281 lines
37 KiB
XML
281 lines
37 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="7BAB65EEFD02FBE52EAE0049A1E0E895">Review of the genus Malacoctenus (Actinopterygii: Labrisomidae) from the Southwestern Atlantic, with description of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="532CEF8BDB6FB7889C6519D14C888325">Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, Setor de Ictiologia, Departamento de Vertebrados, Quinta da Boa vista, s / n, 20940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. & almeida. d @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7178 - 2498 & ricdias 77 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1087 - 2227 & mrbritto 2002 @ yahoo. com. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0611 - 6923 & mrbritto 2002 @ yahoo. com. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0611 - 6923</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="E29530603A4799D8B7C15A9E0065DE1E">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03A787B9FF8EFF9DFF1DFC99FD09FAD3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4397112" ID-GBIF-Taxon="176573452" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4397112" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787B9FF8EFF9DFF1DFC99FD09FAD3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A787B9FF8EFF9DFF1DFC99FD09FAD3" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="515" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D2CFF8EFF82FF1DFC99FCC2FC06" ID-CoL="3XKJ6" authority="Guimaraes, Nunan & Gasparini, 2010" authorityName="Guimaraes, Nunan & Gasparini" authorityYear="2010" box="[151,893,870,897]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Malacoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brunoi">
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<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FF1DFC99FCC2FC06" bold="true" box="[151,893,870,897]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">
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<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FF1DFC99FE25FC07" bold="true" box="[151,410,870,897]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">Malacoctenus brunoi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B5EFF8EFF82FE2BFC99FCC2FC06" author="Guimaraes, R. Z. P. & Nunan, G. W. & Gasparini, J. L." box="[417,893,870,897]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" pagination="50 - 56" refId="ref17917" refString="Guimaraes, R. Z. P., Nunan, G. W. & Gasparini, J. L. (2010) Malacoctenus brunoi sp. n. (Blennioidei: Labrisomidae), a new scaled-blenny from Trindade Island, off Brazil. Zootaxa, 2567 (1), 50 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2567.1.2" type="journal article" year="2010">Guimarães, Nunan & Gasparini, 2010</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BB136AFFF8EFF82FF1DFC74FDEAFC23" blockId="15.[151,893,870,1006]" box="[151,597,907,933]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">English Name: Trindade Scaled-Blenny</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3146524FF8EFF82FF1DFC50FE9AFC68" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB136AFFF8EFF82FF1DFC50FCBBFC4F" blockId="15.[151,893,870,1006]" box="[151,772,943,970]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">Portuguese (Brazilian) Name: Macaquinho de Trindade</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB136AFFF8EFF82FF1DFC2CFE9AFC68" blockId="15.[151,893,870,1006]" box="[151,293,979,1006]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">(Figure 6-A)</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3146524FF8EFF82FF1DFBEDFDB4FBE1" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" type="reference_group">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D2CFF8EFF82FF1DFBEDFE9AFBAC" ID-CoL="5KCR" authorityName="Carvalho-Filho & Sazima & Lima & Almeida & Mendes & Dias & Britto & Gasparini" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,293,1042,1066]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Malacoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FF1DFBEDFE9AFBAC" box="[151,293,1042,1066]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">Malacoctenus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B5EFF8EFF82FEC5FBEDFE70FBAC" author="Nunan, G. W." box="[335,463,1042,1066]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" refId="ref18946" refString="Nunan, G. W. (1992) Composition, species distribution and zoogeographical affinities of the Brazilian reef-fish fauna. Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, xx + 584 pp." type="book" year="1992">Nunan 1992</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B5EFF8EFF82FE53FBEDFD5FFBAC" author="Gasparini, J. L. & Floeter, S. R." box="[473,736,1042,1066]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" pagination="1639 - 1656" refId="ref17718" refString="Gasparini, J. L. & Floeter, S. R. (2001) The Shore fishes of Trindade Island, western South Atlantic. Journal of Natural History, 35, 1639 - 1656. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 002229301317092379" type="journal article" year="2001">Gasparini & Floeter 2001</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB136AFFF8EFF82FF1DFBCFFC9CFBCF" blockId="15.[151,803,1042,1127]" box="[151,803,1072,1097]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D2CFF8EFF82FF1DFBCFFE2EFBCE" box="[151,401,1072,1096]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">
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<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FF1DFBCFFE2EFBCE" box="[151,401,1072,1096]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">Malacoctenus oceanicus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B5EFF8EFF82FE1DFBCFFDC8FBCF" author="Guimaraes, R. Z. P. & Gasparini, J. L. & Ferreira, C. E. L. & Rocha, L. A. & Floeter, S. R. & Rangel, C. A. & Nunan, G. W." box="[407,631,1072,1097]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" pagination="16 - 23" refId="ref17841" refString="Guimaraes, R. Z. P., Gasparini, J. L., Ferreira, C. E. L., Rocha, L. A., Floeter, S. R., Rangel, C. A. & Nunan, G. W. (2001) Peixes Recifais Brasileiros: Riqueza Desconhecida e Ameacada. Ciencia Hoje, Series 28, 168, 16 - 23." type="journal article" year="2001">
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Guimarães
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<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FD81FBCEFD87FBCE" box="[523,568,1072,1096]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">et al</emphasis>
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. 2001
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</bibRefCitation>
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(
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<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FD0CFBCEFCAAFBCE" box="[646,789,1072,1096]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">nomen nudum</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB136AFFF8EFF82FF1DFBB0FDB4FBE1" blockId="15.[151,803,1042,1127]" box="[151,523,1103,1127]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D2CFF8EFF82FF1DFBB0FE9AFBE1" ID-CoL="5KCR" authority="Carvalho-Filho & Sazima & Lima & Almeida & Mendes & Dias & Britto & Gasparini, 2020" authorityName="Carvalho-Filho & Sazima & Lima & Almeida & Mendes & Dias & Britto & Gasparini" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,293,1103,1127]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Malacoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FF1DFBB0FE9AFBE1" box="[151,293,1103,1127]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">Malacoctenus</emphasis>
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|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B5EFF8EFF82FEE2FBB0FDB8FBE1" author="Gasparini, J. L." box="[360,519,1103,1127]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" refId="ref17644" refString="Gasparini, J. L. (2004) Ilha da Trindade e Arquipelago Martin Vaz-Pedacos de Vitoria no Azul Atlantico. GSA Grafica e Editora, Vitoria, 100 pp." type="book" year="2004">Gasparini 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3146524FF8EFF82FF1DFB6AFCBEFAE2" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136AFFF8EFF82FF1DFB6AFCBEFAE2" blockId="15.[151,1437,1173,2028]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FF1DFB6AFEADFB29" bold="true" box="[151,274,1173,1199]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D2CFF8EFF82FE90FB6AFDB4FB29" authorityName="Guimaraes, Nunan & Gasparini" authorityYear="2010" box="[282,523,1173,1199]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Malacoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brunoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FE90FB6AFDB4FB29" box="[282,523,1173,1199]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">Malacoctenus brunoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from its southwestern Atlantic congeners by the following combination of characters: body elongated (depth 19–22 % SL
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FCDBFB45FC26FB55" box="[849,921,1210,1235]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">versus</emphasis>
|
||
22–26 % SL in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D2CFF8EFF82FBCDFB45FB0EFB55" authority="Carvalho-Filho & Sazima & Lima & Almeida & Mendes & Dias & Britto & Gasparini, 2020" authorityName="Carvalho-Filho & Sazima & Lima & Almeida & Mendes & Dias & Britto & Gasparini" authorityYear="2020" box="[1095,1201,1209,1235]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Malacoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lianae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FBCDFB45FB0EFB55" box="[1095,1201,1209,1235]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">M. lianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FB3DFB46FB4AFB55" bold="true" box="[1207,1269,1209,1235]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957C6FF8EFF82FB3DFB46FB4AFB55" box="[1207,1269,1209,1235]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D2CFF8EFF82FAA3FB45FA23FB55" authority="Carvalho-Filho & Sazima & Lima & Almeida & Mendes & Dias & Britto & Gasparini, 2020" authorityName="Carvalho-Filho & Sazima & Lima & Almeida & Mendes & Dias & Britto & Gasparini" authorityYear="2020" box="[1321,1436,1209,1235]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Malacoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zaluari" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FAA3FB45FA23FB55" box="[1321,1436,1209,1235]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">M. zaluari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FF1DFB22FF63FB71" bold="true" box="[151,220,1245,1271]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957C6FF8EFF82FF1DFB22FF68FB71" box="[151,215,1245,1271]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and 24–28 % SL in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D2CFF8EFF82FE35FB21FDE9FB71" authorityName="in Cuvier & Valenciennes" authorityYear="1836" baseAuthorityName="Valenciennes" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[447,598,1245,1271]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Malacoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="delalandii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FE35FB21FDE9FB71" box="[447,598,1245,1271]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">M. delalandii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), lateral line scales 60–66 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FC03FB21FC6EFB71" box="[905,977,1246,1271]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">versus</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CF69B4AFF8EFF82FC5DFB22FB86FB71" box="[983,1081,1245,1272]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3208" metricValueMax="1.3462" metricValueMin="1.2953999999999999" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="52.0" valueMax="53.0" valueMin="51.0">51–53 in</quantity>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FBCAFB21FB04FB71" box="[1088,1211,1245,1271]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D2CFF8EFF82FBCAFB21FB08FB71" authorityName="Carvalho-Filho & Sazima & Lima & Almeida & Mendes & Dias & Britto & Gasparini" authorityYear="2020" box="[1088,1207,1245,1271]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Malacoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zaluari">M. zaluari</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CF69B4AFF8EFF82FB4BFB22FA9BFB71" box="[1217,1316,1245,1272]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5493999999999999" metricValueMax="1.7271999999999998" metricValueMin="1.3716" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="61.0" valueMax="68.0" valueMin="54.0">54–68 in</quantity>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FAA0FB21FA23FB71" box="[1322,1436,1245,1271]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D2CFF8EFF82FAA0FB21FA27FB71" authorityName="Carvalho-Filho & Sazima & Lima & Almeida & Mendes & Dias & Britto & Gasparini" authorityYear="2020" box="[1322,1432,1245,1271]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Malacoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lianae">M. lianae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="4CF69B4AFF8EFF82FF4FFAFEFE98FA9D" box="[197,295,1281,1308]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3208" metricValueMax="1.4224" metricValueMin="1.2192" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="52.0" valueMax="56.0" valueMin="48.0">48–56 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D2CFF8EFF82FEA7FAFDFE7CFA9D" authorityName="in Cuvier & Valenciennes" authorityYear="1836" baseAuthorityName="Valenciennes" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[301,451,1281,1307]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Malacoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="delalandii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FEA7FAFDFE7CFA9D" box="[301,451,1281,1307]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">M. delalandii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the presence of two longitudinal rows of dark brown spots aligned on sides of body (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FF2BFAD9FF56FAB9" box="[161,233,1318,1343]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">versus</emphasis>
|
||
presence of dark, triangular-shaped, saddle-like bars on body in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D2CFF8EFF82FC43FAD9FB8AFAB9" authority="Carvalho-Filho & Sazima & Lima & Almeida & Mendes & Dias & Britto & Gasparini, 2020" authorityName="Carvalho-Filho & Sazima & Lima & Almeida & Mendes & Dias & Britto & Gasparini" authorityYear="2020" box="[969,1077,1317,1343]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Malacoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lianae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FC43FAD9FB8AFAB9" box="[969,1077,1317,1343]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">M. lianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FBB7FADAFBC1FAB9" bold="true" box="[1085,1150,1317,1343]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957C6FF8EFF82FBB7FADAFBC1FAB9" box="[1085,1150,1317,1343]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D2CFF8EFF82FB3CFAD9FA94FAB9" authority="Carvalho-Filho & Sazima & Lima & Almeida & Mendes & Dias & Britto & Gasparini, 2020" authorityName="Carvalho-Filho & Sazima & Lima & Almeida & Mendes & Dias & Britto & Gasparini" authorityYear="2020" box="[1206,1323,1317,1343]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Malacoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zaluari" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FB3CFAD9FA94FAB9" box="[1206,1323,1317,1343]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">M. zaluari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957C6FF8EFF82FABEFADAFAD3FAB9" box="[1332,1388,1317,1343]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FABEFADAFADAFAB9" bold="true" box="[1332,1381,1317,1343]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">sp.n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and presence of irregular saddle-like bars in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D2CFF8EFF82FDD0FAB5FD4EFAE5" authorityName="in Cuvier & Valenciennes" authorityYear="1836" baseAuthorityName="Valenciennes" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[602,753,1353,1379]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Malacoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="delalandii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FDD0FAB5FD4EFAE5" box="[602,753,1353,1379]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">M. delalandii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3146524FF8EFF9DFF4DFA92FD09FAD3" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="515" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136AFFF8EFF82FF4DFA92FE85F969" blockId="15.[151,1437,1173,2028]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FF4DFA92FEE4FA01" bold="true" box="[199,347,1389,1415]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
Proportional measurements and counts in Guimarães
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF8EFF82FC4BFA91FC4CFA01" box="[961,1011,1389,1415]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., (2010). Complementary description based on
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B5880DFF8EFF82FE8AFA6EFEDAFA2D" box="[256,357,1425,1451]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B5880DFF8EFF82FE15FA6DFDB5FA2A" box="[415,522,1426,1452]" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
and 64 non-type specimens. Body elongated. Head moderate, snout pointed, forehead steep; eye 25–30% in head length; upper lip separated from snout by deep groove; jaws subequal with about 11 pairs of pointed, slightly curved teeth; a crescent patch of villiform teeth on vomer; palatine toothless; maxillary barely reaching orbit; gill rakers on first arch 3–4 + 7–8; nasal cirrus simple or bifid (rarely triple or absent), arising from posterior border of short tube of anterior nostril and not reaching to posterior nostril when depressed; supra orbital cirri branches 3 (rarely 2 or 4) over each eye, its length varies from smaller to larger than half orbit diameter; nuchal cirri 6–8 (rarely 9) on each comb, paired or with one cirrus less,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF69B4AFF8EFF82FB80F996FBD1F905" box="[1034,1134,1641,1667]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.937" metricValueMax="4.572" metricValueMin="3.302" pageId="15" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="15.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="13.0">13–18 in</quantity>
|
||
total, the longest reaching beyond dorsal-fin origin; space between nuchal cirri combs contained 2–3 times in comb´s base. One pore from preopercular canal onto opercle, rarely absent. Pores on ventral side of head: 3–4 mental, 1–2 symphysial and 4–6 interopercular.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136AFFF8EFF9DFF4DF906FD41FF7F" blockId="15.[151,1437,1173,2028]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1437,151,1365]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="515" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">
|
||
Dorsal fin continuous, with three sections: first three spines decrease in length, followed by fourth to eighth or ninth spines progressively longer behind which last spines are successively shorter, the antepenultimate longer than penultimate; last spine length varying from one third to slightly less than half length of first and longest soft ray; soft rays decreasing in height, last one joined to body by a membrane for most of its length. Caudal fin slightly emarginate to slightly rounded with 11 unbranched, segmented rays, followed above and below by a single non-segmented ray and several procurrent spines. Anal fin continuous, the 16
|
||
<superScript id="7C7B9BE7FF8EFF82FCCCF852FCECF83D" attach="left" box="[838,851,1965,1979]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">th</superScript>
|
||
to 18
|
||
<superScript id="7C7B9BE7FF8EFF82FC18F852FC20F83D" attach="left" box="[914,927,1965,1979]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="514">th</superScript>
|
||
rays the longest; first anal spine length 2/3 to 3/4 of second anal spine; first anal ray almost 1/3 longer than second anal-fin spine; anal-fin membrane notched at tip of each ray; last anal-fin ray not attached to body by membrane. Pectoral fin elongate, fifth or sixth lower rays usually longest. Pelvic fin second ray longer than third, not reaching anus; length of third, inner, shortest pelvic-fin ray, contained 2.5 to 3.0 times in second pelvic-fin ray.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136AFFF91FF9DFF4DFEFCFF5DFE2B" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="16" pageNumber="515">
|
||
Body covered with cycloid scales except pre-pelvic and immediate surrounding area. Head naked. Breast fully scaled in males and usually naked in females, as in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B5880DFF91FF9DFC9AFED8FCC9FEC7" box="[784,886,295,321]" pageId="16" pageNumber="515" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; breast and belly scales much smaller than body scales. Scales on midline before dorsal fin absent; base of pectoral fin without scales; lateral line complete, running high anteriorly, down-curved below 10
|
||
<superScript id="7C7B9BE7FF91FF9DFDDAFE91FDE2FEFA" attach="left" box="[592,605,366,380]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="515">th</superScript>
|
||
to 12
|
||
<superScript id="7C7B9BE7FF91FF9DFD2AFE91FD12FEFA" attach="left" box="[672,685,366,380]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="515">th</superScript>
|
||
dorsal-fin spines and straight along mid-body posteriorly. All fins naked.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136AFFF91FF9DFF4DFE48FF49FE73" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="16" pageNumber="515">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF91FF9DFF4DFE48FEF5FE57" box="[199,330,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="515">Coloration.</emphasis>
|
||
Color pattern varies considerably between individuals. Males usually more brightly colored than females.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136AFFF91FF9DFF4DFE00FB11FCBF" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="16" pageNumber="515">Color in alcohol: Background varies from grey to tan, five or six dark, rarely seven, triangular saddle-like bars on body, extending to spiny dorsal fin, rarely on fin-rayed dorsal fin. Saddles vary from dark to light brown usually not outlined by dark spots; lower apices of saddles often somewhat constricted below the midline of the body. Interspaces below body-midline rarely uniformly light, often with dark irregular patches and those, with constricted lower apices of saddles, may form a horizontal row of large, irregular blotches. Lower sides of body light to tan often dark reticulated, or irregular markings. Vertical fins membranes transparent, dark, and/or pale dots on soft rays. Head peppered with dark dots or irregular blotches; snout dark often with two faint pale lines from eye to lip; two, rarely one, dark bars from eye to lower part of head. A light bordered ocellus usually present at the lower portion of the opercle, more conspicuous on males. Pre-pectoral area with faint dark irregular markings.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136AFFF91FF9DFF4DFCBCFE44FB6F" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="16" pageNumber="515">Color in life: Background varies from white to yellowish or light tan, head and body with many white dots (or without), often with a light green cast overall. Saddle-like bars peppered with green, orange, blue and/or red dots, brighter on males, often outlined by pale dots. Dorsum with interspaces between saddle-like bars varying from greenish to tan. Lower part of body usually with reticulations of same color as saddles, often with dark dots and/or irregular blotches. Two somewhat rectangular whitish bars or lines may be present from eye to upper lip. Eye dark often with a faint to conspicuous white area on lower border, sometimes split in two. A dark somewhat triangular spot behind eye, often with an iridescent blue lower margin, more prominent on males. Opercular ocellus outlined with a bright pale line on upper part, more colorful on males and paler on females, on which occasionally are dull to bright yellow. Top of head often with greenish, red and/or blue reticulation. Dorsal fin transparent, the soft rays of vertical fins often with dark and/or pale marks, usually arranged in series. Pelvic fins light yellow to tan on females, orangish to yellowish on males; pectoral fins pale with series of darks dots, lower-fin rays darker on females and orangish to yellowish on males.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136AFFF91FF9DFF4DFB0CFD09FAD3" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="16" pageNumber="515">
|
||
As a final remark, we follow the hypothesis of four distinct lineages for the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D2CFF91FF9DFBAFFB0CFAECFA8B" box="[1061,1363,1267,1293]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Malacoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="515" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF91FF9DFBAFFB0CFAECFA8B" box="[1061,1363,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="515">Malacoctenus triangulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF91FF9DFF2BFAE8FF60FAB6" box="[161,223,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="515">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B5EFF91FF9DFF6FFAE8FE22FAB7" author="Dias, R. M. & Lima, S. M. Q. & Mendes, L. F. & Almeida, D. F. & Paiva, P. C. & Britto, M. R." box="[229,413,1303,1329]" pageId="16" pageNumber="515" pagination="133 - 147" refId="ref16705" refString="Dias, R. M., Lima, S. M. Q., Mendes, L. F., Almeida, D. F., Paiva, P. C. & Britto, M. R. (2019) Different speciation process in a cryptobenthic reef fish from the Western Tropical Atlantic. Hidrobiologia, 837, 133 - 147. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10750 - 019 - 3966 - z" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Dias
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF91FF9DFE94FAE8FEE2FAB7" box="[286,349,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="515">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||
2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and regard the oceanic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D2CFF91FF9DFD20FAE8FC26FAB7" authorityName="Guimaraes, Nunan & Gasparini" authorityYear="2010" box="[682,921,1303,1329]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Malacoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="515" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brunoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF91FF9DFD20FAE8FC26FAB7" box="[682,921,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="515">Malacoctenus brunoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a taxonomic entity distinct from the coastal
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D2CFF91FF9DFF1DFAC4FE35FAD3" authority="Carvalho-Filho & Sazima & Lima & Almeida & Mendes & Dias & Britto & Gasparini, 2020" authorityName="Carvalho-Filho & Sazima & Lima & Almeida & Mendes & Dias & Britto & Gasparini" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,394,1339,1365]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Malacoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="515" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zaluari" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF91FF9DFF1DFAC4FE35FAD3" box="[151,394,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="515">Malacoctenus zaluari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEABDFF91FF9DFE18FAC4FE6EFAD3" bold="true" box="[402,465,1339,1365]" pageId="16" pageNumber="515">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957C6FF91FF9DFE18FAC4FE6EFAD3" box="[402,465,1339,1365]" pageId="16" pageNumber="515" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
as described herein.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |