346 lines
43 KiB
XML
346 lines
43 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="9CF0B329F22F7F08519E01580F8645B4">Review of archaic nymphomyiids (Diptera, Nymphomyiidae) of the Russian Far East and bordering territories, with describing of new taxa and DNA barcoding of known species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D418DCF7E52845C3C677164F39C4C3B7">Makarchenko, Eugenyi A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DCBA8C919BD7848DC658A25961F7E0BC">Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 let Vladivostoku 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6012F7C2D36C2497F56578255975E42B">Semenchenko, Alexander A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F73891D29CD1CFFCEA8A585F074FF43C">Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 let Vladivostoku 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B8B5832F6238B7322779EF6936B27E90">Yanygina, Lubov V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5A04048EE22CB439DC63E0E20BF6F479">Institute for Water and Environmental Problems, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Molodezhnaya Str. 1, 656038 Barnaul, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="5B31455007B082D33137874C6DF4CA18">Institute of Water and Ecology Problems, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dikopoltsev Str. 56, 680000 Khabarovsk, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="DEEC86A4F3F10372A61B838608E8D213">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="07E7B63D07D671C4D2A332066158BF61">2024</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2091DC4074E14FFF7D1485FCFEC2D2" ID-CoL="486RY" authority="Rohdendorf et Kalugina" authorityName="Rohdendorf et Kalugina" authorityYear="1974" box="[151,776,474,501]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphomyiidae" genus="Nymphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levanidovae">
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<emphasis id="B954364D4074E14FFF7D1485FE39C2D3" bold="true" box="[151,463,474,501]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Nymphomyia levanidovae</emphasis>
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Rohdendorf et Kalugina
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</emphasis>
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(
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)
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<taxonomicName id="4C2091DC4074E14FFF7D171CFCECC17D" ID-CoL="486RY" authority="Rohdendorf et Kalugina, 1974: 687" authorityName="Rohdendorf et Kalugina" authorityPageNumber="687" authorityYear="1974" box="[151,794,579,603]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphomyiidae" genus="Nymphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levanidovae">
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<emphasis id="B954364D4074E14FFF7D171CFE69C17D" box="[151,415,579,603]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Nymphomyia levanidovae</emphasis>
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Rohdendorf et Kalugina, 1974: 687
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A81CC4E4074E14FFCCC171CFB31C17D" author="Makarchenko, E. A. & Makarchenko, M. A." box="[806,1223,579,603]" page="92" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" year="1983">
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Makarchenko
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<emphasis id="B954364D4074E14FFA82171BFA60C17D" box="[1384,1430,579,603]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">et al</emphasis>
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. 1989: 15
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A81CC4E4074E14FFEC4173DFE1EC15C" author="Courtney, G. W." box="[302,488,610,634]" page="15" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" year="1994">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB197AE4074E14FFEC4173DFE1EC15C" author="Courtney, G. W." box="[302,488,610,634]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref16668" refString="Courtney, G. W. (1994) Biosystematics of the Nymphomyiidae (Insecta, Diptera): life history, morphology, and phylogenetic relationships. Smithsonian contributions to zoology, 550, 1 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.550" type="journal article" year="1994">Courtney 1994:15</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A81CC4E4074E14FFE19173DFD16C15C" author="Makarchenko, E. A." box="[499,736,610,634]" page="23" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" year="1996">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB197AE4074E14FFE19173DFD16C15C" author="Makarchenko, E. A." box="[499,736,610,634]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" pagination="22 - 25" refId="ref17005" refString="Makarchenko, E. A. (1996) Some remarks on distribution of the Far Eastern Nymphomyiidae (Diptera). Makunagi, 19, 22 - 25." type="journal article" year="1996">Makarchenko 1996: 23</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB197AE4074E14FFD01173DFCA2C15C" author="Makarchenko, E. A." box="[747,852,610,634]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" pagination="734 - 739" refId="ref17035" refString="Makarchenko, E. A. (2006) 8. Family Nymphomyiidae. In: Key to the Insects of Russian Far East. Vol. 6. Diptera and Siphonaptera. Pt. 4. Dal'nauka, Vladivostok, pp. 734 - 739. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="2006">2006: 739</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A81CC4E4074E14FFCB4173DFB21C15C" author="Makarchenko, E. A. & Gunderina, L. I." box="[862,1239,610,634]" page="75" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" year="2019">
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.
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<emphasis id="B954364D4074E14FFF7D17F7FE77C1E4" bold="true" box="[151,385,680,706]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Material examined.</emphasis>
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:
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males
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,
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<date id="FF9ECC9F4074E14FFC9C1793FC61C1C0" box="[886,919,716,742]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" value="1986-08-27">27.</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED31729A4074E14FFC7D1793FC3AC1C0" box="[919,972,716,742]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">VIII</collectionCode>
|
||
.1986,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B48E0024074E14FFBFD1793FB48C1C0" box="[1047,1214,716,743]" collectionCode="T" collectorName="Arefina" country="Russia" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" specimenCount="1">
|
||
leg.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED31729A4074E14FFBA21792FBACC1C1" box="[1096,1114,717,743]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">T</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D58F894074E14FFB8F1793FB48C1C0" box="[1125,1214,716,742]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Arefina</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2621D64074E14FFB211793FAD1C1C0" box="[1227,1319,716,742]" count="14" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" type="adult">14 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
males,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B48E0024074E14FFA6A1793FDFBC02C" collectionCode="T" collectorName="Arefina" country="Russia" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" specimenCount="12" specimenCount-female="12">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2621D64074E14FFA6A1793FF07C02C" count="12" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" type="female">12 females</specimenCount>
|
||
, the same data except
|
||
<date id="FF9ECC9F4074E14FFE1717AFFDFBC02C" box="[509,525,752,778]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" value="2012-06-03">3.</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED31729A4074E14FFDE717AFFDD8C02C" box="[525,558,752,778]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
.2012, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D58F894074E14FFD5917AFFCA7C02C" box="[691,849,752,778]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Makarchenko</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2621D64074E14FFCB517AFFC48C02C" box="[863,958,752,778]" count="23" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" type="adult">23 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
males,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B48E0024074E14FFBF117AFFF4FC008" collectionCode="T" collectorName="Arefina" country="Russia" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" specimenCount="16" specimenCount-female="16">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2621D64074E14FFBF117AFFB6DC02C" box="[1051,1179,752,778]" count="16" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" type="female">16 females</specimenCount>
|
||
, the same data except
|
||
<date id="FF9ECC9F4074E14FFF7D164BFF4FC008" box="[151,185,788,814]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" value="2013-08-26">26.</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED31729A4074E14FFF52164BFF1AC008" box="[184,236,788,814]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">VIII</collectionCode>
|
||
.2013, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D58F894074E14FFE84164AFDD9C008" box="[366,559,788,815]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">E. Makarchenko</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B48E0024074E14FFDD7164BFC2BC075" country="Russia" county="Bikin River" latitude="46.74073" location="Primorye Territory" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="137.3878" municipality="Zeva River" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2621D64074E14FFDD7164BFD78C008" box="[573,654,788,814]" count="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
male,
|
||
<location id="8EFFBC844074E14FFD0A164BFC40C008" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03895B494074E14DFF7D1485FDA9C18F:8EFFBC844074E14FFD0A164BFC40C008" box="[736,950,788,814]" country="Russia" county="Bikin River" latitude="46.74073" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="137.3878" municipality="Zeva River" name="Primorye Territory" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Primorye Territory</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFFBC844074E14FFC2F164BFB55C008" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03895B494074E14DFF7D1485FDA9C18F:8EFFBC844074E14FFC2F164BFB55C008" box="[965,1187,788,814]" country="Russia" county="Bikin River" latitude="46.74073" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="137.3878" municipality="Zeva River" name="Pozharskyi District" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Pozharskyi District</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFFBC844074E14FFB45164BFA6EC008" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03895B494074E14DFF7D1485FDA9C18F:8EFFBC844074E14FFB45164BFA6EC008" box="[1199,1432,788,814]" country="Russia" county="Bikin River" latitude="46.74073" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="137.3878" municipality="Zeva River" name="Antonovskyi Spring" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Antonovskyi Spring</location>
|
||
, tributary
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFB70254074E14FFF151666FE88C074" box="[255,382,824,851]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Zeva River</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, (
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FE92D34074E14FFE7A1667FDE3C074" box="[400,533,824,850]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Bikin River</collectingCounty>
|
||
basin),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE148C984074E14FFD851667FCF2C075" box="[623,772,824,851]" degrees="46.740729" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" precision="1" value="46.74073">46.740729 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE148C984074E14FFCE51667FC58C075" box="[783,942,824,851]" degrees="137.387804" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" precision="1" value="137.3878">137.387804 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9ECC9F4074E14FFC501667FC2BC075" box="[954,989,824,851]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" value="1995-07-24">24.</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED31729A4074E14FFC361667FBF1C075" box="[988,1031,824,851]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">VII</collectionCode>
|
||
.1995,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B48E0024074E14FFBBB1667FB0BC074" box="[1105,1277,824,851]" collectionCode="T" collectorName="Tiunova" country="Russia" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" specimenCount="1">
|
||
leg.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED31729A4074E14FFB6B1666FB65C075" box="[1153,1171,825,851]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">T</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D58F894074E14FFB771667FB0BC074" box="[1181,1277,824,850]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Tiunova</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FEA5F4074E14FFF2D1603FF26C0BD" blockId="20.[151,1437,680,1931]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954364D4074E14FFF2D1603FEB2C050" box="[199,324,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Adult male</emphasis>
|
||
(n=10). Pale gray, slightly chitinized. Total length 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CD847BA4074E14FFC261603FBDEC051" box="[972,1064,860,887]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
; total length/ wing length 1.09– 1.45.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FEA5F4074E14FFF2D16FBFF06C7F8" blockId="20.[151,1437,680,1931]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">
|
||
Head 180–213 µm long and 136–148 µm wide, 1.3–1.4 times longer than wide, gradually narrower anteriorly and ends with a rostrum, which is not expanded distally, its anterior edge is straight or slightly rounded, as in the previous species when viewed from the side, it is slightly curved ventrally in the form of a beak; rostrum dorsally with 7 pairs of setae. The compound eyes on the dorsal side of the head are widely spaced, the distance between them is 2.5–2.6 times the width of the rostrum end; on the ventral side the compound eyes are not fused with each other. Antenna 154–172 µm long, length of 1
|
||
<superScript id="7C5547174074E14FFD771107FD5EC740" attach="left" box="[669,680,1112,1126]" fontSize="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">st</superScript>
|
||
segment 28–40 µm, 2
|
||
<superScript id="7C5547174074E14FFC401107FC4CC740" attach="none" box="[938,954,1112,1126]" fontSize="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">nd</superScript>
|
||
—20–22 µm; 3
|
||
<superScript id="7C5547174074E14FFB831107FB81C740" attach="left" box="[1129,1143,1112,1126]" fontSize="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">rd</superScript>
|
||
segment 86–92 µm long, widening towards the apex, with a terminal sensilla consisting of three rod-shaped structures, the largest of which is 14 µm long; antenna 0.78–0.81 times shorter than the head. Labium with a rounded anterior edge, as in the previous species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FEA5F4074E14FFF2D11B7FA81C600" blockId="20.[151,1437,680,1931]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">
|
||
Thorax
|
||
<quantity id="4CD847BA4074E14FFEF511B7FE34C625" box="[287,450,1256,1283]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="6.1" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="0.615" valueMax="0.62" valueMin="0.61">0.61–0.62 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; wing
|
||
<quantity id="4CD847BA4074E14FFDA311B7FD26C625" box="[585,720,1256,1283]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.7">1.7–1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, maximum width
|
||
<quantity id="4CD847BA4074E14FFC3C11B7FB8DC625" box="[982,1147,1256,1283]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="0.285" valueMax="0.31" valueMin="0.26">0.26–0.31 mm</quantity>
|
||
, boomerang-shaped, with reduced venation, along the margin with long whip-like setae
|
||
<quantity id="4CD847BA4074E14FFCA61053FC19C601" box="[844,1007,1292,1319]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="0.335" valueMax="0.39" valueMin="0.28">0.28–0.39 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; halteres
|
||
<quantity id="4CD847BA4074E14FFB7F1053FACEC601" box="[1173,1336,1292,1319]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="0.205" valueMax="0.22" valueMin="0.19">0.19–0.22 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FEA5F4074E14FFF2D106FFDC6C504" blockId="20.[151,1437,680,1931]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">
|
||
Terminalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131BF6DA4074E14FFEA4106FFE54C66C" box="[334,418,1328,1354]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–45" captionStartId="21.[152,270,1859,1883]" captionTargetBox="[159,1418,183,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-18@21.[151,1436,181,1835]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 43–45. Adult male (43) and female (44–45) terminalia of Nymphomyia levanidovae Rohdendorf et Kalugina, in ventral view. For abbreviations see Figs. 11–16, 30–42. Scale bars—50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231491/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdomen length
|
||
<quantity id="4CD847BA4074E14FFD99106FFCEEC66D" box="[627,792,1328,1355]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.57" metricValueMax="1.82" metricValueMin="1.32" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="1.57" valueMax="1.82" valueMin="1.32">1.32–1.82 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Segment VIII with a pair of unsclerotized, wide and short internal paratergal projections, equipped at the base with 2–3 close rounded sclerotized tubercles, as well as a pair of sclerotized bare and long (112–116 µm), weakly curved and rounded lateral paratergal projections at the apex, with large basal tubercles 24–32 µm long and protruding to the sides (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131BF6DA4074E14FFC9410C3FC22C690" box="[894,980,1436,1462]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–45" captionStartId="21.[152,270,1859,1883]" captionTargetBox="[159,1418,183,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-18@21.[151,1436,181,1835]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 43–45. Adult male (43) and female (44–45) terminalia of Nymphomyia levanidovae Rohdendorf et Kalugina, in ventral view. For abbreviations see Figs. 11–16, 30–42. Scale bars—50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231491/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cerci triangular, pubescent, 92–96 µm long; gonocoxite is arcuate, 140–160 µm long, 1.7–2.0 times longer than gonostylus; gonostylus 72–84 µm long, slightly curved, wider and pubescent basally, glabrous and narrow distally; aedeagus 20–24 µm long, 32–36 µm wide, with a rounded apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131BF6DA4074E14FFE251357FDD5C504" box="[463,547,1544,1570]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–45" captionStartId="21.[152,270,1859,1883]" captionTargetBox="[159,1418,183,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-18@21.[151,1436,181,1835]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 43–45. Adult male (43) and female (44–45) terminalia of Nymphomyia levanidovae Rohdendorf et Kalugina, in ventral view. For abbreviations see Figs. 11–16, 30–42. Scale bars—50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231491/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FEA5F4074E14FFF2D1373FF26C54C" blockId="20.[151,1437,680,1931]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954364D4074E14FFF2D1373FEA1C560" box="[199,343,1580,1606]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Adult female</emphasis>
|
||
(n=8) is generally similar to the male. Total length
|
||
<quantity id="4CD847BA4074E14FFC4C1373FBC7C561" box="[934,1073,1580,1607]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="2.2">2.2–2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
; total length/ wing length 1.25– 1.77.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FEA5F4074E14FFF2D132BFABFC594" blockId="20.[151,1437,680,1931]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Head 197–205 µm long and 140 µm wide. The distance between the compound eyes dorsally 3.5–4.0 times the width of end of rostrum. Antenna, like that of a male, 110–116 µm long, 0.75–0.80 times shorter than head.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FEA5F4074E14FFF2D13E3FB45C5F1" blockId="20.[151,1437,680,1931]" box="[199,1203,1724,1751]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">
|
||
Thorax
|
||
<quantity id="4CD847BA4074E14FFEF513E3FE34C5F1" box="[287,450,1724,1751]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.05" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="5.699999999999999" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="0.605" valueMax="0.64" valueMin="0.57">0.57–0.64 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Wing length
|
||
<quantity id="4CD847BA4074E14FFD7313E3FCC8C5F1" box="[665,830,1724,1751]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.66" metricValueMax="1.76" metricValueMin="1.56" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="1.66" valueMax="1.76" valueMin="1.56">1.56–1.76 mm</quantity>
|
||
, maximum width
|
||
<quantity id="4CD847BA4074E14FFBE313E3FB59C5F1" box="[1033,1199,1724,1751]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="0.22" valueMax="0.24" valueMin="0.2">0.20–0.24 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FEA5F4074E14FFF2D13BFFCF0C4AD" blockId="20.[151,1437,680,1931]" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">
|
||
Terminalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131BF6DA4074E14FFEA513BFFE2EC5DD" box="[335,472,1760,1787]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–45" captionStartId="21.[152,270,1859,1883]" captionTargetBox="[159,1418,183,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-18@21.[151,1436,181,1835]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 43–45. Adult male (43) and female (44–45) terminalia of Nymphomyia levanidovae Rohdendorf et Kalugina, in ventral view. For abbreviations see Figs. 11–16, 30–42. Scale bars—50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231491/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Figs. 44–45</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdomen length
|
||
<quantity id="4CD847BA4074E14FFD4013BFFCA6C5DD" box="[682,848,1760,1787]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.565" metricValueMax="1.61" metricValueMin="1.52" pageId="20" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="1.565" valueMax="1.61" valueMin="1.52">1.52–1.61 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Segment VIII distally with a pair of paratergal nasal projections, 26–28 μm long, and pair of wide and long lateral lobe-shaped projections, 68–70 μm long, directed posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131BF6DA4074E14FFEC81277FE59C465" box="[290,431,1832,1859]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–45" captionStartId="21.[152,270,1859,1883]" captionTargetBox="[159,1418,183,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-18@21.[151,1436,181,1835]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 43–45. Adult male (43) and female (44–45) terminalia of Nymphomyia levanidovae Rohdendorf et Kalugina, in ventral view. For abbreviations see Figs. 11–16, 30–42. Scale bars—50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231491/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Figs. 44–45</figureCitation>
|
||
). The median process of sternite IX is elongated, with rounded apex, along the edge of which there are 4 short setae (µm) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131BF6DA4074E14FFDCC1213FD46C441" box="[550,688,1868,1895]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–45" captionStartId="21.[152,270,1859,1883]" captionTargetBox="[159,1418,183,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-18@21.[151,1436,181,1835]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 43–45. Adult male (43) and female (44–45) terminalia of Nymphomyia levanidovae Rohdendorf et Kalugina, in ventral view. For abbreviations see Figs. 11–16, 30–42. Scale bars—50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231491/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="203">Figs. 44–45</figureCitation>
|
||
). The last segment of the abdomen bears elongated triangular cerci with rounded apices, 84–88 µm long, with sparse setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF5FBAD74075E14EFF72121CFC7BC459" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231491" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11231491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231491/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="204" startId="21.[152,270,1859,1883]" targetBox="[159,1418,183,1817]" targetPageId="21" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FEA5F4075E14EFF72121CFC7BC459" blockId="21.[151,1437,1859,1919]" pageId="21" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954364D4075E14EFF72121CFEAAC47D" bold="true" box="[152,348,1859,1883]" pageId="21" pageNumber="204">FIGURES 43–45.</emphasis>
|
||
Adult male
|
||
<emphasis id="B954364D4075E14EFE35121CFDFEC47D" bold="true" box="[479,520,1859,1883]" pageId="21" pageNumber="204">(43)</emphasis>
|
||
and female
|
||
<emphasis id="B954364D4075E14EFD61121CFD2DC47D" bold="true" box="[651,731,1859,1883]" pageId="21" pageNumber="204">(44–45)</emphasis>
|
||
terminalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2091DC4075E14EFC9A121CFA8AC47D" authority="Rohdendorf et Kalugina" authorityName="Rohdendorf et Kalugina" authorityYear="1974" box="[880,1404,1859,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphomyiidae" genus="Nymphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levanidovae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954364D4075E14EFC9A121CFB8EC47D" box="[880,1144,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="204">Nymphomyia levanidovae</emphasis>
|
||
Rohdendorf et Kalugina
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in ventral view. For abbreviations see Figs. 11–16, 30–42. Scale bars—50 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AB9D44076E14DFF2D15C8FB52C147" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FEA5F4076E14DFF2D15C8FB52C147" blockId="22.[151,1436,150,681]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954364D4076E14DFF2D15C8FE4FC396" bold="true" box="[199,441,150,177]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">Ecology and biology</emphasis>
|
||
. As a result of hydrobiological research in Southern Primorye
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2091DC4076E14DFB9315C8FAD7C397" authorityName="Rohdendorf et Kalugina" authorityYear="1974" box="[1145,1313,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphomyiidae" genus="Nymphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levanidovae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954364D4076E14DFB9315C8FAD7C397" box="[1145,1313,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">N. levanidovae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found in the Kedrovaya River of Kedrovaya Pad Nature Reserve in Khasansk District (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131BF6DA4076E14DFBF015E4FB9BC3F3" box="[1050,1133,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–57" captionStartId="24.[152,270,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,181,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-20@24.[153,1434,181,1618]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 52–57. Localities of Nymphomyia alba Tokunaga (52–53), N. kaluginae Makarchenko (54), N. levanidovae Rohdendorf et Kalugina (55), and N. kannasatoi Makarchenko et Gunderina (56–57). 52, Monobe River, Honshu, Japan (photo by S. Sato); 53, Prozrachnyi Stream, Kunashir Island, Russia (photo by M. Astakhov); 54, Bolshoi Garmakan River, Zeya River basin (photo by E. Makarchenko); 55, Kedrovaya River, South Primorye (photo by E. Makarchenko); 56, Kanna River, Honshu, Japan (photo by S. Sato); 57, Belaya River, South Sakhalin (photo by E. Makarchenko)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231496/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
|
||
), in connection with which it was possible to study its biology. Quantitative collections and observations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2091DC4076E14DFBF11580FB34C3DF" authorityName="Rohdendorf et Kalugina" authorityYear="1974" box="[1051,1218,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphomyiidae" genus="Nymphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levanidovae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954364D4076E14DFBF11580FB34C3DF" box="[1051,1218,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">N. levanidovae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were carried out in the Kedrovaya River from
|
||
<date id="FF9ECC9F4076E14DFE2A145CFD46C23B" box="[448,688,259,285]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" value="1978-05" valueMax="1978-10-31" valueMin="1978-05-00">May to October 1978</date>
|
||
, from
|
||
<date id="FF9ECC9F4076E14DFD1C145CFC9EC23B" box="[758,872,259,285]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" value="1979-06">June 1979</date>
|
||
to
|
||
<date id="FF9ECC9F4076E14DFC62145CFBE0C23B" box="[904,1046,259,285]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" value="1980-08">August 1980</date>
|
||
and in
|
||
<date id="FF9ECC9F4076E14DFB8C145CFB2CC23B" box="[1126,1242,259,285]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" value="1981-06">June 1981</date>
|
||
. It turned out that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2091DC4076E14DFF7D1478FEB6C267" authorityName="Rohdendorf et Kalugina" authorityYear="1974" box="[151,320,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphomyiidae" genus="Nymphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levanidovae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954364D4076E14DFF7D1478FEB6C267" box="[151,320,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">N. levanidovae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a bivoltine life cycle. Mass emergence of adults of the first generation occurs from the end of May to the beginning of July at a water temperature of 10.2–19 °C, of the second generation—from early September to early November at a water temperature of 8.5–13.8 °C. Adults are also found during the period between mass flights. After emergence, nymphomyiids swarm above the water at a height of about
|
||
<quantity id="4CD847BA4076E14DFBA514CCFB8AC28B" box="[1103,1148,403,429]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
|
||
, here they copulate in the air, then the copulating pairs descend onto damp stones in a watercourse or the surface of the water, lose their wings, plunge into the water and for some time (at least a few hours) live at the bottom of the river. At this time the female lays eggs. Swarming of nymphomyids occurs during sunset. The larvae lead an active lifestyle, moving along the stones with the help of abdominal pseudopods. The larvae feed on microscopic algae, which they scrape from the surface of stones. Pupae and adult insects do not feed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB197AE4076E14DFD111718FB61C147" author="Makarchenko, E. A. & Makarchenko, M. A." box="[763,1175,583,609]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" pagination="92 - 95" refId="ref17180" refString="Makarchenko, E. A. & Makarchenko, M. A. (1983) Archaic dipteran nymphomyiids (Diptera, Nymphomyiidae) from the Far East of USSR. In: Diptera insects, their systematic, geographical distribution and ecology. Zoologucal Institute AN SSSR, Leningrad, pp. 92 - 95." type="book chapter" year="1983">Makarchenko & Makarchenko 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AB9D44076E14DFF2D1735FDA9C18F" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FEA5F4076E14DFF2D1735FDA9C18F" blockId="22.[151,1436,150,681]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954364D4076E14DFF2D1735FE97C1A2" bold="true" box="[199,353,618,644]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2091DC4076E14DFE821734FDF9C1A3" authorityName="Rohdendorf et Kalugina" authorityYear="1974" box="[360,527,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphomyiidae" genus="Nymphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levanidovae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954364D4076E14DFE821734FDF9C1A3" box="[360,527,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">N. levanidovae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from South Primorye of the Russian Far East and upper stream of Bikin River (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E424BD4076E14DFEC317D0FE9AC18F" box="[297,364,655,681]" country="Russia" name="Amur" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">Amur</collectingRegion>
|
||
River basin) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131BF6DA4076E14DFDE617D0FDA4C18F" box="[524,594,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[152,255,1811,1835]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,195,1781]" captionTargetId="figure-20@2.[151,1435,181,1787]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Map of nymphomyiid localities in the Russian Far East and bordering territories." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231457" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231457/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |