treatments-xml/data/03/EB/87/03EB87ED133F847BFE843A65FC5FA201.xml

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<mods:title id="C06F81A58FCACD84AE3188FA6EC2B637">Scorpions of Sri Lanka (Arachnida Scorpiones) Part III Heterometrus yaleensis sp n (Scorpionidae)</mods:title>
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(
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, 
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<geoCoordinate id="EE76503C133F8472FE803BC4FE41A3C6" box="[268,411,1977,2001]" degrees="81" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" precision="1" seconds="34.1" value="81.39281">81°23'34.1&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 
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.
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a. s. l. (Locality 
<emphasis id="B936EAE9133F8472FD3F3BC4FD29A3C6" bold="true" box="[691,755,1977,2001]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
18 
<collectionCode id="ED53AE3E133F8472FD413BC4FD29A3C6" box="[717,755,1977,2001]" country="Australia" name="CSIRO Canberra Rhizobium Collection" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">CC</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
)
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, 
<date id="FFFC103B133F8472FFFD3BA4FF2DA3E6" box="[113,247,2009,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" value="2018-03-07" valueMax="2018-03-08" valueMin="2018-03-07">7.-8.III.2018</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D44FD72133F8472FE8E3BA4FEF9A3E6" box="[258,291,2009,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<typeStatus id="54F98859133F8472FEBD3BA4FE4AA3E6" box="[305,400,2009,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
), leg. Kovařík et al.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586570133F8472FCBC380BFB43A0B9" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB133F8472FCBC380BFB43A0B9" blockId="3.[816,1474,1142,1198]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">ETYMOLOGY. Named after Yale National Park, which includes both localities of the new species.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586570133F8472FCBC38ABFB42A2B9" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB133F8472FCBC38ABFB42A2B9" blockId="3.[816,1475,1238,1710]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
DIAGNOSIS. Total length of adults 75 (male) to 103 (female) mm. Base color uniformly reddish brown to black, telson yellow to reddish brown, legs yellow to reddish brown, lighter than body. Chelicerae yellow with dark reticulation, anterior manus and fingers reddish black. Pectines with 13–14 teeth in both sexes. Male pedipalp chela, femur and patella narrower and longer than female, ratio chela length/ manus width 
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male, 
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female. Chela lobiform in both sexes, strongly tuberculate with pronounced carination, including dorsointernal carina on chela in both sexes. Patella of pedipalp with several small internal tubercles. Carapace smooth, very sparsely granulated laterally. Metasomal segment I wider than long, length/ width ratio 
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both sexes. Telson hirsute, elongate, ventrally sparsely granulate, vesicle approximately as long as aculeus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586570133F847BFCBC3AA8FC5FA201" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB133F8472FCBC3AA8FC39A3B9" blockId="3.[816,1474,1749,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B936EAE9133F8472FCBC3AA8FC6EA2FA" bold="true" box="[816,948,1749,1773]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Description</emphasis>
. Total length male 
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<quantity id="4CBA9B1E133F8472FA8E3AABFAB3A2FA" box="[1282,1385,1750,1774]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.529999999999999" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="75.3">75.3 mm</quantity>
, female 
<typeStatus id="54F98859133F8472FCBC3A8BFC56A319" box="[816,908,1782,1806]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
<quantity id="4CBA9B1E133F8472FC1E3A8BFBD8A31A" box="[914,1026,1782,1806]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.028" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="102.8">102.8 mm</quantity>
. Coloration (
<figureCitation id="13792A7E133F8472FB073A8BFB28A319" box="[1163,1266,1782,1806]" captionStart-0="Figures 1–2" captionStart-1="Figures 3–4" captionStartId-0="4.[116,201,1389,1413]" captionStartId-1="5.[113,198,1791,1815]" captionTargetBox-0="[126,1466,248,1371]" captionTargetBox-1="[131,1443,304,1724]" captionTargetId-0="figure-333@4.[113,1474,215,1388]" captionTargetId-1="figure-129@5.[113,1474,275,1760]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="Figures 1–2: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n., holotype male, dorsal (1) and ventral (2) views. Scale bar: 10 mm." captionText-1="Figures 3–4: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n., paratype female, dorsal (3) and ventral (4) views. Scale bar: 10 mm." pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13792A7E133F8472FB703A8BFA9EA319" box="[1276,1348,1782,1806]" captionStart="Figures 51–52" captionStartId="12.[116,201,2010,2034]" captionTargetBox="[113,1474,234,1973]" captionTargetId="figure-36@12.[113,1474,234,1973]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 51–52: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n., in vivo habitus. Male holotype (51) and female paratype (52)." pageId="3" pageNumber="2">51–52</figureCitation>
): base color uniformly reddish brown to black; telson and sternopectinal area yellow to reddish brown; legs yellow to reddish brown, lighter than body. Measurements of the carapace, telson, segments of the metasoma and segments of the pedipalps are given in 
<tableCitation id="C6C00340133F8472FC013BEBFC07A3B9" box="[909,989,1942,1966]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[111,174,1047,1071]" captionText="Table 1. Comparative measurements of Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n. types. Abbreviations: length (L), width (W, in carapace it corresponds to posterior width), depth (D)." pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB133F8475FCBC3BC8FDB0A1F2" blockId="3.[816,1474,1749,2030]" lastBlockId="4.[113,771,1453,2021]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B936EAE9133F8472FCBC3BC8FC73A3DA" bold="true" box="[816,937,1973,1997]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Chelicerae</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13792A7E133F8472FC453BCBFB84A3D9" box="[969,1118,1974,1998]" captionStart="Figures 13–27" captionStartId="7.[116,201,1918,1942]" captionTargetBox="[118,1474,243,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-9@7.[113,1474,234,1897]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 13–27: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n., paratype female. Figures 13–21. Pedipalp chela dorsal (13), external (14), and ventral (15) views, pedipalp patella dorsal (16), external (17), and ventral (18) views, pedipalp femur dorsal (19) and ventral (20) views, and pedipalp movable finger dorsal view (21). The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 13–19. Figures 22–25. Distal segments of legs I–IV, retrolateral views. Figures 26–27. Right chelicera dorsal (26) and ventral (27) views." pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Figs. 26–27</figureCitation>
). Chelicerae yellow strongly reticulate, anterior part reddish black. Fingers reddish brown to black. Dentition typical for the genus, teeth sharp. Tegument basally smooth and glossy without granulation.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3D667313388475FFF83910FACFA192" box="[116,1301,1389,1413]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" startId="4.[116,201,1389,1413]" targetBox="[126,1466,248,1371]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB13388475FFF83910FACFA192" blockId="4.[116,1301,1389,1413]" box="[116,1301,1389,1413]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913388475FFF83910FF22A192" bold="true" box="[116,248,1389,1413]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Figures 1–2</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C424D7813388475FE8A3913FDDAA192" authority="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský, 2019" authorityName="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský" authorityYear="2019" box="[262,512,1389,1413]" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" genus="Heterometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yaleensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913388475FE8A3913FDDAA192" box="[262,512,1389,1413]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Heterometrus yaleensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A205579213388475FD8B3910FD98A192" box="[519,578,1389,1413]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913388475FD8B3910FDFAA192" bold="true" box="[519,544,1389,1413]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">sp</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913388475FDA13910FDE6A192" bold="true" box="[557,572,1389,1413]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype male, dorsal (1) and ventral (2) views. Scale bar: 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB13388475FFFD3990FEB3A3B2" blockId="4.[113,771,1453,2021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913388475FFFD3990FF3AA212" bold="true" box="[113,224,1517,1541]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Pedipalps</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13792A7E13388475FF7F3990FEB6A212" box="[243,364,1517,1541]" captionStart-0="Figures 5–12" captionStart-1="Figures 13–27" captionStartId-0="6.[115,200,1970,1994]" captionStartId-1="7.[116,201,1918,1942]" captionTargetBox-0="[136,1450,278,1925]" captionTargetBox-1="[118,1474,243,1892]" captionTargetId-0="figure-58@6.[113,1474,263,1943]" captionTargetId-1="figure-9@7.[113,1474,234,1897]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="Figures 5–12: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n., holotype male, pedipalp chela dorsal (5), external (6), and ventral (7) views, pedipalp patela dorsal (8), external (9), and ventral (10) views, pedipalp femur dorsal (11) and ventral (12) views." captionText-1="Figures 13–27: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n., paratype female. Figures 13–21. Pedipalp chela dorsal (13), external (14), and ventral (15) views, pedipalp patella dorsal (16), external (17), and ventral (18) views, pedipalp femur dorsal (19) and ventral (20) views, and pedipalp movable finger dorsal view (21). The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 13–19. Figures 22–25. Distal segments of legs I–IV, retrolateral views. Figures 26–27. Right chelicera dorsal (26) and ventral (27) views." pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Figs. 5–21</figureCitation>
). Orthobothriotaxic 
<typeStatus id="54F9885913388475FDC73990FDA3A212" box="[587,633,1517,1541]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">type</typeStatus>
C. Pedipalp femur with three trichobothria, only one of which lies on the internal surface. Patella of pedipalp with 19 trichobothria (
<figureCitation id="13792A7E13388475FFF53A30FF26A272" box="[121,252,1613,1637]" captionStart="Figures 13–27" captionStartId="7.[116,201,1918,1942]" captionTargetBox="[118,1474,243,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-9@7.[113,1474,234,1897]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 13–27: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n., paratype female. Figures 13–21. Pedipalp chela dorsal (13), external (14), and ventral (15) views, pedipalp patella dorsal (16), external (17), and ventral (18) views, pedipalp femur dorsal (19) and ventral (20) views, and pedipalp movable finger dorsal view (21). The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 13–19. Figures 22–25. Distal segments of legs I–IV, retrolateral views. Figures 26–27. Right chelicera dorsal (26) and ventral (27) views." pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Figs. 16–18</figureCitation>
), one internal, two dorsal, three ventral and 13 external. Chela of pedipalp with standard 26 trichobothria (
<figureCitation id="13792A7E13388475FFF53AF0FF21A2B2" box="[121,251,1677,1701]" captionStart="Figures 13–27" captionStartId="7.[116,201,1918,1942]" captionTargetBox="[118,1474,243,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-9@7.[113,1474,234,1897]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 13–27: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n., paratype female. Figures 13–21. Pedipalp chela dorsal (13), external (14), and ventral (15) views, pedipalp patella dorsal (16), external (17), and ventral (18) views, pedipalp femur dorsal (19) and ventral (20) views, and pedipalp movable finger dorsal view (21). The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 13–19. Figures 22–25. Distal segments of legs I–IV, retrolateral views. Figures 26–27. Right chelicera dorsal (26) and ventral (27) views." pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Figs. 13–15</figureCitation>
). Male with fingers, chela, femur and patella of pedipalp narrower and longer than female, ratio of chela length/ manus width 
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male, 
<quantity id="4CBA9B1E13388475FE253AB0FE2DA2F2" box="[425,503,1741,1765]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7752" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="in" value="1.88">1.88 in</quantity>
female. Chela lobiform in male, strongly tuberculate with pronounced carination, including dorsointernal carina in both sexes. Patella smooth with seven obsolete carinae developed, with several small internal tubercles. Femur smooth, with four granulate carinae developed. Fingers extremely short, especially the fixed finger of the female (
<figureCitation id="13792A7E13388475FE813BF0FE87A3B2" box="[269,349,1933,1957]" captionStart="Figures 13–27" captionStartId="7.[116,201,1918,1942]" captionTargetBox="[118,1474,243,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-9@7.[113,1474,234,1897]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 13–27: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n., paratype female. Figures 13–21. Pedipalp chela dorsal (13), external (14), and ventral (15) views, pedipalp patella dorsal (16), external (17), and ventral (18) views, pedipalp femur dorsal (19) and ventral (20) views, and pedipalp movable finger dorsal view (21). The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 13–19. Figures 22–25. Distal segments of legs I–IV, retrolateral views. Figures 26–27. Right chelicera dorsal (26) and ventral (27) views." pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB13388475FFFD3BD0FBDCA253" blockId="4.[113,771,1453,2021]" lastBlockId="4.[816,1475,1453,2021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913388475FFFD3BD0FF05A3D2" bold="true" box="[113,223,1965,1989]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Carapace</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13792A7E13388475FF7D3BD0FE7EA3D2" box="[241,420,1965,1989]" captionStart="Figures 36–45" captionStartId="9.[113,196,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[113,1474,225,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-164@9.[113,1474,225,1794]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figures 36–45: Figures 36–39, 43–45: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n. Figures 40–42: H.gravimanus (Pocock, 1894).Figures 36–37. Holotype male, carapace andtergite I(36), andsternopectinal region andsternitesIII–V (37).Figures 38–39.Paratypefemale,carapace and tergites I–II (38), and sternopectinal region and sternites III–IV (39). Figures 40–45. Comparison of right hemispermatophores of H. gravimanus from North Central Province,Anuradhapura District, Mihintale, 08°20'51.8&quot;N 080°30'27.7&quot;E, 156 m a.s.l. (40–42; reproduced from Kovařík et. al., 2016) and H. yaleensis sp. n., holotype male (43–45). Convex (40 and 43), anterior (41 and 44) and concave (42 and 45) aspects. Scale bars: 2 mm (40–42 and 43–45).Abbreviations: bl, basal lobe; dl, distal lamina; dtdl, dorsal trough of distal lamina; h, hook; ml, median lobe; mtt, median transverse trough; pl, proximal lobe; t, trunk; tf, truncal flexure." pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Figs. 36 and 38</figureCitation>
). Slightly trapezoidal (narrower anteriorly) and slightly longer than wide; anterior margin strongly concave medially. Tegument smooth very sparsely granulated laterally. Median and posteriolateral furrows wide and deep, others absent. Median eyes large and raised; three pairs of lateral eyes of the same size, aligned along each anterolateral corner.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB13388475FCBC3A30FCA8A392" blockId="4.[816,1475,1453,2021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913388475FCBC3A30FC72A272" bold="true" box="[816,936,1613,1637]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Mesosoma</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13792A7E13388475FC4D3A30FBEBA272" box="[961,1073,1613,1637]" captionStart-0="Figures 1–2" captionStart-1="Figures 3–4" captionStartId-0="4.[116,201,1389,1413]" captionStartId-1="5.[113,198,1791,1815]" captionTargetBox-0="[126,1466,248,1371]" captionTargetBox-1="[131,1443,304,1724]" captionTargetId-0="figure-333@4.[113,1474,215,1388]" captionTargetId-1="figure-129@5.[113,1474,275,1760]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="Figures 1–2: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n., holotype male, dorsal (1) and ventral (2) views. Scale bar: 10 mm." captionText-1="Figures 3–4: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n., paratype female, dorsal (3) and ventral (4) views. Scale bar: 10 mm." pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13792A7E13388475FBCA3A30FB57A272" box="[1094,1165,1613,1637]" captionStart="Figures 36–45" captionStartId="9.[113,196,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[113,1474,225,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-164@9.[113,1474,225,1794]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figures 36–45: Figures 36–39, 43–45: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n. Figures 40–42: H.gravimanus (Pocock, 1894).Figures 36–37. Holotype male, carapace andtergite I(36), andsternopectinal region andsternitesIII–V (37).Figures 38–39.Paratypefemale,carapace and tergites I–II (38), and sternopectinal region and sternites III–IV (39). Figures 40–45. Comparison of right hemispermatophores of H. gravimanus from North Central Province,Anuradhapura District, Mihintale, 08°20'51.8&quot;N 080°30'27.7&quot;E, 156 m a.s.l. (40–42; reproduced from Kovařík et. al., 2016) and H. yaleensis sp. n., holotype male (43–45). Convex (40 and 43), anterior (41 and 44) and concave (42 and 45) aspects. Scale bars: 2 mm (40–42 and 43–45).Abbreviations: bl, basal lobe; dl, distal lamina; dtdl, dorsal trough of distal lamina; h, hook; ml, median lobe; mtt, median transverse trough; pl, proximal lobe; t, trunk; tf, truncal flexure." pageId="4" pageNumber="3">36–39</figureCitation>
). Tergites smooth, lacking carinae. Sternum standard for the genus: 
<typeStatus id="54F9885913388475FA833A10FAE7A292" box="[1295,1341,1645,1669]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">type</typeStatus>
2 with six sides, with posterior emargination and convex lateral lobes, vertical compression absent, apex width slightly narrower than posterior width. Pectines of typical size for the genus, short, wide and setose. Pectinal tooth count 
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both sexes. Pectines with 3 marginal lamellae, 4 middle lamellae. Sternites lack carinae, surfaces smooth and sparsely setose. Posterior margins of sternites IV-VI each with smooth median patch.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB13388474FCBC3BF0FF20A380" blockId="4.[816,1475,1453,2021]" lastBlockId="5.[113,771,1855,2039]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913388475FCBC3BF0FCBFA3B2" bold="true" box="[816,869,1933,1957]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Legs</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13792A7E13388475FC0A3BF0FBC1A3B2" box="[902,1051,1933,1957]" captionStart="Figures 13–27" captionStartId="7.[116,201,1918,1942]" captionTargetBox="[118,1474,243,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-9@7.[113,1474,234,1897]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 13–27: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n., paratype female. Figures 13–21. Pedipalp chela dorsal (13), external (14), and ventral (15) views, pedipalp patella dorsal (16), external (17), and ventral (18) views, pedipalp femur dorsal (19) and ventral (20) views, and pedipalp movable finger dorsal view (21). The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 13–19. Figures 22–25. Distal segments of legs I–IV, retrolateral views. Figures 26–27. Right chelicera dorsal (26) and ventral (27) views." pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Figs. 22–25</figureCitation>
). Retrolateral pedal spurs absent. Lateroapical margins of tarsi produced into rounded lobes. Legs smooth, without carinae and granules, unevenly hirsute. Tarsomere I hirsute. Tarsomere II with spiniform setae and several spines. Spiniform seta formula of tarsomere II is 4/4: 4/4: 5/4: 5/4.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3D667313398474FFFD3A82FAFCA300" box="[113,1318,1791,1816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" startId="5.[113,198,1791,1815]" targetBox="[131,1443,304,1724]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB13398474FFFD3A82FAFCA300" blockId="5.[113,1318,1791,1816]" box="[113,1318,1791,1816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913398474FFFD3A82FF2CA300" bold="true" box="[113,246,1791,1815]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Figures 3–4</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C424D7813398474FE883B7DFE24A300" authority="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský, 2019" authorityName="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský" authorityYear="2019" box="[260,510,1791,1815]" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" genus="Heterometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yaleensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913398474FE883B7DFE24A300" box="[260,510,1791,1815]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Heterometrus yaleensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A205579213398474FD883A82FD9AA300" box="[516,576,1791,1815]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913398474FD883A82FDC7A300" bold="true" box="[516,541,1791,1815]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">sp</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913398474FDA73A82FDE0A300" bold="true" box="[555,570,1791,1815]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype female, dorsal (3) and ventral (4) views. Scale bar: 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB1339847BFFFD3BE2FD2CA741" blockId="5.[113,771,1855,2039]" lastBlockId="10.[113,772,766,1942]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913398474FFFD3BE2FE87A3A0" bold="true" box="[113,349,1951,1975]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Metasoma and telson</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13792A7E13398474FEE43BE2FE32A3A0" box="[360,488,1951,1975]" captionStart="Figures 28–35" captionStartId="8.[113,198,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[119,1459,275,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-76@8.[113,1474,255,1908]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 28–35: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n., telson and metasoma. Figures 28, 30–32. Holotype male, telson lateral (28), metasoma and telson, lateral (30), ventral (31), and dorsal (32) views. Figures 29, 33–35. Polotype female, telson lateral (29), metasoma and telson, lateral (33), ventral (34), and dorsal (35) views. Scale bar: 10 mm (30–35)." pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Figs. 28–35</figureCitation>
).All segments with carinae developed. All carinae on metasoma V and dorsal carinae on metasoma II-IV granulate, others smooth. Metasomal segment I wider than long, length/ width ratio 
<quantity id="4CBA9B1E13398474FB333B42FA9FA340" box="[1215,1349,1855,1879]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1082" metricValueMax="2.1844" metricValueMin="2.032" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" unit="in" value="0.83" valueMax="0.86" valueMin="0.8">0.80–0.86 in</quantity>
both sexes. The metasoma I-IV with eight carinae, metasoma V with seven carinae. All metasomal segments completely smooth without granules. Several minute granules present only on dorsal aspect of metasoma V. Metasoma sparsely hirsute with long reddish macrosetae. Telson hirsute with long macrosetae, smooth, sparsely granulated ventrally. Vesicle elongate, lateral profile elliptic or weakly pyriform. Aculeus curved with thick base, distally sharply bent, approximately as long as vesicle.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3D6673133A8477FFFF3BCFFAF5A3FD" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" startId="6.[115,200,1970,1994]" targetBox="[136,1450,278,1925]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB133A8477FFFF3BCFFAF5A3FD" blockId="6.[115,1417,1970,2026]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B936EAE9133A8477FFFF3BCFFEDEA3DD" bold="true" box="[115,260,1970,1994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Figures 5–12</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C424D78133A8477FE9E3BCEFDD6A3DD" authority="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský, 2019" authorityName="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský" authorityYear="2019" box="[274,524,1970,1994]" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" genus="Heterometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yaleensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B936EAE9133A8477FE9E3BCEFDD6A3DD" box="[274,524,1970,1994]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Heterometrus yaleensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2055792133A8477FD9F3BCFFD94A3DE" box="[531,590,1970,1994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B936EAE9133A8477FD9F3BCFFDF6A3DD" bold="true" box="[531,556,1970,1994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">sp</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE9133A8477FDB53BCFFD92A3DD" bold="true" box="[569,584,1970,1994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype male, pedipalp chela dorsal (5), external (6), and ventral (7) views, pedipalp patela dorsal (8), external (9), and ventral (10) views, pedipalp femur dorsal (11) and ventral (12) views.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3D6673133B8476FFF83B03FAE7A3E1" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" startId="7.[116,201,1918,1942]" targetBox="[118,1474,243,1892]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB133B8476FFF83B03FAE7A3E1" blockId="7.[116,1475,1918,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B936EAE9133B8476FFF83B03FECEA381" bold="true" box="[116,276,1918,1942]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Figures 13–27</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C424D78133B8476FEAF3B02FDC4A381" authority="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský, 2019" authorityName="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský" authorityYear="2019" box="[291,542,1918,1942]" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" genus="Heterometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yaleensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B936EAE9133B8476FEAF3B02FDC4A381" box="[291,542,1918,1942]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Heterometrus yaleensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2055792133B8476FDAA3B03FDB8A382" box="[550,610,1918,1942]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B936EAE9133B8476FDAA3B03FDE5A381" bold="true" box="[550,575,1918,1942]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">sp</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE9133B8476FDC13B03FD86A381" bold="true" box="[589,604,1918,1942]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype female. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE9133B8476FCA03B03FC11A381" bold="true" box="[812,971,1918,1942]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Figures 13–21</emphasis>
. Pedipalp chela dorsal (13), external (14), and ventral (15) views, pedipalp patella dorsal (16), external (17), and ventral (18) views, pedipalp femur dorsal (19) and ventral (20) views, and pedipalp movable finger dorsal view (21). The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 13–19. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE9133B8476FA903BC3FA61A3C1" bold="true" box="[1308,1467,1982,2006]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Figures 22–25</emphasis>
. Distal segments of legs I–IV, retrolateral views. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE9133B8476FDFA3BA3FCCEA3E1" bold="true" box="[630,788,2014,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Figures 26–27</emphasis>
. Right chelicera dorsal (26) and ventral (27) views.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3D667313348479FFFD3BE7FBA7A3E5" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" startId="8.[113,198,1946,1970]" targetBox="[119,1459,275,1896]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB13348479FFFD3BE7FBA7A3E5" blockId="8.[113,1472,1946,2034]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913348479FFFD3BE7FEC8A3A5" bold="true" box="[113,274,1946,1970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figures 28–35</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C424D7813348479FEAF3BE6FDFAA3A5" authority="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský, 2019" authorityName="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský" authorityYear="2019" box="[291,544,1946,1970]" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" genus="Heterometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yaleensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913348479FEAF3BE6FDFAA3A5" box="[291,544,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Heterometrus yaleensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A205579213348479FDA53BE7FDBDA3A5" box="[553,615,1946,1970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913348479FDA53BE7FD98A3A5" bold="true" box="[553,578,1946,1970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">sp</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913348479FDDE3BE7FDBBA3A5" bold="true" box="[594,609,1946,1970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, telson and metasoma. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913348479FCE03BE7FC3CA3A5" bold="true" box="[876,998,1946,1970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figures 28</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913348479FC793BE7FBEDA3A5" bold="true" box="[1013,1079,1946,1970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">30–32</emphasis>
. Holotype male, telson lateral (28), metasoma and telson, lateral (30), ventral (31), and dorsal (32) views. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913348479FCE43BC7FC3AA3C5" bold="true" box="[872,992,1978,2002]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Figures 29</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913348479FC623BC7FBEAA3C5" bold="true" box="[1006,1072,1978,2002]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">33–35</emphasis>
. Polotype female, telson lateral (29), metasoma and telson, lateral (33), ventral (34), and dorsal (35) views. Scale bar: 10 mm (30–35).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3D667313358478FFFD3B64FAECA3E5" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" startId="9.[113,196,1817,1841]" targetBox="[113,1474,225,1794]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB13358478FFFD3B64FAECA3E5" blockId="9.[113,1472,1817,2034]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FFFD3B64FED0A325" bold="true" box="[113,266,1817,1842]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Figures 36–45</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FE9A3B64FE74A325" bold="true" box="[278,430,1817,1842]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Figures 36–39</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FE353B67FE20A325" bold="true" box="[441,506,1818,1842]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">43–45</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C424D7813358478FD8A3B67FD2DA325" authority="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský, 2019" authorityName="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský" authorityYear="2019" box="[518,759,1818,1842]" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" genus="Heterometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yaleensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FD8A3B67FD2DA325" box="[518,759,1818,1842]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Heterometrus yaleensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A205579213358478FD773B67FCEEA326" box="[763,820,1818,1842]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FD773B67FCC9A325" bold="true" box="[763,787,1818,1842]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">sp</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FC923B67FCF6A325" bold="true" box="[798,812,1818,1842]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FCB43B64FC0BA325" bold="true" box="[824,977,1817,1842]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Figures 40–42</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C424D7813358478FC503B67FAC3A325" authority="(Pocock, 1894)" baseAuthorityName="Pocock" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[988,1305,1818,1842]" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" genus="Heterometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gravimanus">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FC503B67FBAEA326" box="[988,1140,1818,1841]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">H. gravimanus</emphasis>
(Pocock, 1894)
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FAAC3B64FA63A325" bold="true" box="[1312,1465,1817,1842]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Figures 36–37</emphasis>
. Holotype male, carapace and tergite I (36), and sternopectinal region and sternites III–V (37). 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FB993B44FB77A345" bold="true" box="[1045,1197,1849,1874]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Figures 38–39</emphasis>
. Paratype female, carapace and tergites I–II (38), and sternopectinal region and sternites III–IV (39). 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FCE43B24FBD9A365" bold="true" box="[872,1027,1881,1906]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Figures 40–45</emphasis>
. Comparison of right hemispermatophores of 
<taxonomicName id="4C424D7813358478FF003B07FEFFA386" baseAuthorityName="Pocock" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[140,293,1914,1937]" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" genus="Heterometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gravimanus">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FF003B07FEFFA386" box="[140,293,1914,1937]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">H. gravimanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from North Central Province, Anuradhapura District, Mihintale, 08°20'51.8&quot;N 080°30'27.7&quot;E, 156 m a.s.l. (40–42; reproduced from Kovařík et. al., 2016) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C424D7813358478FDA33BE7FD74A3A5" authority="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský, 2019" authorityName="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský" authorityYear="2019" box="[559,686,1946,1970]" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" genus="Heterometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yaleensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FDA33BE7FD74A3A5" box="[559,686,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">H. yaleensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A205579213358478FD3F3BE7FD36A3A6" box="[691,748,1946,1970]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FD3F3BE7FD11A3A5" bold="true" box="[691,715,1946,1970]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">sp</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FD543BE7FD3CA3A5" bold="true" box="[728,742,1946,1970]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype male (43–45). Convex (40 and 43), anterior (41 and 44) and concave (42 and 45) aspects. Scale bars: 2 mm (40–42 and 43–45). Abbreviations: 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FC333BC7FC09A3C5" box="[959,979,1978,2002]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">bl</emphasis>
, basal lobe; 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FBDF3BC7FBBDA3C5" box="[1107,1127,1978,2002]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">dl</emphasis>
, distal lamina; 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FA8F3BC7FAF1A3C5" box="[1283,1323,1978,2002]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">dtdl</emphasis>
, dorsal trough of distal lamina; 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FE923BA7FEF1A3E5" box="[286,299,2010,2034]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">h</emphasis>
, hook; 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FEF43BA7FE48A3E5" box="[376,402,2010,2034]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">ml</emphasis>
, median lobe; 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FDA73BA7FD96A3E6" box="[555,588,2010,2033]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">mtt</emphasis>
, median transverse trough; 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FCE53BA7FCA7A3E5" box="[873,893,2010,2034]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">pl</emphasis>
, proximal lobe; 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FBAB3BA7FBF4A3E6" box="[1063,1070,2010,2033]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">t</emphasis>
, trunk; 
<emphasis id="B936EAE913358478FBF23BA7FB56A3E5" box="[1150,1164,2010,2034]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">tf</emphasis>
, truncal flexure.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3D66731336847BFFF83EF0FE66A6F2" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" startId="10.[116,201,653,677]" targetBox="[113,1473,212,623]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB1336847BFFF83EF0FE66A6F2" blockId="10.[116,1474,653,741]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFFF83EF0FEC9A6B2" bold="true" box="[116,275,653,677]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Figures 46–48</emphasis>
: Chromosomes of male holotype 
<taxonomicName id="4C424D781336847BFDF33EF3FCA0A6B2" authority="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský, 2019" authorityName="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský" authorityYear="2019" box="[639,890,653,677]" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" genus="Heterometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yaleensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFDF33EF3FCA0A6B2" box="[639,890,653,677]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Heterometrus yaleensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20557921336847BFC0D3EF0FC64A6B3" box="[897,958,653,677]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFC0D3EF0FC40A6B2" bold="true" box="[897,922,653,677]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">sp</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFC243EF0FC6DA6B2" bold="true" box="[936,951,653,677]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(2n=99). 
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFBA43EF0FB4CA6B2" bold="true" box="[1064,1174,653,677]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Figure 46</emphasis>
. Mitotic metaphase. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFAFB3EF0FF55A6D2" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Figure 47</emphasis>
. Pachytene. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFE963ED0FE53A6D2" bold="true" box="[282,393,685,709]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Figure 48</emphasis>
. Metaphase I. Arrows indicate chromosomes of quadrivalent, arrowheads indicate chromosomes of tetravalent. Scale bar = 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB1336847BFFFD3F23FDB8A141" blockId="10.[113,772,766,1942]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFFFD3F23FE86A761" bold="true" box="[113,348,862,886]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Hemispermatophore</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13792A7E1336847BFEFB3F23FDDCA761" box="[375,518,862,886]" captionStart="Figures 36–45" captionStartId="9.[113,196,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[113,1474,225,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-164@9.[113,1474,225,1794]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figures 36–45: Figures 36–39, 43–45: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n. Figures 40–42: H.gravimanus (Pocock, 1894).Figures 36–37. Holotype male, carapace andtergite I(36), andsternopectinal region andsternitesIII–V (37).Figures 38–39.Paratypefemale,carapace and tergites I–II (38), and sternopectinal region and sternites III–IV (39). Figures 40–45. Comparison of right hemispermatophores of H. gravimanus from North Central Province,Anuradhapura District, Mihintale, 08°20'51.8&quot;N 080°30'27.7&quot;E, 156 m a.s.l. (40–42; reproduced from Kovařík et. al., 2016) and H. yaleensis sp. n., holotype male (43–45). Convex (40 and 43), anterior (41 and 44) and concave (42 and 45) aspects. Scale bars: 2 mm (40–42 and 43–45).Abbreviations: bl, basal lobe; dl, distal lamina; dtdl, dorsal trough of distal lamina; h, hook; ml, median lobe; mtt, median transverse trough; pl, proximal lobe; t, trunk; tf, truncal flexure." pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Figs. 43–45</figureCitation>
). Lamelliform. Distal lamina long, slender, basal capsular portion short, ca. 10% of total lamina length, wider, dorsal trough nearly flat with slightly elevated transverse strip, bordered internally by strong carina; portion of lamina distal to hook uniform in width throughout most of its length; distal terminus of lamina rounded, slightly tapered, not dilated or expanded. Hook prominent, with curved, sharp tip and wide triangular base, lacking dorsal trough. Median lobe elongate, extending from base of hook to truncal flexure, with fine longitudinal carina and trough along internal side. Inner lobe and median transverse trough large, prominent. Basal and proximal lobes smaller but well developed, blunt, rounded. All lobes of capsule region smooth, without barbs or spicules. Trunk broader than both capsule and distal lamina, parallel-sided, with moderately sclerotized diagonal axial rib.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB1336847BFFFD3923FF26A381" blockId="10.[113,772,766,1942]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFFFD3923FF30A161" bold="true" box="[113,234,1374,1398]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Karyotype</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13792A7E1336847BFF723923FE5CA161" box="[254,390,1374,1398]" captionStart="Figures 46–48" captionStartId="10.[116,201,653,677]" captionTargetBox="[113,1473,212,623]" captionTargetId="figure-711@10.[113,1473,212,623]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 46–48: Chromosomes of male holotype Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n. (2n=99). Figure 46. Mitotic metaphase. Figure 47. Pachytene. Figure 48. Metaphase I. Arrows indicate chromosomes of quadrivalent, arrowheads indicate chromosomes of tetravalent. Scale bar = 10 μm." pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Figs. 46–48</figureCitation>
). We analyzed the male 
<typeStatus id="54F988591336847BFD133923FCDAA161" box="[671,768,1374,1398]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. The diploid number of this species is 99 chromosomes (
<figureCitation id="13792A7E1336847BFD543903FF55A1A1" captionStart="Figures 46–48" captionStartId="10.[116,201,653,677]" captionTargetBox="[113,1473,212,623]" captionTargetId="figure-711@10.[113,1473,212,623]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 46–48: Chromosomes of male holotype Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n. (2n=99). Figure 46. Mitotic metaphase. Figure 47. Pachytene. Figure 48. Metaphase I. Arrows indicate chromosomes of quadrivalent, arrowheads indicate chromosomes of tetravalent. Scale bar = 10 μm." pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
). During pachytene and metaphase I we identified also one quadrivalent and one trivalent in additon to 46 bivalents (
<figureCitation id="13792A7E1336847BFFF539A3FED7A1E1" box="[121,269,1502,1526]" captionStart="Figures 46–48" captionStartId="10.[116,201,653,677]" captionTargetBox="[113,1473,212,623]" captionTargetId="figure-711@10.[113,1473,212,623]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 46–48: Chromosomes of male holotype Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n. (2n=99). Figure 46. Mitotic metaphase. Figure 47. Pachytene. Figure 48. Metaphase I. Arrows indicate chromosomes of quadrivalent, arrowheads indicate chromosomes of tetravalent. Scale bar = 10 μm." pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Figs. 47, 48</figureCitation>
). The chromosomes that form multivalents have different lengths. The quadrivalents comprise the two longest chromosomes of the karyotype (1.86 % and 1.71 % of the diploid set) and two shorter chromosomes (1.07 % and 0.89 % of the diploid set). The tetravalent comprises one longer chromosome (1.38 % of the diploid set) and two very short chromosomes (0.71 % and 0.61% of the diploid set). Despite the different lengths, all chromosomes that form multivalents seem to be metacentric. Metacentric morphology of chromosomes predominate also in bivalents (34 pairs). We identified only seven pairs of submetacentric (pairs Nos. 9, 11, 18, 20, 29, 42, 43), three pairs of subtelocentric (pairs Nos. 35, 38, 41) and two pairs of telocentric chromosomes (pairs Nos. 45, 46).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB1336847BFFFD3BC3FC56A7E1" blockId="10.[113,771,1982,2039]" lastBlockId="10.[814,1475,766,1014]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
AFFINITIES. The described features distinguish 
<taxonomicName id="4C424D781336847BFDF03BC2FCD9A3C1" authority="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský, 2019" authorityName="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský" authorityYear="2019" box="[636,771,1982,2006]" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" genus="Heterometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yaleensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFDF03BC2FCD9A3C1" box="[636,771,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">H. yaleensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20557921336847BFFFD3BA3FF77A3E1" box="[113,173,2014,2038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFFFD3BA3FF50A3E1" bold="true" box="[113,138,2014,2038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">sp</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFF1B3BA3FF7CA3E1" bold="true" box="[151,166,2014,2038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
from all other species of the genus. 
<taxonomicName id="4C424D781336847BFDA53BA2FD76A3E1" authority="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský, 2019" authorityName="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský" authorityYear="2019" box="[553,684,2014,2038]" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" genus="Heterometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yaleensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFDA53BA2FD76A3E1" box="[553,684,2014,2038]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">H. yaleensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20557921336847BFD3D3BA3FD36A3E1" box="[689,748,2014,2038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFD3D3BA3FD10A3E1" bold="true" box="[689,714,2014,2038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">sp</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFD5A3BA3FD3FA3E1" bold="true" box="[726,741,2014,2038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is reliably distinguished from all other 
<taxonomicName id="4C424D781336847BFB353E82FA78A701" box="[1209,1442,766,790]" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" genus="Heterometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFB353E82FA94A701" box="[1209,1358,767,790]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Heterometrus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
by the unique carination of the chela, with a strongly developed dorsointernal carina (
<figureCitation id="13792A7E1336847BFBAF3F43FBA8A741" box="[1059,1138,830,854]" captionStart="Figures 5–12" captionStartId="6.[115,200,1970,1994]" captionTargetBox="[136,1450,278,1925]" captionTargetId="figure-58@6.[113,1474,263,1943]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 5–12: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n., holotype male, pedipalp chela dorsal (5), external (6), and ventral (7) views, pedipalp patela dorsal (8), external (9), and ventral (10) views, pedipalp femur dorsal (11) and ventral (12) views." pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
and 
<figureCitation id="13792A7E1336847BFB3D3F43FB16A741" box="[1201,1228,830,854]" captionStart="Figures 13–27" captionStartId="7.[116,201,1918,1942]" captionTargetBox="[118,1474,243,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-9@7.[113,1474,234,1897]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 13–27: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n., paratype female. Figures 13–21. Pedipalp chela dorsal (13), external (14), and ventral (15) views, pedipalp patella dorsal (16), external (17), and ventral (18) views, pedipalp femur dorsal (19) and ventral (20) views, and pedipalp movable finger dorsal view (21). The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 13–19. Figures 22–25. Distal segments of legs I–IV, retrolateral views. Figures 26–27. Right chelicera dorsal (26) and ventral (27) views." pageId="10" pageNumber="9">13</figureCitation>
versus figs. 
<quantity id="4CBA9B1E1336847BFAEF3F43FC9CA761" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2197" metricValueMax="5.8674" metricValueMin="4.572" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="205.5" valueMax="231.0" valueMin="180.0">180–231 in</quantity>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B0A1336847BFCDA3F23FBB6A761" author="KOVARIK" box="[854,1132,862,886]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" refId="ref4070" refString="KOVARIK, F. 2009. Illustrated catalog of scorpions. Part I. Introductory remarks; keys to families and genera; subfamily Scorpioninae with keys to Heterometrus and Pandinus species. Prague: Clairon Production, 170 pp." type="book" year="2009">Kovařík, 2009: 99–101</bibRefCitation>
). Other major taxonomically important characters are the shape and granulation of the pedipalp chela with extremely short fixed finger (
<figureCitation id="13792A7E1336847BFAC53FE3FA4EA7A1" box="[1353,1428,926,950]" captionStart="Figures 5–12" captionStartId="6.[115,200,1970,1994]" captionTargetBox="[136,1450,278,1925]" captionTargetId="figure-58@6.[113,1474,263,1943]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 5–12: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n., holotype male, pedipalp chela dorsal (5), external (6), and ventral (7) views, pedipalp patela dorsal (8), external (9), and ventral (10) views, pedipalp femur dorsal (11) and ventral (12) views." pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
and 
<figureCitation id="13792A7E1336847BFCBD3FC3FC96A7C1" box="[817,844,958,982]" captionStart="Figures 13–27" captionStartId="7.[116,201,1918,1942]" captionTargetBox="[118,1474,243,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-9@7.[113,1474,234,1897]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 13–27: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n., paratype female. Figures 13–21. Pedipalp chela dorsal (13), external (14), and ventral (15) views, pedipalp patella dorsal (16), external (17), and ventral (18) views, pedipalp femur dorsal (19) and ventral (20) views, and pedipalp movable finger dorsal view (21). The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 13–19. Figures 22–25. Distal segments of legs I–IV, retrolateral views. Figures 26–27. Right chelicera dorsal (26) and ventral (27) views." pageId="10" pageNumber="9">13</figureCitation>
) and the spiniform seta formula of tarsomere II 4/4: 4/4: 5/4: 5/4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB1336847BFCBC3863FB63A141" blockId="10.[816,1474,1054,1558]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
COMMENTS ON LOCALITIES AND LIFE STRATEGY. At the 
<typeStatus id="54F988591336847BFA183862FA18A020" box="[1428,1474,1055,1079]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
locality (Locality No. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFBC43843FB52A041" bold="true" box="[1096,1160,1086,1110]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">18CE</emphasis>
, 
<collectingRegion id="4986F8191336847BFB283843FAA1A041" box="[1188,1403,1086,1110]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Southern" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Southern Province</collectingRegion>
, Yale National Park, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE76503C1336847BFC5B3823FBB4A061" box="[983,1134,1118,1142]" degrees="06" direction="north" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" precision="1" seconds="48.1" value="6.2300277">06°13'48.1&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE76503C1336847BFBF43823FAD4A061" box="[1144,1294,1118,1142]" degrees="81" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" precision="1" seconds="27.7" value="81.341034">81°20'27.7&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D44FD721336847BFA903822FA94A061" box="[1308,1358,1119,1142]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="generic">
<quantity id="4CBA9B1E1336847BFA903822FA90A061" box="[1308,1354,1119,1142]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
a.s.l.) and locality No. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFC303803FC24A081" bold="true" box="[956,1022,1150,1174]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">18CC</emphasis>
(
<collectingRegion id="4986F8191336847BFB833803FB07A081" box="[1039,1245,1150,1174]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Southern" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Southern Province</collectingRegion>
, Yale National Park, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE76503C1336847BFCBC38E3FC19A0A1" box="[816,963,1182,1206]" degrees="06" direction="north" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" precision="1" seconds="46.5" value="6.39625">06°23'46.5&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE76503C1336847BFC4038E3FB84A0A1" box="[972,1118,1182,1206]" degrees="81" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" precision="1" seconds="34.1" value="81.39281">81°23'34.1&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D44FD721336847BFBE738E3FB70A0A1" box="[1131,1194,1182,1206]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="generic">
<quantity id="4CBA9B1E1336847BFBE738E3FB7CA0A1" box="[1131,1190,1182,1206]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
a.s.l.) 
<taxonomicName id="4C424D781336847BFB7A38E2FAA1A0A1" authority="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský, 2019" authorityName="Kovařík &amp; Ranawana &amp; Sanjeewa Jayarathne &amp; Hoferek &amp; Šťáhlavský" authorityYear="2019" box="[1270,1403,1182,1206]" class="Arachnida" family="Scorpionidae" genus="Heterometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yaleensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFB7A38E2FAA1A0A1" box="[1270,1403,1182,1206]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">H. yaleensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20557921336847BFA0838E3FA18A0A1" box="[1412,1474,1182,1206]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFA0838E3FA47A0A1" bold="true" box="[1412,1437,1182,1206]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">sp</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFA2138E3FA66A0A1" bold="true" box="[1453,1468,1182,1206]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
constructed oblique 
<quantity id="4CBA9B1E1336847BFB8038C3FB4AA0C1" box="[1036,1168,1214,1238]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" unit="cm" value="40.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="30.0">30 to 50 cm</quantity>
long burrows once or twice curved, situated in open terrain (
<figureCitation id="13792A7E1336847BFB0338A3FAC9A0E1" box="[1167,1299,1246,1270]" captionStart="Figures 49–50" captionStartId="11.[115,200,2013,2037]" captionTargetBox="[113,1474,234,1989]" captionTargetId="figure-26@11.[113,1474,234,1991]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 49–50: Heterometrus yaleensis sp. n., locality 15CC (49) and type locality 15CE (50)" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Figs. 49–50</figureCitation>
). On the ground among leaf litter we also recorded at both of these localities 
<taxonomicName id="4C424D781336847BFCBC3963FB1EA121" authority="Lourenco, 1997" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="1997" box="[816,1220,1310,1334]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="srilankensis">
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFCBC3963FBDDA121" box="[816,1031,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Lychas srilankensis</emphasis>
Lourenço, 1997
</taxonomicName>
and at locality 18CC 
<taxonomicName id="4C424D781336847BFCBC3943FB6FA141" authority="(Karsch, 1879)" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[816,1205,1342,1366]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basilicus">
<emphasis id="B936EAE91336847BFCBC3943FBD1A141" box="[816,1035,1342,1366]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Reddyanus basilicus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B0A1336847BFB953943FB76A141" author="KARSCH" box="[1049,1196,1342,1366]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="97 - 136" refId="ref4005" refString="KARSCH, F. 1879. Skorpionologische Beitrage I. and II. Mitteilungen des Munchener Entomologischen Vereins, 3: 6 - 22, 97 - 136." type="journal article" year="1879">Karsch, 1879</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD36FB1336847BFCBC3922FC5FA201" blockId="10.[816,1474,1054,1558]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">At locality 18CC we recorded temperature varied from 31 ºC (maximum temperature at day) to 24.7 ºC (minimum temperature at night) and humidity varied between 48% and 78%. At the locality 18CE we recorded a minimum nighttime temperature of 24.3 ºC (temperature) and nighttime humidity of 65%.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>