249 lines
21 KiB
XML
249 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.505.9472" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8b79565e-310e-402f-bf5b-ef1d3ac3d68c" ID-PMC="PMC4453237" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-505-79" ID-PubMed="26052240" ID-ZBK="2F7E0A3E2DFE4EC1B7068867FD210D76" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-505-79" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 505" ModsDocTitle="Redescription of Chrysoctonus and description of Chrysoctonoides (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae), a new genus from the Australian Region" checkinTime="1451244302101" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Huber, John T. & Triapitsyn, Serguei" docDate="2015" docId="E3E126792AFA38591FFF21423A642CB3" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 505: 79-101" docOrigin="ZooKeys 505" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.505.9472" docTitle="Chrysoctonoides Huber & Triapitsyn, gen. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="A5549C89-9EEF-4351-8EFC-AFF43520FC84" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="89" masterDocId="FFFEFFDBFF9BFFDBD24EFF923F09FFF3" masterDocTitle="Redescription of Chrysoctonus and description of Chrysoctonoides (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae), a new genus from the Australian Region" masterLastPageNumber="101" masterPageNumber="79" pageNumber="89" updateTime="1668160376299" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Redescription of Chrysoctonus and description of Chrysoctonoides (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae), a new genus from the Australian Region</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Huber, John T.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Triapitsyn, Serguei</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>505</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>79</mods:start>
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<mods:end>101</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.505.9472</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.505.9472</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-505-79</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">2F7E0A3E2DFE4EC1B7068867FD210D76</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">2F7E0A3E2DFE4EC1B7068867FD210D76</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152060190" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A5549C89-9EEF-4351-8EFC-AFF43520FC84" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E3E126792AFA38591FFF21423A642CB3" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="89" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Mymaridae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="89" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/A5549C89-9EEF-4351-8EFC-AFF43520FC84" authority="Huber & Triapitsyn" genus="Chrysoctonoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysoctonoides" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" rank="genus">Chrysoctonoides Huber & Triapitsyn</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="10" pageNumber="89">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 41-47, 48, 49, 50-52, 53-55, 56, 57, 58-66[Figs 58-66
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<bibRefCitation author="Lin, Nq" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="19" pageNumber="98" pagination="1 - 111" title="The Australian genera of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)." volume="1596" year="2007">reproduced from Lin et al. 2007]</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="89" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Myrmecomymar" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myrmecomymar" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Myrmecomymar</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Lin, Nq" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="19" pageNumber="98" pagination="1 - 111" title="The Australian genera of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)." volume="1596" year="2007">Lin et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
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: 39 (discussion of generic limits, possible new genus), 93 (photographs [figs 170-178]). Generic misidentification.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="89" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName genus="Chrysoctonoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysoctonoides longisetosa" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="longisetosa">Chrysoctonoides longisetosa</taxonomicName>
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Huber & Triapitsyn.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="89" type="derivation of genus name">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">Derivation of genus name.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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After the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Chrysoctonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysoctonus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysoctonus</taxonomicName>
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+ eidos, Greek for shape, form, resembling, like; referring to the similarity of females and males to those of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Chrysoctonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysoctonus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysoctonus</taxonomicName>
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. Gender: feminine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="89" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">Female. Wingless (Figs 41, 45, 48, 50, 53-55). Head with eye small with about 11 ommatidia (Fig. 53); ocelli absent (Figs 44, 54, 55). Antenna with funicle 7-segmented and clava entire (Figs 43, 49). Mesosoma (Figs 45, 50, 55) with strong, erect setae on mesoscutum and scutellum, and scutellum without campaniform sensilla; tarsi 5-segmented; propodeum medially with numerous small tubercles and laterally with reticulate sculpture. Metasoma with narrow reticulate petiole slightly longer than wide.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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Figures 41-47.
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<taxonomicName genus="Chrysoctonoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysoctonoides longisetosa" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="longisetosa">Chrysoctonoides longisetosa</taxonomicName>
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, holotype female. 41 habitus (excluding head) dorsal 42 type slide 43 antenna 44 head, anterior 45 mesosoma + petiole, dorsal 46 gaster, dorsal 47 ovipositor seen dorsally through gaster. Scale bars: 41 = 500
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, 42 = 200
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; 44-47 = 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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Figures 48, 49.
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<taxonomicName genus="Chrysoctonoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysoctonoides longisetosa" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="longisetosa">Chrysoctonoides longisetosa</taxonomicName>
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, paratype female, Queensland, Atherton. 48 habitus, lateral 49 head + antennae, lateral (inset shows tentorium). Scale bars = 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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Figures 50-52.
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<taxonomicName genus="Chrysoctonoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysoctonoides longisetosa" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="longisetosa">Chrysoctonoides longisetosa</taxonomicName>
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, paratype female, Queensland, Atherton. 50 mesosoma, lateral 51 metasoma, lateral 52 ovipositor. Scale bars = 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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Figures 53-55.
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<taxonomicName genus="Chrysoctonoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysoctonoides longisetosa" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="longisetosa">Chrysoctonoides longisetosa</taxonomicName>
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, paratype female, 11 km ENE of Mt. Tozer. 53 habitus, lateral 54 habitus, dorsal 55 head + mesosoma, dorsal. Scale bars = 200
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">Male. Fully winged (Fig. 56), with venation much longer than half wing length (Fig. 62). Antenna with flagellum 11-segmented but apical segment small and almost spine-like, each segment with a whorl of setae about twice as long as the segment (Figs 57, 66) Mesosoma (Figs 56, 60) with short, weak setae on mesoscutum and scutellum, and scutellum with campaniform sensilla (Fig. 60).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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Figures 56, 57.
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<taxonomicName genus="Chrysoctonoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysoctonoides longisetosa" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="longisetosa">Chrysoctonoides longisetosa</taxonomicName>
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, paratype male from Heberton. 56 habitus, lateral 57 head + antennae, lateral. Scale bars = 200
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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Figures 58-66.
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<taxonomicName genus="Chrysoctonoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysoctonoides longisetosa" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="longisetosa">Chrysoctonoides longisetosa</taxonomicName>
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, paratype female and paratype male from Lake Eacham Nat. Park. 58 female antenna 59 female mesosoma (crushed), dorsal 60 male mesosoma, dorsal 61 fore leg 62 male wings 63 female metasoma, lateral 64 male antennal cleaner 65 male genitalia 66 male antenna. Scale bars: 58-61, 63 = 50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; 62, 66 = 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; 64, 65 = 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName genus="Chrysoctonoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysoctonoides" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" rank="genus">Chrysoctonoides</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Chrysoctonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysoctonus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysoctonus</taxonomicName>
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, the most similar-looking genus, as follows. Female: mesoscutum and scutellum each medially much longer than pronotum (each about the same length in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Chrysoctonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysoctonus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysoctonus</taxonomicName>
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); median and lateral lobes of mesoscutum, and scutellum with strong setae (setae absent in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Chrysoctonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysoctonus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysoctonus</taxonomicName>
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); fenestra small, somewhat triangular and occupying much less than half width of scutellum (fenestra large, oval, occupying most of scutellum in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Chrysoctonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysoctonus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysoctonus</taxonomicName>
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). Male: Flagellum with each segment somewhat irregular-shaped, often slightly wider medially and with at most only 1 mps and 4 setae, the setae much longer than segment length (each segment with straight edges and parallel-sided, with several mps and setae, the setae much shorter than segment length in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Chrysoctonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysoctonus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysoctonus</taxonomicName>
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). Both sexes: prosternum large, about as long as line of junction of propleura (small, much shorter than line of junction in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Chrysoctonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysoctonus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysoctonus</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="89" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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Female. Medium in length and wingless in the only included species. Head. Almost cuboidal, about 1.25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as wide as long and about 1.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as wide as high; in lateral view projecting forward for about length of radicle beyond level of anterior margin of eye then, more ventrally, flat and receding to mouth (Figs 48, 49, 53). Preorbital sulcus clearly separated from eye, from apex of preorbital trabecula extending straight down side of face to just lateral to mouth opening. Face square. Subantennal sulci absent. Torulus almost touching transverse trabecula. Eye small (Figs 44, 49, 53), with about 12 ommatidia, in lateral view somewhat triangular, slightly longer than high. Malar space at least 1.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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eye height. Malar sulcus absent. Gena width in lateral view at level of mid-height of eye about 2.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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eye width, and gena merging smoothly but quite sharply with occiput. Vertex in lateral view slightly convex, horizontal, almost at right angle with face (separated from face by transverse trabecula), posteromedially separated from occiput by slightly curved carina. Ocelli absent (Figs 44, 54, 55). Occiput entire; foramen dorsal, almost at junction with vertex (Fig. 55) so head pendulous (Figs 48, 49, 53). Labrum with 5 setae. Mandibles each with 3 teeth, crossing when closed. Antenna. Scape about 5.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide, with radicle distinct, narrow, about 0.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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scape length; pedicel about 0.34
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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scape length, 2.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long but wider than fl1; funicle 7-segmented (Figs 43, 49); clava unsegmented, about 0.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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funicle length. Mesosoma. About 1.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide, 1.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as high, and 0.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wide as high. Pronotum in dorsal view (Figs 45, 54, 55) short, about 0.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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mesoscutum length, entire, and with a low transverse carina at anterior margin of collar. Pronotal spiracle level with anterior apex of notaulus. Propleura abutting medially, their line of junction much less than length of prosternum. Prosternum somewhat triangular, apparently divided posteriorly by median suture less than half prosternum length. Mesoscutum with straight, strongly diverging notauli. Transscutal articulation straight. Scutellum almost as long as mesoscutum (20: 23), without campaniform sensilla but with two setae in their position (Figs 45, 55) and fenestra a small, somewhat triangular oval behind the setae. Axilla normal, triangular. Prepectus narrow, slightly wider dorsally than ventrally. Mesopleuron almost vertical, about 0.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as high; the mesepimeron almost as wide as mesepisternum. Metanotum extremely narrow, without defined dorsellum. Propodeum in lateral view flat, strongly sloping, about 1.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as scutellum, not clearly separated from metapleuron. Propodeal spiracle small, at extreme anterolateral corner of propodeum and about its diameter from metanotum. Wings. Apparently absent (extremely micropterous). Legs. Metacoxae (Fig. 61, fore leg) distinctly reticulate. Metasoma. Petiole narrow (Fig. 63), slightly longer than wide (14:10). Gaster about 1.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as high; cerci with long setae. Spiracle on gt6 absent. Ovipositor arising almost at base of gaster, slightly longer than gaster length and slightly exserted beyond gaster apex; ovipositor sheath with 1 subapical seta.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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Male. Medium in length and fully winged (Fig. 56). Colour. Body fairly uniformly light brown, the gaster slightly darker in about apical half; legs beyond coxae and antenna slightly lighter than body. Head about 1.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as wide as long and about 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as wide as high. Eye large (Figs 56, 57), with about 75 ommatidia, in lateral view almost round, about as long as high. Malar space about 0.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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eye height. Gena in lateral view at level of top and bottom of eye about 0.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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eye width. Ocelli present, with LOL about 0.66
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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POL, and OOL about 1.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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POL. Antenna. Flagellum 11-segmented (Figs 56, 57, 66); scape 6.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide, with radicle about 0.18
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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scape length and distinct; pedicel about 0.36
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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scape length and 1.25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as fl1; flagellomeres each with several extremely long setae and some flagellomeres uneven in width, either slightly wider or slightly narrower medially. Mesosoma. About 1.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide, 1.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as high, and 1.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wide as high. Scutellum about as long as mesoscutum (Fig. 60), with the usual campaniform sensilla submedially and also with two short, slender anterolateral setae; fenestra wide and occupying most of scutellum, with its margin anterior to the campaniform sensilla. Metanotum normal, with slightly defined rhomboidal dorsellum. Propodeum in lateral view flat, strongly sloping. Wings. Fully winged (Figs 56, 62). Fore wing about 4.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide, with microtrichia not evenly covering wing surface. Venation about 0.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wing length. Parastigma + stigmal vein about 1.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of submarginal vein. Hind wing normal; venation about 0.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wing length. Legs. Calcar fringed internally with several setae (Fig. 64). Metasoma. Gaster about 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as high. Genitalia (Fig. 61) with aedeagus extending well beyond parameres and apparently without aedeagal apodeme (this may have been broken off during dissection).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="89" type="hosts and habitat">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">Hosts and habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">Hosts are unknown. The habitat is rainforest litter.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="89" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">Australian Region.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |