178 lines
21 KiB
XML
178 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="79872E134DDDB214A398F45B4744FDE1" ID-CLB-Dataset="55605" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2022.796.1665" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9c3fa32d-4320-4170-83e3-a5c045a4ba68" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6299440" ID-ZooBank="76C5C9C4-C6C1-4EDC-8FF8-9828A6EF2040" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1645806766983" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Dörfel, Thorleif H. & Ohl, Michael" docDate="2022" docId="03C20928FFE8FFDA424012FF3D1D0B8A" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-796_1-170.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 796 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.796.1665" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Sphex gaullei Berland 1927" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="122" masterDocId="FFFB7150FF91FFA3402F11183C4D0C62" masterDocTitle="The wasp genus Sphex in Sub-Saharan Africa (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae)" masterLastPageNumber="170" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="122" updateTime="1699316566514" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="224341BE0BA87DF9799DE7D147B2E6A2">The wasp genus Sphex in Sub-Saharan Africa (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1E4E8831F3D94461AB02C9C4FAFA095C">Dörfel, Thorleif H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="581FAE63318FE489F3496E1BB4D9881C">Museum für Naturkunde, Invalidenstrasse 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DEEFAF4CEB32863584A1801A45FE478F" type="email">thorleif.doerfel@mfn.berlin</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="80456C28D519A8F3696A970C2ACEC755">Ohl, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C74C8EE7FE95526C48DAF04DF7563FBE">Museum für Naturkunde, Invalidenstrasse 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="71B23C959E4AC1B5423096C616DC5F7B" type="email">michael.ohl@mfn.berlin</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="8F238FDBE220617A36742D4098429E82">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="06720E9F73C2DB70F49E1F069414308B">
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<mods:date id="E794D1534161DF946E00B7BA0BD65B28">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03C20928FFE8FFDA424012FF3D1D0B8A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6535803" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195296800" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6535803" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C20928FFE8FFDA424012FF3D1D0B8A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C20928FFE8FFDA424012FF3D1D0B8A" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
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<subSubSection id="C371EBB5FFE8FFDA424012FF3F890860" box="[623,964,999,1026]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD4B83EFFE8FFDA424012FF3F890860" blockId="121.[623,964,999,1026]" box="[623,964,999,1026]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
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<heading id="D09C0F52FFE8FFDA424012FF3F890860" box="[623,964,999,1026]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA424012FF3F890860" bold="true" box="[623,964,999,1026]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
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Species of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA430F12FF3F3E0860" authorityName="Berland" authorityYear="1927" box="[800,883,999,1026]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaullei">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA430F12FF3F3E0860" bold="true" box="[800,883,999,1026]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">gaullei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C371EBB5FFE8FFDA409215313D1D0B8A" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD4B83EFFE8FFDA409215313E410805" blockId="121.[189,1399,1065,1127]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
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The
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA40DE15313D0F0821" authorityName="Berland" authorityYear="1927" box="[241,322,1065,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaullei">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA40DE15313D0F0821" box="[241,322,1065,1091]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">gaullei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group contains the following five species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA431C15313FA30821" authorityName="Kohl" authorityYear="1895" box="[819,1006,1065,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decipiens">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA431C15313FA30821" box="[819,1006,1065,1091]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Sphex decipiens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA43D4153138240821" authorityName="Berland" authorityYear="1927" box="[1019,1129,1065,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaullei">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA43D4153138240821" box="[1019,1129,1065,1091]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">S. gaullei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA4458153138940821" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1910" box="[1143,1241,1065,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jansei">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA4458153138940821" box="[1143,1241,1065,1091]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">S. jansei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA44C91531393A0821" authorityName="Germar" authorityYear="1817" box="[1254,1399,1065,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosus">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA44C91531393A0821" box="[1254,1399,1065,1091]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">S. pruinosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA40C015543DE70804" authority="Dörfel & Ohl, 2022" authorityName="Dörfel & Ohl" authorityYear="2022" box="[239,426,1100,1126]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schmideggeri" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA40C015543DE70804" box="[239,426,1100,1126]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">S. schmideggeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22CD957FFE8FFDA419E15553E410805" box="[433,524,1101,1127]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD4B83EFFE8FFDA409215923F4D09DC" blockId="121.[188,1401,1162,1470]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
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Members of this group can be recognized through a combination of anteriorly-oriented, curved erect propodeal setae and a convex scutellum. The orientation of the setae is best visible near the lateral margins of the propodeal enclosure and separates this group from the
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA440B15C838DB0888" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1916" box="[1060,1174,1232,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umtalicus">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA440B15C838DB0888" box="[1060,1174,1232,1258]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">umtalicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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- and
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA44CD15C8393B0888" authorityName="Ruspolia" baseAuthorityName="Arnold" baseAuthorityYear="1947" box="[1250,1398,1232,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA44CD15C8393B0888" box="[1250,1398,1232,1258]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">meridionalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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groups, where the erect propodeal setae are oriented perpendicularly but slightly curved towards anterior as well. Almost all of the species of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA4287140E3EB40952" authorityName="Berland" authorityYear="1927" box="[680,761,1302,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaullei">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA4287140E3EB40952" box="[680,761,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">gaullei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group can still be distinguished through their silvery or golden propodeal setae, whereas most members of the other two groups have them black.
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA451F14223D610915" authorityName="Kohl" authorityYear="1895" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decipiens">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA451F14223D610915" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Sphex decipiens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a notable exception and can thus easily be mistaken as belonging to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA44A01445396E0915" authorityName="Ruspolia" baseAuthorityName="Arnold" baseAuthorityYear="1947" box="[1167,1315,1373,1399]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA44A01445396E0915" box="[1167,1315,1373,1399]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">meridionalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group, since, in accordance with the members of that group, it lacks the very dense and coarse setae on the scutellum that are present in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA421514BB3EE109DF" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1916" box="[570,684,1443,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umtalicus">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA421514BB3EE109DF" box="[570,684,1443,1469]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">umtalicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD4B83EFFE8FFDA409214F93D1D0B8A" blockId="121.[188,1401,1505,2024]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
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The presence of a convex scutellum can be used to delimit members of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA441C14F938C90999" authorityName="Berland" authorityYear="1927" box="[1075,1156,1505,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaullei">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA441C14F938C90999" box="[1075,1156,1505,1531]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">gaullei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group from those of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA40C7171D3D0F0A7C" box="[232,322,1541,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satanas">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA40C7171D3D0F0A7C" box="[232,322,1541,1566]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">satanas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group, which share the presence of anteriorly-oriented erect propodeal setae. The difference between the two is very easily recognizable in females (
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<figureCitation id="1350A4BBFFE8FFDA436B173F3FE40A20" box="[836,937,1575,1602]" captionStart="Figs 1–6. 1–3" captionStartId="13.[189,241,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[200,1398,265,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-74@13.[200,1398,265,1863]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figs 1–6. 1–3. Dorsal view of propodeal setae in different orientation. 4. Lateral view of thoracic dorsum. 5–6. Lateral view of scutellum and metanotum. 1. Sphex pseudopraedator sp. nov., ♀. 2. S. jansei Cameron, 1910, ♂. 3–4. S. umtalicus Strand, 1916, ♀. 5. S. rufoclypeatus sp. nov., ♀. 6. S. gaullei Berland, 1927, ♀." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6299442" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6299442/files/figure.png" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Fig. 5–6</figureCitation>
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), but less pronounced in males. Most of them can be distinguished through the color of the clypeus and the color and density of its vestiture, as all males of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA415617773D9E0AEA" box="[377,467,1647,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satanas">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA415617773D9E0AEA" box="[377,467,1647,1672]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">satanas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group have the clypeus black (sometimes with the exception of having the free margin ferruginous) and the appressed and erect setae silvery-white without any conspicuous glabrous spots. In contrast,
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA41A117AD3DBD0AAC" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1910" box="[398,496,1717,1743]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jansei">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA41A117AD3DBD0AAC" box="[398,496,1717,1743]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">S. jansei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA41D017AD3E210AAC" authorityName="Berland" authorityYear="1927" box="[511,620,1716,1743]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaullei">
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<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA41D017AD3E210AAC" box="[511,620,1716,1743]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">S. gaullei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA428D17AD3F110AAC" authority="Dörfel & Ohl, 2022" authorityName="Dörfel & Ohl" authorityYear="2022" box="[674,860,1716,1743]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schmideggeri" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA428D17AD3F110AAC" box="[674,860,1716,1743]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">S. schmideggeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22CD957FFE8FFDA434C17AD3FF10AAD" box="[867,956,1717,1743]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
have approximately the lower clypeal half brightly ferruginous, and the first two of them also sport golden erect facial setae.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA449517CF393A0A93" authorityName="Kohl" authorityYear="1895" box="[1210,1399,1751,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decipiens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA449517CF393A0A93" box="[1210,1399,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Sphex decipiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the clypeus uniformly black, but its erect facial setae are also black in contrast to the silvery-white setae of the males in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA41DF16073E070B5A" box="[496,586,1823,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satanas">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA41DF16073E070B5A" box="[496,586,1823,1848]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">satanas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group. In addition, all males from the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA440E1606383F0B5A" authorityName="Berland" authorityYear="1927" box="[1057,1138,1822,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaullei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA440E1606383F0B5A" box="[1057,1138,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">gaullei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group have a notable glabrous area on the central and lower part of the clypeus, with one exception. The clypeus of male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA4092167D3D1D0B1C" authorityName="Germar" authorityYear="1817" box="[189,336,1893,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA4092167D3D1D0B1C" box="[189,336,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">S. pruinosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles that of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6BC3BDFFE8FFDA4271167D3EF50B1C" box="[606,696,1893,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satanas">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91F642CFFE8FFDA4271167D3EF50B1C" box="[606,696,1893,1918]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">satanas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group members, so the easiest character for distinguishing this species is its elongated petiole, the length of which is around 3.5× its medial width (see Introduction for measurement details). In comparison, this coefficient is between 1.6 and 2.8 for all other males from both groups.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |