150 lines
18 KiB
XML
150 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="BEE748877871B64CA40DBED3F9BF90A0" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4012.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0b7d3317-e0a6-4491-a068-bc0378359441" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="289354" ID-ZooBank="4DE5E609-AC90-4AA5-84D1-AA0D86B5C4DB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461224212127" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Braun, Holger" docDate="2015" docId="03A987CF054AA915FF452D76FE3222A1" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04012p032.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4012 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Typophyllum bolivari Vignon 1925" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FF90FFB70544A91BFFD22C5EFFA42676" masterDocTitle="Little walking leaves from southeast Ecuador: biology and taxonomy of Typophyllum species (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Pterochrozinae)" masterLastPageNumber="32" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1698604814266" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="AC132C573FC1CB26A094CDA5D9EA7D39">Little walking leaves from southeast Ecuador: biology and taxonomy of Typophyllum species (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Pterochrozinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E59377A555D5B54309950D5A060C89B6" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D0C220DCD380B294CF8F3C04FF834F32">Braun, Holger</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8E393BFE3C73DC17A5EED533328D393F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C81AEAE8F02403AE7499E6248C70F9FE">
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<mods:date id="BA401888F9BF5B4B0E0711734859FB3C">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4F7C58A6327FAC8267BADF1651118215">4012</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5E5E6834E7678125FB3468DA3F67D829" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4012.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A987CF054AA915FF452D76FE3222A1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6103126" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127692958" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6103126" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A987CF054AA915FF452D76FE3222A1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A987CF054AA915FF452D76FE3222A1" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<subSubSection id="C31A6552054AA915FF452D76FE9227B4" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBF36D9054AA915FF452D76FD992734" blockId="14.[151,1436,296,450]" box="[151,573,296,322]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<heading id="D0F781B5054AA915FF452D76FD992734" bold="true" box="[151,573,296,322]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C004D5A054AA915FF452D76FD992734" authority="Vignon 1925" authorityName="Vignon" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,573,296,322]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Typophyllum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolivari">
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<emphasis id="B974EACB054AA915FF452D76FD992734" bold="true" box="[151,573,296,322]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="B974EACB054AA915FF452D76FE3E2734" bold="true" box="[151,410,296,322]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Typophyllum bolivari</emphasis>
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Vignon 1925
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBF36D9054AA915FF452D14FEAF2715" blockId="14.[151,1436,296,450]" box="[151,267,330,355]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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(
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<figureCitation id="133B2A5C054AA915FF4D2D14FF4A2715" box="[159,238,330,355]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1460,1482]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,203,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1435,193,1438]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Typophyllum onkiosternum sp. nov. (A – C): A. female (paratype, tegmen length 24 mm), B. male (holotype, tegmen length 14.5 mm), C. female nymph (cbt 002 s 12); Typophyllum sp., unknown male of species described from females only or new species (D – F, cbt 003 s 08): D. nymph, E, F. adult; G. Typophyllum bolivari, nymph; photos of live individuals staged during day and approximately to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/289365/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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G)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBF36D9054AA915FF452D30FC0B27F2" blockId="14.[151,1436,296,450]" box="[151,943,366,388]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid:
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<taxonomicName id="4C004D5A054AA915FE342D30FDFE27F2" box="[486,602,366,388]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Orthoptera</taxonomicName>
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.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:5486
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBF36D9054AA915FF452DD3FE9227B4" blockId="14.[151,1436,296,450]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF914B28054AA915FF452DD3FE8827D5" author="Vignon" box="[151,300,397,419]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Vignon, P. (1925 a) Essai de classification du genre Typophyllum Serville (Orth. Phasgon.). A propos des quatre especes nouvelles dont les types sont au Musee de Madrid. EOS, Revista Espanola de Entomologia, 1, 249 - 281." type="journal article" year="1925" yearSuffix="a">Vignon 1925a</bibRefCitation>
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: 273,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF914B28054AA915FEBD2DD3FE5E27D5" author="Vignon" box="[367,506,397,419]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Vignon, P. (1931) Recherches sur les Sauterelles-Feuilles de l'Amerique tropicale. Archives du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 5, 57 - 212." type="journal article" year="1931">Vignon 1931</bibRefCitation>
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: 137,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF914B28054AA915FDEE2DD3FD1727D5" author="Beier" box="[572,691,397,419]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Beier, M. (1960) Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Pseudophyllinae II. Das Tierreich, 74, 1 - 396." type="journal article" year="1960">Beier 1960</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 367,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF914B28054AA915FD242DD3FC1D27D5" author="Morris" box="[758,953,397,419]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Morris, G. K., Klimas, D. E. & Nickle, D. (1989) Acoustic signals and systematics of false-leaf katydids from Ecuador (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Pseudophyllinae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 114, 215 - 264." type="journal article" year="1989">
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Morris
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<emphasis id="B974EACB054AA915FC972DD0FCD827D5" box="[837,892,397,419]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
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1989
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF914B28054AA915FC152DD3FB6F27D5" author="Castner" box="[967,1227,397,419]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Castner, J. L. & Nickle, D. A. (1995 a) Observations on the behavior and biology of leaf-mimicking katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae: Pterochrozini). Journal of Orthoptera Research, 4, 93 - 98. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3503463" type="journal article" year="1995" yearSuffix="a">Castner & Nickle 1995a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF914B28054AA915FB1D2DD3FB7927D5" author="Castner" box="[1231,1245,397,419]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Castner, J. L. & Nickle, D. A. (1995 b) Intraspecific color polymorphism in leaf-mimicking katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae: Pterochrozini). Journal of Orthoptera Research, 4, 99 - 104. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3503464" type="journal article" year="1995" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF914B28054AA915FB332DD3FB4927D5" author="Castner" box="[1249,1261,397,419]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Castner, J. L. & Nickle, D. A. (1995 c) Notes on the biology and ecology of the leaf-mimicking katydid Typophyllum bolivari Vignon (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae: Pterochrozini). Journal of Orthoptera Research, 4, 105 - 109. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3503465" type="journal article" year="1995" yearSuffix="c">c</bibRefCitation>
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, and some other references.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C31A6552054AA915FF452DB0FDEB245D" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BBF36D9054AA915FF452DB0FDEB245D" blockId="14.[151,1436,494,1239]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="B974EACB054AA915FF452DB0FE3D2471" bold="true" box="[151,409,494,519]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Examined specimens.</emphasis>
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Not collected, photos of a female nymph (
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<date id="FFBE1019054AA915FC5A2DB1FB9F2471" box="[904,1083,495,519]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2009-01-02">2 January 2009</date>
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, H. Braun) and one adult male (
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<date id="FFBE1019054AA915FF4C2E4DFEB2245D" box="[158,278,531,555]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2012-05">May 2012</date>
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, A. González), both Maralí.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31A6552054AA915FF152E68FD46221D" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BBF36D9054AA915FF152E68FCA32575" blockId="14.[151,1436,494,1239]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="B974EACB054AA915FF152E68FEFD2439" bold="true" box="[199,345,566,591]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Description.</emphasis>
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This species has conspicuously enlarged hind tibiae, the characteristic of Vignon’s (1925a) second group. A reddish brown nymph with a few whitish spots and mossy green coloration was found (
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<figureCitation id="133B2A5C054AA915FAFA2E04FADC2405" box="[1320,1400,602,627]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1460,1482]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,203,1426]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1435,193,1438]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Typophyllum onkiosternum sp. nov. (A – C): A. female (paratype, tegmen length 24 mm), B. male (holotype, tegmen length 14.5 mm), C. female nymph (cbt 002 s 12); Typophyllum sp., unknown male of species described from females only or new species (D – F, cbt 003 s 08): D. nymph, E, F. adult; G. Typophyllum bolivari, nymph; photos of live individuals staged during day and approximately to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/289365/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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G). It shows the lateral contour of the dorsal margin of the hind tibiae which is diagnostic for this species: a large lamelliform process just below the knee, and a small pointed one above the middle. Subsequently an adult male (light brown morph with light green palps) was photographed at the same locality, with the tegmina constricted on both margins, another diagnostic feature of this species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBF36D9054AA915FF152F50FAC42519" blockId="14.[151,1436,494,1239]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<emphasis id="B974EACB054AA915FF152F50FEEB2551" bold="true" box="[199,335,782,807]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Coloration.</emphasis>
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Very variable: individuals can be green (sometimes yellowish in museum specimens), or greyish, or light or dark brown, often with several shades mixed (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF914B28054AA915FCCA2F6DFAA9253D" author="Castner" box="[792,1293,818,843]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Castner, J. L. & Nickle, D. A. (1995 b) Intraspecific color polymorphism in leaf-mimicking katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae: Pterochrozini). Journal of Orthoptera Research, 4, 99 - 104. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3503464" type="journal article" year="1995" yearSuffix="b">Castner & Nickle 1995b, photos R. Oelman</bibRefCitation>
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). This is one of the few
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<taxonomicName id="4C004D5A054AA915FEDD2F08FE3B2519" box="[271,415,854,879]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Typophyllum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B974EACB054AA915FEDD2F08FE3B2519" box="[271,415,854,879]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Typophyllum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species with dark brown fringes on the transversal veins of the yellowish hind wings.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBF36D9054AA915FF152F24FE0C2255" blockId="14.[151,1436,494,1239]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="B974EACB054AA915FF152F24FE1125E5" bold="true" box="[199,437,890,915]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Acoustic behaviour.</emphasis>
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The song of one male from Limoncocha (Napo,
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<collectingCountry id="F3177649054AA915FC222F24FBEB25E5" box="[1008,1103,890,915]" name="Ecuador" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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) was analyzed (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF914B28054AA915FAD82F24FF7025C1" author="Morris" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Morris, G. K., Klimas, D. E. & Nickle, D. (1989) Acoustic signals and systematics of false-leaf katydids from Ecuador (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Pseudophyllinae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 114, 215 - 264." type="journal article" year="1989">
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Morris
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<emphasis id="B974EACB054AA915FAB32F22FA3825E5" box="[1377,1436,890,915]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
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1989
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</bibRefCitation>
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): It made brief high-audio chirps, consisting of mostly four, sometimes three double pulses, lasting about 500 ms at 22.5ºC. The spectrum shows a narrow peak at 14.9 kHz. Within a series of chirps they were repeated every 20–45 s. The male from Maralí made chirps consisting of three pulses, repeated every 5–21 s (recordings in MP3 format by A. González).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBF36D9054AA915FF152870FD46221D" blockId="14.[151,1436,494,1239]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="B974EACB054AA915FF152870FE072231" bold="true" box="[199,419,1070,1095]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Mating behaviour.</emphasis>
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For this species is also documented the precopulatory riding of the small male on the large female (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF914B28054AA915FF23280CFD72221D" author="Nickle" box="[241,726,1106,1131]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Castner, J. L. & Nickle, D. A. (1995 a) Observations on the behavior and biology of leaf-mimicking katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae: Pterochrozini). Journal of Orthoptera Research, 4, 93 - 98. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3503463" type="journal article" year="1995" yearSuffix="a">Nickle & Castner 1995a, photo R. Oelman</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31A6552054AA915FF152828FE3222A1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BBF36D9054AA915FF152828FE3222A1" blockId="14.[151,1436,494,1239]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="B974EACB054AA915FF152828FEC422F9" bold="true" box="[199,352,1142,1167]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Amazon region of southern
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<collectingCountry id="F3177649054AA915FD722828FCB522F9" box="[672,785,1142,1167]" name="Colombia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3177649054AA915FCCE2828FCDF22F9" box="[796,891,1142,1167]" name="Ecuador" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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, and northeastern
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<collectingCountry id="F3177649054AA915FB942829FBDE22F8" box="[1094,1146,1143,1166]" name="Peru" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Peru</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF914B28054AA915FB5A2828FA8E22F9" author="Vignon" box="[1160,1322,1142,1167]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Vignon, P. (1925 a) Essai de classification du genre Typophyllum Serville (Orth. Phasgon.). A propos des quatre especes nouvelles dont les types sont au Musee de Madrid. EOS, Revista Espanola de Entomologia, 1, 249 - 281." type="journal article" year="1925" yearSuffix="a">Vignon 1925a</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B28054AA915FAE72828FF5C22C5" author="Morris" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Morris, G. K., Klimas, D. E. & Nickle, D. (1989) Acoustic signals and systematics of false-leaf katydids from Ecuador (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Pseudophyllinae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 114, 215 - 264." type="journal article" year="1989">
|
||
Morris
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||
<emphasis id="B974EACB054AA915FA5A2829FF1022C5" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1989
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B28054AA915FED428C5FDBB22C5" author="Castner" box="[262,543,1178,1203]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Castner, J. L. & Nickle, D. A. (1995 c) Notes on the biology and ecology of the leaf-mimicking katydid Typophyllum bolivari Vignon (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae: Pterochrozini). Journal of Orthoptera Research, 4, 105 - 109. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3503465" type="journal article" year="1995" yearSuffix="c">Castner & Nickle 1995c</bibRefCitation>
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, specimens in collection of University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, and photos by R. Oelman).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
</treatment>
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||
</document> |