143 lines
39 KiB
XML
143 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="3AC412CB63CE693CA2F852C722AF00AD" ID-CLB-Dataset="7643" ID-DOI="10.1206/906.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="15ad630f-eff2-451d-a5f8-22731ff53851" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4612269" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1615992761985" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Lipke, Elisabeth & Michalik, Peter" docDate="2015" docId="03E487E0302921512EF6A73266547DD5" docLanguage="en" docName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2015.396.1-72.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2015 (396)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1206/906.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C5E2DA72A22EF33813C92A197453A310.5:BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="C5E2DA72A22EF33813C92A197453A310" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Paradysderina yanayacu Platnick" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="FFDDFF98301921612E5DA448625E7969" masterDocTitle="Evolutionary Morphology Of The Primary Male Reproductive System And Spermatozoa Of Goblin Spiders (Oonopidae; Araneae)" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1698933598634" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
|
||
<mods:mods id="3A162C34A17D3715516F0F10280B41E3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="653033976AA066AD7526A8B538ED0FA3">
|
||
<mods:title id="2DB4ECA36394F2784C6B0CEE97315864">Evolutionary Morphology Of The Primary Male Reproductive System And Spermatozoa Of Goblin Spiders (Oonopidae; Araneae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="1AB1E18B6B2BFD51F089194A9B6E7B0A" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="C95323BEA06C7B6F9711578E351E6ECF">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="2E2F324E08C3B9800EBB0AFDDEF2F220">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="9FF5BFF6D57C20B2834DA712D9D9FA74">Lipke, Elisabeth</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="C38E910D88A7DEC0D729EA2796722B48" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="A901AFE262B229514C7C009CB1E2EEA7">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="478FC4469369AC45CB29475DD045E606">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="0EE97140A22052B2CBE27EFEEC3FCE56">Michalik, Peter</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="72743A38622D02B6D41482AE68569E7B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="2AFB9710920A145C7996E0C94C219BAF" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="6A488CF3F4B74437184304C69C775B65">
|
||
<mods:title id="637157DA4E3BA27DBEE0FCC3AB1F2EBF">Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="59EC6F0E2D5287B35C0C46F78FBF3FA7">
|
||
<mods:date id="E0A97519D5B6E83EDF0D7DC0B8FABC1D">2015</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="11C77203EF86786ED3B22B22AA01C851" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="4E9E0CC0D9BAF2CFFBB686DF86069492">2015-09-24</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="8739572A9EAA7AD98B4064880058E02F" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="1F8725F393178645F97C212BA51866CC">2015</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="47B9DC60993EEFADC965F27B33C231D8" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="04B809D2DADAD52F4A38939FF20D8C0F">396</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="34A535488E26AE421237EDF872D16148" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="92AEB979034993F5E19C069349EC28EF">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="1CD3A235C8AF0F37AEF62B1D8B7415F3">72</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="454F12162E3CE0FDD94C1382C1902B07">
|
||
<mods:url id="08C5D5BED06D204FDFB96F8E39D0FE6B">http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1206/906.1</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="5964702E1DBDBA928967224327EC6CBE">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="4E9F19EAF9ECDAA01C153EB5212B3679" type="CLB-Dataset">7643</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="303FE2FDBC05FB891A8DB499E0E8880A" type="DOI">10.1206/906.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="C2C96609C53473FB07B97CE71BF2B8C9" type="GBIF-Dataset">15ad630f-eff2-451d-a5f8-22731ff53851</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="329E4100D7CF17B8D648012D65C62131" type="ISSN">0003-0090</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="9A45D62C272424A0FFF56A75CFCCC50F" type="Zenodo-Dep">4612269</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03E487E0302921512EF6A73266547DD5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4628197" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180671179" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4628197" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487E0302921512EF6A73266547DD5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E487E0302921512EF6A73266547DD5" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357657D302921512EF6A732604E7DC5" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236F6302921512EF6A73263857AC7" blockId="48.[171,610,890,943]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<heading id="D0BA819A302921512EF6A73263857AC7" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D75302921512EF6A73260737AF8" ID-CoL="6TNY5" authority="Platnick" authorityName="Platnick" box="[171,557,890,913]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Paradysderina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanayacu">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4302921512EF6A732639A7AF8" box="[171,452,890,913]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Paradysderina yanayacu</emphasis>
|
||
Platnick
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Dupérre´, 2011
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236F6302921512EC1A78D604E7DC5" blockId="48.[128,654,965,1759]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
SPERM TRANSFER FORM (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512FB7A78D60127AB4" box="[490,588,965,989]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[116,155,1521,1540]" captionTargetBox="[105,1179,208,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-40@37.[102,1185,207,1498]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 32. Surface reconstruction of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu, illustrating the shape and arrangement of all four fused sperm, as well as the arrangement of an individual sperm. Note the very long peN and Ax, which coil around each other within the membrane of syncytium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612369/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">figs. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512C3DA78D60DF7AB4" box="[608,641,965,989]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[150,188,1417,1436]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetId="figure-53@38.[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 33. Characteristics of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: Within the lumen of the deferent ducts, numerous large, oval-shaped sperm conjugates and two types of secretion are visible. B: Cross sections through an entire sperm conjugate showing the arrangement of sperm cell components of all four sperm, which are beginning to coil around each other. C: Synspermia are surrounded by a thin secretion sheath. D: Numerous, densely packed membranes are visible. E: The four spermatids coil around each other, thus the prcN appears helically contorted. F: A small amount of electron-dense material surrounds the peripheral microtubules at the base of the axoneme." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612373/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">33</figureCitation>
|
||
): Large (,12 Mm), oval-shaped synspermia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512ED5A04A63577D71" box="[136,265,1026,1048]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[150,188,1417,1436]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetId="figure-53@38.[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 33. Characteristics of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: Within the lumen of the deferent ducts, numerous large, oval-shaped sperm conjugates and two types of secretion are visible. B: Cross sections through an entire sperm conjugate showing the arrangement of sperm cell components of all four sperm, which are beginning to coil around each other. C: Synspermia are surrounded by a thin secretion sheath. D: Numerous, densely packed membranes are visible. E: The four spermatids coil around each other, thus the prcN appears helically contorted. F: A small amount of electron-dense material surrounds the peripheral microtubules at the base of the axoneme." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612373/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 33A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
) comprising four sperm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512C6EA04A60DF7D71" box="[563,641,1026,1048]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[116,155,1521,1540]" captionTargetBox="[105,1179,208,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-40@37.[102,1185,207,1498]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 32. Surface reconstruction of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu, illustrating the shape and arrangement of all four fused sperm, as well as the arrangement of an individual sperm. Note the very long peN and Ax, which coil around each other within the membrane of syncytium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612369/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
). Numerous membrane stacks are visible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512C19A06862E17D3A" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[150,188,1417,1436]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetId="figure-53@38.[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 33. Characteristics of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: Within the lumen of the deferent ducts, numerous large, oval-shaped sperm conjugates and two types of secretion are visible. B: Cross sections through an entire sperm conjugate showing the arrangement of sperm cell components of all four sperm, which are beginning to coil around each other. C: Synspermia are surrounded by a thin secretion sheath. D: Numerous, densely packed membranes are visible. E: The four spermatids coil around each other, thus the prcN appears helically contorted. F: A small amount of electron-dense material surrounds the peripheral microtubules at the base of the axoneme." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612373/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 33 C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sperm are coiled and curled around each other (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512F5AA01363017D19" box="[263,351,1115,1137]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[116,155,1521,1540]" captionTargetBox="[105,1179,208,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-40@37.[102,1185,207,1498]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 32. Surface reconstruction of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu, illustrating the shape and arrangement of all four fused sperm, as well as the arrangement of an individual sperm. Note the very long peN and Ax, which coil around each other within the membrane of syncytium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612369/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">figs. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512F37A01363E27D19" box="[362,444,1115,1136]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[150,188,1417,1436]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetId="figure-53@38.[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 33. Characteristics of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: Within the lumen of the deferent ducts, numerous large, oval-shaped sperm conjugates and two types of secretion are visible. B: Cross sections through an entire sperm conjugate showing the arrangement of sperm cell components of all four sperm, which are beginning to coil around each other. C: Synspermia are surrounded by a thin secretion sheath. D: Numerous, densely packed membranes are visible. E: The four spermatids coil around each other, thus the prcN appears helically contorted. F: A small amount of electron-dense material surrounds the peripheral microtubules at the base of the axoneme." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612373/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">33E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). A homogeneous secretion sheath (,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B13302921512F32A03063917DE7" box="[367,463,1144,1166]" metricMagnitude="-7" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="nm" value="250.0">250 nm</quantity>
|
||
) surrounds the sperm transfer forms (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512F22A0DE63947DC5" box="[383,458,1174,1196]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[150,188,1417,1436]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetId="figure-53@38.[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 33. Characteristics of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: Within the lumen of the deferent ducts, numerous large, oval-shaped sperm conjugates and two types of secretion are visible. B: Cross sections through an entire sperm conjugate showing the arrangement of sperm cell components of all four sperm, which are beginning to coil around each other. C: Synspermia are surrounded by a thin secretion sheath. D: Numerous, densely packed membranes are visible. E: The four spermatids coil around each other, thus the prcN appears helically contorted. F: A small amount of electron-dense material surrounds the peripheral microtubules at the base of the axoneme." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612373/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357657D302921512EC0A0FD66547DD5" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236F6302921512EC0A0FD60507FB6" blockId="48.[128,654,965,1759]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4302921512EC0A0FD636C7DA3" box="[157,306,1205,1226]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Spermatozoa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512F1DA0FC63C67DA0" box="[320,408,1204,1226]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[116,155,1521,1540]" captionTargetBox="[105,1179,208,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-40@37.[102,1185,207,1498]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 32. Surface reconstruction of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu, illustrating the shape and arrangement of all four fused sperm, as well as the arrangement of an individual sperm. Note the very long peN and Ax, which coil around each other within the membrane of syncytium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612369/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">figs. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512FFEA0FC639C7DA3" box="[419,450,1204,1226]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[150,188,1417,1436]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetId="figure-53@38.[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 33. Characteristics of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: Within the lumen of the deferent ducts, numerous large, oval-shaped sperm conjugates and two types of secretion are visible. B: Cross sections through an entire sperm conjugate showing the arrangement of sperm cell components of all four sperm, which are beginning to coil around each other. C: Synspermia are surrounded by a thin secretion sheath. D: Numerous, densely packed membranes are visible. E: The four spermatids coil around each other, thus the prcN appears helically contorted. F: A small amount of electron-dense material surrounds the peripheral microtubules at the base of the axoneme." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612373/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">33</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4302921512F8BA0FC62E97D8E" bold="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Acrosomal complex:</emphasis>
|
||
AV small (,1.5 Mm), cylindrical (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512ED5A0B862887C6F" box="[136,214,1264,1286]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[116,155,1521,1540]" captionTargetBox="[105,1179,208,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-40@37.[102,1185,207,1498]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 32. Surface reconstruction of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu, illustrating the shape and arrangement of all four fused sperm, as well as the arrangement of an individual sperm. Note the very long peN and Ax, which coil around each other within the membrane of syncytium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612369/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
), with narrow subacrosomal space. AF originates from the narrow subacrosomal space and extends into the nuclear canal but clearly ends before the axonemal base.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4302921512EDDA12E62BF7C12" bold="true" box="[128,225,1382,1403]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Nucleus:</emphasis>
|
||
prcN elongated (,22.9 Mm) and helically contorted (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512FD9A1CC604D7CF0" box="[388,531,1412,1434]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[150,188,1417,1436]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetId="figure-53@38.[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 33. Characteristics of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: Within the lumen of the deferent ducts, numerous large, oval-shaped sperm conjugates and two types of secretion are visible. B: Cross sections through an entire sperm conjugate showing the arrangement of sperm cell components of all four sperm, which are beginning to coil around each other. C: Synspermia are surrounded by a thin secretion sheath. D: Numerous, densely packed membranes are visible. E: The four spermatids coil around each other, thus the prcN appears helically contorted. F: A small amount of electron-dense material surrounds the peripheral microtubules at the base of the axoneme." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612373/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 33E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Surface reconstructions reveal a tubelike shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512ED5A1F762887CBC" box="[136,214,1471,1493]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[116,155,1521,1540]" captionTargetBox="[105,1179,208,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-40@37.[102,1185,207,1498]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 32. Surface reconstruction of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu, illustrating the shape and arrangement of all four fused sperm, as well as the arrangement of an individual sperm. Note the very long peN and Ax, which coil around each other within the membrane of syncytium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612369/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
). peN long (,61.9 Mm) and mainly oval in cross sections (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512F24A19463A77C9B" box="[377,505,1500,1522]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[150,188,1417,1436]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetId="figure-53@38.[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 33. Characteristics of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: Within the lumen of the deferent ducts, numerous large, oval-shaped sperm conjugates and two types of secretion are visible. B: Cross sections through an entire sperm conjugate showing the arrangement of sperm cell components of all four sperm, which are beginning to coil around each other. C: Synspermia are surrounded by a thin secretion sheath. D: Numerous, densely packed membranes are visible. E: The four spermatids coil around each other, thus the prcN appears helically contorted. F: A small amount of electron-dense material surrounds the peripheral microtubules at the base of the axoneme." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612373/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 33B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). NC located in the periphery (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512F11A1B263F57F79" box="[332,427,1530,1552]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[150,188,1417,1436]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetId="figure-53@38.[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 33. Characteristics of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: Within the lumen of the deferent ducts, numerous large, oval-shaped sperm conjugates and two types of secretion are visible. B: Cross sections through an entire sperm conjugate showing the arrangement of sperm cell components of all four sperm, which are beginning to coil around each other. C: Synspermia are surrounded by a thin secretion sheath. D: Numerous, densely packed membranes are visible. E: The four spermatids coil around each other, thus the prcN appears helically contorted. F: A small amount of electron-dense material surrounds the peripheral microtubules at the base of the axoneme." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612373/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 33C</figureCitation>
|
||
) but empty for the most part (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512F5FA250633B7F47" box="[258,357,1560,1582]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[150,188,1417,1436]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetId="figure-53@38.[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 33. Characteristics of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: Within the lumen of the deferent ducts, numerous large, oval-shaped sperm conjugates and two types of secretion are visible. B: Cross sections through an entire sperm conjugate showing the arrangement of sperm cell components of all four sperm, which are beginning to coil around each other. C: Synspermia are surrounded by a thin secretion sheath. D: Numerous, densely packed membranes are visible. E: The four spermatids coil around each other, thus the prcN appears helically contorted. F: A small amount of electron-dense material surrounds the peripheral microtubules at the base of the axoneme." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612373/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 33C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAE4302921512F24A25F63B27F45" bold="true" box="[377,492,1559,1580]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Axoneme:</emphasis>
|
||
long (,160.3 Mm). 9+3 microtubular pattern (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512FA2A27D60157F22" box="[511,587,1589,1611]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[150,188,1417,1436]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetId="figure-53@38.[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 33. Characteristics of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: Within the lumen of the deferent ducts, numerous large, oval-shaped sperm conjugates and two types of secretion are visible. B: Cross sections through an entire sperm conjugate showing the arrangement of sperm cell components of all four sperm, which are beginning to coil around each other. C: Synspermia are surrounded by a thin secretion sheath. D: Numerous, densely packed membranes are visible. E: The four spermatids coil around each other, thus the prcN appears helically contorted. F: A small amount of electron-dense material surrounds the peripheral microtubules at the base of the axoneme." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612373/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
C–F). Little centriolar adjunct surrounds both centrioles, as well as the base of the Ax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512C7DA23860DE7FEF" box="[544,640,1648,1670]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[150,188,1417,1436]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetId="figure-53@38.[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 33. Characteristics of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: Within the lumen of the deferent ducts, numerous large, oval-shaped sperm conjugates and two types of secretion are visible. B: Cross sections through an entire sperm conjugate showing the arrangement of sperm cell components of all four sperm, which are beginning to coil around each other. C: Synspermia are surrounded by a thin secretion sheath. D: Numerous, densely packed membranes are visible. E: The four spermatids coil around each other, thus the prcN appears helically contorted. F: A small amount of electron-dense material surrounds the peripheral microtubules at the base of the axoneme." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612373/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 33F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Moreover, the peripheral microtubules of the central portion of Ax are surrounded by electron-dense material (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512FC1A281605F7FB6" box="[412,513,1737,1759]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[150,188,1417,1436]" captionTargetBox="[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetId="figure-53@38.[128,1230,208,1394]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 33. Characteristics of synspermia of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: Within the lumen of the deferent ducts, numerous large, oval-shaped sperm conjugates and two types of secretion are visible. B: Cross sections through an entire sperm conjugate showing the arrangement of sperm cell components of all four sperm, which are beginning to coil around each other. C: Synspermia are surrounded by a thin secretion sheath. D: Numerous, densely packed membranes are visible. E: The four spermatids coil around each other, thus the prcN appears helically contorted. F: A small amount of electron-dense material surrounds the peripheral microtubules at the base of the axoneme." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612373/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 33D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236F6302921512C87A49B66547DD5" blockId="48.[701,1228,211,1212]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
NOTES ON SPERMIOGENESIS (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512A02A49B66E07982" box="[1119,1214,211,235]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[116,155,1416,1435]" captionTargetBox="[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetId="figure-63@39.[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 34. Characteristics of spermiogenesis of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: A small AV that is attached to the cell membrane is formed at the anterior pole of nucleus. B: Little electron-dense material is associated with the posterior portion of the AV. C: The large IF contains numerous mitochondria. D: During the development of the spermatids the prcN extremely elongates and screws. E: Little electrondense material is associated with the peripheral microtubules in the axoneme. F: At the end of spermiogenesis four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other and finally form a large synspermium. G: Large membrane whirls are visible within the sperm conjugate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612375/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 34</figureCitation>
|
||
): Within the testis all stages of spermiogenesis are visible. Developing spermatids are arranged in cysts. Early spermatids are characterized by, e.g., a large, mainly spherical nucleus and a developing acrosomal complex. While the chromatin starts to condense it appears fibrillar (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512DA0A5EC661278D3" box="[1021,1100,420,442]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[116,155,1416,1435]" captionTargetBox="[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetId="figure-63@39.[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 34. Characteristics of spermiogenesis of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: A small AV that is attached to the cell membrane is formed at the anterior pole of nucleus. B: Little electron-dense material is associated with the posterior portion of the AV. C: The large IF contains numerous mitochondria. D: During the development of the spermatids the prcN extremely elongates and screws. E: Little electrondense material is associated with the peripheral microtubules in the axoneme. F: At the end of spermiogenesis four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other and finally form a large synspermium. G: Large membrane whirls are visible within the sperm conjugate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612375/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 34</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C). The proximal portion of the small, cylindrical AV is enclosed by a little electron-dense material (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512D1CA5B561847B7B" box="[833,986,509,531]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[116,155,1416,1435]" captionTargetBox="[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetId="figure-63@39.[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 34. Characteristics of spermiogenesis of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: A small AV that is attached to the cell membrane is formed at the anterior pole of nucleus. B: Little electron-dense material is associated with the posterior portion of the AV. C: The large IF contains numerous mitochondria. D: During the development of the spermatids the prcN extremely elongates and screws. E: Little electrondense material is associated with the peripheral microtubules in the axoneme. F: At the end of spermiogenesis four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other and finally form a large synspermium. G: Large membrane whirls are visible within the sperm conjugate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612375/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 34A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The nucleus is surrounded by a manchette of microtubules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512C9BA67061137B24" box="[710,845,568,590]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[116,155,1416,1435]" captionTargetBox="[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetId="figure-63@39.[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 34. Characteristics of spermiogenesis of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: A small AV that is attached to the cell membrane is formed at the anterior pole of nucleus. B: Little electron-dense material is associated with the posterior portion of the AV. C: The large IF contains numerous mitochondria. D: During the development of the spermatids the prcN extremely elongates and screws. E: Little electrondense material is associated with the peripheral microtubules in the axoneme. F: At the end of spermiogenesis four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other and finally form a large synspermium. G: Large membrane whirls are visible within the sperm conjugate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612375/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 34C, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The deep and wide implantation fossa is filled with numerous mitochondria (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512D5CA63B61D17BE0" box="[769,911,627,649]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[116,155,1416,1435]" captionTargetBox="[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetId="figure-63@39.[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 34. Characteristics of spermiogenesis of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: A small AV that is attached to the cell membrane is formed at the anterior pole of nucleus. B: Little electron-dense material is associated with the posterior portion of the AV. C: The large IF contains numerous mitochondria. D: During the development of the spermatids the prcN extremely elongates and screws. E: Little electrondense material is associated with the peripheral microtubules in the axoneme. F: At the end of spermiogenesis four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other and finally form a large synspermium. G: Large membrane whirls are visible within the sperm conjugate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612375/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 34C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). While the nucleus elongates the chromatin further condenses (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512C9BA6E661707BAC" box="[710,814,686,709]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[116,155,1416,1435]" captionTargetBox="[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetId="figure-63@39.[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 34. Characteristics of spermiogenesis of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: A small AV that is attached to the cell membrane is formed at the anterior pole of nucleus. B: Little electron-dense material is associated with the posterior portion of the AV. C: The large IF contains numerous mitochondria. D: During the development of the spermatids the prcN extremely elongates and screws. E: Little electrondense material is associated with the peripheral microtubules in the axoneme. F: At the end of spermiogenesis four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other and finally form a large synspermium. G: Large membrane whirls are visible within the sperm conjugate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612375/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 34D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dense chromatin of the precentriolar part of nucleus appears helically contorted around the implantation fossa (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512C9BA74F61707A74" box="[710,814,775,797]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[116,155,1416,1435]" captionTargetBox="[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetId="figure-63@39.[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 34. Characteristics of spermiogenesis of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: A small AV that is attached to the cell membrane is formed at the anterior pole of nucleus. B: Little electron-dense material is associated with the posterior portion of the AV. C: The large IF contains numerous mitochondria. D: During the development of the spermatids the prcN extremely elongates and screws. E: Little electrondense material is associated with the peripheral microtubules in the axoneme. F: At the end of spermiogenesis four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other and finally form a large synspermium. G: Large membrane whirls are visible within the sperm conjugate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612375/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 34D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Little electron-dense material is attached to the peripheral microtubules of the central Ax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512DCCA70A61A87A30" box="[913,1014,834,857]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[116,155,1416,1435]" captionTargetBox="[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetId="figure-63@39.[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 34. Characteristics of spermiogenesis of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: A small AV that is attached to the cell membrane is formed at the anterior pole of nucleus. B: Little electron-dense material is associated with the posterior portion of the AV. C: The large IF contains numerous mitochondria. D: During the development of the spermatids the prcN extremely elongates and screws. E: Little electrondense material is associated with the peripheral microtubules in the axoneme. F: At the end of spermiogenesis four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other and finally form a large synspermium. G: Large membrane whirls are visible within the sperm conjugate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612375/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 34E</figureCitation>
|
||
). At the end of spermiogenesis four spermatids group closely attached and initiate curling around each other (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512D50A7D361C87ADB" box="[781,918,923,946]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[116,155,1416,1435]" captionTargetBox="[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetId="figure-63@39.[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 34. Characteristics of spermiogenesis of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: A small AV that is attached to the cell membrane is formed at the anterior pole of nucleus. B: Little electron-dense material is associated with the posterior portion of the AV. C: The large IF contains numerous mitochondria. D: During the development of the spermatids the prcN extremely elongates and screws. E: Little electrondense material is associated with the peripheral microtubules in the axoneme. F: At the end of spermiogenesis four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other and finally form a large synspermium. G: Large membrane whirls are visible within the sperm conjugate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612375/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 34F, G</figureCitation>
|
||
). This process is certainly supported by microtubules that originate from the disintegrating manchette of microtubules and show a distinct arrangement (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512C9BA05A61777D41" box="[710,809,1042,1064]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[116,155,1416,1435]" captionTargetBox="[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetId="figure-63@39.[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 34. Characteristics of spermiogenesis of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: A small AV that is attached to the cell membrane is formed at the anterior pole of nucleus. B: Little electron-dense material is associated with the posterior portion of the AV. C: The large IF contains numerous mitochondria. D: During the development of the spermatids the prcN extremely elongates and screws. E: Little electrondense material is associated with the peripheral microtubules in the axoneme. F: At the end of spermiogenesis four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other and finally form a large synspermium. G: Large membrane whirls are visible within the sperm conjugate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612375/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 34F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The cytoplasm condenses and enlarged, widened cell membranes fold between the sperm, resulting in numerous membrane stacks and one prominent membrane whorl in the center of the sperm conjugate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A73302921512DC8A0EE61A37DD5" box="[917,1021,1190,1212]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[116,155,1416,1435]" captionTargetBox="[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetId="figure-63@39.[93,1195,207,1393]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 34. Characteristics of spermiogenesis of Paradysderina yanayacu. A: A small AV that is attached to the cell membrane is formed at the anterior pole of nucleus. B: Little electron-dense material is associated with the posterior portion of the AV. C: The large IF contains numerous mitochondria. D: During the development of the spermatids the prcN extremely elongates and screws. E: Little electrondense material is associated with the peripheral microtubules in the axoneme. F: At the end of spermiogenesis four spermatids arrange closely attached to each other and finally form a large synspermium. G: Large membrane whirls are visible within the sperm conjugate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612375/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fig. 34G</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |