon, lateral; D, telson, dorsal; E, same, posterior margin, dorsal; F, left eye, lateral; G, left and right eyes, anterior (frontal); H, third maxilliped, lateral; I, same, tip of ultimate article, dorsomesial; J, second pleopod, anterior (lateral); K, same, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna; L, uropod, dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF25FCB5FFC8BC33FF68F886FB67F82F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841678" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3841678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841678/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="80" startId="3.[151,250,1853,1878]" targetBox="[159,1435,185,1819]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFC8BC33FF68F886FB67F82F" blockId="3.[151,1437,1853,1986]" pageId="3" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFC8BC33FF68F886FEB1F8BB" bold="true" box="[151,271,1853,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="80">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFC8BC33FEE1F885FE6DF8BB" authority="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave, 2020" authorityName="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave" authorityYear="2020" box="[286,467,1854,1878]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ikaros" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFC8BC33FEE1F885FE6DF8BB" box="[286,467,1854,1878]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="80">Salmoneus ikaros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFC8BC33FE23F885FD91F8BB" bold="true" box="[476,559,1854,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DCD54FFC8BC33FE23F885FD91F8BB" box="[476,559,1854,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="80" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, right (major) cheliped, lateral; B, same, merus and carpus, mesial; C, same, chela, lateral; D, left (minor) cheliped, lateral; E, same, distal portion of carpus and chela, mesial; F, second pereiopod, lateral; G, third pereiopod, lateral; H, same, distal portion of propodus and dactylus, mesial; I, fourth pereiopod, lateral; J, fifth pereiopod, lateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCFBC34FF38FEF6FF57FD6A" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">
Pleon with first to fourth pleura broadly rounded to slightly angular; fifth pleuron with posteroventral margin produced into acute, posteriorly directed tooth; sixth pleonite without articulated flap, with short, partly internal suture, posterior margin produced into short subacute tooth flanking telson (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCFBC34FBEFFE2EFBD4FE42" box="[1040,1130,405,431]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1848,1873]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,190,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, frontal region, dorsal; B, same, lateral; C, posterior portion of pleon, lateral; D, telson, dorsal; E, same, posterior margin, dorsal; F, left eye, lateral; G, left and right eyes, anterior (frontal); H, third maxilliped, lateral; I, same, tip of ultimate article, dorsomesial; J, second pleopod, anterior (lateral); K, same, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna; L, uropod, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841676/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
); preanal plate posteriorly rounded. Telson moderately slender, subrectangular, tapering distally, almost 2.5 times as long as maximal (proximal) width; dorsal surface with two pairs of small cuspidate setae both inserted at some distance from lateral margin, first pair at about telson mid-length, second pair at about 0.8 of telson length; posterior margin with small shallow notch flanked by with two long plumose setae, remaining margin from central notch to posterolateral angle straight, with two pairs of robust spiniform setae, mesial ones much stouter and about 1.5 times longer than lateral ones (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCFBC34FA90FDF2FF62FD6A" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1848,1873]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,190,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, frontal region, dorsal; B, same, lateral; C, posterior portion of pleon, lateral; D, telson, dorsal; E, same, posterior margin, dorsal; F, left eye, lateral; G, left and right eyes, anterior (frontal); H, third maxilliped, lateral; I, same, tip of ultimate article, dorsomesial; J, second pleopod, anterior (lateral); K, same, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna; L, uropod, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841676/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">Fig. 1D, E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCFBC34FF38FD2AFE61FCFA" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">
Eyes almost completely concealed in dorsal view, most-anterior portion exposed between orbital teeth and most basal part of rostrum, partly visible in lateral view; cornea peculiarly divided into two differently pigmented areas, red-brown and black, with branching connections between them (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCFBC34FC7CFD62FBF2FD1E" box="[899,1100,729,755]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1848,1873]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,190,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, frontal region, dorsal; B, same, lateral; C, posterior portion of pleon, lateral; D, telson, dorsal; E, same, posterior margin, dorsal; F, left eye, lateral; G, left and right eyes, anterior (frontal); H, third maxilliped, lateral; I, same, tip of ultimate article, dorsomesial; J, second pleopod, anterior (lateral); K, same, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna; L, uropod, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841676/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">Figs. 1A, B, F, G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCFBC34FBA6FD62FBD9FD1E" box="[1113,1127,729,755]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1412,1437]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,957,1387]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,957,1387]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH.ZC. 2020.01.045), preserved individual:A, left eyestalk, lateral; B, left and right eyestalks, anterolateral; C, same, anterior (frontal). Photographs taken by the first author (AA) through a Leica stereomicroscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841682/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">4</figureCitation>
A–C); anteromesial margin with small tubercle (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCFBC34FE82FD46FE6FFCFA" box="[381,465,765,791]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1848,1873]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,190,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, frontal region, dorsal; B, same, lateral; C, posterior portion of pleon, lateral; D, telson, dorsal; E, same, posterior margin, dorsal; F, left eye, lateral; G, left and right eyes, anterior (frontal); H, third maxilliped, lateral; I, same, tip of ultimate article, dorsomesial; J, second pleopod, anterior (lateral); K, same, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna; L, uropod, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841676/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCFBC34FF38FC9AFBCDFBDA" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">
Antennular peduncle very stout; stylocerite elongate, with slender distal part, sharp tip almost reaching distal margin of second article; ventromesial carina with small anteriorly directed tooth (not illustrated); second article quadrate, slightly wider than long in dorsal view; lateral antennular flagellum with short fused portion, consisting of three subdivisions, and well-developed secondary ramus, latter with multiple (five) groups of long aesthetascs; mesial antennular flagellum much stouter than lateral (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCFBC34FCFBFC0AFC3EFC26" box="[772,896,945,971]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1848,1873]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,190,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, frontal region, dorsal; B, same, lateral; C, posterior portion of pleon, lateral; D, telson, dorsal; E, same, posterior margin, dorsal; F, left eye, lateral; G, left and right eyes, anterior (frontal); H, third maxilliped, lateral; I, same, tip of ultimate article, dorsomesial; J, second pleopod, anterior (lateral); K, same, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna; L, uropod, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841676/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
). Antenna with basicerite fairly stout, distoventral margin armed with large acute tooth; scaphocerite oval-shaped, not reaching end of antennular peduncle, with straight lateral margin and broad blade, latter convex anteriorly, reaching slightly beyond stout distolateral tooth; carpocerite short, cylindrical, reaching to about mid-length of scaphocerite (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCFBC34FC14FBA6FBDBFBDA" box="[1003,1125,1053,1079]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1848,1873]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,190,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, frontal region, dorsal; B, same, lateral; C, posterior portion of pleon, lateral; D, telson, dorsal; E, same, posterior margin, dorsal; F, left eye, lateral; G, left and right eyes, anterior (frontal); H, third maxilliped, lateral; I, same, tip of ultimate article, dorsomesial; J, second pleopod, anterior (lateral); K, same, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna; L, uropod, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841676/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCFBC34FF38FBFAFEA3FB06" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">
Mouthparts not dissected, appearing typical for genus in external observation. Third maxilliped slender, pediform; coxa with rounded lateral plate; antepenultimate article slender, slightly flattened ventrolaterally; penultimate article about four times as long as wide; ultimate article with numerous rows of short serrulate setae and some longer simple setae, tip with subacute corneous point and one subapical spiniform seta; arthrobranch modestly developed (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCFBC34FF5FFB6AFEB1FB06" box="[160,271,1233,1259]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1848,1873]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,190,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, frontal region, dorsal; B, same, lateral; C, posterior portion of pleon, lateral; D, telson, dorsal; E, same, posterior margin, dorsal; F, left eye, lateral; G, left and right eyes, anterior (frontal); H, third maxilliped, lateral; I, same, tip of ultimate article, dorsomesial; J, second pleopod, anterior (lateral); K, same, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna; L, uropod, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841676/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">Fig. 1H, I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCFBC34FF38FB4EFA97F8EA" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">
First pereiopods (chelipeds) very asymmetrical in shape and dissimilar in size, carried flexed when not in use (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCFBC34FF60FAA2FF53FADE" box="[159,237,1305,1331]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1853,1878]" captionTargetBox="[159,1435,185,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, right (major) cheliped, lateral; B, same, merus and carpus, mesial; C, same, chela, lateral; D, left (minor) cheliped, lateral; E, same, distal portion of carpus and chela, mesial; F, second pereiopod, lateral; G, third pereiopod, lateral; H, same, distal portion of propodus and dactylus, mesial; I, fourth pereiopod, lateral; J, fifth pereiopod, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841678/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
A–E, 3A, B). Major cheliped enlarged, with slender ischium and merus and moderately swollen chela; ischium flattened ventrolaterally, armed with one cuspidate seta; merus more than seven times as long as proximal width, somewhat broader distally, smooth, distodorsal and distomesial margins rounded, ventrolateral surface depressed to accommodate chela when flexed; carpus short, cup-shaped, with distal margin bluntly protruding towards propodus of chela mesioventrally, but without sharp teeth or processes; chela fairly large relative to body, as long as all proximal articles combined; palm subcylindrical smooth, without grooves or sculpture, except for deep proximal constriction on ventral surface; fingers slightly longer than palm; not gaping when closed, subequal in length, slightly twisted and crossing distally, with evenly serrated cutting edges; both dactylus and pollex with about 17 rounded to subtriangular teeth on cutting edge, extending for most of finger length, except for distal-most portion (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCFBC34FF5FF9E6FF5DF99A" box="[160,227,1629,1655]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1853,1878]" captionTargetBox="[159,1435,185,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, right (major) cheliped, lateral; B, same, merus and carpus, mesial; C, same, chela, lateral; D, left (minor) cheliped, lateral; E, same, distal portion of carpus and chela, mesial; F, second pereiopod, lateral; G, third pereiopod, lateral; H, same, distal portion of propodus and dactylus, mesial; I, fourth pereiopod, lateral; J, fifth pereiopod, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841678/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
A–C). Minor cheliped substantially smaller than major cheliped, less robust; ischium armed with one cuspidate seta on ventrolateral surface; merus subequal to ischium, not swollen or widening distally, smooth, slightly depressed ventrally; carpus about 1.2 times as long as merus, cylindrical, widening distally; chela much shorter than carpus, simple, with palm about as long as fingers, smooth; fingers somewhat gaping when closed, subequal in length, crossing distally, cutting edges with three minute, widely spaced teeth on distal half (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCFBC34FB5CF956FAA2F8EA" box="[1187,1308,1773,1799]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1853,1878]" captionTargetBox="[159,1435,185,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, right (major) cheliped, lateral; B, same, merus and carpus, mesial; C, same, chela, lateral; D, left (minor) cheliped, lateral; E, same, distal portion of carpus and chela, mesial; F, second pereiopod, lateral; G, third pereiopod, lateral; H, same, distal portion of propodus and dactylus, mesial; I, fourth pereiopod, lateral; J, fifth pereiopod, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841678/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">Fig. 2D, E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCFBC35FF38F8AAFC35FE3E" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,153,467]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">
Second pereiopod slender; ischium with one cuspidate seta on ventrolateral surface, situated in proximal third; merus longer than ischium; carpus with five subdivisions, first about as long as four others combined, their ratio approximately equal to 4.0/1.0/0.7/0.8/1.3; chela longer than distal-most carpal subdivision, simple (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCFBC34FB09F8E2FAF5F89E" box="[1270,1355,1881,1907]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1853,1878]" captionTargetBox="[159,1435,185,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, right (major) cheliped, lateral; B, same, merus and carpus, mesial; C, same, chela, lateral; D, left (minor) cheliped, lateral; E, same, distal portion of carpus and chela, mesial; F, second pereiopod, lateral; G, third pereiopod, lateral; H, same, distal portion of propodus and dactylus, mesial; I, fourth pereiopod, lateral; J, fifth pereiopod, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841678/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="81">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
). Third pereiopod moderately slender; ischium with one cuspidate seta on ventrolateral surface; merus about six times as long as wide, unarmed; carpus noticeably slenderer and shorter (at most 0.7 times) than merus, with one slender spiniform seta on distoventral margin; propodus longer than carpus, with three widely spaced spiniform setae on ven- tral margin, in addition to one pair of somewhat longer spiniform setae (ventrolateral much longer than ventromesial) near dactylar base; dactylus overreaching half-length of propodus, slender, conical, simple, smoothly curving distally (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCEBC35FF07FF5AFECDFF16" box="[248,371,225,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1853,1878]" captionTargetBox="[159,1435,185,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, right (major) cheliped, lateral; B, same, merus and carpus, mesial; C, same, chela, lateral; D, left (minor) cheliped, lateral; E, same, distal portion of carpus and chela, mesial; F, second pereiopod, lateral; G, third pereiopod, lateral; H, same, distal portion of propodus and dactylus, mesial; I, fourth pereiopod, lateral; J, fifth pereiopod, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841678/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Fig. 2G, H</figureCitation>
). Fourth pereiopod similar to third pereiopod in armature and article length proportions, slightly more slender (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCEBC35FEC8FEBEFE38FEF2" box="[311,390,261,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1853,1878]" captionTargetBox="[159,1435,185,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, right (major) cheliped, lateral; B, same, merus and carpus, mesial; C, same, chela, lateral; D, left (minor) cheliped, lateral; E, same, distal portion of carpus and chela, mesial; F, second pereiopod, lateral; G, third pereiopod, lateral; H, same, distal portion of propodus and dactylus, mesial; I, fourth pereiopod, lateral; J, fifth pereiopod, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841678/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Fig. 2I</figureCitation>
). Fifth pereiopod as slender as fourth pereiopod; ischium unarmed; merus at least seven times as long as wide, unarmed; carpus more slender than merus, about 0.9 length of merus, with stiff seta distoventrally; propodus very long, slender, 1.3 times as long as carpus, with eight or so rows of progressively longer serrulate setae forming cleaning brush on distal ventrolateral surface, ventral margin with three spiniform setae, in addition to one pair of longer spiniform setae near dactylar base (mesial invisible in lateral view); dactylus about 0.4 times length of propodus, similar to that of third and fourth pereiopods (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCEBC35FCD1FE02FCC1FE3E" box="[814,895,441,467]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1853,1878]" captionTargetBox="[159,1435,185,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, right (major) cheliped, lateral; B, same, merus and carpus, mesial; C, same, chela, lateral; D, left (minor) cheliped, lateral; E, same, distal portion of carpus and chela, mesial; F, second pereiopod, lateral; G, third pereiopod, lateral; H, same, distal portion of propodus and dactylus, mesial; I, fourth pereiopod, lateral; J, fifth pereiopod, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841678/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Fig. 2J</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF25FCB5FFCEBC35FF68F803FB8EF818" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841680" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3841680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841680/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="82" startId="5.[151,250,1976,2001]" targetBox="[158,1429,489,1951]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCEBC35FF68F803FB8EF818" blockId="5.[151,1437,1976,2037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCEBC35FF68F803FEB3F83C" bold="true" box="[151,269,1976,2001]" pageId="5" pageNumber="82">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCEBC35FEE6F802FE72F83C" authority="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave, 2020" authorityName="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave" authorityYear="2020" box="[281,460,1977,2001]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ikaros" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCEBC35FEE6F802FE72F83C" box="[281,460,1977,2001]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Salmoneus ikaros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCEBC35FE2DF802FD9DF83C" bold="true" box="[466,547,1977,2001]" pageId="5" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DCD54FFCEBC35FE2DF802FD9DF83C" box="[466,547,1977,2001]" pageId="5" pageNumber="82" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH.ZC. 2020.01.045), living individual: A, dorsal; B, lateral. Photographs by the first author (AA).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCDBC36FF38FF22FD69FEAE" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,935]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
Second pleopod with appendix masculina almost twice as long as appendix interna, furnished with numerous long stiff setae, apical stoutest, as illustrated (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCDBC36FD61FF06FCAAFF3A" box="[670,788,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1848,1873]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,190,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, frontal region, dorsal; B, same, lateral; C, posterior portion of pleon, lateral; D, telson, dorsal; E, same, posterior margin, dorsal; F, left eye, lateral; G, left and right eyes, anterior (frontal); H, third maxilliped, lateral; I, same, tip of ultimate article, dorsomesial; J, second pleopod, anterior (lateral); K, same, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna; L, uropod, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841676/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Fig. 1J, K</figureCitation>
). Uropod with lateral lobe of protopod ending distally as large subacute tooth; exopod ovate, with small subacute distolateral tooth and well-developed distolateral spiniform seta; diaeresis sinuous, with broadly rounded tooth mesial to distolateral spiniform seta; endopod as long as exopod, narrowly ovoid, without specific features (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCDBC36FD8BFE92FD77FEAE" box="[628,713,297,323]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1848,1873]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,190,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, frontal region, dorsal; B, same, lateral; C, posterior portion of pleon, lateral; D, telson, dorsal; E, same, posterior margin, dorsal; F, left eye, lateral; G, left and right eyes, anterior (frontal); H, third maxilliped, lateral; I, same, tip of ultimate article, dorsomesial; J, second pleopod, anterior (lateral); K, same, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna; L, uropod, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841676/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Fig. 1L</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCDBC36FF38FEF6FDA3FE8A" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,935]" box="[199,541,333,359]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Gill formula typical for genus.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCDBC36FF38FECBFAE5FE66" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,935]" box="[199,1371,368,395]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FF38FECBFEE6FE66" bold="true" box="[199,344,368,395]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Colouration</emphasis>
. Semi-transparent, white, with dull reddish and black cornea and yolk-yellow eggs (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCDBC36FAF6FECAFAF0FE66" box="[1289,1358,369,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1976,2001]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,489,1951]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[158,1429,489,1951]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH.ZC. 2020.01.045), living individual: A, dorsal; B, lateral. Photographs by the first author (AA)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841680/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C340FFB6FFCDBC36FF38FE2EFCE4FE3E" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCDBC36FF38FE2EFCE4FE3E" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,935]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FF38FE2EFEF6FE42" bold="true" box="[199,328,405,431]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Etymology</emphasis>
. The new species is named after the ancient Greek name of the
<typeStatus id="54E1129FFFCDBC36FBBEFE2EFBCFFE42" box="[1089,1137,405,431]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">type</typeStatus>
locality, Ikaros, currently known as Failaka Island,
<collectingCountry id="F34DECADFFCDBC36FE4AFE02FDB5FE3E" box="[437,523,441,467]" name="Kuwait" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Kuwait</collectingCountry>
; used as a noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C340FFB6FFCDBC36FF38FE67FBC8FE1A" box="[199,1142,476,503]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCDBC36FF38FE67FBC8FE1A" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,935]" box="[199,1142,476,503]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FF38FE67FEE7FE1A" bold="true" box="[199,345,476,503]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Distribution</emphasis>
. Indian Ocean: presently known only from the
<typeStatus id="54E1129FFFCDBC36FC92FE66FC23FE1A" box="[877,925,477,503]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingCountry id="F34DECADFFCDBC36FBE3FE66FBCCFE1A" box="[1052,1138,477,503]" name="Kuwait" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Kuwait</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C340FFB6FFCDBC36FF38FDBAFC19FD6A" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCDBC36FF38FDBAFC19FD6A" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,935]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FF38FDBAFE98FDF6" bold="true" box="[199,294,513,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Ecology</emphasis>
. The
<typeStatus id="54E1129FFFCDBC36FE9BFDBAFE77FDF6" box="[356,457,513,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, and single known specimen, was extracted from a burrow of the ghost shrimp
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FACBFDBAFD6CFDAD" authority="(Tirmizi, 1970)" baseAuthorityName="Tirmizi" baseAuthorityYear="1970" class="Malacostraca" family="Callianassidae" genus="Balsscallichirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masoomi">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FACBFDBAFEE5FDD2" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Balsscallichirus masoomi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FE94FD9EFDB7FDD2" author="Tirmizi, N. M." box="[363,521,549,575]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="245 - 250" refId="ref9296" refString="Tirmizi, N. M. (1970) A new species of Callianassa (Decapoda, Thalassinidea) from West Pakistan. Crustaceana, 19, 245 - 250. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854070 X 00329" type="journal article" year="1970">Tirmizi, 1970</bibRefCitation>
) (Callianassidae)
</taxonomicName>
, together with its host (OUMNH.ZC. 2020.01.036 [fcn KUW- 067], material to be reported in more details elsewhere), on a shallow subtidal flat characterised by murky water and fine sand-mud bottom, near the edge of a large rocky outcrop (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCDBC36FCAAFDD6FC27FD6A" box="[853,921,621,647]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1789,1814]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,255,1765]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,237,1765]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Habitats of Salmoneus spp. in Kuwait: A, rocky-muddy intertidal flat on the eastern coast of Failaka Island, type locality of Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov. associated with Balsscallichirus masoomi (Tirmizi 1970) and habitat of one individual of S. gracilipes associated with Listriolobus cf. brevirostris Chen &amp; Yeh 1958; B, degraded reef at Kubbar Island, about 7 m deep, habitat of two possibly free-living individuals of S. gracilipes, collected under coral rocks. Photographs: (A) by the third author (SDG); (B) courtesy of Dr. Shakar Al- Hazeem." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841692" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841692/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C340FFB6FFCDBC37FF38FD2AFBC7FA2E" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCDBC36FF38FD2AFF4FFC4A" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,935]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FF38FD2AFE8AFD46" bold="true" box="[199,308,657,683]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FEBBFD2AFDB2FD46" authority="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave, 2020" authorityName="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave" authorityYear="2020" box="[324,524,657,683]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ikaros" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FEBBFD2AFDB2FD46" box="[324,524,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Salmoneus ikaros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FDE9FD2AFDCCFD46" bold="true" box="[534,626,657,683]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DCD54FFCDBC36FDE9FD2AFDCCFD46" box="[534,626,657,683]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from all other species described in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FB25FD2AFAEDFD46" authorityName="Holthuis" authorityYear="1955" box="[1242,1363,657,683]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FB25FD2AFAEDFD46" box="[1242,1363,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Salmoneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its highly peculiar configuration of the eyes (
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCDBC36FD8CFD0EFD4AFD22" box="[627,756,693,719]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1848,1873]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,190,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH. ZC. 2020.01.045): A, frontal region, dorsal; B, same, lateral; C, posterior portion of pleon, lateral; D, telson, dorsal; E, same, posterior margin, dorsal; F, left eye, lateral; G, left and right eyes, anterior (frontal); H, third maxilliped, lateral; I, same, tip of ultimate article, dorsomesial; J, second pleopod, anterior (lateral); K, same, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna; L, uropod, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841676/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Figs. 1F, G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1361B0B8FFCDBC36FCFFFD0EFCB0FD22" box="[768,782,693,719]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1412,1437]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,957,1387]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,957,1387]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH.ZC. 2020.01.045), preserved individual:A, left eyestalk, lateral; B, left and right eyestalks, anterolateral; C, same, anterior (frontal). Photographs taken by the first author (AA) through a Leica stereomicroscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841682/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">4</figureCitation>
A–C). The dendrite-like connections between the two differently pigmented areas are especially noteworthy. It is possible that the oddly shaped eyes of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FB29FD62FA87FD1E" authority="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave, 2020" authorityName="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave" authorityYear="2020" box="[1238,1337,729,755]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ikaros" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FB29FD62FA87FD1E" box="[1238,1337,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">S. ikaros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FABEFD62FA22FD1E" bold="true" box="[1345,1436,729,755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DCD54FFCDBC36FABEFD62FA22FD1E" box="[1345,1436,729,755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
represent an adaptation to the light-deficient microhabitat of the species, i.e. deep galleries of ghost shrimps, in addition to fairly murky waters due to the mud and silt-dominated bottom. The only other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FB0EFC9AFAD4FCD6" authorityName="Holthuis" authorityYear="1955" box="[1265,1386,801,827]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FB0EFC9AFAD4FCD6" box="[1265,1386,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Salmoneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that has somewhat atypical eyes is
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FE11FCFEFD57FCB2" authority="Anker, 2011" authorityName="Anker" authorityYear="2011" box="[494,745,837,863]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="komaii">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FE11FCFEFDE8FCB2" box="[494,598,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">S. komaii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FDA3FCFEFD57FCB2" author="Anker, A." box="[604,745,837,863]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="67 - 84" refId="ref7723" refString="Anker, A. (2011) Three new species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the tropical western Pacific. Zootaxa, 2839 (1), 67 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2839.1.3" type="journal article" year="2011">Anker, 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, in which the cornea possesses an unusual lateral lobe (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FAABFCFEFF6CFC6E" author="Anker, A." pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="67 - 84" refId="ref7723" refString="Anker, A. (2011) Three new species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the tropical western Pacific. Zootaxa, 2839 (1), 67 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2839.1.3" type="journal article" year="2011">Anker 2011</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 5E). However,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FE46FCD2FD9CFC6E" authorityName="Anker" authorityYear="2011" box="[441,546,873,899]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="komaii">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FE46FCD2FD9CFC6E" box="[441,546,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">S. komaii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has very differently shaped chelipeds and is only remotely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FAC5FCD2FA22FC6E" authority="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave, 2020" authorityName="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave" authorityYear="2020" box="[1338,1436,873,899]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ikaros" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FAC5FCD2FA22FC6E" box="[1338,1436,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">S. ikaros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FF68FC36FF4FFC4A" bold="true" box="[151,241,909,935]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DCD54FFCDBC36FF68FC36FF4FFC4A" box="[151,241,909,935]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF25FCB5FFCDBC36FF68FA3FFC10FA08" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841682" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3841682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3841682/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" startId="6.[151,250,1412,1437]" targetBox="[151,1436,957,1387]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCDBC36FF68FA3FFC10FA08" blockId="6.[151,1437,1412,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FF68FA3FFEB3FA70" bold="true" box="[151,269,1412,1437]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FEE6FA3EFE72FA70" authority="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave, 2020" authorityName="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave" authorityYear="2020" box="[281,460,1413,1437]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ikaros" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FEE6FA3EFE72FA70" box="[281,460,1413,1437]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Salmoneus ikaros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FE2DFA3EFD9DFA70" bold="true" box="[466,547,1413,1437]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DCD54FFCDBC36FE2DFA3EFD9DFA70" box="[466,547,1413,1437]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype, ovigerous specimen (cl 4.2 mm) from Failaka Island, Kuwait (OUMNH.ZC. 2020.01.045), preserved individual: A, left eyestalk, lateral; B, left and right eyestalks, anterolateral; C, same, anterior (frontal). Photographs taken by the first author (AA) through a Leica stereomicroscope.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCDBC36FF38F9B5FD5EF8C9" blockId="6.[151,1436,1550,2045]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FF38F9B5FE6FF9C4" author="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N." box="[199,465,1550,1577]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="295 - 319" refId="ref7968" refString="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N. (2006) New records and species of Alpheidae (Crustacea, Decapoda) from Vietnam. Part I. Genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 54, 295 - 319." type="journal article" year="2006">Anker &amp; Marin (2006)</bibRefCitation>
established several informal species groups within
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FBD7F9B5FB1FF9C5" authorityName="Holthuis" authorityYear="1955" box="[1064,1185,1550,1576]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FBD7F9B5FB1FF9C5" box="[1064,1185,1550,1576]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Salmoneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, mainly based on the features of the rostro-orbital region and chelipeds. However, the dramatic increase of both number of species and morphological heterogeneity within the genus made at least some of these groupings artificial and/or obsolete, and it is now clear that some of them are non-monophyletic. Many species described since 2006 presented characters not in line with the species group definitions provided by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FD07F925FC42F954" author="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N." box="[760,1020,1694,1721]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="295 - 319" refId="ref7968" refString="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N. (2006) New records and species of Alpheidae (Crustacea, Decapoda) from Vietnam. Part I. Genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 54, 295 - 319." type="journal article" year="2006">Anker &amp; Marin (2006)</bibRefCitation>
, whereas others present intermediate or novel features (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FE65F979FD9CF931" author="Anker, A." box="[410,546,1730,1756]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="67 - 84" refId="ref7723" refString="Anker, A. (2011) Three new species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the tropical western Pacific. Zootaxa, 2839 (1), 67 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2839.1.3" type="journal article" year="2011">Anker 2011</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FDD1F979FC98F931" author="Komai, T. &amp; Anker, A." box="[558,806,1730,1756]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="60 - 68" refId="ref8812" refString="Komai, T. &amp; Anker, A. (2012) A distinctive new species of the alpheid genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from the northwestern Pacific. Zootaxa, 3344 (1), 60 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3344.1.4" type="journal article" year="2012">Komai &amp; Anker 2012</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FCCFF979FC47F931" author="Anker, A. &amp; Firdaus, M. &amp; Pratama, I. S." box="[816,1017,1730,1756]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="489 - 495" refId="ref7902" refString="Anker, A., Firdaus, M. &amp; Pratama, I. S. (2014) Salmoneus yoyo nov. sp., a peculiar new infaunal shrimp from Lombok, Indonesia (Decapoda, Caridea, Alpheidae). Zootaxa, 3852 (4), 489 - 495. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3852.4.6" type="journal article" year="2014">
Anker
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FC81F978FC08F931" box="[894,950,1730,1756]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FBFAF97AFB4CF930" author="Duris, Z. &amp; Horka, I." box="[1029,1266,1729,1757]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="773 - 793" refId="ref8441" refString="Duris, Z. &amp; Horka, I. (2016) Salmoneus chadwickae, a new alpheid shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Red Sea, with remarks on related or regional congeners. Marine Biodiversity, 46, 773 - 793. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 015 - 0427 - 4" type="journal article" year="2016">Ďuriš &amp; Horká 2016</bibRefCitation>
). Nevertheless, these informal groups still have utility as a first approximation, i.e. initial assessment of the morphological characters of a given species and its possible relationships.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCDBC37FF38F895FC75FF16" blockId="6.[151,1436,1550,2045]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,152,1475]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FF38F895FE33F8A5" authority="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave, 2020" authorityName="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave" authorityYear="2020" box="[199,397,1838,1864]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ikaros" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FF38F895FE33F8A5" box="[199,397,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Salmoneus ikaros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FE6BF895FE53F8A5" bold="true" box="[404,493,1838,1864]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DCD54FFCDBC36FE6BF895FE53F8A5" box="[404,493,1838,1864]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
appears to be morphologically closest to the species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FB77F895FA22F8A5" authority="Miya, 1972" authorityName=", Miya" authorityYear="1972" box="[1160,1436,1838,1864]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FB77F895FAAAF8A5" box="[1160,1300,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">S. gracilipes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FAE4F895FA22F8A5" author="Miya, Y." box="[1307,1436,1838,1864]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="23 - 101" refId="ref9101" refString="Miya, Y. (1972) The Alpheidae (Crustacea Decapoda) of Japan and its adjacent waters. Part I. Publications from the Amakusa Marine Biological Laboratory, Kyushu University, 3, 23 - 101, pls. 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1972">Miya, 1972</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
species group, as defined by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FE27F8E9FD64F880" author="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N." box="[472,730,1874,1901]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="295 - 319" refId="ref7968" refString="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N. (2006) New records and species of Alpheidae (Crustacea, Decapoda) from Vietnam. Part I. Genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 54, 295 - 319." type="journal article" year="2006">Anker &amp; Marin (2006)</bibRefCitation>
, based on the dorsally partly visible eyes and the general shape of the chelipeds. This group originally included, in addition to
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FC95F8CDFC46F87D" authorityName=", Miya" authorityYear="1972" box="[874,1016,1910,1936]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FC95F8CDFC46F87D" box="[874,1016,1910,1936]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">S. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the following species:
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FAF4F8CDFEF3F859" authority="De Grave, 2004" authorityName="De Grave" authorityYear="2004" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colinorum">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FAF4F8CDFA22F87D" box="[1291,1436,1910,1936]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">S. colinorum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FF68F821FEF3F859" author="De Grave, S." box="[151,333,1946,1972]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="41 - 48" refId="ref8360" refString="De Grave, S. (2004) A new species of Salmoneus (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from Palau. Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Biologie, 74, 41 - 48." type="journal article" year="2004">De Grave, 2004</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FEA7F821FCBCF859" authority="Anker &amp; Marin, 2006" authorityName="Anker &amp; Marin" authorityYear="2006" box="[344,770,1946,1972]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpheophilus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FEA7F821FDBBF859" box="[344,517,1946,1972]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">S. alpheophilus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FDF5F821FCBCF859" author="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N." box="[522,770,1946,1972]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="295 - 319" refId="ref7968" refString="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N. (2006) New records and species of Alpheidae (Crustacea, Decapoda) from Vietnam. Part I. Genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 54, 295 - 319." type="journal article" year="2006">Anker &amp; Marin, 2006</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FCF2F821FBC3F859" authority="Anker &amp; Marin, 2006" authorityName="Anker &amp; Marin" authorityYear="2006" box="[781,1149,1946,1972]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FCF2F821FC3EF859" box="[781,896,1946,1972]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">S. pusillus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FC79F821FBC3F859" author="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N." box="[902,1149,1946,1972]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="295 - 319" refId="ref7968" refString="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N. (2006) New records and species of Alpheidae (Crustacea, Decapoda) from Vietnam. Part I. Genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 54, 295 - 319." type="journal article" year="2006">Anker &amp; Marin, 2006</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FB77F821FE98F835" authority="Anker &amp; Marin, 2006" authorityName="Anker &amp; Marin" authorityYear="2006" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcidactylus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FB77F821FA8AF859" box="[1160,1332,1946,1972]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">S. falcidactylus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FAC6F821FE98F835" author="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N." pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="295 - 319" refId="ref7968" refString="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N. (2006) New records and species of Alpheidae (Crustacea, Decapoda) from Vietnam. Part I. Genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 54, 295 - 319." type="journal article" year="2006">Anker &amp; Marin, 2006</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FECCF805FDEBF835" authority="Anker, 2003" authorityName="Anker" authorityYear="2003" box="[307,597,1982,2008]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seticheles">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FECCF805FE00F835" box="[307,446,1982,2008]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">S. seticheles</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FE3AF805FDEBF835" author="Anker, A." box="[453,597,1982,2008]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="101 - 109" refId="ref7605" refString="Anker, A. (2003) New records of Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from northern Australia, with description of one new species and remarks on S. serratidigitus (Coutiere, 1896). Beagle-Records of the Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, 19, 101 - 109." type="journal article" year="2003">Anker, 2003</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FD9DF805FBAFF835" authority="Felder &amp; Manning, 1986" authorityName="Felder &amp; Manning" authorityYear="1986" box="[610,1041,1982,2008]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cavicolus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FD9DF805FD57F835" box="[610,745,1982,2008]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">S. cavicolus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FD0DF805FBAFF835" author="Felder, D. L. &amp; Manning, R. B." box="[754,1041,1982,2008]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="497 - 508" refId="ref8537" refString="Felder, D. L. &amp; Manning, R. B. (1986) A new genus and two new species of alpheid shrimps (Decapoda: Caridea) from South Florida. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 6, 497 - 508. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1548189" type="journal article" year="1986">Felder &amp; Manning, 1986</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and possibly
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC36FB4AF805FEF0F811" authority="Banner &amp; Banner, 1966" authorityName="Banner &amp; Banner" authorityYear="1966" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tafaongae">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FB4AF805FAFDF835" box="[1205,1347,1982,2008]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">S. tafaongae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FAB4F805FEF0F811" author="Banner, A. H. &amp; Banner, D. M." pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="145 - 188" refId="ref8084" refString="Banner, A. H. &amp; Banner, D. M. (1966) Contributions to the knowledge of the alpheid shrimp of the Pacific Ocean. Part X. Collections from Fiji, Tonga, and Samoa. Pacific Science, 20, 145 - 188." type="journal article" year="1966">Banner &amp; Banner, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC36FEA0F859FDE4F810" author="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N." box="[351,602,2018,2045]" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="295 - 319" refId="ref7968" refString="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N. (2006) New records and species of Alpheidae (Crustacea, Decapoda) from Vietnam. Part I. Genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 54, 295 - 319." type="journal article" year="2006">Anker &amp; Marin 2006</bibRefCitation>
). Among the species described since 2006, only
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCDBC37FB75F859FF6CFF5E" authority="Anker, 2010" authorityName="Anker" authorityYear="2010" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="84" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispaniolensis">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCDBC36FB75F859FAF6F811" box="[1162,1352,2018,2044]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="83">S. hispaniolensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCDBC37FAAFF859FF6CFF5E" author="Anker, A." lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" pagination="177 - 205" refId="ref7666" refString="Anker, A. (2010) The shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae) in the tropical western Atlantic, with description of five new species. Zootaxa, 2372 (1), 177 - 205. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2839.1.3" type="journal article" year="2010">Anker, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FF22FF22FDA6FF5E" authority="Anker, 2010" authorityName="Anker" authorityYear="2010" box="[221,536,153,179]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="camaroncito">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FF22FF22FE38FF5E" box="[221,390,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. camaroncito</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCCBC37FE72FF22FDA6FF5E" author="Anker, A." box="[397,536,153,179]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" pagination="177 - 205" refId="ref7666" refString="Anker, A. (2010) The shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae) in the tropical western Atlantic, with description of five new species. Zootaxa, 2372 (1), 177 - 205. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2839.1.3" type="journal article" year="2010">Anker, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FDB0FF22FBD5FF5E" authority="Komai, Yamada &amp; Yunokawa, 2015" authorityName="Komai, Yamada &amp; Yunokawa" authorityYear="2015" box="[591,1131,152,179]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antricola">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FDB0FF22FD6CFF5E" box="[591,722,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. antricola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCCBC37FD27FF22FBD5FF5E" author="Komai, T. &amp; Yamada, Y. &amp; Yunokawa, Y." box="[728,1131,152,179]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" pagination="413 - 420" refId="ref8871" refString="Komai, T., Yamada, Y. &amp; Yunokawa, Y. (2015) A new cave-dwelling species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from the Ryukyu Islands, southern Japan. Zootaxa, 4028 (3), 413 - 420. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4028.3.6" type="journal article" year="2015">Komai, Yamada &amp; Yunokawa, 2015</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
could be assigned to the
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FA78FF22FEB9FF3A" authorityName=", Miya" authorityYear="1972" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FA78FF22FEB9FF3A" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, based on their overall morphology (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCCBC37FD0EFF06FCC2FF3A" author="Anker, A." box="[753,892,189,215]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" pagination="177 - 205" refId="ref7666" refString="Anker, A. (2010) The shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae) in the tropical western Atlantic, with description of five new species. Zootaxa, 2372 (1), 177 - 205. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2839.1.3" type="journal article" year="2010">Anker 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCCBC37FC78FF06FBE9FF3A" author="Komai, T. &amp; Yamada, Y. &amp; Yunokawa, Y." box="[903,1111,188,215]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" pagination="413 - 420" refId="ref8871" refString="Komai, T., Yamada, Y. &amp; Yunokawa, Y. (2015) A new cave-dwelling species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from the Ryukyu Islands, southern Japan. Zootaxa, 4028 (3), 413 - 420. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4028.3.6" type="journal article" year="2015">
Komai
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FC24FF05FBB3FF3A" box="[987,1037,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">et al</emphasis>
. 2015
</bibRefCitation>
), although several characters of the latter two species do not totally fit into the definition of this group.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCCBC37FF38FEBEFDE6FBB6" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1475]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">
Among the above-mentioned species,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FD8AFEBEFCBFFEF2" authorityName=", Miya" authorityYear="1972" box="[629,769,261,287]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FD8AFEBEFCBFFEF2" box="[629,769,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FCF0FEBEFC21FEF2" authorityName="De Grave" authorityYear="2004" box="[783,927,261,287]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colinorum">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FCF0FEBEFC21FEF2" box="[783,927,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. colinorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FC52FEBEFBE4FEF2" authorityName="Anker &amp; Marin" authorityYear="2006" box="[941,1114,261,287]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpheophilus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FC52FEBEFBE4FEF2" box="[941,1114,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. alpheophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FB97FEBEFB65FEF2" authorityName="Anker &amp; Marin" authorityYear="2006" box="[1128,1243,261,287]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FB97FEBEFB65FEF2" box="[1128,1243,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. pusillus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FB15FEBEFA2BFEF2" authorityName="Anker &amp; Marin" authorityYear="2006" box="[1258,1429,261,287]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcidactylus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FB15FEBEFA2BFEF2" box="[1258,1429,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. falcidactylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FF68FE92FE9CFEAE" authorityName="Anker" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,290,297,323]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seticheles">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FF68FE92FE9CFEAE" box="[151,290,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. seticheles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FECEFE92FE00FEAE" authorityName="Banner &amp; Banner" authorityYear="1966" box="[305,446,297,323]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tafaongae">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FECEFE92FE00FEAE" box="[305,446,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. tafaongae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FE07FE92FDC2FEAE" authorityName="Komai, Yamada &amp; Yunokawa" authorityYear="2015" box="[504,636,297,323]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antricola">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FE07FE92FDC2FEAE" box="[504,636,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. antricola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occur in the Indo-West Pacific. Asides from its unique eyes,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FAC5FE92FA22FEAE" authority="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave, 2020" authorityName="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave" authorityYear="2020" box="[1338,1436,297,323]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ikaros" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FAC5FE92FA22FEAE" box="[1338,1436,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. ikaros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FF68FEF6FF4CFE8A" bold="true" box="[151,242,333,359]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DCD54FFCCBC37FF68FEF6FF4CFE8A" box="[151,242,333,359]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
can be distinguished from all of them by the shorter and typically proximally broader rostrum, as well as a number of other characteristics, e.g., from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FD6BFECAFC9CFE66" authorityName=", Miya" authorityYear="1972" box="[660,802,369,395]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FD6BFECAFC9CFE66" box="[660,802,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of a longitudinal depression on the major chela, the absence of a rostral carina and the presence of only one spiniform seta on the ischia of the third and fourth pereiopods (
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FE8FFE01FE39FE3E" box="[368,391,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">vs</emphasis>
. three in
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FE0BFE02FD3FFE3E" authorityName=", Miya" authorityYear="1972" box="[500,641,441,467]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FE0BFE02FD3FFE3E" box="[500,641,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCCBC37FD3EFE02FCFEFE3E" author="Miya, Y." box="[705,832,441,467]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" pagination="23 - 101" refId="ref9101" refString="Miya, Y. (1972) The Alpheidae (Crustacea Decapoda) of Japan and its adjacent waters. Part I. Publications from the Amakusa Marine Biological Laboratory, Kyushu University, 3, 23 - 101, pls. 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1972">Miya 1972</bibRefCitation>
); from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FC6BFE02FB9AFE3E" authorityName="De Grave" authorityYear="2004" box="[916,1060,441,467]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colinorum">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FC6BFE02FB9AFE3E" box="[916,1060,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. colinorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FBCCFE02FB5FFE3E" authorityName="Anker &amp; Marin" authorityYear="2006" box="[1075,1249,441,467]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpheophilus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FBCCFE02FB5FFE3E" box="[1075,1249,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. alpheophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FB0FFE02FA22FE3E" authorityName="Anker &amp; Marin" authorityYear="2006" box="[1264,1436,441,467]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcidactylus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FB0FFE02FA22FE3E" box="[1264,1436,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. falcidactylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FF38FE66FEEEFE1A" authorityName="Anker" authorityYear="2003" box="[199,336,477,503]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seticheles">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FF38FE66FEEEFE1A" box="[199,336,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. seticheles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the longer stylocerite, almost reaching the distal margin of the second article of the antennular peduncle (
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FEF3FDB9FE9DFDF6" box="[268,291,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">vs</emphasis>
. reaching or slightly overreaching its mid-length in the other species) (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCCBC37FBA6FDBAFB5EFDF6" author="Anker, A." box="[1113,1248,513,539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" pagination="101 - 109" refId="ref7605" refString="Anker, A. (2003) New records of Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from northern Australia, with description of one new species and remarks on S. serratidigitus (Coutiere, 1896). Beagle-Records of the Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, 19, 101 - 109." type="journal article" year="2003">Anker 2003</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCCBC37FB14FDBAFA26FDF6" author="De Grave, S." box="[1259,1432,513,539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" pagination="41 - 48" refId="ref8360" refString="De Grave, S. (2004) A new species of Salmoneus (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from Palau. Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Biologie, 74, 41 - 48." type="journal article" year="2004">De Grave 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCCBC37FF68FD9EFE35FDAD" author="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N." box="[151,395,549,576]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" pagination="295 - 319" refId="ref7968" refString="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N. (2006) New records and species of Alpheidae (Crustacea, Decapoda) from Vietnam. Part I. Genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 54, 295 - 319." type="journal article" year="2006">Anker &amp; Marin 2006</bibRefCitation>
); from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FE22FD9EFDD2FDD2" authorityName="De Grave" authorityYear="2004" box="[477,620,549,575]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colinorum">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FE22FD9EFDD2FDD2" box="[477,620,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. colinorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the uniform whitish colour of the body (
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FBA2FD9DFBC2FDD2" box="[1117,1148,550,575]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">vs.</emphasis>
with purple-brown transverse bands on the carapace and pleon in
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FD93FDF2FD42FD8E" authorityName="De Grave" authorityYear="2004" box="[620,764,585,611]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colinorum">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FD93FDF2FD42FD8E" box="[620,764,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. colinorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCCBC37FCC5FDF2FC55FD8E" author="De Grave, S." box="[826,1003,585,611]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" pagination="41 - 48" refId="ref8360" refString="De Grave, S. (2004) A new species of Salmoneus (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from Palau. Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Biologie, 74, 41 - 48." type="journal article" year="2004">De Grave 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCCBC37FC0BFDF2FB03FD8E" author="Anker, A. &amp; Pratama, I. S. &amp; Firdaus, M. &amp; Rahayu, D. L." box="[1012,1213,584,611]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" pagination="301 - 342" refId="ref8017" refString="Anker, A., Pratama, I. S., Firdaus, M. &amp; Rahayu, D. L. (2015) On some interesting marine decapod crustaceans (Alpheidae, Laomediidae, Strahlaxiidae) from Lombok, Indonesia. Zootaxa, 3911 (3), 301 - 342. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3911.3.1" type="journal article" year="2015">
Anker
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FBBDFDF1FBCAFD8E" box="[1090,1140,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">et al</emphasis>
. 2015
</bibRefCitation>
; Anker 2019); from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FF68FDD6FEFAFD6A" authorityName="Anker &amp; Marin" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,324,621,647]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpheophilus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FF68FDD6FEFAFD6A" box="[151,324,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. alpheophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of a post-rostral tubercle, and the much longer appendix masculina, almost twice as long as the appendix interna (vs. shorter than the appendix interna in
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FC51FD2AFBE2FD46" authorityName="Anker &amp; Marin" authorityYear="2006" box="[942,1116,657,683]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpheophilus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FC51FD2AFBE2FD46" box="[942,1116,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. alpheophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCCBC37FB65FD2AFA2EFD41" author="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N." box="[1178,1424,657,684]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" pagination="295 - 319" refId="ref7968" refString="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N. (2006) New records and species of Alpheidae (Crustacea, Decapoda) from Vietnam. Part I. Genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 54, 295 - 319." type="journal article" year="2006">Anker &amp; Marin 2006</bibRefCitation>
); from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FF2CFD0EFEFBFD22" authorityName="Anker &amp; Marin" authorityYear="2006" box="[211,325,693,719]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FF2CFD0EFEFBFD22" box="[211,325,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. pusillus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of a subdistal tooth on the ventral margin of the rostrum and post-rostral tubercle (
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FA81FD0DFA22FD22" box="[1406,1436,694,719]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">vs.</emphasis>
present in
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FEF3FD62FEC0FD1E" authorityName="Anker &amp; Marin" authorityYear="2006" box="[268,382,729,755]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FEF3FD62FEC0FD1E" box="[268,382,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. pusillus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the presence of a small notch on the posterior margin of the telson (
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FB76FD61FB19FD1E" box="[1161,1191,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">vs.</emphasis>
absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FAE6FD62FA32FD1E" authorityName="Anker &amp; Marin" authorityYear="2006" box="[1305,1420,729,755]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FAE6FD62FA32FD1E" box="[1305,1420,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. pusillus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and the stouter walking legs (third to fifth pereiopods), including the much shorter carpus of the third pereiopod (at most 0.7 as long as merus
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FE38FC99FE60FCD6" box="[455,478,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">vs</emphasis>
. as long as merus in
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FD2EFC9AFCFBFCD6" authorityName="Anker &amp; Marin" authorityYear="2006" box="[721,837,801,827]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FD2EFC9AFCFBFCD6" box="[721,837,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. pusillus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCCBC37FC7CFC9AFBC7FCD1" author="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N." box="[899,1145,801,828]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" pagination="295 - 319" refId="ref7968" refString="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N. (2006) New records and species of Alpheidae (Crustacea, Decapoda) from Vietnam. Part I. Genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 54, 295 - 319." type="journal article" year="2006">Anker &amp; Marin 2006</bibRefCitation>
); from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FB33FC9AFAC6FCD6" authorityName="Anker &amp; Marin" authorityYear="2006" box="[1228,1400,801,827]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcidactylus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FB33FC9AFAC6FCD6" box="[1228,1400,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. falcidactylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the ischia of the chelipeds and second pereiopods armed with cuspidate setae (
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FBF4FCFDFB97FCB2" box="[1035,1065,838,863]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">vs.</emphasis>
unarmed in
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FB48FCFEFADCFCB2" authorityName="Anker &amp; Marin" authorityYear="2006" box="[1207,1378,837,863]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcidactylus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FB48FCFEFADCFCB2" box="[1207,1378,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. falcidactylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the much more robust major chela and the stouter walking legs, including the shorter, more robust dactyli (
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FAF7FCD1FA99FC6E" box="[1288,1319,874,899]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">vs.</emphasis>
extremely slender, sickle-shaped dactyli in
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FDF4FC36FD09FC4A" authorityName="Anker &amp; Marin" authorityYear="2006" box="[523,695,909,935]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcidactylus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FDF4FC36FD09FC4A" box="[523,695,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. falcidactylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCCBC37FD09FC36FC53FC45" author="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N." box="[758,1005,909,936]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" pagination="295 - 319" refId="ref7968" refString="Anker, A. &amp; Marin, I. N. (2006) New records and species of Alpheidae (Crustacea, Decapoda) from Vietnam. Part I. Genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 54, 295 - 319." type="journal article" year="2006">Anker &amp; Marin 2006</bibRefCitation>
); from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FBBEFC36FB72FC4A" authorityName="Anker" authorityYear="2003" box="[1089,1228,909,935]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seticheles">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FBBEFC36FB72FC4A" box="[1089,1228,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. seticheles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of long fringing setae on the major chela (
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FDB8FC09FDDBFC26" box="[583,613,946,971]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">vs.</emphasis>
present in
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FD22FC0AFCDAFC26" authorityName="Anker" authorityYear="2003" box="[733,868,945,971]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seticheles">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FD22FC0AFCDAFC26" box="[733,868,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. seticheles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and the presence of armature on the major and minor cheliped ischia (
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FE84FC6DFE24FC02" box="[379,410,982,1007]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">vs.</emphasis>
absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FDF3FC6EFD2BFC02" authorityName="Anker" authorityYear="2003" box="[524,661,981,1007]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seticheles">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FDF3FC6EFD2BFC02" box="[524,661,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. seticheles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCCBC37FD2EFC6EFCE5FC02" author="Anker, A." box="[721,859,981,1007]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" pagination="101 - 109" refId="ref7605" refString="Anker, A. (2003) New records of Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from northern Australia, with description of one new species and remarks on S. serratidigitus (Coutiere, 1896). Beagle-Records of the Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, 19, 101 - 109." type="journal article" year="2003">Anker 2003</bibRefCitation>
); from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FC53FC6EFB86FC02" authorityName="Banner &amp; Banner" authorityYear="1966" box="[940,1080,981,1007]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tafaongae">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FC53FC6EFB86FC02" box="[940,1080,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. tafaongae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the anteriorly (not upwards) directed orbital teeth (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCCBC37FE47FC42FD7AFBF9" author="Banner, A. H. &amp; Banner, D. M." box="[440,708,1017,1044]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" pagination="145 - 188" refId="ref8084" refString="Banner, A. H. &amp; Banner, D. M. (1966) Contributions to the knowledge of the alpheid shrimp of the Pacific Ocean. Part X. Collections from Fiji, Tonga, and Samoa. Pacific Science, 20, 145 - 188." type="journal article" year="1966">Banner &amp; Banner 1966</bibRefCitation>
); and from the highly derived, cavernicolous
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FB35FC42FAF0FBFE" authorityName="Komai, Yamada &amp; Yunokawa" authorityYear="2015" box="[1226,1358,1017,1043]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antricola">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FB35FC42FAF0FBFE" box="[1226,1358,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. antricola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the much more robust major cheliped, with a very different serration on the cutting edges of the fingers, and several other characters (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCCBC37FE82FBFAFDF2FBB6" author="Komai, T. &amp; Yamada, Y. &amp; Yunokawa, Y." box="[381,588,1088,1115]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" pagination="413 - 420" refId="ref8871" refString="Komai, T., Yamada, Y. &amp; Yunokawa, Y. (2015) A new cave-dwelling species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from the Ryukyu Islands, southern Japan. Zootaxa, 4028 (3), 413 - 420. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4028.3.6" type="journal article" year="2015">
Komai
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FE2FFBF9FDB7FBB6" box="[464,521,1089,1115]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5AC3DFFCCBC37FF38FBDEFBC7FA2E" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1475]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FF38FBDEFE32FB92" authority="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave, 2020" authorityName="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave" authorityYear="2020" box="[199,396,1125,1151]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ikaros" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FF38FBDEFE32FB92" box="[199,396,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">Salmoneus ikaros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FE6DFBDEFE55FB92" bold="true" box="[402,491,1125,1151]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DCD54FFCCBC37FE6DFBDEFE55FB92" box="[402,491,1125,1151]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
can also be separated from all other Indo-West Pacific species of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FB39FBDEFA81FB92" authorityName="Holthuis" authorityYear="1955" box="[1222,1343,1125,1151]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FB39FBDEFA81FB92" box="[1222,1343,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">Salmoneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including all members of the
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FE58FB32FC9FFB4E" authority="(Coutiere, 1897)" baseAuthorityName="Coutiere" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[423,801,1161,1187]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serratidigitus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FE58FB32FDE2FB4E" box="[423,604,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. serratidigitus</emphasis>
(Coutière, 1897)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FCA2FB32FB1FFB4E" authority="(Coutiere, 1897)" baseAuthorityName="Coutiere" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[861,1185,1161,1187]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristatus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FCA2FB32FC65FB4E" box="[861,987,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. cristatus</emphasis>
(Coutière, 1897)
</taxonomicName>
groups, which highly likely also represent non-monophyletic groupings in their present compositions. The species morphologically closest to
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FF22FB6AFE81FB06" authority="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave, 2020" authorityName="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave" authorityYear="2020" box="[221,319,1233,1259]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ikaros" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FF22FB6AFE81FB06" box="[221,319,1233,1259]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. ikaros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FEB8FB6AFE1CFB06" bold="true" box="[327,418,1233,1259]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DCD54FFCCBC37FEB8FB6AFE1CFB06" box="[327,418,1233,1259]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
may be the poorly known
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FD29FB6AFB9BFB06" authority="(Coutiere, 1897)" baseAuthorityName="Coutiere" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[726,1061,1233,1259]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latirostris">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FD29FB6AFCDEFB06" box="[726,864,1233,1259]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. latirostris</emphasis>
(Coutière, 1897)
</taxonomicName>
, which has a very similar rostroorbital region of the carapace, including the anterior-most portion of the eyestalk being exposed dorsally (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCCBC37FAC5FB4EFF6DFADE" author="Coutiere, H." pageId="7" pageNumber="84" pagination="1 - 560" refId="ref8297" refString="Coutiere, H. (1899) Les &quot; Alpheidae &quot;, morphologie externe et interne, formes larvaires, bionomie. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie, Serie 8, 9, 1 - 560, pls. 1 - 6. [Masson, Paris] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13143" type="journal article" year="1899">Coutière 1899</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 21). However,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FE4EFAA2FD84FADE" baseAuthorityName="Coutiere" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[433,570,1305,1331]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latirostris">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FE4EFAA2FD84FADE" box="[433,570,1305,1331]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. latirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a faint rostral carina and is red-banded in life (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBD1CCFFCCBC37FB8DFAA2FAA9FADE" author="Coutiere, H." box="[1138,1303,1305,1331]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" pagination="1 - 560" refId="ref8297" refString="Coutiere, H. (1899) Les &quot; Alpheidae &quot;, morphologie externe et interne, formes larvaires, bionomie. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie, Serie 8, 9, 1 - 560, pls. 1 - 6. [Masson, Paris] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13143" type="journal article" year="1899">Coutière 1899</bibRefCitation>
), unlike our new species from
<collectingCountry id="F34DECADFFCCBC37FE9EFA86FE09FABA" box="[353,439,1341,1367]" name="Kuwait" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">Kuwait</collectingCountry>
. The recently described
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FD3AFA86FC6DFABA" authority="Anker, 2019" authorityName="Anker" authorityYear="2019" box="[709,979,1341,1367]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venustus">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FD3AFA86FCFEFABA" box="[709,832,1341,1367]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. venustus</emphasis>
Anker, 2019
</taxonomicName>
, also a symbiont of callianassid burrows, differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AD7BEFFCCBC37FEDAFADAFE39FA96" authority="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave, 2020" authorityName="Anker &amp; Al-Kandari &amp; Grave" authorityYear="2020" box="[293,391,1377,1403]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Salmoneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ikaros" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FEDAFADAFE39FA96" box="[293,391,1377,1403]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">S. ikaros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E702FFFCCBC37FE70FADAFE57FA96" bold="true" box="[399,489,1377,1403]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DCD54FFCCBC37FE70FADAFE57FA96" box="[399,489,1377,1403]" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
by the much shorter stylocerite, the presence of conspicuous anteromesial tubercles on the eyestalks, the more produced lateral plate of the third maxilliped, the absence of ischial armature on the chelipeds and all walking legs, as well as by the red-banded colour pattern (cf. Anker 2019).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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