300 lines
33 KiB
XML
300 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="18A3BFD3FF708DAB6E8D19DCE6F8E69B" ID-DOI="10.1515/vzoo-2015-0062" ID-ISSN="2073-2333" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6452687" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1649773193227" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Apoltsev, D. A. & Rekovets, L. I." docDate="2015" docId="03CEDC4BEB67DE5EFF0DFCC8FD2996B1" docLanguage="en" docName="VestnikZoologii.49.6.519-528.pdf" docOrigin="Vestnik Zoologii 49 (6)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/vzoo-2015-0062" docStyle="DocumentStyle:9FE6554C034D0A4D8EA9CEAE255F4368.2:VestnikZoologii.2014-2019.journal_article" docStyleId="9FE6554C034D0A4D8EA9CEAE255F4368" docStyleName="VestnikZoologii.2014-2019.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Trogontherium (Euroxenomys) minutum subsp. minutum minutum Meyer 1938" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="522" masterDocId="FFF7A433EB65DE5DFFABFFA7FF949018" masterDocTitle="Beavers Of The Genus Trogontherium (Castoridae, Rodentia) From The Late Miocene Of Ukraine" masterLastPageNumber="528" masterPageNumber="419" pageNumber="521" updateTime="1699318203399" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="0BDDF8CC4ABCA9512076BFD97C16C5CC">Beavers Of The Genus Trogontherium (Castoridae, Rodentia) From The Late Miocene Of Ukraine</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F17165453EDDAAFB7465561373377824">Apoltsev, D. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5F40B5D18129787A242EEA34D0568659">Rekovets, L. I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="40A1D16F748DD2BB1A8146F85609D603">Vestnik Zoologii</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="BFF80D2684A856ACB75A4999FF6C760A">
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<mods:date id="5954EE92828285727B54F265B77B6F98">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D5713C926861F4242776B917C7448C14">49</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03CEDC4BEB67DE5EFF0DFCC8FD2996B1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452737" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6452737" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CEDC4BEB67DE5EFF0DFCC8FD2996B1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CEDC4BEB67DE5EFF0DFCC8FD2996B1" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="522" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">
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<subSubSection id="C37D3ED6EB67DE5FFF0DFCC8FB1E93C1" pageId="2" pageNumber="521" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD86D5DEB67DE5FFF0DFCC8FC309391" blockId="2.[166,932,879,906]" box="[166,932,879,906]" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">
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<heading id="D090DA31EB67DE5FFF0DFCC8FC309391" box="[166,932,879,906]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="521" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6716DEEB67DE5FFF0DFCC8FC309391" authority="minutum Meyer, 1938" authorityName="minutum Meyer" authorityYear="1938" box="[166,932,879,906]" class="Mammalia" family="Castoridae" genus="Trogontherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="minutum" subGenus="Euroxenomys" subSpecies="minutum">
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<emphasis id="B913B14FEB67DE5FFF0DFCC8FC989391" bold="true" box="[166,780,879,906]" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">
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<emphasis id="B913B14FEB67DE5FFF0DFCC8FECB9392" bold="true" box="[166,351,879,906]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">Trogontherium</emphasis>
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(
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||
<emphasis id="B913B14FEB67DE5FFEDBFCD7FD879392" bold="true" box="[368,531,880,906]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">Euroxenomys</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B913B14FEB67DE5FFD8FFCC8FC989391" bold="true" box="[548,780,879,905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">minutum minutum</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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Meyer, 1938
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD86D5DEB67DE5FFF70FC0FFB1E93C1" blockId="2.[166,1224,935,991]" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">
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I n v e s t i g a t e d m a t e r i a l. Grytsev: 1 skull fragment with maxillary part and P
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<superScript id="7C12C015EB67DE5FFC5EFC00FC6893AC" attach="left" box="[1013,1020,935,948]" fontSize="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">4</superScript>
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–M
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<superScript id="7C12C015EB67DE5FFBB6FC00FBB093AC" attach="left" box="[1053,1060,935,948]" fontSize="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">3</superScript>
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(
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<figureCitation id="135C71D8EB67DE5FFB9BFC0FFBE293A5" box="[1072,1142,936,958]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[166,199,1791,1813]" captionTargetBox="[305,1086,1238,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-471@2.[305,1087,1238,1769]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Chewing surface of upper (1) and restored lower (2) dentition, character of the molar roots development (3) of Trogontherium (Euroxenomys) minutum minutum from the Grytsev locality. Scale bar 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6452689/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">
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fig. 1,
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<emphasis id="B913B14FEB67DE5FFBC0FC0FFBE293A5" box="[1131,1142,936,957]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">1</emphasis>
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</figureCitation>
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), a fragment of the mandible with P
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<subScript id="17E36F18EB67DE5FFE12FC75FE5493C7" attach="left" box="[441,448,978,991]" fontSize="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">4</subScript>
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and M
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<subScript id="17E36F18EB67DE5FFDAFFC75FD9F93C7" attach="left" box="[516,523,978,991]" fontSize="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">1</subScript>
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(
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<figureCitation id="135C71D8EB67DE5FFDBCFC64FDD393C1" box="[535,583,963,985]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[166,199,1791,1813]" captionTargetBox="[305,1086,1238,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-471@2.[305,1087,1238,1769]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Chewing surface of upper (1) and restored lower (2) dentition, character of the molar roots development (3) of Trogontherium (Euroxenomys) minutum minutum from the Grytsev locality. Scale bar 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6452689/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">fig. 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135C71D8EB67DE5FFDF9FC64FDC993C0" box="[594,605,963,984]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[172,205,1234,1256]" captionTargetBox="[409,981,668,1213]" captionTargetId="figure-308@4.[409,990,660,1220]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Right mandible of Trogontherium (Euroxenomys) minutum rhenanum. Cherevichnoe 3 locality: 1 — labial view; 2 — view on the point of chewing surface. Scale bar 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6452691/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">
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<emphasis id="B913B14FEB67DE5FFDF9FC64FDC993C0" box="[594,605,963,984]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">2</emphasis>
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</figureCitation>
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), an incisor fragment, 4 P
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<superScript id="7C12C015EB67DE5FFCFCFC65FCCA93D7" attach="left" box="[855,862,962,975]" fontSize="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">4</superScript>
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, 1 M
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<superScript id="7C12C015EB67DE5FFC24FC65FC3593D7" attach="left" box="[911,929,962,975]" fontSize="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">1-2</superScript>
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, 4 M
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<superScript id="7C12C015EB67DE5FFC78FC65FC4E93D7" attach="right" box="[979,986,962,975]" fontSize="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">3</superScript>
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, 4 P
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<subScript id="17E36F18EB67DE5FFBA8FC75FB9E93C7" attach="left" box="[1027,1034,978,991]" fontSize="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">4</subScript>
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, 5 M
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<subScript id="17E36F18EB67DE5FFB90FC75FBD993C7" attach="right" box="[1083,1101,978,991]" fontSize="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">1-2</subScript>
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, 3 M
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<subScript id="17E36F18EB67DE5FFBD5FC75FB1193C7" attach="left" box="[1150,1157,978,991]" fontSize="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">3</subScript>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37D3ED6EB67DE5EFF70FC5DFD2996B1" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="522" pageId="2" pageNumber="521" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD86D5DEB67DE5FFF70FC5DFC15940D" blockId="2.[166,1225,1018,1204]" box="[219,897,1018,1045]" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">G e o l o g i c a l a g e: MN 9, middle Sarmatian (Vallesian).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD86D5DEB67DE5FFF70FBBDFC0094AC" blockId="2.[166,1225,1018,1204]" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">
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According to
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF610ACEB67DE5FFE21FBBDFDA4942C" author="Lychev, G. F." box="[394,560,1050,1076]" pageId="2" pageNumber="521" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref6659" refString="Lychev, G. F. 1973. Classification of the family Castoridae. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Kazakh. SSR, 1 - 26 [In Russian]." type="book chapter" year="1973">Lychev (1973</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF610ACEB67DE5FFDE9FBBDFDEA942D" author="Lychev, G. F." box="[578,638,1050,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="521" pagination="179 - 203" refId="ref6722" refString="Lychev, G. F. 1983. Basic directions in the evolution of the family Castoridae. In: Istoria i evolutsya sovremennoy fauny gryzunov SSSR. Nauka, Moscow, 179 - 203 [In Russian]." type="book chapter" year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
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), fossil remains of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6716DEEB67DE5FFCDEFBBCFB5D942C" box="[885,1225,1050,1076]" class="Mammalia" family="Castoridae" genus="Trogontherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minutum" subGenus="Euroxenomys">
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||
<emphasis id="B913B14FEB67DE5FFCDEFBBCFC19942C" box="[885,909,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">T.</emphasis>
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||
(
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<emphasis id="B913B14FEB67DE5FFC0EFBBCFBD6942C" box="[933,1090,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">Euroxenomys</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B913B14FEB67DE5FFBF0FBBCFB5D942C" box="[1115,1225,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">minutum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the Late Miocene of
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<collectingCountry id="F3702DCDEB67DE5FFE40FB9DFDDA944C" box="[491,590,1082,1108]" name="Ukraine" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
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, including the material from Grytsev, are belonging to
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<taxonomicName id="4C6716DEEB67DE5FFF6DFBFDFE2A946C" authorityName="Lytchev" authorityYear="1977" box="[198,446,1114,1140]" class="Mammalia" family="Castoridae" genus="Monosaulax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savinovi">
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<emphasis id="B913B14FEB67DE5FFF6DFBFDFE2A946C" box="[198,446,1114,1140]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">Monosaulax savinovi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, typical North American and Asian species. Molars from Grytsev (
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<figureCitation id="135C71D8EB67DE5FFF05FBDDFF7C948C" box="[174,232,1146,1172]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[166,199,1791,1813]" captionTargetBox="[305,1086,1238,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-471@2.[305,1087,1238,1769]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Chewing surface of upper (1) and restored lower (2) dentition, character of the molar roots development (3) of Trogontherium (Euroxenomys) minutum minutum from the Grytsev locality. Scale bar 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6452689/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">fig. 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135C71D8EB67DE5FFF5EFBDDFE97948C" box="[245,259,1146,1172]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[166,199,1761,1783]" captionTargetBox="[281,1176,1322,1736]" captionTargetId="figure-310@4.[273,826,1321,1663]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 3. Chewing surface of upper (1–4) and lower (5–8) dentition of Trogontherium (Euroxenomys) minutum rhenanum: 1 — Р4, Cherevichnoe 3; 2–3 — М1-2, Andreevka; 4 — М3, Andreevka; 5 — M, Andreevka; 6–7 — 3 М1-2, Cherevichnoe 3; 8 — P4, Cherevichnoe 3. Scale bar 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6452693/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">
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<emphasis id="B913B14FEB67DE5FFF5EFBDDFE97948C" box="[245,259,1146,1172]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">3</emphasis>
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</figureCitation>
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) have relatively smaller crowns and less-developed roots than those in
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<taxonomicName id="4C6716DEEB67DE5FFB93FBDDFE9294AC" authorityName="Lytchev" authorityYear="1977" class="Mammalia" family="Castoridae" genus="Monosaulax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savinovi">
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<emphasis id="B913B14FEB67DE5FFB93FBDDFE9294AC" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">Monosaulax savinovi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which was described from the Miocene of
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<collectingCountry id="F3702DCDEB67DE5FFCAFFB3DFC0494AC" box="[772,912,1178,1204]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF183DD5EB67DE5FFF0DF958FBF49728" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452689" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6452689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6452689/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="521" startId="2.[166,199,1791,1813]" targetBox="[305,1086,1238,1769]" targetPageId="2">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD86D5DEB67DE5FFF0DF958FBF49728" blockId="2.[166,1224,1791,1840]" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">
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||
Fig. 1. Chewing surface of upper (
|
||
<emphasis id="B913B14FEB67DE5FFE43F8A7FE67970D" box="[488,499,1792,1813]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">1</emphasis>
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||
) and restored lower (
|
||
<emphasis id="B913B14FEB67DE5FFD6AF8A7FD58970D" box="[705,716,1792,1813]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">2</emphasis>
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||
) dentition, character of the molar roots development (
|
||
<emphasis id="B913B14FEB67DE5FFF04F8BDFF2E9737" box="[175,186,1818,1839]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">3</emphasis>
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||
) of
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C6716DEEB67DE5FFF4AF8BDFD539728" authority="minutum" authorityName="minutum Meyer" authorityYear="1938" box="[225,711,1818,1840]" class="Mammalia" family="Castoridae" genus="Trogontherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="minutum" subGenus="Euroxenomys" subSpecies="minutum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913B14FEB67DE5FFF4AF8BDFEE69737" box="[225,370,1818,1839]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">Trogontherium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B913B14FEB67DE5FFED4F8BCFD949728" box="[383,512,1819,1840]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">Euroxenomys</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B913B14FEB67DE5FFDA5F8BCFD539728" box="[526,711,1819,1840]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="521">minutum minutum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
from the Grytsev locality. Scale bar 5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BD86D5DEB66DE5EFF48FF17FB5891F2" blockId="3.[174,1233,175,1706]" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">
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D e s c r i p t i o n a n d c o m p a r i s o n. Skull fragment has full dentition — 2 P
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<superScript id="7C12C015EB66DE5EFB39FF08FB0E90A5" attach="left" box="[1170,1178,175,189]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">4</superScript>
|
||
and M
|
||
<superScript id="7C12C015EB66DE5EFF63FF68FF4B90C5" attach="left" box="[200,223,207,221]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">1-3</superScript>
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||
. Palate without expressed median crest, its posterior part is broken; the smallest palatal width between the P
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<superScript id="7C12C015EB66DE5EFE09FF48FE3E90E5" attach="left" box="[418,426,239,253]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">4</superScript>
|
||
alveoli —
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFD81FF48FD139112" box="[554,647,239,266]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and between the M
|
||
<superScript id="7C12C015EB66DE5EFCD1FF48FC1690E5" attach="left" box="[890,898,239,253]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">1</superScript>
|
||
alveoli —
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFBA9FF48FBF49112" box="[1026,1120,239,266]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Alveolar length of the P
|
||
<superScript id="7C12C015EB66DE5EFEF7FEA8FEF09105" attach="left" box="[348,356,271,285]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">4</superScript>
|
||
–M
|
||
<superScript id="7C12C015EB66DE5EFE25FEA8FE029105" attach="left" box="[398,406,271,285]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">3</superScript>
|
||
is
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFE13FEA8FDB79132" box="[440,547,271,298]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="12.4">12.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, coronary length —
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFCBDFEA8FC159132" box="[790,897,271,298]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="12.2">12.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Teeth without cement have well-developed roots, hypostriae and hypoflexus. Mesofossette is convex, other fossettes are nearly straight. There is a fourth fossette on M
|
||
<superScript id="7C12C015EB66DE5EFD7FFEE8FD489145" attach="left" box="[724,732,335,349]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">3</superScript>
|
||
. P
|
||
<subScript id="17E36F18EB66DE5EFD50FEC5FC979168" attach="left" box="[763,771,354,368]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">4</subScript>
|
||
, M
|
||
<subScript id="17E36F18EB66DE5EFC87FEC5FCA09168" attach="left" box="[812,820,354,368]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">1</subScript>
|
||
, and incisor are preserved in front of the mandible. Coronoid process and the back part of the mandible are broken down to M
|
||
<subScript id="17E36F18EB66DE5EFF63FE05FF4491A8" attach="left" box="[200,208,418,432]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">2</subScript>
|
||
. Teeth with greatly developed hypostriids and hypoflexids do not have cement; length of diastema is
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFEFDFE08FE2591D2" box="[342,433,431,458]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="9.1">9.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, the restored height at P4 — 13.0 mm. For comparison, these values on material from Petersbuch are 8.87 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFD37FE68FC8791F2" box="[668,787,463,490]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.005" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="20.05">20.05 mm</quantity>
|
||
, respectively (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF610ACEB66DE5EFC1CFE68FB2B91F2" author="Stefen, C. & Rummel, M." box="[951,1215,463,490]" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" pagination="11 - 34" refId="ref7238" refString="Stefen, C., Rummel, M. 2003. Trogontherium (Euroxenomys) minutum (Castoridae: Mammalia) from Petersbuch 50, Miocene, South Germany. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Abh., 1, 11 - 34." type="journal article" year="2003">Stefen, Rummel, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD86D5DEB66DE5EFF48FE48FD4892F1" blockId="3.[174,1233,175,1706]" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">
|
||
The fragment of triangular lower incisor has a weak curvature; the enamel slightly covers the lateral surface. Enamel anterior side is convex. Incisor width is
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFBC3FDA8FB5F9232" box="[1128,1227,527,554]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, anteroposterior diameter —
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFE55FD88FDCF9252" box="[510,603,559,586]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="3.9">3.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Average length of the P
|
||
<superScript id="7C12C015EB66DE5EFCD2FD88FC159225" attach="left" box="[889,897,559,573]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">4</superScript>
|
||
is
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFC09FD88FC6A9252" box="[930,1022,559,586]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width —
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFBDDFD88FB449252" box="[1142,1232,559,586]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(the length ratio — 109 %). The tooth is medium-worn. Para- and hypoflexi are straight and contrasted (not shifted) at the middle part of the tooth. Mesoflexus crosses the entire width of the chewing surface and has a slight bend. According to these features, P
|
||
<superScript id="7C12C015EB66DE5EFBA4FD28FB839285" attach="left" box="[1039,1047,655,669]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">4</superScript>
|
||
from Grytsev is inferior in size compared to teeth from Petersbuch, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6716DEEB66DE5EFC94FD08FEDC92F2" authority="(Unay, 1975)" baseAuthorityName="Unay" baseAuthorityYear="1975" class="Mammalia" family="Castoridae" genus="Trogontherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="minutum" subSpecies="ozansoyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913B14FEB66DE5EFC94FD08FB4492D1" box="[831,1232,687,713]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">Trogontherium minutum ozansoyi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF610ACEB66DE5EFF1DFD68FEAB92F2" author="Unay, E." box="[182,319,719,746]" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref7491" refString="Unay, E. 1975. The Upper Miocene Steneofiber (Rodentia, Mammalia) of Catakbagyaka. Bull. Geol. Soc. Turkey, 20, 69 - 72." type="journal article" year="1975">Ünay, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Late Miocene of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3702DCDEB66DE5EFDD4FD68FD4392F1" box="[639,727,719,745]" name="Turkey" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD86D5DEB66DE5EFF48FD48FE5F9392" blockId="3.[174,1233,175,1706]" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">
|
||
Length of M
|
||
<superScript id="7C12C015EB66DE5EFEDEFD48FE1F92E5" attach="left" box="[373,395,751,765]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">1-2</superScript>
|
||
is
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFE07FD48FD939312" box="[428,519,751,778]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width —
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFDD4FD48FD4D9312" box="[639,729,751,778]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
(W/L ratio is 120 %). Parafossette is small, shifted to edge of the chewing surface and opposed to the hypoflexus. Metaflexus is under closure into fossette. The subspecies from Petersbuch has a markedly larger size of these teeth with a W/L ratio of 159.0 %. Perhaps, this is due to different degrees of the tooth wear (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF610ACEB66DE5EFF1DFCC8FE2A9392" author="Stefen, C. & Rummel, M." box="[182,446,879,906]" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" pagination="11 - 34" refId="ref7238" refString="Stefen, C., Rummel, M. 2003. Trogontherium (Euroxenomys) minutum (Castoridae: Mammalia) from Petersbuch 50, Miocene, South Germany. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Abh., 1, 11 - 34." type="journal article" year="2003">Stefen, Rummel, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD86D5DEB66DE5EFF48FC28FE159472" blockId="3.[174,1233,175,1706]" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">
|
||
Length of M
|
||
<superScript id="7C12C015EB66DE5EFEDCFC28FEEB9385" attach="left" box="[375,383,911,925]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">3</superScript>
|
||
is
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFE09FC28FE6B93B2" box="[418,511,911,938]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width —
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFDD1FC28FD4193B2" box="[634,725,911,938]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
(W/L ratio — 93 %). The teeth are shaped like an elongated triangle, which distinguishes the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6716DEEB66DE5EFCD1FC08FBBF93D1" authorityName="Fischer von Waldheim" authorityYear="1809" box="[890,1067,943,969]" class="Mammalia" family="Castoridae" genus="Trogontherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913B14FEB66DE5EFCD1FC08FBBF93D1" box="[890,1067,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">Trogontherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from others. Paraflexus is in the process of circuit into a fossette, slightly shifted in direction to the hypoflexus. Mesofossette is straight, stretched out over the entire tooth width. Dimensional parameters of the M3 from Grytsev are less than those from Petersbuch, as well as from the Late Miocene of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3702DCDEB66DE5EFE36FB88FE619451" box="[413,501,1071,1097]" name="Turkey" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
. At the same time its W/L ratio remains almost in the range of 75–93 % (table 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD86D5DEB66DE5EFF48FBC8FCA494D1" blockId="3.[174,1233,175,1706]" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">
|
||
Length of P
|
||
<subScript id="17E36F18EB66DE5EFEC4FB25FEE39488" attach="left" box="[367,375,1154,1168]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">4</subScript>
|
||
is 4.0 mm, width — 3.0 mm, W/L ratio — 75.0 %. Anterior part of the tooth is trapezoidal (not rectangular) unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6716DEEB66DE5EFD67FB28FBF094B1" baseAuthorityName="Unay" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[716,1124,1167,1193]" class="Mammalia" family="Castoridae" genus="Trogontherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="minutum" subSpecies="ozansoyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913B14FEB66DE5EFD67FB28FBF094B1" box="[716,1124,1167,1193]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">Trogontherium minutum ozansoyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the hypoflexus is not parallel to the labial side of the tooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD86D5DEB66DE5EFF48FB77FCA79572" blockId="3.[174,1233,175,1706]" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">
|
||
Four M
|
||
<subScript id="17E36F18EB66DE5EFEEBFB45FEC394E8" attach="left" box="[320,343,1250,1264]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">1-2</subScript>
|
||
with weak roots belong to adult individuals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C71D8EB66DE5EFC2CFB68FC5294F1" box="[903,966,1231,1257]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[166,199,1791,1813]" captionTargetBox="[305,1086,1238,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-471@2.[305,1087,1238,1769]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Chewing surface of upper (1) and restored lower (2) dentition, character of the molar roots development (3) of Trogontherium (Euroxenomys) minutum minutum from the Grytsev locality. Scale bar 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6452689/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C71D8EB66DE5EFC7CFB68FC7194F1" box="[983,997,1231,1257]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[166,199,1761,1783]" captionTargetBox="[281,1176,1322,1736]" captionTargetId="figure-310@4.[273,826,1321,1663]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 3. Chewing surface of upper (1–4) and lower (5–8) dentition of Trogontherium (Euroxenomys) minutum rhenanum: 1 — Р4, Cherevichnoe 3; 2–3 — М1-2, Andreevka; 4 — М3, Andreevka; 5 — M, Andreevka; 6–7 — 3 М1-2, Cherevichnoe 3; 8 — P4, Cherevichnoe 3. Scale bar 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6452693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6452693/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913B14FEB66DE5EFC7CFB68FC7194F1" box="[983,997,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">3</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
); maximum crown height — 6.7; 7.0; 7.0;
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFE03FB48FD959512" box="[424,513,1263,1290]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="7.3">7.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, hypostriid height — 3.3; 3.4; 3.5;
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFC29FB48FC489512" box="[898,988,1263,1290]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, mesostriid height — 1.3; 1.4; 1.4;
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFE95FAA8FE0E9532" box="[318,410,1295,1322]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. There are well-developed meso- and paraflexids, metafossetids on the chewing surfaces. The length exceeds the width (3.4 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFC9BFA88FC189552" box="[816,908,1327,1354]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, W/L ratio — 79.4 %; 3.4 × 3.0 mm, W/L — 88.2 %; 3.5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFDA4FAE8FDFF9572" box="[527,619,1359,1386]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, W/L — 77.1 %).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD86D5DEB66DE5EFF48FAD7FDC79611" blockId="3.[174,1233,175,1706]" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">
|
||
Two M
|
||
<subScript id="17E36F18EB66DE5EFE97FA25FED09588" attach="left" box="[316,324,1410,1424]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">3</subScript>
|
||
with well-marked four half-fused roots belong to adult individuals. Tooth height is 6.0 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFEC7FA28FE5195B2" box="[364,453,1423,1450]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="5.3">5.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
; hypostriid (2.4 and 2.0 mm) is well expressed, the mesostriid length is 0.9 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFE83FA08FE1295D2" box="[296,390,1455,1482]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
. There are meta- and parafossetids on the crown surface; mesoflexid is weak (narrow and short) unlike the hypoflexid. Tooth length is 3.2 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFBAAFA68FBC995F2" box="[1025,1117,1487,1514]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width — 3.2 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FC0B8EB66DE5EFEA1FA48FEF29612" box="[266,358,1519,1546]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, W/L ratio is 100 %.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD86D5DEB66DE5EFF48F9B7FD2996B1" blockId="3.[174,1233,175,1706]" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">
|
||
R e m a r k s. P
|
||
<superScript id="7C12C015EB66DE5EFE20F9A8FE079605" attach="left" box="[395,403,1551,1565]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">4</superScript>
|
||
from Petersbuch are on average about 5–7 % larger than those from Grytsev. M
|
||
<superScript id="7C12C015EB66DE5EFE98F988FEDD9625" attach="left" box="[307,329,1583,1597]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">1-2</superScript>
|
||
, conversely, are larger in Grytsev versus those from Petersbuch. P
|
||
<subScript id="17E36F18EB66DE5EFBCCF9E5FBFB9648" attach="left" box="[1127,1135,1602,1616]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">4</subScript>
|
||
and M
|
||
<superScript id="7C12C015EB66DE5EFB63F988FB449625" attach="left" box="[1224,1232,1583,1597]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">3</superScript>
|
||
from Petersbuch are larger than those from Grytsev. M
|
||
<subScript id="17E36F18EB66DE5EFC9EF9C5FCDF9668" attach="left" box="[821,843,1634,1648]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">1-2</subScript>
|
||
from Grytsev are longer and less wide than those from Petersbuch. M
|
||
<subScript id="17E36F18EB66DE5EFDCCF925FDFB9688" attach="left" box="[615,623,1666,1680]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="522">3</subScript>
|
||
are not represented in materials from Petersbuch, thus it is not possible to compare these teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |