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<document id="331867F35503FC361BAC8084403EA713" ID-CLB-Dataset="295856" ID-DOI="10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0112" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b5671611-d9d0-4099-93f1-d79d6f1f22fc" ID-ISSN="1982-0224" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11164202" ID-ZooBank="95847932-0AAA-4024-8BB3-69684368D313" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.tables_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1714152057847" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Tencatt, Luiz Fernando Caserta, Couto, Ondina Lillan Pinto do, Santos, Sérgio Alexandre dos &amp; Sousa, Leandro Melo de" docDate="2024" docId="03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B" docLanguage="en" docName="NeotropIchthyol.2024.22.1.e230112.pdf" docOrigin="Neotropical Ichthyology (e 230112) 22 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0112" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FC0C3FD10650AF21F8DA93D98D275823.3:NeotropIchthyol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="FC0C3FD10650AF21F8DA93D98D275823" docStyleName="NeotropIchthyol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Corydoras caramater Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa 2024, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="FFD3FFE5F142FF1D9936FF93FFC7FFDB" masterDocTitle="A new long-snouted Corydoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Xingu and rio Tapajós basins, Brazilian Amazon" masterLastPageNumber="30" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1715265108487" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="57FE49652E1900F2B09812079CF75D1F">A new long-snouted Corydoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Xingu and rio Tapajós basins, Brazilian Amazon</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6DCE96A84A91DBF52EF27933DF29C539">Tencatt, Luiz Fernando Caserta</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7CA6373CE6542530E673A63BA98224E7">Departamento de Biologia e Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Avenida Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Boa Esperança, 78060 - 900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil. (LFCT) luiztencatt @ hotmail. com (corresponding author).</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="51783BA2B1144974F2AAB0242B0458E2">Couto, Ondina Lillan Pinto do</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="579AEB8261F9EAB84D21BFE97D9048D6">Laboratório de Ictiologia de Altamira, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Coronel José PorfÍrio, 2515, São Sebastião, 68372 - 040 Altamira, PA, Brazil. (OLPC) ondina. couto @ gmail. com, (LMS) lmsousa @ ufpa. br.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D98810DD938BA77305C951E8E7445D06">Santos, Sérgio Alexandre dos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="534ACAC390A0087AD5E1D0B4DF454345">Sousa, Leandro Melo de</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F141FF1E9A33FC3BFBC3FC1A" authority="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa, 2024" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[773,1028,936,961]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater" status="sp. nov.">
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(
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF141FF1E9A62FBADFC00FB8D" box="[852,967,1086,1110]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-10="FIGURE 11" captionStart-11="FIGURE 12" captionStart-12="FIGURE 13" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStart-6="FIGURE 7" captionStart-7="FIGURE 8" captionStart-8="FIGURE 9" captionStart-9="FIGURE 10" captionStartId-0="4.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionStartId-1="5.[488,561,977,997]" captionStartId-10="15.[488,561,1089,1109]" captionStartId-11="17.[488,561,1126,1146]" captionStartId-12="18.[488,561,1052,1072]" captionStartId-2="7.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionStartId-3="8.[488,561,902,922]" captionStartId-4="8.[488,561,1761,1781]" captionStartId-5="9.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionStartId-6="10.[487,560,1724,1744]" captionStartId-7="11.[486,559,1686,1706]" captionStartId-8="13.[488,561,1201,1221]" captionStartId-9="14.[488,561,1164,1184]" captionTargetBox-0="[488,1459,757,1776]" captionTargetBox-1="[492,1441,196,947]" captionTargetBox-10="[561,1366,181,1046]" captionTargetBox-11="[488,1459,171,1104]" captionTargetBox-12="[493,1442,199,1021]" captionTargetBox-2="[690,1459,1179,1875]" captionTargetBox-3="[623,1337,184,866]" captionTargetBox-4="[603,1352,1144,1734]" captionTargetBox-5="[535,1459,1090,1757]" captionTargetBox-6="[529,1420,814,1699]" captionTargetBox-7="[505,1448,919,1650]" captionTargetBox-8="[529,1423,184,1160]" captionTargetBox-9="[504,1432,203,1124]" captionTargetId-0="figure-212@4.[488,1459,757,1776]" captionTargetId-1="figure-317@5.[488,1459,184,955]" captionTargetId-10="figure-24@15.[561,1386,171,1067]" captionTargetId-11="figure-23@17.[488,1459,171,1104]" captionTargetId-12="figure-114@18.[488,1459,187,1029]" captionTargetId-2="figure-333@7.[659,1459,1179,1888]" captionTargetId-3="figure-29@8.[609,1337,171,882]" captionTargetId-4="figure-30@8.[584,1363,1129,1734]" captionTargetId-5="figure-269@9.[488,1459,1067,1774]" captionTargetId-6="figure-206@10.[512,1435,803,1703]" captionTargetId-7="figure-228@11.[488,1459,905,1664]" captionTargetId-8="figure-171@13.[519,1427,171,1179]" captionTargetId-9="figure-30@14.[488,1459,184,1141]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-10="15" captionTargetPageId-11="17" captionTargetPageId-12="18" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionTargetPageId-4="8" captionTargetPageId-5="9" captionTargetPageId-6="10" captionTargetPageId-7="11" captionTargetPageId-8="13" captionTargetPageId-9="14" captionText-0="FIGURE 1 | Corydoras caramater, holotype, MNRJ 54621, 49.3 mm SL, Senador José Porfírio, Pará, Brazil, rio Bacajaí, rio Xingu basin." captionText-1="FIGURE 2 | Two preserved specimens of Corydoras caramater, showing general color and morphological patterns in lateral view of (A) a paratype (LIA 8170, 38.1 mm SL), and (B) a non-type specimen from the rio Tapajós basin (CPUFMT 8149, 1, 49.9 mm SL)." captionText-10="FIGURE 11 | General morphology of caudal skeleton in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing the small cartilage (black dotted line) between upper principal and procurrent caudal-fin rays. Abbreviations: ccc: compound caudal centrum, cfr: caudal-fin principal rays, dpcr: dorsal procurrent rays, epu: epural, has: haemal spine, hyp 1–5: hypurals 1 to 5, nes: neural spine, par: parhypural, pu 2–4: preural centra 2 to 4, un: uroneural, vpcr: ventral procurrent rays. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bar = 1 mm." captionText-11="FIGURE 12 | Uncatalogued aquarium specimens of Corydoras caramater from the rio Tapajós basin photographed alive, showing general color pattern and morphology of a male (A) and of a female (B) specimens. Photos by Hans Evers." captionText-12="FIGURE 13 | Specimens of Corydoras caramater from the rio Tapajós basin photographed alive in lateral view, showing general color pattern and morphology of (A) an uncatalogued specimen from the rio Pacu with paler background color of body, (B) an uncatalogued specimen from igarapé Sonrisal with slightly darker background color of body, and (C) a non-type specimen (CPUFMT 8149, 1, 49.9 mm SL) from the rio Pacu with clearly darker background color of body. Photos by William Ohara." captionText-2="FIGURE 3 | Head osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing general morphology in lateral view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, n: nasal, op: opercle, pes: pteroticextrascapular, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Scale bar = 1 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 4 | Details on cranium osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL), showing general morphology of (A) lateral ethmoid in lateral view, and of (B) mesethmoid in dorsal view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, le: lateral ethmoid, n: nasal, pes: pterotic-extrascapular, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm." captionText-4="FIGURE 5 | Tip of snout in a paratype of Corydoras caramater (CITL 929, 45.3 mm SL), showing the area at corner of mouth in lateral view. Red arrow indicates the roughly triangular fleshy flap located between maxillary barbel and anteroventral portion of snout tip; yellow arrow indicates fleshy flap on dorsolateral portion of maxillary barbel base. Area where the illustrated structures are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bar = 1 mm." captionText-5="FIGURE 6 | Top of head and predorsal region of trunk of a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL) in dorsal view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, n: nasal, np: nuchal plate, pes: pterotic-extrascapular, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Scale bar = 1 mm." captionText-6="FIGURE 7 | Infraorbital series in lateral (A) and dorsal (B) views, and (C) suspensorium plus operculum in lateral view of a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL). Abbreviations: aa: angulo-articular, d: dentary, hym: hyomandibula, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, mp: metapterygoid, op: opercle, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, q: quadrate. Red arrows indicate the inner laminar expansions of both infraorbitals. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm." captionText-7="FIGURE 8 | Hyoid and branchial arches in (A) a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL), showing its general morphology in dorsal view, with the detail of hypobranchial (hb) 1 and 2, and of (B) upper tooth plate plus pharyngobranchials ((pb3 and 4) 3 and 4). General morphology in dorsal view of both hypobranchials (1 and 2) of another c&amp;s paratype (CITL 929, 45.3 mm SL). Area highlighted in red in (A) indicating the position of upper tooth plate plus pharyngobranchials in the branchial basket. Scale bars = 1 mm." captionText-8="FIGURE 9 | Lateral view of (A) the dorsal-fin spine and dorsal view of (B) the left pectoral-fin spine in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing their serration patterns. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm." captionText-9="FIGURE 10 | Pelvic girdle in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL). Abbreviations: bp: basipterygium, pae: anterior external process, pai: anterior internal process, pi: dorsal ischiac process. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Left dorsal ischiac process damaged during dissection. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164204" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164208" figureDoi-10="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164232" figureDoi-11="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164234" figureDoi-12="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164238" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164212" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164214" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164218" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164220" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164222" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164225" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164227" figureDoi-9="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164230" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11164204/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11164208/files/figure.png" httpUri-10="https://zenodo.org/record/11164232/files/figure.png" httpUri-11="https://zenodo.org/record/11164234/files/figure.png" httpUri-12="https://zenodo.org/record/11164238/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/11164212/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/11164214/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/11164218/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/11164220/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/11164222/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/11164225/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/11164227/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/11164230/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1-13</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF141FF1E9AE2FBADFC36FB8D" box="[980,1009,1086,1110]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="21.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,185,1399]" captionTargetId="figure-24@21.[488,1459,185,1402]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 16 | Ontogenetic series of Corydoras caramater (bred under aquarium conditions) showing general changes in external morphology and color pattern in specimens with (A) 8.0 mm TL, (B) 10.0 mm TL; (C) 13.0 mm TL, (D) 16.0 mm TL, (E) 19.0 mm TL, and (F) 24.0 mm TL. Photos by Hans Evers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164244/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">16</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="C6C10330F141FF1E9ACBFBADFB83FB8D" box="[1021,1092,1086,1110]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[488,550,193,213]" captionTargetBox="[495,1411,293,1137]" captionTargetId="graphics-25@7.[488,1459,362,960]" captionText="TABLE 1 | Morphometric data of the holotype and 17 paratypes of Corydoras caramater. SD = Standard deviation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3C6603F145FF1A98DEFF52FD8FFF20" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" tableUuid="DF3C6603F145FF1A98DEFF52FD8FFF20">Tab. 1</tableCitation>
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3596500F141FF189B30FB1AFC71FACB" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF141FF1E9B30FB1AFABEFB1E" blockId="3.[486,1459,1160,1222]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F141FF1E9B30FB1AFABEFB1E" collectingDate="2014-07-11" collectionCode="MNRJ" collectorName="A. Goncalves &amp; D. Bastos." country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.8916667" location="rio Bacajai" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.72028" municipality="Senador Jose Porfirio" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="MNRJ 54621" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Para" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F141FF1E9B30FB1AFDBAFB7A" bold="true" box="[518,637,1161,1185]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<typeStatus id="54F88829F141FF1E9B30FB1AFDBEFB7A" box="[518,633,1161,1185]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F141FF1E9BB5FB1AFCDCFB7B" box="[643,795,1160,1184]" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MNRJ 54621</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF141FF1E9A13FB1AFC40FB7B" box="[805,903,1161,1185]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.93" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="49.3">49.3 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<collectingCountry id="F354761BF141FF1E9A81FB1BFC3CFB7B" box="[951,1019,1160,1184]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="4987F869F141FF1E9D32FB1AFBF0FB7A" box="[1028,1079,1161,1185]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Pará</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B98ACF1F141FF1E9D77FB1BFAE9FB7B" box="[1089,1326,1160,1185]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Senador José Porfírio</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8E9C6050F141FF1E9C01FB1BFA68FB7B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F141FF1E9C01FB1BFA68FB7B" box="[1335,1455,1160,1184]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.8916667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.72028" municipality="Senador Jose Porfirio" name="rio Bacajai" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Para">rio Bacajaí</location>
, rio Xingu basin, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9B93FB3DFCE5FB1D" box="[677,802,1198,1222]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="30" value="-3.8916667">03°53’30”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9A1FFB3DFC7FFB1D" box="[809,952,1198,1222]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="13" value="-51.72028">51°43’13”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF141FF1E9AF2FB3DFB82FB1D" box="[964,1093,1198,1222]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-07-11">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F141FF1E9AF2FB3DFB82FB1D" box="[964,1093,1198,1222]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-07-11">11 Jul 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9D67FB3DFB21FB1D" box="[1105,1254,1198,1222]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. Gonçalves</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9C3EFB3DFABEFB1E" box="[1288,1401,1198,1221]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. Bastos.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF141FF199B30FB6AFADCFD4D" blockId="3.[486,1459,1272,1894]" lastBlockId="4.[487,1460,190,662]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F141FF1E9B30FB6AFB17FA80" collectingDate="2014-07-12" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="A. Goncalves &amp; D. Bastos." country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="rio Xingu" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="Senador Jose Porfirio" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="CITL 929" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Para" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F141FF1E9B30FB6AFD47FACA" bold="true" box="[518,640,1273,1297]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<typeStatus id="54F88829F141FF1E9B30FB6AFDBCFACA" box="[518,635,1273,1297]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
All from 
<collectingCountry id="F354761BF141FF1E9BDEFB6BFCEBFACB" box="[744,812,1272,1296]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="4987F869F141FF1E9A01FB6AFCADFACA" box="[823,874,1273,1297]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Pará</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B98ACF1F141FF1E9A42FB6BFBA6FACB" box="[884,1121,1272,1297]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Senador José Porfírio</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8E9C6050F141FF1E9D5DFB6BFB1EFACB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F141FF1E9D5DFB6BFB1EFACB" box="[1131,1241,1272,1296]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="Senador Jose Porfirio" name="rio Xingu" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Para">rio Xingu</location>
basin, except when noted. 
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F141FF1E9B0FFA8DFD76FAED" box="[569,689,1310,1334]" collectionCode="CITL" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">CITL 929</specimenCode>
, 5 of 6, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF141FF1E9A2AFA8DFC05FAEE" box="[796,962,1310,1334]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.529999999999999" metricValueMin="3.57" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="40.5" valueMax="45.3" valueMin="35.7">35.7–45.3 mm</quantity>
SL, 1 of 6 c&amp;s, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF141FF1E9DBBFA8DFB32FAEE" box="[1165,1269,1310,1334]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.529999999999999" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="45.3">45.3 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<location id="8E9C6050F141FF1E9C06FA8DFA69FAED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F141FF1E9C06FA8DFA69FAED" box="[1328,1454,1310,1334]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="Senador Jose Porfirio" name="rio Bacajai" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Para">rio Bacajaí</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E98DEFAD0FDA2FA80" box="[488,613,1347,1371]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="20" value="-3.688889">03°41’20”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9B58FAD0FD39FA80" box="[622,766,1347,1371]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="08" value="-51.752224">51°45’08”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF141FF1E9A3AFAD0FC56FA80" box="[780,913,1347,1371]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-07-12">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F141FF1E9A3AFAD0FC56FA80" box="[780,913,1347,1371]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-07-12">12 Jul 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9AA9FAD0FBF1FA80" box="[927,1078,1347,1371]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. Gonçalves</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9D6AFAD7FB17FA80" box="[1116,1232,1348,1371]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. Bastos.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F141FF1E9DEFFAD0FDF2FA7E" collectingDate="2014-07-09" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="A. Goncalves &amp; D. Bastos." country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="rio Bacajai" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="CPUFMT 8150" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F141FF1E9DEFFAD0FA56FA80" box="[1241,1425,1347,1371]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">CPUFMT 8150</specimenCode>
, 2, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF141FF1E98DEFAFBFD4DFA5B" box="[488,650,1384,1408]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.795" metricValueMax="4.07" metricValueMin="3.52" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="37.95" valueMax="40.7" valueMin="35.2">35.2–40.7 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<location id="8E9C6050F141FF1E9B8BFAFBFCF1FA5B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F141FF1E9B8BFAFBFCF1FA5B" box="[701,822,1384,1408]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" name="rio Bacajai" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">rio Bacajaí</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9A77FAFAFC79FA5A" box="[833,958,1385,1409]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="47" value="-3.8130555">03°48’47”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9AF0FAFBFB91FA5B" box="[966,1110,1384,1408]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="07" value="-51.68528">51°41’07”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF141FF1E9D57FAFAFB13FA5A" box="[1121,1236,1384,1409]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-07-09">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F141FF1E9D57FAFAFB13FA5A" box="[1121,1236,1384,1409]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-07-09">9 Jul 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9DD6FAFAFAB2FA5B" box="[1248,1397,1384,1409]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. Gonçalves</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9CA0FAFAFDF2FA7E" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. Bastos.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F141FF1E9B0AFA1DFCA4FA10" collectingDate="2014-07-11" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="A. Goncalves &amp; D. Bastos." country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="rio Bacajai" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="INPA 60241" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F141FF1E9B0AFA1DFD0AFA7D" box="[572,717,1422,1446]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">INPA 60241</specimenCode>
, 3, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF141FF1E9BC3FA1DFC5FFA7E" box="[757,920,1422,1446]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9099999999999993" metricValueMax="4.4399999999999995" metricValueMin="3.38" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="39.099999999999994" valueMax="44.4" valueMin="33.8">33.8–44.4 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<location id="8E9C6050F141FF1E9AFDFA1DFB81FA7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F141FF1E9AFDFA1DFB81FA7D" box="[971,1094,1422,1446]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" name="rio Bacajai" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">rio Bacajaí</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9D67FA1DFB09FA7D" box="[1105,1230,1422,1446]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="02" value="-3.817222">03°49’02”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9DE0FA1DFAA2FA7D" box="[1238,1381,1422,1446]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="04" value="-51.684444">51°41’04”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF141FF1E9C44FA1DFDE6FA10" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-07-11">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F141FF1E9C44FA1DFDE6FA10" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-07-11">11 Jul 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9B19FA20FD00FA10" box="[559,711,1459,1483]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. Gonçalves</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9BD8FA27FCA4FA10" box="[750,867,1460,1483]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. Bastos.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F141FF1E9A5AFA20FB7DFA2B" collectingDate="2014-07-12" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="A. Goncalves &amp; D. Bastos." country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="rio Bacajai" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="MZUSP 129261" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F141FF1E9A5AFA20FBEEFA10" box="[876,1065,1459,1483]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MZUSP 129261</specimenCode>
, 4, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF141FF1E9D60FA20FB3CFA10" box="[1110,1275,1459,1483]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8349999999999995" metricValueMax="3.9799999999999995" metricValueMin="3.69" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="38.349999999999994" valueMax="39.8" valueMin="36.9">36.9–39.8 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<location id="8E9C6050F141FF1E9C05FA20FA77FA10" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F141FF1E9C05FA20FA77FA10" box="[1331,1456,1459,1483]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" name="rio Bacajai" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">rio Bacajaí</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E98DEFA4AFDA2FA2A" box="[488,613,1497,1521]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-3.6561112">03°39’22”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9B5AFA4BFD3CFA2B" box="[620,763,1496,1520]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="40" value="-51.761112">51°45’40”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF141FF1E9A31FA4AFC40FA2A" box="[775,903,1496,1521]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-07-12">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F141FF1E9A31FA4AFC40FA2A" box="[775,903,1496,1521]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-07-12">12 Jul 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9AA5FA4AFBE0FA2B" box="[915,1063,1496,1521]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. Gonçalves</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9D7EFA4AFB7DFA2B" box="[1096,1210,1497,1520]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. Bastos.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F141FF1E9DF6FA4AFA84F9CD" collectingDate="2013-10-16" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="A. Goncalves." country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="rio Bacajai" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="LIA 148" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F141FF1E9DF6FA4AFAD9FA2A" box="[1216,1310,1497,1521]" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">LIA 148</specimenCode>
, 2, 39.9–44.0 mm SL, 
<location id="8E9C6050F141FF1E9B78FA6DFD0CF9CD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F141FF1E9B78FA6DFD0CF9CD" box="[590,715,1534,1558]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" name="rio Bacajai" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">rio Bacajaí</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9BEFFA6DFC91F9CD" box="[729,854,1534,1558]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="19" value="-3.6052778">03°36’19”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9A57FA6DFC37F9CD" box="[865,1008,1534,1558]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="05" value="-51.768055">51°46’05”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF141FF1E9D36FA6DFB53F9CD" box="[1024,1172,1534,1558]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2013-10-16">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F141FF1E9D36FA6DFB53F9CD" box="[1024,1172,1534,1558]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2013-10-16">16 Oct 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9D95FA6DFA84F9CD" box="[1187,1347,1534,1558]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. Gonçalves.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F141FF1E9C7AFA6DFC94F9BB" collectingDate="2014-07-11" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="A. Goncalves &amp; D. Bastos." country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="rio Bacajai" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="LIA 299" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F141FF1E9C7AFA6DFA68F9CD" box="[1356,1455,1534,1558]" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">LIA 299</specimenCode>
, 4, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF141FF1E9B33F9B0FD6FF9E0" box="[517,680,1571,1595]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3549999999999995" metricValueMax="3.65" metricValueMin="3.06" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="33.55" valueMax="36.5" valueMin="30.6">30.6–36.5 mm</quantity>
SL, 1 c&amp;s, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF141FF1E9A1AF9B0FC56F9E0" box="[812,913,1571,1595]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.91" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="39.1">39.1 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<location id="8E9C6050F141FF1E9AF1F9B0FB85F9E0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F141FF1E9AF1F9B0FB85F9E0" box="[967,1090,1571,1595]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" name="rio Bacajai" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">rio Bacajaí</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9D78F9B0FB0CF9E0" box="[1102,1227,1571,1595]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="39" value="-3.8941665">03°53’39”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9DE2F9B0FAA4F9E0" box="[1236,1379,1571,1595]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="28" value="-51.724445">51°43’28”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF141FF1E9C47F9B0FDE6F9BA" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-07-11">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F141FF1E9C47F9B0FDE6F9BA" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-07-11">11 Jul 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9B1AF9DAFD07F9BB" box="[556,704,1608,1633]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. Gonçalves</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9BD4F9DAFC94F9BB" box="[738,851,1609,1632]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. Bastos.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F141FF1E9A6FF9DAFB8CF95E" collectingDate="2014-07-11" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="A. Goncalves &amp; D. Bastos." country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="rio Bacajai" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="LIA 370" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F141FF1E9A6FF9DAFC7FF9BA" box="[857,952,1609,1633]" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">LIA 370</specimenCode>
, 3, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF141FF1E9AE8F9DBFB47F9BB" box="[990,1152,1608,1632]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.755" metricValueMax="4.05" metricValueMin="3.46" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="37.55" valueMax="40.5" valueMin="34.6">34.6–40.5 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<location id="8E9C6050F141FF1E9D84F9DBFAECF9BB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F141FF1E9D84F9DBFAECF9BB" box="[1202,1323,1608,1632]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" name="rio Bacajai" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">rio Bacajaí</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9C00F9DBFA74F9BB" box="[1334,1459,1608,1632]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="23" value="-3.8397222">03°50’23”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E98DEF9FDFDB0F95D" box="[488,631,1646,1670]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="42" value="-51.678333">51°40’42”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF141FF1E9BB3F9FDFCCCF95D" box="[645,779,1646,1670]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-07-11">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F141FF1E9BB3F9FDFCCCF95D" box="[645,779,1646,1670]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-07-11">11 Jul 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9A2FF9FDFC77F95D" box="[793,944,1646,1670]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. Gonçalves</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9AE1F9FDFB8CF95E" box="[983,1099,1646,1669]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. Bastos.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F141FF1E9D65F9FDFA8FF970" collectingDate="2014-07-11" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="A. Goncalves &amp; D. Bastos." country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="rio Bacajai" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="LIA 530" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F141FF1E9D65F9FDFB72F95D" box="[1107,1205,1646,1670]" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">LIA 530</specimenCode>
, 4, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF141FF1E9DD6F9FDFA42F95E" box="[1248,1413,1646,1670]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4200000000000004" metricValueMax="3.9799999999999995" metricValueMin="2.8600000000000003" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="34.2" valueMax="39.8" valueMin="28.6">28.6–39.8 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<location id="8E9C6050F141FF1E98DEF900FDA5F970" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F141FF1E98DEF900FDA5F970" box="[488,610,1683,1707]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" name="rio Bacajai" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">rio Bacajaí</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9B5BF900FD2DF970" box="[621,746,1683,1707]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="56" value="-3.698889">03°41’56”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9BC5F900FC45F970" box="[755,898,1683,1707]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="23" value="-51.739723">51°44’23”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF141FF1E9AB9F900FBD6F970" box="[911,1041,1683,1707]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-07-11">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F141FF1E9AB9F900FBD6F970" box="[911,1041,1683,1707]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-07-11">11 Jul 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9D2BF900FB74F970" box="[1053,1203,1683,1707]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. Gonçalves</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9DE0F907FA8FF970" box="[1238,1352,1684,1707]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. Bastos.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F141FF1E9C79F900FDF2F92E" collectingDate="2014-07-12" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="A. Goncalves &amp; D. Bastos." country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="rio Bacajai" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="LIA 672" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F141FF1E9C79F900FA68F970" box="[1359,1455,1683,1707]" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">LIA 672</specimenCode>
, 1, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF141FF1E9B33F92AFDADF90B" box="[517,618,1721,1745]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7199999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="27.2">27.2 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<location id="8E9C6050F141FF1E9B96F92BFCDCF90B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F141FF1E9B96F92BFCDCF90B" box="[672,795,1720,1744]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" name="rio Bacajai" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">rio Bacajaí</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9A11F92AFC63F90A" box="[807,932,1721,1745]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="41" value="-3.644722">03°38’41”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9A9BF92BFBFAF90B" box="[941,1085,1720,1744]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="13" value="-51.753613">51°45’13”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF141FF1E9D7CF92AFB09F90A" box="[1098,1230,1720,1745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-07-12">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F141FF1E9D7CF92AFB09F90A" box="[1098,1230,1720,1745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-07-12">12 Jul 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9DEDF92AFAB5F90B" box="[1243,1394,1720,1745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. Gonçalves</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9CA0F92AFDF2F92E" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. Bastos.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F141FF1E9B0AF94DFB75F8C0" collectingDate="2014-10-06" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="D. Bastos &amp; R. Oliveira" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="rio Xingu" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="Vitoria do Xingu" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="LIA 864, 1" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F141FF1E9B0AF94DFD5CF92D" box="[572,667,1758,1782]" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">LIA 864</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F141FF1E9B9EF94DFD71F92D" box="[680,694,1758,1782]" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">1</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF141FF1E9BF2F94DFCEEF92E" box="[708,809,1758,1782]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="36.5">36.5 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B98ACF1F141FF1E9A6AF94DFBE4F92D" box="[860,1059,1758,1782]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Vitória do Xingu</collectingMunicipality>
, igarapé tributary of the 
<location id="8E9C6050F141FF1E9C0AF94DFA68F92D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F141FF1E9C0AF94DFA68F92D" box="[1340,1455,1758,1782]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="Vitoria do Xingu" name="rio Xingu" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">rio Xingu</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E98DEF890FDA2F8C0" box="[488,613,1795,1819]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="29" value="-3.324722">03°19’29”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9B58F890FD39F8C0" box="[622,766,1795,1819]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="20" value="-51.788887">51°47’20”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF141FF1E9A3DF890FC48F8C0" box="[779,911,1795,1819]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-10-06">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F141FF1E9A3DF890FC48F8C0" box="[779,911,1795,1819]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-10-06">6 Oct 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9AAAF897FBCFF8C0" box="[924,1032,1796,1819]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. Bastos</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9D1BF897FB69F8C0" box="[1069,1198,1795,1819]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">R. Oliveira</collectorName>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F141FF1E9D8DF890FC53F8BD" collectingDate="2014-10-05" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="D. Bastos &amp; R. Oliveira" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="Vitoria do Xingu" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="LIA 893" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F141FF1E9D8DF890FADCF8C0" box="[1211,1307,1795,1819]" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">LIA 893</specimenCode>
, 2, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF141FF1E9C73F890FDD2F89B" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8649999999999998" metricValueMax="4.35" metricValueMin="3.38" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="38.65" valueMax="43.5" valueMin="33.8">33.8–43.5 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<location id="8E9C6050F141FF1E9B70F8BBFCCCF89B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F141FF1E9B70F8BBFCCCF89B" box="[582,779,1832,1856]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" name="Vitoria do Xingu" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Vitória do Xingu</location>
, igarapé tributary of the 
<location id="8E9C6050F141FF1E9D28F8BBFB57F89B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F141FF1E9D28F8BBFB57F89B" box="[1054,1168,1832,1856]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" name="rio Xingu" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">rio Xingu</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9DADF8BBFADFF89B" box="[1179,1304,1832,1856]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-3.2658334">03°15’57”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF141FF1E9C29F8BBFA69F89B" box="[1311,1454,1832,1856]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="50" value="-51.730556">51°43’50”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF141FF1E98D1F8DDFDAAF8BD" box="[487,621,1870,1894]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-10-05">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F141FF1E98D1F8DDFDAAF8BD" box="[487,621,1870,1894]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2014-10-05">5 Oct 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9B4CF8DDFD20F8BE" box="[634,743,1870,1893]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. Bastos</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF141FF1E9A38F8DDFC57F8BD" box="[782,912,1870,1894]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">R. Oliveira</collectorName>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F141FF199AABF8DDFA73FF0D" collectingDate="2014-10-03" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="D. Bastos &amp; R. Oliveira" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" latitude="-3.686389" location="rio Bacaja" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="LIA 970" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F141FF1E9AABF8DDFC39F8BD" box="[925,1022,1870,1894]" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">LIA 970</specimenCode>
, 2, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF141FF1E9D1CF8DDFB08F8BE" box="[1066,1231,1870,1894]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.265" metricValueMax="4.68" metricValueMin="3.85" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="42.65" valueMax="46.8" valueMin="38.5">38.5–46.8 mm</quantity>
SL, Anapu, igarapé tributary of the 
<location id="8E9C6050F146FF199BA5FF2DFCC5FF0D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F146FF199BA5FF2DFCC5FF0D" box="[659,770,190,214]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" name="rio Bacaja" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">rio Bacajá</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF146FF199A3DFF2DFC4FFF0D" box="[779,904,190,214]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="15" seconds="18" value="-3.6716669">03°40’18”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF146FF199AB8FF2DFBDAFF0D" box="[910,1053,190,214]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="15" seconds="13" value="-51.486946">51°29’13”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF146FF199D11FF2DFB64FF0D" box="[1063,1187,190,214]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2014-10-03">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F146FF199D11FF2DFB64FF0D" box="[1063,1187,190,214]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2014-10-03">3 Oct 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF146FF199D9BFF2DFAD3FF0E" box="[1197,1300,190,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D. Bastos</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF146FF199C04FF2DFA68FF0D" box="[1330,1455,190,214]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">R. Oliveira</collectorName>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F146FF1998DEFF70FABBFEFB" collectingDate="2014-10-03" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="D. Bastos &amp; R. Oliveira" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="rio Bacaja" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="LIA 1073, 8, 34.3" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F146FF1998DEFF70FD92FF20" box="[488,597,227,251]" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">LIA 1073</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F146FF199B54FF70FDB6FF20" box="[610,625,227,251]" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">8</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F146FF199B49FF70FD69FF20" box="[639,686,227,251]" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">34.3</specimenCode>
–43.0 mm SL, 2 c&amp;s, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF146FF199A93FF70FB8EFF20" box="[933,1097,227,251]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.875" metricValueMax="4.16" metricValueMin="3.59" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="38.75" valueMax="41.6" valueMin="35.9">35.9–41.6 mm</quantity>
SL, Anapu, igarapé tributary of the 
<location id="8E9C6050F146FF199B20FE9BFD4BFEFB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F146FF199B20FE9BFD4BFEFB" box="[534,652,264,288]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" name="rio Bacaja" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">rio Bacajá</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF146FF199BADFE9AFCDFFEFA" box="[667,792,265,289]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="15" seconds="18" value="-3.6716669">03°40’18”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF146FF199A12FE9BFC73FEFB" box="[804,948,264,288]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="15" seconds="13" value="-51.486946">51°29’13”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF146FF199AF5FE9AFB8BFEFA" box="[963,1100,265,289]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2014-10-03">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F146FF199AF5FE9AFB8BFEFA" box="[963,1100,265,289]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2014-10-03">3 Oct 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF146FF199D6AFE9AFB0DFEFB" box="[1116,1226,265,288]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D. Bastos</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF146FF199DC2FE9AFABFFEFB" box="[1268,1400,264,288]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">R. Oliveira</collectorName>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F146FF199CB1FE9AFB6AFEB0" collectingDate="2014-07-26" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="D. Bastos &amp; A. Martins." country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="rio Xingu" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="Vitoria do Xingu" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="LIA 1996, 29" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F146FF199CB1FE9AFDE6FE9D" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">LIA 1996</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F146FF199B06FEBDFD89FE9D" box="[560,590,302,326]" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">29</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF146FF199B68FEBDFCC3FE9E" box="[606,772,302,326]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.745" metricValueMax="4.4799999999999995" metricValueMin="3.01" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="37.45" valueMax="44.8" valueMin="30.1">30.1–44.8 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B98ACF1F146FF199A09FEBDFBCAFE9D" box="[831,1037,302,326]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Vitória do Xingu</collectingMunicipality>
, igarapé tributary of the 
<location id="8E9C6050F146FF199C0EFEBDFA68FE9D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F146FF199C0EFEBDFA68FE9D" box="[1336,1455,302,326]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="Vitoria do Xingu" name="rio Xingu" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">rio Xingu</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF146FF1998DEFEC0FDA2FEB0" box="[488,613,339,363]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-3.2658334">03°15’57”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF146FF199B58FEC0FD3AFEB0" box="[622,765,339,363]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="15" seconds="50" value="-51.730556">51°43’50”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF146FF199A3DFEC0FC48FEB0" box="[779,911,339,363]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2014-07-26">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F146FF199A3DFEC0FC48FEB0" box="[779,911,339,363]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2014-07-26">26 Jul 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF146FF199AAAFEC7FBC0FEB0" box="[924,1031,340,363]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D. Bastos</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF146FF199D1BFEC0FB6AFEB0" box="[1069,1197,339,363]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. Martins.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F146FF199D83FEC0FD0CFE6D" collectingDate="2014-07-20" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="D. Bastos &amp; A. Martins." country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="rio Xingu" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="Anapu" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="LIA 2257" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F146FF199D83FEC0FAE4FEB0" box="[1205,1315,339,363]" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">LIA 2257</specimenCode>
, 1, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF146FF199C7BFEC0FA74FEB0" box="[1357,1459,339,363]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.37" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="43.7">43.7 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B98ACF1F146FF199B24FEEAFD98FE4A" box="[530,607,377,401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Anapu</collectingMunicipality>
, igarapé tributary of the 
<location id="8E9C6050F146FF199A47FEEBFC24FE4B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F146FF199A47FEEBFC24FE4B" box="[881,995,376,400]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="Anapu" name="rio Xingu" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">rio Xingu</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF146FF199AD8FEEBFBACFE4B" box="[1006,1131,376,400]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="15" seconds="12" value="-3.0866666">03°05’12”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF146FF199D47FEEBFAC6FE4B" box="[1137,1281,376,400]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="15" seconds="04" value="-51.634445">51°38’04”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF146FF199C3AFEEAFA4BFE4A" box="[1292,1420,376,401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2014-07-20">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F146FF199C3AFEEAFA4BFE4A" box="[1292,1420,376,401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2014-07-20">20 Jul 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF146FF199CA0FEEAFDEAFE6E" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D. Bastos</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF146FF199B78FE0DFD0CFE6D" box="[590,715,414,438]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. Martins.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F146FF199BE7FE0DFBB4FE00" collectingDate="2015-10-01" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="R. Oliveira" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="rio Xingu" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="Anapu" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="LIA 3393" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F146FF199BE7FE0DFCFBFE6D" box="[721,828,414,438]" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">LIA 3393</specimenCode>
, 2, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF146FF199A54FE0DFBC4FE6E" box="[866,1027,414,438]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.415" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="3.75" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="44.15" valueMax="50.8" valueMin="37.5">37.5–50.8 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B98ACF1F146FF199D02FE0DFB46FE6D" box="[1076,1153,414,438]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Anapu</collectingMunicipality>
, igarapé tributary of the 
<location id="8E9C6050F146FF199CA5FE0DFDF3FE00" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F146FF199CA5FE0DFDF3FE00" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="Anapu" name="rio Xingu" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">rio Xingu</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF146FF199B09FE50FD7BFE00" box="[575,700,451,475]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="15" seconds="12" value="-3.0866666">03°05’12”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF146FF199BF3FE50FC93FE00" box="[709,852,451,475]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="15" seconds="04" value="-51.634445">51°38’04”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF146FF199A57FE50FC24FE00" box="[865,995,451,475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2015-10-01">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F146FF199A57FE50FC24FE00" box="[865,995,451,475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2015-10-01">1 Oct 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF146FF199AD9FE57FBA8FE00" box="[1007,1135,451,475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">R. Oliveira</collectorName>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F146FF199D4CFE50FDAAFDFD" collectingDate="2015-01-10" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="R. Oliveira" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="Anapu" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="Anapu" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="LIA 5416" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F146FF199D4CFE50FB20FE00" box="[1146,1255,451,475]" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">LIA 5416</specimenCode>
, 4, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF146FF199C26FE50FA74FE00" box="[1296,1459,451,475]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3149999999999995" metricValueMax="4.64" metricValueMin="3.9899999999999998" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="43.15" valueMax="46.4" valueMin="39.9">39.9–46.4 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B98ACF1F146FF199B23FE7AFDA5FDDA" box="[533,610,489,513]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Anapu</collectingMunicipality>
, igarapé tributary of the rio Xingu, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF146FF199D34FE7BFBB8FDDB" box="[1026,1151,488,512]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="15" seconds="12" value="-3.0866666">03°05’12”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF146FF199DBEFE7BFADFFDDB" box="[1160,1304,488,512]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="15" seconds="04" value="-51.634445">51°38’04”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF146FF199C13FE7AFA68FDDB" box="[1317,1455,488,513]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2015-01-10">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F146FF199C13FE7AFA68FDDB" box="[1317,1455,488,513]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2015-01-10">10 Jan 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF146FF1998DFFD9DFDAEFDFD" box="[489,617,526,550]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">R. Oliveira</collectorName>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F146FF199B45FD9DFB23FD90" collectingDate="2016-08-26" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="T. Bernardi &amp; J. Arcanjo." country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="Anapu" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="Anapu" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="LIA 6511" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F146FF199B45FD9DFD27FDFD" box="[627,736,526,550]" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">LIA 6511</specimenCode>
, 3, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF146FF199A31FD9DFC6EFDFE" box="[775,937,526,550]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9099999999999993" metricValueMax="4.13" metricValueMin="3.69" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="39.099999999999994" valueMax="41.3" valueMin="36.9">36.9–41.3 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B98ACF1F146FF199AEDFD9DFBEFFDFD" box="[987,1064,526,550]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Anapu</collectingMunicipality>
, igarapé tributary of the rio Xingu, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF146FF1998DEFDA0FDA3FD90" box="[488,612,563,587]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="15" seconds="12" value="-3.0866666">03°05’12”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF146FF199B5BFDA0FD3AFD90" box="[621,765,563,587]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="15" seconds="04" value="-51.634445">51°38’04”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF146FF199A3CFDA0FC67FD90" box="[778,928,563,587]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2016-08-26">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F146FF199A3CFDA0FC67FD90" box="[778,928,563,587]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2016-08-26">26 Aug 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF146FF199A9AFDA7FBF6FD90" box="[940,1073,563,587]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">T. Bernardi</collectorName>
and 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF146FF199D5DFDA7FB23FD90" box="[1131,1252,563,587]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">J. Arcanjo.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F146FF199DDAFDA0FD93FD4D" collectingDate="2021-08-07" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="A. Ribeiro &amp; P. Rocha." country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="igarape Mosquito" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="Anapu" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="LIA 8170" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F146FF199DDAFDA0FA9EFD90" box="[1260,1369,563,587]" collectionCode="LIA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">LIA 8170</specimenCode>
, 1, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF146FF199CB5FDA0FDD1FDAB" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="38.1">38.1 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B98ACF1F146FF199B7FFDCAFD51FDAA" box="[585,662,601,625]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Anapu</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8E9C6050F146FF199B97FDCBFCAFFDAB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F146FF199B97FDCBFCAFFDAB" box="[673,872,600,624]" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="Anapu" name="igarape Mosquito" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">igarapé Mosquito</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF146FF199A45FDCAFC36FDAA" box="[883,1009,601,625]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="15" seconds="11" value="-3.686389">03°41’11”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF146FF199ACEFDCBFB40FDAB" box="[1016,1159,600,624]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="15" seconds="28" value="-51.474445">51°28’28”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF146FF199DA5FDCAFADEFDAA" box="[1171,1305,601,625]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2021-08-07">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F146FF199DA5FDCAFADEFDAA" box="[1171,1305,601,625]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2021-08-07">7 Aug 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF146FF199C12FDCAFA5EFDAB" box="[1316,1433,600,625]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. Ribeiro</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF146FF1998DEFDEDFD93FD4D" box="[488,596,638,662]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. Rocha.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F146FF199B6CFDEDFAD0FD4D" box="[602,1303,638,662]" collectingDate="2013-10-16" collectingDateMax="2021-08-07" collectingDateMin="2013-10-16" collectionCode="R, T" collectorName="A. Goncalves &amp; D. Bastos" country="Brazil" county="rio Xingu" latitude="-3.686389" location="All" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-51.474445" municipality="rio Xingu" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="NUP 24841" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F146FF199B6CFDEDFD22FD4D" box="[602,741,638,662]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">NUP 24841</specimenCode>
, 2, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF146FF199A3AFDEDFC69FD4E" box="[780,942,638,662]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.695" metricValueMax="4.46" metricValueMin="2.93" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="36.95" valueMax="44.6" valueMin="29.3">29.3–44.6 mm</quantity>
SL, collected with the holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3C6603F146FF1998DEF895FD28F89B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164204" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11164204" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164204/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[488,561,1798,1818]" targetBox="[488,1459,757,1776]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF146FF1998DEF895FD28F89B" blockId="4.[488,1459,1798,1856]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F146FF1998DEF895FCD3F8C0" bold="true" box="[488,788,1798,1819]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
FIGURE 1 | 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F146FF199B6FF894FCD3F8C0" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[601,788,1799,1819]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F146FF199B6FF894FCD3F8C0" bold="true" box="[601,788,1799,1819]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, holotype, MNRJ 54621, 49.3 mm SL, Senador José Porfírio, Pará, Brazil, rio Bacajaí, rio Xingu basin.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3C6603F147FF1898DEFC42FC69FBEB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164208" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11164208" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164208/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[488,561,977,997]" targetBox="[492,1441,196,947]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF147FF1898DEFC42FC69FBEB" blockId="5.[487,1459,977,1072]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF1898DEFC42FD94FC3E" bold="true" box="[488,595,977,997]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURE 2 |</emphasis>
Two preserved specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189A53FC42FBD8FC3E" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[869,1055,977,997]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189A53FC42FBD8FC3E" bold="true" box="[869,1055,977,997]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, showing general color and morphological patterns in lateral view of (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189BDCFC64FD3DFBD1" bold="true" box="[746,762,1015,1034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A</emphasis>
) a paratype (LIA 8170, 38.1 mm SL), and (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189D4BFC64FB4CFBD1" bold="true" box="[1149,1163,1015,1034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">B</emphasis>
) a non-type specimen from the rio Tapajós basin (CPUFMT 8149, 1, 49.9 mm SL).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF147FF189B30FB1AFC71FACB" blockId="5.[488,1459,1160,1297]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189B30FB1AFCCDFB7B" bold="true" box="[518,778,1160,1185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Non-type specimens.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B3CD6F147FF189A23FB1BFC76FACB" collectingDate="2023-07-03" collectingDateMax="2023-07-11" collectingDateMin="2023-07-03" collectionCode="CPUMT, CPUFMT" collectorName="M. A. Pinheiro &amp; W. M. Ohara &amp; L. F. C. Tencatt." country="Brazil" latitude="-6.2" location="rio Pacu" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-57.75" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="CPUMT 8148, 13, CPUFMT 8149, 1" specimenCount="1">
All from 
<collectingCountry id="F354761BF147FF189AB5FB1BFC00FB7B" box="[899,967,1160,1184]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, Pará, Jacareacanga, 
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189D8DFB1AFB17FB7B" box="[1211,1232,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ca</emphasis>
. 
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF147FF189DD4FB1BFAFEFB7B" box="[1250,1337,1160,1184]" degrees="06" direction="south" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="-6.2">06°12’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE77504CF147FF189C72FB1BFA68FB7B" box="[1348,1455,1160,1184]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="-57.75">57°45’W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFD104BF147FF1898DEFB3DFD4EFB1D" box="[488,649,1198,1222]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2023-07-03" valueMax="2023-07-11" valueMin="2023-07-03">
<collectingDate id="EFB9E9A3F147FF1898DEFB3DFD4EFB1D" box="[488,649,1198,1222]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2023-07-03" valueMax="2023-07-11" valueMin="2023-07-03">3–11 Jul 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
. 
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F147FF189BA2FB3DFCFAFB1D" box="[660,829,1198,1222]" collectionCode="CPUMT" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">CPUMT 8148</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F147FF189A7FFB3DFCA3FB1D" box="[841,868,1198,1222]" collectionCode="CPUMT" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">13</specimenCode>
of 14, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF147FF189A81FB3DFB9DFB1E" box="[951,1114,1198,1222]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.51" metricValueMin="1.9899999999999998" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="45.1" valueMin="19.9">19.9–45.1 mm</quantity>
SL, 1 c&amp;s of 14, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF147FF189C17FB3DFA41FB1E" box="[1313,1414,1198,1222]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.41" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="44.1">44.1 mm</quantity>
SL, igarapé Limãozinho, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF147FF189BE5FB47FCBBFB30" box="[723,892,1235,1259]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">M. A. Pinheiro</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF147FF189AB0FB47FBDBFB30" box="[902,1052,1235,1259]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">W. M. Ohara</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B6535DF147FF189D0AFB47FB32FB30" box="[1084,1269,1235,1259]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">L. F. C. Tencatt.</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F147FF189DCCFB40FA69FB30" box="[1274,1454,1235,1259]" collectionCode="CPUFMT" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">CPUFMT 8149</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBE59EF0F147FF1898DEFB6AFE31FACA" box="[488,502,1273,1297]" collectionCode="CPUFMT" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF147FF189B35FB6AFDA0FACB" box="[515,615,1273,1297]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.99" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="49.9">49.9 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<location id="8E9C6050F147FF189BACFB6BFD3DFACB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA879DF141FF0B9A33FC3BFC7AFD3B:8E9C6050F147FF189BACFB6BFD3DFACB" box="[666,762,1272,1296]" country="Brazil" latitude="-6.2" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-57.75" name="rio Pacu" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">rio Pacu</location>
, local fishermen
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3596500F147FF1B9B30FAD0FC0BFC8A" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF147FF1B9B30FAD0FC0BFC8A" blockId="5.[488,1460,1347,1931]" lastBlockId="6.[486,1461,190,849]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189B30FAD0FD41FA80" bold="true" box="[518,646,1347,1371]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189BB9FAD0FCA2FA80" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[655,869,1347,1371]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189BB9FAD0FCA2FA80" box="[655,869,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from its congeners, except for the species within the lineage 1 
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189A6FFAFAFC57FA5B" box="[857,912,1385,1408]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B7AF147FF189AA1FAFBFB6EFA5A" author="Alexandrou MA &amp; Oliveira C &amp; Maillard M &amp; McGill RAR &amp; Newton J &amp; Creer S &amp; Taylor MI" box="[919,1193,1384,1409]" journalOrPublisher="Nature." pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="84 - 89" part="469" refId="ref11651" refString="• Alexandrou MA, Oliveira C, Maillard M, McGill RAR, Newton J, Creer S, Taylor MI. Competition and phylogeny determine community structure in Mullerian comimics. Nature. 2011; 469 (7328): 84 - 89. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / nature 09660" title="Competition and phylogeny determine community structure in Mullerian comimics" type="journal article" year="2011">
Alexandrou 
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189D12FAFAFB9FFA5B" box="[1060,1112,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
(2011)
</bibRefCitation>
, by the presence of the following features: branch of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic, which gives rise to the supraorbital canal, with two pores (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189AF2FA27FC19FA10" box="[964,990,1460,1483]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">vs.</emphasis>
one pore); upper tooth plate of branchial arch with three or four series of teeth (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189A85FA4AFC0AFA2B" box="[947,973,1497,1520]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">vs.</emphasis>
two series); and area at the corner of the mouth, ventral to the maxillary barbel, with a small fleshy flap (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189D89FA6CFB1DF9CD" box="[1215,1242,1535,1558]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">vs.</emphasis>
fleshy flap absent); from the lineage 1 species, except for 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189A97F9B7FB27F9E0" authority="Nijssen, 1972" authorityName="Nijssen" authorityYear="1972" box="[929,1248,1571,1595]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amapaensis">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189A97F9B7FBFEF9E0" box="[929,1081,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. amapaensis</emphasis>
Nijssen, 1972
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189DD9F9B7FDE6F9BA" authority="Nijssen, 1971" authorityName="Nijssen" authorityYear="1971" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blochi">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189DD9F9B7FA89F9E0" box="[1263,1358,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. blochi</emphasis>
Nijssen, 1971
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189B1BF9DAFCE3F9BA" authority="Castro, 1987" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="1987" box="[557,804,1609,1633]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cortesi">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189B1BF9DAFD4BF9BB" box="[557,652,1609,1632]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. cortesi</emphasis>
Castro, 1987
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189A19F9DAFC53F9BB" authorityName="Lima &amp; Sazima" authorityYear="2017" box="[815,916,1608,1632]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="desana">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189A19F9DAFC53F9BB" box="[815,916,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. desana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B7AF147FF189AAAF9DBFB4AF9BA" author="Lima FCT &amp; Sazima I." box="[924,1165,1608,1633]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="19 - 32" refId="ref12917" refString="• Lima FCT, Sazima I. Corydoras desana, a new plated catfish from the upper rio Negro, Brazil, with comments on mimicry within Corydoradinae (Ostariophysi: Siluriformes: Callichthyidae). Aqua. 2017; 23 (1): 19 - 32." type="journal article" year="2017">
<collectingRegion id="4987F869F147FF189AAAF9DBFC11F9BB" box="[924,982,1608,1632]" country="Peru" name="Lima" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lima</collectingRegion>
&amp; Sazima, 2017
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189DAFF9DAFDD8F95D" authority="Weitzman, 1963" authorityName="Weitzman" authorityYear="1963" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pastazensis">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189DAFF9DAFAE9F9BB" box="[1177,1326,1609,1632]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. pastazensis</emphasis>
Weitzman, 1963
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189B1AF9FDFCB8F95D" authority="Nijssen, 1970" authorityName="Nijssen" authorityYear="1970" box="[556,895,1646,1670]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saramaccensis">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189B1AF9FDFD1EF95D" box="[556,729,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. saramaccensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B7AF147FF189BD2F9FDFCB8F95D" author="Nijssen H." box="[740,895,1646,1670]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref13165" refString="• Nijssen H. Revision of the Surinam catfishes of the genus Corydoras Lacepede, 1803 (Pisces, Siluriformes, Callichthyidae). Beaufortia. 1970; 18: 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1970">Nijssen, 1970</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189ABAF9FDFB2EF95D" authority="Gosline, 1940" authorityName="Gosline" authorityYear="1940" box="[908,1257,1646,1670]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189ABAF9FDFB86F95D" box="[908,1089,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. septentrionalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B7AF147FF189D7CF9FDFB2EF95D" author="Gosline WA" box="[1098,1257,1646,1670]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref12519" refString="• Gosline WA. A revision of the Neotropical catfishes of the family Callichthyidae. Stanford Ichthyol Bull. 1940; 2: 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="1940">Gosline, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189DC0F9FDFDE6F970" authority="Sands, 1995" authorityName="Sands" authorityYear="1995" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="serratus">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189DC0F9FDFAA2F95D" box="[1270,1381,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. serratus</emphasis>
Sands, 1995
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189B1AF907FC74F970" authority="Nijssen &amp; Isbrucker, 1983" authorityName="Nijssen &amp; Isbrucker" authorityYear="1983" box="[556,947,1683,1707]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solox">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189B1AF907FD43F970" box="[556,644,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. solox</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B7AF147FF189BBBF900FC74F970" author="Nijssen H &amp; Isbrucker IJH" box="[653,947,1683,1707]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="73 - 82" refId="ref13385" refString="• Nijssen H, Isbrucker IJH. Sept especes nouvelles de poissons-chats cuirasses du genre Corydoras Lacepede, 1803, de Guyane francaise, de Bolivie, d'Argentine, du Surinam et du Bresil (Pisces, Siluriformes, Callichthyidae). RFAH. 1983; 10 (3): 73 - 82." type="journal article" year="1983">Nijssen &amp; Isbrücker, 1983</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189AD9F907FA68F970" authority="Weitzman &amp; Nijssen, 1970" authorityName="Weitzman &amp; Nijssen" authorityYear="1970" box="[1007,1455,1683,1707]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simulatus">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189AD9F907FBB4F970" box="[1007,1139,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. simulatus</emphasis>
Weitzman &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B7AF147FF189C23F900FA68F970" author="Nijssen H." box="[1301,1455,1683,1707]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref13165" refString="• Nijssen H. Revision of the Surinam catfishes of the genus Corydoras Lacepede, 1803 (Pisces, Siluriformes, Callichthyidae). Beaufortia. 1970; 18: 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1970">Nijssen, 1970</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by having a dark brown or black patch transversally crossing the orbit, forming a mask-like blotch, which can be variably diffuse (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189AF9F94CFC2EF92D" box="[975,1001,1759,1782]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">vs.</emphasis>
mask-like blotch absent); it differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF1898DFF897FD8EF8C0" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="1987" box="[489,585,1796,1819]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cortesi">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF1898DFF897FD8EF8C0" box="[489,585,1796,1819]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. cortesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189B60F897FD7BF8C0" authorityName="Lima &amp; Sazima" authorityYear="2017" box="[598,700,1795,1819]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="desana">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189B60F897FD7BF8C0" box="[598,700,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. desana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189BFDF897FCA6F8C0" authorityName="Weitzman" authorityYear="1963" box="[715,865,1796,1819]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pastazensis">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189BFDF897FCA6F8C0" box="[715,865,1796,1819]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. pastazensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189A59F897FBE4F8C0" authorityName="Gosline" authorityYear="1940" box="[879,1059,1795,1819]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189A59F897FBE4F8C0" box="[879,1059,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. septentrionalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189D55F897FB2FF8C0" authorityName="Weitzman &amp; Nijssen" authorityYear="1970" box="[1123,1256,1795,1819]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simulatus">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189D55F897FB2FF8C0" box="[1123,1256,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. simulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of a distinct color pattern along midline of flank (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189D36F8BAFBDDF89B" box="[1024,1050,1833,1856]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">vs.</emphasis>
midline of flank with moderate- to large-sized, conspicuous dark brown or black blotches in 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189D48F8DDFB22F8BD" authorityName="Lima &amp; Sazima" authorityYear="2017" box="[1150,1253,1870,1894]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="desana">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189D48F8DDFB22F8BD" box="[1150,1253,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. desana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189DC5F8DDFA4DF8BD" authorityName="Weitzman" authorityYear="1963" box="[1267,1418,1870,1894]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pastazensis">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189DC5F8DDFA4DF8BD" box="[1267,1418,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. pastazensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189CACF8DDFDBAF850" authorityName="Gosline" authorityYear="1940" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189CACF8DDFDBAF850" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. septentrionalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF189B88F8E7FC82F850" authorityName="Weitzman &amp; Nijssen" authorityYear="1970" box="[702,837,1907,1931]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simulatus">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF189B88F8E7FC82F850" box="[702,837,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. simulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; with a longitudinal dark brown or black stripe in 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F147FF1B9CACF8E7FDE0FF0D" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="1987" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cortesi">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F147FF1B9CACF8E7FDE0FF0D" italics="true" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. cortesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); from 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F144FF1B9B41FF2DFCCCFF0D" authorityName="Nijssen" authorityYear="1972" box="[631,779,190,214]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amapaensis">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F144FF1B9B41FF2DFCCCFF0D" box="[631,779,190,214]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. amapaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F144FF1B9A2FFF2DFC41FF0D" authorityName="Sands" authorityYear="1995" box="[793,902,190,214]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="serratus">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F144FF1B9A2FFF2DFC41FF0D" box="[793,902,190,214]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. serratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F144FF1B9A8FFF2DFBC8FF0D" authorityName="Nijssen &amp; Isbrucker" authorityYear="1983" box="[953,1039,190,214]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solox">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F144FF1B9A8FFF2DFBC8FF0D" box="[953,1039,190,214]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. solox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it differs by having dorsolateral body plates only with small, irregular, rounded or vertically elongated dark brown or black blotches; ground color of plates typically dusky but not forming large, conspicuous black patches (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F144FF1B9BA5FEBCFD6AFE9D" box="[659,685,303,326]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">vs.</emphasis>
midventral portion of dorsolateral body plates on region between middle portion of dorsal fin and caudal-fin base typically with large, conspicuous dark brown or black longitudinally elongated blotch or stripe; dark stripe variably diffuse, in 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F144FF1B9B31FE0DFD5AFE6D" authorityName="Nijssen" authorityYear="1972" box="[519,669,414,438]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amapaensis">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F144FF1B9B31FE0DFD5AFE6D" box="[519,669,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. amapaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; wide, dark brown or black longitudinal stripe from predorsal region to caudal-fin base or, alternatively, dorsolateral body plates around anterior portion of dorsal-fin base with dark brown or black patch in 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F144FF1B9D12FE7AFB54FDDB" authorityName="Sands" authorityYear="1995" box="[1060,1171,489,512]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="serratus">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F144FF1B9D12FE7AFB54FDDB" box="[1060,1171,489,512]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. serratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; region between anterior portion of dorsal fin and caudal-fin base with wide, longitudinal dark brown or black stripe in 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F144FF1B9B66FDA7FD6CFD90" authorityName="Nijssen &amp; Isbrucker" authorityYear="1983" box="[592,683,563,587]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solox">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F144FF1B9B66FDA7FD6CFD90" box="[592,683,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. solox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); from 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F144FF1B9A31FDA7FCA0FD90" authorityName="Nijssen" authorityYear="1971" box="[775,871,563,587]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blochi">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F144FF1B9A31FDA7FCA0FD90" box="[775,871,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. blochi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F144FF1B9A93FDA7FB93FD90" authorityName="Nijssen" authorityYear="1970" box="[933,1108,564,587]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saramaccensis">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F144FF1B9A93FDA7FB93FD90" box="[933,1108,564,587]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. saramaccensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of a relatively large, conspicuous dark patch on anterior portion of dorsal fin (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F144FF1B9D8BFDCAFB10FDAB" box="[1213,1239,601,624]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">vs.</emphasis>
anterior portion of dorsal fin with a conspicuous concentration of dark brown or black chromatophores, forming a relatively large, conspicuous patch). Additionally, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F144FF1B9DB8FD30FAA4FD60" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[1166,1379,675,699]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F144FF1B9DB8FD30FAA4FD60" box="[1166,1379,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F144FF1B9BF3FD5AFC34FD3A" authority="Lacepede, 1803" authorityName="Lacepede" authorityYear="1803" box="[709,1011,712,737]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geoffroy">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F144FF1B9BF3FD5AFCFDFD3A" box="[709,826,713,737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. geoffroy</emphasis>
Lacépède, 1803
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F144FF1B9D36FD5AFB50FD3B" authorityName="Nijssen" authorityYear="1972" box="[1024,1175,713,736]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amapaensis">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F144FF1B9D36FD5AFB50FD3B" box="[1024,1175,713,736]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. amapaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F144FF1B9D93FD5AFA9EFD3B" authorityName="Gosline" authorityYear="1940" box="[1189,1369,712,736]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F144FF1B9D93FD5AFA9EFD3B" box="[1189,1369,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. septentrionalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F144FF1B9CAAFD5AFDD8FCDD" authorityName="Nijssen &amp; Isbrucker" authorityYear="1983" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solox">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F144FF1B9CAAFD5AFDD8FCDD" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. solox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a triangular fleshy flap at the corner of mouth, ventrally to maxillary barbel, not forming an elongated barbel-like structure (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F144FF1B9D7BFC87FBA0FCF0" box="[1101,1127,788,811]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">vs.</emphasis>
fleshy flap at corner of mouth elongated, forming a barbel-like structure).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3596500F144FF0C9B30FC10FB61F8C0" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF144FF1B9B30FC10FDB1FA80" blockId="6.[486,1461,899,1931]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F144FF1B9B30FC10FD5BFC40" bold="true" box="[518,668,899,923]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Description.</emphasis>
Morphometric data in 
<tableCitation id="C6C10330F144FF1B9A92FC10FC28FC40" box="[932,1007,899,923]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[488,550,193,213]" captionTargetBox="[495,1411,293,1137]" captionTargetId="graphics-25@7.[488,1459,362,960]" captionText="TABLE 1 | Morphometric data of the holotype and 17 paratypes of Corydoras caramater. SD = Standard deviation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3C6603F145FF1A98DEFF52FD8FFF20" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" tableUuid="DF3C6603F145FF1A98DEFF52FD8FFF20">Tab. 1</tableCitation>
. Head laterally compressed with acutely convex dorsal profile, roughly triangular in dorsal view. Snout well developed, conical; conspicuously pointed in some specimens. Head profile slightly concave from tip of snout to anterior nares; nearly straight in some specimens; ascending nearly straight or slightly convex from this point to dorsal-fin origin; region of frontal fontanel slightly concave in some specimens. Profile slightly convex along dorsal-fin base. Postdorsal-fin body profile slightly concave to adipose-fin spine, concave from this point to caudal-fin base. Ventral profile of body nearly straight from isthmus to pectoral girdle, and slightly convex from this point until pelvic girdle. Profile nearly straight or slightly convex from pelvic girdle to base of first anal-fin ray, ascending concave until caudal-fin base. Body roughly elliptical in cross section at pectoral girdle, gradually becoming more compressed toward caudal fin. Highest body depth at vertical through anterior origin of dorsal fin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF144FF1B9B30FAFAFDB3F850" blockId="6.[486,1461,899,1931]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Eye rounded, located dorsolaterally on head. Orbit delimited anteriorly by lateral ethmoid, anterodorsally by frontal, posterodorsally by sphenotic, posteroventrally by infraorbital 2, and anteroventrally by infraorbital 1 (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF144FF1B9D1CFA20FBB1FA10" box="[1066,1142,1459,1483]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[690,1459,1179,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[659,1459,1179,1888]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Head osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing general morphology in lateral view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, n: nasal, op: opercle, pes: pteroticextrascapular, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164212/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF144FF1B9DB4FA20FB60FA10" box="[1154,1191,1459,1483]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[488,561,902,922]" captionTargetBox="[623,1337,184,866]" captionTargetId="figure-29@8.[609,1337,171,882]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4 | Details on cranium osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL), showing general morphology of (A) lateral ethmoid in lateral view, and of (B) mesethmoid in dorsal view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, le: lateral ethmoid, n: nasal, pes: pterotic-extrascapular, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164214" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164214/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4A</figureCitation>
). Anterior and posterior nares close to each other, only separated by flap of skin. Anterior naris tubular. Posterior naris close to anterodorsal margin of orbit, separated from it by distance similar to naris diameter. Mouth small, subterminal, width similar to bony orbit diameter. Maxillary barbel typically well developed, slightly surpassing anteroventral limit of gill opening; ranging from poorly developed, distant from anteroventral limit of gill opening, to moderately developed, nearly reaching anteroventral limit of gill opening in some specimens; base of barbel with fleshy flap on its dorsolateral portion (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF144FF1B9C26F92BFA91F90B" box="[1296,1366,1720,1744]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[488,561,1761,1781]" captionTargetBox="[603,1352,1144,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-30@8.[584,1363,1129,1734]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Tip of snout in a paratype of Corydoras caramater (CITL 929, 45.3 mm SL), showing the area at corner of mouth in lateral view. Red arrow indicates the roughly triangular fleshy flap located between maxillary barbel and anteroventral portion of snout tip; yellow arrow indicates fleshy flap on dorsolateral portion of maxillary barbel base. Area where the illustrated structures are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164218/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Outer mental barbel with similar size or slightly longer than maxillary barbel. Inner mental barbel fleshy, base of each counterpart slightly separated from each other. Area at mouth corner, ventral to maxillary barbel, with small, roughly triangular fleshy flap (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF144FF1B9C69F8BBFA63F89B" box="[1375,1444,1832,1856]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[488,561,1761,1781]" captionTargetBox="[603,1352,1144,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-30@8.[584,1363,1129,1734]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Tip of snout in a paratype of Corydoras caramater (CITL 929, 45.3 mm SL), showing the area at corner of mouth in lateral view. Red arrow indicates the roughly triangular fleshy flap located between maxillary barbel and anteroventral portion of snout tip; yellow arrow indicates fleshy flap on dorsolateral portion of maxillary barbel base. Area where the illustrated structures are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164218/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Small rounded papillae covering entire surface of all barbels, upper and lower lips, snout and isthmus.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3C6603F145FF1A98DEFF52FD8FFF20" ID-Table-UUID="DF3C6603F145FF1A98DEFF52FD8FFF20" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3C6603F145FF1A98DEFF52FD8FFF20" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[488,550,193,213]" targetBox="[495,1411,293,1137]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF145FF1A98DEFF52FD8FFF20" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F145FF1A98DEFF52FD8CFF0E" bold="true" box="[488,587,193,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">TABLE 1 |</emphasis>
Morphometric data of the holotype and 17 paratypes of 
<emphasis id="B937EA99F145FF1A9D53FF52FAD8FF0E" bold="true" box="[1125,1311,193,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
. SD = Standard deviation.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF145FF1A9A8FFEB5FABCFBAA" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<table id="F943C42BF14500E298D9FEB6FA44FBAA" box="[495,1411,293,1137]" gridcols="4" gridrows="22" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FEB6FA44FEEC" box="[495,1411,293,311]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFEB6FBC8FEEC" box="[953,1039,293,311]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F145FF1A9A8FFEB5FBC8FEED" bold="true" box="[953,1039,294,310]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Holotype</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FEB6FB0BFEEC" box="[1134,1228,293,311]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F145FF1A9D58FEB6FB0BFEEC" bold="true" box="[1134,1228,293,311]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Low–High</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFEB6FA44FEEC" box="[1322,1411,293,311]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F145FF1A9C1CFEB6FA44FEEC" bold="true" box="[1322,1411,293,311]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Mean±SD</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FEC0FA44FEBE" box="[495,1411,339,357]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FEC0FD26FEBE" box="[495,737,339,357]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Standard length (mm)</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFEC0FBC8FEBE" box="[953,1039,339,357]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">49.3</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FEC0FB0BFEBE" box="[1134,1228,339,357]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">29.3–49.3</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFEC0FA44FEBE" box="[1322,1411,339,357]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">39.5±4.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FEEBFA44FE51" box="[495,1411,376,394]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FEEBFA44FE51" box="[495,1411,376,394]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F145FF1A98D9FEEAFCCCFE52" bold="true" box="[495,779,376,394]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Percentage of standard length</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FE0EFA44FE74" box="[495,1411,413,431]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FE0EFD26FE74" box="[495,737,413,431]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Depth of body</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFE0EFBC8FE74" box="[953,1039,413,431]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">38.7</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FE0EFB0BFE74" box="[1134,1228,413,431]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">35.2–38.7</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFE0EFA44FE74" box="[1322,1411,413,431]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">36.9±1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FE50FA44FE0E" box="[495,1411,451,469]" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FE50FD26FE0E" box="[495,737,451,469]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Predorsal distance</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFE50FBC8FE0E" box="[953,1039,451,469]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">52.3</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FE50FB0BFE0E" box="[1134,1228,451,469]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">49.4–53.8</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFE50FA44FE0E" box="[1322,1411,451,469]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">51.9±1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FE7BFA44FE21" box="[495,1411,488,506]" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FE7BFD26FE21" box="[495,737,488,506]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Prepelvic distance</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFE7BFBC8FE21" box="[953,1039,488,506]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">49.1</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FE7BFB0BFE21" box="[1134,1228,488,506]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">48.2–51.8</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFE7BFA44FE21" box="[1322,1411,488,506]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">50.0±0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FD9EFA44FDC4" box="[495,1411,525,543]" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FD9EFD26FDC4" box="[495,737,525,543]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Preanal distance</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFD9EFBC8FDC4" box="[953,1039,525,543]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">81.9</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FD9EFB0BFDC4" box="[1134,1228,525,543]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">78.0–82.6</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFD9EFA44FDC4" box="[1322,1411,525,543]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">80.4±1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FDA0FA44FD9E" box="[495,1411,563,581]" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FDA0FD26FD9E" box="[495,737,563,581]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Preadipose distance</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFDA0FBC8FD9E" box="[953,1039,563,581]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">85.4</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FDA0FB0BFD9E" box="[1134,1228,563,581]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">79.5–86.2</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFDA0FA44FD9E" box="[1322,1411,563,581]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">83.8±1.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FDCBFA44FDB1" box="[495,1411,600,618]" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FDCBFD26FDB1" box="[495,737,600,618]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Length of dorsal spine</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFDCBFBC8FDB1" box="[953,1039,600,618]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">22.1</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FDCBFB0BFDB1" box="[1134,1228,600,618]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">19.8–23.6</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFDCBFA44FDB1" box="[1322,1411,600,618]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">21.4±1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FDEEFA44FD54" box="[495,1411,637,655]" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FDEEFD26FD54" box="[495,737,637,655]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Length of pectoral spine</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFDEEFBC8FD54" box="[953,1039,637,655]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">23.1</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FDEEFB0BFD54" box="[1134,1228,637,655]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">15.7–23.9</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFDEEFA44FD54" box="[1322,1411,637,655]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">22.0±1.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FD30FA44FD6E" box="[495,1411,675,693]" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FD30FD26FD6E" box="[495,737,675,693]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Length of adipose-fin spine</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFD30FBC8FD6E" box="[953,1039,675,693]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">9.1</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FD30FB0BFD6E" box="[1134,1228,675,693]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">8.2–10.2</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFD30FA44FD6E" box="[1322,1411,675,693]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">9.2±0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FD5BFA44FD01" box="[495,1411,712,730]" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FD5BFD26FD01" box="[495,737,712,730]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Depth of caudal peduncle</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFD5BFBC8FD01" box="[953,1039,712,730]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">15.2</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FD5BFB0BFD01" box="[1134,1228,712,730]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">13.9–16.5</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFD5BFA44FD01" box="[1322,1411,712,730]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">15.3±0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FD7EFA44FD24" box="[495,1411,749,767]" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FD7EFD26FD24" box="[495,737,749,767]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Length of dorsal-fin base</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFD7EFBC8FD24" box="[953,1039,749,767]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">19.3</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FD7EFB0BFD24" box="[1134,1228,749,767]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">16.3–19.3</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFD7EFA44FD24" box="[1322,1411,749,767]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">17.9±0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FC80FA44FCFE" box="[495,1411,787,805]" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FC80FD26FCFE" box="[495,737,787,805]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Dorsal to adipose distance</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFC80FBC8FCFE" box="[953,1039,787,805]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">19.1</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FC80FB0BFCFE" box="[1134,1228,787,805]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">15.7–20.3</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFC80FA44FCFE" box="[1322,1411,787,805]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">18.0±1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FCABFA44FC91" box="[495,1411,824,842]" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FCABFD26FC91" box="[495,737,824,842]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Maximum cleithral width</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFCABFBC8FC91" box="[953,1039,824,842]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">26.2</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FCABFB0BFC91" box="[1134,1228,824,842]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">23.5–26.2</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFCABFA44FC91" box="[1322,1411,824,842]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">25.0±0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FCCEFA44FCB4" box="[495,1411,861,879]" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FCCEFD26FCB4" box="[495,737,861,879]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Head length</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFCCEFBC8FCB4" box="[953,1039,861,879]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">44.6</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FCCEFB0BFCB4" box="[1134,1228,861,879]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">42.4–47.3</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFCCEFA44FCB4" box="[1322,1411,861,879]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">45.2±1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FC10FA44FC4E" box="[495,1411,899,917]" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FC10FD26FC4E" box="[495,737,899,917]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Length of maxillary barbel</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFC10FBC8FC4E" box="[953,1039,899,917]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">15.6</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FC10FB0BFC4E" box="[1134,1228,899,917]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">11.6–20.1</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFC10FA44FC4E" box="[1322,1411,899,917]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">17.8±2.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FC3BFA44FC61" box="[495,1411,936,954]" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FC3BFA44FC61" box="[495,1411,936,954]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F145FF1A98D9FC3AFD23FC62" bold="true" box="[495,740,936,954]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Percentage of head length</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FC5EFA44FC04" box="[495,1411,973,991]" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FC5EFD26FC04" box="[495,737,973,991]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Head depth</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFC5EFBC8FC04" box="[953,1039,973,991]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">80.5</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FC5EFB0BFC04" box="[1134,1228,973,991]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">73.7–80.5</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFC5EFA44FC04" box="[1322,1411,973,991]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">76.0±1.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FC60FA44FBDE" box="[495,1411,1011,1029]" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FC60FD26FBDE" box="[495,737,1011,1029]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Least interorbital distance</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFC60FBC8FBDE" box="[953,1039,1011,1029]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">25.0</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FC60FB0BFBDE" box="[1134,1228,1011,1029]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">21.9–25.1</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFC60FA44FBDE" box="[1322,1411,1011,1029]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">23.4±0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FB8BFA44FBF1" box="[495,1411,1048,1066]" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FB8BFD26FBF1" box="[495,737,1048,1066]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Horizontal orbit diameter</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFB8BFBC8FBF1" box="[953,1039,1048,1066]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">19.1</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FB8BFB0BFBF1" box="[1134,1228,1048,1066]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">19.1–24.1</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFB8BFA44FBF1" box="[1322,1411,1048,1066]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">21.1±1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357334C9F14500E298D9FBAEFA44FBAA" box="[495,1411,1085,1137]" gridrow="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="76A25DB5F14500E298D9FBAEFD26FBAA" box="[495,737,1085,1137]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Snout length Least internarial distance</th>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29A8FFBAEFBC8FBAA" box="[953,1039,1085,1137]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">46.8 13.2</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29D58FBAEFB0BFBAA" box="[1134,1228,1085,1137]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">44.2–49.2 10.5–13.6</td>
<td id="76A25DB5F14500E29C1CFBAEFA44FBAA" box="[1322,1411,1085,1137]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">46.7±1.5 11.9±0.9</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3C6603F145FF1A99BEFA4FFF34F8BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164212" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11164212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164212/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[136,209,1500,1520]" targetBox="[690,1459,1179,1875]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF145FF1A99BEFA4FFF34F8BE" blockId="7.[135,616,1500,1893]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F145FF1A99BEFA4FFEC6FA2B" bold="true" box="[136,257,1500,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURE 3 |</emphasis>
Head osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F145FF1A99CFF992FE73F9CE" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[249,436,1537,1557]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F145FF1A99CFF992FE73F9CE" bold="true" box="[249,436,1537,1557]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing general morphology in lateral view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, n: nasal, op: opercle, pes: pteroticextrascapular, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3C6603F14AFF1598DEFC15FBC6FB8E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164214" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11164214" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164214/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[488,561,902,922]" targetBox="[623,1337,184,866]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF14AFF1598DEFC15FBC6FB8E" blockId="8.[487,1461,902,1109]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F14AFF1598DEFC15FD93FC41" bold="true" box="[488,596,902,922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 4 |</emphasis>
Details on cranium osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F14AFF159DACFC14FA92FC40" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[1178,1365,903,923]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F14AFF159DACFC14FA92FC40" bold="true" box="[1178,1365,903,923]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL), showing general morphology of (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F14AFF159AADFC3FFC6CFC64" bold="true" box="[923,939,940,959]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
) lateral ethmoid in lateral view, and of (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F14AFF159C13FC3FFAF4FC64" bold="true" box="[1317,1331,940,959]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">B</emphasis>
) mesethmoid in dorsal view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, le: lateral ethmoid, n: nasal, pes: pterotic-extrascapular, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3C6603F14AFF1598DEF972FB35F850" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164218" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11164218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164218/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[488,561,1761,1781]" targetBox="[603,1352,1144,1734]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF14AFF1598DEF972FB35F850" blockId="8.[488,1460,1761,1931]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F14AFF1598DEF972FD9CF92E" bold="true" box="[488,603,1761,1781]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 5 |</emphasis>
Tip of snout in a paratype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F14AFF159ABFF972FB80F92E" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[905,1095,1761,1781]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F14AFF159ABFF972FB80F92E" bold="true" box="[905,1095,1761,1781]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(CITL 929, 45.3 mm SL), showing the area at corner of mouth in lateral view. Red arrow indicates the roughly triangular fleshy flap located between maxillary barbel and anteroventral portion of snout tip; yellow arrow indicates fleshy flap on dorsolateral portion of maxillary barbel base. Area where the illustrated structures are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF14BFF179B30FF2DFC17FEB0" blockId="9.[486,1461,190,1035]" lastBlockId="10.[487,1461,190,774]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Mesethmoid long; anterior tip well developed, larger than 50% of bone length; posterior portion relatively narrow, entirely covered by thick layer of skin; posterior portion slightly narrower in specimen 
<collectionCode id="ED52AE4EF14BFF149A81FE9AFBD9FEFA" box="[951,1054,265,289]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">CPUMT</collectionCode>
8148, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF14BFF149D43FE9AFB18FEFB" box="[1141,1247,265,289]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.41" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="44.1">44.1 mm</quantity>
SL (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF14BFF149C29FE9BFA43FEFA" box="[1311,1412,264,289]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[488,561,902,922]" captionTargetBox="[623,1337,184,866]" captionTargetId="figure-29@8.[609,1337,171,882]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4 | Details on cranium osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL), showing general morphology of (A) lateral ethmoid in lateral view, and of (B) mesethmoid in dorsal view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, le: lateral ethmoid, n: nasal, pes: pterotic-extrascapular, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164214" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164214/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 4B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF14BFF149CA0FE9BFA61FEFB" box="[1430,1446,264,288]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[535,1459,1090,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-269@9.[488,1459,1067,1774]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6 | Top of head and predorsal region of trunk of a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL) in dorsal view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, n: nasal, np: nuchal plate, pes: pterotic-extrascapular, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164220/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">6</figureCitation>
). Nasal capsule typically delimited anterodorsally by mesethmoid, posterodorsally by frontal, and ventrally by lateral ethmoid; nasal capsule delimited dorsally by frontal and ventrally by lateral ethmoid in specimen 
<collectionCode id="ED52AE4EF14BFF149D3BFEEAFBB3FE4A" box="[1037,1140,377,401]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">CPUMT</collectionCode>
8148, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF14BFF149DFAFEEAFAF1FE4B" box="[1228,1334,377,401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.41" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="44.1">44.1 mm</quantity>
SL. Nasal slender, laterally curved, inner margin with poorly- to moderately-developed laminar expansion, typically contacting only frontal; outer margin with poorly-developed laminar expansion, not contacting lateral ethmoid; strongly reduced laminar expansion in some specimens (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF14BFF149BFAFD9DFCDDFDFD" box="[716,794,526,550]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[690,1459,1179,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[659,1459,1179,1888]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Head osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing general morphology in lateral view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, n: nasal, op: opercle, pes: pteroticextrascapular, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164212/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF14BFF149A1EFD9DFCFFFDFD" box="[808,824,526,550]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[488,561,902,922]" captionTargetBox="[623,1337,184,866]" captionTargetId="figure-29@8.[609,1337,171,882]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4 | Details on cranium osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL), showing general morphology of (A) lateral ethmoid in lateral view, and of (B) mesethmoid in dorsal view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, le: lateral ethmoid, n: nasal, pes: pterotic-extrascapular, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164214" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164214/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">4</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF14BFF149A73FD9DFC92FDFD" box="[837,853,526,550]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[535,1459,1090,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-269@9.[488,1459,1067,1774]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6 | Top of head and predorsal region of trunk of a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL) in dorsal view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, n: nasal, np: nuchal plate, pes: pterotic-extrascapular, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164220/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">6</figureCitation>
). Lateral ethmoid deep in lateral view, conspicuously expanded anteriorly, with anterodorsal expansion contacting only mesethmoid, and anteroventral expansion connected to lateroventral process of mesethmoid; anterodorsal expansion contacting mesethmoid and frontal in 
<collectionCode id="ED52AE4EF14BFF149D3EFDEDFBA8FD4D" box="[1032,1135,638,662]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">CPUMT</collectionCode>
8148, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF14BFF149D8FFDEDFADBFD4E" box="[1209,1308,638,662]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.41" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="44.1">44.1 mm</quantity>
SL (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF14BFF149C79FDEDFA61FD4D" box="[1359,1446,638,662]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[690,1459,1179,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[659,1459,1179,1888]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Head osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing general morphology in lateral view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, n: nasal, op: opercle, pes: pteroticextrascapular, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164212/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). Frontal elongated, narrow, width less than half of entire length; anterior projection relatively short, size generally smaller than nasal length; moderately developed in some specimens, with size similar to nasal length; anterior projection long, with size larger than nasal length in specimen 
<collectionCode id="ED52AE4EF14BFF149AAAFC80FBC4FCF0" box="[924,1027,787,811]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">CPUMT</collectionCode>
8148, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF14BFF149D61FC80FB78FCF0" box="[1111,1215,787,811]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.41" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="44.1">44.1 mm</quantity>
SL. Frontal fontanel large, slender, and somewhat ellipsoid; posterior tip extension clearly surpassing anterior margin of parieto-supraoccipital (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF14BFF149AFCFCCDFBDEFCAD" box="[970,1049,862,886]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[690,1459,1179,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[659,1459,1179,1888]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Head osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing general morphology in lateral view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, n: nasal, op: opercle, pes: pteroticextrascapular, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164212/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF14BFF149D1EFCCDFBFFFCAD" box="[1064,1080,862,886]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[535,1459,1090,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-269@9.[488,1459,1067,1774]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6 | Top of head and predorsal region of trunk of a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL) in dorsal view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, n: nasal, np: nuchal plate, pes: pterotic-extrascapular, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164220/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">6</figureCitation>
). Sphenotic somewhat trapezoid, contacting parieto-supraoccipital dorsally, pterotic-extrascapular posteriorly, second infraorbital posteroventrally and frontal anteriorly (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF14BFF149D01FC3BFB41FC1A" box="[1079,1158,936,961]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[690,1459,1179,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[659,1459,1179,1888]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Head osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing general morphology in lateral view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, n: nasal, op: opercle, pes: pteroticextrascapular, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164212/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF14BFF149DA0FC3BFB61FC1B" box="[1174,1190,936,960]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[535,1459,1090,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-269@9.[488,1459,1067,1774]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6 | Top of head and predorsal region of trunk of a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL) in dorsal view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, n: nasal, np: nuchal plate, pes: pterotic-extrascapular, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164220/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">6</figureCitation>
). Pterotic-extrascapular roughly pipe-shaped, with posterodorsal portion contacting first lateral-line ossicle, posteroventral margin contacting cleithrum, and anteroventral margin contacting opercle and infraorbital 2; posterodorsal expansion almost entirely covering lateral opening of swimbladder capsule, leaving slender area on its dorsal margin covered only by thick layer of skin (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF148FF179BD9FE9BFCFAFEFA" box="[751,829,264,289]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[690,1459,1179,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[659,1459,1179,1888]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Head osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing general morphology in lateral view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, n: nasal, op: opercle, pes: pteroticextrascapular, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164212/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF148FF179A7AFE9BFC9BFEFB" box="[844,860,264,288]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[535,1459,1090,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-269@9.[488,1459,1067,1774]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6 | Top of head and predorsal region of trunk of a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL) in dorsal view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, n: nasal, np: nuchal plate, pes: pterotic-extrascapular, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164220/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">6</figureCitation>
). Parieto-supraoccipital wide, posterior process long and contacting nuchal plate; region of contact between posterior process and nuchal plate covered by thick layer of skin (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF148FF179A49FEC0FC04FEB0" box="[895,963,339,363]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[535,1459,1090,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-269@9.[488,1459,1067,1774]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6 | Top of head and predorsal region of trunk of a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL) in dorsal view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, n: nasal, np: nuchal plate, pes: pterotic-extrascapular, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164220/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3C6603F14BFF1498DEF895FA6EF8BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164220" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11164220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164220/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[488,561,1798,1818]" targetBox="[535,1459,1090,1757]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF14BFF1498DEF895FA6EF8BE" blockId="9.[487,1460,1798,1893]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F14BFF1498DEF895FD9FF8C1" bold="true" box="[488,600,1798,1818]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 6 |</emphasis>
Top of head and predorsal region of trunk of a c&amp;s paratype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F14BFF149DFCF894FA41F8C0" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[1226,1414,1799,1819]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F14BFF149DFCF894FA41F8C0" bold="true" box="[1226,1414,1799,1819]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL) in dorsal view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, n: nasal, np: nuchal plate, pes: pterotic-extrascapular, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF148FF169B30FEEAFDBEFE00" blockId="10.[487,1461,190,774]" lastBlockId="11.[486,1461,190,848]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Two laminar infraorbitals with minute odontodes. Infraorbital 1 large, ventral laminar expansion ranging from moderately to well developed; anterior portion with laminar expansion ranging from moderately developed, slightly surpassing middle portion of nasal capsule, to well-developed, reaching anterior margin of nasal capsule; inner laminar expansion strongly reduced (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF148FF179AFFFD9DFBD2FDFD" box="[969,1045,526,550]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[690,1459,1179,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[659,1459,1179,1888]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Head osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing general morphology in lateral view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, n: nasal, op: opercle, pes: pteroticextrascapular, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164212/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF148FF179D17FD9DFBF7FDFD" box="[1057,1072,526,550]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[535,1459,1090,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-269@9.[488,1459,1067,1774]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6 | Top of head and predorsal region of trunk of a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL) in dorsal view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, n: nasal, np: nuchal plate, pes: pterotic-extrascapular, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164220/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">6</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF148FF179D0BFD9DFBA7FDFD" box="[1085,1120,526,550]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[487,560,1724,1744]" captionTargetBox="[529,1420,814,1699]" captionTargetId="figure-206@10.[512,1435,803,1703]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7 | Infraorbital series in lateral (A) and dorsal (B) views, and (C) suspensorium plus operculum in lateral view of a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL). Abbreviations: aa: angulo-articular, d: dentary, hym: hyomandibula, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, mp: metapterygoid, op: opercle, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, q: quadrate. Red arrows indicate the inner laminar expansions of both infraorbitals. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164222/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">7A</figureCitation>
). Infraorbital 2 small, widened dorsally, with posterior laminar expansion ranging from moderately to well developed; posteroventral margin contacting posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, posterodorsal edge contacting sphenotic and pterotic-extrascapular; inner laminar expansion strongly reduced (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF148FF179B67FD30FD58FD60" box="[593,671,675,699]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[690,1459,1179,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[659,1459,1179,1888]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Head osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing general morphology in lateral view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, n: nasal, op: opercle, pes: pteroticextrascapular, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164212/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF148FF179B98FD30FD7AFD60" box="[686,701,675,699]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[535,1459,1090,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-269@9.[488,1459,1067,1774]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6 | Top of head and predorsal region of trunk of a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL) in dorsal view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, n: nasal, np: nuchal plate, pes: pterotic-extrascapular, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164220/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">6</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF148FF179BFDFD30FD29FD60" box="[715,750,675,699]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[487,560,1724,1744]" captionTargetBox="[529,1420,814,1699]" captionTargetId="figure-206@10.[512,1435,803,1703]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7 | Infraorbital series in lateral (A) and dorsal (B) views, and (C) suspensorium plus operculum in lateral view of a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL). Abbreviations: aa: angulo-articular, d: dentary, hym: hyomandibula, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, mp: metapterygoid, op: opercle, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, q: quadrate. Red arrows indicate the inner laminar expansions of both infraorbitals. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164222/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">7B</figureCitation>
). Posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula close to its articulation with opercle slender, exposed, and bearing small odontodes (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF148FF179DA1FD5BFB24FD3A" box="[1175,1251,712,737]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[690,1459,1179,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[659,1459,1179,1888]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Head osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing general morphology in lateral view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, n: nasal, op: opercle, pes: pteroticextrascapular, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164212/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF148FF179DC7FD5AFAD2FD3A" box="[1265,1301,713,737]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[487,560,1724,1744]" captionTargetBox="[529,1420,814,1699]" captionTargetId="figure-206@10.[512,1435,803,1703]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7 | Infraorbital series in lateral (A) and dorsal (B) views, and (C) suspensorium plus operculum in lateral view of a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL). Abbreviations: aa: angulo-articular, d: dentary, hym: hyomandibula, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, mp: metapterygoid, op: opercle, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, q: quadrate. Red arrows indicate the inner laminar expansions of both infraorbitals. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164222/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">7C</figureCitation>
). Dorsal ridge of hyomandibula between pterotic-extrascapular and opercle entirely or almost entirely covered by posterodorsal portion of infraorbital 2; entirely covered by thick layer of skin in some specimens. Interopercle partially covered by thick layer of skin, with posterior portion exposed and bearing odontodes; subtriangular, anterior projection moderately developed (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF149FF169B5CFEBDFD71FE9D" box="[618,694,302,326]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[690,1459,1179,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[659,1459,1179,1888]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Head osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing general morphology in lateral view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, n: nasal, op: opercle, pes: pteroticextrascapular, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164212/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF149FF169BF5FEBDFD20FE9D" box="[707,743,302,326]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[487,560,1724,1744]" captionTargetBox="[529,1420,814,1699]" captionTargetId="figure-206@10.[512,1435,803,1703]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7 | Infraorbital series in lateral (A) and dorsal (B) views, and (C) suspensorium plus operculum in lateral view of a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL). Abbreviations: aa: angulo-articular, d: dentary, hym: hyomandibula, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, mp: metapterygoid, op: opercle, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, q: quadrate. Red arrows indicate the inner laminar expansions of both infraorbitals. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164222/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">7C</figureCitation>
). Preopercle elongated, relatively slender; minute odontodes on external surface (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF149FF169B90FEC0FD34FEB0" box="[678,755,339,363]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[690,1459,1179,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[659,1459,1179,1888]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Head osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing general morphology in lateral view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, n: nasal, op: opercle, pes: pteroticextrascapular, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164212/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF149FF169A37FEC0FCE2FEB0" box="[769,805,339,363]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[487,560,1724,1744]" captionTargetBox="[529,1420,814,1699]" captionTargetId="figure-206@10.[512,1435,803,1703]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7 | Infraorbital series in lateral (A) and dorsal (B) views, and (C) suspensorium plus operculum in lateral view of a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL). Abbreviations: aa: angulo-articular, d: dentary, hym: hyomandibula, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, mp: metapterygoid, op: opercle, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, q: quadrate. Red arrows indicate the inner laminar expansions of both infraorbitals. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164222/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">7C</figureCitation>
). Opercle dorsoventrally elongated, width slightly smaller than half of its entire length; free margin convex, posterodorsal portion with smoothly concave area in some specimens; without serrations and covered by small odontodes (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF149FF1698C6FE50FDFBFE00" box="[496,572,451,475]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[690,1459,1179,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[659,1459,1179,1888]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Head osteological pattern in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing general morphology in lateral view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, n: nasal, op: opercle, pes: pteroticextrascapular, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164212/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF149FF169B7EFE50FDABFE00" box="[584,620,451,475]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[487,560,1724,1744]" captionTargetBox="[529,1420,814,1699]" captionTargetId="figure-206@10.[512,1435,803,1703]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7 | Infraorbital series in lateral (A) and dorsal (B) views, and (C) suspensorium plus operculum in lateral view of a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL). Abbreviations: aa: angulo-articular, d: dentary, hym: hyomandibula, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, mp: metapterygoid, op: opercle, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, q: quadrate. Red arrows indicate the inner laminar expansions of both infraorbitals. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164222/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">7C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3C6603F148FF1798D1F92FFA73F850" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164222" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11164222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164222/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" startId="10.[487,560,1724,1744]" targetBox="[529,1420,814,1699]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF148FF1798D1F92FFA73F850" blockId="10.[487,1460,1724,1931]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F148FF1798D1F92FFD95F90B" bold="true" box="[487,594,1724,1744]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 7 |</emphasis>
Infraorbital series in lateral (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F148FF179A5CF92FFCBDF914" bold="true" box="[874,890,1724,1743]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A</emphasis>
) and dorsal (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F148FF179AC3F92FFBC4F914" bold="true" box="[1013,1027,1724,1743]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">B</emphasis>
) views, and (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F148FF179D4BF92FFB4CF914" bold="true" box="[1149,1163,1724,1743]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C</emphasis>
) suspensorium plus operculum in lateral view of a c&amp;s paratype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F148FF179A67F972FBD7F92E" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[849,1040,1761,1781]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F148FF179A67F972FBD7F92E" bold="true" box="[849,1040,1761,1781]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL). Abbreviations: aa: angulo-articular, d: dentary, hym: hyomandibula, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, mp: metapterygoid, op: opercle, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, q: quadrate. Red arrows indicate the inner laminar expansions of both infraorbitals. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF149FF119B30FE7AFC24FE00" blockId="11.[486,1461,190,848]" lastBlockId="12.[485,1461,190,1894]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Four branchiostegal rays decreasing in size posteriorly. Hypobranchial 1 deep, with mesial expansion poorly to well ossified; hypobranchial 2 somewhat triangular, tip ossified and directed towards anterior portion, posterior margin cartilaginous; ossified portion ranging from strongly reduced to poorly developed, with cartilaginous portion at least twice of its size in smaller specimens (
<collectionCode id="ED52AE4EF149FF169AE5FDEDFBC7FD4D" box="[979,1024,638,662]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">LIA</collectionCode>
299, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF149FF169D0AFDEDFB58FD4E" box="[1084,1183,638,662]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.91" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="39.1">39.1 mm</quantity>
SL; 
<collectionCode id="ED52AE4EF149FF169DF9FDEDFB3CFD4D" box="[1231,1275,638,662]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tm1e-8yxi" name="Cryobank of Microorganisms" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">LIA</collectionCode>
1073, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF149FF169C72FDEDFDD4FD60" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.875" metricValueMax="4.16" metricValueMin="3.59" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="38.75" valueMax="41.6" valueMin="35.9">35.9–41.6 mm</quantity>
SL) (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF149FF169B66FD30FD60FD60" box="[592,679,675,699]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[486,559,1686,1706]" captionTargetBox="[505,1448,919,1650]" captionTargetId="figure-228@11.[488,1459,905,1664]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8 | Hyoid and branchial arches in (A) a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL), showing its general morphology in dorsal view, with the detail of hypobranchial (hb) 1 and 2, and of (B) upper tooth plate plus pharyngobranchials ((pb3 and 4) 3 and 4). General morphology in dorsal view of both hypobranchials (1 and 2) of another c&amp;s paratype (CITL 929, 45.3 mm SL). Area highlighted in red in (A) indicating the position of upper tooth plate plus pharyngobranchials in the branchial basket. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164225/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
); ossified portion well developed in larger specimens (
<collectionCode id="ED52AE4EF149FF169C30FD30FAAAFD60" box="[1286,1389,675,699]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">CPUMT</collectionCode>
8148, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF149FF1698DEFD5AFD8BFD3B" box="[488,588,713,737]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.41" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="44.1">44.1 mm</quantity>
SL; 
<collectionCode id="ED52AE4EF149FF169BB6FD5AFD06FD3A" box="[640,705,713,737]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">CITL</collectionCode>
929, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF149FF169A36FD5BFCA2FD3B" box="[768,869,712,736]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.529999999999999" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="45.3">45.3 mm</quantity>
SL), around twice size of cartilaginous portion (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF149FF169CB0FD5BFDCBFCDD" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[486,559,1686,1706]" captionTargetBox="[505,1448,919,1650]" captionTargetId="figure-228@11.[488,1459,905,1664]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8 | Hyoid and branchial arches in (A) a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL), showing its general morphology in dorsal view, with the detail of hypobranchial (hb) 1 and 2, and of (B) upper tooth plate plus pharyngobranchials ((pb3 and 4) 3 and 4). General morphology in dorsal view of both hypobranchials (1 and 2) of another c&amp;s paratype (CITL 929, 45.3 mm SL). Area highlighted in red in (A) indicating the position of upper tooth plate plus pharyngobranchials in the branchial basket. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164225/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
). Five ceratobranchials with expansions increasing posteriorly; ceratobranchial 1 with strongly reduced process on anterior margin of mesial portion; ceratobranchial 3 with continuous laminar expansion on postero-lateral margin; ceratobranchial 5 toothed on posterodorsal surface, with 28 to 31(4) teeth aligned in one row. Four epibranchials with similar size; epibranchial 2 slightly larger than others, with small pointed process on laminar expansion of posterior margin; epibranchial 3 with roughly triangular uncinate process on laminar expansion of posterior margin; process variably bent mesially. Two wide pharyngobranchials (3 and 4); pharyngobranchial 3 with roughly triangular laminar expansion on posterior margin; expansion typically notched. Upper tooth plate roughly oval, 46 to 60(4) teeth aligned in three or four rows on posteroventral surface; rows slightly apart from each other (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF14EFF119AB6FE50FC12FE00" box="[896,981,451,475]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[486,559,1686,1706]" captionTargetBox="[505,1448,919,1650]" captionTargetId="figure-228@11.[488,1459,905,1664]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8 | Hyoid and branchial arches in (A) a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL), showing its general morphology in dorsal view, with the detail of hypobranchial (hb) 1 and 2, and of (B) upper tooth plate plus pharyngobranchials ((pb3 and 4) 3 and 4). General morphology in dorsal view of both hypobranchials (1 and 2) of another c&amp;s paratype (CITL 929, 45.3 mm SL). Area highlighted in red in (A) indicating the position of upper tooth plate plus pharyngobranchials in the branchial basket. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164225/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3C6603F149FF1698D0F905FD54F8BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164225" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11164225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164225/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[486,559,1686,1706]" targetBox="[505,1448,919,1650]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF149FF1698D0F905FD54F8BE" blockId="11.[486,1460,1686,1893]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F149FF1698D0F905FD96F971" bold="true" box="[486,593,1686,1706]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FIGURE 8 |</emphasis>
Hyoid and branchial arches in (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F149FF169AB2F904FC53F971" bold="true" box="[900,916,1687,1706]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">A</emphasis>
) a c&amp;s paratype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F149FF169D71F904FAC6F970" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[1095,1281,1687,1707]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F149FF169D71F904FAC6F970" bold="true" box="[1095,1281,1687,1707]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL), showing its general morphology in dorsal view, with the detail of hypobranchial (hb) 1 and 2, and of (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F149FF1698D8F971FE3BF92E" bold="true" box="[494,508,1762,1781]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">B</emphasis>
) upper tooth plate plus pharyngobranchials ((pb3 and 4) 3 and 4). General morphology in dorsal view of both hypobranchials (1 and 2) of another c&amp;s paratype (CITL 929, 45.3 mm SL). Area highlighted in red in (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F149FF169B1DF8BFFDFCF8E4" bold="true" box="[555,571,1836,1855]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">A</emphasis>
) indicating the position of upper tooth plate plus pharyngobranchials in the branchial basket. Scale bars = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF14EFF119B30FE7BFD79FBEB" blockId="12.[485,1461,190,1894]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Lateral-line canal reaching cephalic laterosensory system through pterotic-extrascapular, branching twice before reaching sphenotic: pterotic branch, with single pore, preoperculomandibular branch conspicuously reduced, with single pore opening close to postotic main canal; postotic main canal widens just posterior to pterotic branch. Sensory canal continuing through pterotic-extrascapular, reaching sphenotic as temporal canal, which splits into two branches: one branch giving rise to infraorbital canal, other branch connecting to frontal through supraorbital canal, with one and two pores, respectively. Supraorbital canal branched, running through nasal bone. Epiphyseal branch relatively long; pore opening close to frontal fontanel. Nasal canal with three openings, first on posterior edge, second on posterolateral portion and typically fused with first pore, and third on anterior edge; second opening variably absent. Infraorbital canal running through entire infraorbital 2, extending to infraorbital 1 and opening into two or three pores. Preoperculomandibular branch giving rise to preoperculomandibular canal, which runs through entire preopercle with three openings, leading to pores 3, 4, and 5, respectively; pore 3 opening at posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula in some specimens.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF14EFF119B30FBADFBE6F970" blockId="12.[485,1461,190,1894]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Dorsal fin subtriangular, located just posterior to second or third dorsolateral body plate. Dorsal-fin rays II,7(1), II,7,i(1), II,8*(16), posterior margin of dorsal-fin spine with four to 11 strongly reduced to poorly-developed serrations, perpendicularly directed or antrorse; serrations restricted to distal half of spine; small odontodes on anterior and lateral surfaces of spine (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF14EFF119BC2FB40FC8CFB30" box="[756,843,1235,1259]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[488,561,1201,1221]" captionTargetBox="[529,1423,184,1160]" captionTargetId="figure-171@13.[519,1427,171,1179]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9 | Lateral view of (A) the dorsal-fin spine and dorsal view of (B) the left pectoral-fin spine in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing their serration patterns. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164227/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
). Nuchal plate well developed, almost entirely exposed, with minute odontodes. Spinelet short; spine well developed, with adpressed distal tip reaching or slightly surpassing posterior origin of dorsal-fin base. Pectoral fin roughly triangular, its origin just posterior to gill opening. Pectoral-fin rays I,9,i(2), I,10*(11), I,10,i(3), I,11(2), posterior margin of pectoral spine with 13 to 19 conical serrations along almost its entire length, absent around origin of spine; most serrations well developed and retrorse; serrations close to origin of spine conspicuously less developed; some serrations variably perpendicularly directed; small odontodes on anterior, dorsal and ventral surfaces of spine (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF14EFF119A73FA6DFC58F9CD" box="[837,927,1534,1558]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[488,561,1201,1221]" captionTargetBox="[529,1423,184,1160]" captionTargetId="figure-171@13.[519,1427,171,1179]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9 | Lateral view of (A) the dorsal-fin spine and dorsal view of (B) the left pectoral-fin spine in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing their serration patterns. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164227/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
). Anteroventral portion of cleithrum exposed; posterolateral portion of scapulocoracoid moderately developed, exposed, with anterior portion slightly expanded anteriorly, not in contact with anteroventral portion of cleithrum. Opening of axillary gland 
<emphasis id="B937EA99F14EFF119AABF9FCFC13F95D" box="[925,980,1647,1670]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B7AF14EFF119AE8F9FDFB6AF95D" author="Kiehl E &amp; Rieger C &amp; Greven H." box="[990,1197,1646,1670]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="111 - 15" refId="ref12762" refString="• Kiehl E, Rieger C, Greven H. Axillary gland secretions contribute to the stressinduced discharge of a bactericidal substance in Corydoras sterbai (Callichthyidae, Siluriformes). Verh Ges Oekol Ich. 2006; 5: 111 - 15." type="journal article" year="2006">
Kiehl 
<emphasis id="B937EA99F14EFF119D10F9FCFB9BF95D" box="[1062,1116,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
(2006)
</bibRefCitation>
apparently reduced to narrow slit just posterior to pectoral-fin spine base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF14EFF109B30F92BFCA0F8BD" blockId="12.[485,1461,190,1894]" lastBlockId="13.[486,1461,1422,1894]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Pelvic fin oblong, located just below second or third ventrolateral body plate, and at vertical through second or third dorsal-fin branched rays. Pelvic-fin rays i,5*(18). Anterior internal process of basipterygium well developed and conspicuously laterally expanded, with nearly vertically placed dorsal lamina; anterior external process laminar, well developed, slightly to moderately expanded posteriorly; dorsal ischiac process well developed, with anterior laminar expansion moderately expanded anteriorly, and posterior laminar expansion slightly to moderately expanded posteriorly; anterior and posterior laminar expansions of ischiac process roughly triangular or rounded; ventral ischiac process clearly smaller than dorsal process, roughly triangular, bent anteriorly (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF14FFF1098C6F9B0FD87F9E0" box="[496,576,1571,1595]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[488,561,1164,1184]" captionTargetBox="[504,1432,203,1124]" captionTargetId="figure-30@14.[488,1459,184,1141]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10 | Pelvic girdle in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL). Abbreviations: bp: basipterygium, pae: anterior external process, pai: anterior internal process, pi: dorsal ischiac process. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Left dorsal ischiac process damaged during dissection. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164230" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164230/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). Adipose fin roughly triangular, separated from base of last dorsal-fin ray by six or seven dorsolateral body plates. Anal fin subtriangular, located just posterior to 12 
<superScript id="7C369BC3F14FFF109CB1F9D4FA53F98E" attach="left" box="[1415,1428,1607,1621]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">th</superScript>
or 13 
<superScript id="7C369BC3F14FFF109B35F9FFFDD7F9A1" attach="left" box="[515,528,1644,1658]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">th</superScript>
ventrolateral body plates, and at vertical through adipose-fin spine base or region of adipose-fin membrane. Anal-fin rays ii,5,i(3), ii,6*(15). Caudal fin bilobed, with dorsal lobe typically larger than ventral lobe; some specimens with dorsal lobe clearly smaller than ventral lobe, apparently by undergoing regeneration. Caudal-fin rays i,12,i*(18), with four or five dorsal and ventral procurrent rays; small cartilage between upper principal and procurrent caudal-fin rays (presumably opisthural cartilage (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B7AF14FFF109C6EF8BBFDE6F8BD" author="Monod T." pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 705" refId="ref13035" refString="• Monod T. Le complexe urophore des poissons teleosteens. Mem Inst Franc Afrique Noire. 1968. 81: 1 - 705." type="journal article" year="1968">Monod, 1968</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B7AF14FFF109B1AF8DDFD2FF8BD" author="McDowall RM" box="[556,744,1870,1894]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="932 - 39" refId="ref12995" refString="• McDowall RM. Caudal skeleton in Galaxias and allied genera (Teleostei: Galaxiidae). Copeia. 1999; 1999 (4): 932 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1447968" type="journal article" year="1999">McDowall, 1999</bibRefCitation>
)) (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF14FFF109A3FF8DDFC9DF8BD" box="[777,858,1870,1894]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="15.[488,561,1089,1109]" captionTargetBox="[561,1366,181,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-24@15.[561,1386,171,1067]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 11 | General morphology of caudal skeleton in a c&amp;s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing the small cartilage (black dotted line) between upper principal and procurrent caudal-fin rays. Abbreviations: ccc: compound caudal centrum, cfr: caudal-fin principal rays, dpcr: dorsal procurrent rays, epu: epural, has: haemal spine, hyp 1–5: hypurals 1 to 5, nes: neural spine, par: parhypural, pu 2–4: preural centra 2 to 4, un: uroneural, vpcr: ventral procurrent rays. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164232/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3C6603F14FFF1098DEFB22FD27FAEE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164227" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11164227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164227/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[488,561,1201,1221]" targetBox="[529,1423,184,1160]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF14FFF1098DEFB22FD27FAEE" blockId="13.[487,1459,1201,1333]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F14FFF1098DEFB22FD92FB1E" bold="true" box="[488,597,1201,1221]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 9 |</emphasis>
Lateral view of (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F14FFF109BC3FB22FCC2FB1F" bold="true" box="[757,773,1201,1220]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A</emphasis>
) the dorsal-fin spine and dorsal view of (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F14FFF109DBBFB21FB5CFB1E" bold="true" box="[1165,1179,1202,1221]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">B</emphasis>
) the left pectoral-fin spine in a c&amp;s paratype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F14FFF109BAEFB44FC92FB30" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[664,853,1239,1259]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F14FFF109BAEFB44FC92FB30" bold="true" box="[664,853,1239,1259]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing their serration patterns. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3C6603F14CFF1398DEFB1FFA59FACB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164230" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11164230" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164230/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" startId="14.[488,561,1164,1184]" targetBox="[504,1432,203,1124]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF14CFF1398DEFB1FFA59FACB" blockId="14.[487,1460,1164,1296]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F14CFF1398DEFB1FFD9BFB7B" bold="true" box="[488,604,1164,1184]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FIGURE 10 |</emphasis>
Pelvic girdle in a c&amp;s paratype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F14CFF139AA3FB1FFB88FB7B" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[917,1103,1164,1184]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F14CFF139AA3FB1FFB88FB7B" bold="true" box="[917,1103,1164,1184]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL). Abbreviations: bp: basipterygium, pae: anterior external process, pai: anterior internal process, pi: dorsal ischiac process. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Left dorsal ischiac process damaged during dissection. Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF14CFF129B30FAFAFB32F90B" blockId="14.[487,1460,1384,1894]" lastBlockId="15.[485,1461,1422,1856]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Four to six laterosensory canals on trunk; first ossicle tubular, second ossicle laminar, third, fourth, fifth and sixth lateral-line canals, if present, encased in third, fourth, fifth and sixth dorsolateral body plates, respectively. Body plates with minute odontodes scattered over exposed area, with conspicuous line of odontodes confined to posterior margins. Dorsolateral body plates 25(16), 26*(2). Ventrolateral body plates 22(16), 23*(2). Dorsolateral body plates along dorsal-fin base 6*(9), 7(9). Dorsolateral body plates between adipose- and caudal-fin 8(3), 9(14), 10*(1). Preadipose platelets 3(1), 4(15), 5*(2). Ventral surface of trunk between posteroventral margin of cleithrum and pelvic-fin origin laterally delimited by first and second ventrolateral body plates; ventral portion of first ventrolateral body plate ranging from slightly to moderately expanded anteriorly. Small platelets covering base of caudal-fin rays. Small platelets disposed dorsally and ventrally between junctions of lateral plates on posterior portion of caudal peduncle. Anterior margin of orbit, above region of junction between frontal and lateral ethmoid, ventral and anterodorsal margins of nasal capsule, lateral surface of head below infraorbital 1, and lateral and dorsal portions of snout with numerous small platelets bearing odontodes; region around tip of snout typically devoid of platelets; region around nasal capsule and dorsal and lateral surfaces of snout with few platelets in specimen (
<collectionCode id="ED52AE4EF14DFF129BB1FA6DFD29F9CD" box="[647,750,1534,1558]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">CPUMT</collectionCode>
8148, 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF14DFF129A77FA6DFC6EF9CE" box="[833,937,1534,1558]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.41" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="44.1">44.1 mm</quantity>
SL). Ventral surface of head and trunk with small irregular platelets bearing odontodes; ventral surface of head variably lacking platelets on its anterior portion, with more numerous and concentrated platelets on its posterior portion, becoming gradually fewer and sparser towards posterior portion of trunk; mesial portion of ventral surface of trunk close pelvic fins and/or region around pectoral-fin origin with concentration of platelets in some specimens.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3C6603F14DFF1298DEFBD2FD4DFAEE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164232" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11164232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164232/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" startId="15.[488,561,1089,1109]" targetBox="[561,1366,181,1046]" targetPageId="15" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF14DFF1298DEFBD2FD4DFAEE" blockId="15.[488,1461,1089,1333]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F14DFF1298DEFBD2FD9AFB8E" bold="true" box="[488,605,1089,1109]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">FIGURE 11 |</emphasis>
General morphology of caudal skeleton in a c&amp;s paratype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F14DFF129DADFBD2FA92FB8E" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[1179,1365,1089,1109]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F14DFF129DADFBD2FA92FB8E" bold="true" box="[1179,1365,1089,1109]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing the small cartilage (black dotted line) between upper principal and procurrent caudal-fin rays. Abbreviations: ccc: compound caudal centrum, cfr: caudal-fin principal rays, dpcr: dorsal procurrent rays, epu: epural, has: haemal spine, hyp 1–5: hypurals 1 to 5, nes: neural spine, par: parhypural, pu 2–4: preural centra 2 to 4, un: uroneural, vpcr: ventral procurrent rays. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish’s body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF14DFF129B30F94DFA5DF89B" blockId="15.[485,1461,1422,1856]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Vertebral count 22(1), 23(3); ribs 5(4); first pair conspicuously large, its middle portion closely connected to first ventrolateral body plate; its tip not connected to anterior external process of basipterygium. Parapophysis of complex vertebra well developed.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF152FF0D9B30FF2DFC20FB7B" blockId="16.[486,1461,190,1184]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F152FF0D9B30FF2DFCD0FF0D" bold="true" box="[518,791,190,214]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Coloration in alcohol.</emphasis>
Overall color pattern of body in 
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF152FF0D9DABFF2DFACEFF0D" box="[1181,1289,190,214]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="4.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionStartId-1="5.[488,561,977,997]" captionTargetBox-0="[488,1459,757,1776]" captionTargetBox-1="[492,1441,196,947]" captionTargetId-0="figure-212@4.[488,1459,757,1776]" captionTargetId-1="figure-317@5.[488,1459,184,955]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1 | Corydoras caramater, holotype, MNRJ 54621, 49.3 mm SL, Senador José Porfírio, Pará, Brazil, rio Bacajaí, rio Xingu basin." captionText-1="FIGURE 2 | Two preserved specimens of Corydoras caramater, showing general color and morphological patterns in lateral view of (A) a paratype (LIA 8170, 38.1 mm SL), and (B) a non-type specimen from the rio Tapajós basin (CPUFMT 8149, 1, 49.9 mm SL)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164204" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164208" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11164204/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11164208/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
. Ground color of body pale- to brownish yellow or beige. Top of head dark brown. Dorsal and lateral surface of head, and lateral surface of cleithrum covered by dark brown or black chromatophores, not forming small blotches; elongated dark patch transversally crossing orbit, forming typical mask-like blotch, which is generally diffuse. Dorsolateral body plates with conspicuous concentration of dark brown or black chromatophores, forming small, irregular, rounded or vertically elongated dark brown or black blotches, which are roughly transversally aligned on plates; series of blotches on middle or posterior portion of dorsolateral body plates. Ventrolateral body plates with conspicuous concentration of dark brown or black chromatophores, forming small, irregular, rounded or vertically elongated dark brown or black blotches, which are roughly transversally aligned on plates; series of blotches typically restrict to dorsal half of ventrolateral body plates and placed on its middle portion. Blotches on lateral body plates more evident on anterior portion of trunk; posterior margin of body plates typically with dark brown or black chromatophores, forming thin dark lines along border of plates. Dorsal-fin with dark brown or black chromatophores, more concentrated on spine and rays, and typically forming small, diffuse dark blotches, which are roughly longitudinally or obliquely aligned. Pectoral and pelvic fins with dark brown or black chromatophores, not forming dark blotches; pelvic fin with scarce chromatophores in some specimens. Adipose fin with conspicuous concentrations of dark brown or black chromatophores, typically forming small, diffuse dark blotches, especially on its spine. Anal fin with dark brown or black chromatophores, which are more concentrated on rays, typically forming small, diffuse dark blotches roughly aligned transversally; blotches generally more evident on middle portion of fin. Caudal fin with conspicuous concentrations of dark brown or black chromatophores, mostly on rays, forming numerous, small, diffuse dark blotches, which are roughly aligned transversally; in some specimens, caudal-fin blotches slightly more evident than blotches in remaining fins.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF152FF0D9B30FB40FD3DFA80" blockId="16.[488,1461,1235,1371]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F152FF0D9B30FB40FD25FB30" bold="true" box="[518,738,1235,1259]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Coloration in life.</emphasis>
Similar to color pattern of preserved specimens, but with light yellowish orange ground color of body, especially on anterodorsal portion of trunk. Mask-like blotch variably more evident. Body covered by greenish yellow iridescent coloration (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF152FF0D9B5FFAD0FD04FA80" box="[617,707,1347,1371]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="17.[488,561,1126,1146]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,171,1104]" captionTargetId="figure-23@17.[488,1459,171,1104]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 12 | Uncatalogued aquarium specimens of Corydoras caramater from the rio Tapajós basin photographed alive, showing general color pattern and morphology of a male (A) and of a female (B) specimens. Photos by Hans Evers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164234/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF152FF0D9BF9FAD0FD2BFA80" box="[719,748,1347,1371]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="18.[488,561,1052,1072]" captionTargetBox="[493,1442,199,1021]" captionTargetId="figure-114@18.[488,1459,187,1029]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 13 | Specimens of Corydoras caramater from the rio Tapajós basin photographed alive in lateral view, showing general color pattern and morphology of (A) an uncatalogued specimen from the rio Pacu with paler background color of body, (B) an uncatalogued specimen from igarapé Sonrisal with slightly darker background color of body, and (C) a non-type specimen (CPUFMT 8149, 1, 49.9 mm SL) from the rio Pacu with clearly darker background color of body. Photos by William Ohara." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164238" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164238/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">13</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF152FF0D9B30FA1DFBFAFA2B" blockId="16.[488,1459,1422,1520]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F152FF0D9B30FA1DFD39FA7D" bold="true" box="[518,766,1422,1446]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
As well-documented in 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F152FF0D9D19FA1DFB1FFA7D" authorityName="Hoedeman" authorityYear="1952" box="[1071,1240,1422,1446]" family="Callichthyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Corydoradinae">Corydoradinae</taxonomicName>
(see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B7AF152FF0D9C28FA1DFA69FA7D" author="Britto MR" box="[1310,1454,1422,1446]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="119 - 54" refId="ref11927" refString="• Britto MR. Phylogeny of the subfamily Corydoradinae Hoedeman, 1952 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae), with a definition of its genera. Proc Acad Nat Sci Phila. 2003; 153 (1): 119 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.1635 / 0097 - 3157 (2003) 153 [0119: POT SCH] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2003">Britto, 2003</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B7AF152FF0D98DEFA20FCC0FA10" author="Nijssen H &amp; Isbrucker IJH" box="[488,775,1459,1483]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="133 - 39" refId="ref13297" refString="• Nijssen H, Isbrucker IJH. Aspidoras virgulatus n. sp., a plated catfish from EspIrito Santo, Brazil (Pisces, Siluriformes, Callichthyidae). Bull Zool Mus Univ Amst. 1980 b; 7 (13): 133 - 39." type="journal article" year="1980">Nijssen, Isbrücker, 1980b</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B7AF152FF0D9A25FA20FC36FA10" author="Spadella MA &amp; Desan SP &amp; Henriques TCBPO &amp; Oliveira C." box="[787,1009,1459,1483]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="160039" refId="ref14238" refString="• Spadella MA, Desan SP, Henriques TCBPO, Oliveira C. Variation in male reproductive system characters in Corydoradinae (Loricarioidei: Callichthyidae) reflects the occurrence of different lineages in this subfamily. Neotrop Ichthyol. 2017; 15 (1): e 160039. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 1982 - 0224 - 20160039" type="journal article" year="2017">
Spadella 
<emphasis id="B937EA99F152FF0D9A43FA27FC65FA10" box="[885,930,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
., 2017
</bibRefCitation>
), male specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F152FF0D9DEEFA27FA9CFA10" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[1240,1371,1460,1483]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F152FF0D9DEEFA27FA9CFA10" box="[1240,1371,1460,1483]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
present a genital papilla, which is somewhat tubular in shape.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF152FF0D9B30F9B0FA9FF970" blockId="16.[487,1459,1571,1708]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F152FF0D9B30F9B0FC80F9E0" bold="true" box="[518,839,1571,1595]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F152FF0D9A78F9B0FBE4F9E0" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[846,1059,1571,1595]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F152FF0D9A78F9B0FBE4F9E0" box="[846,1059,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently known from the basins of the rivers Bacajá and Bacajaí and other small tributaries of the right margin of the rio Xingu draining the region of the Volta Grande do Xingu, and also from tributaries of the rio Tapajós basin in the region of Jacareacanga, Pará State, 
<collectingCountry id="F354761BF152FF0D9D9EF900FB2DF970" box="[1192,1258,1683,1707]" name="Brazil" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF152FF0D9DCFF900FA8CF970" box="[1273,1355,1683,1707]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="19.[136,209,977,997]" captionTargetBox="[143,1449,190,942]" captionTargetId="figure-24@19.[135,1459,171,945]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 14 | Map showing the geographical distribution of Corydoras caramater in the rio Xingu basin (purple star: type-locality; white diamonds additional records), and in the rio Tapajós basin (yellow dot). Each symbol may represent more than one locality." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164240" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164240/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF152FF0C9B30F94DFB61F8C0" blockId="16.[486,1459,1758,1894]" lastBlockId="17.[488,1461,1310,1820]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F152FF0D9B30F94DFD16F92D" bold="true" box="[518,721,1758,1782]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ecological notes.</emphasis>
In both rivers Xingu and Tapajós basins, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F152FF0D9DAFF94DFADCF92D" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[1177,1307,1758,1782]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F152FF0D9DAFF94DFADCF92D" box="[1177,1307,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was captured from small streams to the main channel of smaller rivers (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF152FF0D9DADF890FB36F8C0" box="[1179,1265,1795,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,177,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-29@20.[488,1459,177,1776]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15 | Collecting sites of Corydoras caramater, showing (A) the rio Bacajaí, (B) a small stream tributary of the rio Bacajá, both draining to the rio Xingu, and (C) the igarapé Sonrisal, a tributary of the rio Tapajós basin, all in Pará State, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164242" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164242/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
). In the igarapé Limãozinho (
<collectionCode id="ED52AE4EF152FF0D9BB7F8BAFD0CF89A" box="[641,715,1833,1857]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">LFCT</collectionCode>
, pers. obs.), a tributary of the rio Tapajós basin, the new species was mostly observed in shallow sites (up to about 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF152FF0D9D19F8DDFBBFF8BE" box="[1071,1144,1870,1894]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
deep), with width ranging from 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF153FF0C9B1FFA8DFD52FAEE" box="[553,661,1310,1334]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1 to 3 m</quantity>
, slow to moderate water current, and substrate mostly composed by fine sand and gravel, with areas of leaf litter and submerged branches/logs, as well as aquatic macrophytes. In this same site, the new species was observed shoaling together with two undescribed mimetic congeners (see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B7AF153FF0C9D37FA1DFAD2FA7D" author="Alexandrou MA &amp; Oliveira C &amp; Maillard M &amp; McGill RAR &amp; Newton J &amp; Creer S &amp; Taylor MI" box="[1025,1301,1422,1446]" journalOrPublisher="Nature." pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="84 - 89" part="469" refId="ref11651" refString="• Alexandrou MA, Oliveira C, Maillard M, McGill RAR, Newton J, Creer S, Taylor MI. Competition and phylogeny determine community structure in Mullerian comimics. Nature. 2011; 469 (7328): 84 - 89. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / nature 09660" title="Competition and phylogeny determine community structure in Mullerian comimics" type="journal article" year="2011">
Alexandrou 
<emphasis id="B937EA99F153FF0C9DBBFA1CFB7BFA7D" box="[1165,1212,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">et al</emphasis>
. (2011)
</bibRefCitation>
for a broader discussion on mimicry in 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F153FF0C9A22FA20FC07FA10" authorityName="Hoedeman" authorityYear="1952" box="[788,960,1459,1483]" family="Callichthyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Corydoradinae">Corydoradinae</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F153FF0C9AE0FA20FBAEFA10" box="[982,1129,1459,1483]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F153FF0C9AE0FA20FB86FA10" box="[982,1089,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Corydoras</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
CW101 (less abundant) and CW102 (most abundant), with the new species occurring in intermediate abundance when compared to both of them. Additionally, the new species was also captured with another undescribed congener in the igarapé Limãozinho, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F153FF0C9DB5F9B0FAD4F9E0" box="[1155,1299,1571,1595]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F153FF0C9DB5F9B0FB29F9E0" box="[1155,1262,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Corydoras</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
CW193. The new species was observed in the igarapé Sonrizal (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF153FF0C9D04F9DBFB5DF9BB" box="[1074,1178,1608,1632]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[488,561,1798,1818]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,177,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-29@20.[488,1459,177,1776]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15 | Collecting sites of Corydoras caramater, showing (A) the rio Bacajaí, (B) a small stream tributary of the rio Bacajá, both draining to the rio Xingu, and (C) the igarapé Sonrisal, a tributary of the rio Tapajós basin, all in Pará State, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164242" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164242/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
), rio Tapajós basin, in a similar habitat as described for the igarapé Limãozinho, except for its larger width (about 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF153FF0C9B0CF900FDB1F970" box="[570,630,1683,1707]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
) and depth (about 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF153FF0C9A61F900FC5AF970" box="[855,925,1683,1707]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="1.5">1.5 m</quantity>
). In the igarapé Sonrizal, the new species was observed in syntopy with the following congeners: 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F153FF0C9D06F92BFB1CF90B" box="[1072,1243,1720,1744]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undefined-C">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F153FF0C9D06F92BFB5CF90B" box="[1072,1179,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Corydoras</emphasis>
sp. C
</taxonomicName>
151, C152, CW66, CW174, and CW176. Similarly to the observed in the igarapé Limãozinho, 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F153FF0C9C06F94DFA75F92D" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[1328,1458,1758,1782]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F153FF0C9C06F94DFA75F92D" box="[1328,1458,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was found in syntopy with 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F153FF0C9A2AF890FC6BF8C0" box="[796,940,1795,1819]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F153FF0C9A2AF890FC40F8C0" box="[796,903,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Corydoras</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
CW101 and CW102.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF3C6603F153FF0C98DEFBF5FCE1FB1E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164234" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11164234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164234/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[488,561,1126,1146]" targetBox="[488,1459,171,1104]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF153FF0C98DEFBF5FCE1FB1E" blockId="17.[488,1459,1126,1221]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F153FF0C98DEFBF5FDA1FBA1" bold="true" box="[488,614,1126,1146]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 12 |</emphasis>
Uncatalogued aquarium specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F153FF0C9ADEFBF4FB61FBA0" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[1000,1190,1127,1147]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F153FF0C9ADEFBF4FB61FBA0" bold="true" box="[1000,1190,1127,1147]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the rio Tapajós basin photographed alive, showing general color pattern and morphology of a male (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F153FF0C9DE9FB1FFB28FB44" bold="true" box="[1247,1263,1164,1183]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A</emphasis>
) and of a female (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F153FF0C9CA8FB1FFA6BFB44" bold="true" box="[1438,1452,1164,1183]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">B</emphasis>
) specimens. Photos by Hans Evers.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3C6603F150FF0F98DEFB8FFB24FB1E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164238" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11164238" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164238/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[488,561,1052,1072]" targetBox="[493,1442,199,1021]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF150FF0F98DEFB8FFB24FB1E" blockId="18.[487,1459,1052,1221]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F150FF0F98DEFB8FFD99FBEB" bold="true" box="[488,606,1052,1072]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 13 |</emphasis>
Specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F150FF0F9BD2FB8FFC59FBEB" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[740,926,1052,1072]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F150FF0F9BD2FB8FFC59FBEB" bold="true" box="[740,926,1052,1072]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the rio Tapajós basin photographed alive in lateral view, showing general color pattern and morphology of (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F150FF0F9ACEFBD2FBCFFB8F" bold="true" box="[1016,1032,1089,1108]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A</emphasis>
) an uncatalogued specimen from the rio Pacu with paler background color of body, (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F150FF0F9A79FBF4FC9AFBA1" bold="true" box="[847,861,1127,1146]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">B</emphasis>
) an uncatalogued specimen from igarapé Sonrisal with slightly darker background color of body, and (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F150FF0F9A6AFB1FFCADFB44" bold="true" box="[860,874,1164,1183]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C</emphasis>
) a non-type specimen (CPUFMT 8149, 1, 49.9 mm SL) from the rio Pacu with clearly darker background color of body. Photos by William Ohara.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3596500F150FF0E9B30FA8DFC94FA7D" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF150FF0F9B30FA8DFB59F9E0" blockId="18.[487,1461,1310,1595]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F150FF0F9B30FA8DFD56FAED" bold="true" box="[518,657,1310,1334]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F150FF0F9AB2FA8CFC20FAED" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[900,999,1311,1334]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F150FF0F9AB2FA8CFC20FAED" box="[900,999,1311,1334]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is formed by the junction of two words derived from the Latin ‘cara’, which means dear, beloved, and ‘mater’, meaning mother. This is a small tribute to these strong women, who work hard and are still responsible, often alone, for tenderly raising their children. The name especially honors Miriam Tencatt, Jéssica Mendonça (mother and wife of 
<collectionCode id="ED52AE4EF150FF0F9D2FFA20FBA4FA10" box="[1049,1123,1459,1483]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">LCFT</collectionCode>
, respectively), Ireide da Silva Pinto (mother of 
<collectionCode id="ED52AE4EF150FF0F9B9FFA4AFD30FA2A" box="[681,759,1497,1521]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">OLPC</collectionCode>
), Vanda Santos (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F150FF0F9A99FA4AFBF5FA2B" box="[943,1074,1497,1520]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">in memorian</emphasis>
), Roberta Murta-Fonseca (mother and wife of 
<collectionCode id="ED52AE4EF150FF0F9B5BFA6DFD5AF9CD" box="[621,669,1534,1558]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qsex-2cx1" name="Sammlung Arnhardt des Museums Schloss Wilhelmsburg Schmalkalden" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">SAS</collectionCode>
, respectively), and Edina Melo de Sousa (mother of 
<collectionCode id="ED52AE4EF150FF0F9DD2FA6DFAD9F9CD" box="[1252,1310,1534,1558]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wtb5-h9yd" name="Carolina Biological Supply Company" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">LMS</collectionCode>
), but extends to all caring mothers around the world. A noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF150FF0E9B30F9FDFC94FA7D" blockId="18.[488,1459,1646,1894]" lastBlockId="19.[487,1461,1123,1446]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F150FF0F9B30F9FDFD3CF95D" bold="true" box="[518,763,1646,1670]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Conservation status.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F150FF0F9A33F9FDFC1AF95D" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[773,989,1646,1670]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F150FF0F9A33F9FDFC1AF95D" box="[773,989,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently known from the Bacajá and Bacajaí river basins and other small tributaries of the right margin of the rio Xingu draining to Volta Grande do Xingu, plus tributaries of the rio Tapajós basin in the region of Jacareacanga, all in Pará, 
<collectingCountry id="F354761BF150FF0F9AB3F94DFC0DF92D" box="[901,970,1758,1782]" name="Brazil" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. Considering the type-locality region (rio Bacajaí), the negative effects to the ichthyofauna caused by the implementation of the Belo Monte hydroelectric complex must be closely monitored (see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B7AF150FF0F9C06F8BBFD8AF8BD" author="Keppeler FW &amp; Andrade MC &amp; Trindade PAA &amp; Sousa LM &amp; Arantes CC &amp; Winemiller KO" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="155951" refId="ref12703" refString="• Keppeler FW, Andrade MC, Trindade PAA, Sousa LM, Arantes CC, Winemiller KO et al. Early impacts of the largest Amazonian hydropower project on fish communities. Sci Total Environ. 2022; 838: 155951. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. scitotenv. 2022.155951" type="journal article" year="2022">
Keppeler 
<emphasis id="B937EA99F150FF0F9C97F8BAFE3CF8BD" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
., 2022
</bibRefCitation>
). Regarding the rio Tapajós basin population, the region of Jacareacanga is widely known by its intense gold-mining activities, which are often illegal, causing a wide range of negative impacts on nature (see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B7AF151FF0E9ACFFB1BFB29FB7A" author="de Bakker LB &amp; Gasparinetti P &amp; Queiroz JM &amp; Vasconcellos ACS" box="[1017,1262,1160,1185]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="11869" refId="ref11759" refString="• de Bakker LB, Gasparinetti P, Queiroz JM, Vasconcellos ACS. Economic impacts on human health resulting from the use of mercury in the illegal gold mining in the brazilian amazon: a methodological assessment. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021; 18 (22): 11869. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / ijerph 182211869" type="journal article" year="2021">
de Bakker 
<emphasis id="B937EA99F151FF0E9D44FB1AFB67FB7B" box="[1138,1184,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al</emphasis>
., 2021
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B7AF151FF0E9DCCFB1BFD5AFB1D" author="Bandeira Junior CM &amp; Carvalho LG" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="103597" refId="ref11877" refString="• Bandeira Junior CM, Carvalho LG. Transformations in artisanal and smallscale gold mining work and production structures in the tapajos region of Brazil's amazon. Resour Policy. 2023; 83: 103597. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. resourpol. 2023.103597" type="journal article" year="2023">Bandeira Junior, Carvalho, 2023</bibRefCitation>
). Although such negative impacts are known and worrying, there is no available evidence that they constitute a threat to the new species as a whole. Additionally, considering our findings, the Extent of Occurrence (
<collectionCode id="ED52AE4EF151FF0E9DFDFB6AFACDFACA" box="[1227,1290,1273,1297]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">EOO</collectionCode>
) was estimated at about 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF151FF0E9B7AFA8DFD03FAED" box="[588,708,1310,1334]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="km" value="30.0">30.000 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C369BC3F151FF0E9BF3FA8FFD0AFAF1" attach="right" box="[709,717,1308,1322]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">2</superScript>
, which represents a relatively large area. Therefore, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (
<collectionCode id="ED52AE4EF151FF0E9D6FFAD0FB63FA80" box="[1113,1188,1347,1371]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">IUCN</collectionCode>
) categories and criteria (
<collectionCode id="ED52AE4EF151FF0E98D9FAFAFDFDFA5A" box="[495,570,1385,1409]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">IUCN</collectionCode>
Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, 2022), 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F151FF0E9D54FAFBFAFCFA5B" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[1122,1339,1384,1408]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F151FF0E9D54FAFBFAFCFA5B" box="[1122,1339,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
would be classified as Least Concern (
<collectionCode id="ED52AE4EF151FF0E9A29FA1DFC80FA7D" box="[799,839,1422,1446]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">LC</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF3C6603F151FF0E99BEFC42FAD7FBD0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164240" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11164240" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164240/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" startId="19.[136,209,977,997]" targetBox="[143,1449,190,942]" targetPageId="19" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF151FF0E99BEFC42FAD7FBD0" blockId="19.[136,1459,977,1035]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F151FF0E99BEFC42FEC1FC3E" bold="true" box="[136,262,977,997]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">FIGURE 14 |</emphasis>
Map showing the geographical distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F151FF0E9BE1FC42FC53FC3E" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[727,916,977,997]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F151FF0E9BE1FC42FC53FC3E" bold="true" box="[727,916,977,997]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the rio Xingu basin (purple star: type-locality; white diamonds additional records), and in the rio Tapajós basin (yellow dot). Each symbol may represent more than one locality.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3596500F151FF0B9B30FA4AFC7AFD3B" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF151FF0E9B30FA4AFB5BF850" blockId="19.[487,1460,1496,1931]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F151FF0E9B30FA4AFDBEFA2A" bold="true" box="[518,633,1497,1521]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F151FF0E9BB7FA4BFC90FA2B" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[641,855,1496,1520]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F151FF0E9BB7FA4BFC90FA2B" box="[641,855,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was bred under aquarium conditions by Hans Evers, who documented its ontogenetic development from 8.0 mm to 24.0 mm TL, showing general changes in external morphology and color pattern (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF151FF0E9D48F9B0FB08F9E0" box="[1150,1231,1571,1595]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="21.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,185,1399]" captionTargetId="figure-24@21.[488,1459,185,1402]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 16 | Ontogenetic series of Corydoras caramater (bred under aquarium conditions) showing general changes in external morphology and color pattern in specimens with (A) 8.0 mm TL, (B) 10.0 mm TL; (C) 13.0 mm TL, (D) 16.0 mm TL, (E) 19.0 mm TL, and (F) 24.0 mm TL. Photos by Hans Evers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164244/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
). Specimen with 8.0 mm TL in early flexion stage (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF151FF0E9A7BF9DBFC75F9BB" box="[845,946,1608,1632]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="21.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,185,1399]" captionTargetId="figure-24@21.[488,1459,185,1402]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 16 | Ontogenetic series of Corydoras caramater (bred under aquarium conditions) showing general changes in external morphology and color pattern in specimens with (A) 8.0 mm TL, (B) 10.0 mm TL; (C) 13.0 mm TL, (D) 16.0 mm TL, (E) 19.0 mm TL, and (F) 24.0 mm TL. Photos by Hans Evers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164244/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 16A</figureCitation>
) presents head slightly depressed, with short and conspicuously rounded snout; barbels relatively short and with well-developed papillae, which will gradually become less developed along individual’s growth; eye large; median fin fold present, extending from post-cephalic region to genital opening; caudal-fin rays distinct, fin not detached from fin fold; dorsal, anal, pelvic and adipose fins not distinct; caudal-fin asymmetrical, dorsal portion distinctly longer than ventral; pectoral fin roughly rounded; body plates absent; dark brown or black chromatophores conspicuously more concentrated on anterior portion of trunk, forming a large dark patch; body covered by greenish yellow iridescent coloration.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3C6603F156FF0998DEF895FCB6F8BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164242" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11164242" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164242/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" startId="20.[488,561,1798,1818]" targetBox="[488,1459,177,1776]" targetPageId="20" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF156FF0998DEF895FCB6F8BE" blockId="20.[487,1459,1798,1893]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F156FF0998DEF895FDA3F8C1" bold="true" box="[488,612,1798,1818]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FIGURE 15 |</emphasis>
Collecting sites of 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F156FF099A14F894FC18F8C0" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[802,991,1799,1819]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F156FF099A14F894FC18F8C0" bold="true" box="[802,991,1799,1819]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, showing (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F156FF099D7CF894FB9DF8C1" bold="true" box="[1098,1114,1799,1818]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">A</emphasis>
) the rio Bacajaí, (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F156FF099C3EF894FAD1F8C1" bold="true" box="[1288,1302,1799,1818]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B</emphasis>
) a small stream tributary of the rio Bacajá, both draining to the rio Xingu, and (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F156FF099D03F8BFFB84F8E4" bold="true" box="[1077,1091,1836,1855]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C</emphasis>
) the igarapé Sonrisal, a tributary of the rio Tapajós basin, all in Pará State, Brazil.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3C6603F157FF0898DEFA02FA41FA2B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164244" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11164244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164244/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" startId="21.[488,561,1425,1445]" targetBox="[488,1459,185,1399]" targetPageId="21" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF157FF0898DEFA02FA41FA2B" blockId="21.[488,1459,1425,1520]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F157FF0898DEFA02FDA0FA7E" bold="true" box="[488,615,1425,1445]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FIGURE 16 |</emphasis>
Ontogenetic series of 
<taxonomicName id="4C434D08F157FF089A7FFA02FBC0FA7E" authorityName="Tencatt &amp; Couto &amp; Santos &amp; Sousa" authorityYear="2024" box="[841,1031,1425,1445]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caramater">
<emphasis id="B937EA99F157FF089A7FFA02FBC0FA7E" bold="true" box="[841,1031,1425,1445]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Corydoras caramater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(bred under aquarium conditions) showing general changes in external morphology and color pattern in specimens with (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F157FF089DE8FA24FB29FA11" bold="true" box="[1246,1262,1463,1482]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">A</emphasis>
) 8.0 mm TL, (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F157FF089C42FA24FA45FA11" bold="true" box="[1396,1410,1463,1482]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">B</emphasis>
) 10.0 mm TL; (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F157FF089B0CFA4FFD8FFA34" bold="true" box="[570,584,1500,1519]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">C</emphasis>
) 13.0 mm TL, (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F157FF089BF9FA4FFD18FA34" bold="true" box="[719,735,1500,1519]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">D</emphasis>
) 16.0 mm TL, (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F157FF089A50FA4FFCB3FA34" bold="true" box="[870,884,1500,1519]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">E</emphasis>
) 19.0 mm TL, and (
<emphasis id="B937EA99F157FF089D12FA4FFBF6FA34" bold="true" box="[1060,1073,1500,1519]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">F</emphasis>
) 24.0 mm TL. Photos by Hans Evers.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF157FF0B9B30F9DBFD43FDDB" blockId="21.[487,1461,1608,1894]" lastBlockId="22.[485,1461,190,736]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Specimen with 10.0 mm TL in early post-flexion stage (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF157FF089DBAF9DBFB28F9BB" box="[1164,1263,1608,1632]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="21.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,185,1399]" captionTargetId="figure-24@21.[488,1459,185,1402]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 16 | Ontogenetic series of Corydoras caramater (bred under aquarium conditions) showing general changes in external morphology and color pattern in specimens with (A) 8.0 mm TL, (B) 10.0 mm TL; (C) 13.0 mm TL, (D) 16.0 mm TL, (E) 19.0 mm TL, and (F) 24.0 mm TL. Photos by Hans Evers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164244/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 16B</figureCitation>
) displays slightly more pronounced snout, clearly more developed barbels, and reduction of median fold, with dorsal and caudal fins partially distinct; hypural plates visible by transparency; dorsal-fin rays distinct; pectoral fin slightly more developed; pelvic-fin fold partially detached; anal and adipose fins indistinct; slightly more pigmented body, with longitudinal series of diffuse dark blotches along midline of flank. Specimens with 13.0 and 16.0 mm TL, respectively, in early juvenile stage (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF157FF089DB6F8BBFAD5F89A" box="[1152,1298,1832,1857]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="21.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,185,1399]" captionTargetId="figure-24@21.[488,1459,185,1402]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 16 | Ontogenetic series of Corydoras caramater (bred under aquarium conditions) showing general changes in external morphology and color pattern in specimens with (A) 8.0 mm TL, (B) 10.0 mm TL; (C) 13.0 mm TL, (D) 16.0 mm TL, (E) 19.0 mm TL, and (F) 24.0 mm TL. Photos by Hans Evers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164244/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs. 16C, D</figureCitation>
), showing the gradual development of snout, which becomes more pronounced and pointed along individual’s growth; complete absorption of median fold; pelvic, adipose and anal fins distinct; caudal fin bilobed, with ventral lobe clearly less developed than dorsal lobe; beginning of formation of lateral body plates; body gradually more pigmented, with continuous reduction of dark patch on anterior portion of trunk; roughly longitudinal series of diffuse dark blotches along dorsal and ventral portions of flanks; oblique dark stripe from anteroventral margin of orbit to upper lip lateral area, which is initially diffuse, turning more evident afterwards, and then gradually vanishing along individual’s growth; caudal fin with somewhat transversal slender dark bars, gradually becoming more defined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC368BF154FF0B9B30FD9DFC7AFD3B" blockId="22.[485,1461,190,736]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Juvenile specimen with 19.0 mm TL (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF154FF0B9A8BFD9DFBE7FDFD" box="[957,1056,526,550]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="21.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,185,1399]" captionTargetId="figure-24@21.[488,1459,185,1402]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 16 | Ontogenetic series of Corydoras caramater (bred under aquarium conditions) showing general changes in external morphology and color pattern in specimens with (A) 8.0 mm TL, (B) 10.0 mm TL; (C) 13.0 mm TL, (D) 16.0 mm TL, (E) 19.0 mm TL, and (F) 24.0 mm TL. Photos by Hans Evers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164244/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 16E</figureCitation>
) with more developed lateral bony plates; caudal-fin ventral lobe well developed; body densely covered by dark brown or black chromatophores, forming small irregular dark blotches; longitudinal series of blotches on flanks diffuse. Color pattern and general external morphology of juvenile specimen with 
<quantity id="4CBB9B6EF154FF0B9BA4FD30FD27FD60" box="[658,736,675,699]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="24.0">24 mm</quantity>
TL (
<figureCitation id="13782A0EF154FF0B9A2EFD30FCB2FD60" box="[792,885,675,699]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="21.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,185,1399]" captionTargetId="figure-24@21.[488,1459,185,1402]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 16 | Ontogenetic series of Corydoras caramater (bred under aquarium conditions) showing general changes in external morphology and color pattern in specimens with (A) 8.0 mm TL, (B) 10.0 mm TL; (C) 13.0 mm TL, (D) 16.0 mm TL, (E) 19.0 mm TL, and (F) 24.0 mm TL. Photos by Hans Evers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11164244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11164244/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 16F</figureCitation>
) similar to fully growth specimens, but with slender body and slightly more diffuse coloration.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>