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<document id="D1576F85AC8DAC34B4CB95ABAC0EB3F6" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5419.2.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10792055" ID-ZooBank="88353CBA-6C4D-40E3-8475-B1FCA2C48637" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1709795503569" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Holzmann, Maria, Barrenechea-Angeles, Inés, Lim, Swee-Cheng &amp; Pawlowski, Jan" docDate="2024" docId="03A987A17B56AF7666C442CDFBA5DFEF" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5419.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5419 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.2.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Shinkaiya contorta Gooday &amp; Holzmann 2017" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="172" masterDocId="FF90FFD97B43AF636653407FFF99D97C" masterDocTitle="New xenophyophores (Foraminifera, Monothalamea) from the eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone (equatorial Pacific)" masterLastPageNumber="188" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="172" updateTime="1710250611128" updateUser="valdenar" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="1EBBE8E9083B63DE90E406E321956FC6">New xenophyophores (Foraminifera, Monothalamea) from the eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone (equatorial Pacific)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C052C012680E6893E4E089D742B52F5F">Holzmann, Maria</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1598D92DCD43C6A54B405801CD95F6B0" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2460-6210</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="CA41D31B6337463DA4B686A03398A4B4">Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D1FF7C4338E5E3F707C4EDBF6334B70F" type="email">olzmann@unige.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="10850BAF77801684C52EA68E4358B8FB">Barrenechea-Angeles, Inés</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2EAC8A7DDFF67BF1E1B86B60ED7120C7">Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland. &amp; Department of Geosciences, The Arctic University of Norway, Dramsvegen 201, 9037 TromsØ, Norway.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="99B89C529CCBB6E2E979630B9286CF58">Lim, Swee-Cheng</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="92E9AD45BA3376FBFE7A565388D4AAAA">Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119227, Singapore. &amp; Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, 2 Conservatory Drive, Singapore 117377</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6E09EF230F55649E8B5A6D5172074ACC">Pawlowski, Jan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="85345296D73D651E19E7F0D3086E79FB">Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 81 - 712 Sopot, Poland. &amp; ID-Gene Ecodiagnostics, Chemin du Pont-du-Centenaire 109, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="D5A662C9E28487EEB4A04E99E7623C83">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="07DDFB117292AD645101F579DCAC2738">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03A987A17B56AF7666C442CDFBA5DFEF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A987A17B56AF7666C442CDFBA5DFEF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A987A17B56AF7666C442CDFBA5DFEF" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
<subSubSection id="C31A653C7B56AF7666C442CDFD43DBB0" box="[151,730,690,717]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBF36B77B56AF7666C442CDFD43DBB0" blockId="21.[151,730,690,753]" box="[151,730,690,717]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
<heading id="D0F781DB7B56AF7666C442CDFD43DBB0" bold="true" box="[151,730,690,717]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C004D347B56AF7666C442CDFD43DBB0" ID-CoL="4X4PX" authority="Gooday &amp; Holzmann, 2017" authorityName="Gooday &amp; Holzmann" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,730,690,717]" class="Monothalamea" family="Syringamminidae" genus="Shinkaiya" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="contorta">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B56AF7666C442CDFD43DBB0" bold="true" box="[151,730,690,717]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B56AF7666C442CDFEE7DBB1" bold="true" box="[151,382,690,717]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Shinkaiya contorta</emphasis>
Gooday &amp; Holzmann, 2017
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A653C7B56AF7666C442A8FE8ADB8D" box="[151,275,727,753]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBF36B77B56AF7666C442A8FE8ADB8D" blockId="21.[151,730,690,753]" box="[151,275,727,753]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
<figureCitation id="133B2A327B56AF7666C442A8FF72DB8D" box="[151,235,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1876,1900]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[151,1436,525,1853]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Shinkaiya contorta Gooday &amp; Holzmann 2017; Specimen RC0160 (BC004).A, Shipboard photograph of fragment. B–E, Laboratory photographs. B, Collection of fragments. C, Broken fragment showing interior. D, Detail of broken fragment with exposed interior. E, Complete fragment. E, Section of test exposed on broken surface." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10792085" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10792085/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Figs 11</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133B2A327B56AF7666A442A8FE8ADB8D" box="[247,275,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1561,1585]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[177,1411,181,1537]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Shinkaiya contorta Gooday &amp; Holzmann 2017; Laboratory photographs; specimen RC0160 (BC004). A, Exterior of fragment. B, Broken edge. C–E, Interior surfaces of fragments showing stercomare. F, Granellare fragments with attached pieces of stercomare. G, Fragment with partially exposed interior. Scales were not available for D and E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10792087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10792087/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">12</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31A653C7B56AF7666C44364FBFDDA4F" box="[151,1124,795,819]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BBF36B77B56AF7666C44364FBFDDA4F" blockId="21.[151,1124,795,819]" box="[151,1124,795,819]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1011997B56AF7666C44364FBFDDA4F" box="[151,1124,795,819]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
<taxonomicName id="4C004D347B56AF7666C44364FDE0DA4F" ID-CoL="4X4PX" authority="Gooday &amp; Holzmann, 2017" authorityName="Gooday &amp; Holzmann" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,633,795,819]" class="Monothalamea" family="Syringamminidae" genus="Shinkaiya" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="contorta">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B56AF7666C44364FECEDA4F" box="[151,343,795,819]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Shinkaiya contorta</emphasis>
Gooday &amp; Holzmann, 2017
</taxonomicName>
, in
<treatmentCitation id="0AA110A67B56AF7664CD4364FC21DA4F" author="Gooday, A. J. &amp; Holzmann, M. &amp; Caulle, C. &amp; Goineau, A. &amp; Pearce, R. B. &amp; Voltski, I. &amp; Weber, A. A. - T. &amp; Pawlowski, J." box="[670,952,795,819]" page="727" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" year="2017">
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B467B56AF7664CD4364FCF7DA4F" author="Gooday, A. J. &amp; Holzmann, M. &amp; Caulle, C. &amp; Goineau, A. &amp; Pearce, R. B. &amp; Voltski, I. &amp; Weber, A. A. - T. &amp; Pawlowski, J." box="[670,878,795,819]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="723 - 748" refId="ref21817" refString="Gooday, A. J., Holzmann, M., Caulle, C., Goineau, A., Pearce, R. B., Voltski, I., Weber, A. A. - T. &amp; Pawlowski, J. (2017 c) Five new species and two new genera of xenophyophores (Foraminifera: Rhizaria) from part of the abyssal equatorial Pacific licensed for polymetallic nodule exploration. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 183 (4), 723 - 748. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlx 093" type="journal article" year="2017">
Gooday
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B56AF7664A74363FCB8DA4F" box="[756,801,795,819]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al</emphasis>
. 2017c
</bibRefCitation>
, p. 727
</treatmentCitation>
–730,
<figureCitation id="133B2A327B56AF7665A44364FBC6DA4F" box="[1015,1119,795,819]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1598,1622]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1436,181,1574]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Aschemonella monilis Gooday &amp; Holzmann 2017. A–D, Sequenced specimens. A, Dark specimen attached to nodule; RC1056 (BC026). B, Interior of test fragment with red granellare (after removal of most pieces for sequencing) and dark stercomare; RC0056 (BC001). C, Fragment with two segments; RC0490B (BC010).D, E, RC1900.1 (BC045). D, Fragment with broken segment containing granellare. E, Detail of dome and tubular apertural structure. F, G, Specimens without cytoplasm; RC1900.2 (BC045). F, Complete fragment. G, Detail of apertural structures. No scale is available for B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10792059" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10792059/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Fig. 2A–F</figureCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A653C7B56AF7666C4431EFA9ADA07" box="[151,1283,865,892]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BBF36B77B56AF7666C4431EFA9ADA07" blockId="21.[151,1437,865,1684]" box="[151,1283,865,892]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B56AF7666C4431EFEE0DA07" bold="true" box="[151,377,865,891]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Material examined</emphasis>
. BC004 RC0160 (morphology and genetics). Sequenced isolates: 21448, 21449.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A653C7B56AF76669443FAFDE0DC0F" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBF36B77B56AF76669443FAFC7ADDC3" blockId="21.[151,1437,865,1684]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B56AF76669443FAFEC8DAE3" bold="true" box="[199,337,901,927]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Description</emphasis>
. The shipboard photographs show a single plate-like fragment with an intact semicircular margin and concentric ‘growth lines’ clearly developed over parts of the surface (
<figureCitation id="133B2A327B56AF76658043D6FBA2DABF" box="[979,1083,937,963]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1876,1900]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[151,1436,525,1853]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Shinkaiya contorta Gooday &amp; Holzmann 2017; Specimen RC0160 (BC004).A, Shipboard photograph of fragment. B–E, Laboratory photographs. B, Collection of fragments. C, Broken fragment showing interior. D, Detail of broken fragment with exposed interior. E, Complete fragment. E, Section of test exposed on broken surface." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10792085" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10792085/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
). It was originally attached to a nodule and the lower margin was broken when it was removed from the substrate. The plate was strongly undulating so that it did not lie in one plane. It was still largely intact when seen in
<collectingRegion id="49C4F8557B56AF7665BA438EFBD8DD77" box="[1001,1089,1009,1035]" country="Switzerland" name="Geneve" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Geneva</collectingRegion>
, where it measured
<quantity id="4CF89B527B56AF76637F438EFAE4DD70" box="[1324,1405,1009,1036]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" unit="mm" value="44.0">44 mm</quantity>
in maximum dimension. By the time it reached
<collectingRegion id="49C4F8557B56AF7664FA446AFCD8DD53" box="[681,833,1045,1071]" country="United Kingdom" name="Southampton" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Southampton</collectingRegion>
, the fragment had broken into several smaller pieces, some almost flat but others curved, and the largest with a maximum dimension of about
<quantity id="4CF89B527B56AF76623B4446FB2FDD28" box="[1128,1206,1081,1108]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="133B2A327B56AF7662974446FAB1DD2F" box="[1220,1320,1081,1107]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1876,1900]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[151,1436,525,1853]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Shinkaiya contorta Gooday &amp; Holzmann 2017; Specimen RC0160 (BC004).A, Shipboard photograph of fragment. B–E, Laboratory photographs. B, Collection of fragments. C, Broken fragment showing interior. D, Detail of broken fragment with exposed interior. E, Complete fragment. E, Section of test exposed on broken surface." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10792085" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10792085/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
). They are greyish, with a smooth surface, in places overlain by patches of lighter material resembling fine-grained sediment. ‘Growth lines’ are sometimes visible. The wall is 60–95 µm thick, in a few places up to 115 µm (
<figureCitation id="133B2A327B56AF76629C44FEFACADDE0" box="[1231,1363,1153,1180]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1876,1900]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-216@22.[151,1436,525,1853]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Shinkaiya contorta Gooday &amp; Holzmann 2017; Specimen RC0160 (BC004).A, Shipboard photograph of fragment. B–E, Laboratory photographs. B, Collection of fragments. C, Broken fragment showing interior. D, Detail of broken fragment with exposed interior. E, Complete fragment. E, Section of test exposed on broken surface." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10792085" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10792085/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Fig. 11D, E</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="133B2A327B56AF76630C44FEFA16DDE7" box="[1375,1423,1153,1179]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1561,1585]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[177,1411,181,1537]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Shinkaiya contorta Gooday &amp; Holzmann 2017; Laboratory photographs; specimen RC0160 (BC004). A, Exterior of fragment. B, Broken edge. C–E, Interior surfaces of fragments showing stercomare. F, Granellare fragments with attached pieces of stercomare. G, Fragment with partially exposed interior. Scales were not available for D and E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10792087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10792087/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">12E</figureCitation>
), quite soft, delicate, and very fine-grained with a scattering of darker flecks.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF36B77B56AF76669444B6FDE0DC0F" blockId="21.[151,1437,865,1684]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
The test interior is occupied mainly by masses of stercomare (
<figureCitation id="133B2A327B56AF7665D644B6FB92DD9F" box="[901,1035,1225,1251]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1561,1585]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[177,1411,181,1537]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Shinkaiya contorta Gooday &amp; Holzmann 2017; Laboratory photographs; specimen RC0160 (BC004). A, Exterior of fragment. B, Broken edge. C–E, Interior surfaces of fragments showing stercomare. F, Granellare fragments with attached pieces of stercomare. G, Fragment with partially exposed interior. Scales were not available for D and E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10792087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10792087/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Fig. 12C–F</figureCitation>
), some of which are attached to the underside of the wall. On detached wall fragments the stercomare forms distinctive strands, typically 50–105 µm in width, that branch and usually anastomose to varying degrees, sometimes forming dense networks (
<figureCitation id="133B2A327B56AF766359456EFA08DC57" box="[1290,1425,1297,1323]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1561,1585]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[177,1411,181,1537]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Shinkaiya contorta Gooday &amp; Holzmann 2017; Laboratory photographs; specimen RC0160 (BC004). A, Exterior of fragment. B, Broken edge. C–E, Interior surfaces of fragments showing stercomare. F, Granellare fragments with attached pieces of stercomare. G, Fragment with partially exposed interior. Scales were not available for D and E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10792087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10792087/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Fig. 12C–E</figureCitation>
). Granellare strands are whitish, typically 45–75 µm in width and weave between the stercomare. A granellare tube is not clearly visible under stereomicroscope.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A653C7B56AF7666944502FBA5DFEF" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BBF36B77B56AF7666944502FBA5DFEF" blockId="21.[151,1437,865,1684]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B56AF7666944502FEADDCEB" bold="true" box="[199,308,1405,1431]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Remarks</emphasis>
. The wavy, plate-like morphology of the preserved fragment is consistent with that of the unique
<typeStatus id="54BB88157B56AF7666C445DEFF60DCC7" box="[151,249,1441,1467]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C004D347B56AF76674E45DEFE69DCC7" authorityName="Gooday &amp; Holzmann" authorityYear="2017" box="[285,496,1441,1467]" class="Monothalamea" genus="Shinkaiya" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="contorta">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B56AF76674E45DEFE69DCC7" box="[285,496,1441,1467]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Shinkaiya contorta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the UK-1 area of the CCZ (
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B467B56AF76650C45DEFBD5DCC7" author="Gooday, A. J. &amp; Holzmann, M. &amp; Caulle, C. &amp; Goineau, A. &amp; Pearce, R. B. &amp; Voltski, I. &amp; Weber, A. A. - T. &amp; Pawlowski, J." box="[863,1100,1441,1468]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="723 - 748" refId="ref21817" refString="Gooday, A. J., Holzmann, M., Caulle, C., Goineau, A., Pearce, R. B., Voltski, I., Weber, A. A. - T. &amp; Pawlowski, J. (2017 c) Five new species and two new genera of xenophyophores (Foraminifera: Rhizaria) from part of the abyssal equatorial Pacific licensed for polymetallic nodule exploration. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 183 (4), 723 - 748. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlx 093" type="journal article" year="2017">
Gooday
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B56AF7665EC45DDFC76DCC7" box="[959,1007,1441,1467]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al</emphasis>
., 2017c
</bibRefCitation>
). This was an intact specimen, with a maximum dimension (
<quantity id="4CF89B527B56AF7667BE45BAFDDCDCA3" box="[493,581,1477,1503]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" unit="mm" value="46.0">46 mm</quantity>
), similar to that of the new specimen, but with a more complex structure that comprised a number of curved, plate-like elements, often with well-developed growth lines. The soft, finely agglutinated test wall, and the reticulated stercomare branches, are similar but some other test features are different. Particularly notable is that the plate itself, and particularly the wall of the plate, are much thinner (about 0.5–1.0 mm and 60–95 µm, respectively) than those of the type specimen (1.3–2.0 mm and 270–500 µm, respectively). Nevertheless, sequences obtained from the new fragment confirm its identification.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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