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<document id="0A7D5E19DB15F647F2E8D36FD5FFE6DF" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4742.3.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="392c4688-2c0a-49c5-935e-30f7b2167da1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3677971" ID-ZooBank="584341F3-F381-434D-916E-1106078D5CBA" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1582273113625" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Azevedo, Celso O., Vargas, Juan M. &amp; Colombo, Wesley D." docDate="2020" docId="03D0879EBF12FFDF83ABEC13FAA68B73" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4742.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4742 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Discleroderma guamensis Azevedo, Vargas &amp; Colombo 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="478" masterDocId="FFE9FFE6BF1BFFD4833CEB3CFFA98E09" masterDocTitle="Synopsis of world Discleroderma Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae)" masterLastPageNumber="480" masterPageNumber="467" pageNumber="476" updateTime="1698720913973" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="8F47723420E244ACC4FDD07FBAAA6278">Synopsis of world Discleroderma Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C435CF12839769D48E87CE493DD428DF">Azevedo, Celso O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A654D5EC0385B77EC363709A674EFAB8">Vargas, Juan M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="51F94D81EEFAC237F6FC14500035555C">Colombo, Wesley D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2A73962CE74FBE35AE099A886AFA127E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8726E00CAE1B84A25AB1D7B1AE0F5B1B">
<mods:date id="BC7DDAD417243D5EDC043AEB005DC653">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="687489056E5E5849299DD7E64E7A9E39">2020-02-21</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AAC7AE544DF7138AC6760CF6C6846E9D">4742</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="C6D08323218E510075CA11BD35E7F308" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4742.3.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D0879EBF12FFDF83ABEC13FAA68B73" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3685036" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162244959" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3685036" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D0879EBF12FFDF83ABEC13FAA68B73" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0879EBF12FFDF83ABEC13FAA68B73" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="478" pageId="9" pageNumber="476">
<subSubSection id="C3636503BF12FFDD83ABEC13FC028940" box="[151,939,1839,1866]" pageId="9" pageNumber="476" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC63688BF12FFDD83ABEC13FC028940" blockId="9.[151,939,1839,1901]" box="[151,939,1839,1866]" pageId="9" pageNumber="476">
<heading id="D08E81E4BF12FFDD83ABEC13FC028940" bold="true" box="[151,939,1839,1866]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="476" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B90DEA9ABF12FFDD83ABEC13FC028940" bold="true" box="[151,939,1839,1866]" pageId="9" pageNumber="476">
<taxonomicName id="4C794D0BBF12FFDD83ABEC13FCE88940" authority="Azevedo, Vargas &amp; Colombo" authorityName="Azevedo, Vargas &amp; Colombo" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,833,1839,1866]" class="Insecta" genus="Discleroderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="476" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEA9ABF12FFDD83ABEC13FE788940" bold="true" box="[151,465,1839,1866]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="476">Discleroderma guamensis</emphasis>
Azevedo, Vargas &amp; Colombo
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57E1BF12FFDD8071EC13FC028940" box="[845,939,1839,1865]" pageId="9" pageNumber="476" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3636503BF12FFDF83ABEC6FFF068A76" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="478" pageId="9" pageNumber="476" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC63688BF12FFDD83ABEC6FFEA58964" blockId="9.[151,939,1839,1901]" box="[151,268,1875,1901]" pageId="9" pageNumber="476">
<figureCitation id="13422A0DBF12FFDD83ABEC6FFF718964" box="[151,216,1875,1901]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[188,1400,182,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[187,1400,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–D. Discleroderma dolium sp. nov., ♀. A. Habitus; B. Head, dorsal view; C. Mesosoma, dorsal view; D. Metaso- mal process, lateral view. E–H. Discleroderma guamensis sp. nov., ♀. E. Habitus; F. Head, dorsal view; G. Mesosoma, dorsal view; H. Metasomal process, lateral view. Scales-bars: 200μm, except 500μm for A and E; 100μm for D and H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3677977" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3677977/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="476">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
E–H
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC63688BF12FFDD83ABECA6FDC289D3" blockId="9.[151,1436,1946,2010]" pageId="9" pageNumber="476">
<emphasis id="B90DEA9ABF12FFDD83ABECA6FE2F89BC" bold="true" box="[151,390,1946,1973]" pageId="9" pageNumber="476">Description, female.</emphasis>
Body
<quantity id="4C819B6DBF12FFDD82F3ECA7FD9A89BF" box="[463,563,1947,1974]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.77" pageId="9" pageNumber="476" unit="mm" value="2.77">2.77 mm</quantity>
long. Forewing
<quantity id="4C819B6DBF12FFDD81D7ECA7FCE789BF" box="[747,846,1947,1974]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.78" pageId="9" pageNumber="476" unit="mm" value="1.78">1.78 mm</quantity>
long. LH
<quantity id="4C819B6DBF12FFDD80FCECA6FB8F89BF" box="[960,1062,1946,1974]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="476" unit="mm" value="0.54">0.54 mm</quantity>
. WH
<quantity id="4C819B6DBF12FFDD8759ECA6FB6589BF" box="[1125,1228,1946,1974]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="476" unit="mm" value="0.51">0.51 mm</quantity>
. WF
<quantity id="4C819B6DBF12FFDD863AECA7FAC489BF" box="[1286,1389,1947,1974]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="476" unit="mm" value="0.29">0.29 mm</quantity>
. HE
<quantity id="4C819B6DBF12FFDD83ABEC82FF5789D3" box="[151,254,1982,2010]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="476" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
. WOT
<quantity id="4C819B6DBF12FFDD8272EC83FE1C89D3" box="[334,437,1983,2010]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="476" unit="mm" value="0.14">0.14 mm</quantity>
. OOL
<quantity id="4C819B6DBF12FFDD813CEC83FDCE89D3" box="[512,615,1983,2010]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="476" unit="mm" value="0.13">0.13 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF066600BF11FFDE83ABECA5FAA889F0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3677977" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3677977" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3677977/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="477" startId="10.[151,250,1945,1970]" targetBox="[188,1400,182,1919]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BC63688BF11FFDE83ABECA5FAA889F0" blockId="10.[151,1436,1945,2042]" pageId="10" pageNumber="477">
<emphasis id="B90DEA9ABF11FFDE83ABECA5FEA489BB" bold="true" box="[151,269,1945,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="477">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
. A–D.
<taxonomicName id="4C794D0BBF11FFDE8268ECA6FD9E89BB" authority="Azevedo &amp; Vargas &amp; Colombo, 2020" authorityName="Azevedo &amp; Vargas &amp; Colombo" authorityYear="2020" box="[340,567,1946,1970]" class="Insecta" genus="Discleroderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dolium" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEA9ABF11FFDE8268ECA6FD9E89BB" box="[340,567,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="477">Discleroderma dolium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DEA9ABF11FFDE8101ECA6FD2489BB" bold="true" box="[573,653,1946,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="477">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57E1BF11FFDE8101ECA6FD2489BB" box="[573,653,1946,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="477" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, ♀. A. Habitus; B. Head, dorsal view; C. Mesosoma, dorsal view; D. Metaso- mal process, lateral view. E–H.
<taxonomicName id="4C794D0BBF11FFDE82E0EC82FD4C89DC" authority="Azevedo &amp; Vargas &amp; Colombo, 2020" authorityName="Azevedo &amp; Vargas &amp; Colombo" authorityYear="2020" box="[476,741,1982,2006]" class="Insecta" genus="Discleroderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEA9ABF11FFDE82E0EC82FD4C89DC" box="[476,741,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="477">Discleroderma guamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E57E1BF11FFDE81D0EC82FC9489DF" box="[748,829,1982,2006]" pageId="10" pageNumber="477" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B90DEA9ABF11FFDE81D0EC82FC9489DF" bold="true" box="[748,829,1982,2006]" pageId="10" pageNumber="477">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♀. E. Habitus; F. Head, dorsal view; G. Mesosoma, dorsal view; H. Metasomal process, lateral view. Scales-bars: 200μm, except 500μm for A and E; 100μm for D and H.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BC63688BF10FFDF83FBEB80FF4F8F4B" blockId="11.[151,1437,188,1403]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">
<emphasis id="B90DEA9ABF10FFDF83FBEB80FEA28EDE" bold="true" box="[199,267,188,215]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">Color</emphasis>
. Head dark castaneous, clypeus castaneous, antenna dark castaneous dorsally and castaneous ventrally, mandible castaneous, palpi light castaneous. Mesosoma dark castaneous, legs somewhat dark castaneous, tarsi light castaneous, wings hyaline, veins light castaneous. Metasoma dark castaneous, anterior area of sternites distinctly lighter.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC63688BF10FFDF83FBEA71FB168C6B" blockId="11.[151,1437,188,1403]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">
<emphasis id="B90DEA9ABF10FFDF83FBEA71FEAE8F6E" bold="true" box="[199,263,333,359]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">Head</emphasis>
. Head subbarrel-shaped in dorsal view, lateral margin outcurved, wider at level immediately posterior to eye top, sides of head little converging anterad, vertex outcurved. Gena not visible in dorsal view. Malar space large, about as long as proximal mandibular width. Malar sulcus absent. Anterior clypeal margin slightly thicker. Mandible with dorsal margin straight anteriorly, ventral margin incurved. Pedicel about 2.0 × as long as flagellomere I; mid flagellomeres slightly wider than longer. Frontal angle of ocellar triangle acute. Anterior margin of anterior ocellus crossing supra-ocular line. WH 0.94 × LH; WF 0.58 × WH; WF 1.19 × HE; OOL 1.18 × WOT. Intertorular space less than torular diameter. Frons coriaceous, punctures small, shallow and sparse. Frontal line carinate, very inconspicuous. Hypostomal carina conspicuous, evenly strongly arched, not angulate medially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC63688BF10FFDF83FBE951FE278A1B" blockId="11.[151,1437,188,1403]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">
<emphasis id="B90DEA9ABF10FFDF83FBE951FEEC8C8E" bold="true" box="[199,325,621,647]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">Mesosoma</emphasis>
. Dorsum of thorax more coriaceous than frons, punctures large, shallow and dense. Pronotal flange short, surface subvertical. Anteromesoscutum medially longer than mesoscutellum. Notauli absent. Parapsidal signum incomplete anteriorly, thick, conspicuous, slightly outcurved, converging posterad. Mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus evenly and slightly arched posterad laterally, little dilated laterally. Metapectal-propodeal disc with transverse anterior, metapostnotal median, first metapostnotal lateral and transverse posterior carinae; first metapostnotal lateral carina straight, incomplete posteriorly, lateral margin straight, parallel, disc weakly rugulose between and around first metapostnotal lateral carinae, otherwise coriaceous-weakly coriaceous. First abdominal spiracle elliptical, located on dorsal surface of metapectal-propodeal disc, not intercepted by lateral carina. Propodeal declivity coriaceous, without median carina. Lateral surface of metapectal-propodeal complex coriaceous. Mesopleuron weakly coriaceous, transepisternal line present only anteriorly, central pit minute. Forewing with prestigmal abscissa of R1 0.71 × as long as Rs&amp;M. Hind wing with one proximal hamulus and three distal hamuli not evenly spaced. Mesotibia strongly spinose.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC63688BF10FFDF83FBEF21FF068A76" blockId="11.[151,1437,188,1403]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">
<emphasis id="B90DEA9ABF10FFDF83FBEF21FEEA8A3E" bold="true" box="[199,323,1053,1079]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">Metasoma</emphasis>
. Tergite III without any tubercle; tergites IV–V with one pair of small callus-shaped tubercles, connected by transverse carina. Inter-tubercular space 1.0 × outer-tubercular space for both metasoma segments IV and V.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3636503BF10FFDF83FBEFB4FB928ACE" pageId="11" pageNumber="478" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC63688BF10FFDF83FBEFB4FB928ACE" blockId="11.[151,1437,188,1403]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">
<emphasis id="B90DEA9ABF10FFDF83FBEFB4FE1D8AAA" bold="true" box="[199,436,1160,1187]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B113CD5BF10FFDF8281EFB4FB928ACE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2570056222" collectingDate="1945-05-30" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="Guam I. &amp; Col. &amp; Henry S. Dybas &amp; Lot" country="United States of America" location="Marianas" municipality="Fadang" pageId="11" pageNumber="478" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54C2882ABF10FFDF8281EFB4FD8C8AAB" box="[445,549,1160,1186]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female, [
<collectingCountry id="F36E7618BF10FFDF81AFEFB5FB8D8AAA" box="[659,1060,1160,1187]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</collectingCountry>
]
<collectorName id="268C535EBF10FFDF8708EFB5FB3D8AAA" box="[1076,1172,1161,1187]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">Guam I.</collectorName>
,
<location id="8EA66053BF10FFDF8798EFB4FAA68AAB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D0879EBF12FFDF83ABEC13FAA68B73:8EA66053BF10FFDF8798EFB4FAA68AAB" box="[1188,1295,1160,1186]" country="United States of America" municipality="Fadang" name="Marianas" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">Marianas</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA2ACF2BF10FFDF8621EFB4FADB8AAB" box="[1309,1394,1160,1186]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">Fadang</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="FFC71048BF10FFDF86BCEFB5FEA48ACE" pageId="11" pageNumber="478" value="1945-05-30">
<collectingDate id="EF83E9A0BF10FFDF86BCEFB5FEA48ACE" pageId="11" pageNumber="478" value="1945-05-30">30 May 1945</collectingDate>
</date>
, beating vegetation,
<collectorName id="268C535EBF10FFDF82C8EF90FD8D8ACF" box="[500,548,1196,1222]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">Col.</collectorName>
&amp; pres. by
<collectorName id="268C535EBF10FFDF819AEF91FCF28ACF" box="[678,859,1196,1223]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">Henry S. Dybas</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="268C535EBF10FFDF805BEF91FC278ACE" box="[871,910,1197,1223]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">Lot</collectorName>
2089 (
<collectionCode id="ED68AE4DBF10FFDF80E7EF91FB868ACE" box="[987,1071,1197,1223]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="11" pageNumber="478" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3636503BF10FFDF83FBEFEDFBC58AE3" box="[199,1132,1232,1259]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BC63688BF10FFDF83FBEFEDFBC58AE3" blockId="11.[151,1437,188,1403]" box="[199,1132,1232,1259]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">
<emphasis id="B90DEA9ABF10FFDF83FBEFEDFEE78AE2" bold="true" box="[199,334,1233,1259]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet
<taxonomicName id="4C794D0BBF10FFDF8104EFEDFD078AE3" authorityName="Azevedo &amp; Vargas &amp; Colombo" authorityYear="2020" box="[568,686,1233,1258]" class="Insecta" genus="Discleroderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guamensis">
<emphasis id="B90DEA9ABF10FFDF8104EFEDFD078AE3" box="[568,686,1233,1258]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">guamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
refers to the
<typeStatus id="54C2882ABF10FFDF807EEFEDFCDB8AE2" box="[834,882,1233,1259]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">type</typeStatus>
locality
<collectingCountry id="F36E7618BF10FFDF80E8EFEDFBC18AE3" box="[980,1128,1232,1259]" name="Guam Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">Guam Island</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3636503BF10FFDF83FBEFC9FAA68B73" pageId="11" pageNumber="478" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC63688BF10FFDF83FBEFC9FAA68B73" blockId="11.[151,1437,188,1403]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">
<emphasis id="B90DEA9ABF10FFDF83FBEFC9FE928B06" bold="true" box="[199,315,1269,1295]" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C794D0BBF10FFDF8155EFC9FD758B07" authorityName="Azevedo &amp; Vargas &amp; Colombo" authorityYear="2020" box="[617,732,1268,1294]" class="Insecta" genus="Discleroderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dolium">
<emphasis id="B90DEA9ABF10FFDF8155EFC9FD758B07" box="[617,732,1268,1294]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">D. dolium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and they could be treated as a single species under a strictly morphological criteria.
<collectingCountry id="F36E7618BF10FFDF82A2EE25FD998B3B" box="[414,560,1304,1331]" name="Guam Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">Guam Island</collectingCountry>
, however, is an isolated island
<quantity id="4C819B6DBF10FFDF80B4EE24FC5B8B3B" box="[904,1010,1304,1331]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="478" unit="km" value="2500.0">2,500 km</quantity>
apart from North Ceram in
<collectingCountry id="F36E7618BF10FFDF8614EE24FA318B3B" box="[1320,1432,1304,1330]" name="Indonesia" pageId="11" pageNumber="478">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, which makes it unlikely that populations from these two interbreed. The only differences between both species are in the size of the pedicel and that the shape of the hypostomal carina being slightly more conspicuous.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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