185 lines
44 KiB
XML
185 lines
44 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="492AB843D094D2235C63CE0F89FAABBB">External egg structure of the Pentatomidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) and the search for characters with phylogenetic importance</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6EB9FCD88145998E0B235C150256D9DC">Matesco, Viviana Cauduro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B97FD82E264A08FE4083429EB1B350F8">Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gançalves, 9500, Bloco IV, Prédio 43435, 91501 - 970. Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="48EA2430CD15C4567BAE0E137362967F">Bianchi, Filipe Michels</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="78F98C4192595BEA19AA6C9BE2C6D730">Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gançalves, 9500, Bloco IV, Prédio 43435, 91501 - 970. Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="76B9F5478094EB83D4D5463DD1064994" type="email">bianchi.fm@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="5FDB9543206BB5BFD731C499C81649C7">Fürstenau, Brenda Bianca Rodrigues Jesse</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5E99E9B539AE2D5090A044CD82704E33">Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gançalves, 9500, Bloco IV, Prédio 43435, 91501 - 970. Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7519FA638E382887677C6477062C5C68" type="email">brendabianca@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="13BC3489E266A93ADD0C9A2345FDF114">Silva, Priscila Poock Da</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="27FAAC3683E001DEE41CD7CC40DD52C0">Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gançalves, 9500, Bloco IV, Prédio 43435, 91501 - 970. Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FA3F0A6D5D6435B0749181A7B3F0D3A6" type="email">pripoock@terra.com.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="713C2B030FBBF15F293AFA1126EEB0CB">Campos, Luiz Alexandre</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DBAA9A3F45229170C2F581857F838BE9">Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gançalves, 9500, Bloco IV, Prédio 43435, 91501 - 970. Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="723628D1643BB16BA44047D12778F6B3" type="email">luiz.campos@ufrgs.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F89CF9D8CDAF0D3B5F6D953B78E4FE9B">Grazia, Jocelia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="31C18F5F79F1827FF29CDCD8768506CE">Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gançalves, 9500, Bloco IV, Prédio 43435, 91501 - 970. Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6ACF905D912C49ABB5C953D66F3F6A1F" type="email">jocelia@ufrgs.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="37FD3311A56BE16DA8A1A9EB576FE7C6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="17A5D907BC6526EB468F2F3A90615A96">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1059F9ABA0A834D3DAEB239CC5D713FC">2014-02-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="97E04A7D5E9C3FFAD225423DE5B94E70">3768</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="230A752664D41A6CF894FABF4A332AD3" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3768.3.5</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A487D39A31033AE49726D9EC8AFAA0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119416357" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A487D39A31033AE49726D9EC8AFAA0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A487D39A31033AE49726D9EC8AFAA0" lastPageNumber="368" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">
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<paragraph id="8BB236C59A31033AE49726D9EA3BFCE8" blockId="17.[151,1386,738,832]" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">
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<heading id="D0FA81A99A31033AE49726D9EA3BFCE8" bold="true" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D469A31033AE49726D9EA0CFD0B" authority="Stal, 1854" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1854" box="[151,528,738,764]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Chinavia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armigera">
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<emphasis id="B979EAD79A31033AE49726D9E960FD0B" bold="true" box="[151,380,738,764]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Chinavia armigera</emphasis>
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(Stål, 1854)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D469A31033AE61E26D9EBB0FD0B" authority="Rolston, 1983" authorityName="Rolston" authorityYear="1983" box="[542,940,738,764]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Chinavia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aseada">
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<emphasis id="B979EAD79A31033AE61E26D9EAFBFD0B" bold="true" box="[542,743,738,764]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Chinavia aseada</emphasis>
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(Rolston, 1983)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D469A31033AE7BA26D9ED7FFD0B" authority="Rolston, 1983" authorityName="Rolston" authorityYear="1983" box="[954,1379,738,764]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Chinavia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brasicola">
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<emphasis id="B979EAD79A31033AE7BA26D9EC83FD0B" bold="true" box="[954,1183,738,764]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Chinavia brasicola</emphasis>
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(Rolston, 1983)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D469A31033AE497273EEA3BFCE8" authority="Dallas, 1851" authorityName="Dallas" authorityYear="1851" box="[151,551,773,799]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Chinavia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="runaspis">
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<emphasis id="B979EAD79A31033AE497273EE969FCE8" bold="true" box="[151,373,773,799]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Chinavia runaspis</emphasis>
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(Dallas, 1851)
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C317654E9A31033AE497271CE9A6FCB7" box="[151,442,807,832]" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB236C59A31033AE497271CE9A6FCB7" blockId="17.[151,1386,738,832]" box="[151,442,807,832]" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE49F271CE917FCB7" box="[159,267,807,832]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 12" captionStartId="12.[151,263,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[190,1383,193,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[190,1384,193,1787]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 12. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with stereomicroscopy. Fig. 1. Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas), egg mass, anterior view. Fig. 2. Euschistus (Lycipta) riograndensis Weiler & Grazia, lateral view. Fig. 3. Euschistus (Mitripus) paranticus Grazia, lateral view. Figs. 4 and 5. Mormidea cornicollis Stål. Fig. 4. Newly laid eggs, anterior view. Fig. 5. Fertile eggs, anterior view. Fig. 6. Chinavia armigera (Stål), fertile eggs, anterior view. Fig. 7. Chinavia aseada (Rolston), lateral view. Fig. 8. Chinavia brasicola (Rolston), anterior view. Fig. 9. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas), anterior view. Fig. 10. Banasa induta Stål, lateral view. Fig. 11. Serdia apicicornis Stål, anterior view. Fig. 12. Thoreyella maracaja Bernardes, Schwertner & Grazia, lateral view. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252048/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Figs. 6–9</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE516271CE943FCB7" box="[278,351,807,832]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 37 – 48" captionStart-1="FIGURES 49 – 60" captionStart-2="FIGURES 61 – 72" captionStartId-0="16.[151,263,1848,1870]" captionStartId-1="18.[151,263,1755,1777]" captionStartId-2="19.[151,263,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox-0="[181,1405,193,1826]" captionTargetBox-1="[214,1372,187,1731]" captionTargetBox-2="[190,1395,193,1797]" captionTargetId-0="figure@16.[181,1405,193,1827]" captionTargetId-1="figure@18.[214,1372,187,1733]" captionTargetId-2="figure@19.[190,1395,193,1798]" captionTargetPageId-0="16" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionTargetPageId-2="19" captionText-0="FIGURES 37 – 48. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with SEM. Figs. 37 and 38. Euschistus (Lycipta) riograndensis Weiler & Grazia. Fig. 37. Magnification of the lateral wall. Fig. 38. Detail of the lateral wall, showing the AMP. Figs. 39 – 42. Euschistus (Mitripus) paranticus Grazia. Fig. 39. Lateral view. Fig. 40. Anterior view. Fig. 41. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the AMP. Fig. 42. Detail of AMP. Figs. 43 – 46. Mormidea cornicollis Stål. Fig. 43. Lateral view. Fig. 44. Anterior view. Fig. 45. Magnification of anterior pole. Fig. 46. Detail of AMP. Figs. 47 and 48. Chinavia armigera (Stål). Fig 47. Lateral view. Fig. 48. Anterior view. Abbreviations: amp – aero-micropylar process, lw – lateral wall." captionText-1="FIGURES 49 – 60. Eggs of Chinavia spp. viewed with SEM. Figs. 49 – 51. Chinavia armigera (Stål). Fig. 49. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the polygonal cells projected inward in a funnel. Fig. 50. Detail of the anterior pole. Fig. 51. Detail of the anterior pole, showing the eclosion line, the AMP, and the connector sheets (asterisks). Figs. 52 – 55. Chinavia aseada (Rolston). Fig. 52. Lateral view. Fig. 53. Anterior view. Fig. 54. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the AMP and the connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 55. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line, the AMP, and the connector sheets (asterisks). Figs. 56 – 59. Chinavia brasicola (Rolston). Fig. 56. Lateral view. Fig. 57. Anterior view. Fig. 58. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the AMP and the connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 59. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig 60. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas), lateral view. Abbreviations: amp—aeromicropylar process, ec—eclosion line, lw—lateral wall." captionText-2="FIGURES 61 – 72. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with SEM. Figs. 61 – 65. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas). Fig. 61. Anterior view. Fig. 62. Magnification of anterior pole. Fig. 63. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig. 64. Detail of AMP and connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 65. Detail of AMP surface. Figs. 66 – 69. Banasa induta Stål. Fig. 66. Lateral view. Fig. 67. Anterior view. Fig. 68. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the AMP. Fig. 69. Detail of AMP surface. Figs. 70 – 72. Serdia apicicornis Stål. Fig 70. Lateral view. Fig. 71. Anterior view. Fig. 72. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Abbreviations: amp—aero-micropylar process, ec—eclosion line, lw—lateral wall." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/252051/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/252052/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/252053/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">47–65</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="C68F037E9A31033AE56B271CE9AEFCB7" box="[363,434,807,832]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,235,152,174]" captionTargetBox="[159,1401,201,1903]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements of the eggs of species of the Pentatomidae (SD, standard deviation)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF72664D9A290322E49724A3EC49FF59" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" tableUuid="DF72664D9A290322E49724A3EC49FF59">Tab. 2</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C317654E9A31033AE4972750EC8AFAA0" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BB236C59A31033AE4972750E8CEFBC0" blockId="17.[151,1436,874,1367]" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">
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Eggs barrel-shaped; light brown prior to embryonic development; operculum round and convex; chorion light brown, reticulated, and usually opaque (
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<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE65D27B5EAD6FC50" box="[605,714,910,935]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 12" captionStartId="12.[151,263,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[190,1383,193,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[190,1384,193,1787]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 12. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with stereomicroscopy. Fig. 1. Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas), egg mass, anterior view. Fig. 2. Euschistus (Lycipta) riograndensis Weiler & Grazia, lateral view. Fig. 3. Euschistus (Mitripus) paranticus Grazia, lateral view. Figs. 4 and 5. Mormidea cornicollis Stål. Fig. 4. Newly laid eggs, anterior view. Fig. 5. Fertile eggs, anterior view. Fig. 6. Chinavia armigera (Stål), fertile eggs, anterior view. Fig. 7. Chinavia aseada (Rolston), lateral view. Fig. 8. Chinavia brasicola (Rolston), anterior view. Fig. 9. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas), anterior view. Fig. 10. Banasa induta Stål, lateral view. Fig. 11. Serdia apicicornis Stål, anterior view. Fig. 12. Thoreyella maracaja Bernardes, Schwertner & Grazia, lateral view. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252048/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Figs. 7–9</figureCitation>
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), shiny in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D469A31033AE74127B4EBD7FC51" box="[833,971,911,934]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Chinavia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armigera">
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<emphasis id="B979EAD79A31033AE74127B4EBD7FC51" box="[833,971,911,934]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">C. armigera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE7DC27B5EC3DFC50" box="[988,1057,910,935]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 12" captionStartId="12.[151,263,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[190,1383,193,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[190,1384,193,1787]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 12. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with stereomicroscopy. Fig. 1. Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas), egg mass, anterior view. Fig. 2. Euschistus (Lycipta) riograndensis Weiler & Grazia, lateral view. Fig. 3. Euschistus (Mitripus) paranticus Grazia, lateral view. Figs. 4 and 5. Mormidea cornicollis Stål. Fig. 4. Newly laid eggs, anterior view. Fig. 5. Fertile eggs, anterior view. Fig. 6. Chinavia armigera (Stål), fertile eggs, anterior view. Fig. 7. Chinavia aseada (Rolston), lateral view. Fig. 8. Chinavia brasicola (Rolston), anterior view. Fig. 9. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas), anterior view. Fig. 10. Banasa induta Stål, lateral view. Fig. 11. Serdia apicicornis Stål, anterior view. Fig. 12. Thoreyella maracaja Bernardes, Schwertner & Grazia, lateral view. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252048/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The eclosion line evident under SM and indicated as a smooth band delimited by the AMPs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE7392789EBA3FC3C" box="[825,959,946,971]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 12" captionStartId="12.[151,263,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[190,1383,193,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[190,1384,193,1787]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 12. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with stereomicroscopy. Fig. 1. Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas), egg mass, anterior view. Fig. 2. Euschistus (Lycipta) riograndensis Weiler & Grazia, lateral view. Fig. 3. Euschistus (Mitripus) paranticus Grazia, lateral view. Figs. 4 and 5. Mormidea cornicollis Stål. Fig. 4. Newly laid eggs, anterior view. Fig. 5. Fertile eggs, anterior view. Fig. 6. Chinavia armigera (Stål), fertile eggs, anterior view. Fig. 7. Chinavia aseada (Rolston), lateral view. Fig. 8. Chinavia brasicola (Rolston), anterior view. Fig. 9. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas), anterior view. Fig. 10. Banasa induta Stål, lateral view. Fig. 11. Serdia apicicornis Stål, anterior view. Fig. 12. Thoreyella maracaja Bernardes, Schwertner & Grazia, lateral view. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252048/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Figs. 6, 8, 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). With the development of the embryo, the red eyes of the nymph become evident through the chorion (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE74627EDEB90FC18" box="[838,908,982,1007]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 12" captionStartId="12.[151,263,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[190,1383,193,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[190,1384,193,1787]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 12. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with stereomicroscopy. Fig. 1. Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas), egg mass, anterior view. Fig. 2. Euschistus (Lycipta) riograndensis Weiler & Grazia, lateral view. Fig. 3. Euschistus (Mitripus) paranticus Grazia, lateral view. Figs. 4 and 5. Mormidea cornicollis Stål. Fig. 4. Newly laid eggs, anterior view. Fig. 5. Fertile eggs, anterior view. Fig. 6. Chinavia armigera (Stål), fertile eggs, anterior view. Fig. 7. Chinavia aseada (Rolston), lateral view. Fig. 8. Chinavia brasicola (Rolston), anterior view. Fig. 9. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas), anterior view. Fig. 10. Banasa induta Stål, lateral view. Fig. 11. Serdia apicicornis Stål, anterior view. Fig. 12. Thoreyella maracaja Bernardes, Schwertner & Grazia, lateral view. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252048/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The aero-micropylar processes are circularly arranged in a row around the anterior pole, clubbed, and translucent (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D469A31033AE79927C0EC14FBE4" box="[921,1032,1018,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Chinavia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aseada">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAD79A31033AE79927C0EC14FBE4" box="[921,1032,1018,1043]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">C. aseada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) to white (remaining species) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE16327C1E8D9FBC0" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 12" captionStartId="12.[151,263,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[190,1383,193,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[190,1384,193,1787]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 12. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with stereomicroscopy. Fig. 1. Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas), egg mass, anterior view. Fig. 2. Euschistus (Lycipta) riograndensis Weiler & Grazia, lateral view. Fig. 3. Euschistus (Mitripus) paranticus Grazia, lateral view. Figs. 4 and 5. Mormidea cornicollis Stål. Fig. 4. Newly laid eggs, anterior view. Fig. 5. Fertile eggs, anterior view. Fig. 6. Chinavia armigera (Stål), fertile eggs, anterior view. Fig. 7. Chinavia aseada (Rolston), lateral view. Fig. 8. Chinavia brasicola (Rolston), anterior view. Fig. 9. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas), anterior view. Fig. 10. Banasa induta Stål, lateral view. Fig. 11. Serdia apicicornis Stål, anterior view. Fig. 12. Thoreyella maracaja Bernardes, Schwertner & Grazia, lateral view. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252048/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Figs. 6–9</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236C59A31033AE4C72079EC8AFAA0" blockId="17.[151,1436,874,1367]" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">
|
||
The chorion surface of all species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D469A31033AE6732079EB3FFBAC" authority="Orian" authorityName="Orian" box="[627,803,1090,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Chinavia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="368" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAD79A31033AE6732079EAC6FBAC" box="[627,730,1090,1115]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Chinavia</emphasis>
|
||
Orian
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
studied here is reticulated under SEM, with circular or polygonal cells (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE553205DE9AEFB88" box="[339,434,1126,1151]" captionStart="FIGURES 37 – 48" captionStartId="16.[151,263,1848,1870]" captionTargetBox="[181,1405,193,1826]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[181,1405,193,1827]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 37 – 48. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with SEM. Figs. 37 and 38. Euschistus (Lycipta) riograndensis Weiler & Grazia. Fig. 37. Magnification of the lateral wall. Fig. 38. Detail of the lateral wall, showing the AMP. Figs. 39 – 42. Euschistus (Mitripus) paranticus Grazia. Fig. 39. Lateral view. Fig. 40. Anterior view. Fig. 41. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the AMP. Fig. 42. Detail of AMP. Figs. 43 – 46. Mormidea cornicollis Stål. Fig. 43. Lateral view. Fig. 44. Anterior view. Fig. 45. Magnification of anterior pole. Fig. 46. Detail of AMP. Figs. 47 and 48. Chinavia armigera (Stål). Fig 47. Lateral view. Fig. 48. Anterior view. Abbreviations: amp – aero-micropylar process, lw – lateral wall." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252051/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Figs. 47</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE5BF205DEA2AFB88" box="[447,566,1126,1151]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 60" captionStartId="18.[151,263,1755,1777]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,187,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[214,1372,187,1733]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 60. Eggs of Chinavia spp. viewed with SEM. Figs. 49 – 51. Chinavia armigera (Stål). Fig. 49. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the polygonal cells projected inward in a funnel. Fig. 50. Detail of the anterior pole. Fig. 51. Detail of the anterior pole, showing the eclosion line, the AMP, and the connector sheets (asterisks). Figs. 52 – 55. Chinavia aseada (Rolston). Fig. 52. Lateral view. Fig. 53. Anterior view. Fig. 54. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the AMP and the connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 55. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line, the AMP, and the connector sheets (asterisks). Figs. 56 – 59. Chinavia brasicola (Rolston). Fig. 56. Lateral view. Fig. 57. Anterior view. Fig. 58. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the AMP and the connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 59. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig 60. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas), lateral view. Abbreviations: amp—aeromicropylar process, ec—eclosion line, lw—lateral wall." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252052/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">52, 56, 60</figureCitation>
|
||
). In some species, these cells may be quite regularly hexagonal at the lateral wall (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE4D820B1E931FB54" box="[216,301,1162,1187]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 60" captionStartId="18.[151,263,1755,1777]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,187,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[214,1372,187,1733]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 60. Eggs of Chinavia spp. viewed with SEM. Figs. 49 – 51. Chinavia armigera (Stål). Fig. 49. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the polygonal cells projected inward in a funnel. Fig. 50. Detail of the anterior pole. Fig. 51. Detail of the anterior pole, showing the eclosion line, the AMP, and the connector sheets (asterisks). Figs. 52 – 55. Chinavia aseada (Rolston). Fig. 52. Lateral view. Fig. 53. Anterior view. Fig. 54. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the AMP and the connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 55. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line, the AMP, and the connector sheets (asterisks). Figs. 56 – 59. Chinavia brasicola (Rolston). Fig. 56. Lateral view. Fig. 57. Anterior view. Fig. 58. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the AMP and the connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 59. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig 60. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas), lateral view. Abbreviations: amp—aeromicropylar process, ec—eclosion line, lw—lateral wall." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252052/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
|
||
). The cells project inward in a funnel, appearing to bear a hole (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE00920B1ECDDFB54" box="[1033,1217,1162,1187]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 60" captionStartId="18.[151,263,1755,1777]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,187,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[214,1372,187,1733]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 60. Eggs of Chinavia spp. viewed with SEM. Figs. 49 – 51. Chinavia armigera (Stål). Fig. 49. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the polygonal cells projected inward in a funnel. Fig. 50. Detail of the anterior pole. Fig. 51. Detail of the anterior pole, showing the eclosion line, the AMP, and the connector sheets (asterisks). Figs. 52 – 55. Chinavia aseada (Rolston). Fig. 52. Lateral view. Fig. 53. Anterior view. Fig. 54. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the AMP and the connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 55. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line, the AMP, and the connector sheets (asterisks). Figs. 56 – 59. Chinavia brasicola (Rolston). Fig. 56. Lateral view. Fig. 57. Anterior view. Fig. 58. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the AMP and the connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 59. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig 60. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas), lateral view. Abbreviations: amp—aeromicropylar process, ec—eclosion line, lw—lateral wall." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252052/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Figs. 49, 54, 58</figureCitation>
|
||
). The operculum is similarly sculptured but with smaller cells at center (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE6F52095EB49FB30" box="[757,853,1198,1223]" captionStart="FIGURES 37 – 48" captionStartId="16.[151,263,1848,1870]" captionTargetBox="[181,1405,193,1826]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[181,1405,193,1827]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 37 – 48. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with SEM. Figs. 37 and 38. Euschistus (Lycipta) riograndensis Weiler & Grazia. Fig. 37. Magnification of the lateral wall. Fig. 38. Detail of the lateral wall, showing the AMP. Figs. 39 – 42. Euschistus (Mitripus) paranticus Grazia. Fig. 39. Lateral view. Fig. 40. Anterior view. Fig. 41. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the AMP. Fig. 42. Detail of AMP. Figs. 43 – 46. Mormidea cornicollis Stål. Fig. 43. Lateral view. Fig. 44. Anterior view. Fig. 45. Magnification of anterior pole. Fig. 46. Detail of AMP. Figs. 47 and 48. Chinavia armigera (Stål). Fig 47. Lateral view. Fig. 48. Anterior view. Abbreviations: amp – aero-micropylar process, lw – lateral wall." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252051/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Figs. 48</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE7632095EBC6FB30" box="[867,986,1198,1223]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 60" captionStartId="18.[151,263,1755,1777]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,187,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[214,1372,187,1733]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 60. Eggs of Chinavia spp. viewed with SEM. Figs. 49 – 51. Chinavia armigera (Stål). Fig. 49. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the polygonal cells projected inward in a funnel. Fig. 50. Detail of the anterior pole. Fig. 51. Detail of the anterior pole, showing the eclosion line, the AMP, and the connector sheets (asterisks). Figs. 52 – 55. Chinavia aseada (Rolston). Fig. 52. Lateral view. Fig. 53. Anterior view. Fig. 54. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the AMP and the connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 55. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line, the AMP, and the connector sheets (asterisks). Figs. 56 – 59. Chinavia brasicola (Rolston). Fig. 56. Lateral view. Fig. 57. Anterior view. Fig. 58. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the AMP and the connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 59. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig 60. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas), lateral view. Abbreviations: amp—aeromicropylar process, ec—eclosion line, lw—lateral wall." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252052/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">50, 53, 57</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE7E82095EC28FB30" box="[1000,1076,1198,1223]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 72" captionStartId="19.[151,263,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[190,1395,193,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[190,1395,193,1798]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 72. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with SEM. Figs. 61 – 65. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas). Fig. 61. Anterior view. Fig. 62. Magnification of anterior pole. Fig. 63. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig. 64. Detail of AMP and connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 65. Detail of AMP surface. Figs. 66 – 69. Banasa induta Stål. Fig. 66. Lateral view. Fig. 67. Anterior view. Fig. 68. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the AMP. Fig. 69. Detail of AMP surface. Figs. 70 – 72. Serdia apicicornis Stål. Fig 70. Lateral view. Fig. 71. Anterior view. Fig. 72. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Abbreviations: amp—aero-micropylar process, ec—eclosion line, lw—lateral wall." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252053/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">61, 62</figureCitation>
|
||
). The eclosion line is wide and clearly evident, marked by several minute and irregular projections (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE7D620E9EC81FB1C" box="[982,1181,1234,1259]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 60" captionStartId="18.[151,263,1755,1777]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,187,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[214,1372,187,1733]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 60. Eggs of Chinavia spp. viewed with SEM. Figs. 49 – 51. Chinavia armigera (Stål). Fig. 49. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the polygonal cells projected inward in a funnel. Fig. 50. Detail of the anterior pole. Fig. 51. Detail of the anterior pole, showing the eclosion line, the AMP, and the connector sheets (asterisks). Figs. 52 – 55. Chinavia aseada (Rolston). Fig. 52. Lateral view. Fig. 53. Anterior view. Fig. 54. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the AMP and the connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 55. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line, the AMP, and the connector sheets (asterisks). Figs. 56 – 59. Chinavia brasicola (Rolston). Fig. 56. Lateral view. Fig. 57. Anterior view. Fig. 58. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the AMP and the connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 59. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig 60. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas), lateral view. Abbreviations: amp—aeromicropylar process, ec—eclosion line, lw—lateral wall." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252052/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Figs. 51, 55, 59</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE0B020E9ECD3FB1C" box="[1200,1231,1234,1259]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 72" captionStartId="19.[151,263,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[190,1395,193,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[190,1395,193,1798]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 72. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with SEM. Figs. 61 – 65. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas). Fig. 61. Anterior view. Fig. 62. Magnification of anterior pole. Fig. 63. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig. 64. Detail of AMP and connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 65. Detail of AMP surface. Figs. 66 – 69. Banasa induta Stål. Fig. 66. Lateral view. Fig. 67. Anterior view. Fig. 68. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the AMP. Fig. 69. Detail of AMP surface. Figs. 70 – 72. Serdia apicicornis Stål. Fig 70. Lateral view. Fig. 71. Anterior view. Fig. 72. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Abbreviations: amp—aero-micropylar process, ec—eclosion line, lw—lateral wall." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252053/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">63</figureCitation>
|
||
). The AMPs are moderately short and strongly clubbed, with their openings circular and apical (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE02620CDED2AFAF8" box="[1062,1334,1270,1295]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 60" captionStartId="18.[151,263,1755,1777]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,187,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[214,1372,187,1733]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 60. Eggs of Chinavia spp. viewed with SEM. Figs. 49 – 51. Chinavia armigera (Stål). Fig. 49. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the polygonal cells projected inward in a funnel. Fig. 50. Detail of the anterior pole. Fig. 51. Detail of the anterior pole, showing the eclosion line, the AMP, and the connector sheets (asterisks). Figs. 52 – 55. Chinavia aseada (Rolston). Fig. 52. Lateral view. Fig. 53. Anterior view. Fig. 54. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the AMP and the connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 55. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line, the AMP, and the connector sheets (asterisks). Figs. 56 – 59. Chinavia brasicola (Rolston). Fig. 56. Lateral view. Fig. 57. Anterior view. Fig. 58. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the AMP and the connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 59. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig 60. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas), lateral view. Abbreviations: amp—aeromicropylar process, ec—eclosion line, lw—lateral wall." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252052/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Figs. 51, 54, 55, 58, 59</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE14320CDED8CFAF8" box="[1347,1424,1270,1295]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 72" captionStartId="19.[151,263,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[190,1395,193,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[190,1395,193,1798]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 72. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with SEM. Figs. 61 – 65. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas). Fig. 61. Anterior view. Fig. 62. Magnification of anterior pole. Fig. 63. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig. 64. Detail of AMP and connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 65. Detail of AMP surface. Figs. 66 – 69. Banasa induta Stål. Fig. 66. Lateral view. Fig. 67. Anterior view. Fig. 68. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the AMP. Fig. 69. Detail of AMP surface. Figs. 70 – 72. Serdia apicicornis Stål. Fig 70. Lateral view. Fig. 71. Anterior view. Fig. 72. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Abbreviations: amp—aero-micropylar process, ec—eclosion line, lw—lateral wall." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252053/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">63, 64</figureCitation>
|
||
). Fine connector sheets among adjacent AMPs have been observed in some of the eggs of all species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE10E2121E8FCFAA0" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 60" captionStartId="18.[151,263,1755,1777]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,187,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[214,1372,187,1733]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 60. Eggs of Chinavia spp. viewed with SEM. Figs. 49 – 51. Chinavia armigera (Stål). Fig. 49. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the polygonal cells projected inward in a funnel. Fig. 50. Detail of the anterior pole. Fig. 51. Detail of the anterior pole, showing the eclosion line, the AMP, and the connector sheets (asterisks). Figs. 52 – 55. Chinavia aseada (Rolston). Fig. 52. Lateral view. Fig. 53. Anterior view. Fig. 54. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the AMP and the connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 55. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line, the AMP, and the connector sheets (asterisks). Figs. 56 – 59. Chinavia brasicola (Rolston). Fig. 56. Lateral view. Fig. 57. Anterior view. Fig. 58. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the AMP and the connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 59. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig 60. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas), lateral view. Abbreviations: amp—aeromicropylar process, ec—eclosion line, lw—lateral wall." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252052/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Figs. 51, 54, 55, 58</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE4EB2105E917FAA0" box="[235,267,1342,1367]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 72" captionStartId="19.[151,263,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[190,1395,193,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[190,1395,193,1798]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 72. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with SEM. Figs. 61 – 65. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas). Fig. 61. Anterior view. Fig. 62. Magnification of anterior pole. Fig. 63. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig. 64. Detail of AMP and connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 65. Detail of AMP surface. Figs. 66 – 69. Banasa induta Stål. Fig. 66. Lateral view. Fig. 67. Anterior view. Fig. 68. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the AMP. Fig. 69. Detail of AMP surface. Figs. 70 – 72. Serdia apicicornis Stål. Fig 70. Lateral view. Fig. 71. Anterior view. Fig. 72. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Abbreviations: amp—aero-micropylar process, ec—eclosion line, lw—lateral wall." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252053/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">64</figureCitation>
|
||
). Under higher magnification, the AMPs surface is spongy (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE7AC2105EC43FAA0" box="[940,1119,1342,1367]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 60" captionStartId="18.[151,263,1755,1777]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,187,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[214,1372,187,1733]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 60. Eggs of Chinavia spp. viewed with SEM. Figs. 49 – 51. Chinavia armigera (Stål). Fig. 49. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the polygonal cells projected inward in a funnel. Fig. 50. Detail of the anterior pole. Fig. 51. Detail of the anterior pole, showing the eclosion line, the AMP, and the connector sheets (asterisks). Figs. 52 – 55. Chinavia aseada (Rolston). Fig. 52. Lateral view. Fig. 53. Anterior view. Fig. 54. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the AMP and the connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 55. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line, the AMP, and the connector sheets (asterisks). Figs. 56 – 59. Chinavia brasicola (Rolston). Fig. 56. Lateral view. Fig. 57. Anterior view. Fig. 58. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the AMP and the connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 59. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig 60. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas), lateral view. Abbreviations: amp—aeromicropylar process, ec—eclosion line, lw—lateral wall." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252052/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">Figs. 51, 55, 59</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13362A409A31033AE06A2105EC95FAA0" box="[1130,1161,1342,1367]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 72" captionStartId="19.[151,263,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[190,1395,193,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[190,1395,193,1798]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 72. Eggs of the Pentatomidae viewed with SEM. Figs. 61 – 65. Chinavia runaspis (Dallas). Fig. 61. Anterior view. Fig. 62. Magnification of anterior pole. Fig. 63. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Fig. 64. Detail of AMP and connector sheets (asterisks). Fig. 65. Detail of AMP surface. Figs. 66 – 69. Banasa induta Stål. Fig. 66. Lateral view. Fig. 67. Anterior view. Fig. 68. Magnification of anterior pole, showing the AMP. Fig. 69. Detail of AMP surface. Figs. 70 – 72. Serdia apicicornis Stål. Fig 70. Lateral view. Fig. 71. Anterior view. Fig. 72. Magnification of the lateral wall, showing the eclosion line and the AMP. Abbreviations: amp—aero-micropylar process, ec—eclosion line, lw—lateral wall." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252053/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="368">65</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |