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<document ID-DOI="10.37520/fi.2022.016" ID-ISSN="2533-4069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7522801" approvalRequired="105" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="25" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="59" approvalRequired_for_treatments="21" checkinTime="1673382488781" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Friis, Else Marie, Crane, Peter R., Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard, Mendes, Mário Miguel &amp; Kvaček, Jiří" docDate="2022" docId="03FD87F2FFE7FFF5FC32FB7FC390FEF7" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilImprint.78.2.341-424.pdf" docOrigin="Fossil Imprint 78 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/fi.2022.016" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634.2:FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleId="0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634" docStyleName="FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Sarcandra parvus E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN, Serialis 2017" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="368" masterDocId="FFC4FF8AFFFDFFEEFFBFFFFFC378FFA6" masterDocTitle="The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms" masterLastPageNumber="424" masterPageNumber="341" pageNumber="367" updateTime="1673383361075" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Friis, Else Marie</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Crane, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Mendes, Mário Miguel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kvaček, Jiří</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-12-20</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>78</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>341</mods:start>
<mods:end>424</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/fi.2022.016</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.37520/fi.2022.016</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2533-4069</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7522801</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87F2FFE7FFF5FC32FB7FC390FEF7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD87F2FFE7FFF5FC32FB7FC390FEF7" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="368" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="367" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="26.[909,1415,1152,1208]" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">
<heading centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" reason="2">
Saportanthus
<taxonomicName authority="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN, 2017" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN, Serialis" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Sarcandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parvus">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1064,1138,1153,1176]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">parvus</emphasis>
E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN, 2017
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="26.[1081,1243,1216,1240]" box="[1081,1243,1216,1240]" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">
<figureCitation box="[1081,1243,1216,1240]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="28.[147,228,1662,1683]" captionTargetBox="[150,1462,151,1646]" captionTargetId="figure-147@28.[145,1466,148,1649]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Text-fig. 18. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of fragmentary flower of Catanthus dolichostemon (a, b) and flower of Saportanthus parvus (c, d); Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Fragment of flower bud showing bulky tepals (te) and fleshy stamens (st) in ventral (a) and lateral (b) views; note the long stamen base and small anther with extrorse anther dehiscence (arrows); c, d) Flower in lateral (c) and oblique apical (d) views showing inferior ovary and eight bulky tepals almost completely enclosing the stamens and styles. Specimens, Catefica MM92-P0159 (a, b), Catefica MM285-P0331 (c, d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522839/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">Text-fig. 18c, d</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="368" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="26.[843,1482,1263,1671]" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">
D e s c r i p t i o n a n d r e m a r k s. The species was described based on well-preserved flowers from the Catefica mesofossil flora (for a full description see
<bibRefCitation author="Friis, E. M. &amp; Crane, P. R. &amp; Pedersen, K. R." box="[1297,1471,1327,1351]" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" pagination="650 - 672" refId="ref55023" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2017): Saportanthus, an extinct genus of Laurales from the Early Cretaceous of Portugal. - International Journal of Plant Sciences, 178: 650 - 672. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 693108" type="journal article" year="2017">Friis et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
). The flowers are small, actinomorphic, with six to eight broadly ovate tepals, five to seven stamens, and a unicarpellate, uniovulate, semi-inferior ovary (
<figureCitation box="[1220,1409,1423,1447]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="28.[147,228,1662,1683]" captionTargetBox="[150,1462,151,1646]" captionTargetId="figure-147@28.[145,1466,148,1649]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Text-fig. 18. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of fragmentary flower of Catanthus dolichostemon (a, b) and flower of Saportanthus parvus (c, d); Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Fragment of flower bud showing bulky tepals (te) and fleshy stamens (st) in ventral (a) and lateral (b) views; note the long stamen base and small anther with extrorse anther dehiscence (arrows); c, d) Flower in lateral (c) and oblique apical (d) views showing inferior ovary and eight bulky tepals almost completely enclosing the stamens and styles. Specimens, Catefica MM92-P0159 (a, b), Catefica MM285-P0331 (c, d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522839/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">Text-fig. 18c, d</figureCitation>
). The pollen is 8–12 µm in diameter. The aperture configuration of the pollen is not securely established for the material from Catefica, but the tectum ornamentation is finely striate and forms a fingerprint-like pattern (
<bibRefCitation author="Friis, E. M. &amp; Crane, P. R. &amp; Pedersen, K. R." box="[1178,1346,1551,1575]" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" pagination="650 - 672" refId="ref55023" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2017): Saportanthus, an extinct genus of Laurales from the Early Cretaceous of Portugal. - International Journal of Plant Sciences, 178: 650 - 672. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 693108" type="journal article" year="2017">Friis et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 13A–C) similar to that known for the trichotomocolpate and dicolpate pollen of the two other species of
<emphasis box="[1189,1328,1615,1639]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">Saportanthus</emphasis>
recorded from other Early Cretaceous mesofossil floras from
<collectingCountry box="[1327,1419,1647,1671]" name="Portugal" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">Portugal</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="26.[843,1482,1694,2071]" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">
A f f i n i t y a n d o t h e r o c c u r r e n c e s. A phylogenetic assessment of
<emphasis box="[1083,1225,1726,1750]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">Saportanthus</emphasis>
suggests that the genus is sister to, or embedded within, core
<taxonomicName authority="(Friis et al. 2017)" baseAuthorityName="Friis" baseAuthorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">
Laurales (
<bibRefCitation author="Friis, E. M. &amp; Crane, P. R. &amp; Pedersen, K. R." pageId="26" pageNumber="367" pagination="650 - 672" refId="ref55023" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2017): Saportanthus, an extinct genus of Laurales from the Early Cretaceous of Portugal. - International Journal of Plant Sciences, 178: 650 - 672. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 693108" type="journal article" year="2017">Friis et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The genus is widely distributed among the Early Cretaceous mesofossil floras from
<collectingCountry box="[1226,1320,1822,1846]" name="Portugal" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">Portugal</collectingCountry>
. Three species are currently recognized;
<taxonomicName authority="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Sarcandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brachystemon">
<emphasis box="[1159,1172,1855,1878]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[1201,1351,1854,1878]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">brachystemon</emphasis>
E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authority="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Sarcandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dolichostemon">
<emphasis box="[1169,1182,1887,1910]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[1203,1359,1886,1910]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">dolichostemon</emphasis>
E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN, Serialis" authorityYear="2017" box="[1215,1321,1919,1942]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Sarcandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parvus">
<emphasis box="[1215,1228,1919,1942]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[1248,1321,1919,1942]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">parvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Currently,
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN, Serialis" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Sarcandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parvus">
<emphasis box="[1462,1475,1919,1942]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[843,916,1951,1974]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">parvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from Catefica. “Flower sp. 2” from the Chicalhão site near Juncal is closely similar and may also belong to this species, but only
<specimenCount box="[1184,1331,2014,2038]" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
is known and there are no details of internal features (
<bibRefCitation author="Friis, E. M. &amp; Crane, P. R. &amp; Pedersen, K. R." box="[1267,1441,2046,2071]" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" pagination="650 - 672" refId="ref55023" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2017): Saportanthus, an extinct genus of Laurales from the Early Cretaceous of Portugal. - International Journal of Plant Sciences, 178: 650 - 672. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 693108" type="journal article" year="2017">Friis et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="27.[106,745,151,337]" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">
Flowers of
<emphasis box="[280,509,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">
Saportanthus
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN, Serialis" authorityYear="2017" box="[436,509,152,175]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Sarcandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parvus">parvus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
are common in the Catefica mesofossil flora, but the characteristic, finely striate pollen grains produced by these flowers have so far not been observed in the Catefica dispersed palynoflora, probably due to their very thin and poorly preservable pollen wall.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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