treatments-xml/data/9D/67/39/9D67398B495E5D1D8ACF25BCE423826F.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.73554" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dca8ac00-4d5c-4053-94e7-e6d77369f041" ID-PMC="PMC8648683" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-186-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="779AC4974B8056439B4C14F94034DD03" ID-PubMed="34949954" ModsDocID="1314-2003-186-1" checkinTime="1638245608241" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Clark, John L. &amp; Tobar, Francisco" docDate="2021" docId="9D67398B495E5D1D8ACF25BCE423826F" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 186: 1-9" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 186" docPubDate="2021-11-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.73554" docTitle="Glossoloma wiehlerii J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="779AC4974B8056439B4C14F94034DD03" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="779AC4974B8056439B4C14F94034DD03" masterDocTitle="Glossoloma wiehlerii (Gesneriaceae), a new species from the northwestern Andes of Ecuador" masterLastPageNumber="9" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668140536619" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Glossoloma wiehlerii (Gesneriaceae), a new species from the northwestern Andes of Ecuador</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Clark, John L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1414-6380</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Science Department, The Lawrenceville School, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648. U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jclark@lawrenceville.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tobar, Francisco</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8172-673X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Area de Investigacion y Monitoreo de Avifauna, Aves y Conservacion - BirdLife en Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador &amp; Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Herbario Nacional del Ecuador QCNE, Quito, Ecuador.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-11-29</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>186</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>9</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.73554</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.73554</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-186-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">779AC4974B8056439B4C14F94034DD03</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="190874569" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9D67398B495E5D1D8ACF25BCE423826F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9D67398B495E5D1D8ACF25BCE423826F" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName LSID="9D67398B-495E-5D1D-8ACF-25BCE423826F" authority="J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar" authorityName="J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar" authorityYear="2021" class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Glossoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glossoloma wiehlerii" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wiehlerii" status="sp. nov.">Glossoloma wiehlerii J.L.Clark &amp; Tobar</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Glossoloma wiehlerii J. L. Clark &amp; F. Tobar. A Mature flower B Stem with foliage C Stem with axillary clusters of flowers D Hans Wiehler holding the holotype (A, B from Tobar &amp; Gavilanes 3521 C, D from H. Wiehler et al. 93228). Photos A, B by F. Tobar, C by M. Riley D by G. Robinson." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.186.73554.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/616407" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Holotype of Glossoloma wiehlerii J. L. Clark &amp; F. Tobar (H. Wiehler &amp; Gesneriad Research Foundation Study Group 93228, SEL)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.186.73554.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/616408" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Differs from all other congeners by the presence of elongate scandent shoots that exceed four meters in length, coriaceous leaves that are velutinous on lower surface, and a corolla tube that is broadly ampliate on the dorsal surface.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type. ecuador.">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type. ECUADOR.</emphasis>
Pichincha: Quito towards Chiriboga, past San Juan and El Sigsal, kilometer #40, 27 Apr 1993, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. Wiehler &amp; Gesneriad Research Foundation Study Group 93228.</emphasis>
(holotype: SEL [095415]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description</emphasis>
. Scandent subshrub with elongate horizontal shoots, sparingly branched, to 4 m long, to 1.5 cm in diameter, subwoody; internodes 3.8-8 cm long, subquandrangular, brown velutinous. Leaves opposite, isophyllous, coriaceous; blade symmetric, ovate to broadly ovate, 9.3-12.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5-6.7 cm, base truncate to slightly cordate, apex acute, margin serrulate, adaxially light green, densely pilose, abaxially uniformly dark red to green with red venation, densely villous, lateral veins 6-9, primary and secondary veins occasionally red. Inflorescence reduced to a single axillary flower (rarely 2-3); peduncles absent or highly reduced (&lt;2 mm); bracts absent or caducous, 2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3 mm. Flowers resupinate, subtended by elongate pedicels, 1.2-4.5 cm long, densely pilose, oriented horizontal relative to shoot, becoming more pendent during anthesis; calyx lobes 5, nearly free, mostly equal in size and shape, dorsal lobe slightly smaller, lobes appressed to flower when immature and spreading during anthesis, mostly green with red margins, 1.6-3.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.0-1.3 cm, broadly ovate, apex acute to acuminate, margin with 5-10 deep serrations (ca. 4 mm long teeth), densely pilose on both surfaces; corolla tubular, broadly ampliate on dorsal surface (not ampliate on ventral surface), posture horizontal relative to calyx, corolla tube 2.4-2.6 cm long, outer surface densely pilose, uniformly bright yellow on the inside and white suffused with yellow on the outside, lobes 3-5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4-6 mm. Androecium of 4 stamens, filaments connate at the base and forming a filament curtain for 3-4 mm, free portion of filaments 2-2.5 cm long, glabrous; anthers longer than broad, ca. 2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5 mm, dehiscing by longitudinal slits; staminode lanceolate 3-5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-2 mm; nectary a bilobed dorsal gland, sometimes appearing truncate, glabrous; ovary superior, densely pilose, 2-4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2 mm, style ca. 2.0 cm long, glabrous, stigma included and shallowly bifid. Immature fruit cone-shaped, densely pilose, 1.4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.9 cm. Mature fruit not observed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</emphasis>
Collected in flower during February, April, and July. Immature fruits observed in February.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology</emphasis>
. The specific epithet is in reference to Hans Wiehler (1930-2003). Wiehler was a practicing Mennonite from East Prussia (now Poland) and immigrated to the USA in the 1950s. He attained a 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bachelor’s">Bachelor's</normalizedToken>
degree from the Eastern Mennonite College in 1954 and a Bachelor of Divinity degree in 1956 from Goshen College in Goshen, Indiana (
<bibRefCitation author="Clark, JR" journalOrPublisher="Rheedea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B6" refString="Clark, JR, 2003. In memoriam: Hans Wiehler 1931-2003. Selbyana 24: i." title="In memoriam: Hans Wiehler 1931 - 2003. Selbyana 24: i." year="2003">Clark 2003</bibRefCitation>
). He eventually left the Mennonite church and pursued his passion for botany. Wiehler earned a 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Master’s">Master's</normalizedToken>
degree from Cornell and obtained his Ph.D. in Botany from the University of Miami. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Wiehler’s">Wiehler's</normalizedToken>
advanced degrees focused on the taxonomy and classification of 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Gesneriaceae</taxonomicName>
. Wiehler was one of the first botanists hired by the Marie Selby Botanical Gardens where he served as the associate editor and business manager of the 
<normalizedToken originalValue="garden’s">garden's</normalizedToken>
journal, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="F.Archila" authorityYear="2010" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Selbyana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Selbyana" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selbyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(1975-1981). He left Selby in 1982 and established the Gesneriad Research Foundation (GRF) in Sarasota, Florida where he directed annual seminars that were attended by horticulturists, taxonomists, students and plant enthusiasts. Wiehler also organized and directed 14 study trips to South and Central America, including the 1993 expedition that resulted in the discovery of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar" authorityYear="2021" class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Glossoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glossoloma wiehlerii" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wiehlerii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glossoloma wiehlerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The first author met Hans Wiehler in 1994 and corresponded with him regularly until he died in 2003. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Wiehler’s">Wiehler's</normalizedToken>
passion for 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Gesneriaceae</taxonomicName>
was contagious.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution and preliminary assessment of conservation status.">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and preliminary assessment of conservation status.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar" authorityYear="2021" class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Glossoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glossoloma wiehlerii" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wiehlerii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glossoloma wiehlerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to the Pichincha Province on the western slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes and is known from three localities. The type locality is the old highway between Quito and Santo Domingo (via Chiriboga). In 2020, Tobar located an extant population of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. wiehlerii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="wiehlerii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. wiehlerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
near kilometer #40 (San Juan) where Hans Wiehler made the initial discovery in 1993 (
<bibRefCitation author="Wiehler, H" journalOrPublisher="The Gloxinian" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="16 - 17" refId="B15" refString="Wiehler, H, 1993. The GRF expedition to Ecuador. The Gloxinian 43 (4): 16 - 17" title="The GRF expedition to Ecuador." volume="43" year="1993">Wiehler 1993</bibRefCitation>
). An additional population is supposedly from the 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bombolí">Bomboli</normalizedToken>
Cloud Forest, near kilometer #20 on the highway Quito-Santo Domingo (via 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Alóag">Aloag</normalizedToken>
). Clark facilitated a visit for Brian K. Schuetz in 2005 to the Smithsonian 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Institution’s">Institution's</normalizedToken>
National Herbarium (US). During that time, Schuetz was a graduate student at the Idaho State University (Pocatello, ID) and was completing research for his 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Master’s">Master's</normalizedToken>
thesis on the woody flora of the 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bombolí">Bomboli</normalizedToken>
Cloud Forest. Schuetz had an unmounted specimen of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar" authorityYear="2021" class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Glossoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glossoloma wiehlerii" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wiehlerii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glossoloma wiehlerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. Schuetz 600</emphasis>
) that was supposedly from 2955 m above sea level inside the 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bombolí">Bomboli</normalizedToken>
Cloud Forest. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Schuetz’s">Schuetz's</normalizedToken>
dissertation (
<bibRefCitation author="Schuetz, BK" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B11" refString="Schuetz, BK, 2004. Floristic study of the woody species of a high Andean cloud forest on Bomboli Mountain, Ecuador. Master's Thesis, Idaho State University, Idaho, USA." title="Floristic study of the woody species of a high Andean cloud forest on Bomboli Mountain, Ecuador. Master's Thesis, Idaho State University, Idaho, USA." year="2004">Schuetz 2004</bibRefCitation>
) provides longitude and latitude for most of his collections. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar" authorityYear="2021" class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Glossoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glossoloma wiehlerii" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wiehlerii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glossoloma wiehlerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is featured with images and a description (
<bibRefCitation author="Schuetz, BK" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B11" refString="Schuetz, BK, 2004. Floristic study of the woody species of a high Andean cloud forest on Bomboli Mountain, Ecuador. Master's Thesis, Idaho State University, Idaho, USA." title="Floristic study of the woody species of a high Andean cloud forest on Bomboli Mountain, Ecuador. Master's Thesis, Idaho State University, Idaho, USA." year="2004">Schuetz 2004</bibRefCitation>
), but lacks detailed locality data (e.g. it is one of the only species in 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Schuetz’s">Schuetz's</normalizedToken>
floristic study that does not include longitude and latitude). Schuetz did not deposit specimens in an Ecuadorian herbarium. Likewise, specimens of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. wiehlerii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="wiehlerii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. wiehlerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were not deposited at the Idaho Museum of Natural History (IDS). A third population was documented by Tobar in 2019 from the Bosque Protector Pacaya, a Reserve that is managed by the community Alaspungo. Bosque Protector Pacaya is adjacent to El Pahuma Orchid Reserve (Ceiba Foundation for Tropical Conservation). The forests in Bosque Protector Pacaya are mostly above 3,000 meters and the forests in El Pahuma Orchid Reserve are mostly below 3,000 meters. It is likely that populations of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. wiehlerii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="wiehlerii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. wiehlerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are limited to forests above 3,000 meters and that is why it has not been documented in the lower elevation forests of El Pahuma Orchid Reserve. According to the IUCN Red List Criteria (
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Rheedea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B7" refString="IUCN, 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK." title="IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 3.1, Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK." year="2012">IUCN 2012</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee" journalOrPublisher="Rheedea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B8" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee, 2019. Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Downloadable from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" title="Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Downloadable from:" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2019">IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2019</bibRefCitation>
) for limited geographic range (B1 = EOO &lt;5,000 km2) and associated subcriteria, including occurrence at less than five locations (B2a) and continuing decline of Andean forests (B2b), 
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar" authorityYear="2021" class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Glossoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glossoloma wiehlerii" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wiehlerii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glossoloma wiehlerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be listed in the category Endangered (EN).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comments.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Most, An, Some, J. L. Clark, The" country="Venezuela" county="The" location="The" municipality="In" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="type">
<collectorName>Most</collectorName>
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Glossoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glossoloma" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glossoloma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are terrestrial woody subshrubs with an unbranched primary stem. 
<collectorName>An</collectorName>
epiphytic habit is unusual in 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Glossoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glossoloma" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glossoloma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, especially with elongate or scandent stems. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Glossoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glossoloma chrysanthum" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysanthum">Glossoloma chrysanthum</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. penduliflorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="penduliflorum">G. penduliflorum</taxonomicName>
, G. scanden
</emphasis>
, and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. wiehlerii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="wiehlerii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. wiehlerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are the only known species of 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Glossoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glossoloma" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glossoloma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with an epiphytic habit and elongate scandent stems. 
<collectorName>Some</collectorName>
species, such as 
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. altescandens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="altescandens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. altescandens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Mansf.) 
<collectorName>J.L.Clark</collectorName>
or 
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. herthae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="herthae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. herthae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Mansf.) 
<collectorName>J.L.Clark</collectorName>
are facultative epiphytes, but their stems are erect and non-scandent. 
<collectorName>The</collectorName>
population of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar" authorityYear="2021" class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Glossoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glossoloma wiehlerii" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wiehlerii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glossoloma wiehlerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the 
<typeStatus>type</typeStatus>
locality was observed to have stems that exceed four meters in length. 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9D67398B495E5D1D8ACF25BCE423826F:122B5BD80E2A4670A6F24A84D46EB489" country="Venezuela" county="The" municipality="In" name="The">The</location>
longest recorded stem in the genus is 
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. chrysanthum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chrysanthum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. chrysanthum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that exceeded five meters in length (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Glossoloma chrysanthum (Planch. &amp; Linden) J. L. Clark. A Mature flower B Stem with foliage C Front view of corolla D Mature capsule E Elongate scandent shoots held by John L. Clark during an exploratory research expedition in Venezuela (A - E from J. L. Clark 6872). Photos by J. L. Clark." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.186.73554.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/616409" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3E</figureCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Glossoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glossoloma chrysanthum" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysanthum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glossoloma chrysanthum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to 
<collectingCountry name="Venezuela">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
and is differentiated from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. wiehlerii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="wiehlerii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. wiehlerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by a corolla tube that is apically constricted (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Glossoloma chrysanthum (Planch. &amp; Linden) J. L. Clark. A Mature flower B Stem with foliage C Front view of corolla D Mature capsule E Elongate scandent shoots held by John L. Clark during an exploratory research expedition in Venezuela (A - E from J. L. Clark 6872). Photos by J. L. Clark." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.186.73554.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/616409" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3A</figureCitation>
) vs. apically ampliated (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Glossoloma wiehlerii J. L. Clark &amp; F. Tobar. A Mature flower B Stem with foliage C Stem with axillary clusters of flowers D Hans Wiehler holding the holotype (A, B from Tobar &amp; Gavilanes 3521 C, D from H. Wiehler et al. 93228). Photos A, B by F. Tobar, C by M. Riley D by G. Robinson." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.186.73554.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/616407" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1A</figureCitation>
). 
<collectingMunicipality>In</collectingMunicipality>
addition, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. wiehlerii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="wiehlerii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. wiehlerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs by the presence of a velutinous indument on the lower leaf surface (vs. hirsute to pilose in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. chrysanthum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chrysanthum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. chrysanthum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and coriaceous leaves (vs. papyraceous in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. chrysanthum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chrysanthum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. chrysanthum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). 
<collectingCounty>The</collectingCounty>
mature resupinate flowers of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. wiehlerii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="wiehlerii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. wiehlerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are inflated on the upper surface (i.e. ampliate or gibbous) and straight on the lower surface (i.e. not ampliate or gibbous). 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Glossoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glossoloma penduliflorum" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="penduliflorum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glossoloma penduliflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is readily differentiated from all other members of the genus by the presence of solitary axillary flowers with elongate slender pedicels that are 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="cm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10-15 cm</quantity>
long, the longest known pedicels for any member of 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Glossoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glossoloma" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Glossoloma</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Glossoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glossoloma scandens" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">Glossoloma scandens</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
differs from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. penduliflorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="penduliflorum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. penduliflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of three flowers per axil and relatively short pedicels (&lt;
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
long)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.186.73554.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/616407" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar" authorityYear="2021" class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Glossoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glossoloma wiehlerii" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wiehlerii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glossoloma wiehlerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
J.L. Clark &amp; F. Tobar. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
Mature flower 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
Stem with foliage 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
Stem with axillary clusters of flowers 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
Hans Wiehler holding the 
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
from 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tobar &amp; Gavilanes 3521</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
from 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. Wiehler et al. 93228</emphasis>
). Photos 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
by F. Tobar, 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
by M. Riley 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
by G. Robinson.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.186.73554.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/616408" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar" authorityYear="2021" class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Glossoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glossoloma wiehlerii" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wiehlerii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glossoloma wiehlerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
J.L. Clark &amp; F. Tobar (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. Wiehler &amp; Gesneriad Research Foundation Study Group 93228</emphasis>
, SEL).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Specimens examined. 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-07-15" collectingDateMax="2020-02-20" collectingDateMin="2019-07-15" collectorName="Tobar, Gavilanes, de Alaspungo, Marcayata" country="ECUADOR" county="Quito" elevation="3004" latitude="0.00232" location="Chillogallo" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-78.63126" municipality="Metropolitano de Quito" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
<collectingCountry name="Ecuador">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="cantón">canton</normalizedToken>
<collectingCounty>Quito</collectingCounty>
, distrito 
<collectingMunicipality>Metropolitano de Quito</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9D67398B495E5D1D8ACF25BCE423826F:4454124AF5DCD061D696379801FD3D36" country="ECUADOR" county="Quito" latitude="0.00232" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-78.63126" municipality="Metropolitano de Quito" name="Chillogallo" stateProvince="Pichincha">Chillogallo</location>
, road 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9D67398B495E5D1D8ACF25BCE423826F:E33EFB1794DA2CA14AF9F7F2F664A056" country="ECUADOR" county="Quito" latitude="0.00232" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-78.63126" municipality="Metropolitano de Quito" name="San Juan-Chiriboga" stateProvince="Pichincha">San Juan-Chiriboga</location>
, near 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9D67398B495E5D1D8ACF25BCE423826F:7945DFADBA1D0BFB18935216121ED8F8" country="ECUADOR" county="Quito" latitude="0.00232" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-78.63126" municipality="Metropolitano de Quito" name="San Juan" stateProvince="Pichincha">San Juan</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="0.416333" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="0.416333">0.416333°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="78.6580" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-78.658">78.6580°W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.004" unit="m" value="3004.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.004" unit="m" value="3004.0">3004 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt., 
<collectingDate value="2020-02-20">20 Feb 2020</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>Tobar</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>Gavilanes</collectorName>
3521
</emphasis>
(QCNE); distrito 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9D67398B495E5D1D8ACF25BCE423826F:76376F8A0F34C6FD4FD9587EAA3B6E08" country="ECUADOR" county="Quito" latitude="0.00232" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-78.63126" municipality="Metropolitano de Quito" name="Metropolitano de Quito" stateProvince="Pichincha">Metropolitano de Quito</location>
, Nono, comunidad 
<collectorName>de Alaspungo</collectorName>
, Bosque Protector Pacaya, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="0.002320" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="0.00232">0.002320°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="78.631260" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-78.63126">78.631260°W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="3000.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="3000.0">3000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt., 
<collectingDate value="2019-07-15">15 Jul 2019</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>Tobar</collectorName>
</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>Marcayata</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>Gavilanes</collectorName>
3399
</emphasis>
(QCNE,
</materialsCitation>
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.186.73554.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/616409" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Glossoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glossoloma chrysanthum" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysanthum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glossoloma chrysanthum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Planch. &amp; Linden) J.L. Clark. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
Mature flower 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
Stem with foliage 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
Front view of corolla 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
Mature capsule 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
Elongate scandent shoots held by John L. Clark during an exploratory research expedition in 
<collectingCountry name="Venezuela">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
- 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
from 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J.L. Clark 6872</emphasis>
). Photos by J.L. Clark.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>