389 lines
46 KiB
XML
389 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document id="9C1D1111A4A077D65E53547E4E1FDC58" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4216.3.6" ID-CLB-Dataset="37356" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.231847" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aaa31ce3-6f28-40b4-9ec8-0701a1e9791e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="231847" ID-ZooBank="60E45FC3-3B3B-44F0-B684-DB1F88F61CED" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1483689124128" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Strümpher, Werner P. & Scholtz, Clarke H." docDate="2017" docId="03AC5257FF8EB03040D92727FB5CFBD5" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4216.3.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4216 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phoberus nyikanus Strumpher, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="295" masterDocId="FF952A2FFF8FB033404E2251FFB5FFC5" masterDocTitle="A new brachypterous species of Phoberus MacLeay (Coleoptera: Trogidae) and status changes of species in the East African P. nigrociliatus group" masterLastPageNumber="298" masterPageNumber="292" pageNumber="293" updateTime="1698435401945" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="64E4F5B3C958D60D10F352017986038F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CC5AC1E8DE6D6B1D510951C6CCD6EC7D">
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<mods:title id="14608FE63986C722234E774265E5F5DC">A new brachypterous species of Phoberus MacLeay (Coleoptera: Trogidae) and status changes of species in the East African P. nigrociliatus group</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="58BFC3C028159AD8E7FAD2FC47A89255" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="F6AD47A8BA50D51335C8EE801A527003">Strümpher, Werner P.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="54B9CF5A0E8000D86269C98CA07394A3" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B2E95B25FE858FC3DBB162BC833159CC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9A41116397657F040C0F246C9D2D1C4A">Scholtz, Clarke H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BAE80BC7435DF253D5540AF4056F80AA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="7B2DB3B54E07ABDF5CF6CB11B8E07BB9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="B72A04C9AD847016B14C9E5F29222905">
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<mods:date id="6C7EE01D1F0DBA51251A08AD96B05220">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="228D1E081A9E5D4491A790B28E06DF64" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="DD958AD4825F0D698290D71728094451">4216</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="8E9133430FB69696F90C0355EA45947E" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="D6390A58EF7FF0AEDDE39A395BEBCFCE">3</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="8E59DB87D4051B8211D39E217593BF37" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.231847</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F0312A6C7761273E35E0753ED8F232EC" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8AB1243E81688A5A6DCB92275F2D613D" type="Zenodo-Dep">231847</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AC5257FF8EB03040D92727FB5CFBD5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6017600" ID-GBIF-Taxon="126094596" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6017600" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC5257FF8EB03040D92727FB5CFBD5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC5257FF8EB03040D92727FB5CFBD5" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="295" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
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<subSubSection id="C31FB0CAFF8EB03240D92727FEE9FA77" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBAE341FF8EB03240D92727FD19FA55" blockId="1.[151,684,1398,1458]" box="[151,684,1398,1424]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
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<heading id="D0F2542DFF8EB03240D92727FD19FA55" bold="true" box="[151,684,1398,1424]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8EB03240D92727FD19FA55" bold="true" box="[151,684,1398,1424]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0598C2FF8EB03240D92727FDA5FA55" ID-CoL="4GJX3" authority="Strumpher" authorityName="Strumpher" box="[151,528,1398,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Phoberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyikanus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8EB03240D92727FE34FA55" bold="true" box="[151,385,1398,1424]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Phoberus nyikanus</emphasis>
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Strümpher
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2428228FF8EB03242532727FD19FA55" box="[541,684,1398,1424]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BBAE341FF8EB03240D927C8FEE9FA77" blockId="1.[151,684,1398,1458]" box="[151,348,1433,1458]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
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(
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<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8EB03240D127C8FF4AFA77" box="[159,255,1433,1458]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,983,1005]" captionTargetBox="[339,1247,259,952]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[326,1260,253,962]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nyikanus holotype; B, lateral habitus of P. nyikanus holotype; C, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nyikanus holotype; D, holotype label." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231848/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
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–D, 2A)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C31FB0CAFF8EB03240D927B0FE4EF8FB" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BBAE341FF8EB03240D927B0FE4EF8FB" blockId="1.[151,1437,1505,2034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
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<materialsCitation id="3B6DE91CFF8EB03240D927B0FC76F9A3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1423743351" collectingDate="1987-03-02" collectionCode="NCSA" collectorName="J. & A. Londt & Nganda & The & Dissected & Condition & Good" country="Malawi" elevation="2607" location="Nyika National Park" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8EB03240D927B0FEF0FA3F" bold="true" box="[151,325,1505,1530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
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||
<typeStatus id="54BE5DE3FF8EB03240D927B0FF67FA3F" box="[151,210,1505,1530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<typeStatus id="54BE5DE3FF8EB032410227B0FE0DFA3F" box="[332,440,1505,1530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
: (
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<specimenCount id="9D0328C8FF8EB032418327B3FE47FA3F" box="[461,498,1506,1530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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||
:
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||
<collectionCode id="ED147B84FF8EB03241B327B3FDFBFA3F" box="[509,590,1506,1530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">NCSA</collectionCode>
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||
):
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||
<collectingCountry id="F312A3D1FF8EB032422E27B3FD61FA3F" box="[608,724,1506,1530]" name="Malawi" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">MALAWI</collectingCountry>
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||
/ SE1033BD /
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<location id="8EDAB59AFF8EB032433127B0FBD3FA3F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC5257FF8EB03040D92727FB5CFBD5:8EDAB59AFF8EB032433127B0FBD3FA3F" box="[895,1126,1505,1530]" country="Malawi" name="Nyika National Park" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Nyika National Park</location>
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/
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<date id="FFBBC581FF8EB032443527B0FB52FA3F" box="[1147,1255,1505,1530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" value="1987-03-02">
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<collectingDate id="EFFF3C69FF8EB032443527B0FB52FA3F" box="[1147,1255,1505,1530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" value="1987-03-02">2.iii.1987</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
/
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||
<quantity id="4CFD4EA4FF8EB03244B227B0FAE1FA3C" box="[1276,1364,1505,1530]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.607" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="2607.0">
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<elevation id="00280472FF8EB03244B227B0FAE1FA3C" box="[1276,1364,1505,1530]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.607" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="2607.0">2607 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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||
. /
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<collectorName id="26F08697FF8EB032452327B3FEB4F9DB" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">J. & A. Londt</collectorName>
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/
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<collectorName id="26F08697FF8EB032416C2454FECCF9DB" box="[290,377,1541,1566]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Nganda</collectorName>
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summit—grassveld (typeset on white rectangle).
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<collectorName id="26F08697FF8EB03243862454FC41F9DB" box="[968,1012,1541,1566]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">The</collectorName>
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aedeagus of the
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<typeStatus id="54BE5DE3FF8EB032448B2454FA92F9DB" box="[1221,1319,1541,1566]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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is placed separately in a transparent genital vial.
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<collectorName id="26F08697FF8EB03242162478FD70F987" box="[600,709,1577,1602]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Dissected</collectorName>
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metathoracic wing set separately on white cardboard rectangle.
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<collectorName id="26F08697FF8EB03240D9241CFEB2F9A3" box="[151,263,1613,1638]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Condition</collectorName>
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of
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<typeStatus id="54BE5DE3FF8EB032417F241CFE2BF9A3" box="[305,414,1613,1638]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
:
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<collectorName id="26F08697FF8EB03241E4241CFE5EF9A3" box="[426,491,1613,1638]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Good</collectorName>
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||
, except that tarsi on protibia are missing
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation id="3B6DE91CFF8EB032439E241FFEE7F96B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1423743352" collectingDate="1981-01-02" collectionCode="TMSA" collectorName="Coll" country="Malawi" location="Nyika National Park" municipality="Chapolo" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Dudley" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<specimenCount id="9D0328C8FF8EB032439E241FFBECF9A3" box="[976,1113,1614,1638]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="generic" typeStatus="Paratypes">2 Paratypes</specimenCount>
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||
: (
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<specimenCount id="9D0328C8FF8EB0324421241FFB26F9A3" box="[1135,1171,1614,1638]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCount id="9D0328C8FF8EB03244EF241FFB73F9A3" box="[1185,1222,1614,1638]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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||
:
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||
<collectionCode id="ED147B84FF8EB032449B241FFA9CF9A3" box="[1237,1321,1614,1638]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/s8gp-ktsi" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">TMSA</collectionCode>
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||
):
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BDE793BFF8EB0324573241CFA29F9A3" box="[1341,1436,1613,1638]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Chapolo</collectingMunicipality>
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for[est] (handwritten) /
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||
<location id="8EDAB59AFF8EB03241E62420FD20F94F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC5257FF8EB03040D92727FB5CFBD5:8EDAB59AFF8EB03241E62420FD20F94F" box="[424,661,1649,1674]" country="Malawi" municipality="Chapolo" name="Nyika National Park" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" stateProvince="Dudley">Nyika National Park</location>
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||
/
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||
<collectingCountry id="F312A3D1FF8EB03242FC2420FCB2F94F" box="[690,775,1649,1674]" name="Malawi" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Malawi</collectingCountry>
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||
/
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||
<date id="FFBBC581FF8EB032436A2420FC35F94F" box="[804,896,1649,1674]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" value="1981-01-02">
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||
<collectingDate id="EFFF3C69FF8EB032436A2420FC35F94F" box="[804,896,1649,1674]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" value="1981-01-02">2.i.1981</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
(handwritten) /
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||
<collectorName id="26F08697FF8EB03244712420FBC6F94F" box="[1087,1139,1649,1674]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Coll</collectorName>
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||
: C.O.
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||
<collectingRegion id="49C12DA3FF8EB032448E2420FAA6F94F" box="[1216,1299,1649,1674]" country="United Kingdom" name="Dudley" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Dudley</collectingRegion>
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||
(typeset on white rectangle)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B6DE91CFF8EB032411024C7FAC8F917" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1423743353" collectingDate="1980-12-31" collectionCode="UPSA" collectorName="Coll & Grassland" country="Malawi" county="Chilenda" location="Park" municipality="Nyika Nat" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Dudley" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<specimenCount id="9D0328C8FF8EB032411024C7FE6EF96B" box="[350,475,1686,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="generic" typeStatus="Paratype">1 Paratype</specimenCount>
|
||
: (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0328C8FF8EB03241BD24C7FDBDF96B" box="[499,520,1686,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED147B84FF8EB032425824C7FDD6F96B" box="[534,611,1686,1710]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/73qr-ciny" name="University of Pretoria" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">UPSA</collectionCode>
|
||
):
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||
<collectingCounty id="62DB9BCDFF8EB032423624C4FD68F96B" box="[632,733,1685,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Chilenda</collectingCounty>
|
||
(handwritten) /
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDE793BFF8EB03243D924C4FBA4F96B" box="[919,1041,1685,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Nyika Nat</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
[ional]
|
||
<location id="8EDAB59AFF8EB032442F24C4FB21F96B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC5257FF8EB03040D92727FB5CFBD5:8EDAB59AFF8EB032442F24C4FB21F96B" box="[1121,1172,1685,1710]" country="Malawi" county="Chilenda" municipality="Nyika Nat" name="Park" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" stateProvince="Dudley">Park</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F312A3D1FF8EB03244E024C4FAB6F96B" box="[1198,1283,1685,1710]" name="Malawi" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Malawi</collectingCountry>
|
||
/
|
||
<date id="FFBBC581FF8EB032455324C4FA29F96B" box="[1309,1436,1685,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" value="1980-12-31">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFFF3C69FF8EB032455324C4FA29F96B" box="[1309,1436,1685,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" value="1980-12-31">31.xii.1980</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(handwritten) /
|
||
<collectorName id="26F08697FF8EB032411C24E8FE33F917" box="[338,390,1721,1746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Coll</collectorName>
|
||
: C.O.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C12DA3FF8EB032419424E8FD99F917" box="[474,556,1721,1746]" country="United Kingdom" name="Dudley" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Dudley</collectingRegion>
|
||
(typeset on white rectangle) //
|
||
<collectorName id="26F08697FF8EB03243FE24E8FB95F917" box="[944,1056,1721,1746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Grassland</collectorName>
|
||
(typeset on white rectangle)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6DE91CFF8EB03245C024EBFE4EF8FB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1423743354" collectingDate="1976-04" collectionCode="UPSA" collectorName="V. Taylor & Specimens" country="Malawi" location="Park" municipality="Nyika Nat" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0328C8FF8EB03245C024EBFF4BF933" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="generic" typeStatus="Paratype">1 Paratype</specimenCount>
|
||
: (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0328C8FF8EB032415A248FFE9CF933" box="[276,297,1758,1782]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED147B84FF8EB032417B248FFE37F933" box="[309,386,1758,1782]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/73qr-ciny" name="University of Pretoria" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">UPSA</collectionCode>
|
||
): M9724 /
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDE793BFF8EB03241B3248CFDC1F933" box="[509,628,1757,1782]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Nyika Nat</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
[ional]
|
||
<location id="8EDAB59AFF8EB032428D248CFD43F933" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC5257FF8EB03040D92727FB5CFBD5:8EDAB59AFF8EB032428D248CFD43F933" box="[707,758,1757,1782]" country="Malawi" municipality="Nyika Nat" name="Park" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Park</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F312A3D1FF8EB0324342248CFCD4F933" box="[780,865,1757,1782]" name="Malawi" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Malawi</collectingCountry>
|
||
/
|
||
<date id="FFBBC581FF8EB0324336248CFC7BF933" box="[888,974,1757,1782]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" value="1976-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFFF3C69FF8EB0324336248CFC7BF933" box="[888,974,1757,1782]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" value="1976-04">iv.1976</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26F08697FF8EB0324394248FFBF7F933" box="[986,1090,1757,1782]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">V. Taylor</collectorName>
|
||
/ 8000 [feet] / (handwritten on white rectangle).
|
||
<collectorName id="26F08697FF8EB03241152550FE61F8DF" box="[347,468,1793,1818]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Specimens</collectorName>
|
||
bear new
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BE5DE3FF8EB03242042553FDCFF8DF" box="[586,634,1794,1818]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">type</typeStatus>
|
||
labels:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BE5DE3FF8EB032429D2553FCD2F8DF" box="[723,871,1794,1818]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
[or
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BE5DE3FF8EB03243D92553FB90F8DF" box="[919,1061,1794,1818]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="paratype">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
] /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0598C2FF8EB032440C2550FF7AF8FB" authority="Strumpher, 2016" authorityName="Strumpher" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Phoberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyikanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8EB032440C2550FAACF8DF" box="[1090,1305,1793,1818]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Phoberus nyikanus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF949EB0FF8EB032456E2550FF7AF8FB" author="Strumpher" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" refString="Strumpher, W. P., Villet, M. H., Sole, C. L. & Scholtz, C. H. (2016) Overview and revision of the extant genera and subgenera of Trogidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea). Insect Systematics and Evolution, 47, 53 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 1876312 X- 46052133" type="journal article" year="2016">Strümpher, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(printed on red rectangle).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31FB0CAFF8EB03140892518FE3CFF10" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="294" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBAE341FF8EB03140892518FE3CFF10" blockId="1.[151,1437,1505,2034]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="294" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8EB03240892518FEF4F8A7" bold="true" box="[199,321,1865,1890]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
This new species is morphologically similar to other members in the group,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0598C2FF8EB03244D22518FF5BF843" authority="Kolbe" authorityName="Kolbe" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Phoberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrociliatus" status="stat. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8EB03244D22518FA29F8A7" box="[1180,1436,1865,1890]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Phoberus nigrociliatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Kolbe)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8EB03240BA253CFEC7F843" bold="true" box="[244,370,1901,1926]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2428228FF8EB03240BA253CFEC7F843" box="[244,370,1901,1926]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">new status</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8EB03241CF253CFE6DF843" box="[385,472,1901,1926]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,922,944]" captionTargetBox="[432,1194,244,850]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[381,1206,195,901]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nigrociliatus; B – C, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nigrociliatus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231850/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
–C),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0598C2FF8EB0324241253FFD44F843" authority="Haaf" authorityName="Haaf" box="[527,753,1901,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Phoberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyansanus" status="stat. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8EB0324241253FFD14F840" box="[527,673,1902,1925]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">P. nyansanus</emphasis>
|
||
(Haaf)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8EB03242B9253CFCC1F843" bold="true" box="[759,884,1901,1926]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2428228FF8EB03242B9253CFCC1F843" box="[759,884,1901,1926]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">new status</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8EB03243CA253CFC69F843" box="[900,988,1901,1926]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1795,1817]" captionTargetBox="[412,1232,1049,1747]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[340,1247,994,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nyansanus; B – C, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nyansanus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231851/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
–C), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0598C2FF8EB032440F253FFAADF843" authority="Haaf" authorityName="Haaf" box="[1089,1304,1901,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Phoberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyassicus" status="stat. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8EB032440F253FFBFAF840" box="[1089,1103,1902,1925]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8EB0324413253FFB7DF840" box="[1117,1224,1902,1925]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">nyassicus</emphasis>
|
||
(Haaf)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8EB0324551253CFA29F843" bold="true" box="[1311,1436,1901,1926]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2428228FF8EB0324551253CFA29F843" box="[1311,1436,1901,1926]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">new status</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8EB03240D125C0FF48F86F" box="[159,253,1937,1962]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1121,1143]" captionTargetBox="[308,1307,451,1080]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[279,1307,431,1099]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nyassicus; B, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nyassicus; C, elytral sculpture of P. nyassicus; D, metathoracic wing of P. nyassicus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231852/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
–C). However, it can be reliably distinguished from other members by the presence of low, semicontinuous ridges (partially fused tubercles) on the even-numbered costae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8EB03243B225E4FBE2F80B" box="[1020,1111,1973,1998]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,983,1005]" captionTargetBox="[339,1247,259,952]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[326,1260,253,962]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nyikanus holotype; B, lateral habitus of P. nyikanus holotype; C, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nyikanus holotype; D, holotype label." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231848/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas in the other three species the tubercles are distinct, evenly spaced, and not fused (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8EB032432B2588FC7CF837" box="[869,969,2009,2034]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,922,944]" captionTargetBox="[432,1194,244,850]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[381,1206,195,901]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nigrociliatus; B – C, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nigrociliatus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231850/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Figs. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8EB0324398258BFC4EF837" box="[982,1019,2010,2034]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1795,1817]" captionTargetBox="[412,1232,1049,1747]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[340,1247,994,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nyansanus; B – C, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nyansanus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231851/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8EB03244492588FB98F837" box="[1031,1069,2009,2034]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1121,1143]" captionTargetBox="[308,1307,451,1080]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[279,1307,431,1099]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nyassicus; B, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nyassicus; C, elytral sculpture of P. nyassicus; D, metathoracic wing of P. nyassicus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231852/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">5A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0598C2FF8EB0324495258BFAEEF837" box="[1243,1371,2009,2034]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Phoberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyikanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8EB0324495258BFAEEF837" box="[1243,1371,2009,2034]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">P. nyikanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks the distinct longitudinal ridges marking intercostal margins, which are prominent in the other three species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8DB031452A22C6FF0EFF11" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,983,1005]" captionTargetBox="[339,1247,259,952]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[326,1260,253,962]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nyikanus holotype; B, lateral habitus of P. nyikanus holotype; C, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nyikanus holotype; D, holotype label." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231848/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8DB031408922EDFF5EFF11" box="[199,235,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,922,944]" captionTargetBox="[432,1194,244,850]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[381,1206,195,901]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nigrociliatus; B – C, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nigrociliatus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231850/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8DB03140B922EDFEA9FF11" box="[247,284,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1795,1817]" captionTargetBox="[412,1232,1049,1747]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[340,1247,994,1774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nyansanus; B – C, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nyansanus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231851/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8DB031416922EDFED3FF10" box="[295,358,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1121,1143]" captionTargetBox="[308,1307,451,1080]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[279,1307,431,1099]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nyassicus; B, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nyassicus; C, elytral sculpture of P. nyassicus; D, metathoracic wing of P. nyassicus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231852/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">5A, 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF7AB3C9FF8DB03140D92186FC98FBC9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231848/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="294" targetBox="[339,1247,259,952]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBAE341FF8DB03140D92186FC98FBC9" blockId="2.[151,1435,983,1036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8DB03140D92186FEA6FC29" bold="true" box="[151,275,983,1005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
A, Dorsal habitus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0598C2FF8DB03141A12186FD04FC28" box="[495,689,983,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Phoberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyikanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8DB03141A12186FD04FC28" box="[495,689,983,1005]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">Phoberus nyikanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype; B, lateral habitus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0598C2FF8DB03143A02188FBD4FC28" box="[1006,1121,983,1006]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Phoberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyikanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8DB03143A02188FBD4FC28" box="[1006,1121,983,1006]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">P. nyikanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype; C, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0598C2FF8DB03141D921A6FDBFFBC9" box="[407,522,1014,1036]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Phoberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyikanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8DB03141D921A6FDBFFBC9" box="[407,522,1014,1036]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">P. nyikanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype; D, holotype label.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7AB3C9FF8DB03140D92493FB8DF933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231849/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="294" targetBox="[347,1236,1086,1703]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBAE341FF8DB03140D92493FB8DF933" blockId="2.[151,1435,1730,1782]" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8DB03140D92493FEADF912" bold="true" box="[151,280,1730,1752]" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Extent of metathoracic wing reduction in A,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0598C2FF8DB03143412493FC63F91D" box="[783,982,1730,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Phoberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyikanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8DB03143412493FC63F91D" box="[783,982,1730,1752]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">Phoberus nyikanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a brachypterous species; compared to B,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0598C2FF8DB03140D924B1FE01F933" authority="Haaf" authorityName="Haaf" box="[151,436,1760,1782]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Phoberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planicollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8DB03140D924B1FEDCF933" box="[151,361,1760,1782]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">Phoberus planicollis</emphasis>
|
||
(Haaf)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a fully-winged, South African species of similar size (15 mm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31FB0CAFF8DB0304089254CFB27FD41" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="295" pageId="2" pageNumber="294" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBAE341FF8DB0304089254CFB27FD41" blockId="2.[151,1436,1821,2026]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,1040]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="295" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8DB0314089254CFE7FF8F3" bold="true" box="[199,458,1821,1846]" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BE5DE3FF8DB0314089254CFE81F8F3" box="[199,308,1821,1846]" pageId="2" pageNumber="294" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
description.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8DB031419D254CFD97F8F3" box="[467,546,1821,1846]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">Colour</emphasis>
|
||
: Black.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8DB03142CA254FFD04F8F0" box="[644,689,1822,1845]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">Size</emphasis>
|
||
: length
|
||
<quantity id="4CFD4EA4FF8DB031435C254CFCCFF8F3" box="[786,890,1821,1846]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.51" pageId="2" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="15.1">15.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width (across humeri)
|
||
<quantity id="4CFD4EA4FF8DB03144C5254CFB53F8F3" box="[1163,1254,1821,1846]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="6.9">6.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8DB03144BD254CFA9AF8F3" box="[1267,1327,1821,1846]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: Clypeus triangular, apical portion deflexed; lateral margins with pointed setae; surface of clypeus and frons punctate; frons with raised, rounded setose ridges; antennal scape black, elongate, with long, black setae; pedicel attached to apex of scape; club black, velutinous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8DB031424725D8FDEAF867" box="[521,607,1929,1954]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,983,1005]" captionTargetBox="[339,1247,259,952]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[326,1260,253,962]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nyikanus holotype; B, lateral habitus of P. nyikanus holotype; C, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nyikanus holotype; D, holotype label." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231848/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
–B).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8DB03142D925DAFCB3F867" box="[663,774,1931,1954]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">Pronotum</emphasis>
|
||
: attenuate anteriorly, sides broad, lateral margins irregular, with fringes of dark brown setae; surface coarsely punctate; median depression distinct and except for median obstruction stretches over entire length of pronotum; anterior half of median depression shallow, posterior half deeper and broader; discal area raised; discal ridges rounded, broad anteriorly, attenuate anteriorly to short narrow ridge; median basal tubercles and lateral basal tubercles present, lateral basal tubercle partially fused to anterolateral tubercle; posterior margin with dense fringe of flat setae; pronotal ridges and tubercles with setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8CB0304521228EFF0DFED9" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,983,1005]" captionTargetBox="[339,1247,259,952]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[326,1260,253,962]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nyikanus holotype; B, lateral habitus of P. nyikanus holotype; C, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nyikanus holotype; D, holotype label." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231848/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
–B).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0598C2FF8CB03040BC2355FE1CFED8" authority="Oval" authorityName="Oval" box="[242,425,260,285]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8CB03040BC2355FED5FED8" box="[242,352,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Scutellum</emphasis>
|
||
: Oval
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as wide as long, sunken basally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8CB03043652355FC30FED9" box="[811,901,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,983,1005]" captionTargetBox="[339,1247,259,952]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[326,1260,253,962]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nyikanus holotype; B, lateral habitus of P. nyikanus holotype; C, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nyikanus holotype; D, holotype label." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231848/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8CB03043D22355FC57FED8" box="[924,994,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Elytra</emphasis>
|
||
: humeral calli present, reduced; lateral margins smooth to slightly irregular; sutural margin raised, with small, round to slightly elongate tubercles with tufts of black setae; even-numbered costae distinct, tubercles partially fused to form low, continuous ridges with regular tufts of setae; odd-numbered costae with small tubercles; indistinct/vestigial longitudinal ridges mark intercostal margin, and intercostal punctures round to evenly undulate with transverse ridges between them; elytral profile convex, attaining maximum height behind middle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8CB030433F23E6FC64FE15" box="[881,977,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,983,1005]" captionTargetBox="[339,1247,259,952]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[326,1260,253,962]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nyikanus holotype; B, lateral habitus of P. nyikanus holotype; C, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nyikanus holotype; D, holotype label." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231848/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
–B).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8CB030445A23E6FB46FE15" box="[1044,1267,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Metathoracic wing</emphasis>
|
||
: wing length approximately equal to length of elytron; apical region distal to apical hinge reduced in size, RP branches incomplete and lacking sclerotization (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8CB030420623AEFD3EFDDD" box="[584,651,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1730,1752]" captionTargetBox="[347,1236,1086,1703]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[343,1243,1086,1708]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Extent of metathoracic wing reduction in A, Phoberus nyikanus, a brachypterous species; compared to B, Phoberus planicollis (Haaf), a fully-winged, South African species of similar size (15 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231849/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8CB03042FB2050FD5FFDDD" box="[693,746,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: protibia bifid, outer margin with 3 small, median teeth, inner margin with long, dense setae, tibial spur as long as, or longer than, third tarsomere; mesotibia and metatibia with long, dense, black setae, 2 apical spurs on inner margin, spurs as long as, or slightly longer, than first tarsomere; tarsomeres ventrally with sparse setae, claws simple (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8CB03042A0203DFCF2FD41" box="[750,839,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,983,1005]" captionTargetBox="[339,1247,259,952]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[326,1260,253,962]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nyikanus holotype; B, lateral habitus of P. nyikanus holotype; C, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nyikanus holotype; D, holotype label." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231848/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8CB0304312203DFBB4FD40" box="[860,1025,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
: See
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8CB0304470203DFBC3FD41" box="[1086,1142,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,983,1005]" captionTargetBox="[339,1247,259,952]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[326,1260,253,962]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nyikanus holotype; B, lateral habitus of P. nyikanus holotype; C, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nyikanus holotype; D, holotype label." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231848/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Fig 1</figureCitation>
|
||
C.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31FB0CAFF8CB030408920DEFAE3FD08" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBAE341FF8CB030408920DEFAE3FD08" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1040]" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8CB030408920DEFE8DFD6D" bold="true" box="[199,312,655,680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Variation</emphasis>
|
||
(1 male and 3 female paratypes). Size: length
|
||
<quantity id="4CFD4EA4FF8CB030431A20C1FC4EFD62" box="[852,1019,656,680]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.285" metricValueMax="1.48" metricValueMin="1.09" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" unit="mm" value="12.85" valueMax="14.8" valueMin="10.9">10.9–14.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width (across humeri)
|
||
<quantity id="4CFD4EA4FF8CB030454220DEFA2DFD62" box="[1292,1432,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="6.9" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" unit="mm" value="6.25" valueMax="6.9" valueMin="5.6">5.6–6.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8CB03040D920E4FF79FD09" box="[151,204,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: outer margin with 2–3 small median teeth. The external morphology of males and females is identical.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31FB0CAFF8CB03040892086FCF3FD35" box="[199,838,727,752]" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBAE341FF8CB03040892086FCF3FD35" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1040]" box="[199,838,727,752]" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8CB03040892086FED5FD35" bold="true" box="[199,352,727,752]" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Nyika Plateau in northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F312A3D1FF8CB03042C02086FD51FD35" box="[654,740,727,752]" name="Malawi" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Malawi</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8CB03042BD2086FC8DFD35" box="[755,824,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionText="FIGURE 6. Distribution of species in the East African Phoberus nigrociliatus group." pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31FB0CAFF8CB030408920ADFB6AFCD0" box="[199,1247,764,789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBAE341FF8CB030408920ADFB6AFCD0" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1040]" box="[199,1247,764,789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8CB030408920ADFEFBFCD0" bold="true" box="[199,334,764,789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is named for the Nyika Plateau, where the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BE5DE3FF8CB030438C20ACFC47FCD0" box="[962,1010,765,789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series was collected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31FB0CAFF8CB0304089214EFB5CFBD5" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBAE341FF8CB0304089214EFB5CFBD5" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1040]" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8CB0304089214EFEFAFCFD" bold="true" box="[199,335,799,824]" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Examination of the metathoracic wings of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0598C2FF8CB0304370214EFBA3FCFD" box="[830,1046,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Phoberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyikanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8CB0304370214EFBA3FCFD" box="[830,1046,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Phoberus nyikanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8CB0304469214EFBDEFCFD" box="[1063,1131,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1730,1752]" captionTargetBox="[347,1236,1086,1703]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[343,1243,1086,1708]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Extent of metathoracic wing reduction in A, Phoberus nyikanus, a brachypterous species; compared to B, Phoberus planicollis (Haaf), a fully-winged, South African species of similar size (15 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231849/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0598C2FF8CB030448C2170FA29FCFD" authority="Haaf" authorityName="Haaf" box="[1218,1436,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Phoberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyassicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8CB030448C2170FAFFFCFD" box="[1218,1354,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">P. nyassicus</emphasis>
|
||
(Haaf)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133EFFC4FF8CB03040D12115FF54FC98" box="[159,225,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1121,1143]" captionTargetBox="[308,1307,451,1080]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[279,1307,431,1099]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. A, Dorsal habitus of Phoberus nyassicus; B, dorsal and lateral views of the aedeagus of P. nyassicus; C, elytral sculpture of P. nyassicus; D, metathoracic wing of P. nyassicus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231852/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
D) clearly shows these two species to be in the early stages of flight loss (stage 1 and 2; See
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF949EB0FF8CB030454C2114FF66FC45" author="Browne" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" refString="Browne, D. J., Scholtz, C. H. & Kukalova-Peck, J. (1993) Phylogenetic significance of wing characters in the Trogidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea). African Entomology, 1, 195 - 206." type="journal article" year="1993">
|
||
Browne
|
||
<emphasis id="B9713F53FF8CB030452D2114FA20FC98" box="[1379,1429,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1993
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In both species the region distal to the apical hinge is reduced in size, the wing membrane is thin, and the RP branches are incomplete and lack the typical dense sclerotization; also the anal region of the metathoracic wing shows some degree of reduction. The metathoracic wings of beetles are used for propulsion during flight (posteromotorism) and, although the flight capability of the two species is not known, we can assume that it is greatly compromised by the degree of wing reduction that likely renders the two species flightless.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |