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<document id="F36A24B3FC60E44FD2D78250DDB9EE76" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8367253" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8367253" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1695303576434" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Londt, J. G. H." docDate="1978" docId="03C2A35CFFC22419624CF94EFDB3416B" docLanguage="en" docName="AnnNatalMus.23.2.419-428.pdf" docOrigin="ANNALS OF THE NATAL MUSEUM 23 (2)" docTitle="Philodieus dubius Ricardo 1921" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="422" masterDocId="FFFBDB24FFC3241A601EFFB9FFDC4477" masterDocTitle="Afrotropical Asilidae (Diptera) 2. * The genus Philodicus Loew, 1848, in southern Africa" masterLastPageNumber="428" masterPageNumber="419" pageNumber="420" updateTime="1695305142659" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="2F0E9C3EB4FD99017139ED609D37D675">Afrotropical Asilidae (Diptera) 2. * The genus Philodicus Loew, 1848, in southern Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="549304D16B19E7DDBA1981E784A21AB6">Londt, J. G. H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FDF7B2FC23BA6BECD5882B3FD4FAF3AA">Natal Museum, Pietennaritzburg, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="500B60F6232301EBE64DF3521CFEF7D6">ANNALS OF THE NATAL MUSEUM</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="EC6A45EFFB08BE2812BED98CDF901B4A">
<mods:date id="3271ACD044DC35C18B3D346281F973D3">1978</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3A1D08748E75FF0D065BA6A126AE68DB">1978-10-31</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03C2A35CFFC22419624CF94EFDB3416B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8367225" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8367225" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C2A35CFFC22419624CF94EFDB3416B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C2A35CFFC22419624CF94EFDB3416B" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="422" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">
<subSubSection id="C37141C1FFC2241B624CF94EFAFC4356" box="[594,1312,1783,1825]" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD4124AFFC2241B624CF94EFAFC4356" blockId="1.[206,1705,1783,2538]" box="[594,1312,1783,1825]" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">
<heading id="D09CA526FFC2241B624CF94EFAFC4356" box="[594,1312,1783,1825]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C6B69C9FFC2241B624CF94EFBAA4356" authority="Ricardo, 1921" authorityName="Ricardo" authorityYear="1921" box="[594,1142,1783,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Philodieus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubius">
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC2241B624CF94EFCA54356" box="[594,889,1783,1825]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">Phil odieus dubius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA6FBBFFC2241B6399F94EFBAA4356" author="RICARDO, G." box="[903,1142,1783,1825]" journalOrPublisher="Ann. Mag. nat. Hist." pageId="1" pageNumber="420" pagination="175 - 192" part="8" refId="ref4746" refString="RICARDO, G., 1921. Notes on the Asilinae of the South African and Oriental Regions. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (9) 8 (44): 175 - 192." title="Notes on the Asilinae of the South African and Oriental Regions" type="journal article" year="1921">Ricardo, 1921</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="13500ECFFFC2241B6492F94EFB2F4356" box="[1164,1267,1783,1825]" captionStart="Figs 3-8" captionStartId="2.[114,177,2358,2391]" captionTargetBox="[274,1418,291,2291]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 3-8. Ventral aspect of left clasper and paramere ofPhilodicus species. 3. P. dubills (Metsimaklaba d'). 4. P. tenuipes (Hillside ♂). 5. P. cinerascens (Namalala ♂). 6. P. swynnertoni (Nelspruit d'). 7-8. P. Jraterculus. 7. Pretoria ♂ 8. Empangeni ♂." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8367257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8367257/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13500ECFFFC2241B6510F94EFAFC4356" box="[1294,1312,1783,1825]" captionStart="Figs 9-14" captionStartId="6.[131,193,2424,2458]" captionTargetBox="[242,1485,936,2381]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 9-14. Aedeagal tips of Phi/adieus species. 9. P. dubius (Metsimaklaba J). 10. P. tenuipes (Hillside J). II. P. cineraseens (Namalala J). 12. P. swynnertani (Nelspruit 0). 13-14. P. /ratercu/us. 13. Pretoria 0. 14. Empangeni 0." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8367259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8367259/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">9</figureCitation>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37141C1FFC2241B60D1F880FBC1430D" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD4124AFFC2241B60D1F880F9C7432E" blockId="1.[206,1705,1783,2538]" box="[207,1563,1849,1881]" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7B3564FFC2241B60D1F880F9C7432E" box="[207,1563,1849,1881]" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACA345BFFC2241B60D1F880FD20432E" author="RICARDO, G." box="[207,764,1849,1881]" page="179" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" year="1921">
<taxonomicName id="4C6B69C9FFC2241B60D1F880FD20432E" ID-CoL="4G8K4" authority="Ricardo, 1921: 179" authorityName="Ricardo" authorityPageNumber="179" authorityYear="1921" box="[207,764,1849,1881]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Philodicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubius">
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC2241B60D1F880FE15432E" box="[207,457,1849,1881]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">Philodicus dubius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA6FBBFFC2241B61C8F880FD20432E" author="RICARDO, G." box="[470,764,1849,1881]" journalOrPublisher="Ann. Mag. nat. Hist." pageId="1" pageNumber="420" pagination="175 - 192" part="8" refId="ref4746" refString="RICARDO, G., 1921. Notes on the Asilinae of the South African and Oriental Regions. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (9) 8 (44): 175 - 192." title="Notes on the Asilinae of the South African and Oriental Regions" type="journal article" year="1921">Ricardo, 1921: 179</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACA345BFFC2241B6313F880FBEE432E" author="BLASDALE, P." box="[781,1074,1849,1881]" page="139" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" year="1957">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA6FBBFFC2241B6313F880FBEE432E" author="BLASDALE, P." box="[781,1074,1849,1881]" journalOrPublisher="Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (109)" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" pagination="135 - 148" part="4" refId="ref4643" refString="BLASDALE, P., 1957. The Asilidae (Diptera) of the genus Philodicus Loew in the Ethiopian Region. Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (109) 4: 135 - 148." title="The Asilidae (Diptera) of the genus Philodicus Loew in the Ethiopian Region" type="journal article" year="1957">Blasdale, 1957: 139</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
,
<collectionCode id="ED7A8A8FFFC2241B645BF880FB83432E" box="[1093,1119,1849,1881]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">PI</collectionCode>
. I, fig. 1 (
<specimenCount id="9D6DD9C3FFC2241B64E5F880FAD3432E" box="[1275,1295,1849,1881]" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
'),
<collectionCode id="ED7A8A8FFFC2241B652DF880FA8F432E" box="[1331,1363,1849,1881]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">PI</collectionCode>
. II, fig. 1 (
<specimenCount id="9D6DD9C3FFC2241B65E9F880F9D7432E" box="[1527,1547,1849,1881]" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD4124AFFC2241B60D0F8E3FBC1430D" blockId="1.[206,1705,1783,2538]" box="[206,1053,1882,1914]" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7B3564FFC2241B60D0F8E3FBC1430D" box="[206,1053,1882,1914]" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACA345BFFC2241B60D0F8E3FD22430D" author="HULL, F. M." box="[206,766,1882,1914]" page="256" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" year="1967">
<taxonomicName id="4C6B69C9FFC2241B60D0F8E3FD22430D" ID-CoL="4G8JZ" authority="Hull, 1967: 256" authorityName="Hull" authorityPageNumber="256" authorityYear="1967" box="[206,766,1882,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Philodicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="compactus">
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC2241B60D0F8E3FDDA430D" box="[206,518,1882,1914]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">Philodicus compactus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA6FBBFFC2241B620CF8E3FD22430D" author="HULL, F. M." box="[530,766,1882,1914]" journalOrPublisher="South African Animal Life" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" pagination="234 - 283" part="13" refId="ref4684" refString="HULL, F. M., 1967. Diptera (Brachycera): Asilidae. South African Animal Life 13: 234 - 283." title="Diptera (Brachycera): Asilidae" type="journal article" year="1967">Hull, 1967: 256</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
--8, fig. 6 (
<specimenCount id="9D6DD9C3FFC2241B638DF8E3FC7A430D" box="[915,934,1882,1914]" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
') syn. n.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37141C1FFC2241960E5F82AFACE45F4" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="422" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD4124AFFC2241B60E5F82AFA6C4D57" blockId="1.[206,1705,1783,2538]" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">
Blasdale (
<year id="FFC35319FFC2241B61B0F82AFE2743CA" box="[430,507,1939,1981]" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">1957</year>
)
<title id="F96FF97CFFC2241B6209F82AFD104C23" jopScore="0.06705071" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">
placed
<taxonomicName id="4C6B69C9FFC2241B628AF82AFCE943CA" authorityName="Ricardo" authorityYear="1921" box="[660,821,1939,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Philodicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubius">
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC2241B628AF82AFCE943CA" box="[660,821,1939,1981]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">P. dubius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in what he calls the
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC2241B64A6F82AFAB443CA" box="[1208,1384,1939,1981]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">aleimoides</emphasis>
group of species. This species is easily recognised as it is the largest (wing
<quantity id="4C93BFAFFFC2241B64D2F87FFA434387" box="[1228,1439,1990,2032]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.825" metricValueMax="1.95" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" unit="mm" value="18.25" valueMax="19.5" valueMin="17.0">17-19,5 mm</quantity>
) species in the group. The thorax is boldly marked in yellow and both light and dark brown. The abdomen is heavily banded
</title>
. The left clasper and paramere of one of the males available to me has been illustrated (
<figureCitation id="13500ECFFFC2241B636AF7E7FC074CFF" box="[884,987,2142,2184]" captionStart="Figs 3-8" captionStartId="2.[114,177,2358,2391]" captionTargetBox="[274,1418,291,2291]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 3-8. Ventral aspect of left clasper and paramere ofPhilodicus species. 3. P. dubills (Metsimaklaba d'). 4. P. tenuipes (Hillside ♂). 5. P. cinerascens (Namalala ♂). 6. P. swynnertoni (Nelspruit d'). 7-8. P. Jraterculus. 7. Pretoria ♂ 8. Empangeni ♂." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8367257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8367257/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) for comparison with Blasdale's (
<part id="FFCFB8D7FFC2241B6651F7E7F9464CFF" box="[1615,1690,2142,2184]" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" type="issue">1957</part>
) illustration. The differences observed may be due to different angles of viewing, individual or geographical variation. The tip of the aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="13500ECFFFC2241B655BF77DFA704C9B" box="[1349,1452,2244,2284]" captionStart="Figs 9-14" captionStartId="6.[131,193,2424,2458]" captionTargetBox="[242,1485,936,2381]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 9-14. Aedeagal tips of Phi/adieus species. 9. P. dubius (Metsimaklaba J). 10. P. tenuipes (Hillside J). II. P. cineraseens (Namalala J). 12. P. swynnertani (Nelspruit 0). 13-14. P. /ratercu/us. 13. Pretoria 0. 14. Empangeni 0." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8367259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8367259/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">
Fig.
<pagination id="B2A2ECBEFFC2241B6584F77DFA704C9B" box="[1434,1452,2244,2284]" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" type="pagination">9</pagination>
</figureCitation>
) is trifurcate, each prong being fairly thick and less than half the length of a clasper.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD4124AFFC2241B60E2F691F97A4D9D" blockId="1.[206,1705,1783,2538]" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">
Hull (
<year id="FFC35319FFC2241B617AF691FE6D4D25" box="[356,433,2344,2386]" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">1967</year>
)
<title id="F96FF97CFFC2241B61DBF691FBFF4D25" box="[453,1059,2344,2386]" jopScore="0.027178722" pageId="1" pageNumber="420" type="_" typeScore="5">
described
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC2241B6271F691FC934D25" box="[623,847,2344,2386]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">P. eompaetus</emphasis>
from a male
</title>
(
<author id="53D6FAAFFFC2241B6426F691FAC74D25" box="[1080,1307,2344,2386]" case="TC" fns="*" inm="true" npo="*" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">Tugela River</author>
) and female (Skukuza) and stated that
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC2241B61F6F6E3FD174DF3" box="[488,715,2394,2436]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">P. eompaetus</emphasis>
is related to
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC2241B63A9F6E3FBA54DF3" box="[951,1145,2394,2436]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">P. tenuipes.</emphasis>
As Hull's (1967) illustration of the lateral aspect of the male terminalia does not show any of the features used to separate species of
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC2241B622FF606FD354D9D" box="[561,745,2495,2538]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">Phi/odieus,</emphasis>
<journalOrPublisher id="51AA1886FFC2241B62E3F606F97A4D9D" box="[765,1702,2495,2538]" jopScore="0.34166667" pageId="1" pageNumber="420">Dr Danielsson (Zoological Institute, Lund, Sweden)</journalOrPublisher>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1442C2FFC12418606CF68FFB924DED" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8367257" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8367257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8367257/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="421" startId="2.[114,177,2358,2391]" targetBox="[274,1418,291,2291]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BD4124AFFC12418606CF68FFB924DED" blockId="2.[114,1599,2358,2458]" pageId="2" pageNumber="421">
Figs 3-8. Ventral aspect of left clasper and paramere of
<taxonomicName id="4C6B69C9FFC124186385F68FFB154D20" box="[923,1225,2358,2391]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Philodicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-3">
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC124186385F68FFBF24D20" box="[923,1070,2358,2391]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="421">Philodicus</emphasis>
species. 3
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C6B69C9FFC1241864C5F68FFA814D20" authorityName="Ricardo" authorityYear="1921" box="[1243,1373,2358,2391]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Philodicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubills">
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC1241864C5F68FFA814D20" box="[1243,1373,2358,2391]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="421">P. dubills</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Metsimaklaba d'). 4.
<taxonomicName id="4C6B69C9FFC12418617FF6E1FE224D0E" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1857" box="[353,510,2392,2425]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Phi" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuipes">
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC12418617FF6E1FE224D0E" box="[353,510,2392,2425]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="421">P. tenuipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Hillside ♂). 5.
<taxonomicName id="4C6B69C9FFC1241862ECF6E1FC604D0E" baseAuthorityName="Ricardo" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[754,956,2392,2425]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Philodicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinerascens">
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC1241862ECF6E1FC604D0E" box="[754,956,2392,2425]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="421">P. cinerascens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Namalala ♂). 6.
<taxonomicName id="4C6B69C9FFC1241864D1F6E1FA784D0E" authorityName="Hobby" authorityYear="1933" box="[1231,1444,2392,2425]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Phi" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="swynnertoni">
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC1241864D1F6E1FA784D0E" box="[1231,1444,2392,2425]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="421">P. swynnertoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Nelspruit d'). 7-8.
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC124186196F6C3FD884DED" box="[392,596,2426,2458]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="421">P. Jraterculus.</emphasis>
7. Pretoria ♂ 8. Empangeni ♂.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD4124AFFC0241960DCFF40FACE45F4" blockId="3.[191,1684,249,1308]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
kindly sent me the
<typeStatus id="54D0ACE8FFC024196208FF40FD704557" box="[534,684,249,288]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">holotype</typeStatus>
for study. This male is a typical
<taxonomicName id="4C6B69C9FFC0241964E5FF40FA464557" authorityName="Ricardo" authorityYear="1921" box="[1275,1434,249,288]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Philodicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubius">
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC0241964E5FF40FA464557" box="[1275,1434,249,288]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">P. dubius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and therefore I regard
<taxonomicName id="4C6B69C9FFC02419617CFE93FD964526" authorityName="Hull" authorityYear="1967" box="[354,586,298,337]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Philodicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eompaetus">
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC02419617CFE93FD964526" box="[354,586,298,337]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">P. eompaetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a synonym. The female
<typeStatus id="54D0ACE8FFC024196455FE93FB3D4526" box="[1099,1249,298,337]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">paratype</typeStatus>
has not been examined and probably it will prove to be either
<taxonomicName id="4C6B69C9FFC02419636EFEE2FBD345F4" authorityName="Ricardo" authorityYear="1921" box="[880,1039,347,387]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Philodicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubius">
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC02419636EFEE2FBD345F4" box="[880,1039,347,387]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">P. dubius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC024196450FEE2FACE45F4" box="[1102,1298,347,387]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
<taxonomicName id="4C6B69C9FFC024196450FEE2FAD645F4" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1857" box="[1102,1290,347,387]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Phi" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuipes">P. tenuipes</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37141C1FFC0241960DFFE2CFD0C47F1" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD4124AFFC0241960DFFE2CFA2C4625" blockId="3.[191,1684,249,1308]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC0241960DFFE2CFE3345CA" box="[193,495,405,445]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Material studied:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B031817FFC024196219FE2CFD6C4599" country="Botswana" location="Metsimaclaba" municipality="Mesimaklaba" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
<collectingCountry id="F37C52DAFFC024196219FE2CFD2445CA" box="[519,760,405,445]" name="Botswana" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">BOTSWANA</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="9D6DD9C3FFC02419633EFE2CFC8C45CA" box="[800,848,405,445]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB08830FFC024196370FE2CFB8B45CA" box="[878,1111,405,445]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Mesimaklaba</collectingMunicipality>
(=
<location id="8EB44491FFC0241964B0FE2CFA7B45CA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C2A35CFFC22419624CF94EFDB3416B:8EB44491FFC0241964B0FE2CFA7B45CA" box="[1198,1447,405,445]" country="Botswana" municipality="Mesimaklaba" name="Metsimaclaba" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Metsimaclaba</location>
), V.-L. Kol. Exp., 7-12.111.1930 (N. M.).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B031817FFC0241962D4FE7EFDF54625" collectingDate="1972-12-09" collectorName="P. Stuckenberg" country="South Africa" location="Kruger National Park" municipality="Transvaal" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<collectingCountry id="F37C52DAFFC0241962D4FE7EFBC94599" box="[714,1045,455,494]" name="South Africa" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB08830FFC024196422FE7EFB374599" box="[1084,1259,455,494]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Transvaal</collectingMunicipality>
,
<specimenCount id="9D6DD9C3FFC024196512FE7EFAE54599" box="[1292,1337,455,494]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<location id="8EB44491FFC024196574FE7EFECE4657" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C2A35CFFC22419624CF94EFDB3416B:8EB44491FFC024196574FE7EFECE4657" country="South Africa" municipality="Transvaal" name="Kruger National Park" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Kruger National Park</location>
,
<location id="8EB44491FFC024196128FE40FD4B4657" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C2A35CFFC22419624CF94EFDB3416B:8EB44491FFC024196128FE40FD4B4657" box="[310,663,505,544]" country="South Africa" municipality="Transvaal" name="Lower Sabie Camp" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Lower Sabie Camp</location>
area, open savanna &amp; riverbanks
<date id="FFD5348AFFC024196533FE40FA394657" box="[1325,1509,505,544]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" value="1972-12-09">
<collectingDate id="EF91CD62FFC024196533FE40FA394657" box="[1325,1509,505,544]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" value="1972-12-09">9.XII.1972</collectingDate>
</date>
, B &amp;
<collectorName id="269E779CFFC02419666EFE40FE4B4625" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">P. Stuckenberg</collectorName>
(N. M.).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B031817FFC024196225FD93FA2C4625" box="[571,1520,554,594]" collectorName="B. Lebried" country="Mozambique" location="Quendri" municipality="Quendri" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="type">
<collectingCountry id="F37C52DAFFC024196225FD93FCAE4625" box="[571,882,554,594]" name="Mozambique" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">MOZAMBIQUE</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="9D6DD9C3FFC024196395FD93FC1B4625" box="[907,967,554,594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<author id="53D6FAAFFFC0241963C0FD93FB744625" box="[990,1192,554,594]" case="TC" fns="I" in="B ." ins="D" ln="Quendri" lnc="TC" npo="LnFn" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB08830FFC0241963C0FD93FBB64625" box="[990,1130,554,594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Quendri</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName id="269E779CFFC024196499FD93FAE34625" box="[1159,1343,554,594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
B.
<journalOrPublisher id="51AA1886FFC0241964A3FD93FA3B4625" box="[1213,1511,554,594]" jopScore="0.027019575" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Lebried (S. A. M.)</journalOrPublisher>
</collectorName>
</author>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD4124AFFC0241960DCFDDCFC0946C9" blockId="3.[191,1684,249,1308]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
<materialsCitation id="3B031817FFC0241960DCFDDCFC2C46FA" box="[194,1008,613,653]" collectorName="B. Lebried" country="South Africa" location="Natal" municipality="Quendri" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC0241960DCFDDCFE6746FA" box="[194,443,613,653]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
<typeStatus id="54D0ACE8FFC0241960DCFDDCFECF46FA" box="[194,275,613,653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Type</typeStatus>
material:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F37C52DAFFC0241961D3FDDCFCC746FA" box="[461,795,613,653]" name="South Africa" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="8EB44491FFC02419632CFDDCFC4C46FA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C2A35CFFC22419624CF94EFDB3416B:8EB44491FFC02419632CFDDCFC4C46FA" box="[818,912,613,653]" country="South Africa" municipality="Quendri" name="Natal" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Natal</location>
,
<specimenCount id="9D6DD9C3FFC0241963AEFDDCFC3746FA" box="[944,1003,613,653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B031817FFC024196419FDDCFC0946C9" collectorName="B. Lebried" country="South Africa" location="Natal" municipality="Quendri" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<specimenCount id="9D6DD9C3FFC024196419FDDCFBE546FA" box="[1031,1081,613,653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<typeStatus id="54D0ACE8FFC02419644CFDDCFB3046FA" box="[1106,1260,613,653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">syntypes</typeStatus>
),
<location id="8EB44491FFC02419650FFDDCFA1246FA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C2A35CFFC22419624CF94EFDB3416B:8EB44491FFC02419650FFDDCFA1246FA" box="[1297,1486,613,653]" country="South Africa" municipality="Quendri" name="M'Fongosi" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">M'Fongosi</location>
,
<location id="8EB44491FFC0241965F4FDDCFE4F46C9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C2A35CFFC22419624CF94EFDB3416B:8EB44491FFC0241965F4FDDCFE4F46C9" country="South Africa" municipality="Quendri" name="Zululand, W. E. Jones" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Zululand, W. E. Jones</location>
, 111.1911 (S.A.M.) (not studied).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD4124AFFC0241960F7FD71FD0C47F1" blockId="3.[191,1684,249,1308]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
Types of
<taxonomicName id="4C6B69C9FFC02419618FFD71FDA44687" authorityName="Hull" authorityYear="1967" box="[401,632,712,752]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Philodicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eompaetus">
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC02419618FFD71FDA44687" box="[401,632,712,752]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">P. eompaetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are from
<collectingCountry id="F37C52DAFFC02419632BFD71FBA74687" box="[821,1147,712,752]" name="South Africa" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
:
<author id="53D6FAAFFFC024196480FD71FAFB4687" box="[1182,1319,712,752]" case="TC" fns="I" in="I" ins="U" ln="Natal" lnc="TC" npo="LnFn" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Natal, I</author>
<specimenCount id="9D6DD9C3FFC02419655EFD71FA854687" box="[1344,1369,712,752]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54D0ACE8FFC024196575FD71F9DD4687" box="[1387,1537,712,752]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">holotype</typeStatus>
, Tugela River,
<quantity id="4C93BFAFFFC024196124FD43FE434756" box="[314,415,762,801]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9312128" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" unit="mi" value="12.0">12 mi.</quantity>
, N.W. Bergville, 31.111.
<year id="FFC35319FFC024196358FD43FC554756" box="[838,905,762,801]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">1951</year>
,
<journalOrPublisher id="51AA1886FFC0241963B9FD43FA2C4723" jopScore="1.0397205" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="_" typeScore="6">
loc. no. 255, Brinck &amp; Rudebeck (E. M.L.); Transvaal, I
<specimenCount id="9D6DD9C3FFC0241961B1FC94FE184723" box="[431,452,813,852]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54D0ACE8FFC0241961C8FC94FDB14723" box="[470,621,813,852]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">paratype</typeStatus>
, Kruger National Park, Skukuza, 29.1
<date id="FFD5348AFFC024196533FC94FA414723" box="[1325,1437,813,852]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" value="1951-05">
<collectionCode id="ED7A8A8FFFC024196533FC94FA964723" box="[1325,1354,813,852]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 1951
</date>
loc.
</journalOrPublisher>
no.
<part id="FFCFB8D7FFC024196650FC94F95A4723" box="[1614,1670,813,852]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="numero">283</part>
, Brinck &amp; Rudebeck (E.M. L.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37141C1FFC0241960F4FC36FDB3416B" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD4124AFFC0241960F4FC36FB6F4008" blockId="3.[191,1684,249,1308]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
As Ricardo (
<year id="FFC35319FFC0241961D0FC36FDC647C0" box="[462,538,911,951]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">1921</year>
)
<title id="F96FF97CFFC024196223FC36FB79479E" jopScore="0.010504546" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
did not designate a
<typeStatus id="54D0ACE8FFC0241963BCFC36FBEA47C0" box="[930,1078,911,951]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">holotype</typeStatus>
and Blasdale (I 957) did not erect a
<typeStatus id="54D0ACE8FFC0241960FDFC78FEA1479E" box="[227,381,961,1001]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">lectotype</typeStatus>
I hereby select the M'Fongosi male in the S.A
</title>
.
<journalOrPublisher id="51AA1886FFC0241964ABFC78FD8C403A" jopScore="0.02215102" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
M., determined by Ricardo, as
<typeStatus id="54D0ACE8FFC0241960E8FC4AFE4C406C" box="[246,400,1011,1051]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">lectotype</typeStatus>
and the female as
<typeStatus id="54D0ACE8FFC0241962EFFC4AFC06406C" box="[753,986,1011,1051]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">paralectotype</typeStatus>
. Dr
<collectionCode id="ED7A8A8FFFC024196427FC4AFB89406C" box="[1081,1109,1011,1051]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. B. Whitehead informs me that there are an additional
</journalOrPublisher>
<specimenCount id="9D6DD9C3FFC02419627FFB9CFD47403A" box="[609,667,1061,1101]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="male">
<part id="FFCFB8D7FFC02419627FFB9CFDAC403A" box="[609,624,1061,1101]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="volume">3</part>
♂
</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D6DD9C3FFC0241962B5FB9CFD3D403A" box="[683,737,1061,1101]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="female">
<pagination id="B2A2ECBEFFC0241962B5FB9CFD67403A" box="[683,699,1061,1101]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="pagination">3</pagination>
♀
</specimenCount>
in the S.A.M. bearing the same data as the
<typeStatus id="54D0ACE8FFC0241965E6FB9CF954403A" box="[1528,1672,1061,1101]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">syntypes</typeStatus>
. These specimens were apparently not studied by Ricardo.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD4124AFFC0241960A1FB28FDB3416B" blockId="3.[191,1684,249,1308]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC0241960A1FB28FEC140CF" box="[191,285,1169,1208]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Prey:</emphasis>
The Kruger Park female is pinned together with its prey, which is another species of
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC02419616BFB7AFCCE409D" box="[373,786,1219,1258]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
Philodieus (
<taxonomicName id="4C6B69C9FFC024196225FB7AFD23409D" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1857" box="[571,767,1219,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Phi" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuipes">P. tenuipes</taxonomicName>
).
</emphasis>
Presumably the large size of
<taxonomicName id="4C6B69C9FFC02419653FFB7AFA1D409D" authorityName="Ricardo" authorityYear="1921" box="[1313,1473,1219,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Philodicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubius">
<emphasis id="B91FCE58FFC02419653FFB7AFA1D409D" box="[1313,1473,1219,1258]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">P. dubius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
allows it to feed on smaller AsiJidae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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