464 lines
58 KiB
XML
464 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="2B01C8C458EF3807C74872072F125197" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2017.1324050" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5181888" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628698566541" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Schmitter-Soto, Juan J." docDate="2017" docId="03806F39C941FFFDFE75FBF3D05FFD83" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.51.23-24.1331-1424.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 51 (21 - 24)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2017.1324050" docStyle="DocumentStyle:485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73.9:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Astyanax aeneus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="1356" masterDocId="FFB91741C957FFE7FFBEFFB5D316FFA7" masterDocTitle="A revision of Astyanax (Characiformes: Characidae) in Central and North America, with the description of nine new species" masterLastPageNumber="1424" masterPageNumber="1331" pageNumber="1352" updateTime="1699050015946" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="CD4CB6CDAFA4FC51B1CCDCB23F92CB51">A revision of Astyanax (Characiformes: Characidae) in Central and North America, with the description of nine new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CA52044D0561CBEC99CF63513958B084">Schmitter-Soto, Juan J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="0293126C192627B35F5332049A685774">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="96D9BCA4EF26CB53CD8AB6597466E7B0">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="C0EC46551D890E9106EDBE49C92FF5E5">J. Nat. Hist.</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="D0FFC6B58FF2317705AA0594B793EB53">2017-07-03</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CC3743299B6C47E08D30747A80403551">51</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1783EB8A5A9FAED90BEFE04FFE7429E7">21 - 24</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03806F39C941FFFDFE75FBF3D05FFD83" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03806F39C941FFFDFE75FBF3D05FFD83" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03806F39C941FFFDFE75FBF3D05FFD83" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="1356" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">
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<subSubSection id="C3338DA4C941FFF1FE75FBF3D04FFBC7" box="[459,857,1094,1120]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC941FFF1FE75FBF3D04FFBC7" blockId="22.[459,857,1094,1154]" box="[459,857,1094,1120]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">
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<heading id="D0DE6943C941FFF1FE75FBF3D04FFBC7" box="[459,857,1094,1120]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC941FFF1FE75FBF3D04FFBC7" ID-CoL="J5PT" authority="(Gunther 1860)" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[459,857,1094,1120]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aeneus">
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<emphasis id="B95D023DC941FFF1FE75FBF3D18AFBC7" bold="true" box="[459,668,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">Astyanax aeneus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB8A3DEC941FFF1FD15FBF2D046FBC7" author="Gunther A" box="[683,848,1095,1120]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" pagination="316 - 319" refId="ref47587" refString="Gunther A. 1860. On new reptiles and fishes from Mexico. Proc Gen Meet Sci Business Zool Soc London. 1860: 316 - 319." type="journal article" year="1860">Günther 1860</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3338DA4C941FFF1FE44FBDCD03FFB25" box="[506,809,1129,1154]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC941FFF1FE44FBDCD03FFB25" blockId="22.[459,857,1094,1154]" box="[506,809,1129,1154]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1312C2AAC941FFF1FDBCFBDCD179FB25" box="[514,623,1129,1154]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="11.[158,223,1002,1025]" captionTargetBox="[161,1149,545,970]" captionTargetId="figure-80@11.[160,1150,544,971]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 3. (a) A supraoccipital caudal process, long, narrow-based (Astyanax aeneus, UMMZ 178568); (b) shorter, wide-based (A. brevimanus, UMMZ 173731)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5181895/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">Figures 3</figureCitation>
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(a), 5(b), 13–15)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3338DA4C941FFF1FF1EFB06D011FADE" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC941FFF1FF1EFB06D19CFB6C" blockId="22.[160,1020,1203,1435]" box="[160,650,1203,1227]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB39F901C941FFF1FF1EFB06D19CFB6C" box="[160,650,1203,1227]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A88F83EC941FFF1FF1EFB06D191FB6C" author="Gunther A" box="[160,647,1203,1227]" page="319" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" year="1860">
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<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC941FFF1FF1EFB06D191FB6C" ID-CoL="55N5H" authority="Gunther 1860: 319" authorityName="Gunther" authorityPageNumber="319" authorityYear="1860" box="[160,647,1203,1227]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Tetragonopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aeneus">
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<emphasis id="B95D023DC941FFF1FF1EFB06D2B1FB6C" box="[160,423,1203,1227]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">Tetragonopterus aeneus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB8A3DEC941FFF1FE0EFB06D191FB6C" author="Gunther A" box="[432,647,1203,1227]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" pagination="316 - 319" refId="ref47587" refString="Gunther A. 1860. On new reptiles and fishes from Mexico. Proc Gen Meet Sci Business Zool Soc London. 1860: 316 - 319." type="journal article" year="1860">Günther 1860: 319</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC941FFF1FF1EFB63D03BFB49" blockId="22.[160,1020,1203,1435]" box="[160,813,1238,1262]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB39F901C941FFF1FF1EFB63D03BFB49" box="[160,813,1238,1262]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">
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<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC941FFF1FF1EFB63D2B2FB49" ID-CoL="J5PT" authorityName="Schmitter-Soto" authorityYear="2017" box="[160,420,1238,1262]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="rutilus" status="comb. nov." subSpecies="aeneus">
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<emphasis id="B95D023DC941FFF1FF1EFB63D2B2FB49" box="[160,420,1238,1262]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">Astyanax rutilus aeneus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26EBF46C941FFF1FE0CFB63D125FB49" box="[434,563,1238,1262]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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,
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A88F83EC941FFF1FD81FB63D03CFB49" author="Eigenmann CH" box="[575,810,1238,1262]" page="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" year="1908">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB8A3DEC941FFF1FD81FB63D03CFB49" author="Eigenmann CH" box="[575,810,1238,1262]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" pagination="91 - 106" refId="ref47281" refString="Eigenmann CH. 1908. Preliminary descriptions of new genera and species of tetragonopterid characins. Zoological Results of the Thayer Brazilian expedition. Bull Mus Comp Zool. 52: 91 - 106." type="journal article" year="1908">Eigenmann 1908: 24</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC941FFF1FF1EFB4CD19AFA94" blockId="22.[160,1020,1203,1435]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB39F901C941FFF1FF1EFB4CD19AFA94" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">
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<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC941FFF1FF1EFB4CD173FAB6" ID-CoL="J5PT" authority="Gunther 1860" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1860" box="[160,613,1273,1297]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="fasciatus" status="comb. nov." subSpecies="aeneus">
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||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC941FFF1FF1EFB4CD2D6FAB6" box="[160,448,1273,1297]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">Astyanax fasciatus aeneus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB8A3DEC941FFF1FE77FB4CD173FAB6" author="Gunther A" box="[457,613,1273,1297]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" pagination="316 - 319" refId="ref47587" refString="Gunther A. 1860. On new reptiles and fishes from Mexico. Proc Gen Meet Sci Business Zool Soc London. 1860: 316 - 319." type="journal article" year="1860">Günther 1860</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26EBF46C941FFF1FDCDFB4CD1E2FAB6" box="[627,756,1273,1297]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
,
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A88F83EC941FFF1FCBEFB4CD0EFFAB6" author="Eigenmann CH" box="[768,1017,1273,1297]" page="306" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" year="1921">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8A3DEC941FFF1FCBEFB4CD0EFFAB6" author="Eigenmann CH" box="[768,1017,1273,1297]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" pagination="209 - 310" refId="ref47345" refString="Eigenmann CH. 1921. The American Characidae. Part 3. Mem Mus Comp Zool. 43: 209 - 310." type="journal article" year="1921">Eigenmann 1921: 306</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A88F83EC941FFF1FF1EFAAED19EFA94" author="Gunther A" box="[160,648,1307,1331]" page="327" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" year="1864">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC941FFF1FF1EFAAED19EFA94" ID-CoL="55N73" authority="Gunther 1864: 327" authorityName="Gunther" authorityPageNumber="327" authorityYear="1864" box="[160,648,1307,1331]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Tetragonopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humilis">
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||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC941FFF1FF1EFAAED2BFFA94" box="[160,425,1307,1331]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">Tetragonopterus humilis</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8A3DEC941FFF1FE0CFAAED19EFA94" author="Gunther A" box="[434,648,1307,1331]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" refId="ref47615" refString="Gunther A. 1864. Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Physostomi, containing the families Siluridae, Characinidae, Haplochitonidae, Sternoptychidae, Scopelidae, Stomiatidae in the collection of the British Museum. Volume 5. London: British Museum of Natural History." type="book" year="1864">Günther 1864: 327</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC941FFF1FF1EFA8BD1E6FAF1" blockId="22.[160,1020,1203,1435]" box="[160,752,1342,1366]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB39F901C941FFF1FF1EFA8BD1E6FAF1" box="[160,752,1342,1366]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A88F83EC941FFF1FF1EFA8BD1FAFAF1" author="Gunther A" box="[160,748,1342,1366]" page="324" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" year="1864">
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<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC941FFF1FF1EFA8BD1FAFAF1" ID-CoL="55N7S" authority="Gunther 1864: 324" authorityName="Gunther" authorityPageNumber="324" authorityYear="1864" box="[160,748,1342,1366]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Tetragonopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microphthalmus">
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||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC941FFF1FF1EFA8BD11BFAF1" box="[160,525,1342,1366]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">Tetragonopterus microphthalmus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8A3DEC941FFF1FDA8FA8BD1FAFAF1" author="Gunther A" box="[534,748,1342,1366]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" refId="ref47615" refString="Gunther A. 1864. Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Physostomi, containing the families Siluridae, Characinidae, Haplochitonidae, Sternoptychidae, Scopelidae, Stomiatidae in the collection of the British Museum. Volume 5. London: British Museum of Natural History." type="book" year="1864">Günther 1864: 324</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC941FFF1FF1EFAD4D011FADE" blockId="22.[160,1020,1203,1435]" box="[160,775,1377,1401]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC941FFF1FF1EFAD4D27DFADE" ID-CoL="J5RN" baseAuthorityName="Contreras-Balderas and Lozano-Vilano" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[160,363,1377,1401]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC941FFF1FF1EFAD4D27DFADE" box="[160,363,1377,1401]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">Astyanax fasciatus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
non Cuvier, Martínez-Ramírez 2000.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3338DA4C941FFF1FF1EFA36D16FFA3C" box="[160,633,1411,1435]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC941FFF1FF1EFA36D16FFA3C" blockId="22.[160,1020,1203,1435]" box="[160,633,1411,1435]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC941FFF1FF1EFA36D257FA3C" box="[160,321,1411,1435]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC941FFF1FF1EFA36D215FA3C" box="[160,259,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">Astyanax</emphasis>
|
||
sp. 1
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8A3DEC941FFF1FEEEFA36D165FA3C" author="Ornelas-Garcia CP & Dominguez-Dominguez O & Doadrio I" box="[336,627,1411,1435]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" pagination="340" refId="ref48693" refString="Ornelas-Garcia CP, Dominguez-Dominguez O, Doadrio I. 2008. Evolutionary history of the fish genus Astyanax Baird and Girard 1854 (Actinopterygii, Characidae) in Mesoamerica reveals multiple morphological homoplasies. BMC Evol Biol. 8: 340." type="journal article" year="2008">Ornelas-García et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3338DA4C941FFF0FF1EFA7DD742FF6E" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="1353" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC941FFF1FF1EFA7DD202FA46" blockId="22.[160,1156,1480,1678]" box="[160,276,1480,1505]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC941FFF1FF1EFA7DD202FA46" bold="true" box="[160,276,1480,1505]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC941FFF0FF1EFA5ED742FF6E" blockId="22.[160,1156,1480,1678]" lastBlockId="23.[160,1155,142,201]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="1353" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">
|
||
Diagnosed from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC941FFF1FE09FA5ED16CF9A4" box="[439,634,1515,1539]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC941FFF1FE09FA5ED10CF9A4" box="[439,538,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">Astyanax</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in northern Middle America and southern
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||
<collectingCountry id="F33E9EBFC941FFF1FF1EF9BBD3E6F981" box="[160,240,1550,1574]" name="Mexico" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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||
as follows: total gill rakers on first arch, mean 20–21 (mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CD173CAC941FFF1FC1DF9BBD712F981" box="[931,1028,1550,1574]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.968999999999999" metricValueMax="6.35" metricValueMin="5.588" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" unit="in" value="23.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="22.0">22–25 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC941FFF1FBB3F9BBD3C0F9EE" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC941FFF1FBB3F9BBD3C0F9EE" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">A. angustifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC941FFF1FEA3F984D2BFF9EE" box="[285,425,1585,1609]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caballeroi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC941FFF1FEA3F984D2BFF9EE" box="[285,425,1585,1609]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">A. caballeroi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; also southern populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC941FFF1FC9FF984D086F9EE" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1860" box="[801,912,1585,1609]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Tetragonopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aeneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC941FFF1FC9FF984D086F9EE" box="[801,912,1585,1609]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">A. aeneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may have a higher number of gill rakers); longest dorsal-fin ray, mean 25.4% SL (mean 23.6%, in
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC941FFF1FBD0F9E6D3EBF929" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">
|
||
A.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC941FFF1FF1EF9C3D3BBF929" bold="true" box="[160,173,1654,1678]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1352">fi</emphasis>
|
||
nitimus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
); distance between origins of pelvic and anal fins, 18–22, mean 20.2% SL (16–19, mean 17.4%, in
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC940FFF0FE79FF3BD151FF01" box="[455,583,142,166]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1353">
|
||
A.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC940FFF0FE54FF3BD2E1FF01" bold="true" box="[490,503,142,166]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1353">fi</emphasis>
|
||
nitimus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
); supraoccipital in lateral view, usually caudally concave (vs usually angled); ceratohyal foramen, comet-shaped or absent (vs oval).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3338DA4C940FFFFFF1EFF40D736FBB5" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="1354" pageId="23" pageNumber="1353" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC940FFF0FF1EFF40D256FEA9" blockId="23.[160,1157,245,1726]" box="[160,320,245,270]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1353">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC940FFF0FF1EFF40D256FEA9" bold="true" box="[160,320,245,270]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1353">Redescription</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC940FFF0FF1EFEACD793FE96" blockId="23.[160,1157,245,1726]" box="[160,1157,281,305]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1353">
|
||
A species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC940FFF0FE92FEACD299FE96" authorityName="Baird and Girard" authorityYear="1854" box="[300,399,281,305]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC940FFF0FE92FEACD299FE96" box="[300,399,281,305]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1353">Astyanax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC940FFF0FDB1FEACD164FE96" authorityName="Baird and Girard" authorityYear="1854" box="[527,626,281,305]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="1353" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC940FFF0FDB1FEACD164FE96" box="[527,626,281,305]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1353">Astyanax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(i.e. with a complete predorsal series of scales).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC940FFF0FF7EFE89D29DFE3E" blockId="23.[160,1157,245,1726]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1353">Head profile straight to concave; snout round or squarish. Lips even, mouth terminal. Pectoral fins may reach pelvic fin origin; anal and dorsal fins may overlap. Lobes of caudal fin, subequal.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC940FFF0FF7EFE11D76EFD2C" blockId="23.[160,1157,245,1726]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1353">
|
||
D. 9–11; A. 22–31, modally 25; pect. 10–11. Procurrent unsegmented dorsal rays on caudal fin, variable. Gill rakers on first arch, 18–23, modally 21; on lower limb, 10–14, modally 12. Scales on lateral line, 32–39, mean 34.5; predorsal scales, 9–14, modally 11; scale rows from lateral line to base of first dorsal-fin ray, 6.5–8.5, modally 7; to base of pelvic fin, 5.5–7; to base of pectoral fin, 3.5–5, modally 4; circumpeduncular scales, 14–18, modally 16. A single scale row on anal fin base, about 10 scales long. Nuptial tubercles may be bifid. Total vertebrae 32–33, 18–19 caudal. Detailed frequencies are given in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6ABEB94C940FFF0FB9FFDC6D765FD2C" box="[1057,1139,627,651]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="16.[160,216,142,165]" captionText="Table 3. Meristics of Central and North American species in the genus Astyanax. Numbers are" pageId="23" pageNumber="1353">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC940FFF0FF7EFD23D088FD54" blockId="23.[160,1157,245,1726]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1353">
|
||
Largest examined specimen,
|
||
<quantity id="4CD173CAC940FFF0FDB9FD23D17FFD09" box="[519,617,662,686]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.05" pageId="23" pageNumber="1353" unit="mm" value="90.5">90.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL. Body usually rather deep, 34–42% SL, mean 38%. Head length 27–33% SL; orbital diameter, 27–33% HL; interorbital distance, 6.6– 10.1% SL, mean 8.7 (further morphometric data appear in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6ABEB94C940FFF0FC83FD6ED087FD54" box="[829,913,731,755]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="19.[160,216,137,160]" captionText="Table 4. Selected morphometric proportions of Central and North American species in the genus Astyanax (abbreviated by first letters of specific epithet). Specimens measured are those marked ‘dig’ in Appendix. All measurements given as percentage of standard length. Data are means; whole range in parentheses." pageId="23" pageNumber="1353">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC940FFF0FF7EFD4BD773F993" blockId="23.[160,1157,245,1726]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1353">Anterior fontanel long, straight-sided, blunt-tipped. Supraoccipital process in dorsal view, long, narrow-based, usually slightly concave in lateral view. Vomer rostrally slightly concave. Arms of premaxilla, subequal; 0–4 teeth. Highest tooth on dentary, first or third; the posterior teeth, abruptly smaller. Dorsal edge of longer articular arm, variable. Maxillary, with a convex anteroinferior edge; 1–3 teeth. Quadrate, dorsal process not expanded. Metapterygoid, rostral arm longer than ventral; dorsorostral projections, usually 2 (only 1, in the Río Papagayo population). Infraorbital II, triangular, usually with a short convex base (base angled in Honduran populations). Infraorbital III, usually inferoposteriorly semicircular; infraorbital IV, squarish with a projection; a narrow contact between infraorbitals II and III. Urohyal rostral end turned up, its ventrorostral edge convex, its ventral apex about equidistant between rostral and caudal ends (closer to caudal end in southernmost populations); ceratohyal foramen comet-shaped or absent, rostral vertices and ventral side variable. Epibranchial III, insertion of uncinate process widely open; upper pharyngeal bones, oval; lower pharyngeal plate, single; its caudal side, concave. Hyomandibular, variable. Opercular dorsal edge, convex; sides of dorsal half, parallel; caudoventrally straight-convex, caudodorsally concave. Interopercular posterior edge, straight-convex. Preopercle, ventral rim, curved; posteroventral edge, curved; 2 canals at angle. Four or 5 predorsal bony elements; rostral edge of first pterygiophore, angled. Coracoid with 2 interdigitations in suture to cleithrum, a concave caudal edge. Caudad process of postcleithrum, with parallel sides and convex tip. Proximal edge of pelvic bone, convex. Dorsal and caudal tips of scaphium, truncate; dorsoposterior edge, usually slightly concave. Neural spines under dorsal fin, straight. Postanal element, short. Sixth or seventh caudal vertebra from tail, with a haemal spine displaced caudad. Rostral edge of largest hypuric plate, straight. Epuric plate on last neural spine, edge straight.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC940FFFFFF7EF98BD736FBB5" blockId="23.[160,1157,245,1726]" lastBlockId="24.[160,1156,879,1042]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="1354" pageId="23" pageNumber="1353">
|
||
Humeral spot, oval to rhombic or P-shaped; often, a second humeral spot (sometimes only an intensification of the lateral stripe). Pigment on anal fin, sparse. Caudal spot, both on peduncle and on fin rays. Live colour was described for Salvadoran populations as ‘silvery with bluish green above; sides with an ill-defined bright silvery streak, most evident posteriorly; a dark shoulder spot, and frequently an indication of a second black spot behind it; dorsal olivaceous; caudal greenish, with an elongate black spot at its base extending to the end of the median rays; anal pink to deep red; ventrals usually more or less reddish; pectorals yellowish to red; upper part of iris red to reddish yellow’ (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8A3DEC94FFFFFFF18FC4FD272FBB5" author="Hildebrand SF" box="[166,356,1018,1042]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354" pagination="237 - 287" refId="ref47711" refString="Hildebrand SF. 1925. Fishes of the Republic of El Salvador, Central America. Bull U S Bureau Fish. 985: 237 - 287." type="journal article" year="1925">Hildebrand 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 245). A live specimen from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49ED10CDC94FFFFFFD74FC4FD00DFBB5" box="[714,795,1018,1042]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
is shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1312C2AAC94FFFFFFC11FC4FD70FFBB5" box="[943,1049,1018,1042]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="24.[160,225,721,744]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,690]" captionTargetId="figure-114@24.[163,1153,142,690]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 13. Astyanax aeneus, live specimen from San Lorenzo Cacaotepec, Oaxaca. © E. Martínez- Ramírez and V. Ortiz. Reproduced by permission of E. Martínez-Ramírez and V. Ortiz. Permission to reuse must be obtained from the rightsholder." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5181915/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354">Figure 13</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF568EA7C94FFFFFFF1EFD64D161FC84" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181915" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5181915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5181915/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354" startId="24.[160,225,721,744]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,690]" targetPageId="24">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC94FFFFFFF1EFD64D161FC84" blockId="24.[160,1155,721,803]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94FFFFFFF1EFD64D21CFD4F" bold="true" box="[160,266,721,744]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354">Figure 13.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94FFFFFFEADFD64D2A1FD4F" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[275,439,721,744]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aeneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94FFFFFFEADFD64D2A1FD4F" box="[275,439,721,744]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354">Astyanax aeneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, live specimen from San Lorenzo Cacaotepec, Oaxaca. © E. Martínez- Ramírez and V. Ortiz. Reproduced by permission of E. Martínez-Ramírez and V. Ortiz. Permission to reuse must be obtained from the rightsholder.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3338DA4C94FFFFFFF1EFB8BD74CFB3B" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC94FFFFFFF1EFB8BD2E2FBF0" blockId="24.[160,1155,1086,1180]" box="[160,500,1086,1111]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94FFFFFFF1EFB8BD2E2FBF0" bold="true" box="[160,500,1086,1111]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354">Type material and depositor</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC94FFFFFFF1EFBD7D74CFB3B" blockId="24.[160,1155,1086,1180]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B41D472C94FFFFFFF1EFBD7D769FBDD" box="[160,1151,1122,1146]" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="A. Salle" country="Mexico" location="Mexico" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354" specimenCode="BMNH 1907.4" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="5492608DC94FFFFFFF1EFBD7D21AFBDD" box="[160,268,1122,1146]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB8F7654C94FFFFFFEAFFBD7D2B1FBDD" box="[273,423,1122,1146]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354">BMNH 1907.4</specimenCode>
|
||
.10.3,
|
||
<quantity id="4CD173CAC94FFFFFFE5EFBD7D129FBDD" box="[480,575,1122,1146]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354" unit="mm" value="67.5">67.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL, ‘Oaxaca’,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E9EBFC94FFFFFFD72FBD7D00AFBDD" box="[716,796,1122,1146]" name="Mexico" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26DCBBF9C94FFFFFFCEBFBD7D0B2FBDD" box="[853,932,1122,1146]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354">A. Sallé</collectorName>
|
||
, ca. 1850 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1312C2AAC94FFFFFFBACFBD7D760FBDD" box="[1042,1142,1122,1146]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="24.[161,226,1674,1697]" captionTargetBox="[164,1154,1272,1643]" captionTargetId="figure-153@24.[164,1154,1272,1643]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 14. Astyanax aeneus, lectotype, BMNH 1907.4.10.3. Photo and permission to publish it: © The Natural History Museum, London. Reproduced by permission of The Natural History Museum, London. Permission to reuse must be obtained from the rightsholder." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181917" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5181917/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354">Figure 14</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B41D472C94FFFFFFF1EFB31D2F7FB3B" box="[160,481,1156,1180]" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Mexico" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354" specimenCode="BMNH 1860.6" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="5492608DC94FFFFFFF1EFB31D256FB3B" box="[160,320,1156,1180]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354" type="paralectotype">Paralectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB8F7654C94FFFFFFEF4FB31D2F7FB3B" box="[330,481,1156,1180]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354">BMNH 1860.6</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B41D472C94FFFFFFE5DFB31D740FB3B" box="[483,1110,1156,1180]" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="A. Salle" country="Mexico" location="Mexico" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
17.41–42 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2F15A6C94FFFFFFDEFFB31D1CAFB3B" box="[593,732,1156,1180]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
), same collection data as lectotype
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF568EA7C94FFFFFFF1FF93FD076F97B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181917" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5181917" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5181917/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354" startId="24.[161,226,1674,1697]" targetBox="[164,1154,1272,1643]" targetPageId="24">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC94FFFFFFF1FF93FD076F97B" blockId="24.[161,1158,1674,1756]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94FFFFFFF1FF93FD21EF906" bold="true" box="[161,264,1674,1697]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354">Figure 14.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94FFFFFFEAEF93FD2A7F906" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[272,433,1674,1697]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aeneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94FFFFFFEAEF93FD2A7F906" box="[272,433,1674,1697]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1354">Astyanax aeneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, lectotype, BMNH 1907.4.10.3. Photo and permission to publish it: © The Natural History Museum, London. Reproduced by permission of The Natural History Museum, London. Permission to reuse must be obtained from the rightsholder.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF568EA7C94EFFFEFF1EFCE5D763FC05" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181919" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5181919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5181919/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" startId="25.[160,225,848,871]" targetBox="[163,1152,142,817]" targetPageId="25">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC94EFFFEFF1EFCE5D763FC05" blockId="25.[160,1157,848,930]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94EFFFEFF1EFCE5D21FFCC0" bold="true" box="[160,265,848,871]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Figure 15.</emphasis>
|
||
Map of northern Central America and southern Mexico, showing distribution localities of
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94EFFFEFF1EFCDBD1D7FC22" box="[160,705,878,901]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94EFFFEFF1EFCDBD229FC22" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[160,319,878,901]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aeneus">Astyanax aeneus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94EFFFEFEF7FCDBD285FC22" authorityName="Hubbs" authorityYear="1936" box="[329,403,878,901]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altior">A. altior</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94EFFFEFE23FCDBD13DFC22" box="[413,555,878,901]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustifrons">A. angustifrons</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94EFFFEFD8BFCDBD1D7FC22" authority="Schmitter-Soto, 2017" authorityName="Schmitter-Soto" authorityYear="2017" box="[565,705,878,901]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bacalarensis" status="sp. nov.">A. bacalarensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26EBF46C94EFFFEFD79FCDBD002FC22" box="[711,788,878,901]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94EFFFEFCA2FCDBD777FC22" box="[796,1121,877,901]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94EFFFEFCA2FCDBD087FC22" box="[796,913,878,901]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caballeroi">A. caballeroi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94EFFFEFC25FCDBD713FC22" box="[923,1029,877,901]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="finitimus">A. finitimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94EFFFEFBAEFCDBD777FC22" authority="Schmitter-Soto, 2017" authorityName="Schmitter-Soto" authorityYear="2017" box="[1040,1121,878,901]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macal" status="sp. nov.">A. macal</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26EBF46C94EFFFEFBD6FCDBD3DDFC05" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94EFFFEFF40FC3ED244FC05" authority="Schmitter-Soto, 2017" authorityName="Schmitter-Soto" authorityYear="2017" box="[254,338,907,930]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocotal" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94EFFFEFF40FC3ED244FC05" box="[254,338,907,930]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">A. ocotal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26EBF46C94EFFFEFEE4FC3ED2BEFC05" box="[346,424,907,930]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A larger symbol denotes the type locality (uncertain for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94EFFFEFC65FC3ED77FFC05" box="[987,1129,907,930]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94EFFFEFC65FC3ED77FFC05" box="[987,1129,907,930]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">A. angustifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3338DA4C94EFFFEFF1EFC79D01DFBEA" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC94EFFFEFF1EFC79D23AFC42" blockId="25.[160,1155,972,1101]" box="[160,300,972,997]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94EFFFEFF1EFC79D23AFC42" bold="true" box="[160,300,972,997]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC94EFFFEFF1EFC45D01DFBEA" blockId="25.[160,1155,972,1101]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B41D472C94EFFFEFF1EFC45D20BFB8C" country="Mexico" location="Rio Papagayo" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Choluteca">
|
||
From
|
||
<location id="8EF688F4C94EFFFEFF5CFC45D26BFBAF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03806F39C941FFFDFE75FBF3D05FFD83:8EF688F4C94EFFFEFF5CFC45D26BFBAF" box="[226,381,1008,1032]" country="Mexico" name="Rio Papagayo" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" stateProvince="Choluteca">Río Papagayo</location>
|
||
, Guerrero, Pacific coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E9EBFC94EFFFEFD1BFC45D1EEFBAF" box="[677,760,1008,1032]" name="Mexico" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, to Río
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49ED10CDC94EFFFEFCF4FC45D0A8FBAF" box="[842,958,1008,1032]" country="Honduras" name="Choluteca" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Choluteca</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Pacific
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E9EBFC94EFFFEFBA8FC45D795FBAF" box="[1046,1155,1008,1032]" name="Honduras" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Honduras</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1312C2AAC94EFFFEFF19FBA6D205FB8C" box="[167,275,1043,1067]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="25.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,142,817]" captionTargetId="figure-294@25.[163,1153,142,817]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 15. Map of northern Central America and southern Mexico, showing distribution localities of Astyanax aeneus, A. altior, A. angustifrons, A. bacalarensis sp. nov., A. caballeroi, A. finitimus, A. macal sp. nov. and A. ocotal sp. nov. A larger symbol denotes the type locality (uncertain for A. angustifrons)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5181919/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Figure 15</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B41D472C94EFFFEFE94FBA6D011FBEA" country="Mexico" county="Oaxaca'" location="Rio de Los Perros" municipality="Arroyo Las Flores" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" specimenCount="1">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="5492608DC94EFFFEFEE3FBA6D299FB8C" box="[349,399,1043,1067]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality is ‘
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62F7A6A3C94EFFFEFDACFBA6D17FFB8D" box="[530,617,1042,1067]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Oaxaca’</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E9EBFC94EFFFEFDC6FBA6D1DEFB8C" box="[632,712,1043,1067]" name="Mexico" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF24455C94EFFFEFD66FBA6D0B4FB8C" box="[728,930,1043,1067]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Arroyo Las Flores</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, tributary to
|
||
<location id="8EF688F4C94EFFFEFB84FBA6D201FBEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03806F39C941FFFDFE75FBF3D05FFD83:8EF688F4C94EFFFEFB84FBA6D201FBEA" country="Mexico" county="Oaxaca'" municipality="Arroyo Las Flores" name="Rio de Los Perros" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Río de Los Perros</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF688F4C94EFFFEFE9DFB80D27CFBEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03806F39C941FFFDFE75FBF3D05FFD83:8EF688F4C94EFFFEFE9DFB80D27CFBEA" box="[291,362,1077,1101]" country="Mexico" county="Oaxaca'" municipality="Arroyo Las Flores" name="Pacific" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Pacific</location>
|
||
slope; see
|
||
<location id="8EF688F4C94EFFFEFE55FB80D15CFBEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03806F39C941FFFDFE75FBF3D05FFD83:8EF688F4C94EFFFEFE55FB80D15CFBEA" box="[491,586,1077,1101]" country="Mexico" county="Oaxaca'" municipality="Arroyo Las Flores" name="Remarks" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Remarks</location>
|
||
and
|
||
<location id="8EF688F4C94EFFFEFD38FB80D016FBEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03806F39C941FFFDFE75FBF3D05FFD83:8EF688F4C94EFFFEFD38FB80D016FBEA" box="[646,768,1077,1101]" country="Mexico" county="Oaxaca'" municipality="Arroyo Las Flores" name="Discussion" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Discussion</location>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3338DA4C94EFFFDFF1EFBCFD05FFD83" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="1356" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC94EFFFEFF1EFBCFD210FB34" blockId="25.[160,1157,1146,1725]" box="[160,262,1146,1171]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94EFFFEFF1EFBCFD210FB34" bold="true" box="[160,262,1146,1171]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC94EFFFEFF1EFB28D1ABFB7F" blockId="25.[160,1157,1146,1725]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94EFFFEFF1EFB28D24AFB12" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[160,348,1181,1205]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="aeneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94EFFFEFF1EFB28D24AFB12" box="[160,348,1181,1205]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Astyanax aeneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26EBF46C94EFFFEFED7FB28D2BFFB12" box="[361,425,1181,1205]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
corresponds to clade Id of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8A3DEC94EFFFEFD40FB28D728FB12" author="Ornelas-Garcia CP & Dominguez-Dominguez O & Doadrio I" box="[766,1086,1181,1205]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" pagination="340" refId="ref48693" refString="Ornelas-Garcia CP, Dominguez-Dominguez O, Doadrio I. 2008. Evolutionary history of the fish genus Astyanax Baird and Girard 1854 (Actinopterygii, Characidae) in Mesoamerica reveals multiple morphological homoplasies. BMC Evol Biol. 8: 340." type="journal article" year="2008">Ornelas-García et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, their ‘species 1’, and clade F of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8A3DEC94EFFFEFE70FB75D1AFFB7F" author="Strecker U & Faundez VH & Wilkens H" box="[462,697,1216,1240]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" pagination="469 - 481" refId="ref49388" refString="Strecker U, Faundez VH, Wilkens H. 2004. Phylogeography of surface and cave Astyanax (Teleostei) from Central and North America based on cytochrome b sequence data. Mol Phylogenet Evol. 33: 469 - 481." type="journal article" year="2004">Strecker et al. (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC94EFFFEFF7EFB56D175FA0F" blockId="25.[160,1157,1146,1725]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8A3DEC94EFFFEFF7EFB56D2AEFB5C" author="Valdez-Moreno ME" box="[192,440,1251,1275]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" refId="ref49524" refString="Valdez-Moreno ME. 1997. Estudio comparativo osteologico del genero Astyanax en diversas cuencas de Mexico [dissertation: comparative osteological study of the genus Astyanax in diverse basins of Mexico]. Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico." type="book" year="1997">Valdez-Moreno (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94EFFFEFD4EFB56D045FB5C" authorityName="Baird and Girard" authorityYear="1854" box="[752,851,1251,1275]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94EFFFEFD4EFB56D045FB5C" box="[752,851,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Astyanax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Pacific
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49ED10CDC94EFFFEFC59FB56D729FB5C" box="[999,1087,1251,1275]" country="Mexico" name="Chiapas" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Chiapas</collectingRegion>
|
||
to be osteologically different from those in the Atlantic versant of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E9EBFC94EFFFEFCF8FAB0D08FFABA" box="[838,921,1285,1309]" name="Mexico" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8A3DEC94EFFFEFC1DFAB0D744FABA" author="Schuppa M" box="[931,1106,1285,1309]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" refId="ref49237" refString="Schuppa M. 1984. Morphometrische und meristische Untersuchungen an verschiedenen Astyanax - Populationen (Characidae) Mexikos [dissertation: morphometric and meristic investigations in different populations of Astyanax (Characidae) of Mexico]. Hamburg: Universitat Hamburg." type="book" year="1984">Schuppa (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8A3DEC94EFFFEFF1EFA9DD265FAE7" author="Paulo-Maya J" box="[160,371,1320,1344]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" refId="ref48735" refString="Paulo-Maya J. 1994. Analisis morfometrico del genero Astyanax (Pisces: Characidae) en Mexico [dissertation: Morphometric analysis of genus Astyanax (Pisces: Characidae) in Mexico]. Mexico City: Instituto Politecnico Nacional." type="book" year="1994">Paulo-Maya (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also observed morphometrical differences between the two forms.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8A3DEC94EFFFEFF1EFAFED2A0FAC4" author="Martinez Ramirez E" box="[160,438,1355,1379]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" refId="ref48281" refString="Martinez Ramirez E. 2000. Taxonomia y zoogeografia de la ictiofauna dulceacuicola del estado de Oaxaca, Mexico [dissertation: Taxonomy and zoogeography of the freshwater ichthyofauna of the State of Oaxaca, Mexico]. Barcelona: Universitat de Barcelona." type="book" year="2000">Martínez Ramírez (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found two quite distinct molecular clades in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49ED10CDC94EFFFEFC70FAFED734FAC4" box="[974,1058,1355,1379]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
, one for each versant, arbitrarily calling the Pacific form ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94EFFFEFD7AFAD8D056FA22" baseAuthorityName="Contreras-Balderas and Lozano-Vilano" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[708,832,1389,1413]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94EFFFEFD7AFAD8D056FA22" box="[708,832,1389,1413]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">A. fasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94EFFFEFCD0FAD8D0CEFA22" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[878,984,1389,1413]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="aeneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94EFFFEFCD0FAD8D0CEFA22" box="[878,984,1389,1413]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">A. aeneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26EBF46C94EFFFEFC5FFAD8D70BFA22" box="[993,1053,1389,1413]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
) and the Atlantic form ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94EFFFEFEFDFA25D2BAFA0F" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[323,428,1424,1448]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aeneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94EFFFEFEFDFA25D2BAFA0F" box="[323,428,1424,1448]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">A. aeneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ (=
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94EFFFEFE65FA25D140FA0F" box="[475,598,1424,1448]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">
|
||
A.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94EFFFEFE47FA25D110FA0F" bold="true" box="[505,518,1424,1448]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">fi</emphasis>
|
||
nitimus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC94EFFFEFF7EFA06D14FF9F2" blockId="25.[160,1157,1146,1725]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">
|
||
There are several clines in meristic traits along the distributional range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94EFFFEFBAAFA06D76BFA6C" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[1044,1149,1459,1483]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aeneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94EFFFEFBAAFA06D76BFA6C" box="[1044,1149,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">A. aeneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Honduran populations have 34–39 scales on the lateral line, modally 35, whereas Mexican populations have 32–37, modally 33; the number of scale rows between the lateral line and the dorsal-fin origin is
|
||
<quantity id="4CD173CAC94EFFFEFDF3F9AED1AEF994" box="[589,696,1562,1587]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" metricValueMax="1.905" metricValueMin="1.651" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" unit="in" value="7.0" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="6.5">6.5–7.5 in</quantity>
|
||
Guerrero and Oaxaca, vs
|
||
<quantity id="4CD173CAC94EFFFEFC67F9AED708F994" box="[985,1054,1562,1587]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.905" metricValueMax="2.032" metricValueMin="1.778" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" unit="in" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7–8 in</quantity>
|
||
Chiapas,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E9EBFC94EFFFEFF1EF988D20AF9F2" box="[160,284,1597,1621]" name="Guatemala" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E9EBFC94EFFFEFE96F988D2B1F9F2" box="[296,423,1597,1621]" name="El Salvador" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">El Salvador</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E9EBFC94EFFFEFE58F988D143F9F2" box="[486,597,1597,1621]" name="Honduras" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">Honduras</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC94EFFFDFF7EF9D5D708FF6E" blockId="25.[160,1157,1146,1725]" lastBlockId="26.[160,1156,142,548]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="1356" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8A3DEC94EFFFEFF7EF9D5D2E3F9DF" author="Carr AF & Giovannoli L" box="[192,501,1632,1656]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" pagination="1 - 38" refId="ref46836" refString="Carr AF, Giovannoli L. 1950. The fishes of the Choluteca drainage of southern Honduras. Occ Pap Mus Zool Univ Mich. 523: 1 - 38." type="journal article" year="1950">Carr and Giovannoli (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
claimed that ‘a detailed survey of the group [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94EFFFEFBAFF9D5D76AF9DF" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[1041,1148,1632,1656]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aeneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94EFFFEFBAFF9D5D76AF9DF" box="[1041,1148,1632,1656]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1355">A.aeneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
] might disclose at least 1 Honduran stock that required naming’. I checked their specimens at UMMZ (see Material examined), and I cannot discern two forms in the area, unless they refer to unmentioned specimens from the upper reaches of the Patuca River, Caribbean drainage, which indeed belong to a different species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94DFFFDFC36FF04D707FF6E" authorityName="Bocourt" authorityYear="1868" box="[904,1041,177,201]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Tetragonopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belizianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94DFFFDFC36FF04D707FF6E" box="[904,1041,177,201]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="1356">A. belizianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC94DFFFDFF7EFF61D25DFEF3" blockId="26.[160,1156,142,548]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1356">
|
||
It is not possible to identify with certainty the nominal species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94DFFFDFC74FF61D76BFF4B" authorityName="Bocourt" authorityYear="1868" box="[970,1149,212,236]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Tetragonopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oaxacanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94DFFFDFC74FF61D76BFF4B" box="[970,1149,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="1356">A. oaxacanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, because the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5492608DC94DFFFDFE8EFF43D27AFEA9" box="[304,364,246,270]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1356">types</typeStatus>
|
||
are lost (J. Gregorio, pers. comm.) and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5492608DC94DFFFDFCECFF43D092FEA9" box="[850,900,246,270]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1356">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality is not defined, given only as ‘Oaxaca’, a Mexican state with both Atlantic and Pacific slopes. However, see Discussion.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B96DE2FC94DFFFDFF7EFEEBD05FFD83" blockId="26.[160,1156,142,548]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1356">
|
||
Locality vagueness used to affect
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C29A5ACC94DFFFDFDFAFEEBD1BBFED1" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[580,685,350,374]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="1356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aeneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94DFFFDFDFAFEEBD1BBFED1" box="[580,685,350,374]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="1356">A. aeneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
too.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8A3DEC94DFFFDFD55FEEBD096FED1" author="Regan CT" box="[747,896,350,374]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1356" refId="ref48834" refString="Regan CT. 1908. Pisces, Vol. 8. London: Biologia Centrali-Americana." type="book" year="1908">Regan (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
thought that the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5492608DC94DFFFDFBEFFEEBD795FED1" box="[1105,1155,350,374]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1356">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality was the City of Oaxaca, not the state, but I cannot find the rationale for this. However, the research of Eschmeyer (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95D023DC94DFFFDFDF6FE11D197FE1B" box="[584,641,420,444]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="1356">in litt</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011) indicated that the precise
|
||
<typeStatus id="5492608DC94DFFFDFC44FE11D73AFE1B" box="[1018,1068,420,444]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1356">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality is Arroyo Las
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E9EBFC94DFFFDFEFEFE73D293FE79" box="[320,389,454,478]" name="Indonesia" pageId="26" pageNumber="1356">Flores</collectingCountry>
|
||
, tributary to Río de Los Perros, Pacific slope. The French collector Auguste Sallé had moved his working area ‘from Vera Cruz into the State of Oaxaca on the Pacific side of the dividing range’ (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8A3DEC94DFFFDFDE7FDB9D1F0FD83" author="Sclater PL" box="[601,742,524,548]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1356" pagination="294 - 305" refId="ref49279" refString="Sclater PL. 1858. On a collection of birds received by M. Auguste Salle from Oaxaca in Southern Mexico. Proc Zool Soc London. 26: 294 - 305." type="journal article" year="1858">Sclater 1858</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 227).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |