560 lines
61 KiB
XML
560 lines
61 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5252/geodiversitas2023v45a3" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7682296" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:42F387E0-4A88-4A45-A0C5-293EDA47AB16" checkinTime="1677516483858" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Cadena, Edwin-Alberto & Vanegas, Rubén Dario" docDate="2023" docId="03D08786F661973C2FDAFC1BFE72FD0E" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.45.3.127-138.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 45 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00.4:Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Podocnemis tatacoensis Cadena & Vanegas 2023, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="132" masterDocId="FFE9FFFEF665973B2C0BFFEEFFD2FFC1" masterDocTitle="A new fossil turtle ends the controversy on the occurrence of the extant genus Podocnemis Wagler, 1830 at the Miocene fauna of La Venta, Colombia" masterLastPageNumber="138" masterPageNumber="127" pageNumber="129" updateTime="1677870233464" updateUser="julia" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new fossil turtle ends the controversy on the occurrence of the extant genus Podocnemis Wagler, 1830 at the Miocene fauna of La Venta, Colombia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cadena, Edwin-Alberto</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Vanegas, Rubén Dario</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-02-23</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>45</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>3</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>127</mods:start>
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<mods:end>138</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5252/geodiversitas2023v45a3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1638-9395</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7682296</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:42F387E0-4A88-4A45-A0C5-293EDA47AB16</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D08786F661973C2FDAFC1BFE72FD0E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D08786F661973C2FDAFC1BFE72FD0E" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">
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<subSubSection box="[977,1292,1013,1040]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[977,1292,1013,1040]" box="[977,1292,1013,1040]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">
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<heading box="[977,1292,1013,1040]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName authority="Cadena & Vanegas, 2023" authorityName="Cadena & Vanegas" authorityYear="2023" box="[977,1226,1013,1040]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tatacoensis" status="n. sp.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[977,1226,1013,1040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">Podocnemis tatacoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1233,1292,1014,1040]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="129" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[1079,1189,1045,1072]" box="[1079,1189,1045,1072]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">
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(
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<figureCitation box="[1088,1152,1045,1071]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[132,143,1917,1934]" captionTargetBox="[131,1449,215,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[700,1269,776,1343]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1. — Podocnemis tatacoensis n. sp. from the Middle Miocene (Serravallian), La Tatacoa Desert, Colombia: A, B, carapace in dorsal view; C, D, shell in left lateral view; D, shell in anterior view; F, G, plastron in ventral view. Abbreviations: Abd, abdominal scute; Ana, anal scute; co, costal; ent, entoplastron; epi, epiplastron; Ext, extragular scute; Fem, femoral scute; Hum, humeral scute; hyo, hyoplastron; hyp, hypoplastron; Int, intergular scute; M, marginal scute; mes, mesoplastron; mfo, musk foramina; ne, neural; nu, nuchal; P, pleural scute; pe, peripheral; Pec, pectoral scute; sp, suprapygal; py, pygal; V, vertebral scute; xip, xiphiplastron. Reconstructed bones showed in yellow shading. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7682298" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7682298/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation box="[1166,1180,1045,1071]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1897,1914]" captionTargetBox="[134,1454,215,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[700,1265,780,1348]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Podocnemis tatacoensis n. sp. details of its anatomy: A, B, close-up of the keeled neurals 2-4; C, D, left costal 1 in ventral view, sowing the shape of the axillary scar; E, left posterior margin of the carapace showing the bone predation trauma occurred to the peripherals;F, left peripherals 10-11 where the bone healed from the injury increasing the thickness and smoothing the surface; G, H, view of the right pelvic girdle; I, J, close-up of the three lateral musk foramina of the left hyoplastron-peripherals region.Abbreviations:axs, axillary scar; co, costal; hyo, hyoplastron;ili, ilium; isc, ischium; ker, keel rigde; M, marginal scute; mfo, musk foramina; ne, neural; sp, suprapygal; P, pleural scute; pe, peripheral; pub, pubis; py, pygal; res, resin; V, vertebral scute; xip, xiphiplastron. Scale bars: A, B, E, G, H, 2 cm; C, D, 1 cm; F, I, J, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7682302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7682302/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="4.[813,1455,1111,1128]" box="[813,1455,1111,1128]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">
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<uri box="[813,1455,1111,1128]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid box="[1032,1455,1111,1128]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">D0A48C11-8B8C-44BE-AF28-E5348C9051B9</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="129" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[811,1456,1177,1333]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">
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<typeStatus box="[813,918,1177,1200]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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. — Specimen VPPLT-1727, nearly complete shell missing: left peripheral 1; the most anteromedial portion of nuchal; left costal 4; portions of left costals 2, 3, and 5; right costal 2, portions of right costal 5, peripherals 8, 9, and 10; portions of peripherals 9-11; portion of the left epiplastron, and the most anteromedial region of hyoplastron.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="129" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[811,1457,1357,1725]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">
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DIAGNOSIS. —
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<taxonomicName authority="Cadena & Vanegas, 2023" authorityName="Cadena & Vanegas" authorityYear="2023" box="[964,1180,1357,1381]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tatacoensis" status="n. sp.">
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<emphasis box="[964,1180,1357,1381]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">Podocnemis tatacoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1186,1241,1358,1381]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, differs from all other extant species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" box="[991,1103,1383,1407]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[991,1103,1383,1407]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">Podocnemis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by having eight neurals, of which neural 8 interrupts the medial contact between costals 7 and the most anteromedial portion of costals 8. It shares with
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Troschel" authorityYear="1848" box="[1359,1452,1436,1460]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unifilis">P. unifilis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1935" box="[813,885,1463,1487]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vogli">P. vogli</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Spix" authorityYear="1824" box="[943,1111,1463,1487]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythrocephala">
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<emphasis box="[943,1111,1463,1487]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">P. erythrocephala</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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three lateral musk ducts in each hyoplastron-peripherals contact. It shares with
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Troschel" authorityYear="1848" box="[1292,1381,1489,1513]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unifilis">
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<emphasis box="[1292,1381,1489,1513]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">P. unifilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cornalia" authorityYear="1849" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sextuberculata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">P. sextuberculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName box="[974,1053,1517,1540]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="negrii">
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<emphasis box="[974,1053,1517,1540]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">P. negrii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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keeled neurals. It shares with all extant
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<taxonomicName box="[814,973,1542,1566]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis box="[814,924,1542,1566]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">Podocnemis</emphasis>
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spp.
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</taxonomicName>
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a nuchal bone being much wider than long. It shares with all extant and many fossil pelomedusoids (except
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1997" box="[813,932,1595,1619]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pritchardi">
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<emphasis box="[813,827,1596,1619]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">P</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[838,932,1595,1619]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">pritchardi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) a nearly rounded mesoplatra. It shares with all extant podocnemidids (
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<taxonomicName box="[983,1145,1622,1646]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis box="[983,1093,1622,1646]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">Podocnemis</emphasis>
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spp.
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Grandidier" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[1159,1457,1622,1646]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Erymnochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
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<emphasis box="[1159,1457,1622,1646]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">Erymnochelys madagascariensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schweigger" baseAuthorityYear="1812" box="[855,1111,1648,1672]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Peltocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dumerilianus">
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<emphasis box="[855,1111,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">Peltocephalus dumerilianus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) at least one musk foramen located at the most anterior tip of the sutural contact between hyoplastron and peripherals (axillary buttress region).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="129" type="distribution">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[813,1456,1749,1800]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">
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<collectionCode box="[813,974,1750,1773]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">TYPE LOCALITY</collectionCode>
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. — La Repartidora locality (
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<geoCoordinate box="[1298,1450,1749,1773]" degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" precision="1" seconds="40.98" value="3.32805">3°19’40.98”N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[813,956,1775,1799]" degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="5" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" precision="1" seconds="58.63" value="-75.099625">75°5’58.63”W</geoCoordinate>
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), La Tatacoa Desert,
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<collectingRegion box="[1159,1342,1776,1800]" country="Colombia" name="Huila" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">Huila Department</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1351,1452,1776,1800]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[813,1343,1823,1847]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" type="etymology">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[813,1343,1823,1847]" box="[813,1343,1823,1847]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">
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ETYMOLOGY. — ‘
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cadena & Vanegas" authorityYear="2023" box="[984,1082,1824,1847]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tatacoensis">
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<emphasis box="[984,1082,1824,1847]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">tatacoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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’, from the Tatacoa Desert.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[811,1456,1871,2027]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">
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STRATIGRAPHY, OCCURRENCE AND AGE. — Southeast from the Centro Poblado La Victoria, La Repartidora locality (
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<geoCoordinate box="[1312,1452,1898,1922]" degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" precision="1" seconds="40.98" value="3.32805">3°19’40.98”N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[813,956,1924,1948]" degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="5" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" precision="1" seconds="58.63" value="-75.099625">75°5’58.63”W</geoCoordinate>
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), La Tatacoa Desert,
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<collectingRegion box="[1159,1342,1924,1948]" country="Colombia" name="Huila" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">Huila Department</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1351,1452,1924,1948]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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. Lower segment of La Victoria Formation (
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<bibRefCitation author="GUERRERO J." box="[1219,1364,1950,1974]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" pagination="13 - 43" refId="ref8560" refString="GUERRERO J. 1997. - Stratigraphy, sedimentarty environments, and the Miocene uplift of the Colombian Andes, in KAY R. F., MADDEN R. H., CIFELLI R. L. & FLYNN J. J. (eds), Vertebrate Paleontology in the Neotropics, the Miocene Fauna of La Venta, Colombia. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington: 13 - 43." type="book chapter" year="1997">Guerrero 1997</bibRefCitation>
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), Middle Miocene (Serravallian) 13.778 ± 0.081 Ma (
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<bibRefCitation author="FLYNN J. J. & GUERRERO J. & SWISHER C." box="[1237,1400,1977,2001]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" pagination="44 - 60" refId="ref8307" refString="FLYNN J. J., GUERRERO J. & SWISHER C. 1997. - Geochronology of the Honda Group, in KAY R. F., MADDEN R. H., CIFELLI R. L. & FLYNN J. J. (eds), Vertebrate Paleontology in the Neotropics: the Miocene fauna of La Venta, Colombia. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington: 44 - 60." type="book chapter" year="1997">
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||
Flynn
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||
<emphasis box="[1300,1345,1977,2001]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
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||
1997
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
). San Alfonso Beds (
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||
<bibRefCitation author="MONTES C. & SILVA C. A. & BAYONA G. & VILLAMIL R. & STILES E. & CORCHO A. F. & TRIVINO A. & LAMUS F. & GRANADOS M. D. & ANGEL L. C. & HOYOS N. & GOMEZ S. & GALEANO J. J. & ROMERO E. & BAQUERO E. & ROZO A. L. & VON QUADT A." box="[955,1139,2003,2027]" pageId="4" pageNumber="129" pagination="587022" refId="ref9159" refString="MONTES C., SILVA C. A., BAYONA G., VILLAMIL R., STILES E., ROD- RIGUEZ- CORCHO A. F., BELTRAN- TRIVINO A., LAMUS F., MUNOZ- GRANADOS M. D., PEREZ- ANGEL L. C., HOYOS N., GOMEZ S., GALEANO J. J., ROMERO E., BAQUERO E., CARDENAS- ROZO A. L. & VON QUADT A. 2021. - A middle to late Miocene trans-Andean portal: Geologic record in the Tatacoa Desert. Frontiers in Earth Science 8: 587022. https: // doi. org / 10.3389 / feart. 2020.587022" type="journal article" year="2021">
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||
Montes
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||
<emphasis box="[1036,1083,2003,2027]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1161,1237,2003,2027]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,1127,1144]" captionTargetBox="[891,1080,301,1007]" captionTargetId="graphics-585@6.[891,1079,301,1007]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Stratigraphic context and temporal frame for Podocnemididae: A, chronostratigraphic context for the Honda Group (La Victoria and Villavieja formations), including the magnetostratigraphy, cartographic units, horizons and radiometric ages, as well as where the fossil podocnemidids occur including Podocnemis tatacoensis n. sp. Redrawn and modified from Montes et al. (2021); B, time of origination for the genera and some species of Podocnemididae based on the molecular hypothesis of Vargas-Ramírez et al. (2008) and fossil record (this study) for the clades that they represent.Abbreviations:Fm, formation;Gr, group;H, Holocene; L, Langhian; M, magnetostratigraphic chrons; Ma, million of years; Pleistoc., Pleistocene; Qut, Quaternary. Dotted lines indicate ghost lineage duration." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7682300" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7682300/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="129">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7682298" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7682298" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7682298/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="130" startId="5.[132,143,1917,1934]" targetBox="[131,1449,215,1832]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[132,1457,1917,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">
|
||
FIG. 1. —
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Cadena & Vanegas, 2023" authorityName="Cadena & Vanegas" authorityYear="2023" box="[215,421,1917,1934]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="5" pageNumber="130" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tatacoensis" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[215,421,1917,1934]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">Podocnemis tatacoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[428,477,1917,1934]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
from the Middle Miocene (Serravallian), La Tatacoa Desert, Colombia:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1081,1094,1917,1934]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1106,1119,1917,1934]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">B</emphasis>
|
||
, carapace in dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1344,1358,1917,1934]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">C</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1370,1384,1917,1934]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">D</emphasis>
|
||
, shell in left lateral view;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[271,285,1940,1957]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">D</emphasis>
|
||
, shell in anterior view;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[482,493,1940,1957]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">F</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[505,519,1940,1957]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">G</emphasis>
|
||
, plastron in ventral view. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[865,901,1940,1957]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">Abd</emphasis>
|
||
, abdominal scute;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1064,1099,1940,1957]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">Ana</emphasis>
|
||
, anal scute;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1209,1231,1940,1957]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">co</emphasis>
|
||
, costal;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1305,1333,1940,1957]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">ent</emphasis>
|
||
, entoplastron;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[132,159,1963,1980]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">epi</emphasis>
|
||
, epiplastron;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[273,302,1963,1980]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">Ext</emphasis>
|
||
, extragular scute;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[458,497,1963,1980]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">Fem</emphasis>
|
||
, femoral scute;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[631,673,1963,1980]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">Hum</emphasis>
|
||
, humeral scute;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[812,844,1963,1980]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">hyo</emphasis>
|
||
, hyoplastron;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[964,996,1963,1980]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">hyp</emphasis>
|
||
, hypoplastron;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1126,1149,1963,1980]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">Int</emphasis>
|
||
, intergular scute;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1300,1317,1963,1980]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">M</emphasis>
|
||
, marginal scute;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[132,170,1986,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">mes</emphasis>
|
||
, mesoplastron;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[307,342,1986,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">mfo</emphasis>
|
||
, musk foramina;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[489,511,1986,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">ne</emphasis>
|
||
, neural;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[584,606,1986,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">nu</emphasis>
|
||
, nuchal;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[685,697,1986,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">P</emphasis>
|
||
, pleural scute;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[828,850,1986,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">pe</emphasis>
|
||
, peripheral;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[956,990,1986,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">Pec</emphasis>
|
||
, pectoral scute;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1133,1154,1986,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">sp</emphasis>
|
||
, suprapygal;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1270,1291,1986,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">py</emphasis>
|
||
, pygal;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1359,1371,1986,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">V</emphasis>
|
||
, vertebral scute;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[188,214,2008,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="130">xip</emphasis>
|
||
, xiphiplastron. Reconstructed bones showed in yellow shading. Scale bar: 10 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[132,322,215,253]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">A Gr. Fm. M</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[306,325,273,284]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">n</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[306,325,291,294]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[306,325,285,292]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">1</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[348,880,215,264]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Cartographic Units B AGE</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[839,879,271,290]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">(Ma)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[901,1454,222,294]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">System Series Stage MOLECULAR FOSSIL RECORD</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[306,887,294,325]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">An 0</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[306,325,338,355]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">C</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[306,325,325,338]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">5</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[269,288,398,495]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Formation</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[303,318,379,398]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">R</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[306,325,432,443]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">n</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[306,325,458,515]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">An 5 C</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[306,325,455,458]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[306,325,443,455]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[317,329,379,398]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">5</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[354,507,395,440]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Undifferentiated Formation</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[390,472,370,389]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Villavieja</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[563,699,516,533]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">12.21±0.107 Ma</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[861,887,364,381]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">2.5</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[861,1298,328,479]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">
|
||
5.3
|
||
<emphasis box="[1279,1298,328,479]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Peltocephalinae</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[269,887,506,588]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Villavieja El Cardón Beds Red 23</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[152,325,597,741]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">MIOCENE Serravallian Group Honda R C</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[306,452,616,734]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">AAn 5 2 Cerbatana Cerbatana</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[364,441,744,763]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Tatacoa</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[366,450,587,606]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">La Venta</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[405,454,612,631]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Beds</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[447,496,744,763]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Beds</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[454,509,715,734]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Cong</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[455,494,587,606]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Red</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[458,887,632,755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Beds. 12.93 12.512 ± ± 0.23 0.102 Ma Ma 34 56</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[269,288,825,922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Formation</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[303,395,766,796]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">R1 Tatacoa</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[337,418,857,872]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Chunchullo</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[348,456,833,891]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Chunchullo Beds</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[399,476,766,781]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Sandstone</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[422,511,833,872]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Sandstone Beds</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[481,518,766,781]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Beds</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[563,678,807,824]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">13.342±0.408</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[661,782,834,904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<emphasis box="[661,782,834,904]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">
|
||
P
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" box="[661,782,834,904]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Podocnemis Podocnemis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[683,709,807,824]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Ma</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[687,877,834,904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schweigger" baseAuthorityYear="1812" box="[687,766,852,871]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="expansa">
|
||
<emphasis box="[687,766,852,871]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">expansa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1997" box="[786,877,834,904]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pritchardi">
|
||
cf
|
||
<emphasis box="[787,877,885,904]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">pritchardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[866,887,795,812]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">66</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[1099,1394,726,886]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1099,1394,726,886]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1099,1118,752,886]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Peltocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Peltocephalus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" box="[1375,1394,726,845]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Podocnemis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[269,1187,915,998]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Victoria ABn 5 C Cerro Cerro Beds Gordo Gordo Sandstone Beds 13.651±0.107 Ma 85.74 Ma</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[269,288,1005,1028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">La</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[563,887,994,1014]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">13.778±0.081 Ma 100</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[196,215,1049,1052]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[196,215,1051,1078]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">La</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[345,515,1031,1050]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">San Alfonso Beds</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1454,215,1078]" box="[652,945,1049,1068]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Cadena & Vanegas, 2023" authorityName="Cadena & Vanegas" authorityYear="2023" box="[652,885,1049,1068]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tatacoensis" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[652,885,1049,1068]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Podocnemis tatacoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[890,945,1049,1068]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7682300" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7682300" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7682300/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" startId="6.[132,143,1127,1144]" targetBox="[891,1080,301,1007]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[132,1458,1127,1235]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">
|
||
FIG. 2. — Stratigraphic context and temporal frame for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1868" box="[576,717,1127,1144]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||
<emphasis box="[576,717,1127,1144]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Podocnemididae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[726,739,1127,1144]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">A</emphasis>
|
||
, chronostratigraphic context for the Honda Group (La Victoria and Villavieja formations), including the magnetostratigraphy, cartographic units, horizons and radiometric ages, as well as where the fossil podocnemidids occur including
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Cadena & Vanegas, 2023" authorityName="Cadena & Vanegas" authorityYear="2023" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tatacoensis" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Podocnemis tatacoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[231,279,1173,1190]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Redrawn and modified from
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="MONTES C. & SILVA C. A. & BAYONA G. & VILLAMIL R. & STILES E. & CORCHO A. F. & TRIVINO A. & LAMUS F. & GRANADOS M. D. & ANGEL L. C. & HOYOS N. & GOMEZ S. & GALEANO J. J. & ROMERO E. & BAQUERO E. & ROZO A. L. & VON QUADT A." box="[517,682,1173,1190]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" pagination="587022" refId="ref9159" refString="MONTES C., SILVA C. A., BAYONA G., VILLAMIL R., STILES E., ROD- RIGUEZ- CORCHO A. F., BELTRAN- TRIVINO A., LAMUS F., MUNOZ- GRANADOS M. D., PEREZ- ANGEL L. C., HOYOS N., GOMEZ S., GALEANO J. J., ROMERO E., BAQUERO E., CARDENAS- ROZO A. L. & VON QUADT A. 2021. - A middle to late Miocene trans-Andean portal: Geologic record in the Tatacoa Desert. Frontiers in Earth Science 8: 587022. https: // doi. org / 10.3389 / feart. 2020.587022" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Montes
|
||
<emphasis box="[585,626,1173,1190]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2021)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[690,703,1173,1190]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">B</emphasis>
|
||
, time of origination for the genera and some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1868" box="[1163,1304,1173,1190]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1163,1304,1173,1190]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Podocnemididae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the molecular hypothesis of Vargas-Ramírez
|
||
<emphasis box="[442,475,1195,1212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2008) and fossil record (this study) for the clades that they represent.Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1173,1201,1195,1212]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Fm</emphasis>
|
||
, formation;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1298,1319,1195,1212]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
, group;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1386,1400,1195,1212]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">H</emphasis>
|
||
, Holocene;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[183,194,1218,1235]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">L</emphasis>
|
||
, Langhian;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[291,308,1218,1235]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">M</emphasis>
|
||
, magnetostratigraphic chrons;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[569,597,1218,1235]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Ma</emphasis>
|
||
, million of years;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[743,820,1218,1235]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Pleistoc.</emphasis>
|
||
, Pleistocene;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[937,969,1218,1235]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Qut</emphasis>
|
||
, Quaternary. Dotted lines indicate ghost lineage duration.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[131,776,1300,2028]" box="[132,486,1300,1326]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">DESCRIPTION AND COMPARISONS</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[131,776,1300,2028]" box="[132,228,1332,1358]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<emphasis box="[132,228,1332,1358]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Carapace</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[131,776,1300,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">
|
||
The carapace of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Cadena & Vanegas, 2023" authorityName="Cadena & Vanegas" authorityYear="2023" box="[310,551,1363,1389]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tatacoensis" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[310,551,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Podocnemis tatacoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[557,616,1364,1390]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[632,744,1363,1390]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[132,143,1917,1934]" captionTargetBox="[131,1449,215,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[700,1269,776,1343]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1. — Podocnemis tatacoensis n. sp. from the Middle Miocene (Serravallian), La Tatacoa Desert, Colombia: A, B, carapace in dorsal view; C, D, shell in left lateral view; D, shell in anterior view; F, G, plastron in ventral view. Abbreviations: Abd, abdominal scute; Ana, anal scute; co, costal; ent, entoplastron; epi, epiplastron; Ext, extragular scute; Fem, femoral scute; Hum, humeral scute; hyo, hyoplastron; hyp, hypoplastron; Int, intergular scute; M, marginal scute; mes, mesoplastron; mfo, musk foramina; ne, neural; nu, nuchal; P, pleural scute; pe, peripheral; Pec, pectoral scute; sp, suprapygal; py, pygal; V, vertebral scute; xip, xiphiplastron. Reconstructed bones showed in yellow shading. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7682298" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7682298/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
) is elongated (
|
||
<quantity box="[254,346,1395,1422]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.32" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" unit="cm" value="23.2">23.2 cm</quantity>
|
||
maximum length) with anterior (
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" unit="cm" value="16.5">16.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
) and posterior (
|
||
<quantity box="[360,459,1427,1454]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" unit="cm" value="17.5">17.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
) regions exhibiting almost similar width. This aspect shows wide variation among podocnemidids, but it is very common that the carapace of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schweigger" baseAuthorityYear="1812" box="[165,278,1523,1548]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="expansa">
|
||
<emphasis box="[165,278,1523,1548]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">P. expansa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dumeril" authorityYear="1852" box="[296,413,1523,1549]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lewyana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[296,413,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">P. lewyana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cornalia" authorityYear="1849" box="[475,658,1523,1549]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sextuberculata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[475,658,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">P. sextuberculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are wider in the posterior region, a condition maintained during their ontogeny. A similar shape is exhibited by the fossil
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1997" box="[133,370,1618,1644]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pritchardi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[133,370,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Podocnemis pritchardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(here reattributed to the genus), but is unknown for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1997" box="[306,421,1650,1677]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="medemi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[306,322,1651,1676]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[337,421,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">medemi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(here reattributed to the genus) and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[183,279,1683,1709]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="negrii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[183,199,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[216,279,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">negrii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="CARVALHO P. & BOCQUENTIN J. & LAPPARENT DE BROIN F." box="[298,533,1682,1708]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" pagination="677 - 686" refId="ref7960" refString="CARVALHO P., BOCQUENTIN J. & LAPPARENT DE BROIN F. 2002. - Une nouvelle espece de Podocnemis (Pleurodira, Podocnemididae) provenant du Neogene de la formation Solimoes, Acre, Bresil. Geobios 35 (6): 677 - 686. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0016 - 6995 (02) 00081 - 5" type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Carvalho
|
||
<emphasis box="[411,467,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, here reattributed to the genus) due to preservation. The bone surface of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Cadena & Vanegas, 2023" authorityName="Cadena & Vanegas" authorityYear="2023" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tatacoensis" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">P. tatacoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[212,275,1746,1772]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is smooth as in almost all other extant and fossil podocnemidids. The carapace exhibits a low domed shape in lateral and anterior views (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[539,604,1810,1836]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[132,143,1917,1934]" captionTargetBox="[131,1449,215,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[700,1269,776,1343]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1. — Podocnemis tatacoensis n. sp. from the Middle Miocene (Serravallian), La Tatacoa Desert, Colombia: A, B, carapace in dorsal view; C, D, shell in left lateral view; D, shell in anterior view; F, G, plastron in ventral view. Abbreviations: Abd, abdominal scute; Ana, anal scute; co, costal; ent, entoplastron; epi, epiplastron; Ext, extragular scute; Fem, femoral scute; Hum, humeral scute; hyo, hyoplastron; hyp, hypoplastron; Int, intergular scute; M, marginal scute; mes, mesoplastron; mfo, musk foramina; ne, neural; nu, nuchal; P, pleural scute; pe, peripheral; Pec, pectoral scute; sp, suprapygal; py, pygal; V, vertebral scute; xip, xiphiplastron. Reconstructed bones showed in yellow shading. Scale bar: 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7682298" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7682298/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
C-E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[131,776,1300,2028]" lastBlockId="7.[131,776,215,720]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">
|
||
The nuchal bone of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Cadena & Vanegas, 2023" authorityName="Cadena & Vanegas" authorityYear="2023" box="[398,541,1842,1867]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tatacoensis" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[398,541,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">P. tatacoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[549,613,1842,1868]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is trapezoidal in shape, being much wider than long. This was considered to be a diagnostic feature of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" box="[516,641,1905,1931]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[516,641,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Podocnemis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="GAFFNEY E. S. & MEYLAN P. A. & WOOD R. C. & SIMONS E. & DE ALMEIDA CAMPOS D." pageId="6" pageNumber="131" pagination="1 - 237" refId="ref8383" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., MEYLAN P. A., WOOD R. C., SIMONS E. & DE ALMEIDA CAMPOS D. 2011. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the family Podocnemididae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 350: 1 - 237. https: // doi. org / 10.1206 / 350.1" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis box="[132,192,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The neural series is composed of eight bones. This contrasts all extant
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" box="[492,617,1969,1995]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[492,617,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Podocnemis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the fossil
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[132,221,2002,2027]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="negrii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[132,221,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">P. negrii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which exhibit seven neurals. Some specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cornalia" authorityYear="1849" box="[812,990,1299,1325]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sextuberculata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[812,990,1299,1325]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">P. sextuberculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dumeril" authorityYear="1852" box="[1044,1156,1299,1325]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lewyana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1044,1156,1299,1325]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">P. lewyana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibit six neurals, similar to the fossil
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1997" box="[958,1093,1331,1357]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pritchardi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[958,1093,1331,1357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">P. pritchardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as well as the extant podocnemidid
|
||
<emphasis box="[892,1246,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Grandidier" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[892,1242,1363,1389]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Erymnochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">Erymnochelys madagascariensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The neural series number is unknown for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1997" box="[1084,1193,1395,1421]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="medemi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1084,1193,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">P. medemi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to preservation. In the extant podocnemidid
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schweigger" baseAuthorityYear="1812" box="[1114,1412,1427,1453]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Peltocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dumerilianus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1114,1412,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Peltocephalus dumerilianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the number of neurals can be either eight or seven. Neural 8 of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Cadena & Vanegas, 2023" authorityName="Cadena & Vanegas" authorityYear="2023" box="[866,1007,1492,1517]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tatacoensis" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[866,1007,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">P. tatacoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1014,1076,1491,1517]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
hinder a medial contact between costals 7 and the most anteromedial portion of costals 8, but does not reach the suprapygal, as can be the case of other turtles with eight neurals as for example the bothremydid
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Gaffney et al. 2006)" baseAuthorityName="Gaffney" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[915,1385,1618,1645]" family="Bothremydidae" genus="Cearachelys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="placidoi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[915,1134,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Cearachelys placidoi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="GAFFNEY E. S. & TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A." box="[1152,1372,1618,1644]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" pagination="1 - 700" refId="ref8447" refString="GAFFNEY E. S., TONG H. & MEYLAN P. A. 2006. - Evolution of the side-necked turtles: the families Bothremydidae, Euraxemydidae, and Araripemydidae. American Museum Novitates 300: 1 - 700. https: // doi. org / 10.1206 / 0003 - 0090 (2006) 300 [1: Eotstt] 2.0. Co; 2" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Gaffney
|
||
<emphasis box="[1251,1306,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Neurals 2-4 are moderately keeled dorsally (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1269,1387,1650,1677]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1897,1914]" captionTargetBox="[134,1454,215,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[700,1265,780,1348]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Podocnemis tatacoensis n. sp. details of its anatomy: A, B, close-up of the keeled neurals 2-4; C, D, left costal 1 in ventral view, sowing the shape of the axillary scar; E, left posterior margin of the carapace showing the bone predation trauma occurred to the peripherals;F, left peripherals 10-11 where the bone healed from the injury increasing the thickness and smoothing the surface; G, H, view of the right pelvic girdle; I, J, close-up of the three lateral musk foramina of the left hyoplastron-peripherals region.Abbreviations:axs, axillary scar; co, costal; hyo, hyoplastron;ili, ilium; isc, ischium; ker, keel rigde; M, marginal scute; mfo, musk foramina; ne, neural; sp, suprapygal; P, pleural scute; pe, peripheral; pub, pubis; py, pygal; res, resin; V, vertebral scute; xip, xiphiplastron. Scale bars: A, B, E, G, H, 2 cm; C, D, 1 cm; F, I, J, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7682302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7682302/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
) as in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cornalia" authorityYear="1849" box="[813,992,1682,1708]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sextuberculata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[813,992,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">P. sextuberculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1006,1094,1683,1708]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="negrii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1006,1094,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">P. negrii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and some
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Troschel" authorityYear="1848" box="[1212,1314,1682,1708]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unifilis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1212,1314,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">P. unifilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Cadena & Vanegas, 2023" authorityName="Cadena & Vanegas" authorityYear="2023" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tatacoensis" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Podocnemis tatacoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[935,996,1715,1741]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has eight pairs of costals, eleven pairs of peripherals, a suprapygal and a pygal bone, as in all other extant and fossil podocnenimidids specifically and most pelomedusoids in general. Costal 1 exhibits a strong axillary scar on the ventral surface that occupies most of the central portion of the bone and projects onto peripherals 2 and 3 (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[924,1056,1905,1932]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1897,1914]" captionTargetBox="[134,1454,215,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[700,1265,780,1348]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Podocnemis tatacoensis n. sp. details of its anatomy: A, B, close-up of the keeled neurals 2-4; C, D, left costal 1 in ventral view, sowing the shape of the axillary scar; E, left posterior margin of the carapace showing the bone predation trauma occurred to the peripherals;F, left peripherals 10-11 where the bone healed from the injury increasing the thickness and smoothing the surface; G, H, view of the right pelvic girdle; I, J, close-up of the three lateral musk foramina of the left hyoplastron-peripherals region.Abbreviations:axs, axillary scar; co, costal; hyo, hyoplastron;ili, ilium; isc, ischium; ker, keel rigde; M, marginal scute; mfo, musk foramina; ne, neural; sp, suprapygal; P, pleural scute; pe, peripheral; pub, pubis; py, pygal; res, resin; V, vertebral scute; xip, xiphiplastron. Scale bars: A, B, E, G, H, 2 cm; C, D, 1 cm; F, I, J, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7682302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7682302/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Fig. 3C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The left posterior margin of the carapace of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Cadena & Vanegas, 2023" authorityName="Cadena & Vanegas" authorityYear="2023" box="[940,1078,1938,1963]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tatacoensis" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[940,1078,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">P. tatacoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1085,1144,1938,1964]" pageId="6" pageNumber="131" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
shows a pathology affecting peripherals 10, 11 and pygal (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1147,1231,1969,1996]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1897,1914]" captionTargetBox="[134,1454,215,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[700,1265,780,1348]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Podocnemis tatacoensis n. sp. details of its anatomy: A, B, close-up of the keeled neurals 2-4; C, D, left costal 1 in ventral view, sowing the shape of the axillary scar; E, left posterior margin of the carapace showing the bone predation trauma occurred to the peripherals;F, left peripherals 10-11 where the bone healed from the injury increasing the thickness and smoothing the surface; G, H, view of the right pelvic girdle; I, J, close-up of the three lateral musk foramina of the left hyoplastron-peripherals region.Abbreviations:axs, axillary scar; co, costal; hyo, hyoplastron;ili, ilium; isc, ischium; ker, keel rigde; M, marginal scute; mfo, musk foramina; ne, neural; sp, suprapygal; P, pleural scute; pe, peripheral; pub, pubis; py, pygal; res, resin; V, vertebral scute; xip, xiphiplastron. Scale bars: A, B, E, G, H, 2 cm; C, D, 1 cm; F, I, J, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7682302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7682302/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="131">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
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), potentially caused by a predator attack. There is evidence that the individual recovered from this injury via bone remodeling, expressed as a major thickening and smooth surface of bone in this region (
|
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<figureCitation box="[222,307,279,306]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1897,1914]" captionTargetBox="[134,1454,215,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[700,1265,780,1348]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Podocnemis tatacoensis n. sp. details of its anatomy: A, B, close-up of the keeled neurals 2-4; C, D, left costal 1 in ventral view, sowing the shape of the axillary scar; E, left posterior margin of the carapace showing the bone predation trauma occurred to the peripherals;F, left peripherals 10-11 where the bone healed from the injury increasing the thickness and smoothing the surface; G, H, view of the right pelvic girdle; I, J, close-up of the three lateral musk foramina of the left hyoplastron-peripherals region.Abbreviations:axs, axillary scar; co, costal; hyo, hyoplastron;ili, ilium; isc, ischium; ker, keel rigde; M, marginal scute; mfo, musk foramina; ne, neural; sp, suprapygal; P, pleural scute; pe, peripheral; pub, pubis; py, pygal; res, resin; V, vertebral scute; xip, xiphiplastron. Scale bars: A, B, E, G, H, 2 cm; C, D, 1 cm; F, I, J, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7682302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7682302/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="132">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
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).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[131,776,215,720]" pageId="7" pageNumber="132">
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||
The sulci left by the scutes are well preserved in
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<taxonomicName authority="Cadena & Vanegas, 2023" authorityName="Cadena & Vanegas" authorityYear="2023" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="132" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tatacoensis" status="n. sp.">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="132">P. tatacoensis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[206,266,343,369]" pageId="7" pageNumber="132" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, lacking cervical scute as in all other pelomedusoids. There were five vertebral scutes, vertebral 1 reaching peripherals 1 anterolaterally as in all other podocnemidids and many other pelomedusoids. Vertebrals 2-4 had almost similar width, and vertebral 5 reached peripherals 10. Despite minor variations in the shape, all these vertebrals exhibit the same contacts between each other and pleurals, as well as covered the same bones (neurals, costals, peripherals, suprapygal, and pygal) as in all other extant and fossil podocnemidids.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Cadena & Vanegas, 2023" authorityName="Cadena & Vanegas" authorityYear="2023" box="[448,700,630,656]" class="Reptilia" family="Podocnemididae" genus="Podocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="132" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tatacoensis" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[448,700,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="132">Podocnemis tatacoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[710,774,630,656]" pageId="7" pageNumber="132" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
had four pleural and twelve marginal scutes, as is common for podocnemidids.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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</treatment>
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</document> |