3260 lines
368 KiB
XML
3260 lines
368 KiB
XML
<document id="424AD382DEBEBD4B24EABF879B98D70C" ID-CLB-Dataset="36881" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3781.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b6bac6d0-db3d-4c14-b289-ef0bb7184f3a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="285772" ID-ZooBank="D0E3A02D-340D-423F-9ADB-1089FB89C7EB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460402175078" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Spodek, Malkie & Ben-Dov, Yair" docDate="2014" docId="03A2A358FFC4FFCD39A9EE7BFDE94019" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03781p099.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3781 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Kermes greeni Bodenheimer" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="FF9BDB20FFD3FFFC393EED1CFF974776" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Kermesidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in Israel, with a description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="99" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1698299345580" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="70D9B56990506E4EAF2002353F8BDD7B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9F01C4E604E367F43EE0E8CB71374B99">
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<mods:title id="4724D152EB14285C2AAA5A37A7F3D1C7">A taxonomic revision of the Kermesidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in Israel, with a description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2A644807D078A1A08BB38B05DD7A3EDC" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="94FB521B042FA36F137E0E5E17AEBBA4">Spodek, Malkie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="FC718263B9A468CDD659B407D5EE792C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="ED6034D0CD073B891D6586732A285FB5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="338B6521128A5F4A3180FEAFE7F55422">Ben-Dov, Yair</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="451A43D8A210DF084D0D7BC73D0131B5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B03710574B9757B39B16AEE7281CC79D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="191E11D2BA2B551AB35DB3A66F4A1DB4">
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<mods:date id="DEAFB324E667BCE65773D1E6D3A6C07E">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="2BA67598392D04D2193F6DBC95829B1A" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="D344137D55E244E1460AED66B46BB073">3781</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="A593A90F3EDDB003E356360A4840FDBC" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3781.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A2A358FFC4FFCD39A9EE7BFDE94019" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6141255" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127667404" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6141255" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A2A358FFC4FFCD39A9EE7BFDE94019" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A2A358FFC4FFCD39A9EE7BFDE94019" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection id="C31141C5FFC4FFEB39A9EE7BFE7444D5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFC4FFEB39A9EE7BFE6344F4" blockId="23.[151,500,871,931]" box="[151,500,871,898]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<heading id="D0FCA522FFC4FFEB39A9EE7BFE6344F4" bold="true" box="[151,500,871,898]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC4FFEB39A9EE7BFE6344F4" ID-CoL="3R65J" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[151,500,871,898]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC4FFEB39A9EE7BFE6344F4" bold="true" box="[151,500,871,898]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC4FFEB39A9EE7BFED244F7" bold="true" box="[151,325,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Kermes greeni</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFC4FFEB39A9EE96FE7444D5" blockId="23.[151,500,871,931]" box="[151,483,906,931]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFC4FFEB39A1EE96FE8E44D5" box="[159,281,906,931]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 9" captionStart-1="FIGURE 10" captionStart-2="FIGURE 11" captionStart-3="FIGURE 12" captionStart-4="FIGURE 13" captionStart-5="FIGURE 14" captionStart-6="FIGURE 15" captionStart-7="FIGURE 16" captionStartId-0="24.[151,250,1969,1991]" captionStartId-1="27.[151,250,1409,1431]" captionStartId-2="28.[151,250,1989,2011]" captionStartId-3="30.[151,250,1446,1468]" captionStartId-4="32.[151,250,1305,1327]" captionStartId-5="33.[151,250,1978,2000]" captionStartId-6="34.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionStartId-7="35.[151,250,1996,2018]" captionText-0="FIGURE 9. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, adult female." captionText-1="FIGURE 10. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, third-instar female." captionText-2="FIGURE 11. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, second-instar female." captionText-3="FIGURE 12. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, first-instar nymph." captionText-4="FIGURE 13. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, adult male." captionText-5="FIGURE 14. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, pupa." captionText-6="FIGURE 15. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, prepupa." captionText-7="FIGURE 16. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, second-instar male." pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figs. 9–16</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFC4FFEB381AEE96FEE444D5" box="[292,371,906,931]" captionStart="PLATE 2" captionStartId="25.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[208,1384,198,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[202,1385,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="PLATE 2. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. gravid female; e. post-reproductive female with crawlers; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285775/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Plate 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, figs. a–i)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31141C5FFC4FFEB39A9EECFFDD84315" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFC4FFEB39A9EECFFDBD449E" blockId="23.[151,1436,978,1123]" box="[151,554,978,1000]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B3560FFC4FFEB39A9EECFFDBD449E" box="[151,554,978,1000]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC4FFEB39A9EECFFDBD449E" ID-CoL="3R65J" authority="Bodenheimer, 1931: 241" authorityName="Bodenheimer" authorityPageNumber="241" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,554,978,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC4FFEB39A9EECFFEBC449E" box="[151,299,979,1000]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Kermes greeni</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA345FFFC4FFEB380FEECEFDBD449E" author="Bodenheimer" box="[305,554,978,1000]" page="241" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1931">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFC4FFEB380FEECEFE6D449E" author="Bodenheimer" box="[305,506,978,1000]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Bodenheimer, F. S. (1931) Zur Kenntnis de palaartkischen Kermes-arten (Rhy. Cocc.). Konowia, 10 (4) 241 - 247." type="journal article" year="1931">Bodenheimer, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 241
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFC4FFEB39A9EEEEFDD84315" blockId="23.[151,1436,978,1123]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B3560FFC4FFEB39A9EEEEFDD84315" infered="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC4FFEB39A9EEEEFDE04371" ID-CoL="3R66H" authority="Balachowsky, 1953: 186" authorityName="Balachowsky" authorityPageNumber="186" authorityYear="1953" box="[151,631,1009,1031]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palestiniensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC4FFEB39A9EEEEFEE24371" box="[151,373,1009,1031]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Kermes palestiniensis</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA345FFFC4FFEB3845EEEDFDE04371" author="Balachowsky" box="[379,631,1009,1031]" page="186" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1953">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFC4FFEB3845EEEDFDD34371" author="Balachowsky" box="[379,580,1009,1031]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Balachowsky, A. S. (1953) Sur les Kermes Boitard (Hom: Coccoidea) des Chenes du Bassin Oriental de la Mediterranee. France. Revue de Pathologie Vegetale et d'Entomologie Agricole de France, 32, 181 - 189." type="journal article" year="1953">Balachowsky, 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 186
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; synonymized by Spodek
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC4FFEB3ABEEEEEFC234371" box="[896,948,1009,1031]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2012: 67–75 This species was originally described from adult females collected at Nahalal forest,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFC4FFEB3D11E90CFBFD4350" box="[1071,1130,1040,1062]" name="Israel" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
, on
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC4FFEB3DABE90DFAC74350" box="[1173,1360,1040,1062]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC4FFEB3DABE90DFB7D4350" ID-CoL="3R66V" box="[1173,1258,1041,1062]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
|
||
coccifera
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
L. The junior synonym,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC4FFEB3846E92CFDB54332" ID-CoL="3R66H" box="[376,546,1070,1093]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palestiniensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC4FFEB3846E92CFDB54332" box="[376,546,1070,1093]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">K. palestiniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was described from first-instar nymphs collected at Ras-El Nakurah [=current name Rosh Hanikra],
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFC4FFEB3856E951FE344315" box="[360,419,1101,1123]" name="Israel" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
, on
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC4FFEB38F2E952FDDE4315" box="[460,585,1101,1123]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Q. coccifera</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31141C5FFC4FFE639A9E993FDF944F6" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFC4FFE439A9E993FB7247A2" blockId="23.[151,1436,1167,2021]" lastBlockId="24.[151,1436,151,789]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC4FFEB39A9E993FC8943DE" bold="true" box="[151,798,1167,1192]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Material examined.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFC4FFEB38B3E993FE5F43DE" box="[397,456,1167,1192]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material studied.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFC4FFEB3B96E993FC8943DE" box="[680,798,1167,1192]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
adult ♀ of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC4FFEB3A95E98DFB8343DE" box="[939,1044,1169,1192]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC4FFEB3A95E98DFB8343DE" box="[939,1044,1169,1192]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, off
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC4FFEB3D6EE98CFB4A43DE" box="[1104,1245,1168,1192]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Q. coccifera</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFC4FFEB3DD1E993FAA743DE" box="[1263,1328,1167,1192]" name="Israel" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Nahalal,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB39A9E9A8FF6B43BB" box="[151,252,1204,1229]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1926-02-02">2.ii.1926</date>
|
||
, F.S. Bodenheimer (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFC4FFEB38DDE9A8FDB543BA" box="[483,546,1204,1228]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1jyc-x7t4" name="The Volcani Center" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">ICVI</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFC4FFEB3B08E9A8FD7143BB" box="[566,742,1204,1229]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="paralectotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC4FFEB3B08E9A8FD7143BB" bold="true" box="[566,742,1204,1229]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Paralectotypes</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB3BD0E9A9FCAB43BB" box="[750,828,1204,1229]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">7 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀ (6 slides in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFC4FFEB3AD8E9A8FBB543BA" box="[998,1058,1204,1228]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1jyc-x7t4" name="The Volcani Center" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">ICVI</collectionCode>
|
||
, 1 slide in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFC4FFEB3D9EE9A8FB6F43BA" box="[1184,1272,1204,1228]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
), same data as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFC4FFEB39A9E9CBFE964386" box="[151,257,1239,1264]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Also: 5 first-instar nymphs in 2 of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFC4FFEB3BF4E9CBFCF64386" box="[714,865,1239,1264]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
adult ♀,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFC4FFEB3AF1E9CBFB864386" box="[975,1041,1239,1264]" name="Israel" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Nahalal,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC4FFEB3DBAE9C5FB7A4386" box="[1156,1261,1241,1264]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC4FFEB3DBAE9C5FB7A4386" box="[1156,1261,1241,1264]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3DC3E9CBFAF44386" box="[1277,1379,1239,1264]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1926-02-02">2.ii.1926</date>
|
||
, F.S. Bodenheimer. Also:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFC4FFEB38B0E9E0FE784263" box="[398,495,1276,1301]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="syntype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC4FFEB38B0E9E0FE784263" bold="true" box="[398,495,1276,1301]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Syntype</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
3 first-instar nymphs
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC4FFEB3A39E9E1FC5F4263" box="[775,968,1276,1301]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palestiniensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC4FFEB3A39E9E1FC5F4263" box="[775,968,1276,1301]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">K. palestiniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ras-el Nakurah [=current name Rosh Hanikra],
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC4FFEB3837E83CFE03424E" box="[265,404,1312,1336]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Q. coccifera</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB389DE803FDB2424E" box="[419,549,1311,1336]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1950-07-12">12.vii.1950</date>
|
||
, S. Neumark (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFC4FFEB3BF8E83CFCB6424E" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[710,801,1312,1336]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
/1 slide).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC4FFEB3AB6E803FB35424E" bold="true" box="[904,1186,1311,1336]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Other material studied.</emphasis>
|
||
All non-type material collected in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFC4FFEB3812E858FEFA422B" box="[300,365,1348,1373]" name="Israel" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
, off
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC4FFEB3892E859FDD9422B" box="[428,590,1348,1373]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Q. calliprinos</emphasis>
|
||
by M. Spodek, unless otherwise indicated. Bet Dagan-Volcani Center,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB39A9E87BFF6042F6" box="[151,247,1383,1408]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-05-06">6.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:652/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB3848E87BFE5542F6" box="[374,450,1383,1408]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀); Eilon,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3B78E87BFD2C42F6" box="[582,699,1383,1408]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2011-03-13">13.iii.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:459/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB3A04E87BFC1042F6" box="[826,903,1383,1408]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFC4FFEB3AFDE874FC404209" box="[963,983,1384,1407]" name="Italy" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Ben-Dov (C:4765/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB3DFEE87BFA9A42F6" box="[1216,1293,1383,1408]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀); Hanita,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB39A9E890FE9442D3" box="[151,259,1420,1445]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2001-06-05">5.vi.2001</date>
|
||
, Z. Tamari (C:4701/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB38D3E890FDA142D3" box="[493,566,1420,1445]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3B55E890FD4342D3" box="[619,724,1420,1445]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2010-06-06">6.vi.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:247/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB3A71E890FC0F42D3" box="[847,920,1420,1445]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3AF2E890FBB942D2" box="[972,1070,1420,1444]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2011-05-08">8.v.2011</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFC4FFEB3D04E891FBD942D2" box="[1082,1102,1421,1444]" name="Italy" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Ben-Dov (C:4997/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB3C15E890FAEF42D3" box="[1323,1400,1420,1445]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFC4FFEB39A9E8ACFF7842BE" box="[151,239,1456,1480]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB383AE8ACFEF442BE" box="[260,355,1456,1480]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2011-05-08">8.v.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:493/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB38E9E8ACFDB642BE" box="[471,545,1455,1480]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3B67E8ACFD5E42BE" box="[601,713,1456,1480]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2011-05-17">17.v.2011</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFC4FFEB3BE8E8ACFD7D42B1" box="[726,746,1456,1479]" name="Italy" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Ben-Dov (C:5011/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB3AF7E8B3FB8E42BE" box="[969,1049,1455,1480]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFC4FFEB3D79E8ACFB3642BE" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[1095,1185,1456,1480]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3D88E8ACFA8142BE" box="[1206,1302,1456,1480]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-05-07">7.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:668/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB3CB1E8B3FF58429B" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">9 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀); Timrat,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3864E8C8FE46429B" box="[346,465,1492,1517]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2011-06-24">24.vi.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:567/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB3B76E8C8FD05429B" box="[584,658,1492,1517]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">8 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3BFAE8C8FCD4429B" box="[708,835,1492,1517]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2011-07-31">31.vii.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:568/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB3A86E8C8FB93429B" box="[952,1028,1492,1517]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFC4FFEB3D13E8C8FB15429A" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1069,1154,1492,1516]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3DAAE8C8FA9B429B" box="[1172,1292,1492,1517]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-04-22">22.iv.2012</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFC4FFEB3C29E8C9FABC429A" box="[1303,1323,1493,1516]" name="Italy" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Ben-Dov (C:5096/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB39C4E8EBFEDD4166" box="[250,330,1527,1552]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB38BCE8E4FE724166" box="[386,485,1528,1552]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-05-07">7.v.2012</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFC4FFEB38CCE8E4FD914179" box="[498,518,1528,1551]" name="Italy" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Ben-Dov (C:5099/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB3BD9E8EBFCA14166" box="[743,822,1527,1552]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3A50E8E4FC594166" box="[878,974,1528,1552]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-05-07">7.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:759/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB3D77E8EBFB354166" box="[1097,1186,1527,1552]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">11 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀); Eilon,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3C16E8EBFA0B4166" box="[1320,1436,1527,1552]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2011-04-11">11.iv.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:483/2 third-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB38E8EB00FDDC4143" box="[470,587,1564,1589]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2011-04-21">21.iv.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:491/1 third-instar ♀); Hanita,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3ACDEB00FBF04143" box="[1011,1127,1564,1589]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2011-04-21">21.iv.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:485/6 third-instar♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB39A9EB5CFF62412E" box="[151,245,1600,1624]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2011-05-08">8.v.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:492/6 third-instar♀, MC:493/7 third-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3A48EB5CFC48412E" box="[886,991,1600,1624]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-05-07">7.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:667/4 third-instar ♀); Timrat,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB39A9EB78FE9E410B" box="[151,265,1636,1661]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-02-25">25.ii.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:645/7 third-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3B03EB78FD2A410B" box="[573,701,1636,1661]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-04-22">22.iv.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:647/1 third-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3D38EB78FBF1410A" box="[1030,1126,1636,1660]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-05-07">7.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:653/4 third-instar ♀, MC:761/1 third-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3888EB9BFDA241D6" box="[438,565,1671,1696]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2013-04-18">18.iv.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:841/3 third-instar ♀); Eilon,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3AF8EB9BFBAD41D6" box="[966,1082,1671,1696]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2011-04-11">11.iv.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:482/10 second-instar ♀); Hanita,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB39CCEBB0FEFC41B3" box="[242,363,1708,1733]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2011-03-13">13.iii.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:442/1 second-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3BF6EBB0FCAB41B3" box="[712,828,1708,1733]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2011-04-21">21.iv.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:484/13 second-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3D96EBB0FA8141B2" box="[1192,1302,1708,1732]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-05-24">24.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:278/1 second-instar ♀); Timrat,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB38EDEBD3FDDB419E" box="[467,588,1743,1768]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-03-25">25.iii.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:645/1 second-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3AFFEBD3FBA0419E" box="[961,1079,1743,1768]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-04-22">22.iv.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:647/9 second-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB39A9EBE8FE9A407B" box="[151,269,1780,1805]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2013-04-18">18.iv.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:841/2 second-instar ♀); Eilon,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3BFCEBE8FCAE407B" box="[706,825,1780,1805]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2011-03-13">13.iii.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:459/1 first-instar); Gesher Alkosh,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3C23EBE8FA0B407B" box="[1309,1436,1780,1805]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2001-07-16">16.vii.2001</date>
|
||
(MC:269/1 first-instar); Hanita,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3B2CEA0BFDEB4046" box="[530,636,1815,1840]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2010-06-09">9.vi.2010</date>
|
||
(MC:247/1 first-instar),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3A9BEA0BFB994046" box="[933,1038,1815,1840]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2011-01-24">24.i.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:405/4 first-instars,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFC4FFEB3C06EA04FA074046" box="[1336,1424,1816,1840]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB39A9EA20FF684023" box="[151,255,1852,1877]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2011-06-03">3.vi.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:520/175 first-instars),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3B72EA20FD224023" box="[588,693,1852,1877]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-06-03">3.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:706/38 first-instars); Timrat,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3D6DEA20FB464023" box="[1107,1233,1852,1877]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2011-07-31">31.vii.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:568/3 firstinstars,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFC4FFEB39C4EA7CFEC3400E" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[250,340,1888,1912]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB384DEA7CFE76400E" box="[371,481,1888,1912]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-05-30">30.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:705/3 first-instars,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFC4FFEB3A20EA7CFCE4400E" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[798,883,1888,1912]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3AACEA43FB86400E" box="[914,1041,1887,1912]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-12-10">10.xii.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:766/3 first-instars); Eilon,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB39A9EA98FE9A40EB" box="[151,269,1924,1949]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2013-04-23">23.iv.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:859/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB38B4EA98FE4140EB" box="[394,470,1924,1949]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♂); Hanita,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3B52EA98FD5A40EA" box="[620,717,1924,1948]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-05-04">4.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:838/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB3A78EA98FC0140EB" box="[838,918,1924,1949]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♂),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3AEEEA98FBD140EB" box="[976,1094,1924,1949]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2013-04-26">26.iv.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:860/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB3D80EA98FA9840EB" box="[1214,1295,1924,1949]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">4 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♂); Timrat,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB39A9EAB4FE9A40B7" box="[151,269,1960,1985]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2013-04-28">28.iv.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:861/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB38B5EAB4FE4A40B7" box="[395,477,1960,1985]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">3 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♂); Eilon,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3B4CEAB4FD7040B7" box="[626,743,1960,1985]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2013-04-22">22.iv.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:856/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB3A5AEAB4FC5F40B6" box="[868,968,1960,1985]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="pupa">2 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
); Hanita,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3D7CEAB4FB2740B6" box="[1090,1200,1960,1984]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-05-24">24.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:279/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB3C11EAB4FA0740B6" box="[1327,1424,1960,1984]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="pupa">3 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB39A9EAD0FF604092" box="[151,247,1996,2020]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-05-01">1.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:816/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB3848EAD0FE404092" box="[374,471,1996,2021]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="pupa">3 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB38CCEAD0FDFF4093" box="[498,616,1996,2021]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2013-04-25">25.iv.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:866/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFC4FFEB3BDBEAD0FCDE4092" box="[741,841,1996,2021]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="pupa">2 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
); Eilon,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFC4FFEB3A8BEAD0FBBC4093" box="[949,1067,1996,2021]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2013-04-15">15.iv.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:857/6 prepupae); Hanita,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFCBFFE439A9ED8BFE9A47C6" box="[151,269,151,176]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2013-04-16">16.iv.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:858/4 prepupae); Eilon,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFCBFFE43B52ED8BFD7747C6" box="[620,736,151,176]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2011-04-11">11.iv.2011</date>
|
||
(MC:482/2 second-instar ♂),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFCBFFE43D01ED8BFB2347C6" box="[1087,1204,151,176]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2013-04-10">10.iv.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:855/2 secondinstar ♂); Hanita,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFCBFFE4385CEDA0FE4747A2" box="[354,464,188,212]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2012-05-24">24.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:278/2 second-instar ♂),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFCBFFE43A1DEDA0FC0E47A3" box="[803,921,188,213]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2013-04-10">10.iv.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:845/4 second-instar ♂).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCBFFE439F9EDC3FE5E46DB" blockId="24.[151,1436,151,789]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCBFFE439F9EDC3FEF4478E" bold="true" box="[199,355,223,248]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Adult female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFCBFFE4384BEDC3FE2E478E" box="[373,441,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1969,1991]" captionText="FIGURE 9. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, adult female." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCBFFE438ECEDC3FD50478E" bold="true" box="[466,711,223,248]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">General appearance</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCBFFE43BE8EDC3FBD6478E" bold="true" box="[726,1089,223,248]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Pre-reproductive adult female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFCBFFE43D6CEDC3FB33478E" box="[1106,1188,223,248]" captionStart="PLATE 2" captionStartId="25.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[208,1384,198,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[202,1385,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="PLATE 2. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. gravid female; e. post-reproductive female with crawlers; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285775/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Plate 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. c). Body oval to round,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCBFFE439D5EC18FEE0466A" box="[235,375,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="3.1" valueMax="3.7" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 1.9–3.0 mm wide; dorsum with red and black areas and with a transverse red area medially; dorsum convex and smooth.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCBFFE43B71EC3BFD6B4636" bold="true" box="[591,764,295,320]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Gravid female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFCBFFE43A32EC3BFCCA4636" box="[780,861,295,320]" captionStart="PLATE 2" captionStartId="25.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[208,1384,198,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[202,1385,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="PLATE 2. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. gravid female; e. post-reproductive female with crawlers; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285775/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Plate 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. d). Body spherical,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCBFFE43D46EC3BFB684649" box="[1144,1279,295,320]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.05" metricValueMax="5.9" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="5.05" valueMax="5.9" valueMin="4.2">4.2–5.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 2.9–5.0 mm wide,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCBFFE43833EC50FE024612" box="[269,405,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="4.05" valueMax="4.3" valueMin="3.8">3.8–4.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
high; body dark red to black and uniform in colour.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCBFFE43AE1EC50FA9D4613" bold="true" box="[991,1290,332,357]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Post-reproductive female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFCBFFE43C27EC50FAFD4612" box="[1305,1386,332,357]" captionStart="PLATE 2" captionStartId="25.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[208,1384,198,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[202,1385,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="PLATE 2. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. gravid female; e. post-reproductive female with crawlers; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285775/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Plate 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. e). Body spherical and derm smooth and sclerotized; body
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCBFFE43A0FEC73FC2F46F1" box="[817,952,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.05" metricValueMax="5.9" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="5.05" valueMax="5.9" valueMin="4.2">4.2–5.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 2.9–5.0 mm wide,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCBFFE43DEAEC6CFACB46F1" box="[1236,1372,368,392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="4.05" valueMax="4.3" valueMin="3.8">3.8–4.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, and orange to tan coloured.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCBFFE439F9ECABFEA2456E" blockId="24.[151,1436,151,789]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCBFFE439F9ECABFDA746A6" bold="true" box="[199,560,439,464]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mounted young adult female.</emphasis>
|
||
Oval to circular, 2.5–3.0 mm long, 1.8–2.5 wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCBFFE43D42ECABFA0B46A6" bold="true" box="[1148,1436,439,464]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Margin. Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
short and spinose, each about 5 Μm long, arranged in a single row of 15–22 on each side. Stigmatic setae not differentiated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCBFFE439F9EF38FDCE4463" blockId="24.[151,1436,151,789]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCBFFE439F9EF38FE64454B" bold="true" box="[199,499,548,573]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Dorsum. Bilocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
oval, each about 3 Μm long, 2 Μm wide, abundant throughout dorsum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCBFFE43C05EF38FF404516" bold="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFCBFFE439C2EF54FEA44516" box="[252,307,584,608]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2, each with inner ductule 7–17 Μm long, inner cup 5–8 Μm wide and outer ductule 12–15 Μm long, sparse, much less frequent than bilocular pores.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCBFFE43B8EEF70FC1945F3" bold="true" box="[688,910,620,645]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Seta-pore clusters:</emphasis>
|
||
setae 17–25 um long, each with a cluster of 4– 14 pores, each 8 Μm wide with 3–5 loculi, in 10–13 clusters on each side, extending in a single complete submarginal row.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCBFFE4385BEFA8FE4D45BB" bold="true" box="[357,474,692,717]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal, circular, diameter 75–100 Μm, setae and pores absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCBFFE43D91EFA8FAB845BB" bold="true" box="[1199,1327,692,717]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
probably represented by two quadrate, sclerotized areas posterior to anal ring, each 50–75 Μm long, 63–75 Μm wide, each with 13–16 setose setae 30–43 Μm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFCBFFE439A9EAADFD5B40B1" box="[151,716,1969,1991]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCBFFE439A9EAADFD5B40B1" blockId="24.[151,716,1969,1991]" box="[151,716,1969,1991]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCBFFE439A9EAADFE8540B1" bold="true" box="[151,274,1969,1991]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCBFFE43827EAAEFDAA40B1" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[281,573,1969,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCBFFE43827EAAEFE3A40B1" box="[281,429,1970,1991]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Kermes greeni</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, adult female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFCAFFE539A9EABDFA1040A0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285775/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" targetBox="[208,1384,198,1930]" targetPageId="25">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCAFFE539A9EABDFA1040A0" blockId="25.[151,1436,1953,2006]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCAFFE539A9EABDFE9240C1" bold="true" box="[151,261,1953,1975]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">PLATE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCAFFE53830EABEFDA040C1" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[270,567,1953,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCAFFE53830EABEFE3240C1" box="[270,421,1954,1975]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Kermes greeni</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, general appearance;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCAFFE53A24EABDFCBB40C1" bold="true" box="[794,812,1953,1975]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">a.</emphasis>
|
||
second-instar female;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCAFFE53D25EABDFBB840C1" bold="true" box="[1051,1071,1953,1975]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">b.</emphasis>
|
||
third-instar female;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCAFFE53C38EABDFA8F40C1" bold="true" box="[1286,1304,1953,1975]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">c.</emphasis>
|
||
young adult female;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCAFFE539D7EADCFF6A40A0" bold="true" box="[233,253,1984,2006]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">d.</emphasis>
|
||
gravid female;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCAFFE538A3EADCFE3940A0" bold="true" box="[413,430,1984,2006]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">e.</emphasis>
|
||
post-reproductive female with crawlers;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCAFFE53A71EADCFCC840A0" bold="true" box="[847,863,1984,2006]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">f.</emphasis>
|
||
second-instar male;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCAFFE53D0EEADCFBD440A0" bold="true" box="[1072,1091,1984,2006]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">g.</emphasis>
|
||
prepupa;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCAFFE53D96EADCFB2A40A0" bold="true" box="[1192,1213,1984,2006]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">h.</emphasis>
|
||
pupa;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCAFFE53C3CEADCFA9940A0" bold="true" box="[1282,1294,1984,2006]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">i.</emphasis>
|
||
adult male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFC9FFE639F9ED8BFDF944F6" blockId="26.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE639F9ED8BFECB47C6" bold="true" box="[199,348,151,176]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63883ED8BFDA747C6" bold="true" box="[445,560,151,176]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
4, 5 or 6 segmented; when 4-segmented, segments I–III appear fused; in 5- segmented antennae, segments II and III appear fused; each antenna 105–110 Μm long; setal distribution as follows: scape with 2 setose setae; pedicel with 2 setose setae; segment III with 1 setose seta; IV with 1 fleshy seta; V with 2 fleshy setae; apical segment with 4 setose setae and 1 fleshy seta.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63ACDEC18FBBC466B" bold="true" box="[1011,1067,260,285]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed; tibia and tarsus occasionally fused, measurements (in Μm) of metathoracic legs: coxa 30–35, trochanter + femur 70–75, tibia 37– 50, tarsus 40–48, claw blunt, 10–18 Μm long; total length 212–250; each trochanter with 2 oval, sensory pores on each side; tarsal digitules 25–38 Μm long, knobbed apically and extending beyond apex of claw; claw digitules knobbed apically, each 22–25 Μm long, shorter than tarsal digitules. Denticle absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63D74EC88FB5F46DB" bold="true" box="[1098,1224,404,429]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
250–287 Μm long, 237–250 Μm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE6384DECABFE4546A6" bold="true" box="[371,466,439,464]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 162–212 Μm long, 125–162 Μm wide; labial setae all setose: basal segment with 2 pairs 3–5 Μm long, median segment with 1 pair 7–8 Μm long, and apical segment with 4 pairs 10–13 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63864ECE3FE50456E" bold="true" box="[346,455,511,536]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 62–87 Μm long and 45–55 Μm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63C3BECE3FF4F454B" bold="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Multilocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
of variable sizes distributed as follows: (i) a group of 35–65 surrounding each spiracle, each 5–7 Μm in diameter with 5–6 loculi; (ii) in 6–8 clusters of 30–60 pores on abdominal segments III–VII, each 7–8 Μm in diameter with 9–11 loculi; (iii) with 12–24 on each abdominal segment, not in clusters, each 7 Μm in diameter with 5 or 6 loculi,; (iv) in submedial groups of 64–104 posterior to vulva, each 7–8 Μm in diameter with 5 or 6 loculi; and (v) a medial group of 52–60 pores, posterior to vulva, 6 Μm diameter with 4–7 loculi.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63D43EFA8FAB245BB" bold="true" box="[1149,1317,692,717]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFC9FFE63C77EFA9FA1745BB" box="[1353,1408,693,717]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
1, with inner ductule 7–17 Μm long, cup 5 Μm wide, and outer ductule 22–30 Μm long, in a dense complete submarginal band about 10 ducts wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63B58EFE0FD314463" bold="true" box="[614,678,764,789]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
setose: each abdominal segment with a line of about 8–10 setae, submedially, each 23–25 Μm long, plus 8–10 medially, each 10–12 Μm long; also with a group of 40–48 setae posterior to vulva, each 10–13 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63B5AEE58FD6A442B" bold="true" box="[612,765,836,861]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each about 2 or 3 Μm long, arranged in groups of 3 or
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFC9FFE63C4EEE58FA0B442B" box="[1392,1436,836,861]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
|
||
about 8 rows on each abdominal segment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31141C5FFC9FFE339F9EE90FBB4449A" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFC9FFE639F9EE90FAE7420E" blockId="26.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE639F9EE90FED844D3" bold="true" box="[199,335,908,933]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The adult female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE63B7BEE91FD2744D2" box="[581,688,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63B7BEE91FD2744D2" box="[581,688,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares the following characters with those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE63DF8EE91FAD144D3" box="[1222,1350,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63DF8EE91FAD144D3" box="[1222,1350,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE63CBCEE91FE9D44BE" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63CBCEE91FE9D44BE" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (i) fully-developed legs; (ii) six-segmented antennae; (iii) seta-pore clusters located submarginally on dorsum; (iv) anal ring dorsal; (v) anal ring without setae or pores; (vi) anal lobes sclerotized on dorsum; and (vii) two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFC9FFE639F5EEE4FE914366" box="[203,262,1016,1040]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of tubular ducts, one on venter and other on dorsum. The above characters are also present in adult females of the Oriental species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE638C7E901FCC94343" authority="Liu (Liu & Shi, 1995)" authorityName="Liu (Liu & Shi" authorityYear="1995" box="[505,862,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE638C7E901FDCA4343" box="[505,605,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. flavus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFC9FFE63B5AE900FCC94343" box="[612,862,1052,1077]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Liu, Y. & Shi, Y. (1995) Two new species of Kermes (Homoptera: Coccinea: Kermesidae), with a key to the young adult females of known species of Kermes from China. Insecta Mundi, 9, 155 - 163." type="journal article">Liu (Liu & Shi, 1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE63A54E901FBEC4343" authority="Hu, 1986" authorityName="Hu" authorityYear="1986" box="[874,1147,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miyasakii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63A54E901FC614343" box="[874,1014,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. miyasakii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFC9FFE63D38E900FBE34343" author="Hu" box="[1030,1140,1052,1077]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Hu, X. (1986) Studies on gall-like scale insects, with descriptions of three new species from Shandong, China (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Kermesidae). Entomotaxonomia, 8, 291 - 316. [in Chinese, English abstract]" type="journal article" year="1986">Hu, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE63DB9E901FF4F432E" authority="Liu & Shi, 1995" authorityName="Liu & Shi" authorityYear="1995" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63DB9E901FA844343" box="[1159,1299,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFC9FFE63C1DE900FF47432E" author="Liu" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Liu, Y. & Shi, Y. (1995) Two new species of Kermes (Homoptera: Coccinea: Kermesidae), with a key to the young adult females of known species of Kermes from China. Insecta Mundi, 9, 155 - 163." type="journal article" year="1995">Liu & Shi, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE6382CE95DFDDF432E" authority="Hu, 1986" authorityName="Hu" authorityYear="1986" box="[274,584,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taishanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE6382CE95DFE28432E" box="[274,447,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. taishanensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFC9FFE638EEE95CFDA8432E" author="Hu" box="[464,575,1087,1112]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Hu, X. (1986) Studies on gall-like scale insects, with descriptions of three new species from Shandong, China (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Kermesidae). Entomotaxonomia, 8, 291 - 316. [in Chinese, English abstract]" type="journal article" year="1986">Hu, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The segmentation of the legs and antennae varies between the non-Israeli species; legs are reduced to three-segments in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE63B95E979FB81430B" authority="Borchsenius, 1960" authorityName="Borchsenius" authorityYear="1960" box="[683,1046,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63B95E979FCB1430A" box="[683,806,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. quercus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFC9FFE63A08E978FB99430B" author="Borchsenius" box="[822,1038,1124,1149]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Borchsenius, N. S. (1960) Fauna of USSR, Homoptera, Kermococcidae, Asterolecaniidae, Lecanidodiaspididae, Aclerdidae. Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Zoologicheskii institut (Series), Leningrad, 282 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1960">Borchsenius, 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE63D1DE979FEF143D6" authority="Saakyan-Baranova & Muzafarov, 1972" authorityName="Saakyan-Baranova & Muzafarov" authorityYear="1972" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roboris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63D1DE979FB00430B" box="[1059,1175,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. roboris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFC9FFE63D96E978FEC943D6" author="Saakyan-Baranova" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Saakyan-Baranova, A. A. & Muzafarof, S. S. (1972) The structure, biology and relationship of Kermococcus quercus L. (Homoptera, Kermococcidae) and its parasites (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea). Entomological Review, 51, 296 - 310." type="journal article" year="1972">Saakyan-Baranova & Muzafarov, 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE6384BE995FC1543D6" authority="Bullington & Kosztarab, 1985" authorityName="Bullington & Kosztarab" authorityYear="1985" box="[373,898,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE6384BE995FD9543D6" box="[373,514,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. sylvestris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFC9FFE63B2BE99BFCED43D6" author="Bullington" box="[533,890,1159,1184]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Bullington, S. W. & Kosztarab, M. (1985) A revision of the family Kermesidae (Homoptera) in the Nearctic Region based on adult and third instar females) Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and University Research Division, 85, 1 - 118." type="journal article" year="1985">Bullington & Kosztarab, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE63AF8E995FABE43D6" authority="Sternlicht, 1970" authorityName="Sternlicht" authorityYear="1970" box="[966,1321,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="williamsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63AF8E995FBC543D6" box="[966,1106,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. williamsi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFC9FFE63D5BE99BFAB643D6" author="Sternlicht" box="[1125,1313,1159,1184]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1970) A new species of Kermes Boitard (Coccoidea, Kermesidae) from England on oak. Entomologist's Gazette, 23, 259 - 266." type="journal article" year="1970">Sternlicht, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE63CBCE995FF4D43B3" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nudus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63CBCE995FF4D43B3" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. nudus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE6382CE9B1FE0243B2" box="[274,405,1197,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE6382CE9B1FE0243B2" box="[274,405,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. rimarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have fully-developed legs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFC9FFE63BF1E9B0FBB043B3" author="Bullington" box="[719,1063,1196,1221]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Bullington, S. W. & Kosztarab, M. (1985) A revision of the family Kermesidae (Homoptera) in the Nearctic Region based on adult and third instar females) Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and University Research Division, 85, 1 - 118." type="journal article" year="1985">Bullington & Kosztarab, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE63D4DE9B1FB4C43B2" box="[1139,1243,1197,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63D4DE9B1FB4C43B2" box="[1139,1243,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE63CBAE9B0FF40439E" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Allokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kingii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63CBAE9B0FF40439E" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">A. kingii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has fully-developed legs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFC9FFE63B0CE9CCFC87439E" author="Hamon" box="[562,784,1231,1256]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Hamon, A. B., Lambdin, P. L. & Kosztarab, M. (1976) Life history and morphology of Kermes kingii in Virginia (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Kermesidae). Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Research Division, 111, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1976">
|
||
Hamon
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63BB3E9CDFD29439E" box="[653,702,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1976
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The number of antennal segment ranges from four to six for the above mentioned species, mostly with indistinct segmentation. Adult female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE63D76E9E9FB38427A" box="[1096,1199,1269,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63D76E9E9FB38427A" box="[1096,1199,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE6382BE805FEFD4246" box="[277,362,1305,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE6382BE805FEFD4246" box="[277,362,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Kermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by the presence of quadrate-shaped anal lobes on the dorsum, each lobe with more than five setose setae. The anal lobes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE63B15E821FD284223" box="[555,703,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63B15E821FD284223" box="[555,703,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE63BC6E821FCE04223" box="[760,887,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63BC6E821FCE04223" box="[760,887,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are narrower compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE63D95E821FA844222" box="[1195,1299,1341,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63D95E821FA844222" box="[1195,1299,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with fewer than five setae. The adult females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE63B0AE87DFD57420E" box="[564,704,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63B0AE87DFD57420E" box="[564,704,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE63BF0E87DFCEB420E" box="[718,892,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63BF0E87DFCEB420E" box="[718,892,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC9FFE63A8DE87DFBFF420E" box="[947,1128,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63A8DE87DFBFF420E" box="[947,1128,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
do not have anal lobes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFC9FFE639F9E898FD814292" blockId="26.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE639F9E898FE2542EB" bold="true" box="[199,434,1412,1437]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Third-instar female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFC9FFE638FFE898FD8342EA" box="[449,532,1412,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1409,1431]" captionText="FIGURE 10. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, third-instar female." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFC9FFE63B21E898FDF942EA" box="[543,622,1412,1437]" captionStart="PLATE 2" captionStartId="25.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[208,1384,198,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[202,1385,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="PLATE 2. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. gravid female; e. post-reproductive female with crawlers; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285775/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Plate 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. b).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63BF5E898FC2A42EB" bold="true" box="[715,957,1412,1437]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">General appearance</emphasis>
|
||
. Body round, slightly convex,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFC9FFE63C28E898FA0B42EA" box="[1302,1436,1412,1436]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFC9FFE63834E8BBFEC842C9" box="[266,351,1447,1472]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFC9FFE63892E8B4FDA342C9" box="[428,564,1448,1472]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
high; dorsum with orange and brown areas, with a medial, transverse orange area and 4 transverse brown rows.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFC9FFE639F9E8F3FC6D417E" blockId="26.[151,1436,151,2013]" box="[199,1018,1519,1544]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE639F9E8F3FE27417E" bold="true" box="[199,432,1519,1544]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Oval to round, 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFC9FFE63BADE8ECFD7F4171" box="[659,744,1520,1544]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFC9FFE63A10E8F3FC224171" box="[814,949,1519,1544]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="1.1" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="0.6">0.6–1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFC9FFE639F9EB08FEF241CB" blockId="26.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE639F9EB08FE75415B" bold="true" box="[199,482,1556,1581]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Margin. Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
short and spinose, each 10 µm long and 5 µm wide, in a single complete line of 20– 26 on each side.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE6386CEB2BFD164126" bold="true" box="[338,641,1591,1616]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Dorsal submarginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
robust, in two rows, larger and longer than marginal setae: outer row a single complete line of 20–25 setae on each side, each 25 µm long, each seta frequently associated with 1–3 quinquelocular pores, each 5 µm diameter; inner line of 15–18 setae, similar to submarginal setae, but shorter, each about 16 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFC9FFE639F9EBDBFD4B4006" blockId="26.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE639F9EBDBFE174196" bold="true" box="[199,384,1735,1760]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Dorsum. Setae:</emphasis>
|
||
setose setae in submedial longitudinal rows of about 5 setae, each 8 µm long; also spinose setae, similar to submarginal setae but short, in a group of 3–6 near anterior apex of body.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63DAFEBF0FAD04073" bold="true" box="[1169,1351,1772,1797]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Bilocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
oval to circular, each 3 µm long and 2 µm wide; abundant on dorsum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63A58EA13FC4D405E" bold="true" box="[870,986,1807,1832]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal, horseshoe shaped, with anterior gap; about 40 µm diameter; setae and pores absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63BDEEA28FCC9403B" bold="true" box="[736,862,1844,1869]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
sclerotized circular areas, each 60 µm long and 50 µm wide, with 12–15 setose setae each 60 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFC9FFE039F9EA60FC3547A3" blockId="26.[151,1436,151,2013]" lastBlockId="28.[151,1436,151,680]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE639F9EA60FECC40E3" bold="true" box="[199,347,1916,1941]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 10 µm wide, lateral to each scape near body margin.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC9FFE63D64EA60FB5A40E3" bold="true" box="[1114,1229,1916,1941]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
6 segmented, 125 µm long; segment III longer than other segments; scape with 2 setose setae; pedicel with 2 setose setae; segment III with 1 setose seta; IV with 1 fleshy seta; V with 1 fleshy seta and 1 setose seta; apical segment with 4 setose setae and 1 fleshy seta.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC8FFE73863E8A2FE0242A1" bold="true" box="[349,405,1470,1495]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed; measurements (in µm) of metathoracic leg: coxa 37–50, trochanter + femur 65–74, tibia 70–75, tarsus 32–48, claw 13–20; total length 220–250 Μm; trochanter with 2 oval, sensory pores on each side; tarsal digitules 20–37 Μm long, knobbed apically, slightly extending beyond claw apex; claw digitules knobbed apically, each 20–25 Μm long, shorter than tarsal digitules; claws without a claw.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC8FFE73DB6EB36FA914135" bold="true" box="[1160,1286,1578,1603]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
150–175 µm long, 163–180 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC8FFE73890EB52FD9A4111" bold="true" box="[430,525,1614,1639]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 110–125 µm long, 83–100 µm wide; with setose setae as follows: basal segment with 2 pairs, each 5–8 µm long; medial segment with 1 pair about 13 µm long and apical segment with 4 pairs 10 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC8FFE73B0CEB8AFD3F41D9" bold="true" box="[562,680,1686,1711]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Spiracles:</emphasis>
|
||
mesothoracic spiracles smaller than metathoracic spiracles; each mesothoracic peritreme 20 Μm long, 13 Μm wide, with sclerosis 30 µm long; each metathoracic peritreme 28 Μm long, 20 Μm wide, with sclerosis 30 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC8FFE73B9BEBC2FCD84181" bold="true" box="[677,847,1758,1783]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFC8FFE73A97EBC3FC7F4181" box="[937,1000,1759,1783]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">types</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFC8FFE73ACAEBC3FBBB4181" box="[1012,1068,1759,1783]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
1, with inner ductule 10–13 µm long, inner cup about 5 µm wide and outer ductule 10–13 µm long, arranged in a complete dense submarginal band about 5 or 6 ducts wide;
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFC8FFE7388FEA3BFE7E4049" box="[433,489,1831,1855]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2, with inner ductule 10–13 µm long, inner cup about 5 µm wide and outer ductule 15–18 µm long, arranged in a complete submedial band 1 or 2 ducts wide and scattered medially on thorax.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC8FFE739A9EA72FE3340F1" bold="true" box="[151,420,1902,1927]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Quinquelocular pores,</emphasis>
|
||
each 5 µm diameter: with 2 pores anterior to tentorium; 2–4 pores anterolateral to each spiracle; 1 pore medial to each coxa; and with 1 medial and 1 submedial pore on each abdominal segment.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC8FFE73C7DEA8EFF4540B9" bold="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFC8FFE73812EAABFEFC40B9" box="[300,363,1975,1999]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) setose setae: 12 anterior to tentorium, each 25 µm long; 3 or 4 anterior to each coxa, each 10–23 µm long; and in medial and submedial longitudinal rows on abdominal segments II–VII, each 10–23 µm long; and (ii) tack-like setae, each 8 µm long, in a submarginal row on abdominal segments II–VII.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE03C3DED8BFA0B47C6" bold="true" box="[1283,1436,151,176]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each 2 µm long, in groups of
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCFFFE038DFEDA0FDBF47A3" box="[481,552,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" metricValueMax="12.7" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1–5 in</quantity>
|
||
transverse rows over entire body.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFC8FFE739A9E89DFC8142E1" box="[151,790,1409,1431]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFC8FFE739A9E89DFC8142E1" blockId="27.[151,790,1409,1431]" box="[151,790,1409,1431]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC8FFE739A9E89DFE8842E1" bold="true" box="[151,287,1409,1431]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFC8FFE7381BE89EFDDE42E1" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,585,1409,1431]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFC8FFE7381BE89EFE2E42E1" box="[293,441,1410,1431]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Kermes greeni</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, third-instar female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCFFFE039F9EDC3FCB645D1" blockId="28.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE039F9EDC3FED8478E" bold="true" box="[199,335,223,248]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The third-instar female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE03BBCEDFDFD7D478E" box="[642,746,225,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE03BBCEDFDFD7D478E" box="[642,746,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE03D23EDFDFB0C478E" box="[1053,1179,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE03D23EDFDFB0C478E" box="[1053,1179,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE03DEAEDFDFAFE478E" box="[1236,1385,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE03DEAEDFDFAFE478E" box="[1236,1385,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. All three species share (characters for
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE03B19EC19FCEF466B" box="[551,888,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE03B19EC19FD2E466B" box="[551,697,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">K. echinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE03BF9EC19FCEF466B" box="[711,888,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">K. hermonensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE03A8AEC19FBFC466B" box="[948,1131,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE03A8AEC19FBFC466B" box="[948,1131,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in brackets): (i) short and spinose marginal setae (conical) (ii) fully-developed legs (leg segmentation reduced); (iii) anal ring dorsal (ventral); and (iv) sclerotized anal lobes on dorsum (absent). The third-instar female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE03D45EC51FB744612" box="[1147,1251,333,356]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE03D45EC51FB744612" box="[1147,1251,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE039E8EC6DFEC146FE" box="[214,342,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE039E8EC6DFEC146FE" box="[214,342,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE038AEEC6DFDB146FE" box="[400,550,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE038AEEC6DFDB146FE" box="[400,550,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the absence of seta-pore clusters on the dorsum and the presence of more than three setae on each anal lobe.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE03B10EC89FB9746DA" authority="Pellizzari et al., 2012" authorityName="Pellizzari et al." authorityYear="2012" box="[558,1024,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE03B10EC89FD7D46DB" box="[558,746,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Kermes vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCFFFE03BC2EC88FC6F46DA" author="Pellizzari" box="[764,1016,404,429]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Pellizzari, G., Porcelli, F., Convertini, S. & Marotta, S. (2012) Description of nymphal instars and adult female of Kermes vermilio Planchon (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae), with a synopsis of the European and Mediterranean species. Zootaxa, 3336, 36 - 50." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Pellizzari
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE03A4FEC89FC3346DB" box="[881,932,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a Palaearctic species for which the third-instar female has been described, differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE03BE1ECA5FCD146A6" box="[735,838,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE03BE1ECA5FCD146A6" box="[735,838,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having (characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE03D5EECA5FB4946A6" box="[1120,1246,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE03D5EECA5FB4946A6" box="[1120,1246,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in brackets) sixsegmented antennae (one-segmented antennae) and fully-developed legs (one-segmented). Among the Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE039A9EF1DFF7B456E" box="[151,236,513,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE039A9EF1DFF7B456E" box="[151,236,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Kermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the third-instar of only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE038C2EF1DFD13456E" box="[508,644,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE038C2EF1DFD13456E" box="[508,644,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">K. sylvestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been described and illustrated (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCFFFE03D2EECE3FAF2456E" author="Bullington" box="[1040,1381,511,536]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Bullington, S. W. & Kosztarab, M. (1985) A revision of the family Kermesidae (Homoptera) in the Nearctic Region based on adult and third instar females) Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and University Research Division, 85, 1 - 118." type="journal article" year="1985">Bullington & Kosztarab, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and appears to be similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE03B1FEF39FD1B454A" box="[545,652,549,572]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE03B1FEF39FD1B454A" box="[545,652,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a ventral submarginal band of tubular ducts, and sparse quinquelocular pores on body margin and venter but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE03BCDEF55FCCD4516" box="[755,858,585,608]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE03BCDEF55FCCD4516" box="[755,858,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFCFFFE03AFDEF54FC694516" box="[963,1022,584,608]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of ventral tubular ducts, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE03CBCEF55FF6845F3" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE03CBCEF55FF6845F3" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">K. sylvestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
venter has only one
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFCFFFE038D6EF71FD8B45F3" box="[488,540,621,645]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">type</typeStatus>
|
||
; also
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE03B62EF71FD5445F2" box="[604,707,621,644]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE03B62EF71FD5445F2" box="[604,707,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has fully-developed legs (total length 220–250 Μm) compared to the much shorter legs (124–160 Μm long) on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE03BAFEF8DFC8D45DE" box="[657,794,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE03BAFEF8DFC8D45DE" box="[657,794,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">K. sylvestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFCFFFE039A9EAD9FCBC40AD" box="[151,811,1989,2012]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCFFFE039A9EAD9FCBC40AD" blockId="28.[151,811,1989,2012]" box="[151,811,1989,2012]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE039A9EAD9FE8940AD" bold="true" box="[151,286,1989,2011]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCFFFE0381AEADBFDDF40AD" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[292,584,1989,2012]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCFFFE0381AEADBFE2F40AA" box="[292,440,1991,2012]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Kermes greeni</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, second-instar female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCEFFE139F9ED8BFCBC4781" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE139F9ED8BFE5347C6" bold="true" box="[199,452,151,176]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Second-instar female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFCEFFE138E8ED8BFDBE47C6" box="[470,553,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1989,2011]" captionText="FIGURE 11. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, second-instar female." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFCEFFE13B06ED8BFD1D47C6" box="[568,650,151,176]" captionStart="PLATE 2" captionStartId="25.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[208,1384,198,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[202,1385,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="PLATE 2. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. gravid female; e. post-reproductive female with crawlers; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285775/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Plate 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. a).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13BD3ED8BFC7547C6" bold="true" box="[749,994,151,176]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">General appearance</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval and flat,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCEFFE13DEFED8BFACD47D9" box="[1233,1370,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="0.95" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.6">0.6–1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCEFFE139A9EDA0FEB347A2" box="[151,292,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; dorsum and venter bright orange, body flat with fringe of narrow whitish marginal wax filaments and dorsum covered in a thin layer of white wax.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCEFFE139F9EC18FC6D466B" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1018,260,285]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE139F9EC18FE27466B" bold="true" box="[199,432,260,285]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCEFFE13B07EC18FD57466A" box="[569,704,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="1.05" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.6">0.6–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and 0.4–1.0 mm wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCEFFE139F9EC3BFE3746FE" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE139F9EC3BFE744636" bold="true" box="[199,483,295,320]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Margin. Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
robust and spinose of two sizes: larger each about 60 µm long, in a single complete line of 17–24 on each side; and smaller setae, in a line of 11–16 on each side, lying between larger marginal setae, each about 25 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCEFFE139F9EC88FC664682" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE139F9EC88FEE946DB" bold="true" box="[199,382,404,429]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Dorsum. Setae</emphasis>
|
||
tack-like, each about 3 µm long, in submedian longitudinal rows of about 10 setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE139A9ECABFE1746A6" bold="true" box="[151,384,439,464]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Microtubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
with a circular opening about 3 Μm diameter, inner ductule about 1 Μm long and outer ductule 0.5 Μm long, in 4 complete longitudinal rows, each row with about 25 pores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCEFFE139F9ECE3FEB942EB" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE139F9ECE3FEC9456E" bold="true" box="[199,350,511,536]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 18 µm wide, laterad to each scape near body margin.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13DB9ECE3FB6C456E" bold="true" box="[1159,1275,511,536]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
6 segmented, length 108–130 µm; segment III longer than other segments; scape with 2 setose setae; pedicel with 2 setose setae; segment III with 1 setose seta; IV with 1 fleshy seta; V with 1 fleshy seta and 1 setose seta; apical segment with 3 fleshy setae and 3 setose setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13B37EF70FDD645F3" bold="true" box="[521,577,620,645]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed; measurements (in Μm) of metathoracic legs: coxa 40–45, trochanter + femur 87–100, tibia 45–50, tarsus 70–75, claw, 20–25; total length 263–295 Μm; trochanter with 2 oval sensory pores on each side; tarsal digitules 32–38 Μm long, knobbed apically, extending beyond claw apex; claw digitules knobbed apically, each 17–23 Μm long, shorter than tarsal digitules; claws with a small denticle.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE139A9EFE0FE824463" bold="true" box="[151,277,764,789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
105–115 µm long, 105–110 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13BE0EFE0FCAA4463" bold="true" box="[734,829,764,789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 85–98 µm long, 40–63 µm wide; all setae setose as follows: basal segment with 2 pairs about 8 µm long, median segment with 1 pair about 15 µm long and apical segment with 4 pairs each about 18 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13A40EE58FC7C442B" bold="true" box="[894,1003,836,861]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 8–10 Μm wide; each sclerosis 20–28 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13B54EE7BFC8444F6" bold="true" box="[618,787,871,896]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFCEFFE13A05EE74FCE444F6" box="[827,883,872,896]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2, with inner ductule 6–10 µm long, inner cup 5 µm wide and outer ductule 9–17 µm long, arranged in a complete submarginal band about 1 or 2 ducts wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE139A9EEB3FE3F44BE" bold="true" box="[151,424,943,968]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Quinquelocular pores,</emphasis>
|
||
with 5 pores anterolateral to each metathoracic spiracle and 1 anterolateral to each mesothoracic spiracle, each 3 µm diameter; also 1 pore medial to each coxa, 5 µm diameter; and 2 pores submedially on each abdominal segment, each 5 µm diameter.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13A6AEEEBFC784366" bold="true" box="[852,1007,1015,1040]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of three
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFCEFFE13D6CEEE4FB064366" box="[1106,1169,1016,1040]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) robust spinose setae similar to marginal setae; with 2 pairs anterior to each scape, each about 60 µm long; and 3 shorter setae, similar to submarginal setae, anterior to each scape, each about 25 µm long; (ii) setose setae: with 6 medially just anterior to tentorium, each about 48 µm long; with 2 setae medial to each coxa, one about 20 µm long and other about 10 µm long; and in medial and submedial lines on abdominal segments II–VII, each medial seta about 30 µm long and each submedial seta about 10 µm long. Also, 1 pair just anterior to anal ring about 53 µm long, plus a pair posterior to anal ring about 10 µm long; and (iii) tack-like setae, each about 5 µm long, submarginally on abdominal segments II–VII.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13862E9E8FE62427B" bold="true" box="[348,501,1268,1293]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each about 2 µm long, in groups of
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCEFFE13AAEE9E8FC40427B" box="[912,983,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.89" metricValueMax="12.7" metricValueMin="5.08" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="in" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 in</quantity>
|
||
5–6 transverse rows on each abdominal segment and scattered on thorax.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13B31E80BFD154246" bold="true" box="[527,642,1303,1328]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
ventral, diameter 37–40 µm, circular with anterior gap, each half with 3 spinose setae 65–68 µm long, and about 20–25 pores.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13A33E820FC1D4223" bold="true" box="[781,906,1340,1365]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
very well-developed; each inner margin with a spinose seta about 20 µm long and, on apex of each lobe, a spinose seta about 25 µm long and a flagellate seta 145– 162 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCEFFE139F9E8BBFCFF4006" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE139F9E8BBFED842B6" bold="true" box="[199,335,1447,1472]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Among the Palaearctic species, in addition to those described here, second-instar females are known for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE13827E8D1FDE54293" authority="Sternlicht, 1969" authorityName="Sternlicht" authorityYear="1969" box="[281,626,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bytinskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13827E8D1FE0A4293" box="[281,413,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">K. bytinskii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCEFFE13891E8D0FDFC4293" author="Sternlicht" box="[431,619,1484,1509]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1969) Kermes bytinskii n. spec. (Coccoidea: Kermesidae) in Israel and observations of life history. Israel Journal of Entomology, 4, 251 - 270." type="journal article" year="1969">Sternlicht, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE13BBCE8D1FC744292" authority="Sternlicht, 1970" authorityName="Sternlicht" authorityYear="1970" box="[642,995,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="williamsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13BBCE8D1FC9A4293" box="[642,781,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">K. williamsi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCEFFE13A1EE8D0FC4C4292" author="Sternlicht" box="[800,987,1484,1509]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1970) A new species of Kermes Boitard (Coccoidea, Kermesidae) from England on oak. Entomologist's Gazette, 23, 259 - 266." type="journal article" year="1970">Sternlicht, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE13ACDE8D1FAD24292" authority="Podsiadlo, 2012" authorityName="Podsiadlo" authorityYear="2012" box="[1011,1349,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13ACDE8D1FBF94292" box="[1011,1134,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">K. quercus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCEFFE13DBFE8D0FAAA4292" author="Podsiadlo" box="[1153,1341,1484,1509]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Podsiadlo, E. (2012) Morphology of second instar nymphs of Kermes quercus (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Kermesidae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 81, 35 - 42. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2478 / v 10200 - 011 - 0061 - 9" type="journal article" year="2012">Podsiadlo, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE13CBCE8D1FE69417E" authority="Pellizzari et al., 2012" authorityName="Pellizzari et al." authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13CBCE8D1FF63417E" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCEFFE1383CE8F3FE60417E" author="Pellizzari" box="[258,503,1519,1544]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Pellizzari, G., Porcelli, F., Convertini, S. & Marotta, S. (2012) Description of nymphal instars and adult female of Kermes vermilio Planchon (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae), with a synopsis of the European and Mediterranean species. Zootaxa, 3336, 36 - 50." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Pellizzari
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE1384AE8EDFE3B417E" box="[372,428,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The second-instar female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE13A79E8EDFC39417E" box="[839,942,1521,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13A79E8EDFC39417E" box="[839,942,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
most closely resembles those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE13C20E8EDFA0C417E" box="[1310,1435,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13C20E8EDFA0C417E" box="[1310,1435,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having robust spinose marginal setae and well-defined anal lobes, but differs in that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE13D81EB09FABB415A" box="[1215,1324,1557,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13D81EB09FABB415A" box="[1215,1324,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has four longitudinal lines of quinquelocular pores ventrally on the abdominal segments, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE13D43EB25FB694126" box="[1149,1278,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13D43EB25FB694126" box="[1149,1278,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has only two lines of pores. This instar of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE138D2EB41FDC14102" box="[492,598,1629,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE138D2EB41FDC14102" box="[492,598,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also lacks the marginal spatulate setae found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE13DACEB41FABE4103" box="[1170,1321,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13DACEB41FABE4103" box="[1170,1321,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Also the second-instar female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE1388DEB9DFD8941EE" box="[435,542,1665,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE1388DEB9DFD8941EE" box="[435,542,1665,1688]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lack the membranous frontal lobes found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE13D04EB9DFB2A41EE" box="[1082,1213,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13D04EB9DFB2A41EE" box="[1082,1213,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Tubular ducts are present on both the venter and dorsum in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE13B50EBB9FD6C41CB" box="[622,763,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13B50EBB9FD6C41CB" box="[622,763,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13A0DEBB9FC7E41CB" box="[819,1001,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE13A0DEBB9FC7341CB" box="[819,996,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">K. hermonensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
but are found only on the venter in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE13CBCEBB9FF4A4196" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13CBCEBB9FF4A4196" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE139D1EBD5FE024196" box="[239,405,1737,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE139D1EBD5FE024196" box="[239,405,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Kermes greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has six-segmented antennae and well-developed legs, as on the Nearctic species
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13CBCEBD5FDD94072" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE13CBCEBD5FE904073" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cockerelli">K. cockerelli</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE1382DEBF1FE284073" box="[275,447,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinnulus">K. concinnulus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE138F5EBF1FDD94072" authority="Baer & Kosztarab, 1985" authorityName="Baer & Kosztarab" authorityYear="1985" box="[459,590,1773,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimarum">K. rimarum</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCEFFE13B60EBF0FCE04073" author="Baer" box="[606,887,1772,1797]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Baer, R. G. & Kosztarab, M. (1985) Studies on the morphology and systematics of scale insects-No. 12. II. A morphological and systematic study of the first and second instars of the family Kermesidae in the Nearctic region (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and University Research Division, 85, 119 - 261." type="journal article" year="1985">Baer & Kosztarab, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The second-instar female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE13D8EEBF1FA804072" box="[1200,1303,1773,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13D8EEBF1FA804072" box="[1200,1303,1773,1796]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from these Nearctic species in the number of quinquelocular pores on the venter: two on head; one medial to each coxa, and two on each abdominal segment II–VII on venter (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE13BC5EA29FC1E403B" box="[763,905,1844,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cockerelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13BC5EA29FC1E403B" box="[763,905,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">K. cockerelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has18; four to six; four;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE13DA0EA29FAD2403B" box="[1182,1349,1844,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinnulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13DA0EA29FAD2403B" box="[1182,1349,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">K. concinnulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has 30; six; six, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCEFFE1381AEA45FE304006" box="[292,423,1881,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE1381AEA45FE304006" box="[292,423,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">K. rimarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has 14; two to three; four respectively).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCEFFE139F9EA60FD2140CF" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE139F9EA60FE3840E3" bold="true" box="[199,431,1916,1941]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">First-instar nymph</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFCEFFE138FAEA60FD8B40E2" box="[452,540,1916,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1446,1468]" captionText="FIGURE 12. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, first-instar nymph." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13B0BEA60FCBA40E3" bold="true" box="[565,813,1916,1941]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">General appearance</emphasis>
|
||
. Body oval, tapering posteriorly,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCEFFE13D83EA60FACF40E2" box="[1213,1368,1916,1941]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="0.51" valueMax="0.52" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.52 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCEFFE139A9EABCFEAD40CE" box="[151,314,1952,1976]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="0.22" valueMax="0.23" valueMin="0.21">0.21–0.23 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Dorsum and venter orange.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCEFFE239F9EAD8FBCF47A3" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="30.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE139F9EAD8FE3C40AB" bold="true" box="[199,427,1988,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Mounted specimen</emphasis>
|
||
. Body oval,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCEFFE13B7CEAD8FD4E40AA" box="[578,729,1988,2013]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="0.525" valueMax="0.55" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.55 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCEFFE13A1AEAD8FC2C40AA" box="[804,955,1988,2013]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="0.225" valueMax="0.25" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCEFFE13D34EAD8FABE40AB" bold="true" box="[1034,1321,1988,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Margin. Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
short and spinose, each about 5 Μm long, in a single row of 6–10 on each side, not including anal lobe setae, extending from about prothorax to anal lobes, with anterior-most pair distinctly longest, 7–8 Μm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFCDFFE239A9E8BAFC8742CA" box="[151,784,1446,1468]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCDFFE239A9E8BAFC8742CA" blockId="30.[151,784,1446,1468]" box="[151,784,1446,1468]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCDFFE239A9E8BAFE8842CA" bold="true" box="[151,287,1446,1468]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCDFFE2381BE8BBFDDE42CA" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,585,1446,1468]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCDFFE2381BE8BBFE2E42CA" box="[293,441,1447,1468]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Kermes greeni</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, first-instar nymph.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCDFFE239F9E8FFFE6341A2" blockId="30.[151,1436,1507,2036]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCDFFE239F9E8FFFEB9428A" bold="true" box="[199,302,1507,1532]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Dorsum.</emphasis>
|
||
Derm membranous, with inter-segmental lines.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCDFFE23A62E8FFFC0B428A" bold="true" box="[860,924,1507,1532]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
of 2
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFCDFFE23AE1E8F8FB89428A" box="[991,1054,1508,1532]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) spatulate setae, each 7–8 Μm long and 4–5 Μm wide, in submarginal and submedian rows: submarginal rows with 18–20 on each side, extending along entire margin, plus 1 slightly larger seta on each anal lobe, 9–10 Μm long and 4–5 Μm wide; and each submedian row with 6 or 7 setae extending from head to abdominal segment I inclusive; and (ii) setose setae in submedian rows on abdominal segments II–VII, each 2–3 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCDFFE23A9EEB6FFB1B41FA" bold="true" box="[928,1164,1651,1676]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Microtubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
with a circular opening about 1 Μm diameter, inner ductule about 1 Μm long and outer ductule 0.5 Μm long; with about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCDFFE23DEFEB84FA9C41C6" box="[1233,1291,1687,1712]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="in" value="24.0">24 in</quantity>
|
||
submarginal longitudinal rows on abdomen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCDFFE339F9EBC3FF6B4586" blockId="30.[151,1436,1507,2036]" lastBlockId="31.[151,1437,151,1977]" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCDFFE239F9EBC3FECC418E" bold="true" box="[199,347,1759,1784]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
each 10–12 Μm wide, close to margin.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCDFFE23A27EBC3FC1B418E" bold="true" box="[793,908,1759,1784]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
6 segmented, length 100–105 Μm; segment III longest; scape and pedicel each with 2 setose setae; segment III with 1 setose seta; IV with 1 fleshy seta; V with 1 fleshy seta and 1 setose seta, and apical segment with 2 fleshy setae and 6 setose setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCDFFE23D9BEA3BFB4A4036" bold="true" box="[1189,1245,1831,1856]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed; measurements (in Μm) of metathoracic leg: coxa 17–20; trochanter + femur 57–70; tibia 28–35; tarsus 45–50 and claw 15–20; total length 175–192 Μm; trochanter with 2 oval sensory pores on each side; tarsal digitules 27–31 Μm long, knobbed apically; claw digitules knobbed apically, each 20–23 Μm long, extending slightly beyond apex of claw; each claw with a denticle.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCDFFE23B3FEAABFDE840A6" bold="true" box="[513,639,1975,2000]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
73–76 Μm long, 63–75 Μm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCDFFE23AC7EAABFBCF40A6" bold="true" box="[1017,1112,1975,2000]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 77– 80 Μm long, 40–50 Μm wide; basal segment with 2 pairs of setae, each 7–8 Μm long; median segment with 1 pair each 8–10 Μm long, and apical segment with 4 pairs, each 11–18 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33D1FED8BFB1947C6" bold="true" box="[1057,1166,151,176]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 2 or 3 Μm wide, each crescent-shaped sclerosis 11–13 Μm long; each with loculate pores anterolaterally: prothoracic spiracle with 2 pores, 1 quinquelocular and other with 6 loculi, both 3–4 Μm diameter; and each mesothoracic spiracle with 1 quinquelocular pore, 3–4 Μm diameter. Also with 2 slightly larger quinquelocular pores just anterior to tentorium, each 5–6 Μm wide, and 1 pore medially to each coxa, 4–5 Μm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33C1DEC3BFF484613" bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Trilocular pores,</emphasis>
|
||
each 4–5 Μm wide, present submedially on abdominal segments III–V.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33D0EEC50FB474613" bold="true" box="[1072,1232,332,357]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFCCFFE33C0DEC51FAE54613" box="[1331,1394,333,357]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) spatulate setae: 2 setae on anterior apex of body, similar to those on dorsum but smaller, each 3–6 Μm long, 2–3 Μm wide; and (ii) setose setae: with 3 pairs medially between antennae and tentorium, each 15-20 Μm long; 1 seta medial to each coxa, 12–15 Μm long,; and in medial, submedial and submarginal lines on abdominal segments II– VII, 1 seta per line per segment; each medial and submedial seta 5–8 Μm long, and each submarginal setae, 2–3 Μm long. Also a pair anterior to anal ring 10–12 Μm long, plus a pair posterior to anal ring, each 20–23 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE339A9EF38FEC2454B" bold="true" box="[151,341,548,573]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Bilocular pores,</emphasis>
|
||
oval, each 3 Μm long, 2 Μm wide, with 1 pore between margin and each spiracle.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33C3DEF38FA0B454B" bold="true" box="[1283,1436,548,573]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each about 1 Μm long, arranged in 2–4 transverse rows medially and submedially on each abdominal segment.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE339A9EF70FE9E45F3" bold="true" box="[151,265,620,645]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
ventral, diameter 18–20 Μm, composed of 2 semi-circles, each half with 4 or 5 pores and 3 spinose setae 12–15 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE3386FEF93FE5945DE" bold="true" box="[337,462,655,680]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
slightly developed; each lobe with 4 setae: a spatulate seta dorsally 9–10 Μm long and 4–5 Μm wide, and apical margin with 2 thick setae, each 8–12 Μm long, plus and 1 long, setose apical seta 130–175 Μm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCCFFE339F9EFE0FBB4449A" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE339F9EFE0FED84463" bold="true" box="[199,335,764,789]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33864EFE1FD964462" box="[346,513,765,788]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33864EFE1FD964462" box="[346,513,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Kermes greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from post-reproductive females by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE33D68EFE0FAD54462" author="Bodenheimer" box="[1110,1346,764,789]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Bodenheimer, F. S. (1931) Zur Kenntnis de palaartkischen Kermes-arten (Rhy. Cocc.). Konowia, 10 (4) 241 - 247." type="journal article" year="1931">Bodenheimer (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33CBCEFE1FEA7444E" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palestiniensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33CBCEFE1FEA7444E" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. palestiniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described based on first-instar nymphs from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFCCFFE33A84EE03FC6F444E" box="[954,1016,799,824]" name="Israel" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE33D07EE03FAA6444E" author="Balachowsky" box="[1081,1329,799,824]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Balachowsky, A. S. (1953) Sur les Kermes Boitard (Hom: Coccoidea) des Chenes du Bassin Oriental de la Mediterranee. France. Revue de Pathologie Vegetale et d'Entomologie Agricole de France, 32, 181 - 189." type="journal article" year="1953">Balachowsky (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33C78EE3DFEA7442B" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palestiniensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33C78EE3DFEA7442B" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Kermes palestiniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was recently synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33BF9EE59FC4B442B" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[711,988,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33BF9EE59FCA2442A" box="[711,821,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE33ACCEE58FB61442A" author="Spodek" box="[1010,1270,836,861]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Spodek, M., Ben-Dov, Y. & Protasov, A. (2012 a) Taxonomy of Kermes greeni Bodenheimer (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Kermesidae) with a new synonymy. Zootaxa, 3545, 67 - 75." type="journal article" year="2012" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Spodek
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33D69EE59FB00442B" box="[1111,1175,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2012a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The present redescription includes several features not described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE33A73EE7BFBD544F6" author="Balachowsky" box="[845,1090,871,896]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Balachowsky, A. S. (1953) Sur les Kermes Boitard (Hom: Coccoidea) des Chenes du Bassin Oriental de la Mediterranee. France. Revue de Pathologie Vegetale et d'Entomologie Agricole de France, 32, 181 - 189." type="journal article" year="1953">Balachowsky (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, i.e. presence of: (i) dorsal microtubular ducts; (ii) setae located dorso-medially on abdominal segments; (iii) a six-loculate pore associated with each metathoracic spiracle; (iv) a claw denticle; (v) bilocular pores submarginally level with each spiracle, and (vi) anal ring open at both posterior and anterior ends (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE33A15EEC8FB80449A" author="Spodek" box="[811,1047,980,1005]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Spodek, M., Ben-Dov, Y. & Protasov, A. (2012 a) Taxonomy of Kermes greeni Bodenheimer (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Kermesidae) with a new synonymy. Zootaxa, 3545, 67 - 75." type="journal article" year="2012" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Spodek
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33AB9EEC9FC2E449B" box="[903,953,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2012a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31141C5FFCCFFDD39ECEEE5FC0F46DB" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCCFFE339ECEEE5FDBA427A" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE339ECEEE5FEEF4366" ID-CoL="3R65J" box="[210,376,1017,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE339ECEEE5FEEF4366" box="[210,376,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Kermes greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has spatulate marginal and dorsal setae as on the first-instar nymphs of the Palaearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33CBCEEE5FE7F4342" ID-CoL="6NL5M" authority="Leonardi, 1920" authorityName="Leonardi" authorityYear="1920" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bacciformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33CBCEEE5FE8C4343" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. bacciformis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE33812E900FE774342" author="Leonardi" box="[300,480,1052,1077]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Leonardi, G. (1920) Monografia delle cocciniglie Italiane. Della Torre, Portici, 555 pp." type="book" year="1920">Leonardi, 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE338C8E901FCF24342" ID-CoL="3R662" authority="Kuwana, 1931" authorityName="Kuwana" authorityYear="1931" box="[502,869,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mutsurensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE338C8E901FD084342" box="[502,671,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. mutsurensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE33B8FE900FCCB4342" author="Kuwana" box="[689,860,1052,1076]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Kuwana, S. I. (1931) The genus Kermes of Japan. Scientific Bulletin (Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Japan), 2, 15 - 29." type="journal article" year="1931">Kuwana, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33A4DE901FB4B4342" ID-CoL="3R664" authority="Kuwana, 1931" authorityName="Kuwana" authorityYear="1931" box="[883,1244,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nakagawae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33A4DE901FB814343" box="[883,1046,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. nakagawae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE33D16E900FB454342" author="Kuwana" box="[1064,1234,1052,1076]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Kuwana, S. I. (1931) The genus Kermes of Japan. Scientific Bulletin (Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Japan), 2, 15 - 29." type="journal article" year="1931">Kuwana, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33DD4E901FE81432E" ID-CoL="3R666" authority="Hu, 1986" authorityName="Hu" authorityYear="1986" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigronotatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33DD4E901FA0C4342" box="[1258,1435,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. nigronotatus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE339A1E95CFE98432E" author="Hu" box="[159,271,1087,1112]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Hu, X. (1986) Studies on gall-like scale insects, with descriptions of three new species from Shandong, China (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Kermesidae). Entomotaxonomia, 8, 291 - 316. [in Chinese, English abstract]" type="journal article" year="1986">Hu, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE3381AE95DFD1B432E" ID-CoL="3R66F" authority="Liu & Shi, 1997" authorityName="Liu & Shi" authorityYear="1997" box="[292,652,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE3381AE95DFE25432E" box="[292,434,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE338FDE923FD12432E" author="Liu" box="[451,645,1087,1112]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Liu, Y. J., Liu, Y. S., Shi, Y. L. & Cui, J. (1997) A morphological study of Nidularia japonica Kuwana (Homoptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae). Entomological Journal of East China, 6 (1), 15 - 19. [in Chinese, English abstract]" type="journal article" year="1997">Liu & Shi, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33BA5E95DFC75432E" ID-CoL="3R66V" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[667,994,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33BA5E95DFC82432E" box="[667,789,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. quercus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE33A18E923FC4E432E" author="Linnaeus" box="[806,985,1087,1112]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae, per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. (1 - 4). Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 824 pp. [in Latin]" type="book chapter" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33AD1E95DFAB2432E" ID-CoL="3R67G" authority="Hu, 1986" authorityName="Hu" authorityYear="1986" box="[1007,1317,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taishanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33AD1E95DFB0A432E" box="[1007,1181,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. taishanensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE33D90E95CFA8A432E" author="Hu" box="[1198,1309,1087,1112]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Hu, X. (1986) Studies on gall-like scale insects, with descriptions of three new species from Shandong, China (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Kermesidae). Entomotaxonomia, 8, 291 - 316. [in Chinese, English abstract]" type="journal article" year="1986">Hu, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33C0DE95DFEC7430A" ID-CoL="3R67P" authority="Kuwana, 1931" authorityName="Kuwana" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vastus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33C0DE95DFA0C432E" box="[1331,1435,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. vastus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE339A0E978FED0430A" author="Kuwana" box="[158,327,1124,1148]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Kuwana, S. I. (1931) The genus Kermes of Japan. Scientific Bulletin (Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Japan), 2, 15 - 29." type="journal article" year="1931">Kuwana, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33862E979FD26430B" ID-CoL="3R67S" authority="Borchsenius, 1960" authorityName="Borchsenius" authorityYear="1960" box="[348,689,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33862E979FE51430B" box="[348,454,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. viridis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE338EBE978FD3E430B" author="Borchsenius" box="[469,681,1124,1149]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Borchsenius, N. S. (1960) Fauna of USSR, Homoptera, Kermococcidae, Asterolecaniidae, Lecanidodiaspididae, Aclerdidae. Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Zoologicheskii institut (Series), Leningrad, 282 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1960">Borchsenius, 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33BD4E979FBD5430A" ID-CoL="3R67V" authority="Sternlicht, 1970" authorityName="Sternlicht" authorityYear="1970" box="[746,1090,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="williamsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33BD4E979FCE5430B" box="[746,882,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. williamsi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE33ABFE978FBAD430A" author="Sternlicht" box="[897,1082,1124,1149]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1970) A new species of Kermes Boitard (Coccoidea, Kermesidae) from England on oak. Entomologist's Gazette, 23, 259 - 266." type="journal article" year="1970">Sternlicht, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Of the species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFCCFFE33C0BE978FAE1430B" box="[1333,1398,1124,1149]" name="Israel" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33CBCE979FE9D43D6" ID-CoL="3R67B" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33CBCE979FE9D43D6" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has spatulate setae, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33B55E995FD4143D6" ID-CoL="3R65J" box="[619,726,1161,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33B55E995FD4143D6" box="[619,726,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished by the presence of two loculate pores associated with each prothoracic spiracle, one quinquelocular and the other with six loculi, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33C39E9B1FA0C43B3" ID-CoL="3R67B" box="[1287,1435,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33C39E9B1FA0C43B3" box="[1287,1435,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
only has one quinquelocular pore. In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33B8DE9CDFC8C439E" ID-CoL="3R65J" box="[691,795,1233,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33B8DE9CDFC8C439E" box="[691,795,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has two longitudinal rows of dorsal microtubular ducts whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE339C4E9E9FE11427B" ID-CoL="3R67B" box="[250,390,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE339C4E9E9FE11427B" box="[250,390,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has four rows.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCCFFE339F9E80BFEA3415B" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
The first-instar nymph of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33B28E805FD0D4246" ID-CoL="3R66V" box="[534,666,1305,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33B28E805FD0D4246" box="[534,666,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE33B8AE80BFC084246" author="Balachowsky" box="[692,927,1303,1328]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Balachowsky, A. S. (1950) Les Kermes (Hom, Coccoidea) des chenes en Europe et dans le basin Mediterranean. Proceedings of the International Congress of Entomology, 8, 739 - 754." type="journal article" year="1950">Balachowsky, 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE33A88E80BFB014246" author="Borchsenius" box="[950,1174,1303,1328]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Borchsenius, N. S. (1960) Fauna of USSR, Homoptera, Kermococcidae, Asterolecaniidae, Lecanidodiaspididae, Aclerdidae. Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Zoologicheskii institut (Series), Leningrad, 282 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1960">Borchsenius, 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE33D93E80BFAE64246" author="Podsiadlo" box="[1197,1393,1303,1328]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Podsiadlo, E. (2005) Morphology of the first instar nymph of Kermes quercus (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Coccinea: Kermesidae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 74, 47 - 52. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2478 / v 10200 - 011 - 0061 - 9" type="journal article" year="2005">Podsiadlo, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), a Mediterranean and European species not present in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFCCFFE33BC7E820FCAD4223" box="[761,826,1340,1365]" name="Israel" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
, has similar morphological traits to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33DD9E821FAC54222" ID-CoL="3R65J" box="[1255,1362,1341,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33DD9E821FAC54222" box="[1255,1362,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both species possess dorsal spatulate setae (termed tubercle-like setae by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFCCFFE33AA1E843FBCD420E" author="Podsiadlo" box="[927,1114,1375,1400]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Podsiadlo, E. (2005) Morphology of the first instar nymph of Kermes quercus (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Coccinea: Kermesidae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 74, 47 - 52. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2478 / v 10200 - 011 - 0061 - 9" type="journal article" year="2005">Podsiadlo, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, there are several differences (characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE338F5E899FDDE42EA" ID-CoL="3R66V" box="[459,585,1413,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE338F5E899FDDE42EA" box="[459,585,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in brackets): (i) absence of spinose setae dorsally on head, thorax and abdomen (present); (ii) trilocular pores present ventrally on abdomen segments (no pores); (iii) two pores associated with each prothoracic spiracle, one with five loculi and one with six-loculi (also has two pores, but one with either three, four or five-loculi and the other with seven-loculi) and (iv) quinquelocular pores on venter of head (absent).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCCFFE339F9EB2BFF4741EE" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE339F9EB2BFED94126" bold="true" box="[199,334,1591,1616]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Adult male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFCCFFE33861EB2BFE234126" box="[351,436,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1305,1327]" captionText="FIGURE 13. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, adult male." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFCCFFE338FCEB2BFD834126" box="[450,532,1591,1616]" captionStart="PLATE 2" captionStartId="25.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[208,1384,198,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[202,1385,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="PLATE 2. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. gravid female; e. post-reproductive female with crawlers; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285775/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Plate 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. h).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFCCFFE33B46EB24FD004126" box="[632,663,1592,1616]" name="American Samoa" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFCCFFE33BF4EB25FCC04126" ID-CoL="3R64Z" box="[714,855,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33BF4EB25FCC04126" box="[714,855,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
except for:
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33ADAEB2BFB484126" bold="true" box="[996,1247,1591,1616]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">General appearance.</emphasis>
|
||
Newly emerged males orange, body
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCCFFE338BFEB40FD9C4102" box="[385,523,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; wing
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCCFFE33BA5EB40FCB24102" box="[667,805,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCCFFE33A4FEB40FC6C4102" box="[881,1019,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; caudal filaments 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCCFFE33C7BEB40FA0B4102" box="[1349,1436,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCCFFE339F9EBB8FB1B41CA" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1977]" box="[199,1164,1700,1725]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE339F9EBB8FE2741CB" bold="true" box="[199,432,1700,1725]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Total length
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCCFFE33B7AEBB8FD5C41CA" box="[580,715,1700,1725]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, width at mesothorax
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFCCFFE33AC3EBB8FB1041CA" box="[1021,1159,1700,1725]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFCCFFE339F9EBDBFACB40CF" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE339F9EBDBFE9A4196" bold="true" box="[199,269,1735,1760]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Length 225–250 µm; width across genae 225–250 µm. Dorsal (dse) and ventral simple eyes (vse) each 35–40 µm diameter; lateral simple eyes (lse) smaller, each 20–30 µm diameter; ocellus 15–20 µm diameter. Dorsal head setae (dhs) in rows of 8–10 hs setae. Ventral head setae (vhs) in a row totalling 8–12 hs.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFCCFFE33DEFEA13FADA405E" bold="true" box="[1233,1357,1807,1832]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Antennae:</emphasis>
|
||
length 745–780 µm (ratio of total body length to antennal length about 2:1). Scape (scp) 50–60 µm long, 45–50 µm wide, with 2 or 3 hs. Pedicel (ped) 55–65 µm long, 35–45 µm wide, with 4–6 hs. Flagellar segments III–X each 45–160 µm long, 20–25 µm wide, segment III longest, with segments becoming shorter towards apex; approximate number of setae per segment: III–VIII: 8–15 fs;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFCCFFE33B68EABDFD1F40CE" box="[598,648,1953,1976]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">IX 7</date>
|
||
or 8 fs + 1 ab;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFCCFFE33A0DEABDFCCB40CE" box="[819,860,1953,1976]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">X 7</date>
|
||
or 8 fs + 4 ab + 4 cs, each cs 50–55 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFF3FFDC39A9E805FD534259" box="[151,708,1305,1327]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF3FFDC39A9E805FD534259" blockId="32.[151,708,1305,1327]" box="[151,708,1305,1327]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF3FFDC39A9E805FE884259" bold="true" box="[151,287,1305,1327]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF3FFDC381BE806FDDE4259" ID-CoL="3R65J" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,585,1305,1327]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF3FFDC381BE806FE2E4259" box="[293,441,1306,1327]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Kermes greeni</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, adult male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF3FFDC39F9E84AFBC142E0" blockId="32.[151,1436,1366,2020]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF3FFDC39F9E84AFE244219" bold="true" box="[199,435,1366,1391]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Thorax. Prothorax:</emphasis>
|
||
as for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF3FFDC3B3AE84BFD054219" ID-CoL="3R64Z" box="[516,658,1366,1391]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF3FFDC3B3AE84BFD054219" box="[516,658,1366,1391]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but sternum (stn1) with faint radial striations and 1 hs prosternal setae (stn1s) on each side. Anteprosternal (astn1s) and antemesospiracular setae (am2s) absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF3FFDC39F9E8B8FB3B41EB" blockId="32.[151,1436,1366,2020]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF3FFDC39F9E8B8FEC842CB" bold="true" box="[199,351,1444,1469]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Mesothorax:</emphasis>
|
||
prescutum (prsc) 60–65 µm long, 150–165 µm wide. Scutum (sct): membranous area medially quadrate, 70–75 µm long; scutum with 2 hs on each side lateral to membranous area, each 12–15 µm long. Prealare (pra) and triangular plate (tp) present. Scutellum (scl) 68–100 µm long, 150–165 µm wide; with 1 pair hs, each 12– 15 µm long. Basisternum (stn2) 158–175 µm long, 230–270 µm wide; basisternal setae absent. Tegula (teg) with 3 hair-like tegular setae (tegs).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF3FFDC38C4EB2AFD074139" bold="true" box="[506,656,1590,1615]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Metathorax:</emphasis>
|
||
Metathoracic spiracles (sp3): peritreme 30–35 µm wide; without loculate pores. Metasternum (stn3) with a total of 20–25 hs setae: 7–10 anterior metasternal setae (amss); 10 or 11 posterior metasternal setae (pmss) and 3 or 4 postmetaspiracular (eps3s), each 20–30 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF3FFDC39F9EBB4FD9E4092" blockId="32.[151,1436,1366,2020]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF3FFDC39F9EBB4FE8C41B7" bold="true" box="[199,283,1704,1729]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Wings:</emphasis>
|
||
1100–1200 µm long, 450–500 µm wide (ratio of length to width 1:0.4; ratio of total body length to wing length 1:0.9); Hamulohalteres (h) 15–20 µm wide, 100–110 µm long: hamulus 30–45 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF3FFDC3C65EBD0FA0B4193" bold="true" box="[1371,1436,1740,1765]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Legs:</emphasis>
|
||
metathoracic legs longest, 724–847 µm long; prothoracic and mesothoracic legs 665–763 µm long. Coxa: I: 75–80; II: 75–80; III: 80–100 µm long, with 8–12. Trochanter:
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF3FFDC3A31EA09FCAB405B" box="[783,828,1812,1837]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1945-01">I 45</date>
|
||
–50;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF3FFDC3A4AEA09FC3C405B" box="[884,939,1812,1837]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1940-02">II 40</date>
|
||
–53;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF3FFDC3ADDEA09FBB6405B" box="[995,1057,1812,1837]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1950-03">III 50</date>
|
||
–55 µm long, with 4 or 5 hs; each trochanter with 3 oval sensory pores in a triangle on each side. Femur: I 200–250; II 185–200; III 200–220 µm long, with 20–25 hs. Tibia: I 240–260; II 250–260; III 250–265 µm long, with 32–38 hs; all tibia with 2 apical spurs (tibs) 20–25 µm long. Tarsi 2-segmented; tarsus 2 (tar2):
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF3FFDC3A5CEA9DFC0640EF" box="[866,913,1920,1945]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1970-01">I 70</date>
|
||
–75;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF3FFDC3AF7EA9DFB9640EF" box="[969,1025,1920,1945]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1975-02">II 75</date>
|
||
–80;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF3FFDC3D04EA9DFBED40EF" box="[1082,1146,1920,1945]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1975-03">III 75</date>
|
||
–85 µm long, with 13–15 hs; tarsal digitules (tdgt) about 35 µm long. Claw (cl):
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF3FFDC3A37EAB4FCF340B6" box="[777,868,1959,1984]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1925-01-28">I 25–28</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF3FFDC3A4FEAB4FC4240B6" box="[881,981,1959,1984]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1925-02-26">II 25–26</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF3FFDC3ADCEAB4FBDA40B6" box="[994,1101,1959,1984]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1925-03-30">III 25–30</date>
|
||
µm long, with denticle; claw digitules (cdt) about 20 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF2FFDD39F9ED8BFC0F46DB" blockId="33.[151,1436,151,789]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD39F9ED8BFED447C6" bold="true" box="[199,323,151,176]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Tergites and pleural areas unsclerotized; sternites (as) I–VII lightly sclerotized, segment VIII strongly sclerotized. Abdominal dorsal setae (ads) (totals): segments I–VII: 2 hs, 10 µm long; VIII: 6 hs, 40 µm long; pleural setae: dorsopleural setae (adps) (on each side): I–VII: 3 hs, 20–25 µm long, VIII: 3 hs: one 75–80 µm long and two 25–30 µm long; ventropleural setae (avps) (on each side) IV–VII: 1 hs, 15 µm long; abdominal ventral setae (avs) (totals) II–IV: 10–16 hs, V–VIII: 6–8 hs, 20–25 µm long. Glandular pouch setae (gls) 142–150 µm long; each pouch with 8–10 pores, each 3 µm diameter with 3–5 loculi.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD3AC0EC50FB5C4613" bold="true" box="[1022,1227,332,357]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Genital segment:</emphasis>
|
||
penial sheath (ps) 160–180 µm long, greatest width 90–110 µm. Basal rod (bra) 40–50 µm long. Aedeagus (aed) 100–125 µm long. Genital capsule with 8 hs (gts), on venter; setae absent from dorsum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31141C5FFF2FFD839F9ECABFEAF403B" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF2FFDD39F9ECABFB40454A" blockId="33.[151,1436,151,789]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD39F9ECABFED846A6" bold="true" box="[199,335,439,464]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The adult male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF2FFDD3B14ECA5FD0546A6" box="[554,658,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD3B14ECA5FD0546A6" box="[554,658,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF2FFDD3AF6ECA5FBDF46A6" box="[968,1096,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD3AF6ECA5FBDF46A6" box="[968,1096,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF2FFDD3DBFECA5FA8146A6" box="[1153,1302,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD3DBFECA5FA8146A6" box="[1153,1302,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but can be distinguished by the presence of four dorsopleural setae on abdominal segment I (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF2FFDD3D7DECC1FB4E4683" box="[1091,1241,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD3D7DECC1FB4E4683" box="[1091,1241,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has eight and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF2FFDD3CBCECC1FF63456E" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD3CBCECC1FF63456E" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has one). These three species and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF2FFDD3BA2EF1DFCC0456E" box="[668,855,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD3BA2EF1DFCC0456E" box="[668,855,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have metasternal setae whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF2FFDD3DE3EF1DFAF8456E" box="[1245,1391,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD3DE3EF1DFAF8456E" box="[1245,1391,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF2FFDD3CBCEF1DFEB3454B" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD3CBCEF1DFEB3454B" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the Nearctic species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF2FFDD3B77EF39FC59454A" authority="Miller & Miller, 1993" authorityName="Miller & Miller" authorityYear="1993" box="[585,974,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Eriokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gillettei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD3B77EF39FD2A454B" box="[585,701,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">E. gillettei</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFF2FFDD3BF2EF38FC52454A" author="Miller" box="[716,965,548,573]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Miller, D. R. & Miller, G. L. (1993) Description of a new genus of scale insect with a discussion of relationships among families related to the Kermesidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Systematic Entomology, 18 (3), 237 - 251. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1993. tb 00664. x" type="journal article" year="1993">Miller & Miller, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, lack metasternal setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF2FFDD39F9EF5BFC3145DE" blockId="33.[151,1436,151,789]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD39F9EF5BFD904516" bold="true" box="[199,519,583,608]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fourth-instar male (pupa)</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFF2FFDD3B27EF5BFDF84516" box="[537,623,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1978,2000]" captionText="FIGURE 14. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, pupa." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFF2FFDD3B43EF5BFD584516" box="[637,719,583,608]" captionStart="PLATE 2" captionStartId="25.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[208,1384,198,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[202,1385,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="PLATE 2. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. gravid female; e. post-reproductive female with crawlers; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285775/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Plate 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. g). Develops within a white, flocculent (wooly) wax test secreted by second-instar male; very similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF2FFDD3BC4EF71FC1045F3" box="[762,903,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD3BC4EF71FC1045F3" box="[762,903,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but differing as follows.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD3D9DEF70FA0B45F3" bold="true" box="[1187,1436,620,645]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">General appearance.</emphasis>
|
||
Body 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF2FFDD3833EF93FEF645D1" box="[269,353,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF2FFDD3896EF93FDB845D1" box="[424,559,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; dorsum and venter orange.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF2FFDD39F9EFA8FA1045BB" blockId="33.[151,1436,151,789]" box="[199,1415,692,717]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD39F9EFA8FE2745BB" bold="true" box="[199,432,692,717]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF2FFDD38C5EFA8FD1545BA" box="[507,642,692,717]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF2FFDD3BF6EFA8FCD845BA" box="[712,847,692,717]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; head, 225–235 µm long, 425–450 µm wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF2FFDD39F9EFCBFD464462" blockId="33.[151,1436,151,789]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD39F9EFCBFE514586" bold="true" box="[199,454,727,752]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Margin. Wing-buds:</emphasis>
|
||
fore-wings 500–550 µm long, 175–185 µm wide; hind-wings: length ratio to mesothoracic wings 1:10.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD3883EFE0FE6A4463" bold="true" box="[445,509,764,789]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
as on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF2FFDD3B7BEFE1FD5E4463" box="[581,713,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD3B7BEFE1FD5E4463" box="[581,713,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">K echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFF2FFDD39A9EAA6FD1C40A6" box="[151,651,1978,2000]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF2FFDD39A9EAA6FD1C40A6" blockId="33.[151,651,1978,2000]" box="[151,651,1978,2000]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD39A9EAA6FE8840A6" bold="true" box="[151,287,1978,2000]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF2FFDD381BEAA7FDDE40A6" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,585,1978,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF2FFDD381BEAA7FE2E40A6" box="[293,441,1979,2000]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Kermes greeni</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pupa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF1FFDE39F9ED8BFE88466B" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE39F9ED8BFE7F47C6" bold="true" box="[199,488,151,176]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Dorsum. Ocular sclerite</emphasis>
|
||
50–60 µm long, 150–185 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE3AB4ED8BFC5D47C6" bold="true" box="[906,970,151,176]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
fine and blunt, in two rows of 6 on head apex and also in submedial longitudinal rows.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE3B98EDA0FCB347A3" bold="true" box="[678,804,188,213]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
with 1 setose seta on apical tip of each lobe, 55–95 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE39E8EDC3FE2E478E" bold="true" box="[214,441,223,248]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Median penial lobe</emphasis>
|
||
triangular, each 90–95 Μm long, 100–105 Μm wide; with 3 pairs of setose setae, each 15– 20 Μm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF1FFDE39F9EC3BFDEA46B9" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE39F9EC3BFE464636" bold="true" box="[199,465,295,320]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Venter. Ocular sclerite</emphasis>
|
||
as on dorsum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE3B44EC3BFD7A4636" bold="true" box="[634,749,295,320]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
length 525–650 µm, 45–55 µm wide; with 4 or 5 fleshy setae on apical segment, each about 5 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE3BBDEC50FD6E4613" bold="true" box="[643,761,332,357]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Spiracles:</emphasis>
|
||
each peritreme 20–35 µm long and 15–20 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE3C5AEC50FA0B4613" bold="true" box="[1380,1436,332,357]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
measurements (in Μm) of metathoracic leg; coxa 75–90, trochanter + femur 150–1950, tibia 135–160, tarsus 60– 110; total length 465–505 Μm.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE38C2EC88FD3546DB" bold="true" box="[508,674,404,429]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Ventral setae:</emphasis>
|
||
4 pairs of inter-antennal setae; abdominal setae arranged as on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF1FFDE3CBCEC89FE9546A6" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE3CBCEC89FE9546A6" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE382EECABFE3546A6" bold="true" box="[272,418,439,464]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Microspines</emphasis>
|
||
as on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF1FFDE38D4ECA5FDE146A6" box="[490,630,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE38D4ECA5FDE146A6" box="[490,630,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF1FFDE39F9ECC0FD3145F3" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE39F9ECC0FEDF4683" bold="true" box="[199,328,476,501]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
. The pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF1FFDE38D1ECC1FDCF4682" box="[495,600,477,500]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE38D1ECC1FDCF4682" box="[495,600,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is orange in life, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF1FFDE3A4CECC1FB964683" box="[882,1025,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE3A4CECC1FB964683" box="[882,1025,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF1FFDE3D02ECC1FB7A4683" box="[1084,1261,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE3D02ECC1FB7A4683" box="[1084,1261,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are red and
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE3CBCECC1FE2D456E" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF1FFDE3CBCECC1FEB9456E" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">N. balachowskii</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF1FFDE3805EF1DFE2D456E" box="[315,442,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">K. nahalali</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF1FFDE38CAEF1DFD1D456E" box="[500,650,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE38CAEF1DFD1D456E" box="[500,650,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are greyish-brown. The pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF1FFDE3D3BEF1DFBF9456E" box="[1029,1134,513,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE3D3BEF1DFBF9456E" box="[1029,1134,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lack quinquelocular pores anterior to each spiracle as also found on Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF1FFDE3BEAEF38FBB1454B" authority="Hamon et al., 1976" authorityName="Hamon et al." authorityYear="1976" box="[724,1062,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Allokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kingii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE3BEAEF38FCA4454B" box="[724,819,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">A. kingii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFF1FFDE3A7CEF38FB89454B" author="Hamon" box="[834,1054,548,573]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Hamon, A. B., Lambdin, P. L. & Kosztarab, M. (1976) Life history and morphology of Kermes kingii in Virginia (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Kermesidae). Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Research Division, 111, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1976">
|
||
Hamon
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE3AA0EF39FC47454B" box="[926,976,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1976
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF1FFDE3D60EF39FF4D4516" authority="Miller & Miller, 1993" authorityName="Miller & Miller" authorityYear="1993" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Eriokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gillettei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE3D60EF39FB44454B" box="[1118,1235,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">E. gillettei</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFF1FFDE3DDDEF38FF454516" author="Miller" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Miller, D. R. & Miller, G. L. (1993) Description of a new genus of scale insect with a discussion of relationships among families related to the Kermesidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Systematic Entomology, 18 (3), 237 - 251. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1993. tb 00664. x" type="journal article" year="1993">Miller & Miller, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but their colour in life has not been recorded. Both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF1FFDE3A14EF55FC054516" box="[810,914,585,608]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE3A14EF55FC054516" box="[810,914,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF1FFDE3AF4EF55FBC94516" box="[970,1118,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE3AF4EF55FBC94516" box="[970,1118,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have sclerotized anal lobes, while the other pupae have membranous lobes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF1FFDE39F9EF93FBD945BB" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE39F9EF93FD8945DE" bold="true" box="[199,542,655,680]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Third-instar male (prepupa)</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFF1FFDE3B10EF93FD1545DE" box="[558,642,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionText="FIGURE 15. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, prepupa." pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFF1FFDE3BB1EF93FD4845DE" box="[655,735,655,680]" captionStart="PLATE 2" captionStartId="25.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[208,1384,198,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[202,1385,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="PLATE 2. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. gravid female; e. post-reproductive female with crawlers; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285775/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Plate 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. f).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFF1FFDE3A03EF8CFCCB45DE" box="[829,860,656,680]" name="American Samoa" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF1FFDE3AB3EF8DFB8345DE" box="[909,1044,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE3AB3EF8DFB8345DE" box="[909,1044,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">K echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
apart from:
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE3D9CEF93FA0B45DE" bold="true" box="[1186,1436,655,680]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">General appearance.</emphasis>
|
||
Body broadly oval,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF1FFDE384BEFA8FD9D45BA" box="[373,522,692,717]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2349999999999999" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.97" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="1.2349999999999999" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.97">0.97–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF1FFDE3B6FEFA8FD4F45BA" box="[593,728,692,716]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; dorsum and venter orange.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF1FFDE39F9EFCBFCC14599" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,824]" box="[199,854,727,752]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE39F9EFCBFE274586" bold="true" box="[199,432,727,752]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF1FFDE3B13EFC4FD154599" box="[557,642,728,752]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF1FFDE3BF6EFC4FCC54599" box="[712,850,728,752]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF1FFDE39F9EFE0FD3B444E" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE39F9EFE0FDB74463" bold="true" box="[199,544,764,789]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Margin. Anterior wing-buds</emphasis>
|
||
each 300–450 µm long, 100–150 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE3D1FEFE0FBF64463" bold="true" box="[1057,1121,764,789]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
fine and blunt, in marginal and submarginal rows with 14–20 on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFF1FFDE39A9EA82FD3B40C2" box="[151,684,1950,1972]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF1FFDE39A9EA82FD3B40C2" blockId="34.[151,684,1950,1972]" box="[151,684,1950,1972]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE39A9EA82FE8840C2" bold="true" box="[151,287,1950,1972]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF1FFDE381BEA83FDDE40C2" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,585,1950,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF1FFDE381BEA83FE2E40C2" box="[293,441,1951,1972]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Kermes greeni</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, prepupa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF0FFDF39F9ED8BFA87478E" blockId="35.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF39F9ED8BFEEF47C6" bold="true" box="[199,376,151,176]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Dorsum. Setae</emphasis>
|
||
fine and blunt, with 4 pairs on head apex; submedial rows as on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF3D45ED85FA9D47C6" box="[1147,1290,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3D45ED85FA9D47C6" box="[1147,1290,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3C22ED8BFA0C47C6" bold="true" box="[1308,1435,151,176]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
rounded and slightly sclerotized; each with 2 setose setae on apex, one seta 60–75 Μm long and other 13–15 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF39E8EDC3FE2C478E" bold="true" box="[214,443,223,248]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Median penial lobe</emphasis>
|
||
60–65 Μm long, 110–115 Μm wide, with 8 setose setae, each 5–10 Μm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF0FFDF39F9EC18FB9346F1" blockId="35.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF39F9EC18FE02466B" bold="true" box="[199,405,260,285]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Venter. Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
7 or 8 segmented, 250–270 µm long, 65–80 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3AC1EC18FBE2466B" bold="true" box="[1023,1141,260,285]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Spiracles:</emphasis>
|
||
each peritreme 18–20 µm long, 10–15 µm wide, with sclerosis 20–25 µm long; without quinquelocular pores.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3D6AEC3BFB024636" bold="true" box="[1108,1173,295,320]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Legs:</emphasis>
|
||
length of metathoracic leg, 225–250 Μm long, 53–60 Μm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3B66EC50FD644613" bold="true" box="[600,755,332,357]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
fine and blunt, 10–20 Μm long, with 4 pairs between scapes; abdominal setae arranged as on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF38C3EC6DFD1E46FE" box="[509,649,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF38C3EC6DFD1E46FE" box="[509,649,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3BA9EC73FCBE46FE" bold="true" box="[663,809,367,392]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Microspines</emphasis>
|
||
as on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF3A4FEC6DFC6A46FE" box="[881,1021,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3A4FEC6DFC6A46FE" box="[881,1021,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF0FFDF39F9EC88FAAE454A" blockId="35.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF39F9EC88FED846DB" bold="true" box="[199,335,404,429]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The prepupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF3B35EC89FDE546DA" box="[523,626,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3B35EC89FDE546DA" box="[523,626,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is orange in life, unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF3AB9EC89FB8346DB" box="[903,1044,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3AB9EC89FB8346DB" box="[903,1044,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF3D72EC89FB6D46DB" box="[1100,1274,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3D72EC89FB6D46DB" box="[1100,1274,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which are red and
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF39F6ECA5FD9846A6" box="[200,527,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF39F6ECA5FE1646A6" box="[200,385,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">N. balachowskii</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF38B1ECA5FD9846A6" box="[399,527,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">K. nahalali</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF3B75ECA5FD7646A6" box="[587,737,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3B75ECA5FD7646A6" box="[587,737,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which are greyish-brown. The colour of the two Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF3CBAECA4FE4F4683" authority="Hamon et al., 1976" authorityName="Hamon et al." authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Allokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kingii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3CBAECA4FF404683" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A. kingii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFF0FFDF39D7ECC0FE584683" author="Hamon" box="[233,463,476,501]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Hamon, A. B., Lambdin, P. L. & Kosztarab, M. (1976) Life history and morphology of Kermes kingii in Virginia (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Kermesidae). Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Research Division, 111, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1976">
|
||
Hamon
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3876ECC1FEE94683" box="[328,382,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1976
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF3B28ECC1FC3A4682" authority="Miller & Miller, 1993" authorityName="Miller & Miller" authorityYear="1993" box="[534,941,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Eriokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gillettei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3B28ECC1FD184683" box="[534,655,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">E. gillettei</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFF0FFDF3B9CECC0FC324682" author="Miller" box="[674,933,476,501]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Miller, D. R. & Miller, G. L. (1993) Description of a new genus of scale insect with a discussion of relationships among families related to the Kermesidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Systematic Entomology, 18 (3), 237 - 251. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1993. tb 00664. x" type="journal article" year="1993">Miller & Miller, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have not been recorded. Like those of
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3CBCECC1FD9C456E" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF3CBCECC1FF60456E" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">K. nahalali</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF383AEF1DFE0A456E" box="[260,413,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">K. spatulatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF3894EF1CFD9C456E" box="[426,523,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Allokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kingii">A. kingii</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3B7BEF1DFD55456E" box="[581,706,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF3B7BEF1DFD29456E" box="[581,702,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Eriokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gillettei">E. gillettei</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the prepupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF3A45EF1DFC74456E" box="[891,995,513,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3A45EF1DFC74456E" box="[891,995,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks quinquelocular pores anterior to each spiracle, whereas one or two pores are present on
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3BC1EF39FBD0454B" box="[767,1095,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF3BC1EF39FC19454B" box="[767,910,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">K. echinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF3AA7EF39FBD0454B" box="[921,1095,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">K. hermonensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF3D40EF39FAA5454B" box="[1150,1330,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3D40EF39FAA5454B" box="[1150,1330,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF0FFDF39F9EF5BFBF245D1" blockId="35.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF39F9EF5BFE394516" bold="true" box="[199,430,583,608]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Second-instar male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFF0FFDF3883EF5BFD864516" box="[445,529,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1996,2018]" captionText="FIGURE 16. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, second-instar male." pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFF0FFDF3B20EF5BFDF94516" box="[542,622,583,608]" captionStart="PLATE 2" captionStartId="25.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[208,1384,198,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[202,1385,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="PLATE 2. Kermes greeni Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. gravid female; e. post-reproductive female with crawlers; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285775/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Plate 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. e).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF3BF3EF5BFC504516" bold="true" box="[717,967,583,608]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">General appearance.</emphasis>
|
||
Secretes a white, flocculent (wooly) wax test,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF0FFDF39F2EF70FEC345F2" box="[204,340,620,645]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF0FFDF38A2EF70FDB345F2" box="[412,548,620,645]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="0.7" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.6">0.6–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Body orange, broadly oval when removed from test,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF0FFDF3DF8EF70FACB45F2" box="[1222,1372,620,645]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.125" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="1.125" valueMax="1.45" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1.45 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF0FFDF39A9EF8CFE8945D1" box="[151,286,656,680]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; derm membranous with inter-segmental lines on dorsum and venter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFF0FFDF39A9EAD0FC8E4094" box="[151,793,1996,2019]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF0FFDF39A9EAD0FC8E4094" blockId="35.[151,793,1996,2019]" box="[151,793,1996,2019]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF39A9EAD0FE884094" bold="true" box="[151,287,1996,2018]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF0FFDF381BEAD2FDDE4094" authority="Bodenheimer" authorityName="Bodenheimer" box="[293,585,1996,2019]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF0FFDF381BEAD2FE2E4095" box="[293,441,1998,2019]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Kermes greeni</emphasis>
|
||
Bodenheimer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, second-instar male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF7FFD839F9ED8BFC4547C6" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,1581]" box="[199,978,151,176]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD839F9ED8BFE2747C6" bold="true" box="[199,432,151,176]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF7FFD83B07ED8BFD5747D9" box="[569,704,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF7FFD83A38ED8BFC1A47D9" box="[774,909,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="0.7" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF7FFD839F9EDA0FA0247A3" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,1581]" box="[199,1429,188,213]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD839F9EDA0FE7647A3" bold="true" box="[199,481,188,213]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Margin. Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
robust and setose, each 50 µm long, in a single complete row of 24–30 on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF7FFD839F9EDC3FD624613" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,1581]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD839F9EDC3FDBE478E" bold="true" box="[199,553,223,248]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Dorsum. Microtubular ducts,</emphasis>
|
||
each with a circular opening about 2 Μm diameter, inner ductule about 1 Μm long and outer ductule 0.5 Μm long, numerous, scattered between tubular ducts over entire dorsum, less abundant than tubular ducts.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD8384AEC3BFD884636" bold="true" box="[372,543,295,320]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFF7FFD83B77EC34FD164636" box="[585,641,296,320]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2, with inner ductule 8–15 µm long, inner cup 5 µm wide and outer ductule 10–15 µm long, abundant throughout dorsum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF7FFD839F9EC73FADC43D6" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,1581]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD839F9EC73FECB46FE" bold="true" box="[199,348,367,392]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 20 µm diameter.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83BF0EC73FCD646FE" bold="true" box="[718,833,367,392]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
7 segmented; total length 150–175 µm; segment III longest; scape and pedicel each with 2 setose setae; segment III without setae; IV with 1 fleshy seta; V with 1 fleshy seta and 1 setose seta; VI with 1 fleshy seta and 1 setose seta and apical segment with 3 fleshy setae and 4 setose setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83816ECC0FE514683" bold="true" box="[296,454,476,501]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Frontal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83B1DECC0FDCC4683" bold="true" box="[547,603,476,501]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed; measurements (in Μm) of metathoracic legs: coxa 35–50; trochanter + femur 88–100; tibia 50–60; tarsus 75–90 and claw 20–30; total leg length 230–315 Μm; trochanter with 2 oval sensory pores on each side; tarsal digitules 25–30 Μm long, knobbed apically; claw digitules knobbed apically, each 20–25 Μm long, extending beyond apex of claw; each claw with a single denticle.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83DE3EF5BFACC4516" bold="true" box="[1245,1371,583,608]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
105– 115 µm long, 88–100 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD838C2EF70FDCC45F3" bold="true" box="[508,603,620,645]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 75–100 µm long and 55–65 µm wide; labial setae all setose, as follows: basal segment with 2 pairs about 15 µm long, median segment with 1 pair 13–20 µm long and apical segment with 4 pairs, each 15–22 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83A39EFA8FCE345BB" bold="true" box="[775,884,692,717]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 10–13 Μm wide and each sclerosis 25–35 µm long; each spiracle with 4 or 5 quinquelocular pores anterolaterally, each 5 µm diameter.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD8383BEFE0FE3A4463" bold="true" box="[261,429,764,789]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFF7FFD838EFEFE1FD9F4463" box="[465,520,765,789]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2, with outer ductule 5–15 Μm long, a sclerotized cup about 5 Μm in diameter and inner ductule 10–15 Μm long, dispersed in a complete submarginal band 1 or 2 ducts wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83DDFEE03FA0B444E" bold="true" box="[1249,1436,799,824]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Bilocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 2 µm diameter; with 10–12 pores in a single complete submarginal band.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83DB0EE58FA0B442B" bold="true" box="[1166,1436,836,861]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Quinquelocular pores,</emphasis>
|
||
each 5 µm, with 2 pairs among setae anterior to tentorium; and 4 pores in a line across each abdominal segment.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD839A9EE90FEA544D3" bold="true" box="[151,306,908,933]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFF7FFD838B9EE91FE5144D3" box="[391,454,909,933]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) setose setae: with 5 pairs medially just anterior to tentorium, each 60–88 µm long; 2 medial to each coxa, each 25–38 µm long; also a pair medially on abdominal segments II–VII, each about 60 µm long, plus submedial rows of shorter setae, each about 35 µm long; and (ii) tack-like setae, each 10 µm long, in a submarginal row of 10–15 setae extending from antennae to anal ring, and with a pair anterior to anal ring.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD839A9E900FEB84343" bold="true" box="[151,303,1052,1077]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each about 3 µm long, arranged in groups of
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF7FFD83A11E900FCE14343" box="[815,886,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" metricValueMax="1.27" metricValueMin="0.762" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="in" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 in</quantity>
|
||
4–8 transverse rows on each abdominal segment and on thorax.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD8387CE923FE21432E" bold="true" box="[322,438,1087,1112]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
ventral, total diameter 33–40 µm, composed of 2 semi-circles, each half with 3 spinose setae 40–50 µm long, and 8–12 pores.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83B6CE978FD46430B" bold="true" box="[594,721,1124,1149]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
well developed; each inner margin with 2 spinose setae 15–25 µm long; plus 2 flagellate setae on apex, a shorter seta 50–70 µm long, and a longer seta 100–200 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF7FFD839F9E9B0FDCC415A" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,1581]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD839F9E9B0FED843B3" bold="true" box="[199,335,1196,1221]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Of the species described in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFF7FFD83BB5E9B0FD5B43B3" box="[651,716,1196,1221]" name="Israel" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the second-instar male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD83AC7E9B1FBC843B2" box="[1017,1119,1197,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83AC7E9B1FBC843B2" box="[1017,1119,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
most closely resembles that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD8398BE9CDFEA4439E" box="[181,307,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD8398BE9CDFEA4439E" box="[181,307,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because of the presence of distinct anal lobes and spinose marginal setae. The other species in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFF7FFD83C63E9D3FA0C439E" box="[1373,1435,1231,1256]" name="Israel" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
and two from the Palaearctic (i.e.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83B1EE9E9FCE2427B" box="[544,885,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD83B1EE9E9FD26427B" box="[544,689,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">K. echinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD83B80E9E9FCE6427B" box="[702,881,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">K. hermonensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD83A41E9E9FB59427A" authority="(Podsiadlo, 2012)" authorityName="Podsiadlo" authorityYear="2012" baseAuthorityName="Podsiadlo" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[895,1230,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83A41E9E9FC6D427A" box="[895,1018,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">K. quercus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFF7FFD83D34E9E8FB51427A" author="Podsiadlo" box="[1034,1222,1268,1293]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refString="Podsiadlo, E. (2012) Morphology of second instar nymphs of Kermes quercus (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Kermesidae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 81, 35 - 42. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2478 / v 10200 - 011 - 0061 - 9" type="journal article" year="2012">Podsiadlo, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83DE2E9E9FF634246" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD83DE2E9E9FAE3427B" box="[1244,1396,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">K. spatulatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD83CBCE9E9FF634246" authority="Pellizzari et al., 2012" authorityName="Pellizzari et al." authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">K. vermilio</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFF7FFD83832E80BFD8E4246" author="Pellizzari" box="[268,537,1303,1328]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refString="Pellizzari, G., Porcelli, F., Convertini, S. & Marotta, S. (2012) Description of nymphal instars and adult female of Kermes vermilio Planchon (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae), with a synopsis of the European and Mediterranean species. Zootaxa, 3336, 36 - 50." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Pellizzari
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD838B9E805FE564246" box="[391,449,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD83B57E805FCB14246" box="[617,806,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83B57E805FCB14246" box="[617,806,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) appear to lack anal lobes.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD83DB1E805FAAD4246" box="[1167,1338,1305,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83DB1E805FAAD4246" box="[1167,1338,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Kermes greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished also from the other species in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFF7FFD83BBEE820FD294223" box="[640,702,1340,1365]" name="Israel" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
by the presence of quinquelocular pores in four longitudinal lines ventrally on abdominal segments;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD83B25E87DFD3F420E" box="[539,680,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83B25E87DFD3F420E" box="[539,680,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks abdominal pores,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD83A84E87DFBAE420E" box="[954,1081,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83A84E87DFBAE420E" box="[954,1081,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD83D4FE87DFAB1420E" box="[1137,1318,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83D4FE87DFAB1420E" box="[1137,1318,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have only two lines, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD8387FE899FE4042EB" box="[321,471,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD8387FE899FE4042EB" box="[321,471,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has six lines.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD83B40E899FCFD42EB" box="[638,874,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83B40E899FCFD42EB" box="[638,874,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Kermes hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has four lines of pores, similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD83C0CE899FA0C42EA" box="[1330,1435,1413,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83C0CE899FA0C42EA" box="[1330,1435,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
however the marginal setae are conical in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD83B4AE8B5FCB442B6" box="[628,803,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83B4AE8B5FCB442B6" box="[628,803,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and robust setose in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD83D2DE8B5FBEC42B6" box="[1043,1147,1449,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83D2DE8B5FBEC42B6" box="[1043,1147,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The second-instar males of the Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD8386EE8D1FE764293" box="[336,481,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cockerelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD8386EE8D1FE764293" box="[336,481,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">K. cockerelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD838CAE8D1FD084293" box="[500,671,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinnulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD838CAE8D1FD084293" box="[500,671,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">K. concinnulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD83BE0E8D1FCF34292" box="[734,868,1485,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83BE0E8D1FCF34292" box="[734,868,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">K. rimarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also have robust setose marginal setae but have quinquelocular pores scattered on both the dorsum and venter (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFF7FFD83A52E8ECFB1F417E" author="Baer" box="[876,1160,1519,1544]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refString="Baer, R. G. & Kosztarab, M. (1985) Studies on the morphology and systematics of scale insects-No. 12. II. A morphological and systematic study of the first and second instars of the family Kermesidae in the Nearctic region (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and University Research Division, 85, 119 - 261." type="journal article" year="1985">Baer & Kosztarab, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD83C3AE8EDFAFA417E" box="[1284,1389,1521,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83C3AE8EDFAFA417E" box="[1284,1389,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has quinquelocular pores only on the venter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF7FFD839A9EB9CFE6541CB" blockId="36.[151,726,1663,1725]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD839A9EB9CFD5841EE" bold="true" box="[151,719,1663,1688]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD839A9EB9CFDE041EE" authority="Spodek & Ben-Dov" authorityName="Spodek & Ben-Dov" box="[151,631,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD839A9EB9CFE1E41EE" bold="true" box="[151,393,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Kermes hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
Spodek & Ben-Dov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C7327FFF7FFD83B43EB63FD5841EE" box="[637,719,1663,1688]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFF7FFD839A1EBB8FEB041CA" box="[159,295,1700,1725]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 17" captionStart-1="FIGURE 18" captionStart-2="FIGURE 19" captionStart-3="FIGURE 20" captionStart-4="FIGURE 21" captionStart-5="FIGURE 22" captionStart-6="FIGURE 23" captionStart-7="FIGURE 24" captionStartId-0="37.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionStartId-1="39.[151,250,1734,1756]" captionStartId-2="41.[151,250,1693,1715]" captionStartId-3="42.[151,250,1933,1955]" captionStartId-4="44.[151,250,1349,1371]" captionStartId-5="45.[151,250,1710,1732]" captionStartId-6="46.[151,250,1626,1648]" captionStartId-7="47.[151,250,1997,2019]" captionText-0="FIGURE 17. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, adult female." captionText-1="FIGURE 18. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, third-instar female." captionText-2="FIGURE 19. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, second-instar female." captionText-3="FIGURE 20. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, first-instar nymph." captionText-4="FIGURE 21. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, adult male." captionText-5="FIGURE 22. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, pupa." captionText-6="FIGURE 23. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, prepupa." captionText-7="FIGURE 24. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, second-instar male." pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs. 17–24</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFF7FFD8380DEBB8FE1641CA" box="[307,385,1700,1725]" captionStart="PLATE 3" captionStartId="48.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1386,198,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[200,1386,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="PLATE 3. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. gravid female; e. female with eggs; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male, dorsal view; j. adult male, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285776/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Plate 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, figs. a–j)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF7FFD839A9EBF0FEAF403B" blockId="36.[151,1436,1772,2013]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFF7FFD839F7EBF1FF6E4073" box="[201,249,1773,1797]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series of this species is restricted to material collected from Mt. Hermon,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFF7FFD83D09EBF0FBEF4073" box="[1079,1144,1772,1797]" name="Israel" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
, off
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83D95EBF1FAD04073" box="[1195,1351,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF7FFD83D95EBF1FA9E4072" box="[1195,1289,1773,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
|
||
look.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD839F9EA13FED9405E" bold="true" box="[199,334,1807,1832]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species epithet is derived from Mount Hermon Nature Reserve from where this species was first collected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31141C5FFF7FFDA39F9EA4BFC1042E5" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF7FFD939F9EA4BFE9645F2" blockId="36.[151,1436,1772,2013]" lastBlockId="37.[151,1436,151,645]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD839F9EA4BFD554006" bold="true" box="[199,706,1879,1904]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Material examined.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFF7FFD83889EA4BFE654006" box="[439,498,1879,1904]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material studied.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Most
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFF7FFD83A34EA44FCAD4006" box="[778,826,1880,1904]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material is deposited in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFF7FFD83D72EA44FB1F4006" box="[1100,1160,1880,1904]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1jyc-x7t4" name="The Volcani Center" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">ICVI</collectionCode>
|
||
, with 1
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFF7FFD83DDFEA44FAD54006" box="[1249,1346,1880,1904]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
adult ♀ and 1 slide of first-instar nymphs (non-type) at
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFF7FFD83BEAEA61FCBC40E2" box="[724,811,1917,1940]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFF7FFD83A05EA61FC0640E2" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[827,913,1917,1940]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A8A8BFFF7FFD83AECEA60FBB440E2" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[978,1059,1916,1940]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
depositories.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFF7FFD83DF7EA60FAA140E3" box="[1225,1334,1916,1941]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD83DF7EA60FAA140E3" bold="true" box="[1225,1334,1916,1941]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
adult ♀
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF7FFD839A9EABCFE9840CF" box="[151,271,1952,1977]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="2012-06-20">20.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(C:5180:5).
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFF7FFD8389BEABCFD8A40CF" box="[421,541,1952,1977]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF7FFD8389BEABCFD8A40CF" bold="true" box="[421,541,1952,1977]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Paratypes</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFF7FFD83B19EABCFD1240CF" box="[551,645,1952,1977]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="adult">30 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF7FFD83B8BEABCFCBA40CF" box="[693,813,1952,1977]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="2012-06-20">20.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(C:5180/2 on each slide/15 slides), 13 third-instar ♀,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF7FFD839A9EAD8FE9240AA" box="[151,261,1988,2012]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="2012-05-24">24.v.2012</date>
|
||
(C:5309/2 slides), 34 third-instar ♀,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF7FFD83B92EAD8FC8E40AA" box="[684,793,1988,2012]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="2013-05-20">20.v.2013</date>
|
||
(C:5310/3 slides), 20 second-instar ♀ (C:5307/2 slides), 3 second-instar ♀,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93851ED84FE4747C6" box="[367,464,152,176]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2013-05-02">2.v.2013</date>
|
||
(C:5308/1 slide), 11 second-instar ♂,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93ABAED84FC6547C6" box="[900,1010,152,176]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2013-05-20">20.v.2013</date>
|
||
(C:5311/2 slides), 6 second-instar ♂,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD939A9EDA0FE9847A3" box="[151,271,188,213]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2012-06-20">20.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(C:5312/1 slide); 14 prepupae,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93BBCEDA0FD6647A2" box="[642,753,188,212]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2013-05-20">20.v.2013</date>
|
||
(C:5313/2 slides);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFF6FFD93AEEEDA0FBAB47A2" box="[976,1084,188,212]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="pupa">10 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93D74EDA0FB2F47A3" box="[1098,1208,188,213]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2013-05-26">26.v.2013</date>
|
||
(C:5314/1 slide);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFF6FFD93CB0EDA0FF58478E" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="adult">3 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♂,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD9383CEDC3FEED478E" box="[258,378,223,248]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2012-06-20">20.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(C:5315/3 slides); 13 first-instars,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93A27EDC3FC08478E" box="[793,927,223,248]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2011-08-21">21.viii.2011</date>
|
||
(C:5305/1 slide), 32 first-instars,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93C0DEDC3FA0B478E" box="[1331,1436,223,248]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2012-11-04">4.xi.2012</date>
|
||
(C:5306/2 slides).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF6FFD93852EC18FD1E466B" bold="true" box="[364,649,260,285]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Other material studied.</emphasis>
|
||
All non-type material collected off
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF6FFD93D12EC19FB16466B" box="[1068,1153,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Q. look</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFF6FFD93D94EC18FB7F466B" box="[1194,1256,260,285]" name="Israel" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
by M. Spodek, unless otherwise indicated. Mt. Hermon Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93A18EC3BFC094636" box="[806,926,295,320]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2012-06-20">20.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(C:5107/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFF6FFD93D37EC3BFBFF4636" box="[1033,1128,295,320]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="adult">44 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93DA1EC3BFA804636" box="[1183,1303,295,320]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2012-06-20">20.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:712/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFF6FFD93CB1EC34FF584613" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="adult">7 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀, MC:744/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFF6FFD9385FEC50FE384613" box="[353,431,332,357]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="adult">4 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD938DBEC50FDD94613" box="[485,590,332,357]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2012-11-04">4.xi.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:755/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFF6FFD93BF4EC50FC834613" box="[714,788,332,357]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♀); Mt. Hermon Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93DA2EC50FA9D4612" box="[1180,1290,332,356]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2012-05-24">24.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:681/11 third-instar ♀); Mt. Hermon Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93BAEEC6CFD6746FE" box="[656,752,368,392]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2012-05-07">7.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:664/11 second-instar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93D73EC6CFB2B46FE" box="[1101,1212,368,392]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2012-05-24">24.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:682/2 secondinstar ♀),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93832EC88FE1346DB" box="[268,388,404,429]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2012-06-20">20.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:742/4 second-instar ♀, MC:743/4 second-instar ♀); Mezar,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF6FFD93D4AEC89FAB546DB" box="[1140,1314,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Q. ithaburensis</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93C0CEC88FA0B46DB" box="[1330,1436,404,429]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2012-11-04">4.xi.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:756/27 first-instars),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93881ECA4FDBA46A6" box="[447,557,440,464]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2012-05-24">24.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:680/8 first-instars),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93A70ECABFC5146A6" box="[846,966,439,464]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2012-06-20">20.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:713/23 first-instars, MC:741/5 firstinstars); Mt. Hermon Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93B68ECC0FD524682" box="[598,709,476,500]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2013-05-29">29.v.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:830/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFF6FFD93A00ECC0FC194683" box="[830,910,476,501]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="adult">7 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
♂); Mt. Hermon Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93C1AECC0FA0B4683" box="[1316,1436,476,501]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2012-06-20">20.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:836/
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DD9C7FFF6FFD9383BECE3FEFE456E" box="[261,361,511,536]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="pupa">2 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
); Mt. Hermon Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93BD2EF1CFCCC456E" box="[748,859,512,536]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2013-05-20">20.v.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:874/14 prepupae); Mezar,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF6FFD93DDCEF1CFA02456E" box="[1250,1429,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Q. ithaburensis</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD939A9EF38FE87454B" box="[151,272,548,573]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2013-03-10">10.iii.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:821/2 second-instar ♂); Mt. Hermon Nature Reserve,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93AE0EF38FBA9454A" box="[990,1086,548,572]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2012-05-07">7.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:665/1 second-instar ♂),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD939A9EF54FE924516" box="[151,261,584,608]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2012-05-24">24.v.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:681/4 second-instar ♂),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93B57EF5BFD764516" box="[617,737,583,608]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2012-06-20">20.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(MC:742/10 second-instar ♂),
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF6FFD93D6CEF54FB244516" box="[1106,1203,584,608]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2013-05-02">2.v.2013</date>
|
||
(MC:865/8 secondinstar ♂).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFF6FFD939A9EA6EFCCE40FE" box="[151,857,1906,1928]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF6FFD939A9EA6EFCCE40FE" blockId="37.[151,857,1906,1928]" box="[151,857,1906,1928]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF6FFD939A9EA6EFE8840FE" bold="true" box="[151,287,1906,1928]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF6FFD9381BEA6FFD5D40FE" authority="Spodek & Ben-Dov" authorityName="Spodek & Ben-Dov" box="[293,714,1906,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF6FFD9381BEA6FFE6E40FE" box="[293,505,1906,1928]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Kermes hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
Spodek & Ben-Dov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, adult female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF6FFDA39F9EAB3FE8F478E" blockId="37.[151,1436,1967,2028]" lastBlockId="38.[151,1436,151,2035]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF6FFD939F9EAB3FEF240BE" bold="true" box="[199,357,1967,1992]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Adult female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFF6FFD93848EAB3FE5B40B1" box="[374,460,1967,1992]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1906,1928]" captionText="FIGURE 17. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, adult female." pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF6FFD938DDEAB3FBC340BE" bold="true" box="[483,1108,1967,1992]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">General appearance. Pre-reproductive adult female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFF6FFD93D58EAB3FB2E40B1" box="[1126,1209,1967,1992]" captionStart="PLATE 3" captionStartId="48.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1386,198,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[200,1386,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="PLATE 3. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. gravid female; e. female with eggs; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male, dorsal view; j. adult male, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285776/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Plate 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. c). Body oval,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF6FFD939A9EACFFE88409D" box="[151,287,2003,2028]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="2.85" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 2.0–3.0 mm wide; dorsum and venter red with a thick layer of wax covering dorsum; body soft and slightly convex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA38BDED8BFC0047C6" bold="true" box="[387,919,151,176]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Gravid female and post-reproductive female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFF5FFDA3A99ED8BFC6F47C6" box="[935,1016,151,176]" captionStart="PLATE 3" captionStartId="48.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1386,198,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[200,1386,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="PLATE 3. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. gravid female; e. female with eggs; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male, dorsal view; j. adult male, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285776/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Plate 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. f). Body highly convex, 3.0–5.0 mm long, 3.0–5.0 mm wide, 3.2–5.0 mm high; with a thick layer of white wax enclosing entire body; body not sclerotized.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF5FFDA39F9EC1FFBDF466A" blockId="38.[151,1436,151,2035]" box="[199,1096,259,284]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA39F9EC1FFDB0466A" bold="true" box="[199,551,259,284]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Mounted young adult female.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval, 2.0–3.0 mm long, 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF5FFDA3A90EC1FFB94466D" box="[942,1027,259,283]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF5FFDA39F9EC3AFE1C46F1" blockId="38.[151,1436,151,2035]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA39F9EC3AFE754649" bold="true" box="[199,482,294,319]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Margin. Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
conical, each 10–13 µm long, 10–11 µm wide at base, arranged in a single complete row of 27–33 on each side.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA38F2EC56FD6C4615" bold="true" box="[460,763,330,355]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Dorsal submarginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
spinose, each 7–9 µm long, in a complete single line of 27– 33 setae on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF5FFDA39F9EC8EFABD4560" blockId="38.[151,1436,151,2035]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA39F9EC8EFEED46DD" bold="true" box="[199,378,402,427]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Dorsum. Setae</emphasis>
|
||
conical, each 10–13 µm long and 7–10 wide at base, similar in shape to marginal setae, randomly distributed on dorsum, total 14–22 setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3BD0ECA9FC3046B8" bold="true" box="[750,935,437,462]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Bilocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
oval, each 3 µm long, 2 µm wide, present throughout dorsum; more abundant than tubular ducts.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3A2AECC5FC284684" bold="true" box="[788,959,473,498]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFF5FFDA3AD4ECC6FBB54684" box="[1002,1058,474,498]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2, with outer ductule 12–17 µm long, inner ductule 10–15 µm long and with a sclerotized cup 8 µm diameter, sparse throughout dorsum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF5FFDA39F9EF3DFC1042E5" blockId="38.[151,1436,151,2035]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA39F9EF3DFEF6454C" bold="true" box="[199,353,545,570]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 20 µm diameter, anterolateral to each scape.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3D7EEF3DFBEF454C" bold="true" box="[1088,1144,545,570]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
reduced to 3 segments, sometimes appearing to be 1 or 2 segmented; 80–140 µm long; claw 18–23 µm long, usually with a denticle but this not always visible; tarsal digitules 20–25 µm long; claw digitules absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3D7AEF74FB2045F7" bold="true" box="[1092,1207,616,641]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
3 to 6 segmented, segments III–V often appearing fused; total length 75–100 µm, scape and pedicel each with 2 setose setae; segment III with 1 setose seta; IV with 1 fleshy seta; V with 1 fleshy seta and 1 setose seta; apical segment with 4 setose setae and 2 fleshy setae; each scape surrounded by a group of 40–45 multilocular pores, each pore 7–8 µm diameter with 10 loculi.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3878EFEBFE534466" bold="true" box="[326,452,759,784]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
250–275 µm long, 220–250 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3AB7EFEBFC7F4466" bold="true" box="[905,1000,759,784]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 170–180 µm long, 120–135 µm wide; labial setae as follows: all setae setose, basal segment with 2 pairs 8–10 µm long; medial segment with 1 pair 15–20 µm long; apical segment with 4 pairs 10–15 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3D0FEE22FB094421" bold="true" box="[1073,1182,830,855]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size; each peritreme 75–90 µm long, 55–60 µm wide, each sclerosis 60–65 µm long; loculate pores with 3, 7 and 10 loculi, each 8 µm wide, in a group of 55–67 surrounding each spiracle.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3A5FEE9AFB9F44E9" bold="true" box="[865,1032,902,927]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFF5FFDA3D12EE9BFBF344E9" box="[1068,1124,903,927]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2, with outer ductule 10–16 µm long, inner cup 4 or 5 µm wide and inner ductule 11–15 µm long, present in a single, dense submarginal band 15–20 ducts wide and also sparsely throughout rest of venter.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3A5FEED1FBB74490" bold="true" box="[865,1056,973,998]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Bilocular pores,</emphasis>
|
||
each 3 µm long and 2 µm wide, sparse, interspersed between tubular ducts in submarginal band.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3A42EEEDFBCA437C" bold="true" box="[892,1117,1009,1034]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Multilocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
, each 10 µm diameter with 10–12 loculi, arranged in 2–4 transverse rows of 114–120 pores on each abdominal segment; also with a group of 52–56 pores just posterior to vulva.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3B15E925FC824324" bold="true" box="[555,789,1081,1106]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Microtubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
with circular opening about 4 Μm diameter, inner ductule about 1 Μm long and outer ductule 0.5 Μm long, interspersed between multilocular pores on abdominal segments; total pores on each segment 110–150.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3B74E99CFD7143EF" bold="true" box="[586,742,1152,1177]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFF5FFDA3A7EE99DFCE843EF" box="[832,895,1153,1177]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) setose setae: 4 pairs of setae just anterior to tentorium, each 35–50 µm long; about 10 setae in a line from antennae to anal ring mesad to each submarginal band of tubular ducts, each 15–20 µm long; with 6–10 setae in a transverse row on each abdominal segment, each 13–30 µm long. Also with a pair just anterior to anal ring, each 10–12 µm long, and 3–4 pairs posterior to anal ring, each 10–20 µm long; and (ii) conical setae: a pair similar in shape to marginal setae and 10–12 µm long and 10 µm wide, close to posterior margin.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3B67E82FFD66423A" bold="true" box="[601,753,1331,1356]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each 1 or 2 µm long, in groups of
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF5FFDA3DBDE82FFB5C423A" box="[1155,1227,1331,1356]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" metricValueMax="1.27" metricValueMin="0.762" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="in" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 in</quantity>
|
||
3–8 rows on each abdominal segment and in rows on thorax.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3BAEE84AFC914219" bold="true" box="[656,774,1366,1391]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
ventral, forming a complete sclerotized circle 60–65 µm diameter, with 6–8 pores and 3 pairs of setae, each 50–75 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31141C5FFF5FFCD39F9E882FDE94019" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF5FFDA39F9E882FD514130" blockId="38.[151,1436,151,2035]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA39F9E882FED842C1" bold="true" box="[199,335,1438,1463]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Even though the derm of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA3B9AE883FCCD42C1" box="[676,858,1438,1463]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3B9AE883FCCD42C1" box="[676,858,1438,1463]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
produces a thick, waxy ovisac that covers its' membranous body during oviposition (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFF5FFDA3B77E8DEFD0E42AD" box="[585,665,1474,1499]" captionStart="PLATE 6" captionStartId="90.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1377,199,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@90.[200,1387,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="PLATE 6. Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female; e. male test and exuviae (arrow); f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male, dorsal view, j. adult male, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285779/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Plate 6</figureCitation>
|
||
, figs. e–f), we assign
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA3AB5E8DFFBAE42AD" box="[907,1081,1474,1499]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3AB5E8DFFBAE42AD" box="[907,1081,1474,1499]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C7327FFF5FFDA3D01E8DFFBEC42AC" box="[1087,1147,1475,1498]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
to the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA3C28E8DEFA0B42AD" box="[1302,1436,1474,1499]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Kermesidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
because its microscopic characters match other species of this family. The derm of most post-reproductive female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA39A9EB15FE8A4154" box="[151,285,1545,1570]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Kermesidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is sclerotized and lacks a waxy ovisac but two species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA3AF6EB15FBA24154" box="[968,1077,1545,1570]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3AF6EB15FBA24154" box="[968,1077,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Nidularia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA3D78EB16FB5C4157" box="[1094,1227,1546,1569]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3D78EB16FB5C4157" box="[1094,1227,1546,1569]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">N. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3C39EB16FA0B4154" box="[1287,1436,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA3C39EB16FA0F4154" box="[1287,1432,1545,1570]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulvinata">N. pulvinata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
produce a waxy ovisac posterior to female's body.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF5FFDA39F9EB4DFEDB4084" blockId="38.[151,1436,151,2035]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
Adult female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA385DEB4EFD86411C" box="[355,529,1617,1642]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA385DEB4EFD86411C" box="[355,529,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
share several traits with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA3A10EB4EFC2B411C" box="[814,956,1617,1642]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3A10EB4EFC2B411C" box="[814,956,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA3ACAEB4EFBE4411C" box="[1012,1139,1617,1642]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3ACAEB4EFBE4411C" box="[1012,1139,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(a Mediterranean species, not found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFF5FFDA3816EB68FEFB41FB" box="[296,364,1652,1677]" name="Israel" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
): (i) legs reduced or absent; (ii) same
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFF5FFDA3A2AEB69FCD341FB" box="[788,836,1653,1677]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of tubular duct on both venter and dorsum; (iii) setapore clusters absent from dorsum; (iv) anal ring ventral; (v) conical setae on both margin and dorsum; and (vi) presence of multilocular pores surrounding each scape. These species differ in the structure of the anal ring:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA3CBCEBA1FE94418E" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3CBCEBA1FE94418E" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has three pairs of setae without pores;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA3BE9EBFDFC1E418E" box="[727,905,1759,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3BE9EBFDFC1E418E" box="[727,905,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has three pairs of setae with pores, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA3CBCEBFDFF63406A" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3CBCEBFDFF63406A" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has pores without setae.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA3B32EA19FD62406A" box="[524,757,1795,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3B32EA19FD62406A" box="[524,757,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Kermes hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA3A82EA19FBD0406A" box="[956,1095,1795,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3A82EA19FBD0406A" box="[956,1095,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA3D43EA19FB6D406A" box="[1149,1274,1795,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3D43EA19FB6D406A" box="[1149,1274,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the number of antennae and leg segments:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA38D0EA34FD0C4036" box="[494,667,1831,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA38D0EA34FD0C4036" box="[494,667,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has three, four, five or six-segmented antennae and three-segmented legs, while the two other species have one-segmented antennae and no legs. Of the Nearctic species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA3CBCEA50FEB340F1" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3CBCEA50FEB340F1" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA3B52EA72FD7D40F1" box="[620,746,1902,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Allokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3B52EA72FD7D40F1" box="[620,746,1902,1927]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Allokermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. by the absence of pit or tooth-shaped pores on middorsum.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA39C6EA8EFE1340DD" box="[248,388,1938,1963]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nanokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA39C6EA8EFE1340DD" box="[248,388,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Nanokermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, also from North
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFF5FFDA3B9FEA8EFC9340DD" box="[673,772,1938,1963]" name="United States of America" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
, have two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFF5FFDA3A45EA8FFC2140DD" box="[891,950,1939,1963]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of tubular ducts while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA3D88EA88FAF440DD" box="[1206,1379,1938,1963]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA3D88EA88FAF440DD" box="[1206,1379,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
only has one
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFF5FFDA39CCEAABFEB140B9" box="[242,294,1975,1999]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA380EEAAAFE0A40B9" box="[304,413,1974,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Olliffiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA380EEAAAFE0A40B9" box="[304,413,1974,1999]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Olliffiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species have eight-shaped pores on mid-dorsum (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFF5FFDA3AF2EAAAFAB440B9" author="Bullington" box="[972,1315,1974,1999]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refString="Bullington, S. W. & Kosztarab, M. (1985) A revision of the family Kermesidae (Homoptera) in the Nearctic Region based on adult and third instar females) Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and University Research Division, 85, 1 - 118." type="journal article" year="1985">Bullington & Kosztarab, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF5FFDA39A9EAC7FED34085" box="[151,324,2010,2035]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF5FFDA39A9EAC7FED34085" box="[151,324,2010,2035]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF4FFDB39F9ED8BFBA947A3" blockId="39.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF4FFDB39F9ED8BFE2547C6" bold="true" box="[199,434,151,176]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Third-instar female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFF4FFDB38FFED8BFD8447C6" box="[449,531,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1734,1756]" captionText="FIGURE 18. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, third-instar female." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFF4FFDB3B1EED8BFDF947C6" box="[544,622,151,176]" captionStart="PLATE 3" captionStartId="48.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1386,198,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[200,1386,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="PLATE 3. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. gravid female; e. female with eggs; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male, dorsal view; j. adult male, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285776/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Plate 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. b).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF4FFDB3BF2ED8BFC5247C6" bold="true" box="[716,965,151,176]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">General appearance.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval to round, slightly convex,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF4FFDB3C55ED84FF7A47A2" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="1.55" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.3">1.3– 1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF4FFDB385BEDA0FE2D47A2" box="[357,442,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; dorsum red with tufts of white wax and venter red.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF4FFDB39F9EDC3FC45478E" blockId="39.[151,1436,151,501]" box="[199,978,223,248]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF4FFDB39F9EDC3FE27478E" bold="true" box="[199,432,223,248]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval, 1.4–2.0 mm long. 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF4FFDB3A07EDC3FC1A4781" box="[825,909,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF4FFDB39F9EC18FEE14613" blockId="39.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF4FFDB39F9EC18FE75466B" bold="true" box="[199,482,260,285]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Margin. Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
conical, each 15 µm long. 5 µm wide at the base, in a single complete line of 37–40 on each side.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF4FFDB3813EC3BFDCC4636" bold="true" box="[301,603,295,320]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Dorsal submarginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
short and spinose, each 5 µm long, 2 µm wide, in a single complete line of 20–25 on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF4FFDB39F9EC73FEFE4683" blockId="39.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF4FFDB39F9EC73FEEE46FE" bold="true" box="[199,377,367,392]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Dorsum. Setae</emphasis>
|
||
conical, each 10 µm long, 5 µm wide, distinctly narrower than marginal conical setae, in longitudinal medial and submedial rows, each row with 9–11 setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF4FFDB3AADEC88FBAC46DB" bold="true" box="[915,1083,404,429]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFF4FFDB3D5EEC89FB0F46DB" box="[1120,1176,405,429]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2, inner ductule 20–25 µm long, inner cup about 5 µm wide and outer ductule 20–25 µm long, scattered on dorsum. Bilocular pores and microducts absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFF4FFDB39A9EBDAFC0141AA" box="[151,918,1734,1756]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF4FFDB39A9EBDAFC0141AA" blockId="39.[151,918,1734,1756]" box="[151,918,1734,1756]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF4FFDB39A9EBDAFE8841AA" bold="true" box="[151,287,1734,1756]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 18.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF4FFDB381BEBDBFD5D41AA" authority="Spodek & Ben-Dov" authorityName="Spodek & Ben-Dov" box="[293,714,1734,1756]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF4FFDB381BEBDBFE6E41AA" box="[293,505,1734,1756]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Kermes hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
Spodek & Ben-Dov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, third-instar female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF4FFD439F9EA1FFE3345F3" blockId="39.[151,1436,1795,2036]" lastBlockId="40.[151,1436,151,2013]" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF4FFDB39F9EA1FFECB406A" bold="true" box="[199,348,1795,1820]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 2 µm diameter, lateral to each scape.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF4FFDB3A85EA1FFBB9406A" bold="true" box="[955,1070,1795,1820]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
95–100 µm long, segmentation indistinct, probably with six segments; scape pronounced and wide at base; scape and pedicel each with 2 setose setae; segment III with 1 setose seta; IV with 1 fleshy seta; V with 1 fleshy seta and 1 setose seta; apical segment with 4 setose setae and 4 fleshy setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF4FFDB3B6DEA73FD1740FE" bold="true" box="[595,640,1903,1928]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Leg</emphasis>
|
||
segmentation indistinct, probably reduced to 3 segments; total length 110–125 µm; tarsal digitules each 80–85 Μm long, knobbed apically, extending beyond the apex of the claw; claw distinct, 25 µm long; claw denticle not visible; claw digitules, knobbed apically, each 35–40 Μm long, shorter than tarsal digitules.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF4FFDB3872EAC7FE5D4082" bold="true" box="[332,458,2011,2036]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
175–200 µm long, 150–175 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF4FFDB3AB2EAC7FC7D4082" bold="true" box="[908,1002,2011,2036]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 160–175 µm long, 100–110 µm wide; all setae setose, as follows: basal segment with 2 pairs about 3 µm long, median segment with 1 pair about 30 µm long, and apical segment with 4 pairs, each about 15 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43D53EDA0FB4D47A3" bold="true" box="[1133,1242,188,213]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size; each peritreme 40 Μm long, 25 Μm wide; each sclerosis 38–50 µm long; each spiracle with 2 quinquelocular pores, 5 µm diameter, placed anterolaterally.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43B72EC18FD62466B" bold="true" box="[588,757,260,285]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFFBFFD43A23EC19FCC2466B" box="[797,853,261,285]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2, inner ductule 20–25 µm long, inner cup about 5 µm wide and outer ductule 20–25 µm long, arranged in a dense complete submarginal band 8–10 ducts wide; ducts also scattered over entire venter.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43B10EC50FD7B4613" bold="true" box="[558,748,332,357]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Bilocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
oval to circular, each 3 Μm wide, dispersed among the submarginal tubular ducts from head apex to anal ring.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43A30EC73FC3C46FE" bold="true" box="[782,939,367,392]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of three
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFFBFFD43D2DEC6CFBC546FE" box="[1043,1106,368,392]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) setose setae: with 2 pairs anterior to tentorium, each 13 µm long; and 6–8 setae in transverse row across each abdominal segment, each about 25 µm long; also with 2 pairs just anterior to anal ring, each 13 µm long; (ii) conical setae: with 2 pairs of short setae posterior to anal ring, each 15 µm long, 5 µm wide, plus 2 longer setae, each 95 µm long; also 2 setae on most posterior apex of body, each 10–15 µm long, 10 µm wide; and (iii) tack-like setae, each 5 µm long, with about 10 setae in a complete submarginal row.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43B72EF38FD72454B" bold="true" box="[588,741,548,573]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each 2 µm long, in groups of 1–8 present over entire body.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD439A9EF5BFE9D4516" bold="true" box="[151,266,583,608]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
ventral, circular, 50 µm diameter, with a posterior gap; each half circle with 2 or 3 pores and 3 spinose setae about 40 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFBFFD439F9EF93FDA344D3" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD439F9EF93FED845DE" bold="true" box="[199,335,655,680]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The third-instar female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFBFFD43B41EF8DFCBA45DE" box="[639,813,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43B41EF8DFCBA45DE" box="[639,813,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFBFFD43D64EF8DFB7045DE" box="[1114,1255,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43D64EF8DFB7045DE" box="[1114,1255,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFBFFD43C20EF8DFA0B45DE" box="[1310,1436,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43C20EF8DFA0B45DE" box="[1310,1436,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(a species not found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFFBFFD4389EEFA8FE7745BB" box="[416,480,692,717]" name="Israel" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
) (characters for the other
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFFBFFD43A38EFA8FCDB45BB" box="[774,844,692,717]" name="Israel" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
species,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43A8AEFA9FB3D45BB" box="[948,1194,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFBFFD43A8AEFA9FB8845BA" box="[948,1055,693,716]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">K. greeni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFBFFD43D15EFA9FB3D45BB" box="[1067,1194,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">K. nahalali</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFBFFD43DDDEFA9FAE045BB" box="[1251,1399,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43DDDEFA9FAE045BB" box="[1251,1399,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in brackets): (i) marginal setae conical (non-conical) (ii) leg segmentation reduced (legs fully developed); (iii) anal ring ventral (dorsal) and (iv) sclerotized anal lobes absent (present). The third-instar female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFBFFD43D81EFE1FAE74463" box="[1215,1392,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43D81EFE1FAE74463" box="[1215,1392,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFBFFD4384EEE3DFE6B444E" box="[368,508,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD4384EEE3DFE6B444E" box="[368,508,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having (characters for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFBFFD43A25EE3DFC3F444E" box="[795,936,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43A25EE3DFC3F444E" box="[795,936,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in brackets): five or six-segmented antennae (one-segmented); and three-segmented legs with a claw (one segmented, without a claw); it can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFBFFD439EAEE75FEC644F6" box="[212,337,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD439EAEE75FEC644F6" box="[212,337,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having (characters for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFBFFD43B50EE75FD7C44F6" box="[622,747,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43B50EE75FD7C44F6" box="[622,747,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in brackets): four-segmented antennae (three-segmented) and dorsal tubular ducts present (absent).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFBFFD439F9EEB3FC2A432E" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD439F9EEB3FE5344BE" bold="true" box="[199,452,943,968]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Second-instar female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFFBFFD438E8EEB3FDBB44BE" box="[470,556,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1693,1715]" captionText="FIGURE 19. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, second-instar female." pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFFBFFD43B05EEB3FD1B44BE" box="[571,652,943,968]" captionStart="PLATE 3" captionStartId="48.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1386,198,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[200,1386,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="PLATE 3. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. gravid female; e. female with eggs; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male, dorsal view; j. adult male, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285776/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Plate 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. a).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43BCFEEB3FC7A44BE" bold="true" box="[753,1005,943,968]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">General appearance.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval, tapering posteriorly,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFFBFFD43C55EEACFF6A449A" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.075" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1.075" valueMax="1.45" valueMin="0.7">0.7– 1.45 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFFBFFD43878EEC8FE58449A" box="[326,463,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; dorsum and venter pink to reddish; dorsal surface covered with a thin layer of wax, composed of 5 longitudinal rows of rectangular wax plates, each plate about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFFBFFD43D68EEE4FB384379" box="[1110,1199,1016,1040]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFFBFFD43DC5EEE4FAC34379" box="[1275,1364,1016,1040]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; median row with 10 plates, submedial rows with 9–11 plates, and marginal rows with 7–12 plates. Wax plates largest medially. Dorsum also covered with thin, stringy, wax filaments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFBFFD439F9E978FC77430B" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,2013]" box="[199,992,1124,1149]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD439F9E978FE27430B" bold="true" box="[199,432,1124,1149]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFFBFFD43B07E978FD59430A" box="[569,718,1124,1149]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2349999999999999" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.97" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1.2349999999999999" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.97">0.97–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 0.5–1.0 mm wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFBFFD439F9E99BFEBE43B3" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD439F9E99BFE7543D6" bold="true" box="[199,482,1159,1184]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Margin. Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
conical, each 10–15 µm long, 5 µm wide at base, in a single complete row of 30–33 on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFBFFD439F9E9D3FF6442B6" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD439F9E9D3FEB8439E" bold="true" box="[199,303,1231,1256]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Dorsum.</emphasis>
|
||
Derm membranous.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43B1AE9D3FDF3439E" bold="true" box="[548,612,1231,1256]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
conical, each about 8 µm long, about 5 µm wide at base, shorter than marginal setae, in submedial longitudinal rows, extending from cephalic apex to mid-abdomen, with 5 setae in each row.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD439EEE80BFE2B4246" bold="true" box="[208,444,1303,1328]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Microtubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
with a circular opening about 3 Μm diameter, inner ductule about 1 Μm long and outer ductule 0.5 Μm long, in 4 longitudinal rows, each submarginal row with about 7 pores, from head to level of anal ring, and each median row with about 6 pores, from level of labium to level of anal ring.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43D42E843FAB3420E" bold="true" box="[1148,1316,1375,1400]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFFBFFD43C76E87DFA17420F" box="[1352,1408,1377,1401]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2, with inner ductule 10–15 µm long, inner cup 5 µm wide and outer ductule 10–15 µm long, sparse throughout dorsum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFBFFD539F9E8D0FEEC46DA" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,2013]" lastBlockId="41.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD439F9E8D0FECC4293" bold="true" box="[199,347,1484,1509]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 15 µm wide, lateral to each scape.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43AAEE8D0FB944293" bold="true" box="[912,1027,1484,1509]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
3 to 6 segmented, several segments often appearing fused; total length 75–110 µm; scape and pedicel each with 2 setose setae, segment III with 1 setose seta, IV with 1 fleshy seta, V with 1 fleshy seta and 1 setose seta, and
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFFBFFD43D37EB08FBBC415A" box="[1033,1067,1556,1580]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">V1</date>
|
||
with 2 fleshy setae and 4 setose setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD439E1EB2BFE804126" bold="true" box="[223,279,1591,1616]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
reduced to 3 segments, coxa and trochanter plus femur, tibia and tarsus fused; legs subequal in size, each 78–100 µm long; claw 10 µm long; claw denticle absent; tarsal digitules about 20 µm long, knobbed apically and extending beyond apex of claw; claw digitules knobbed apically, each 15–20 µm long, shorter than tarsal digitules.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43839EBB8FE1241CB" bold="true" box="[263,389,1700,1725]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
125–150 µm long, 113–125 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43A76EBB8FC3041CB" bold="true" box="[840,935,1700,1725]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 125–138 µm long, 63–75 µm wide; labial setae setose: basal segment with 2 pairs about 10 µm long, median segment with 1 pair about 15 µm long, and apical segment with 4 pairs 15 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43A51EBF0FC4B4073" bold="true" box="[879,988,1772,1797]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 18–20 Μm long, 13–15 Μm wide, each sclerosis 25–33 µm long; each spiracle with 2 quinquelocular pores, 5 µm diameter, anterolaterally.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43877EA28FE62403B" bold="true" box="[329,501,1844,1869]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFFBFFD43B1CEA29FDCE403B" box="[546,601,1845,1869]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2, with inner ductule 10–15 µm long, inner cup 5 µm wide and outer ductule 10–15 µm long, arranged in a complete submarginal band 3 or 4 ducts wide and dispersed singly over entire venter.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43803EA60FE6D40E3" bold="true" box="[317,506,1916,1941]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Bilocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 2 µm long and 2 µm wide, dispersed among tubular ducts in submarginal band.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFBFFD43853EABCFD9E40CF" bold="true" box="[365,521,1952,1977]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of three
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFFBFFD43B51EABDFD3940CF" box="[623,686,1953,1977]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) conical setae, each 15 µm long and 5 µm wide at base, similar to marginal setae, with 2 on anterior apex of body; (ii) setose setae: 3 pairs medially just anterior to tentorium, each 25–38 µm long; also 4 setae on abdominal segments II–VIII, medial setae about 15 µm long, and submedial setae about 10 µm long. Also with 2 pairs anterior to anal ring, each about 5 µm long; 2 setae posterior to anal ring, each about 20 µm long, and 2 long setae, each 30–75 µm long and 2 conical setae, similar to marginal setae, about 13 µm long, 5 µm wide at base, on posterior apex of body; and (iii) tack-like setae, in a submarginal row from abdominal segment III to anal ring, each 5 µm long, totaling 6 setae on each side.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD53D00EC3BFB414636" bold="true" box="[1086,1238,295,320]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each about 3 µm long, arranged in groups of 1 or
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFFAFFD53B32EC50FDAE4613" box="[524,569,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
4 or 5 transverse rows on each abdominal segment and scattered on thorax.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD539A9EC73FE9E46FE" bold="true" box="[151,265,367,392]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
ventral, diameter 27–35 µm, composed of 2 semi-circles, each half with 3 spinose setae, each 20–30 µm long, and 4–7 pores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFFAFFD539A9EB81FC3A41C5" box="[151,941,1693,1715]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFAFFD539A9EB81FC3A41C5" blockId="41.[151,941,1693,1715]" box="[151,941,1693,1715]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD539A9EB81FE8841C5" bold="true" box="[151,287,1693,1715]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">FIGURE 19.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFAFFD5381BEB82FD5D41C5" authority="Spodek & Ben-Dov" authorityName="Spodek & Ben-Dov" box="[293,714,1693,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD5381BEB82FE6E41C5" box="[293,505,1693,1715]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Kermes hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
Spodek & Ben-Dov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, second-instar female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFAFFD639F9EBC6FACA46FE" blockId="41.[151,1436,1754,2031]" lastBlockId="42.[151,1436,151,645]" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD539F9EBC6FED84185" bold="true" box="[199,335,1754,1779]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Among the Palaearctic species, the only other described second-instar females are of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFAFFD53C22EBC7FEC84061" authority="Sternlicht, 1969" authorityName="Sternlicht" authorityYear="1969" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bytinskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD53C22EBC7FA0B4185" box="[1308,1436,1754,1779]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">K. bytinskii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFFAFFD539A0EBE2FECF4061" author="Sternlicht" box="[158,344,1790,1815]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1969) Kermes bytinskii n. spec. (Coccoidea: Kermesidae) in Israel and observations of life history. Israel Journal of Entomology, 4, 251 - 270." type="journal article" year="1969">Sternlicht, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFAFFD53853EBE3FD504061" authority="Sternlicht, 1970" authorityName="Sternlicht" authorityYear="1970" box="[365,711,1790,1815]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="williamsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD53853EBE3FE614061" box="[365,502,1790,1815]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">K. williamsi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFFAFFD53B38EBE2FD284061" author="Sternlicht" box="[518,703,1790,1815]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1970) A new species of Kermes Boitard (Coccoidea, Kermesidae) from England on oak. Entomologist's Gazette, 23, 259 - 266." type="journal article" year="1970">Sternlicht, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFAFFD53BEAEBE3FB884061" authority="Podsiadlo, 2012" authorityName="Podsiadlo" authorityYear="2012" box="[724,1055,1790,1815]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD53BEAEBE3FCD94060" box="[724,846,1791,1814]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">K. quercus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFFAFFD53A60EBE2FB804061" author="Podsiadlo" box="[862,1047,1790,1815]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Podsiadlo, E. (2012) Morphology of second instar nymphs of Kermes quercus (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Kermesidae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 81, 35 - 42. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2478 / v 10200 - 011 - 0061 - 9" type="journal article" year="2012">Podsiadlo, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFAFFD53D66EBE3FF4B404D" authority="Pellizzari et al., 2012" authorityName="Pellizzari et al." authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD53D66EBE3FB404061" box="[1112,1239,1790,1815]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFFAFFD53DD6EBE2FF43404D" author="Pellizzari" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Pellizzari, G., Porcelli, F., Convertini, S. & Marotta, S. (2012) Description of nymphal instars and adult female of Kermes vermilio Planchon (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae), with a synopsis of the European and Mediterranean species. Zootaxa, 3336, 36 - 50." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Pellizzari
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD53C62EBE3FA024061" box="[1372,1429,1790,1815]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFAFFD53870EA3FFE6B404D" box="[334,508,1826,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD53870EA3FFE6B404D" box="[334,508,1826,1851]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
most closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFAFFD53A35EA3FFC01404D" box="[779,918,1826,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD53A35EA3FFC01404D" box="[779,918,1826,1851]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFAFFD53AF5EA3FFBDF404D" box="[971,1096,1826,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD53AF5EA3FFBDF404D" box="[971,1096,1826,1851]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(not found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFFAFFD53DD8EA3EFAB1404D" box="[1254,1318,1826,1851]" name="Israel" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
) in having conical marginal setae and reduced antennal and leg segments, but can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFAFFD53DD5EA5BFAEC4029" box="[1259,1403,1862,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD53DD5EA5BFAEC4029" box="[1259,1403,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having (characters for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFAFFD5389DEA77FDA340F5" box="[419,564,1898,1923]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD5389DEA77FDA340F5" box="[419,564,1898,1923]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in brackets): five or six-segmented antennae (one-segmented), and threesegmented legs (one-segmented); and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFAFFD53BB7EA93FC9E40D1" box="[649,777,1934,1959]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD53BB7EA93FC9E40D1" box="[649,777,1934,1959]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in lacking membranous frontal lobes between the scapes. Also,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFAFFD539E3EAAFFEFA40BD" box="[221,365,1970,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD539E3EAAFFEFA40BD" box="[221,365,1970,1995]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFAFFD53892EAAFFDCA40BD" box="[428,605,1970,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD53892EAAFFDCA40BD" box="[428,605,1970,1995]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have tubular ducts (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFFAFFD53A6EEAAFFC1D40BD" box="[848,906,1971,1995]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2) present on both the venter and dorsum in whereas they are only on the venter in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFAFFD53B5CEACBFD754099" box="[610,738,2006,2031]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD53B5CEACBFD754099" box="[610,738,2006,2031]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFAFFD53BCAEACBFC284099" box="[756,959,2006,2031]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFAFFD53BCAEACBFC284099" box="[756,959,2006,2031]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Kermes echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has two longitudinal rows of dorsal conical setae whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD638B1ED85FD9B47C6" box="[399,524,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD638B1ED85FD9B47C6" box="[399,524,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a transverse row of dorsal setae. Other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD63ACEED85FBD147C6" box="[1008,1094,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD63ACEED85FBD147C6" box="[1008,1094,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Kermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFF9FFD63DA3ED8BFB4C47C6" box="[1181,1243,151,176]" name="Israel" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
have differentlyshaped marginal setae:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD6389FEDA1FDB647A3" box="[417,545,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD6389FEDA1FDB647A3" box="[417,545,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD63B65EDA1FD5447A2" box="[603,707,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD63B65EDA1FD5447A2" box="[603,707,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(robust setose), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD63A8CEDA1FBDF47A3" box="[946,1096,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD63A8CEDA1FBDF47A3" box="[946,1096,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(spatulate). These latter three species also have six-segmented antennae and well-developed legs, as on the Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD63D61EDFCFB6E478E" box="[1119,1273,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Allokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galliformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD63D61EDFCFB6E478E" box="[1119,1273,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">A. galliformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD63C39EDFDFE44466A" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD63C39EDFDFA0F478E" box="[1287,1432,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cockerelli">K. cockerelli</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD639A9EC19FED4466B" box="[151,323,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinnulus">K. concinnulus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD63871EC19FE44466A" authority="Baer & Kosztarab, 1985" authorityName="Baer & Kosztarab" authorityYear="1985" box="[335,467,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimarum">K. rimarum</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFF9FFD638DDEC18FD6E466B" author="Baer" box="[483,761,260,285]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refString="Baer, R. G. & Kosztarab, M. (1985) Studies on the morphology and systematics of scale insects-No. 12. II. A morphological and systematic study of the first and second instars of the family Kermesidae in the Nearctic region (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and University Research Division, 85, 119 - 261." type="journal article" year="1985">Baer & Kosztarab, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD63A05EC19FB51466A" authority="Miller & Miller, 1993" authorityName="Miller & Miller" authorityYear="1993" box="[827,1222,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Eriokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gillettei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD63A05EC19FC27466B" box="[827,944,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">E. gillettei</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFF9FFD63AFEEC18FB29466A" author="Miller" box="[960,1214,260,285]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refString="Miller, D. R. & Miller, G. L. (1993) Description of a new genus of scale insect with a discussion of relationships among families related to the Kermesidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Systematic Entomology, 18 (3), 237 - 251. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1993. tb 00664. x" type="journal article" year="1993">Miller & Miller, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The second-instar female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD63833EC35FE294636" box="[269,446,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD63833EC35FE294636" box="[269,446,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD63BBEEC35FD604636" box="[640,759,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Eriokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gillettei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD63BBEEC35FD604636" box="[640,759,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">E. gillettei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a ventral anal ring (dorsal in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD63DF4EC35FAD74636" box="[1226,1344,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Eriokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gillettei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD63DF4EC35FAD74636" box="[1226,1344,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">E. gillettei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and in having tubular ducts on both dorsum and venter (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD63A69EC51FC584613" box="[855,975,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Eriokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gillettei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD63A69EC51FC584613" box="[855,975,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">E. gillettei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); and it differs from
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD63DEFEC50FE9346FE" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD63DEFEC50FAE44613" box="[1233,1395,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Allokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galliformis">A. galliformis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD63CBCEC51FE9346FE" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cockerelli">K. cockerelli</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD6382CEC6DFE2D46FE" box="[274,442,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinnulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD6382CEC6DFE2D46FE" box="[274,442,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">K. concinnulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD638CFEC6DFDE446FE" box="[497,627,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD638CFEC6DFDE446FE" box="[497,627,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">K. rimarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in lacking quinquelocular pores on abdominal segments (present).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF9FFD639F9EC88FDAC46A6" blockId="42.[151,1436,151,645]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD639F9EC88FE3B46DB" bold="true" box="[199,428,404,429]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">First-instar nymph</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFF9FFD63883EC88FD8446DA" box="[445,531,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="42.[151,250,1933,1955]" captionText="FIGURE 20. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, first-instar nymph." pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD63B19EC88FC8D46DB" bold="true" box="[551,794,404,429]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">General appearance</emphasis>
|
||
. Body oval, tapering posteriorly,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF9FFD63DA7EC88FAB646DA" box="[1177,1313,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF9FFD63C55EC88FF7A46B9" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2– 0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; dorsum and venter red.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF9FFD639F9ECC0FC454683" blockId="42.[151,1436,151,645]" box="[199,978,476,501]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD639F9ECC0FE3E4683" bold="true" box="[199,425,476,501]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Mounted specimen</emphasis>
|
||
. Body oval,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF9FFD63B07ECC0FD574682" box="[569,704,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="0.7" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.6">0.6–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF9FFD63A38ECC0FC1A4682" box="[774,909,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF9FFD639F9ECE3FE3C45F3" blockId="42.[151,1436,151,645]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD639F9ECE3FEB6456E" bold="true" box="[199,289,511,536]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Margin</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD6380EECE3FE74456E" bold="true" box="[304,483,511,536]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
conical and slightly curved apically, in 1 to 2 rows; 1 row complete, with 21–24 on each side, each setae 10–13 Μm long, 5 Μm wide at base; second row with smaller conical setae, each setae 7–10 Μm long, 3–5 Μm wide at base, with 12–14 on each side, located between larger setae and extending from mesothorax to anal lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFF9FFD639A9EA91FC0640D5" box="[151,913,1933,1956]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF9FFD639A9EA91FC0640D5" blockId="42.[151,913,1933,1956]" box="[151,913,1933,1956]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD639A9EA91FE8840D5" bold="true" box="[151,287,1933,1955]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">FIGURE 20.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF9FFD6381BEA93FD5D40D5" authority="Spodek & Ben-Dov" authorityName="Spodek & Ben-Dov" box="[293,714,1933,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF9FFD6381BEA93FE6E40D5" box="[293,505,1933,1956]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Kermes hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
Spodek & Ben-Dov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, first-instar nymph.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF8FFD739F9ED8BFE01466A" blockId="43.[151,1437,151,2017]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD739F9ED8BFEED47C6" bold="true" box="[199,378,151,176]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Dorsum. Derm</emphasis>
|
||
membranous with inter-segmental lines.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73A73ED8BFC1A47C6" bold="true" box="[845,909,151,176]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
setose, with 4 pairs in each submedian line on head and thorax, each 5–7 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73B75EDA0FCAE47A3" bold="true" box="[587,825,188,213]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Microtubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
with a circular opening about 1 Μm diameter, inner ductule about 1 Μm long and outer ductule 0.5 Μm long; in submarginal longitudinal rows on abdomen and thorax, each row with 8 pores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF8FFD739F9EC3BFA97430B" blockId="43.[151,1437,151,2017]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD739F9EC3BFECB4636" bold="true" box="[199,348,295,320]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 10–12 Μm wide, close to body margin.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73AF1EC3BFBD54636" bold="true" box="[975,1090,295,320]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
6 segmented, length 113–130 Μm; segments III and VI longest; setal distribution as follows: scape and pedicel each with 2 setose setae; segment III with 1 setose seta; IV with 1 fleshy seta; V with 1 setose seta and 1 fleshy seta; apical segment with 2 fleshy setae and 4 setose setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73891EC88FE7046DB" bold="true" box="[431,487,404,429]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed; measurements (in Μm) of metathoracic leg: coxa 25–38, trochanter + femur 80–88, tibia 45–50, tarsus 50–63, claw 22–25; total leg length 190–200 Μm; trochanter with 2 oval sensory pores on each side; tarsal digitules 40–45 Μm long and knobbed apically, extending beyond apex of claw; claw digitules knobbed apically, each 18–20 Μm long; each claw with a single denticle near tip.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73D9CECE3FAB7456E" bold="true" box="[1186,1312,511,536]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
83–88 Μm long, 86–88 Μm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD738A1EF38FE69454B" bold="true" box="[415,510,548,573]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 85–90 Μm long, 50–63 Μm wide; labial setae setose as follows: basal segment with 2 pairs 5–8 Μm long, median segment with 1 pair on dorsal surface, each 12–15 Μm long, and apical segment with 4 pairs, each 16–20 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73A6AEF70FC5645F3" bold="true" box="[852,961,620,645]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 3–5 Μm wide; each with apodeme crescent shaped, 20–25 Μm long; each prothoracic spiracle with 2 quinquelocular pores anterolaterally, one 3 Μm diameter and one 5 Μm diameter, each mesothoracic spiracle with 1 quinquelocular pore anterolaterally, 3 Μm diameter.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD738C5EFCBFD534586" bold="true" box="[507,708,727,752]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Trilocular pores,</emphasis>
|
||
each about 5 Μm wide, distributed as follows: 1 pore medial to each scape, just anterior to tentorium; 1 mesad to each coxa; and pairs submedially on abdominal segments V–VI.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD739A9EE03FEDA444E" bold="true" box="[151,333,799,824]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Bilocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
oval, each 3 Μm long and 2 Μm wide, present near body margin from lateral to prothoracic spiracle to abdominal segment VI, with 5 on each side.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73B98EE58FCD6442B" bold="true" box="[678,833,836,861]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFF8FFD73AA9EE59FC41442B" box="[919,982,837,861]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) conical setae: a pair on anterior apex of head, each 11–13 Μm long, 5 Μm wide at base; and (ii) setose setae:, with 3 pairs in longitudinal lines medially between scapes, each 25–30 Μm long; also a seta mesad to each coxa, associated with trilocular pores, each 10–13 Μm long; and with 6 setae across each abdominal segment, medial and submedial setae each 10–18 Μm long, and submarginal setae 5–6 Μm long. Also with a pair anterior to anal ring 18–23 Μm long, and a pair latero-posterior to anal ring 20–25 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73887EEEBFDC64366" bold="true" box="[441,593,1015,1040]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each about 3 Μm long, arranged in groups of 3 or
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF8FFD73DBDEEE4FB394366" box="[1155,1198,1015,1040]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
|
||
2 transverse rows on each abdominal segment and sparsely on thorax.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73BEBE900FCDC4343" bold="true" box="[725,843,1052,1077]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
ventral, diameter 20–25 Μm; composed of 2 semicircles, each half with 3 spinose setae, each 13–18 Μm long; pores absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73AE7E923FBC0432E" bold="true" box="[985,1111,1087,1112]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
small; apical margin of each with 1 spinose seta, 10–15 Μm long, 3–5 Μm wide, and 1 very long flagellate seta, 220–275 Μm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF8FFD739F9E99BFBF44222" blockId="43.[151,1437,151,2017]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD739F9E99BFED843D6" bold="true" box="[199,335,1159,1184]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The first-instar nymph of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF8FFD73B49E995FCB243D6" box="[631,805,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73B49E995FCB243D6" box="[631,805,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF8FFD73D6BE995FB7743D6" box="[1109,1248,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73D6BE995FB7743D6" box="[1109,1248,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF8FFD73C29E995FA0243D6" box="[1303,1429,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73C29E995FA0243D6" box="[1303,1429,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. All three species are red in life and possess dorsal and marginal conical setae. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF8FFD73DB2E9B1FAAC43B3" box="[1164,1339,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73DB2E9B1FAAC43B3" box="[1164,1339,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has two quinquelocular pores associated with the prothoracic spiracles, usually with one pore larger in diameter than the other, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF8FFD7387BE9E9FE43427B" box="[325,468,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD7387BE9E9FE43427B" box="[325,468,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has only one quinquelocular pore associated with each spiracle and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF8FFD73DD2E9E9FAFA427B" box="[1260,1389,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73DD2E9E9FAFA427B" box="[1260,1389,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has usually one pore, rarely two, but each with 5–8 loculi (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFF8FFD73A3EE80BFC774246" author="Balachowsky" box="[768,992,1303,1328]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Balachowsky, A. S. (1950) Les Kermes (Hom, Coccoidea) des chenes en Europe et dans le basin Mediterranean. Proceedings of the International Congress of Entomology, 8, 739 - 754." type="journal article" year="1950">Balachowsky, 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFF8FFD73AD3E80BFB764246" author="Pellizzari" box="[1005,1249,1303,1328]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Pellizzari, G., Porcelli, F., Convertini, S. & Marotta, S. (2012) Description of nymphal instars and adult female of Kermes vermilio Planchon (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae), with a synopsis of the European and Mediterranean species. Zootaxa, 3336, 36 - 50." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Pellizzari
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73D63E805FB184246" box="[1117,1167,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The first-instar of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF8FFD7398BE821FEF44223" box="[181,355,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD7398BE821FEF44223" box="[181,355,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also lacks the dorsal bilocular pores dorsum, present on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF8FFD73AE0E821FBCB4223" box="[990,1116,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73AE0E821FBCB4223" box="[990,1116,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF8FFD739F9E843FD8A42B6" blockId="43.[151,1437,151,2017]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD739F9E843FED8420E" bold="true" box="[199,335,1375,1400]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Adult male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFF8FFD7385EE843FE21420E" box="[352,438,1375,1400]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1349,1371]" captionText="FIGURE 21. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, adult male." pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFF8FFD738FAE843FD81420E" box="[452,534,1375,1400]" captionStart="PLATE 3" captionStartId="48.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1386,198,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[200,1386,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="PLATE 3. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. gravid female; e. female with eggs; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male, dorsal view; j. adult male, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285776/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Plate 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. h).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFF8FFD73B42E87CFD0C420E" box="[636,667,1376,1400]" name="American Samoa" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF8FFD73BF0E87DFCC0420E" box="[718,855,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73BF0E87DFCC0420E" box="[718,855,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">K echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
except:
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73A84E843FB22420E" bold="true" box="[954,1205,1375,1400]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">General appearance.</emphasis>
|
||
Body
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF8FFD73C3BE843FA0B420E" box="[1285,1436,1375,1400]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.63" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.46" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="1.63" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.46">1.46–1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, widest across mesothorax 0.44–0.45; wings about 2/3rds body length; radial wing vein red; white waxy caudal filaments 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF8FFD738B6E8B4FE4A42B6" box="[392,477,1448,1472]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF8FFD739F9E8D0FB2A4292" blockId="43.[151,1437,151,2017]" box="[199,1213,1484,1509]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD739F9E8D0FE274293" bold="true" box="[199,432,1484,1509]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Total length 1.5–2.0 mm long, width across mesothorax
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFF8FFD73D11E8D0FB2E4292" box="[1071,1209,1484,1509]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF8FFD739F9E8F3FD094073" blockId="43.[151,1437,151,2017]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD739F9E8F3FE9A417E" bold="true" box="[199,269,1519,1544]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Length 225–275 µm long; width across genae 260–275 µm. Dorsal (dse) and ventral simple eyes (vse), each 45–50 µm diameter; lateral simple eyes smaller (lse), each 35 µm diameter; ocellus 18–20 µm diameter. Dorsal head setae (dhs) in a row of 6-8 hs setae. Ventral head setae (vhs) in a transverse row of 6–8 hs.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD73C21EB2BFA0B4126" bold="true" box="[1311,1436,1591,1616]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Antennae:</emphasis>
|
||
1150–1200 µm long (ratio of total body length to antennal length about 1:0.65). Scape (scp) 50–62 µm long, 55–63 µm wide, with 2 or 3 hs. Pedicel (ped) 50–63 µm long, 40–50 µm wide, with 5–8 hs. Flagellar segments III–X each 125–163 µm long, 20–25 µm wide; segment III longest, segments becoming shorter towards apex; approximate number of setae per segment (note: fs and hs hard to differentiate):
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF8FFD73A47EBD4FC7F4196" box="[889,1000,1736,1760]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">III–V 3–8</date>
|
||
fs;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF8FFD73D2CEBD4FB564196" box="[1042,1217,1736,1760]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="2012-06-19" valueMax="2012-08-19" valueMin="2012-06-19">VI– VIII 12–19</date>
|
||
fs;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF8FFD73DD5EBD4FAC24196" box="[1259,1365,1735,1760]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="2013-09-15">IX 13–15</date>
|
||
fs + 1 ab;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFF8FFD739FEEBF1FE854072" box="[192,274,1772,1796]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="2011-10-09">X 9–11</date>
|
||
fs+ 4 ab + 4 cs, each cs 63–65 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF8FFD739F9EA13FD184051" blockId="43.[151,1437,151,2017]" box="[199,655,1807,1832]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD739F9EA13FE30405E" bold="true" box="[199,423,1807,1832]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Thorax. Prothorax</emphasis>
|
||
: as for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFF8FFD738C2EA0DFD1F405E" box="[508,648,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD738C2EA0DFD1F405E" box="[508,648,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFF8FFD739F9EA28FF4C4097" blockId="43.[151,1437,151,2017]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFF8FFD739F9EA28FEC8403B" bold="true" box="[199,351,1844,1869]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Mesothorax:</emphasis>
|
||
prescutum (prsc) 75–80 µm long, 160–175 µm wide. Scutum (sct): membranous area medially 50–70 µm long. Prescutal and scutal setae absent. Scutellum (scl) 80–85 µm long, 165–175 µm wide; with 2 pairs of hs (scls), each 13–15 µm long. Basisternum (stn2) 175–200 µm long, 250–270 µm wide; basisternal setae absent. Tegula (teg) with 3–5 hs (tegs). Mesothoracic spiracles (sp2): peritreme 15–20 µm wide; without loculate pores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFFFFFD039A9E859FCD2422D" box="[151,837,1349,1372]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFFFFD039A9E859FCD2422D" blockId="44.[151,837,1349,1372]" box="[151,837,1349,1372]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFFFFD039A9E859FE88422D" bold="true" box="[151,287,1349,1371]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">FIGURE 21.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFFFFD0381BE85BFD5D422D" authority="Spodek & Ben-Dov" authorityName="Spodek & Ben-Dov" box="[293,714,1349,1372]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFFFFD0381BE85BFE6E422D" box="[293,505,1349,1372]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Kermes hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
Spodek & Ben-Dov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, adult male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFFFFD039F9E89FFEB242B4" blockId="44.[151,1437,1411,2017]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFFFFD039F9E89FFEC942EA" bold="true" box="[199,350,1411,1436]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Metathorax:</emphasis>
|
||
Metathoracic spiracles (sp3): peritreme 15–20 µm wide; without loculate pores. Metasternal setae absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFFFFD039F9E8D1FC70407E" blockId="44.[151,1437,1411,2017]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFFFFD039F9E8D1FE8C4290" bold="true" box="[199,283,1485,1510]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Wings:</emphasis>
|
||
1200–1250 µm long, 450–475 µm wide (ratio of length to width 1:0.37; ratio of total body length to wing length 1:1.68). Hamulohalteres (h) 113–125 µm long, 32–40 µm wide; hamulus, 55–65 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFFFFD03C65E8EDFA0B417C" bold="true" box="[1371,1436,1521,1546]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Legs:</emphasis>
|
||
metathoracic legs longest, 851–921 µm long; prothoracic and mesothoracic legs 789–827 µm long. Coxa:
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFFFFFD03C61EB0BFA1A4158" box="[1375,1421,1558,1582]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1990-01">I 90</date>
|
||
– 113; II 100–107; III 115–125 µm long, with 12–20 hs. Trochanter:
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFFFFFD03A9AEB26FC434124" box="[932,980,1593,1618]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1950-01">I 50</date>
|
||
–70;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFFFFFD03D31EB26FBDE4124" box="[1039,1097,1593,1618]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1950-02">II 50</date>
|
||
–65;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFFFFFD03DBDEB26FB544124" box="[1155,1219,1593,1618]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1975-03">III 75</date>
|
||
–80 µm long, with about 5 or 6 hs; each trochanter with 3 oval sensory pores in a triangle on each surface. Femur: I 235–250; II 220– 225; III 240–250 µm long, with 25–37 hs. Tibia: I 275–287; II 275–285; III 270–300 µm long, with 36–45 hs; all tibia with 2 apical spurs (tibs) 25–28 µm long. Tarsi 2-segmented; tarsus 2 (tar2): I 113–115; II 100–105; III 108– 118 µm long, with 20–25 hs; tarsal digitules (tdgt) each about 50 µm long. Claw (cl):
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFFFFFD03D60EBD1FB2F4193" box="[1118,1208,1740,1765]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1918-01-25">I 18–25</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFFFFFD03DFAEBD1FAB04193" box="[1220,1319,1740,1765]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1925-02-30">II 25–30</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFFFFFD03C0DEBD1FA0B4193" box="[1331,1436,1741,1765]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1933-03-30">III 30–33</date>
|
||
µm long; claw digitules (cdt) each about 35 µm long; claw denticle present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFFFFD139F9EA08FD2147A3" blockId="44.[151,1437,1411,2017]" lastBlockId="45.[151,1436,151,536]" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFFFFD039F9EA08FED4405B" bold="true" box="[199,323,1812,1837]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Tergites and pleural areas unsclerotized; sternites (as) lightly sclerotized on segments III–VIII. Abdominal dorsal setae (ads) (totals): segments
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFFFFFD03BF9EA25FC8A4027" box="[711,797,1849,1873]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">I–VII 2</date>
|
||
hs, 10 µm long;
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFFFFFD03AD2EA25FBA24027" box="[1004,1077,1849,1873]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">VIII 2</date>
|
||
hs, 40 µm long; pleural setae: dorsopleural setae (adps) (on each side):
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFFFFFD03B5FEA41FDE84003" box="[609,639,1885,1909]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">I 3</date>
|
||
hs and
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFFFFFD03BEBEA41FCA64003" box="[725,817,1885,1909]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">II–VII 2</date>
|
||
hs, 10 µm long,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFFFFFD03AD0EA41FBA44003" box="[1006,1075,1885,1909]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">VIII 3</date>
|
||
hs, one 80–85 µm long and two 50–55 µm long; ventropleural setae (avps) (on each side)
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFFFFFD03A15EA9DFC0440EF" box="[811,915,1921,1945]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">II–VIII 2</date>
|
||
or 3 hs, 15 µm long; abdominal ventral setae (avs) (totals)
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFFFFFD03810EAB9FE1640CB" box="[302,385,1957,1981]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">II–III 2</date>
|
||
hs,
|
||
<date id="FFB5348EFFFFFFD0388EEAB9FD8E40CB" box="[432,537,1957,1981]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">IV–VII 4</date>
|
||
hs 20–25 µm long. Glandular pouch setae (gls), 110–117 µm long; each pouch with 9–18 pores, each 3 µm diameter with 3–5 loculi.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFFFFD03A29EAD4FC714097" bold="true" box="[791,998,1992,2017]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Genital segment:</emphasis>
|
||
penial sheath (ps) 180–200 µm long, greatest width 110–120 µm. Basal rod (bra) 60–75 µm long. Aedeagus (aed) 130–140 µm long. Genital capsule with 4 hs (gts) dorsally and 16 hs (gts) ventrally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFEFFD139F9EDC3FB424636" blockId="45.[151,1436,151,536]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD139F9EDC3FED8478E" bold="true" box="[199,335,223,248]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFFEFFD13898EDC3FE7B478E" box="[422,492,223,248]" name="Israel" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
species, the adult male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFEFFD13A23EDFDFC5B478E" box="[797,972,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD13A23EDFDFC5B478E" box="[797,972,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFEFFD13DCDEDFDFAE8478E" box="[1267,1407,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD13DCDEDFDFAE8478E" box="[1267,1407,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
— both are red in life with reddish wing veins and both lack metasternal setae. Metasternal setae are present on all other known males (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFFEFFD13844EC34FDC14636" author="Hamon" box="[378,598,295,320]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refString="Hamon, A. B., Lambdin, P. L. & Kosztarab, M. (1976) Life history and morphology of Kermes kingii in Virginia (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Kermesidae). Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Research Division, 111, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1976">
|
||
Hamon
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD138EBEC35FD904636" box="[469,519,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1976
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFFEFFD13B5CEC3BFC014636" author="Koteja" box="[610,918,295,320]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refString="Koteja, J. & Zak-Ogaza, B. (1972) Morphology and taxonomy of the male Kermes quercus (L.) (Homoptera, Coccoidea). Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 17, 193 - 215." type="journal article" year="1972">Koteja & Zak-Ogaza, 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFFEFFD13A9CEC34FB9A4636" author="Hu" box="[930,1037,295,320]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refString="Hu, X. (1986) Studies on gall-like scale insects, with descriptions of three new species from Shandong, China (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Kermesidae). Entomotaxonomia, 8, 291 - 316. [in Chinese, English abstract]" type="journal article" year="1986">Hu, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFFEFFD13D27EC3BFB5E4636" author="Liu" box="[1049,1225,295,320]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refString="Liu, Y. J., Liu, Y. S., Shi, Y. L. & Cui, J. (1997) A morphological study of Nidularia japonica Kuwana (Homoptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae). Entomological Journal of East China, 6 (1), 15 - 19. [in Chinese, English abstract]" type="journal article" year="1997">
|
||
Liu
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD13D79EC35FBEF4636" box="[1095,1144,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1997
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFEFFD139F9EC50FDE346DB" blockId="45.[151,1436,151,536]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD139F9EC50FD904613" bold="true" box="[199,519,332,357]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fourth-instar male (pupa)</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFFEFFD13B27EC50FDF84612" box="[537,623,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1710,1732]" captionText="FIGURE 22. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, pupa." pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFFEFFD13B43EC50FD594612" box="[637,718,332,357]" captionStart="PLATE 3" captionStartId="48.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1386,198,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[200,1386,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="PLATE 3. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. gravid female; e. female with eggs; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male, dorsal view; j. adult male, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285776/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Plate 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. g). Develops within a white, flocculent (wooly) wax test secreted by second-instar male; very similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFEFFD13BC4EC6DFC1046FE" box="[762,903,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD13BC4EC6DFC1046FE" box="[762,903,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but differing as follows.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD13D9DEC73FA0B46FE" bold="true" box="[1187,1436,367,392]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">General appearance.</emphasis>
|
||
Body
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFFEFFD139E5EC88FEF646DA" box="[219,353,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFFEFFD13896EC88FDB846DA" box="[424,559,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.499999999999999" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="0.6499999999999999" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.6">0.6–0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFEFFD139F9ECABFA1746A6" blockId="45.[151,1436,151,536]" box="[199,1408,439,464]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD139F9ECABFE2746A6" bold="true" box="[199,432,439,464]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFFEFFD138C5ECABFD1546B9" box="[507,642,439,464]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFFEFFD13BF6ECABFCD846B9" box="[712,847,439,464]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="0.7" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.6">0.6–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; head 225–250 µm long, 400–425 µm wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFEFFD139F9ECC0FE7C456E" blockId="45.[151,1436,151,536]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD139F9ECC0FE284683" bold="true" box="[199,447,476,501]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Margin. Wing-buds:</emphasis>
|
||
fore-wings 485–650 µm long, 200–250 µm wide, length ratio to mesothoracic wings 1:10.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD139E8ECE3FE81456E" bold="true" box="[214,278,511,536]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
as on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFEFFD13861EF1DFE74456E" box="[351,483,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD13861EF1DFE74456E" box="[351,483,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">K echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFFEFFD139A9EBB2FC9B41B2" box="[151,780,1710,1732]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFEFFD139A9EBB2FC9B41B2" blockId="45.[151,780,1710,1732]" box="[151,780,1710,1732]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD139A9EBB2FE8841B2" bold="true" box="[151,287,1710,1732]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">FIGURE 22.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFEFFD1381BEBB3FD5D41B2" authority="Spodek & Ben-Dov" authorityName="Spodek & Ben-Dov" box="[293,714,1710,1732]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD1381BEBB3FE6E41B2" box="[293,505,1710,1732]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Kermes hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
Spodek & Ben-Dov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pupa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFEFFD139F9EBF7FD294006" blockId="45.[151,1436,1771,2013]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD139F9EBF7FEE74072" bold="true" box="[199,368,1771,1796]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Dorsum. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
absent.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFFEFFD138EFEBF0FE724072" box="[465,485,1772,1796]" name="Iceland" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD138DBEBF7FD154072" bold="true" box="[485,642,1771,1796]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">cular sclerite</emphasis>
|
||
reticulated, 50–75 µm long, 150–158 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD13D8BEBF7FB624072" bold="true" box="[1205,1269,1771,1796]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
setose, with 4 pairs on head apex, each 20 µm long; also in submedial longitudinal rows.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD13AE2EA13FBCE405E" bold="true" box="[988,1113,1807,1832]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
rounded, membranous, each with a long setose seta 75 Μm long on apex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD13BB2EA2FFCE6403A" bold="true" box="[652,881,1843,1868]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Median penial lobe</emphasis>
|
||
triangular, 100–130 Μm long, 100–125 Μm wide, with 3 pairs of setose setae, each 25–30 Μm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFEFFD239F9EA67FAC1478E" blockId="45.[151,1436,1771,2013]" lastBlockId="46.[151,1436,151,501]" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD139F9EA67FE4140E2" bold="true" box="[199,470,1915,1940]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Venter. Ocular sclerite</emphasis>
|
||
as on dorsum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD13BB8EA67FD6E40E2" bold="true" box="[646,761,1915,1940]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
10 segmented; total length 575–675 µm, width 50–65 µm; setae absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD13812EA83FE0E40CE" bold="true" box="[300,409,1951,1976]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 20–25 µm long, 10–15 µm wide; each sclerosis 30–40 µm long; each spiracle with 2–4 quinquelocular pores anterolaterally, each 5 µm diameter.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFEFFD13D9AEAD8FB4B40AB" bold="true" box="[1188,1244,1988,2013]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed, subequal in size; measurements (in Μm) of metathoracic leg: coxa 100–125, trochanter + femur 200–250, tibia 175–200, tarsus 105–115; total length 580–690 Μm.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD23BCAEDA0FC0547A3" bold="true" box="[756,914,188,213]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
setose and each 10 Μm long, with 4 pairs of inter-antennal setae; abdominal setae arranged as on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFDFFD23BD8EDFDFCE5478E" box="[742,882,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD23BD8EDFDFCE5478E" box="[742,882,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD23ABEEDC3FB85478E" bold="true" box="[896,1042,223,248]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Microspines</emphasis>
|
||
arranged as on
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD23DFDEDFDFAC1478E" box="[1219,1366,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFDFFD23DFDEDFDFAC4478E" box="[1219,1363,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">K. echinatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFDFFD239F9EC18FB6D46DB" blockId="46.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD239F9EC18FED8466B" bold="true" box="[199,335,260,285]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFDFFD238DBEC19FD04466B" box="[485,659,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD238DBEC19FD04466B" box="[485,659,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFDFFD23BF5EC19FCC0466B" box="[715,855,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD23BF5EC19FCC0466B" box="[715,855,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are both red in life. Those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFDFFD23D96EC19FAC1466B" box="[1192,1366,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD23D96EC19FAC1466B" box="[1192,1366,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFDFFD23807EC35FE514636" box="[313,454,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD23807EC35FE514636" box="[313,454,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having two quinquelocular pores anterior to each spiracle (absent on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFDFFD23DC0EC35FA1C4636" box="[1278,1419,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD23DC0EC35FA1C4636" box="[1278,1419,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The other
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFFDFFD23836EC50FED94613" box="[264,334,332,357]" name="Israel" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
species are:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFDFFD238E2EC51FDD54612" box="[476,578,333,356]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD238E2EC51FDD54612" box="[476,578,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
orange and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFDFFD23BF4EC51FCE94613" box="[714,894,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD23BF4EC51FCE94613" box="[714,894,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFDFFD23AB5EC51FB9F4613" box="[907,1032,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD23AB5EC51FB9F4613" box="[907,1032,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFDFFD23D03EC51FB474613" box="[1085,1232,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD23D03EC51FB474613" box="[1085,1232,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
greyish brown. In addition, all other
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFFDFFD2385CEC73FE3F46FE" box="[354,424,367,392]" name="Israel" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Israeli</collectingCountry>
|
||
species lack spiracular pores. The pupae of the Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFDFFD23D1EEC6CFAFA46FE" authority="Hamon et al., 1976" authorityName="Hamon et al." authorityYear="1976" box="[1056,1389,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Allokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kingii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD23D1EEC6CFBE846FE" box="[1056,1151,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">A. kingii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFFDFFD23DB2EC6CFAF246FE" author="Hamon" box="[1164,1381,367,392]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Hamon, A. B., Lambdin, P. L. & Kosztarab, M. (1976) Life history and morphology of Kermes kingii in Virginia (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Kermesidae). Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Research Division, 111, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1976">
|
||
Hamon
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD23DD9EC6DFA8F46FE" box="[1255,1304,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1976
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFDFFD239A9EC89FD8D46DA" authority="Miller & Miller, 1993" authorityName="Miller & Miller" authorityYear="1993" box="[151,538,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Eriokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gillettei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD239A9EC89FE9C46DB" box="[151,267,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">E. gillettei</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFFDFFD23824EC88FD8646DA" author="Miller" box="[282,529,404,429]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Miller, D. R. & Miller, G. L. (1993) Description of a new genus of scale insect with a discussion of relationships among families related to the Kermesidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Systematic Entomology, 18 (3), 237 - 251. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1993. tb 00664. x" type="journal article" year="1993">Miller & Miller, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also lack spiracular pores; their colours in life were not recorded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFDFFD239F9ECABFDE34683" blockId="46.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD239F9ECABFD8A46A6" bold="true" box="[199,541,439,464]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Third-instar male (prepupa)</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFFDFFD23B13ECABFD1646A6" box="[557,641,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1626,1648]" captionText="FIGURE 23. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, prepupa." pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFFDFFD23BB0ECABFD4946A6" box="[654,734,439,464]" captionStart="PLATE 5" captionStartId="76.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[219,1377,199,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@76.[207,1380,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="PLATE 5. Kermes spatulatus Balachowsky, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. post-reproductive female; e. post-reproductive female from Mt. Hermon; f. male test; g. second-instar male; h. prepupa; i. pupa; j. adult male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285778/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Plate 5</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. h).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFFDFFD23A01ECA4FCC946A6" box="[831,862,440,464]" name="American Samoa" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFDFFD23AB0ECA5FB8346A6" box="[910,1044,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD23AB0ECA5FB8346A6" box="[910,1044,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">K echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
apart from:
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD23D9CECABFA0B46A6" bold="true" box="[1186,1436,439,464]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">General appearance.</emphasis>
|
||
Body
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFFDFFD239E5ECC0FEF64682" box="[219,353,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFFDFFD23896ECC0FDB84682" box="[424,559,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.7">0.7–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFFDFFD239A9EB46FCBB4106" box="[151,812,1626,1648]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFDFFD239A9EB46FCBB4106" blockId="46.[151,812,1626,1648]" box="[151,812,1626,1648]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD239A9EB46FE884106" bold="true" box="[151,287,1626,1648]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">FIGURE 23.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFDFFD2381BEB47FD5D4106" authority="Spodek & Ben-Dov" authorityName="Spodek & Ben-Dov" box="[293,714,1626,1648]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD2381BEB47FE6E4106" box="[293,505,1626,1648]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Kermes hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
Spodek & Ben-Dov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, prepupa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFDFFD239F9EB8BFC0341C6" blockId="46.[151,1437,1687,2037]" box="[199,916,1687,1712]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD239F9EB8BFE2741C6" bold="true" box="[199,432,1687,1712]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFFDFFD238C5EB8BFD1541D9" box="[507,642,1687,1712]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="1.7" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFFDFFD23BF6EB84FCD841D9" box="[712,847,1688,1712]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="0.8" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.7">0.7–0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFDFFD239F9EBA7FE65406A" blockId="46.[151,1437,1687,2037]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD239F9EBA7FDBD41A2" bold="true" box="[199,554,1723,1748]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Margin. Anterior wing-buds</emphasis>
|
||
each 380–435 µm long, 185–200 µm wide; posterior wing-buds absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD239A9EBC3FEDC418E" bold="true" box="[151,331,1759,1784]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
fine and blunt setae, each 15–20 µm long, in a single complete marginal row of 15–20 on each side; submarginal setae absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFDFFD239F9EA3BFC0040DA" blockId="46.[151,1437,1687,2037]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD239F9EA3BFEE24036" bold="true" box="[199,373,1831,1856]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Dorsum. Setae</emphasis>
|
||
setose, each 10–15 µm long, with 3 pairs on head apex and in complete submedial longitudinal rows of about 10 setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD238A0EA57FD8C4012" bold="true" box="[414,539,1867,1892]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Anal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
rounded apically and membranous, each with 2 setae on apex, a long setose seta 40–50 Μm long, and a shorter spinose seta 20–25 Μm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD23A0AEA73FB8D40FE" bold="true" box="[820,1050,1903,1928]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Median penial lobe</emphasis>
|
||
broadly rounded, 75–80 Μm long, 125–135 Μm wide, with 3 pairs of setose setae, each 20–25 Μm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFDFFD339F9EAABFBE3466A" blockId="46.[151,1437,1687,2037]" lastBlockId="47.[151,1436,151,680]" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD239F9EAABFECB40A6" bold="true" box="[199,348,1975,2000]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD23882EAABFDB840A6" bold="true" box="[444,559,1975,2000]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
7 or 8 segmented, tapering apically and 250–300 µm long, 75–80 µm wide; apical segment with 5 fleshy setae, each about 5 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFDFFD23A04EAC0FC304083" bold="true" box="[826,935,2012,2037]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size; each peritreme 20–25 µm long, 20–25 µm wide, with sclerosis 35–40 µm long; each spiracle with 2 quinquelocular pores anterolaterally, each 5 µm diameter.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD33841EDA0FE2047A3" bold="true" box="[383,439,188,213]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented lobes, subequal in size; total length of metathoracic leg, 250–300 Μm, width 70–75 Μm; claw and setae absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD33B06EDC3FD4F478E" bold="true" box="[568,728,223,248]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
setose, each 10–15 Μm long, with 4 pairs between scapes; abdominal setae arranged as on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFCFFD338C3EC19FD1E466B" box="[509,649,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD338C3EC19FD1E466B" box="[509,649,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD33BA9EC18FCA7466B" bold="true" box="[663,816,260,285]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
arranged as on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFCFFD33ADFEC19FBFA466B" box="[993,1133,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD33ADFEC19FBFA466B" box="[993,1133,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFCFFD339F9EC3BFAC5456E" blockId="47.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD339F9EC3BFED84636" bold="true" box="[199,335,295,320]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The prepupae of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFCFFD33B53EC35FCB64636" box="[621,801,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD33B53EC35FCB64636" box="[621,801,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFCFFD33A5AEC35FC6F4636" box="[868,1016,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD33A5AEC35FC6F4636" box="[868,1016,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are red in life and both have two quinquelocular pores anterior to each spiracle but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFCFFD33BDAEC51FC004613" box="[740,919,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD33BDAEC51FC004613" box="[740,919,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has two pairs of dorsal setae on abdominal segment VIII and three pairs of setae on the penial lobe, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFCFFD33AB7EC6DFB8F46FE" box="[905,1048,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD33AB7EC6DFB8F46FE" box="[905,1048,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has no dorsal abdominal setae on segment VIII and four pairs of setae on the penial lobe. Of the other prepupae in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C52DEFFFCFFD33D1AEC88FBF246DB" box="[1060,1125,404,429]" name="Israel" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFCFFD33D4EEC89FB4146DA" box="[1136,1238,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD33D4EEC89FB4146DA" box="[1136,1238,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">K. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is orange, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFCFFD33CBCEC89FF6346A6" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD33CBCEC89FF6346A6" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFCFFD33815ECA5FE2846A6" box="[299,447,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD33815ECA5FE2846A6" box="[299,447,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">K. spatulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are greyish-brown and all three have spiraclular pores, whilst that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFCFFD33DF3ECA5FA1546A6" box="[1229,1410,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD33DF3ECA5FA1546A6" box="[1229,1410,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is brown and has one quinquelocular pore anterior to each spiracle. The prepupa of the Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFCFFD33D83ECC0FE94456E" authority="Hamon et al., 1976" authorityName="Hamon et al." authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Allokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kingii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD33D83ECC0FA8A4683" box="[1213,1309,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">A. kingii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFFCFFD33C12ECC0FF6C456E" author="Hamon" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refString="Hamon, A. B., Lambdin, P. L. & Kosztarab, M. (1976) Life history and morphology of Kermes kingii in Virginia (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Kermesidae). Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Research Division, 111, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1976">
|
||
Hamon
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD33CB6ECC1FF3A456E" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1976
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFCFFD33807EF1DFD2B456E" authority="Miller & Miller, 1993" authorityName="Miller & Miller" authorityYear="1993" box="[313,700,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Eriokermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gillettei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD33807EF1DFE3A456E" box="[313,429,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">E. gillettei</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFFCFFD33882ECE3FD23456E" author="Miller" box="[444,692,511,536]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refString="Miller, D. R. & Miller, G. L. (1993) Description of a new genus of scale insect with a discussion of relationships among families related to the Kermesidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Systematic Entomology, 18 (3), 237 - 251. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1993. tb 00664. x" type="journal article" year="1993">Miller & Miller, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lack spiracular pores; their colour in life was not recorded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFCFFD339F9EF38FB0A45F2" blockId="47.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD339F9EF38FE39454B" bold="true" box="[199,430,548,573]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Second-instar male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFFCFFD33883EF38FD86454A" box="[445,529,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="47.[151,250,1997,2019]" captionText="FIGURE 24. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, second-instar male." pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13300ECBFFFCFFD33B20EF38FDF9454A" box="[542,622,548,573]" captionStart="PLATE 3" captionStartId="48.[151,234,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1386,198,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[200,1386,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="PLATE 3. Kermes hermonensis Spodek & Ben-Dov, general appearance; a. second-instar female; b. third-instar female; c. young adult female; d. gravid female; e. female with eggs; f. second-instar male; g. prepupa; h. pupa; i. adult male, dorsal view; j. adult male, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285776/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Plate 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, fig. e).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD33BF3EF38FC28454B" bold="true" box="[717,959,548,573]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">General appearance</emphasis>
|
||
. Secretes a white, flocculent (wooly) wax test, 1.8–2.0 mm long, 0.6–1.0 mm wide; body red and broadly oval when removed from test,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFFCFFD33DF8EF5BFACB4529" box="[1222,1372,583,608]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.075" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="1.075" valueMax="1.45" valueMin="0.7">0.7–1.45 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFFCFFD339A9EF70FE8945F2" box="[151,286,620,644]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; derm membranous with inter-segmental lines on both dorsum and venter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFCFFD339F9EF93FC7745DE" blockId="47.[151,1436,151,680]" box="[199,992,655,680]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD339F9EF93FE2745DE" bold="true" box="[199,432,655,680]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Mounted specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFFCFFD33B07EF93FD5945D1" box="[569,718,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.225" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="1.225" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.95">0.95–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFFCFFD33A2AEF93FC0C45D1" box="[788,923,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFFCFFD339A9EAD1FC0E4095" box="[151,921,1997,2020]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFFCFFD339A9EAD1FC0E4095" blockId="47.[151,921,1997,2020]" box="[151,921,1997,2020]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD339A9EAD1FE884095" bold="true" box="[151,287,1997,2019]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">FIGURE 24.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFFCFFD3381BEAD3FD5D4095" authority="Spodek & Ben-Dov" authorityName="Spodek & Ben-Dov" box="[293,714,1997,2020]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFFCFFD3381BEAD3FE6E4095" box="[293,505,1997,2020]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Kermes hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
Spodek & Ben-Dov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, second-instar male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7442C6FFE3FFCC39A9EABDFE314082" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285776/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" targetBox="[212,1386,198,1928]" targetPageId="48">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE3FFCC39A9EABDFE314082" blockId="48.[151,1436,1953,2036]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE3FFCC39A9EABDFE9240C1" bold="true" box="[151,261,1953,1975]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">PLATE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE3FFCC3830EABEFD2A40C1" authority="Spodek & Ben-Dov" authorityName="Spodek & Ben-Dov" box="[270,701,1953,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE3FFCC3830EABEFE7240C1" box="[270,485,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Kermes hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
Spodek & Ben-Dov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, general appearance;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE3FFCC3AA0EABDFC2640C1" bold="true" box="[926,945,1953,1975]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">a.</emphasis>
|
||
second-instar female;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE3FFCC3DA1EABDFB2440C1" bold="true" box="[1183,1203,1953,1975]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">b.</emphasis>
|
||
third-instar female;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE3FFCC3CB4EABDFA0B40C1" bold="true" box="[1418,1436,1953,1975]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">c.</emphasis>
|
||
young adult female;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE3FFCC3858EADCFEED40A0" bold="true" box="[358,378,1984,2006]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">d.</emphasis>
|
||
gravid female;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE3FFCC3B26EADCFDBD40A0" bold="true" box="[536,554,1984,2006]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">e.</emphasis>
|
||
female with eggs;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE3FFCC3BD6EADCFD6040A0" bold="true" box="[744,759,1984,2006]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">f.</emphasis>
|
||
second-instar male;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE3FFCC3AF6EADCFC4D40A0" bold="true" box="[968,986,1984,2006]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">g.</emphasis>
|
||
prepupa;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE3FFCC3D01EADCFBC440A0" bold="true" box="[1087,1107,1984,2006]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">h.</emphasis>
|
||
pupa;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE3FFCC3DA9EADCFB3240A0" bold="true" box="[1175,1189,1984,2006]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">i.</emphasis>
|
||
adult male, dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE3FFCC39A9EAC2FF324082" bold="true" box="[151,165,2014,2036]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">j.</emphasis>
|
||
adult male, ventral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE2FFCD39F9ED8BFE9147A3" blockId="49.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD39F9ED8BFE7647C6" bold="true" box="[199,481,151,176]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Margin. Marginal setae</emphasis>
|
||
conical, each 15 µm long, 10 µm wide at base, in a single complete row of 30–34 on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE2FFCD39F9EDC3FF6446A6" blockId="49.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD39F9EDC3FEE1478E" bold="true" box="[199,374,223,248]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Dorsum. Setae</emphasis>
|
||
of two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE2FFCD38F0EDFCFD9A478E" box="[462,525,224,248]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) conical setae, in submedial longitudinal lines of 5 setae extending from head apex to abdominal segment I, each seta 10 µm long, 7 µm wide at base, shorter than marginal setae; and (ii) tacklike setae, each 7 µm long, in medial longitudinal rows, extending from prothorax to anal ring, with 6–8 setae each row.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD39EEEC50FE554613" bold="true" box="[208,450,332,357]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Microtubular ducts,</emphasis>
|
||
each with a circular opening about 3 Μm diameter, inner ductule about 1 Μm long and outer ductule 0.5 Μm long, numerous, scattered between tubular ducts over entire dorsum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3DABEC73FAA946FE" bold="true" box="[1173,1342,367,392]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE2FFCD3C5AEC6CFA0B46FE" box="[1380,1436,368,392]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2, with inner ductule 8–10 µm long, inner cup 5 µm wide and outer ductule 10–14 µm long, abundant throughout dorsum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE2FFCD39F9ECC0FDDD4222" blockId="49.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD39F9ECC0FECB4683" bold="true" box="[199,348,476,501]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Venter. Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
circular, each 20–25 µm diameter, lateral to each scape.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3AC4ECC0FBF94683" bold="true" box="[1018,1134,476,501]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
7 segmented; total length 163–217 µm; segments III and VII longest; scape and pedicel each with 2 setose setae; segment III without setae; IV with 1 setose seta; V with 1 fleshy seta; VI with 1 fleshy seta and 1 setose seta and apical segment with 4 setose setae and 2 fleshy setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD388AEF5BFDC44516" bold="true" box="[436,595,583,608]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Frontal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
membranous, each 38–100 Μm long, 43–75 Μm wide; not always visible.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD39A9EF70FF5845F3" bold="true" box="[151,207,620,645]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
well-developed; measurements (in Μm) of metathoracic legs: coxa 60–100; trochanter + femur 135–150; tibia 55–85; tarsus 85–100 and claw 25–30; total length 330–410 Μm; trochanter with 2 oval sensory pores on each side; tarsal digitules 28–40 Μm long, knobbed apically; claw digitules knobbed apically, each 25–35 Μm long, extending beyond claw apex; each claw with a denticle.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3BF8EFCBFCD34586" bold="true" box="[710,836,727,752]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Tentorium</emphasis>
|
||
113–125 µm long, 100–130 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3C1CEFCBFA164586" bold="true" box="[1314,1409,727,752]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
3 segmented, triangular, 100–125 µm long, 68–80 µm wide; labial setae setose as follows: basal segment with 2 pairs about 13 µm long; median segment with 1 pair 20 µm long, and apical segment with 4 pairs, each 8 µm long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD39A9EE58FE93442B" bold="true" box="[151,260,836,861]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Spiracles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal in size, each peritreme 10–15 Μm wide, with sclerosis 25–38 µm long; each spiracle with 5–8 quinquelocular pores, each 5 µm diameter, in a band from spiracle to margin of body.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3D4AEE7BFA8944F6" bold="true" box="[1140,1310,871,896]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Tubular ducts</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE2FFCD3C78EE74FAE944F6" box="[1350,1406,872,896]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
2, with outer ductule 10–14 Μm long, sclerotized cup about 5 Μm in diameter and inner ductule 8–10 Μm long, scattered in a complete submarginal band 1 or 2 ducts wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3A72EEB3FB9344BE" bold="true" box="[844,1028,943,968]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Bilocular pores</emphasis>
|
||
circular, in a complete submarginal band of 10–12 on each side.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD38EBEEC8FD77449B" bold="true" box="[469,736,980,1005]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Quinquelocular pores,</emphasis>
|
||
with 2 pairs of pores among setose setae anterior to tentorium, each 5 µm wide; also pairs medially and submedially on each abdominal segment, each 3 µm wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3C3EEEEBFA0B4366" bold="true" box="[1280,1436,1015,1040]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ventral setae</emphasis>
|
||
of four
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0ACECFFE2FFCD39D5E901FEBD4343" box="[235,298,1053,1077]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) setose setae: with 6 pairs medially, just anterior to tentorium, each 30–50 µm long; 4 setae mesad to each coxa, two 8–15 µm long and two 25–40 µm long; also abdominal segments II–VII each with a pair of setae 38 µm long medially, and a pair about 13 µm long submedially. Also with 2 pairs anterior to anal ring, each 10 µm long, and a pair posteriorly, each about 33 µm long; (ii) tack-like setae, in a complete submarginal row of 10–15, each 10 µm long; (iii) a pair of spinose setae, about 100 µm long, near posterior margin; and (iv) a pair of conical setae, similar to marginal setae, about 18 µm long, 7 µm wide posterior to anal ring, on body margin.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3C3DE9D3FA0B439E" bold="true" box="[1283,1436,1231,1256]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Microspines,</emphasis>
|
||
each about 3 µm long; arranged in groups of
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3BFABFFE2FFCD3BADE9E8FD4D427B" box="[659,730,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" metricValueMax="1.27" metricValueMin="0.762" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="in" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 in</quantity>
|
||
6–9 transverse rows on each abdominal segment and scattered on thorax.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3831E80BFE164246" bold="true" box="[271,385,1303,1328]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Anal ring</emphasis>
|
||
ventral, diameter 30–40 µm, composed of 2 semi-circles, each half with 3 spinose setae, each 32–45 µm long, and with 18–20 pores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE2FFCD39F9E843FB80417E" blockId="49.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD39F9E843FED8420E" bold="true" box="[199,335,1375,1400]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Other known Palaearctic second-instar male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3A71E87DFC33420E" box="[847,932,1377,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3A71E87DFC33420E" box="[847,932,1377,1400]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Kermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3D06E87DFB2F420E" box="[1080,1208,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bytinskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3D06E87DFB2F420E" box="[1080,1208,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. bytinskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(here made a junior synonym to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD381EE899FE0A42EB" box="[288,413,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahalali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD381EE899FE0A42EB" box="[288,413,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. nahalali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and redescribed in this study),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3BC6E899FBDB42EA" authority="Sternlicht, 1970" authorityName="Sternlicht" authorityYear="1970" box="[760,1100,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="williamsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3BC6E899FCE842EB" box="[760,895,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. williamsi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE2FFCD3AB3E898FBD242EA" author="Sternlicht" box="[909,1093,1412,1437]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Sternlicht, M. (1970) A new species of Kermes Boitard (Coccoidea, Kermesidae) from England on oak. Entomologist's Gazette, 23, 259 - 266." type="journal article" year="1970">Sternlicht, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3D69E899FA0B42EA" authority="Podsiadlo, 2012" authorityName="Podsiadlo" authorityYear="2012" box="[1111,1436,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3D69E899FB5842EA" box="[1111,1231,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. quercus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE2FFCD3DE3E898FA0242EA" author="Podsiadlo" box="[1245,1429,1412,1437]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Podsiadlo, E. (2012) Morphology of second instar nymphs of Kermes quercus (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Kermesidae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 81, 35 - 42. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2478 / v 10200 - 011 - 0061 - 9" type="journal article" year="2012">Podsiadlo, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD39F8E8B5FDD842B6" authority="Pellizzari et al., 2012" authorityName="Pellizzari et al." authorityYear="2012" box="[198,591,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD39F8E8B5FED342B6" box="[198,324,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE2FFCD386CE8BBFDDF42B6" author="Pellizzari" box="[338,584,1447,1472]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Pellizzari, G., Porcelli, F., Convertini, S. & Marotta, S. (2012) Description of nymphal instars and adult female of Kermes vermilio Planchon (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae), with a synopsis of the European and Mediterranean species. Zootaxa, 3336, 36 - 50." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Pellizzari
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD38FBE8B5FE6142B6" box="[453,502,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Those of
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3BFAE8B5FB1F42B6" box="[708,1160,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3BFAE8B5FCBA42B6" box="[708,813,1449,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">K. greeni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3A07E8B5FC7E42B6" box="[825,1001,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">K. hermonensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3ACBE8B5FB1F42B6" box="[1013,1160,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulatus">K. spatulatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3D80E8B5FAE442B6" box="[1214,1395,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3D80E8B5FAE442B6" box="[1214,1395,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">N. balachowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are described here. All but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3892E8D1FDAC4293" box="[428,571,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3892E8D1FDAC4293" box="[428,571,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3B47E8D1FD6D4293" box="[633,762,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3B47E8D1FD6D4293" box="[633,762,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clearly differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3ADBE8D1FB004293" box="[997,1175,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3ADBE8D1FB004293" box="[997,1175,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having long robust setose marginal setae, whereas those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3B6BE8EDFC94417E" box="[597,771,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3B6BE8EDFC94417E" box="[597,771,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are conical and spinose.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE2FFCD39F9EB08FC5B41CB" blockId="49.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Second-instar male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3894EB09FDA0415B" box="[426,567,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3894EB09FDA0415B" box="[426,567,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3B76EB09FD6F415B" box="[584,760,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3B76EB09FD6F415B" box="[584,760,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3A0DEB09FC24415B" box="[819,947,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3A0DEB09FC24415B" box="[819,947,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a pair of membranous, frontal lobes. The second-instar male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD38F6EB25FDEF4126" box="[456,632,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD38F6EB25FDEF4126" box="[456,632,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3A2CEB25FC084126" box="[786,927,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3A2CEB25FC084126" box="[786,927,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3AE7EB25FBCE4126" box="[985,1113,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3AE7EB25FBCE4126" box="[985,1113,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as follows (characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3CBCEB25FE944103" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3CBCEB25FE944103" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD387AEB41FE504103" box="[324,455,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD387AEB41FE504103" box="[324,455,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in brackets): (i) presence of quinquelocular pores on venter, anterior to tentorium (absent); (ii) 5–8 quinquelocular pores in each spiracular band (four in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3AFDEB9DFBC741EE" box="[963,1104,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3AFDEB9DFBC741EE" box="[963,1104,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. echinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and two in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3DE4EB9DFACE41EE" box="[1242,1369,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3DE4EB9DFACE41EE" box="[1242,1369,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. vermilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); and (iii) quinquelocular pores present in abdominal segments II–VII (absent).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4124EFFE2FFCD39F9EBDBFDE94019" blockId="49.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Of the known Nearctic second-instar males,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3BF6EBD5FCCF4196" box="[712,856,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cockerelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3BF6EBD5FCCF4196" box="[712,856,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. cockerelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3A57EBD5FB844196" box="[873,1043,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinnulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3A57EBD5FB844196" box="[873,1043,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. concinnulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3D71EBD5FB434196" box="[1103,1236,1737,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3D71EBD5FB434196" box="[1103,1236,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. rimarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have long setose marginal setae, and the tubular ducts and quinquelocular pores are scattered on both the dorsum and venter (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6FBFFFE2FFCD3C77EBF0FEC5405E" author="Baer" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Baer, R. G. & Kosztarab, M. (1985) Studies on the morphology and systematics of scale insects-No. 12. II. A morphological and systematic study of the first and second instars of the family Kermesidae in the Nearctic region (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and University Research Division, 85, 119 - 261." type="journal article" year="1985">Baer & Kosztarab, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3858EA0DFD83405E" box="[358,532,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3858EA0DFD83405E" box="[358,532,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has conical marginal setae, and, although it does have tubular ducts scattered on the dorsum, they are restricted to a narrow marginal band on the venter; in addition, the quinquelocular pores on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B69CDFFE2FFCD3CBCEA29FEB34006" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FCE5CFFE2FFCD3CBCEA29FEB34006" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K. hermonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are only present on the venter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |