284 lines
54 KiB
XML
284 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document id="87E514CCAEF0685F55CDA0EA8A0B623C" ID-DOI="10.5733/afin.052.0212" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8342930" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1683579859550" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kirk-Spriggs, Ashley H." docDate="2011" docId="03FDA115FFF7B37BEBBF98A3FCF7FE6D" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.52.2.391-456.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 52 (2)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.052.0212" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D.3:AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Curtonotum rinhatinana Kirk-Spriggs 2011, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="431" masterDocId="FFC4D96DFFD2B353EA609A53FFD6FFC7" masterDocTitle="A revision of Afrotropical Quasimodo flies (Diptera: Schizophora; Curtonotidae). Part III - the Malagasy species of Curtonotum Macquart, with descriptions of six new species" masterLastPageNumber="391" masterPageNumber="391" pageNumber="428" updateTime="1694657771552" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="A0C72A0301DBF10C67FBDEFF6D9BDC68">A revision of Afrotropical Quasimodo flies (Diptera: Schizophora; Curtonotidae). Part III - the Malagasy species of Curtonotum Macquart, with descriptions of six new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="27DAACE9B2382D0F98FA611F9A37E17B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="79F601A613C3B7FB8F2CD95B9BD0C302">Kirk-Spriggs, Ashley H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="73E8AB8937B6453E7A294310F2A8F640">African Invertebrates</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="26935FBE60B263C1B13BDEDCDD441206">
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<mods:date id="419BABB80C09C8764750B1F78F7C304E">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D108CC22F721948AB6CE6F17B4A2E459">2011-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E1A52BDF20BE0820A1647033B4728CC8">52</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="7687FC19C2529E99A835EC0F2B039056">391</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="682C01007308788C6B7AD3FD28B64855">http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.052.0212</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="237C34C47B6CF31367FB191E6DDB4F5E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="34B558E29A4378E29B7F52B1541F3ED1" type="DOI">10.5733/afin.052.0212</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4ACC256FB0594242CD2097C1B41F3070" type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FDA115FFF7B37BEBBF98A3FCF7FE6D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342884" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8342884" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FDA115FFF7B37BEBBF98A3FCF7FE6D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FDA115FFF7B37BEBBF98A3FCF7FE6D" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="431" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">
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<subSubSection id="C34E4388FFF7B376EBBF98A3FC9AFCCD" box="[479,844,752,778]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF7B376EBBF98A3FC9AFCCD" blockId="37.[479,844,752,778]" box="[479,844,752,778]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">
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<heading id="D0A3A76FFFF7B376EBBF98A3FC9AFCCD" box="[479,844,752,778]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF7B376EBBF98A3FCDFFCCD" ID-CoL="8GTS8" authority="Kirk-Spriggs, 2011" authorityName="Kirk-Spriggs" authorityYear="2011" box="[479,777,752,778]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rinhatinana" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF7B376EBBF98A3FCDFFCCD" bold="true" box="[479,777,752,778]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Curtonotum rinhatinana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A213716AFFF7B376E97098A3FC9AFCCD" box="[784,844,752,778]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34E4388FFF7B37BEBC29948FCF7FE6D" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="431" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF7B376EBC29948FC5FFCF2" blockId="37.[418,905,794,821]" box="[418,905,794,821]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">
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<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF7B376EBC29948FE3FFCF2" box="[418,489,795,821]" captionStart="Figs 9–13" captionStartId="14.[144,183,1582,1604]" captionTargetBox="[144,1103,467,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-112@14.[144,1103,467,1562]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figs 9–13. Head and thorax (lateral view) of Curtonotum spp., males: (9) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (10) C. boeny, HT, Ambato-Boeni, MNHN; (11) C. griveaudi sp. n., HT, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (12) C. pauliani, N-T, Tsingy National Park, CAS; (13) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342936/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Figs 9</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF7B376EB959948FDC2FCF2" box="[501,532,795,821]" captionStart="Figs 14–26" captionStartId="17.[181,220,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-214@17.[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 14–26. Frons (dorsal view) of Curtonotum spp., males: (14) C. keiseri, PT, Mtge. D’Ambre, NHMB; (15) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (16) C. sternithrix, HT, Antanambe, MNHN; (17) C. irwini sp. n., HT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (18) C. parkeri sp. n., HT, same, CAS; (19) C. coronaeformis sp.n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (20) C. balachowskyi, HT, Fia Mananjary, MNHN; (21) C. gladiiformis sp. n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (22) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika, CAS; (23) C. boeny, HT, Ambato-Boeni, MNHN; (24) C. griveaudi sp. n., HT, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (25) C. pauliani, N-T, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (26) C. sakalava, N-T, Andohahela National Park, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342938/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">22</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF7B376E87F9949FDEBFCF2" box="[543,573,794,821]" captionStart="Figs 27–39" captionStartId="20.[144,183,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[154,1092,206,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-152@20.[151,1096,206,1464]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figs 27–39. Wing of Curtonotum spp., males, unless otherwise stated: (27) C. keiseri, N-T, Joffreville, TAU; (28) C. stuckenbergi, ♀ AT, Ambohitantely, NMSA; (29) C. sternithrix, PT, Manambato, NMSA; (30) C. irwini sp. n., PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (31) C. parkeri sp. n., HT, same, CAS; (32) C. coronaeformis sp. n., PT, near Isalo National Park, CAS; (33) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (34) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, near Isalo National Park, CAS; (35) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (36) C. boeny, ♀ PT,AmbataBoeni, MNHN; (37) C. griveaudi sp. n., N-T, Sambava Beach, TAU; (38) C. pauliani, N-T, Tsingy National Park, CAS; (39) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342940" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342940/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">35</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF7B376E8299948FCFFFCF2" box="[585,809,794,821]" captionStart="Figs 73–75" captionStartId="39.[181,220,624,646]" captionTargetBox="[191,1129,216,605]" captionTargetId="figure-425@39.[185,1137,204,609]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs 73–75. Male terminalia of Curtonotum rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika,CAS:(73) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view; (74) phallus, right lateral view, ejaculatory apodeme detached during dissection, but probably normally inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiaphallus; (74a) sperm pump, lateral view; (74b) sperm pump,? ventral view; (75) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342950/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">73, 74, 74a, 74b, 75</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF7B376E9559948FC85FCF2" box="[821,851,795,821]" captionStart="Figs 79–91" captionStartId="46.[144,183,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[146,1101,626,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-287@46.[144,1103,614,1472]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figs 79–91. Sternites 6 (79–85, 87–91) and 4–6 (86) of Curtonotum spp. males: (79) C. keiseri, N-T, Ambohitra, TAU; (80) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (81) C. irwini sp. n., PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (82) C. parkeri sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (83) C. coronaeformis sp. n., PT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (84) C. balachowskyi, N-T, same, CAS; (85) C. gladiiformis sp. n., N-T, same, CAS; (86) C. sternithrix, PT, Manambato, MNHN; (87) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika,CAS; (88) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka,CAS; (89) C. griveaudi sp.n., PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (90) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (91) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342954" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342954/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">87</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF7B376E93F9948FC5FFCF2" box="[863,905,795,821]" captionStart="Figs 97–101" captionStartId="52.[144,183,1630,1652]" captionTargetBox="[151,1096,542,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-161@52.[151,1096,542,1610]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="Figs 97–101. Distribution of Malagasy Curtonotom spp.: (97) C. coronaeformis sp. n.; (98) C. balachowskyi; (99) C. gladiiformis sp. n.; (100) C. rinhatinana sp. n.; (101) C. boeny." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342958" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342958/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">100</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF7B376EAD59916FC4AFCB8" blockId="37.[181,1141,837,896]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Etymology: The specific epithet is a combination of the names Rinha and Tina Harin’ Hala, in recognition of their contribution to Malagasy dipterology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF7B376EAD599C3FC36FBAD" blockId="37.[181,1142,912,1131]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">
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<materialsCitation id="3B3C1A5EFFF7B376EAD599C3FC0BFBAD" country="Madagascar" location="Madagascar" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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Differential diagnosis: Although similar in external characters to other species of the genus occurring in
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<collectingCountry id="F3435093FFF7B376EBE999E3FDC6FC0D" box="[393,528,944,970]" name="Madagascar" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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(inasmuch as the poor condition of the unique
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<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFF7B376EE7399E3FBA3FC0D" box="[1043,1141,944,970]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">holotype</typeStatus>
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allows comparison), the bizarre structure of the basiphallus and the presence of what is here interpreted as a sclerotised sperm pump, may preclude any direct association. This is the only know species worldwide to possess such a structure and this may be an ancient species, that has been retained as a relict on
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<collectingCountry id="F3435093FFF7B376E97C9E63FC70FB8D" box="[796,934,1072,1098]" name="Madagascar" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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. Associations with other species (if they exist), must await a detailed phylogenetic analysis
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF7B376EAD59E28FE97FB52" blockId="37.[181,1142,1147,1675]" box="[181,321,1147,1173]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Description:</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF7B376EAD59EF3FD57FB7D" blockId="37.[181,1142,1147,1675]" box="[181,641,1184,1211]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">
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<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF7B376EAD59EF3FF39FB7D" box="[181,239,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Male</emphasis>
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(based on unique fieldpinned HT).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF7B376EAD59E9BFC00FAE4" blockId="37.[181,1142,1147,1675]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">
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As redescribed for
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<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF7B376EBEB9E9BFD92FB25" box="[395,580,1224,1251]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
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<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF7B376EBEB9E9BFE48FB25" box="[395,414,1224,1250]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">C</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF7B376EBCC9E9BFD92FB25" box="[428,580,1224,1250]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">balachowskyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, differing in the following respects: Measurements: Overall length unknown; length of head and thorax combined
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<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFF7B376EE799EBBFBA7FAC4" box="[1049,1137,1256,1283]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
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; length of thorax and scutellum combined
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<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFF7B376E8E89F5BFD37FAE4" box="[648,737,1288,1315]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
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; wing length
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<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFF7B376E9189F5BFC07FAE4" box="[888,977,1288,1315]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF7B375EAD59F63FD0AFE60" blockId="37.[181,1142,1147,1675]" lastBlockId="38.[144,1104,204,424]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="429" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">
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<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF7B376EAD59F63FF24FA8D" box="[181,242,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Head</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF7B376EB649F63FE86FA8D" box="[260,336,1328,1354]" captionStart="Figs 9–13" captionStartId="14.[144,183,1582,1604]" captionTargetBox="[144,1103,467,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-112@14.[144,1103,467,1562]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figs 9–13. Head and thorax (lateral view) of Curtonotum spp., males: (9) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (10) C. boeny, HT, Ambato-Boeni, MNHN; (11) C. griveaudi sp. n., HT, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (12) C. pauliani, N-T, Tsingy National Park, CAS; (13) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342936/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Figs 9</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF7B376EB3F9F63FEA9FA8D" box="[351,383,1328,1354]" captionStart="Figs 14–26" captionStartId="17.[181,220,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-214@17.[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 14–26. Frons (dorsal view) of Curtonotum spp., males: (14) C. keiseri, PT, Mtge. D’Ambre, NHMB; (15) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (16) C. sternithrix, HT, Antanambe, MNHN; (17) C. irwini sp. n., HT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (18) C. parkeri sp. n., HT, same, CAS; (19) C. coronaeformis sp.n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (20) C. balachowskyi, HT, Fia Mananjary, MNHN; (21) C. gladiiformis sp. n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (22) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika, CAS; (23) C. boeny, HT, Ambato-Boeni, MNHN; (24) C. griveaudi sp. n., HT, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (25) C. pauliani, N-T, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (26) C. sakalava, N-T, Andohahela National Park, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342938/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">22</figureCitation>
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). Eye height/length ratio: 11:7 (HT); frons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF7B376E9E39F63FC0CFA8D" box="[899,986,1328,1354]" captionStart="Figs 14–26" captionStartId="17.[181,220,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-214@17.[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 14–26. Frons (dorsal view) of Curtonotum spp., males: (14) C. keiseri, PT, Mtge. D’Ambre, NHMB; (15) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (16) C. sternithrix, HT, Antanambe, MNHN; (17) C. irwini sp. n., HT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (18) C. parkeri sp. n., HT, same, CAS; (19) C. coronaeformis sp.n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (20) C. balachowskyi, HT, Fia Mananjary, MNHN; (21) C. gladiiformis sp. n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (22) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika, CAS; (23) C. boeny, HT, Ambato-Boeni, MNHN; (24) C. griveaudi sp. n., HT, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (25) C. pauliani, N-T, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (26) C. sakalava, N-T, Andohahela National Park, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342938/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
), subparallel-sided, slightly wider than long, frons length/width ratio: 6:8 (HT), slightly wider at vertex than at ventral margin, ground colour pale dirty yellow, vittae conspicuous, reaching ventral margin; orbital plates and ocellar triangle silver-grey pruinose, ocelli clear brown; orbital plates extending from vertex of head to 0.8 length of frons; lateral margins with very narrow silver pruinose fascia (adjacent to eye margin), widest at midlength of face (posterior and anterior orbital setae, postocellar and vertical setae missing on unique HT and cannot be described); ocellar setae short, only extending
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF7B376EE3B9C42FBA3F9ED" box="[1115,1141,1553,1578]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">ca</emphasis>
|
||
0.7 length of frons; antennal scape and pedicel dirty pale brown, silver-grey pruinose, flagellomere 1 concolourous with pedicel, darkened in apical ⅔, especially along anterior margin, slightly silver-grey pruinose, 2.5× as long as wide, apex evenly-rounded (right flagellomere 1 and left arista missing from HT and arista cannot be described); lunule brown, shiny; face uniform silver-grey pruinose throughout, with very narrow silver fascia (adjacent to eye margin), region between this fascia and ptilinal fissure yellowsilver pruinose, facial carina developed as a prominent ridge, extending ⅔ length of face, vibrissae strong; occiput grey pruinose; gena narrow, eye height/genal height ratio: 11:1 (HT), silver pruinose, abruptly dirty brown beyond basal angle; palpus thin, black, brown basally, brown microtrichose.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF4B375EAF09BEBFC4FFCD2" blockId="38.[144,1104,440,1180]" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF4B375EAF09BEBFF37FE15" box="[144,225,440,466]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF4B375EA8F9BEBFE94FE15" box="[239,322,440,466]" captionStart="Figs 14–26" captionStartId="17.[181,220,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-214@17.[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 14–26. Frons (dorsal view) of Curtonotum spp., males: (14) C. keiseri, PT, Mtge. D’Ambre, NHMB; (15) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (16) C. sternithrix, HT, Antanambe, MNHN; (17) C. irwini sp. n., HT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (18) C. parkeri sp. n., HT, same, CAS; (19) C. coronaeformis sp.n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (20) C. balachowskyi, HT, Fia Mananjary, MNHN; (21) C. gladiiformis sp. n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (22) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika, CAS; (23) C. boeny, HT, Ambato-Boeni, MNHN; (24) C. griveaudi sp. n., HT, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (25) C. pauliani, N-T, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (26) C. sakalava, N-T, Andohahela National Park, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342938/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesonotum (badly rubbed on unique HT), as described for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF4B375E9869BEBFB9FFE15" box="[998,1097,440,467]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boeny">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF4B375E9869BEBFC2FFE15" box="[998,1017,440,466]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF4B375EE669BEBFB9FFE15" box="[1030,1097,440,466]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">boeny</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, except: acrostichal setae slightly shorter than anterior dorsocentral seta (presutural and notopleural setae missing on HT and cannot be described); postalar setae, moderately strong, longer than acrostichal setae; postpronotum (postpronotal setae missing on HT, but socket size indicates two present), with 8 finer, blackbrown setulae; anepisternum silver-grey pruinose, with yellow pruinose patch in centre, with 3 moderately strong anepisternal setae (the more ventral missing on HT, but size of socket indicates this to be smaller and finer than dorsal and medial setae), with 20 fine setulae, some larger and arranged in 2 groups of 3 and 2; katepisternum with ventral katepisternal seta strong, the more dorsal much smaller and finer,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF4B375E8029888FDAAFD33" box="[610,636,731,756]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">ca</emphasis>
|
||
0.3 length of ventral katepisternal setae, surface with 15 short, fine setulae at base and along posterior margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF4B375EACA994FFDBFFCB0" blockId="38.[144,1104,440,1180]" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF4B375EACA994FFECEFCF1" box="[170,280,796,822]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">Scutellum</emphasis>
|
||
. Uniform, golden-silver-grey pruinose (medial vitta not discernable on HT, basomedial area rubbed); weak intermediate scutellar setula inserted 0.8 distance between medial and lateral scutellar setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF4B375EACA992CFC83FBDE" blockId="38.[144,1104,440,1180]" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF4B375EACA992CFF09FC5F" box="[170,223,895,920]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. Fore coxa with 8 diminutive brown setulae on anterior surface; mid coxa with 2 very strong, lateral, ventrally-directed black setae, 1 very strong medial seta and 5 brown setulae; fore tibia with 4 strong setae on lateral margin, the second basal seta of similar length to other three, with ctenidium of 9 or 10 short, sharp, black spinules, separated from each other by one or more basal spinule widths.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF4B375EACA9E71FCF4FB5B" blockId="38.[144,1104,440,1180]" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF4B375EACA9E71FF32FBFC" box="[170,228,1058,1083]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
(as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF4B375EB4D9E72FEA9FBFB" box="[301,383,1057,1084]" captionStart="Figs 27–39" captionStartId="20.[144,183,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[154,1092,206,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-152@20.[151,1096,206,1464]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figs 27–39. Wing of Curtonotum spp., males, unless otherwise stated: (27) C. keiseri, N-T, Joffreville, TAU; (28) C. stuckenbergi, ♀ AT, Ambohitantely, NMSA; (29) C. sternithrix, PT, Manambato, NMSA; (30) C. irwini sp. n., PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (31) C. parkeri sp. n., HT, same, CAS; (32) C. coronaeformis sp. n., PT, near Isalo National Park, CAS; (33) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (34) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, near Isalo National Park, CAS; (35) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (36) C. boeny, ♀ PT,AmbataBoeni, MNHN; (37) C. griveaudi sp. n., N-T, Sambava Beach, TAU; (38) C. pauliani, N-T, Tsingy National Park, CAS; (39) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342940" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342940/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
). Relatively short and very broad, tip slightly angularly rounded; veins chestnut-brown, membrane very faintly infuscate brown throughout, very slightly darker in medial region of
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF4B375EBDD9E31FE06FB45" box="[445,464,1122,1154]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">
|
||
r
|
||
<subScript id="17D01246FFF4B375EBA89E27FE06FB45" attach="left" box="[456,464,1140,1154]" fontSize="6" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and in region of
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF4B375E8F19E31FD0AFBBB" box="[657,732,1122,1148]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">dm–cu</emphasis>
|
||
crossvein;
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF4B375E93C9E31FC71FBBB" box="[860,935,1122,1148]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">dm–cu</emphasis>
|
||
crossvein subvertical, with indentation in basal half; haltere pale yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF4B375EAF09EFFFDBEF98E" blockId="38.[144,1104,1196,1674]" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF4B375EAF09EFFFF2CFB01" box="[144,250,1196,1222]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
(Tergites 1–2 damaged on macerated abdomen of HT): Ground colour of tergites unknown; tergites 3–5 with narrow, V-shaped concolourous median fascia and well separated and greatly reduced concolourous T-shaped dorsolateral macula, apparently not merging with fascia, lateral margin of tergites 2–5 with subelliptical concolourous macula in basal half; sternite 4, quadrate, evenly rounded laterally, with straight apical margin; sternite 5 rectangular, evenly-rounded at sides, slightly less that twice length of sternite 4, with faint lateral macula, both unmodified, with sparse brown setulae arranged in irregular rows, those along lateral and apical margins of sternite 4 slightly longer and stronger; sternite 6 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF4B375E8AC9FFDFCF6FA0F" box="[716,800,1454,1480]" captionStart="Figs 79–91" captionStartId="46.[144,183,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[146,1101,626,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-287@46.[144,1103,614,1472]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figs 79–91. Sternites 6 (79–85, 87–91) and 4–6 (86) of Curtonotum spp. males: (79) C. keiseri, N-T, Ambohitra, TAU; (80) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (81) C. irwini sp. n., PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (82) C. parkeri sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (83) C. coronaeformis sp. n., PT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (84) C. balachowskyi, N-T, same, CAS; (85) C. gladiiformis sp. n., N-T, same, CAS; (86) C. sternithrix, PT, Manambato, MNHN; (87) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika,CAS; (88) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka,CAS; (89) C. griveaudi sp.n., PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (90) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (91) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342954" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342954/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">Fig. 87</figureCitation>
|
||
) subquadrate (may appear narrower than
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF4B375EB589F9DFE5CFA2F" box="[312,394,1486,1512]" captionStart="Figs 79–91" captionStartId="46.[144,183,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[146,1101,626,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-287@46.[144,1103,614,1472]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figs 79–91. Sternites 6 (79–85, 87–91) and 4–6 (86) of Curtonotum spp. males: (79) C. keiseri, N-T, Ambohitra, TAU; (80) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (81) C. irwini sp. n., PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (82) C. parkeri sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (83) C. coronaeformis sp. n., PT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (84) C. balachowskyi, N-T, same, CAS; (85) C. gladiiformis sp. n., N-T, same, CAS; (86) C. sternithrix, PT, Manambato, MNHN; (87) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika,CAS; (88) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka,CAS; (89) C. griveaudi sp.n., PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (90) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (91) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342954" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342954/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFF4B375EB0E9F9DFE5CFA2F" box="[366,394,1486,1512]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2098" pageId="38" pageNumber="429" unit="in" value="87.0">87</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
in undissected specimens), narrowed basally, evenly rounded laterally, with very shallow, broad excision apically, with indistinct medial macula and fascia laterally, clothed in short, brown, regular setulae in apical ⅔, those at apical margin spare, longer and more prominent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF4B374EACA9C03FBB2F998" blockId="38.[144,1104,1196,1674]" lastBlockId="39.[181,1142,805,1672]" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="430" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF4B375EACA9C03FEF2F9AD" box="[170,292,1616,1642]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">Terminalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF4B375EB589C03FE25F9AC" box="[312,499,1616,1643]" captionStart="Figs 73–75" captionStartId="39.[181,220,624,646]" captionTargetBox="[191,1129,216,605]" captionTargetId="figure-425@39.[185,1137,204,609]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs 73–75. Male terminalia of Curtonotum rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika,CAS:(73) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view; (74) phallus, right lateral view, ejaculatory apodeme detached during dissection, but probably normally inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiaphallus; (74a) sperm pump, lateral view; (74b) sperm pump,? ventral view; (75) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342950/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">Figs 73, 74, 75</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hypandrium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF4B375E8CD9C03FCD2F9AD" box="[685,772,1616,1642]" captionStart="Figs 73–75" captionStartId="39.[181,220,624,646]" captionTargetBox="[191,1129,216,605]" captionTargetId="figure-425@39.[185,1137,204,609]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs 73–75. Male terminalia of Curtonotum rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika,CAS:(73) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view; (74) phallus, right lateral view, ejaculatory apodeme detached during dissection, but probably normally inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiaphallus; (74a) sperm pump, lateral view; (74b) sperm pump,? ventral view; (75) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342950/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF4B375E9759C03FCF9F9AD" box="[789,815,1616,1642]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="429">hy</emphasis>
|
||
) long, with broad-based rounded-truncate dorsobasal lobe, posterior bridge dorsally and ventrally produced (rounded to slightly angulate in profile); hypandrial arms narrow basally, expanded apically (viewed laterally), with 2 setulae proximal to postgonite, the more lateral ventrally directed, the medial ventromedially directed (obscured by epandrium on
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF5B374EE779936FBBEFCB8" box="[1047,1128,869,895]" captionStart="Figs 73–75" captionStartId="39.[181,220,624,646]" captionTargetBox="[191,1129,216,605]" captionTargetId="figure-425@39.[185,1137,204,609]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs 73–75. Male terminalia of Curtonotum rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika,CAS:(73) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view; (74) phallus, right lateral view, ejaculatory apodeme detached during dissection, but probably normally inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiaphallus; (74a) sperm pump, lateral view; (74b) sperm pump,? ventral view; (75) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342950/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
|
||
), sclerotised area of medial lobes (viewed dorsally), parallel-sided, well separated; postgonite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF5B374EB6A99F6FE8DFC78" box="[266,347,933,959]" captionStart="Figs 73–75" captionStartId="39.[181,220,624,646]" captionTargetBox="[191,1129,216,605]" captionTargetId="figure-425@39.[185,1137,204,609]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs 73–75. Male terminalia of Curtonotum rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika,CAS:(73) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view; (74) phallus, right lateral view, ejaculatory apodeme detached during dissection, but probably normally inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiaphallus; (74a) sperm pump, lateral view; (74b) sperm pump,? ventral view; (75) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342950/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF5B374EB0599F5FE57FC78" box="[357,385,934,959]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">pg</emphasis>
|
||
) very short, relatively broad, with slight undulating anterior margin; epandrium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF5B374EB219996FE41FC18" box="[321,407,965,991]" captionStart="Figs 73–75" captionStartId="39.[181,220,624,646]" captionTargetBox="[191,1129,216,605]" captionTargetId="figure-425@39.[185,1137,204,609]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs 73–75. Male terminalia of Curtonotum rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika,CAS:(73) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view; (74) phallus, right lateral view, ejaculatory apodeme detached during dissection, but probably normally inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiaphallus; (74a) sperm pump, lateral view; (74b) sperm pump,? ventral view; (75) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342950/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF5B374EBC79995FE17FC18" box="[423,449,966,991]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">ep</emphasis>
|
||
) slightly broader dorsally than ventrally (viewed laterally), evenly rounded on dorsal margin, posterior margin angled, ventral margin with row of long regular to irregular, apically-directed setae; cercus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF5B374E92B9E56FC4BFBD8" box="[843,925,1029,1055]" captionStart="Figs 73–75" captionStartId="39.[181,220,624,646]" captionTargetBox="[191,1129,216,605]" captionTargetId="figure-425@39.[185,1137,204,609]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs 73–75. Male terminalia of Curtonotum rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika,CAS:(73) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view; (74) phallus, right lateral view, ejaculatory apodeme detached during dissection, but probably normally inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiaphallus; (74a) sperm pump, lateral view; (74b) sperm pump,? ventral view; (75) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342950/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF5B374E9C89E55FC17FBD8" box="[936,961,1030,1055]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">ce</emphasis>
|
||
) not prominent, longest setae longer than setae on dorsal margin of epandrium; surstylus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF5B374E9969E76FB9FFBF8" box="[1014,1097,1061,1087]" captionStart="Figs 73–75" captionStartId="39.[181,220,624,646]" captionTargetBox="[191,1129,216,605]" captionTargetId="figure-425@39.[185,1137,204,609]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs 73–75. Male terminalia of Curtonotum rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika,CAS:(73) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view; (74) phallus, right lateral view, ejaculatory apodeme detached during dissection, but probably normally inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiaphallus; (74a) sperm pump, lateral view; (74b) sperm pump,? ventral view; (75) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342950/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF5B374EE369E75FBBAFBF8" box="[1110,1132,1062,1087]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">ss</emphasis>
|
||
) very short, widest basally, slightly curved in apical half; phallus (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF5B374E9A89E16FBC8FB98" box="[968,1054,1093,1119]" captionStart="Figs 73–75" captionStartId="39.[181,220,624,646]" captionTargetBox="[191,1129,216,605]" captionTargetId="figure-425@39.[185,1137,204,609]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs 73–75. Male terminalia of Curtonotum rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika,CAS:(73) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view; (74) phallus, right lateral view, ejaculatory apodeme detached during dissection, but probably normally inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiaphallus; (74a) sperm pump, lateral view; (74b) sperm pump,? ventral view; (75) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342950/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">Figs 74</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF5B374EE499E16FB93FB98" box="[1065,1093,1093,1119]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">ph</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF5B374EE329E16FBB8FB98" box="[1106,1134,1093,1119]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">bp</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF5B374EAD59E36FF07FBB8" box="[181,209,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">dp</emphasis>
|
||
, 75,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF5B374EB6C9E36FEFEFBB8" box="[268,296,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">bp</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF5B374EB579E36FE85FBB8" box="[311,339,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">dp</emphasis>
|
||
) highly modified, heavily sclerotised, brown, especially along anterior margin; phallapodeme (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF5B374EBA39ED6FDC1FB58" box="[451,535,1157,1183]" captionStart="Figs 73–75" captionStartId="39.[181,220,624,646]" captionTargetBox="[191,1129,216,605]" captionTargetId="figure-425@39.[185,1137,204,609]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs 73–75. Male terminalia of Curtonotum rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika,CAS:(73) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view; (74) phallus, right lateral view, ejaculatory apodeme detached during dissection, but probably normally inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiaphallus; (74a) sperm pump, lateral view; (74b) sperm pump,? ventral view; (75) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342950/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">Fig. 74</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF5B374E8449ED6FD96FB58" box="[548,576,1157,1183]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">ph</emphasis>
|
||
) fused to basiphallus, subtriangular and flat, with heavilysclerotised region basally (viewed laterally); ejaculatory apodeme detached during dissection (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF5B374EBED9E96FE35FB27" box="[397,483,1221,1248]" captionStart="Figs 73–75" captionStartId="39.[181,220,624,646]" captionTargetBox="[191,1129,216,605]" captionTargetId="figure-425@39.[185,1137,204,609]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs 73–75. Male terminalia of Curtonotum rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika,CAS:(73) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view; (74) phallus, right lateral view, ejaculatory apodeme detached during dissection, but probably normally inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiaphallus; (74a) sperm pump, lateral view; (74b) sperm pump,? ventral view; (75) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342950/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">Fig. 75</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF5B374EB939E95FDDBFB18" box="[499,525,1222,1247]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">ea</emphasis>
|
||
) but free, with duct probably inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiphallus; basiphallus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF5B374E8D09EB6FCD0FB38" box="[688,774,1253,1279]" captionStart="Figs 73–75" captionStartId="39.[181,220,624,646]" captionTargetBox="[191,1129,216,605]" captionTargetId="figure-425@39.[185,1137,204,609]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs 73–75. Male terminalia of Curtonotum rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika,CAS:(73) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view; (74) phallus, right lateral view, ejaculatory apodeme detached during dissection, but probably normally inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiaphallus; (74a) sperm pump, lateral view; (74b) sperm pump,? ventral view; (75) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342950/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">Fig. 74</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF5B374E9749EB6FCE6FB38" box="[788,816,1253,1279]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">bp</emphasis>
|
||
) grossly expanded, forming extensive, extremely wide, sclerotised, half-moon-shaped plate, strongly concave on left side, arm of basiphallus discernable through plate cuticle for basal half and apical ⅔; distiphallus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF5B374EB109F16FE2EFAA7" box="[368,504,1349,1376]" captionStart="Figs 73–75" captionStartId="39.[181,220,624,646]" captionTargetBox="[191,1129,216,605]" captionTargetId="figure-425@39.[185,1137,204,609]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs 73–75. Male terminalia of Curtonotum rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika,CAS:(73) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view; (74) phallus, right lateral view, ejaculatory apodeme detached during dissection, but probably normally inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiaphallus; (74a) sperm pump, lateral view; (74b) sperm pump,? ventral view; (75) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342950/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">Figs 74, 75</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF5B374E8689F16FDF2FA98" box="[520,548,1349,1375]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">dp</emphasis>
|
||
) extremely short, with relatively broad, sclerotised basal section (viewed laterally,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF5B374E8799F36FDBDFA47" box="[537,619,1381,1408]" captionStart="Figs 73–75" captionStartId="39.[181,220,624,646]" captionTargetBox="[191,1129,216,605]" captionTargetId="figure-425@39.[185,1137,204,609]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs 73–75. Male terminalia of Curtonotum rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika,CAS:(73) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view; (74) phallus, right lateral view, ejaculatory apodeme detached during dissection, but probably normally inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiaphallus; (74a) sperm pump, lateral view; (74b) sperm pump,? ventral view; (75) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342950/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">Fig. 75</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF5B374E8189F36FD42FAB8" box="[632,660,1381,1407]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">dp</emphasis>
|
||
), right margin indented laterally, with crenulated margin, right lateral margin with membrane with short forked process (may have become detached from lateral margin during dissection), blade ending in acute point, left margin with black-brown sclerotised, apically recurved bar, with curved, downwardly-directed process at point of bend; sperm pump (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF5B374E9139FB6FBC4FA38" box="[883,1042,1509,1535]" captionStart="Figs 73–75" captionStartId="39.[181,220,624,646]" captionTargetBox="[191,1129,216,605]" captionTargetId="figure-425@39.[185,1137,204,609]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figs 73–75. Male terminalia of Curtonotum rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika,CAS:(73) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view; (74) phallus, right lateral view, ejaculatory apodeme detached during dissection, but probably normally inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiaphallus; (74a) sperm pump, lateral view; (74b) sperm pump,? ventral view; (75) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342950/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">Figs 74a, 74b</figureCitation>
|
||
) heavily sclerotised, brown, with rugose surface, capsulate, ovoid, with apical extension and distinct sclerotised lip around apical opening (this became detached during dissection and its position in relation to the rest of the terminalia complex cannot be accessed).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2B408BFFF5B374EAD59823FD8EFD22" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342950" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8342950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342950/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="430" startId="39.[181,220,624,646]" targetBox="[191,1129,216,605]" targetPageId="39" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF5B374EAD59823FD8EFD22" blockId="39.[181,1142,624,742]" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">
|
||
Figs 73–75. Male terminalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF5B374EBB09823FD7BFD42" authority="Kirk-Spriggs, 2011" authorityName="Kirk-Spriggs" authorityYear="2011" box="[464,685,624,645]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rinhatinana" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF5B374EBB09823FD7BFD42" box="[464,685,624,645]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">Curtonotum rinhatinana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A213716AFFF5B374E8D29823FD35FD42" box="[690,739,624,645]" pageId="39" pageNumber="430" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, HT, Ankarafantsika, CAS: (73) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view; (74) phallus, right lateral view, ejaculatory apodeme detached during dissection, but probably normally inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiaphallus; (74a) sperm pump, lateral view; (74b) sperm pump,? ventral view; (75) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF5B374EAD59C3EFCADF940" blockId="39.[181,1142,805,1672]" box="[181,891,1645,1672]" pageId="39" pageNumber="430">Variation: Insufficient material is available to assess variability.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFFAB37BEAF09A98FF3AFE86" blockId="40.[144,1104,203,427]" pageId="40" pageNumber="431">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3C1A5EFFFAB37BEAF09A98FF3AFE86" collectingDate="1959-12-01" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="E. S. Ross & A. H. Kirk-Spriggs" country="Madagascar" county="Marovoay" location="Ankarafantsika" municipality="Forest Reserve" pageId="40" pageNumber="431" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFFAB37BEAF09A98FF3EFF26" box="[144,232,203,225]" pageId="40" pageNumber="431">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFFAB37BEA909A9FFED7FF26" box="[240,257,204,225]" pageId="40" pageNumber="431" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
“
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3435093FFFAB37BEB6E9A9FFE63FF26" box="[270,437,204,225]" name="Madagascar" pageId="40" pageNumber="431">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
|
||
: /
|
||
<location id="8E8B46D8FFFAB37BEBA89A98FD84FF26" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FDA115FFF7B37BEBBF98A3FCF7FE6D:8E8B46D8FFFAB37BEBA89A98FD84FF26" box="[456,594,203,225]" country="Madagascar" county="Marovoay" municipality="Forest Reserve" name="Ankarafantsika" pageId="40" pageNumber="431">Ankarafantsika</location>
|
||
/ (
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8F8A79FFFAB37BE8099A9FFD22FF26" box="[617,756,204,225]" pageId="40" pageNumber="431">Forest Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
) / near
|
||
<collectingCounty id="628A688FFFFAB37BE9579A9FFC42FF26" box="[823,916,204,225]" pageId="40" pageNumber="431">Marovoay</collectingCounty>
|
||
/
|
||
<date id="FFEA36C3FFFAB37BE9C69A9FFBDBFF26" box="[934,1037,203,225]" pageId="40" pageNumber="431" value="1959-12-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAECF2BFFFAB37BE9C69A9FFBDBFF26" box="[934,1037,203,225]" pageId="40" pageNumber="431" value="1959-12-01">XII11959</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
//
|
||
<collectorName id="26A175D5FFFAB37BEE449A9FFF6AFF3E" pageId="40" pageNumber="431">E. S. Ross</collectorName>
|
||
/ Collector //
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFFAB37BEB5A9AB7FE64FF3E" box="[314,434,228,249]" pageId="40" pageNumber="431">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFFAB37BEBD79AB7FE1EFF3E" box="[439,456,228,249]" pageId="40" pageNumber="431" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFFAB37BEBBA9AB7FD9EFF3E" authorityName=": Macquart" authorityYear="1844" box="[474,584,228,249]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="431" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFFAB37BEBBA9AB7FD9EFF3E" box="[474,584,228,249]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="431">Curtonotum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFFAB37BE83A9AB0FD13FF3F" authority="Kirk-Spriggs, 2011" authorityName="Kirk-Spriggs" authorityYear="2011" box="[602,709,227,248]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="431" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rinhatinana" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFFAB37BE83A9AB0FD13FF3F" box="[602,709,227,248]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="431">rinhatinana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A213716AFFFAB37BE8AA9AB7FD2AFF3E" box="[714,764,228,249]" pageId="40" pageNumber="431" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectorName id="26A175D5FFFAB37BE96C9AB7FC62FF3E" box="[780,948,227,249]" pageId="40" pageNumber="431">A.H. Kirk-Spriggs</collectorName>
|
||
2010 [red card]” (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4588C6FFFAB37BEAF69AAFFF10FED6" box="[150,198,252,273]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="40" pageNumber="431" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
|
||
). In fair condition, mesonotum rubbed, some head setation missing and tarsi damaged; one wing detached and glued to card; card-pointed; dissected, abdomen and terminalia in micro-vial pinned beneath specimen.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFFAB37BEAF09B03FCF7FE6D" blockId="40.[144,1104,203,427]" pageId="40" pageNumber="431">
|
||
Distribution (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFFAB37BEB459B03FE5EFEAD" box="[293,392,336,362]" captionStart="Figs 97–101" captionStartId="52.[144,183,1630,1652]" captionTargetBox="[151,1096,542,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-161@52.[151,1096,542,1610]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="Figs 97–101. Distribution of Malagasy Curtonotom spp.: (97) C. coronaeformis sp. n.; (98) C. balachowskyi; (99) C. gladiiformis sp. n.; (100) C. rinhatinana sp. n.; (101) C. boeny." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342958" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342958/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="431">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
|
||
): Apparently confined to the Western Dry Forest vegetation
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFFAB37BEE7F9B03FB99FEAD" box="[1055,1103,336,362]" pageId="40" pageNumber="431">type</typeStatus>
|
||
in the Dry Deciduous Forest biome. In the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4990DEE1FFFAB37BE8149B23FD22FE4D" box="[628,756,368,394]" country="South Africa" name="North West" pageId="40" pageNumber="431">North West</collectingRegion>
|
||
biogeographical zone and Dry bioclimatic zone (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFFAB37BEB389BC3FE21FE6C" box="[344,503,400,427]" captionStart="Figs 105–107" captionStartId="54.[144,183,783,805]" captionTargetBox="[155,1083,217,767]" captionTargetId="figure-361@54.[151,1096,204,767]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Figs 105–107. (105) The biomes of Madagascar (after Yoder & Nowak 2006); (106) biogeographic zonation of Madagascar, following Boumans et al. (2007) and partly Wilmé et al. (2006) (after Glaw & Vences 2007); (107) bioclimatic zonation of Madagascar, following Cornet (1974) and Schatz (2000) (after Glaw & Vences 2007)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342964/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="431">Figs 105–107</figureCitation>
|
||
; Tables 1–3; Appendix II).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |