218 lines
24 KiB
XML
218 lines
24 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="8752D469F3A7AAC578E127BD87AEA2BE">On the taxonomic validity of Indian ground spiders: IV. Genera Apodrassodes Vellard, 1924, Herpyllus Hentz, 1832 and Sergiolus Simon, 1892 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="65E7F9230E74C0A06ACFE6C804A909CE">Sankaran, Pradeep M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6EC3B6526A1AD56248201704C457953F">Caleb, John T. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FB40AAC10CA4D784888C6FC6375E1526">Sebastian, Pothalil A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="599CC2AFCA167878497FF17605CF7493">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="41E9950495362227A70C7DBA949E3D86">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0C3A72E9CA7D6E59FF6E7841A4582BDB">2021-04-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D1E288E080FFD28F804433DE6A779FE1">43 - 44</mods:number>
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<heading id="D0BA81BF441C233BFE8B9561FC4AFD0D" box="[298,1018,625,651]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441C233BFE8B9561FCDEFD0D" ID-CoL="99CNR" authority="(Gajbe & Gajbe, 1999)" authorityName="Sankaran & Caleb & Sebastian" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Gajbe & Gajbe" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[298,878,625,651]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hitobia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamhetaghatensis" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFE8B9561FDD6FD0D" bold="true" box="[298,614,625,651]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">Hitobia lamhetaghatensis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441C233BFDD59561FCD6FD0D" author="Gajbe UA & Gajbe P" box="[628,870,625,651]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" pagination="99 - 101" refId="ref7241" refString="Gajbe UA, Gajbe P. 1999. New species of spider of the genus Sergiolus Simon from Madhya Pradesh (family: Gnaphosidae). Rec Zool Surv India. 97: 99 - 101." type="journal article" year="1999">Gajbe & Gajbe, 1999</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A57BA441C233BFCD79561FC4AFD0D" box="[886,1018,625,651]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3576558441C233BFF0195B6FE84FD64" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AEC10C2441C233BFF0195B6FD45FD39" author="Gajbe UA & Gajbe P" box="[160,757,678,703]" page="99" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" year="1999">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441C233BFF0195B6FD45FD39" ID-CoL="4WT9T" authority="Gajbe & Gajbe, 1999: 99" authorityName="Gajbe & Gajbe" authorityPageNumber="99" authorityYear="1999" box="[160,757,678,703]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Sergiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamhetaghatensis">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFF0195B6FE7DFD39" box="[160,461,678,703]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">Sergiolus lamhetaghatensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441C233BFE7995B6FD45FD39" author="Gajbe UA & Gajbe P" box="[472,757,678,703]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" pagination="99 - 101" refId="ref7241" refString="Gajbe UA, Gajbe P. 1999. New species of spider of the genus Sergiolus Simon from Madhya Pradesh (family: Gnaphosidae). Rec Zool Surv India. 97: 99 - 101." type="journal article" year="1999">Gajbe & Gajbe, 1999: 99</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs 1–5 (
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<specimenCount id="9D4BFD5A441C233BFCD095B7FC35FD38" box="[881,901,679,702]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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).
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<treatmentCitation id="0AEC10C2441C233BFC3C95B6FBFEFD39" author="Gajbe PU" box="[925,1102,678,703]" page="87" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" year="2004">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441C233BFC3C95B6FBFEFD39" author="Gajbe PU" box="[925,1102,678,703]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" pagination="1 - 154" refId="ref7148" refString="Gajbe PU. 2004. Spiders of Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh (Arachnida: Araneae). Rec Zool Surv India Occasional Pap. 227: 1 - 154." type="journal article" year="2004">Gajbe 2004: 87</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs 94–98 (
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<specimenCount id="9D4BFD5A441C233BFEB295D9FE97FD66" box="[275,295,713,736]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3576558441C233BFF01940DFEC5FA5C" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFF01940DFEF4FCB1" bold="true" box="[160,324,797,823]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">Type material</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF236D3441C233BFF019451FC1DFC44" blockId="9.[160,1157,797,962]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">
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<materialsCitation id="3B253C8E441C233BFF019451FC1DFC44" collectingDate="1997-09-27" collectorName="Pawan Gajbe & Kolkata & The" country="India" elevation="398" latitude="23.11177" location="Lamheta Ghat" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="79.83563" municipality="Jabalpur" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Madhya Pradesh" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54F68871441C233BFF019451FEB7FCDC" box="[160,263,833,858]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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female from
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<collectingCountry id="F35A7643441C233BFE059451FE57FCDC" box="[420,487,833,858]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">INDIA</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="4989F831441C233BFE559451FD03FCDC" box="[500,691,833,858]" country="India" name="Madhya Pradesh" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">Madhya Pradesh</collectingRegion>
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:
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B96ACA9441C233BFD1E9451FC91FCDC" box="[703,801,833,858]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">Jabalpur</collectingMunicipality>
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:
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(
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,
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;
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<quantity id="4CB59B36441C233BFEEA9474FE25FCFB" box="[331,405,868,893]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9799999999999995" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" unit="m" value="398.0">
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<elevation id="0060D1E0441C233BFEEA9474FE25FCFB" box="[331,405,868,893]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9799999999999995" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" unit="m" value="398.0">398 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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alt),
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<collectorName id="26B85305441C233BFE779474FDDCFCFB" box="[470,620,868,893]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">Pawan Gajbe</collectorName>
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leg.,
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<date id="FFF31013441C233BFD109474FC28FCFB" box="[689,920,868,893]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" value="1997-09-27">
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<collectingDate id="EFB7E9FB441C233BFD109474FC28FCFB" box="[689,920,868,893]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" value="1997-09-27">27 September 1997</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, repository NZC-ZSI,
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<collectorName id="26B85305441C233BFF019496FF42FC19" box="[160,242,902,927]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">Kolkata</collectorName>
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(no register number), not examined.
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<collectorName id="26B85305441C233BFD129496FD6CFC19" box="[691,732,902,927]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">The</collectorName>
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original illustrations of the epigyne (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441C233BFF0794B9FE12FC44" author="Gajbe UA & Gajbe P" box="[166,418,937,962]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" pagination="99 - 101" refId="ref7241" refString="Gajbe UA, Gajbe P. 1999. New species of spider of the genus Sergiolus Simon from Madhya Pradesh (family: Gnaphosidae). Rec Zool Surv India. 97: 99 - 101." type="journal article" year="1999">Gajbe and Gajbe 1999</bibRefCitation>
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||
, figs 3–4) were used for comparative purpose.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF236D3441C233BFF0194EDFE50FB91" blockId="9.[160,1156,1021,1498]" box="[160,480,1021,1047]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFF0194EDFE50FB91" bold="true" box="[160,480,1021,1047]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">Justification of the transfer</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF236D3441C233BFF019331FDBBFA31" blockId="9.[160,1156,1021,1498]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">
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Even though we were unable to examine the
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<typeStatus id="54F68871441C233BFD079331FD69FBBC" box="[678,729,1057,1082]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">type</typeStatus>
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specimen of this species, the original illustrations of epigyne show that it lacks diagnostic features of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441C233BFC189354FBACFBDB" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1892" box="[953,1052,1092,1117]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Sergiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFC189354FBACFBDB" box="[953,1052,1092,1117]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">Sergiolus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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such as globose spermathecae, with internal protrusions and blind median ducts (
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441C233BFC549376FE84FB24" author="Platnick NI & Shadab MU" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" pagination="1 - 41" refId="ref7779" refString="Platnick NI, Shadab MU. 1981. A revision of the spider genus Sergiolus (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). Am Mus Novit. 2717: 1 - 41." type="journal article" year="1981">Platnick and Shadab 1981</bibRefCitation>
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||
); instead, it resembles the species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441C233BFD779399FC78FB24" authority="Kamura, 1992" authorityName="Kamura" authorityYear="1992" box="[726,968,1161,1186]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hitobia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFD779399FC97FB24" box="[726,807,1161,1186]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">Hitobia</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441C233BFC8C9399FC78FB24" author="Kamura T" box="[813,968,1161,1186]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" pagination="119 - 132" refId="ref7382" refString="Kamura T. 1992. Two new genera of the family Gnaphosidae (Araneae) from Japan. Acta Arachnologica. 41: 119 - 132. doi: 10.2476 / asjaa. 41.119." type="journal article" year="1992">Kamura, 1992</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
as illustrated for
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441C233BFF0193BCFD65FB43" authority="(Bosenberg & Strand, 1906)" baseAuthorityName="Bosenberg & Strand" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[160,725,1196,1221]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hitobia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unifascigera">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFF0193BCFE34FB43" box="[160,388,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">Hitobia unifascigera</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441C233BFE3493BCFD7DFB43" author="Bosenberg W & Strand E" box="[405,717,1196,1221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" pagination="93 - 422" refId="ref6965" refString="Bosenberg W, Strand E. 1906. Japanische Spinnen. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft. 30: 93 - 422." type="journal article" year="1906">Bösenberg & Strand, 1906</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, the
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||
<typeStatus id="54F68871441C233BFCB693BCFCFAFB43" box="[791,842,1196,1221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">type</typeStatus>
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||
species of the genus and
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441C233BFF0193DEFDEDFB61" authority="(Bosenberg & Strand, 1906)" baseAuthorityName="Bosenberg & Strand" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[160,605,1230,1255]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hitobia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFF0193DEFEA5FB61" box="[160,277,1230,1255]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">H. asiatica</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441C233BFE8493DEFDE5FB61" author="Bosenberg W & Strand E" box="[293,597,1230,1255]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" pagination="93 - 422" refId="ref6965" refString="Bosenberg W, Strand E. 1906. Japanische Spinnen. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft. 30: 93 - 422." type="journal article" year="1906">Bösenberg & Strand, 1906</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
: recurved
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE16441C233BFD7893DEFCB5FB61" box="[729,773,1230,1255]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">AER</collectionCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE16441C233BFCE293DEFCDDFB61" box="[835,877,1230,1255]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12821" name="City Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" type="Herbarium">PER</collectionCode>
|
||
and large sac-like spermathecae (compare
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441C233BFE2B93E1FD35FA8C" author="Gajbe UA & Gajbe P" box="[394,645,1265,1290]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" pagination="99 - 101" refId="ref7241" refString="Gajbe UA, Gajbe P. 1999. New species of spider of the genus Sergiolus Simon from Madhya Pradesh (family: Gnaphosidae). Rec Zool Surv India. 97: 99 - 101." type="journal article" year="1999">Gajbe and Gajbe 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs 1, 3–4 with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441C233BFCE393E1FC68FA8C" author="Kamura T" box="[834,984,1265,1290]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" pagination="119 - 132" refId="ref7382" refString="Kamura T. 1992. Two new genera of the family Gnaphosidae (Araneae) from Japan. Acta Arachnologica. 41: 119 - 132. doi: 10.2476 / asjaa. 41.119." type="journal article" year="1992">Kamura 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs 11, 16, 20, 25). Based on these observations, we propose to transfer
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441C233BFC8B9204FBB8FAAB" authorityName="Gajbe & Gajbe" authorityYear="1999" box="[810,1032,1300,1325]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Sergiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamhetaghatensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFC8B9204FBB8FAAB" box="[810,1032,1300,1325]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">S. lamhetaghatensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441C233BFB8C9204FBCEFAAB" authorityName="Kamura" authorityYear="1992" box="[1069,1150,1300,1325]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hitobia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFB8C9204FBCEFAAB" box="[1069,1150,1300,1325]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">Hitobia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Judging from the illustrations of epigyne (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441C233BFDD99226FCC3FAC9" author="Gajbe UA & Gajbe P" box="[632,883,1334,1359]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" pagination="99 - 101" refId="ref7241" refString="Gajbe UA, Gajbe P. 1999. New species of spider of the genus Sergiolus Simon from Madhya Pradesh (family: Gnaphosidae). Rec Zool Surv India. 97: 99 - 101." type="journal article" year="1999">Gajbe and Gajbe 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs 1, 3–4), this species may be a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441C233BFE479249FC7AFAF4" authority="(Tikader & Gajbe, 1976)" authorityName="Sankaran & Caleb & Sebastian" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Tikader & Gajbe" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[486,970,1369,1394]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hitobia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poonaensis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFE479249FD0BFAF4" box="[486,699,1369,1394]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">Hitobia poonaensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441C233BFD669249FC73FAF4" author="Tikader BK & Gajbe UA" box="[711,963,1369,1394]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" pagination="185 - 191" refId="ref8113" refString="Tikader BK, Gajbe UA. 1976. On some new species of spiders of the genus Sergiolus Simon from India (family: Gnaphosidae). Proc Indian Acad Sci. 84: 185 - 191." type="journal article" year="1976">Tikader & Gajbe, 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A57BA441C233BFC709249FBE2FAF4" box="[977,1106,1369,1394]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, but confirmation requires the examination of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68871441C233BFCA2926CFC86FA13" box="[771,822,1404,1429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">type</typeStatus>
|
||
or topotype material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441C233BFF01928EFE34FA31" authorityName="Sankaran & Caleb & Sebastian" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Sankaran & Caleb & Sebastian" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[160,388,1438,1463]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Sergiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamhetaghatensis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFF01928EFE34FA31" box="[160,388,1438,1463]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">H. lamhetaghatensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A57BA441C233BFE2A928EFDBBFA31" box="[395,523,1438,1463]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D3441C233BFF6192D1FEC5FA5C" blockId="9.[160,1156,1021,1498]" box="[192,373,1473,1498]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFF6192D1FF45FA5C" box="[192,245,1473,1498]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">Male</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3576558441C233BFF019105FEEEF911" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D3441C233BFF019105FEB6F9A9" blockId="9.[160,1155,1557,1687]" box="[160,262,1557,1583]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFF019105FEB6F9A9" bold="true" box="[160,262,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D3441C233BFF019129FEEEF911" blockId="9.[160,1155,1557,1687]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">
|
||
We were unable to trace out the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68871441C233BFDAF9129FDFAF9D4" box="[526,586,1593,1618]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441C233BFDCC9129FCF6F9D4" authorityName="Sankaran & Caleb & Sebastian" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Sankaran & Caleb & Sebastian" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[621,838,1593,1618]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Sergiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamhetaghatensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFDCC9129FCF6F9D4" box="[621,838,1593,1618]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">S. lamhetaghatensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the arachnid collection of ZSI, even though the authors mentioned that the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68871441C233BFD6F914CFCBAF9F3" box="[718,778,1628,1653]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">types</typeStatus>
|
||
would be deposited there (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441C233BFBE1914CFEE2F911" author="Gajbe UA & Gajbe P" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" pagination="99 - 101" refId="ref7241" refString="Gajbe UA, Gajbe P. 1999. New species of spider of the genus Sergiolus Simon from Madhya Pradesh (family: Gnaphosidae). Rec Zool Surv India. 97: 99 - 101." type="journal article" year="1999">Gajbe and Gajbe 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |