310 lines
35 KiB
XML
310 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="D77E1F1BDAD1CFC99D6A35A02259A6F6" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.13222808" ID-ISSN="2189-6720" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13222808" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1721319070046" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Blakemore, Robert J., Miller, Shawn & Lim, Shu Yong" docDate="2022" docId="03A48798FF917B21FC11FF4BFEE36D5C" docLanguage="en" docName="BullKanagawaPrefectMus.51.95-104.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum (Natural Science) 51" docStyle="DocumentStyle:020B98DC1285EBBD02620724ECB44EDE.1:BullKanagawaPrefectMus.2013-.journal_article.english" docStyleId="020B98DC1285EBBD02620724ECB44EDE" docStyleName="BullKanagawaPrefectMus.2013-.journal_article.english" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Metaphire kinki Blakemore & Miller & Lim 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="B68B7F7E-B15A-4AB6-9BA6-ABE024B445AF" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="100" masterDocId="FF9DFFE0FF927B24FF8EFFD0FFAC6841" masterDocTitle="Two New Species of Japanese Earthworms (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megadrilacea, Megascolecidae) Update Biodiversity on Okinawa and at Lake Biwa to ca. 30 Species" masterLastPageNumber="104" masterPageNumber="95" pageNumber="98" updateTime="1722868616022" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="FC96BB073A91A498324A8324578BB995">
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<mods:title id="0856BAD5350D62C91AAF4B7721249378">Two New Species of Japanese Earthworms (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megadrilacea, Megascolecidae) Update Biodiversity on Okinawa and at Lake Biwa to ca. 30 Species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="1E97FC1A57076245DFBDC51E001F0FA3" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="A7A78653138AD6E01A7548DA7CD479AD">
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<mods:roleTerm id="946CA5248943C587D92B6A5FC29B2ADF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="00CB2AF4C114DC9053CF384D2A4264BF">Blakemore, Robert J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="8DE3F293BA818F53647226697019737F" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="63ED3528280D4C75BEFBC07F4F2A9D97">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F9458E55E435A7BC4FEDC09660ADF1C1">Miller, Shawn</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="C41865ACED5700107E27EB5C1A086BA1" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="C0FF59FC33E58931F1CF08CC54B2F468">
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<mods:roleTerm id="EB49509A78E9A9322F48C02531F1695E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5F12A92BD1023A9345AB24ED7B73A25E">Lim, Shu Yong</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="48BE3EBB6D439078201A1188989E5C0A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="22513FB9AE998AC578BE0C1480E864DF">
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<mods:title id="019E546794E86694348BCDB7DD77A374">Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum (Natural Science)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="13037BA49E789E171040D8C4878B12F5">
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<mods:date id="9327DC5F4B677A6F1402C9F12467CD5A">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="7CC73069C64BB560A49836B9E50BE16C" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="8F02B3E2E40F33B258A479F1FD7BFBB6">2022-03-29</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="4692404471C750835F36413529C5DEF2" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="EBD6A563E39F6B06A4AE6A4D240EBB24">51</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="C198C9817E3DE08B5F4E9AF4F7191581">95</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="C161E4DAC3C1A6D7C131565C58C4B9FD">104</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="6FA15DB141FA22DAD7D18F81ECF68F9C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="67AC06B82D55872FA0D3A86D595540CD" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.13222808</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BE8EE567ACBA87A6DCDC5D45C4CC3DC0" type="ISSN">2189-6720</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FA878175F4D4CA2947F2C71E3CCA0997" type="Zenodo-Dep">13222808</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="76E31AA74E83C2EAD0AA8C03269B4C10" type="ZooBank">977BA713-4F9D-4E15-AFA5-86B5DF36E2AB</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03A48798FF917B21FC11FF4BFEE36D5C" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B68B7F7E-B15A-4AB6-9BA6-ABE024B445AF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A48798FF917B21FC11FF4BFEE36D5C" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="100" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<subSubSection id="C3176505FF917B27FC11FF4BFAB768F2" box="[927,1307,155,179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB2368EFF917B27FC11FF4BFAB768F2" blockId="3.[927,1307,155,179]" box="[927,1307,155,179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<heading id="D0FA81E2FF917B27FC11FF4BFAB768F2" box="[927,1307,155,179]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" reason="6">
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<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF917B27FC11FF4BFAB768F2" bold="true" box="[927,1307,155,179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D0DFF917B27FC11FF4BFB6E68F2" ID-CoL="8ZDZP" authority="Blakemore" authorityName="Blakemore & Miller & Lim" authorityYear="2022" box="[927,1218,155,179]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kinki" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF917B27FC11FF4BFBEB68F2" bold="true" box="[927,1095,155,179]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">Metaphire kinki</emphasis>
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Blakemore
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A57E7FF917B27FB42FF4BFAB768F2" box="[1228,1307,155,179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3176505FF917B27FCCBFF39FBD56A1E" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BB2368EFF917B27FCCBFF39FBD56A1E" blockId="3.[813,1399,233,1114]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF917B27FCCBFF39FC7B6940" bold="true" box="[837,983,233,257]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">Distribution</emphasis>
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: Kinki Region, Shiga-ken, Otsu-shi, Katsuragawa, Boumura-cho (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE395049FF917B27FBE5FEC0FB4D6969" box="[1131,1249,272,296]" degrees="35.247719" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" precision="1" value="35.24772">35.247719</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE395049FF917B27FB61FEC0FADC6969" box="[1263,1392,272,296]" degrees="135.868247" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" precision="1" value="135.86824">135.868247</geoCoordinate>
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) and stream at Sakamoto just below the Mt. Hiei cable-car station (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE395049FF917B27FC72FE8EFBD46937" box="[1020,1144,350,374]" degrees="35.069342" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" precision="1" value="35.069344">35.069342</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE395049FF917B27FB08FE8EFABD6937" box="[1158,1297,350,374]" degrees="135.865797" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" precision="1" value="135.8658">135.865797</geoCoordinate>
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); Kyotofu, around Mt Kumotori/Kibune River (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE395049FF917B27FB6DFE55FAD969DC" box="[1251,1397,389,413]" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" precision="1" seconds="25.7" value="35.173805">35°10'25.7"N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE395049FF917B27FCA3FE7CFC6A6985" box="[813,966,428,452]" degrees="135" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" precision="1" seconds="05.2" value="135.76811">135°46'05.2"E</geoCoordinate>
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) (Wes Lang pers. comm.: found “coiled up in the middle of the hiking path” from the bus stop at Hanase Kogen). Searches by RJB assisted by Dr Grygier in rivers and on hills at Sakamoto in Feb., 2016 failed to find further specimens.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3176505FF917B27FCCBFDBFFBFE6AEC" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BB2368EFF917B27FCCBFDBFFBFE6AEC" blockId="3.[813,1399,233,1114]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF917B27FCCBFDBFFC6E6AC6" bold="true" box="[837,962,623,647]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">Etymology</emphasis>
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: The name is derived from its regional location (noun in apposition).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3176505FF917B27FCCBFD6CFBCF6C4D" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB2368EFF917B27FCCBFD6CFBCF6C4D" blockId="3.[813,1399,233,1114]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF917B27FCCBFD6CFBA26A95" bold="true" box="[837,1038,700,724]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">Material examined</emphasis>
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(see
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<figureCitation id="13362A0BFF917B27FBCFFD6CFB336A95" box="[1089,1183,700,724]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="3.[161,195,2017,2039]" captionStartId-1="4.[222,258,946,968]" captionStartId-2="4.[850,884,1545,1567]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1398,1163,1992]" captionTargetBox-1="[229,1396,151,929]" captionTargetBox-2="[854,1426,1139,1456]" captionTargetId-0="figure-422@3.[151,1398,1163,1992]" captionTargetId-1="figure-374@4.[229,1396,151,929]" captionTargetId-2="figure-376@4.[845,1439,1119,1527]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="Fig. 5. Metaphire kinki sp. nov. P2 specimen (photo courtesy Kazuhiro Masunaga March, 2011 with LBM permission via M.J. Grygier pers. comm. 22nd July, 2015)." captionText-1="Fig. 6.“Kumotori/Kibune”worm, likely M. kinki in Nature (image permissions courtesy Wes Lang https://tozantales. wordpress.com). Compare with uniformly-coloured, bright electric-blue M. sieboldi from Fukuoka and Kumamoto, Kyushu www.flickr.com/photos/pokoroto/2950708988; www.flickr.com/photos/anaguma/7540289876." captionText-2="Fig. 7. Metaphire kinki sp. nov. holotype spermatheca 9lhs and caecum." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13222820" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13222822" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13222824" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13222820/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13222822/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13222824/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">Figs. 5–7</figureCitation>
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):
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<materialsCitation id="3B653CD3FF917B27FB3EFD6CFC0B6ABA" collectingDate="2015-01-08" collectionCode="LBM" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54B6882CFF917B27FB3EFD6CFAA06A95" box="[1200,1292,700,724]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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(H),
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<collectionCode id="ED1CAE4BFF917B27FAB1FD6DFADB6A95" box="[1343,1399,701,724]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pcbg-hhf5" name="Lake Biwa Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">LBM</collectionCode>
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FY
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<date id="FFB3104EFF917B27FCDEFD33FC0B6ABA" box="[848,935,739,763]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" value="2015-01-08">
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<collectingDate id="EFF7E9A6FF917B27FCDEFD33FC0B6ABA" box="[848,935,739,763]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" value="2015-01-08">2015-8-1</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="3B653CD3FF917B27FC22FD34FADD6B31" collectingDate="2015-01-08" collectorName="Kazuhiro Masunaga" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" specimenCode="KPM-NJL 83" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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mature, dissected (DNA tissue samples #K7–9, sample #K8 now
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<specimenCode id="DBAB9EF5FF917B27FC65FCDBFBD06B63" box="[1003,1148,778,802]" collectionCode="KPM-NJL" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">KPM-NJL 83</specimenCode>
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) collected by
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<collectorName id="26F85358FF917B27FA9BFCDAFC3F6B0B" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">Kazuhiro Masunaga</collectorName>
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“
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<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF917B27FC2AFCE1FC576B08" box="[932,1019,817,841]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<date id="FFB3104EFF917B27FC2AFCE1FC576B08" box="[932,1019,817,841]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" value="2015-01-08">
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<collectingDate id="EFF7E9A6FF917B27FC2AFCE1FC576B08" box="[932,1019,817,841]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" value="2015-01-08">2015/8/1</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</emphasis>
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”; “
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<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF917B27FB91FCE1FACE6B2E" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">On road where water runs across. Captured alive but died overnight. 80–85 % EtOH</emphasis>
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”
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<typeStatus id="54B6882CFF917B27FCA3FCAFFC2B6BD6" box="[813,903,895,919]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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1 (P1) FY
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<date id="FFB3104EFF917B27FC72FCAFFBF56BD6" box="[1020,1113,895,919]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" value="2015-02-08">2015-8-2</date>
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<materialsCitation id="3B653CD3FF917B27FBEFFCAFFBE66BFF" collectingDate="2015-01-08" collectorName="Kazuhiro Masunaga" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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large, macerated specimen (no DNA) ditto “2
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<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF917B27FC63FC76FB926BFF" box="[1005,1086,934,958]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">015-8-2</emphasis>
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||
”
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</materialsCitation>
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||
;
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<typeStatus id="54B6882CFF917B27FBD6FC76FB1D6BFF" box="[1112,1201,934,958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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||
2 (P2) FY2010-24 “
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<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF917B27FCB9FC1DFB906BA4" box="[823,1084,973,997]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<collectorName id="26F85358FF917B27FCB9FC1DFC366BA4" box="[823,922,973,997]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">Sakamoto</collectorName>
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coll. Masunaga
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</emphasis>
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||
” March, 2011;
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<materialsCitation id="3B653CD3FF917B27FB55FC1DFBF26C4D" collectingDate="2012-03-25" collectorName="Kazuhiro Masunaga" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="54B6882CFF917B27FB55FC1DFA9D6BA4" box="[1243,1329,973,997]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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3 (P3) FY2011-19 ditto, “
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<date id="FFB3104EFF917B27FC6DFC24FBF96C4D" box="[995,1109,1012,1036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" value="2012-03-25">
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||
<collectingDate id="EFF7E9A6FF917B27FC6DFC24FBF96C4D" box="[995,1109,1012,1036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" value="2012-03-25">25.III.2012</collectingDate>
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</date>
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”
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3176505FF917B20FCCBFBCAFD346EE1" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BB2368EFF917B20FCCBFBCAFD346EE1" blockId="3.[813,1399,233,1114]" lastBlockId="4.[189,775,1126,2085]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF917B27FCCBFBCAFC636C73" bold="true" box="[837,975,1050,1074]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">Description</emphasis>
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: Large and dark blue with light grey intersegmental bands (i.e., striped). Lengths, H
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<quantity id="4CF59B6BFF917B27FA91FB91FADB6C18" box="[1311,1399,1089,1113]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" unit="mm" value="260.0">260 mm</quantity>
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x
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<quantity id="4CF59B6BFF967B20FF5CFBB6FEB06C3F" box="[210,284,1126,1150]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
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||
wide; P
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||
<quantity id="4CF59B6BFF967B20FEFFFBB7FE4F6C3F" box="[369,483,1127,1151]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.21" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" unit="mm" value="2210.0">2, 210 mm</quantity>
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||
; P
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<quantity id="4CF59B6BFF967B20FE71FBB7FDC36C3F" box="[511,623,1126,1151]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.195" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" unit="mm" value="3195.0">3, 195 mm</quantity>
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. Segments (H) ~140. Prostomium epi-lobous, open. First dorsal pore 12/13. Setae about 80 on segment 12. Spermathecal pores in line with male pores three pairs in 6/7/8/9. Clitellum 14- 16. Female pore on 14. Male pores slits on 18 with about 16 (H) setae intervening. No genital markings (GMs) found. Septa 8/9/10 absent around muscular gizzard in 8. Spermathecae three pairs in 7-9 with single, coiled diverticulum longer than ampulla when unravelled. Seminal vesicles in 11 and 12. Ovaries and last hearts in 13. Racemose prostates in 18. Intestinal caeca from 27, deeply incised on one side at the base (not strictly manicate, more like intermediate or multiple, as found in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D0DFF967B20FF30F9B1FE3D6E38" baseAuthorityName="Goto & Hatai" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[190,401,1633,1657]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="megascolidioides">
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<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF967B20FF30F9B1FE3D6E38" box="[190,401,1633,1657]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">M. megascolidioides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
– see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B7FFF967B20FE5AF9B1FD3F6E38" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[468,659,1633,1657]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref4628" refString="Blakemore, R. J., 2016 a. Eco-taxonomic profile and mtDNA barcode of Metaphire megascolidioides (Goto & Hatai, 1899) - a megadrile earthworm from Japan, plus taxonomic miscellany. VermEcology Occasional Papers (Veop), 1 (1): 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="2016">Blakemore (2016a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A0BFF967B20FD10F9B1FD766E38" box="[670,730,1633,1657]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[209,243,953,975]" captionTargetBox="[246,1369,253,856]" captionTargetId="figure-364@2.[189,1436,151,936]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig.3. Amynthas kume sp. nov. from Kumejima Island (photo courtesy of Shawn Miller)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13222814" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13222814/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
and Supplementary Materials, Appendix 1: Fig. 12).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF726606FF917B27FF2FF831FD9D6057" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13222820" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13222820" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13222820/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" startId="3.[161,195,2017,2039]" targetBox="[151,1398,1163,1992]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB2368EFF917B27FF2FF831FD9D6057" blockId="3.[161,1368,2016,2070]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
|
||
Fig. 5.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D0DFF917B27FF69F830FED76FB4" authorityName="Blakemore & Miller & Lim" authorityYear="2022" box="[231,379,2016,2037]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kinki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF917B27FF69F830FED76FB4" box="[231,379,2016,2037]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">Metaphire kinki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A57E7FF917B27FE0FF831FE676FB7" box="[385,459,2017,2038]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
P2 specimen (photo courtesy Kazuhiro Masunaga March, 2011 with LBM permission via M.J. Grygier pers. comm. 22nd July, 2015).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF726606FF967B20FF50FC62FBD66C46" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13222822" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13222822" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13222822/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" startId="4.[222,258,946,968]" targetBox="[229,1396,151,929]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB2368EFF967B20FF50FC62FBD66C46" blockId="4.[222,1412,945,1031]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
|
||
Fig. 6.“Kumotori/Kibune”worm, likely
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D0DFF967B20FD0FFC62FD7F6B87" authorityName="Blakemore & Miller & Lim" authorityYear="2022" box="[641,723,945,967]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kinki">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF967B20FD0FFC62FD7F6B87" box="[641,723,945,967]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">M. kinki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Nature (image permissions courtesy Wes Lang https://tozantales. wordpress.com). Compare with uniformly-coloured, bright electric-blue
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D0DFF967B20FC2BFC02FBA16BA7" baseAuthorityName="Horst" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[933,1037,977,999]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sieboldi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF967B20FC2BFC02FBA16BA7" box="[933,1037,977,999]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">M. sieboldi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Fukuoka and Kumamoto, Kyushu www.flickr.com/photos/pokoroto/2950708988; www.flickr.com/photos/anaguma/7540289876.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF726606FF967B20FCDCF9D9FC6A6E7C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13222824" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13222824" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13222824/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" startId="4.[850,884,1545,1567]" targetBox="[854,1426,1139,1456]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB2368EFF967B20FCDCF9D9FC6A6E7C" blockId="4.[850,1436,1544,1597]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
|
||
Fig. 7.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D0DFF967B20FC19F9D8FB846E5C" authorityName="Blakemore & Miller & Lim" authorityYear="2022" box="[919,1064,1544,1565]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kinki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF967B20FC19F9D8FB846E5C" box="[919,1064,1544,1565]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Metaphire kinki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A57E7FF967B20FBA3F9D9FBDA6E5F" box="[1069,1142,1545,1566]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
holotype spermatheca 9lhs and caecum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3176505FF967B21FF5BF97EFEE36D5C" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="100" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB2368EFF967B21FF5BF97EFEB76A21" blockId="4.[189,775,1126,2085]" lastBlockId="5.[151,738,155,1309]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="100" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF967B20FF5BF97EFE936E87" bold="true" box="[213,319,1710,1734]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
: The only known native
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D0DFF967B20FDC5F97EFCAB6E87" box="[587,775,1710,1734]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF967B20FDC5F97EFD1A6E87" box="[587,694,1710,1734]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Metaphire</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
currently from Shiga-ken with three pairs of spermathecae in segments 6/7/8/9 is reported as “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D0DFF967B20FD90F92DFD236F55" baseAuthorityName="Horst" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[542,655,1788,1812]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sieboldi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF967B20FD90F92DFD236F55" box="[542,655,1788,1812]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">M. sieboldi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF967B20FD2FF92DFCAA6F55" box="[673,774,1788,1812]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A57E7FF967B20FD2FF92DFCAA6F55" box="[673,774,1788,1812]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" sensu="lato">sensu lato</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B7FFF967B20FF6EF8F3FE706F7A" author="Minamiya, Y. & J. Yokoyama & T. A. Fukuda" box="[224,476,1827,1851]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" pagination="423 - 430" refId="ref5778" refString="Minamiya, Y., J. Yokoyama & T. A. Fukuda, 2009. Phylogeographic study of the Japanese earthworm, Metaphire sieboldi (Horst, 1883) (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae): Inferences from mitochondrial DNA sequences. European Journal of Soil Biology, 45: 423 - 430." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Minamiya
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF967B20FED8F8F4FE216F7A" box="[342,397,1827,1851]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Major differences from the original and most subsequent species diagnoses of proper
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D0DFF967B20FF30F8A2FE7D6FC8" authority="(Horst, 1883)" baseAuthorityName="Horst" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[190,465,1905,1929]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sieboldi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF967B20FF30F8A2FE956FC8" box="[190,313,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">M. sieboldi</emphasis>
|
||
(Horst, 1883)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
– the first species described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A761EFF967B20FF7AF849FE826FF1" box="[244,302,1945,1968]" name="Japan" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
– are lack of bright and uniform blue iridescent colouration and less defined manicate caecae; also the spermathecal diverticula may be longer than the ampullae even when they are coiled. The most definitive difference is the mtDNA COI barcode (in Appendix 1) that differs by 4.13 % from its closes match of AB482078 “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D0DFF967B20FABEF960FC0B6EAE" baseAuthorityName="Horst" baseAuthorityYear="1883" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sieboldi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF967B20FABEF960FC0B6EAE" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Metaphire sieboldi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” from Nara-ken that was part of Minamiya
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF967B20FA04F908FCC16F57" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
’s (2009) “Group I” mostly confined to the Kinki region and also most diverged of their study samples. Only their AB482080, also Group I, was from Shiga-ken and it differs by 4.57 %. These authors’ found: “
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF967B20FA88F8A4FADB6FCA" box="[1286,1399,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Among the</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D0DFF967B20FAF1F8A4FC0E6FF3" baseAuthorityName="Horst" baseAuthorityYear="1883" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sieboldi">M. sieboldi</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF967B20FC29F84AFA896066" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">samples, the infraspecific sequence divergences of the COI gene ranged from 0.1 % to 18.1 %, and the mean infraspecific sequence divergences between phylogenetic groups of our study ranged 5.7 % to 15.9 %</emphasis>
|
||
(Table 2).” However, an accepted COI barcode range for inter-specific differentiation is as low as 2–3 % (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B7FFF977B21FDADFF12FD71689B" author="Hebert, P. D. N. & S. Ratnasingham & J. R. DeWaard" box="[547,733,194,218]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" refId="ref5446" refString="Hebert, P. D. N., S. Ratnasingham & J. R. DeWaard, 2003. Barcoding animal life: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 divergences among closely related species. Proceding of the Royaol Society. B Biol. Sci., 270 (S 1): S 96 - S 99." type="journal volume" year="2003">
|
||
Hebert
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF977B21FDE0FF13FD0D689B" box="[622,673,194,218]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2003
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B7FFF977B21FF19FF39FF616940" author="Hebert P. D. N. & M. Y & Stoeckle, T. S. & Zemlak & C. M. Francis" box="[151,205,233,257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" refId="ref5506" refString="Hebert P. D. N., M. Y. Stoeckle, T. S. Zemlak & C. M. Francis, 2004. Identification of birds through DNA barcodes. PLoS Biology, 2 (10): e 312." type="journal volume" year="2004">2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B7FFF977B21FF56FF39FE226940" author="Smith M. A. & L. Fisher & P. D. N. Hebert" box="[216,398,233,257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" pagination="1825 - 1834" refId="ref6208" refString="Smith M. A., B L. Fisher & P. D. N. Hebert, 2005. DNA barcoding for effective biodiversity assessment of a hyperdiverse arthropod group: the ants of Madagascar. Philosophical Transactions of Royal Society, B Biological Sciences, 360 (1462): 1825 - 1834." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Smith
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF977B21FE90FF3AFEFE6940" box="[286,338,233,257]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), also by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B7FFF977B21FE7FFF39FD4D6940" author="Zhang R. L. & B. Zhang" box="[497,737,233,257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" pagination="352 - 358" refId="ref6372" refString="Zhang R. L. & B. Zhang, 2014. Prospects of using DNA barcoding for species identification and evaluation of the accuracy of sequence databases for ticks (Acari: Ixodida). Ticks Tick Borne Diseases, 5 (3): 352 - 358." type="journal article" year="2014">Zhang & Zhang (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B7FFF977B21FF68FEC0FE006969" author="Wang, Z. - L. & X. - Q. Yang & T. Z. Wang & X. Yu" box="[230,428,272,296]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" pagination="695 - 702" refId="ref6265" refString="Wang, Z. - L., X. - Q. Yang, T. Z. Wang & X. Yu, 2018. Assessing the effectiveness of mitochondrial COI and 16 S rRNA genes for DNA barcoding of farmland spiders in China. Mitochondrial DNA Part A, 29 (5): 695 - 702." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Wang
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF977B21FEA5FEC1FECD6969" box="[299,353,272,296]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
who found: “
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF977B21FDB1FEC0FD8469DC" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">almost 98 % of the species can be correctly distinguished for both COI and 16S when a threshold of 3 % nucleotide divergence was used for species discrimination</emphasis>
|
||
”. As the current specimen divergence is>4 % from other known samples it would qualify, on the information currently available, for specific status. Its furthest BLASTn result differs from other sampled concepts of “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D0DFF977B21FE28FDF1FDB86A79" baseAuthorityName="Horst" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[422,532,544,568]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sieboldi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF977B21FE28FDF1FDB86A79" box="[422,532,544,568]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">M. sieboldi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” by up to 14 % (see Appendix 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB2368EFF977B21FF21FDBEFDBE6AEC" blockId="5.[151,738,155,1309]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Other examples in the Appendix support an interspecific COI gene division at>3–4 %.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB2368EFF977B21FF21FD6CFDA86B2E" blockId="5.[151,738,155,1309]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D0DFF977B21FF21FD6CFEC36A95" baseAuthorityName="Horst" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[175,367,700,724]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sieboldi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF977B21FF21FD6CFEC36A95" box="[175,367,700,724]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Metaphire sieboldi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B653CD3FF977B21FEF8FD6DFDAD6B2E" collectionCode="RNHL" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" specimenCode="RNHL 1825" specimenCount="1">
|
||
proper is defined by its Leiden
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B6882CFF977B21FD38FD6DFD4E6A94" box="[694,738,701,725]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">type</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBAB9EF5FF977B21FF10FD33FE8C6ABA" box="[158,288,739,763]" collectionCode="RNHL" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">RNHL 1825</specimenCode>
|
||
) and any substantial derivation or deviation from this (e.g. DNA>3–4 %) warrants separate specific, or at least sub-specific status, seemingly as do most of Minamiya
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF977B21FE8AFC89FE9A6B31" box="[260,310,856,880]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
’s (2009) group taxa
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB2368EFF977B21FF21FCAFFEED6C4D" blockId="5.[151,738,155,1309]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B653CD3FF977B21FF21FCAFFE916C4D" collectingDate="2014-11-09" collectionCode="LBM, RJB" collectorName="Y. Minamiya" location="Three" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hokkaido">
|
||
<location id="8ED26055FF977B21FF21FCAFFF416BD6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A48798FF917B21FC11FF4BFEE36D5C:8ED26055FF977B21FF21FCAFFF416BD6" box="[175,237,895,919]" name="Three" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" stateProvince="Hokkaido">Three</location>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1CAE4BFF977B21FF78FCAFFE9C6BD7" box="[246,304,895,918]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pcbg-hhf5" name="Lake Biwa Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">LBM</collectionCode>
|
||
collection worms from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C9F86CFF977B21FDB9FCAFFD0C6BD6" box="[567,672,895,919]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
|
||
dated “
|
||
<date id="FFB3104EFF977B21FF2FFC76FEB06BFF" box="[161,284,934,958]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2014-11-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFF7E9A6FF977B21FF2FFC76FEB06BFF" box="[161,284,934,958]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2014-11-09">2014 09 11</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
” sent by
|
||
<collectorName id="26F85358FF977B21FE0AFC76FDA26BFF" box="[388,526,934,958]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Y. Minamiya</collectorName>
|
||
were identified (by
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1CAE4BFF977B21FF19FC1DFF696BA5" box="[151,197,973,996]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">RJB</collectionCode>
|
||
in 2016) as common exotic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D0DFF977B21FD89FC1DFE916C4D" authority="(Savigny, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="Savigny" baseAuthorityYear="1826" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Aporrectodea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rosea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA9CFF977B21FD89FC1DFD4D6BA4" box="[519,737,973,997]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Aporrectodea rosea</emphasis>
|
||
(Savigny, 1826)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB2368EFF977B21FF21FBCBFEE36D5C" blockId="5.[151,738,155,1309]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">About 35 species occur on the Ryukyu (Okinawan) Islands and all 30+ earthworm species reports from Lake Biwako’s satoyama habitats are summarized in Appendix 1, several supported by mtDNA. Along with ~50 aquatic worm taxa, Biwako is Japan’s most megadrile & microdrile biodiverse site due to intensity of eco-taxonomic survey.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |