treatments-xml/data/03/C3/21/03C321127F512F6E36ACF919FCB2F8FE.xml

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<mods:title id="8CB7B3143F6FACACDDFA285E40AE25CD">The tribal placement of Urocorthylus Petrov, Mandelshtam &amp; Beaver, with a description of the male of U. hirtellus Petrov et al., and notes on its biology (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6AEE287B82A787C574DBB4A6B5282A42">Johnson, Andrew J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7C1504D03D505D1568F6C8C1138B3792">These authors contributed equally to this study</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="524278C2E20408BAACBE5E013AFAC26D">Sittichaya, Wisut</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E69002F977651543AE915C77B3D8F56A">Agricultural Innovation and Management Division, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand. wanakorn 62 @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6200 - 1285 &amp; These authors contributed equally to this study</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A9EAA5D9ECCF1DF587B6AEDBDE0EF8F5">Lai, Shengchang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0AA2161243C1161309202801E7C4ED2E">Li, You</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="23EA7ADF704967059D1E94B44FA664FB">Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China. yourreason @ hotmail. com; http: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9952 - 9542</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F8AF3CF3CF1FF18E11DC4D3D9CC4DADE">Beaver, Roger A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BB5958AAC051E73578E8B5B5130F9621">161 / 2 Mu 5, Soi Wat Pranon, T. Donkaew, A. Maerim, Chiangmai 50180, Thailand.</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6AEB877F512F6836ACF919FCF0F970" ID-CoL="7DTFR" ID-ENA="2771345" authority="Petrov, Mandelshtam &amp; Beaver, 2007" authorityName="Petrov, Mandelshtam &amp; Beaver" authorityYear="2007" box="[151,893,1765,1792]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Urocorthylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtellus">
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<emphasis id="B91E4C167F512F6836ACF919FE2EF88F" bold="true" box="[151,419,1765,1792]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Urocorthylus hirtellus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFBEDF57F512F683790F91AFCF0F970" author="Petrov, A. V. &amp; Mandelshtam, M. Yu. &amp; Beaver, R. A." box="[427,893,1765,1792]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" pagination="249 - 254" refId="ref6537" refString="Petrov, A. V., Mandelshtam, M. Yu. &amp; Beaver, R. A. (2007) Urocorthylus gen. n.: a remarkable monotypical scolytine genus from northern Vietnam. Koleopterologische Rundschau, 77, 249 - 254." type="journal article" year="2007">Petrov, Mandelshtam &amp; Beaver, 2007</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13518C817F512F6836ACF8F5FF75F8AC" box="[151,248,1801,1827]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStart-4="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1623,1647]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,1543,1567]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionStartId-3="7.[151,250,844,868]" captionStartId-4="7.[151,250,1458,1482]" captionTargetBox-0="[293,1295,550,1599]" captionTargetBox-1="[157,1429,181,1519]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,182,1763]" captionTargetBox-4="[369,1223,907,1434]" captionTargetId-0="figure-109@3.[293,1295,550,1599]" captionTargetId-1="figure-20@4.[157,1430,181,1519]" captionTargetId-2="figure-20@6.[151,1435,181,1763]" captionTargetId-3="figure-34@7.[368,1220,181,821]" captionTargetId-4="figure-48@7.[365,1223,893,1434]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionTargetPageId-4="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Urocorthylus hirtellus male, A) Lateral view with elytron removed showing metanepisternal spine (UFFE:30356), B) Proventriculus (UFFE:30356), C–D) Aedeagus (UFFE:30363)." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Urocorthylus hirtellus female, JXAU_S20180128001, A) dorsal view, B) lateral view, C) frons, D) antenna, E) declivital oblique, F) declivital face." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Urocorthylus hirtellus male, JXAU_S20180128001, A) dorsal view, B) lateral view, C) frons, D) antenna, E) declivital oblique, F) declivital face." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Urocorthylus hirtellus larval galleries in bark of Quercus glauca." captionText-4="FIGURE 6. Urocorthylus hirtellus emergence holes of adults in bark of Quercus glauca." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8054213" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8054217" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8054219" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8056936" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8054221" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8054213/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8054217/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8054219/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/8056936/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/8054221/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Figs 2‒6</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="B91E4C167F512F6836ACF8B2FEF5F8E9" box="[151,376,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Urocorthylus hirtellus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFBEDF57F512F683745F8B2FCBFF8E9" author="Petrov, A. V. &amp; Mandelshtam, M. Yu. &amp; Beaver, R. A." box="[382,818,1870,1894]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" pagination="249 - 254" refId="ref6537" refString="Petrov, A. V., Mandelshtam, M. Yu. &amp; Beaver, R. A. (2007) Urocorthylus gen. n.: a remarkable monotypical scolytine genus from northern Vietnam. Koleopterologische Rundschau, 77, 249 - 254." type="journal article" year="2007">Petrov, Mandelshtam &amp; Beaver, 2007: 251</bibRefCitation>
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The species was described from the female only (
<figureCitation id="13518C817F512F6834FDF868FC87F821" box="[710,778,1940,1966]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1543,1567]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,181,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-20@4.[157,1430,181,1519]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Urocorthylus hirtellus female, JXAU_S20180128001, A) dorsal view, B) lateral view, C) frons, D) antenna, E) declivital oblique, F) declivital face." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8054217" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8054217/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Here, we describe the male (
<figureCitation id="13518C817F512F683258F868FB2AF821" box="[1123,1191,1940,1966]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,182,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-20@6.[151,1435,181,1763]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Urocorthylus hirtellus male, JXAU_S20180128001, A) dorsal view, B) lateral view, C) frons, D) antenna, E) declivital oblique, F) declivital face." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8054219" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8054219/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
), based on specimens collected in 
<collectingRegion id="49AE5EE67F512F683718F845FE6EF85D" box="[291,483,1976,2003]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Yunnan province</collectingRegion>
in south-western 
<collectingCountry id="F37DD0947F512F68348AF844FD7AF85D" box="[689,759,1976,2002]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">China</collectingCountry>
, and in 
<collectingRegion id="49AE5EE67F512F68356FF844FBC3F85D" box="[852,1102,1976,2002]" country="Thailand" name="Chaiyaphum" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Chaiyaphum province</collectingRegion>
in the northeastern region of 
<collectingCountry id="F37DD0947F512F6836ACF820FF73F879" box="[151,254,2012,2038]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Thailand</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD590047F562F6F36ACF9FBFD8AF9CC" blockId="4.[151,1436,1543,1603]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F562F6F36ACF9FBFE98F990" bold="true" box="[151,277,1543,1567]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6AEB877F562F6F3726F9FBFD8DF990" authorityName="Petrov, Mandelshtam &amp; Beaver" authorityYear="2007" box="[285,512,1543,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Urocorthylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtellus">
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F562F6F3726F9FBFD8DF990" box="[285,512,1543,1567]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Urocorthylus hirtellus</emphasis>
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female, JXAU_S20180128001, A) dorsal view, B) lateral view, C) frons, D) antenna, E) declivital oblique, F) declivital face.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD590047F562F6E36FCF98DFA10FC46" blockId="4.[151,1437,1649,2036]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,1905]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="121" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F562F6F36FCF98DFEC0F904" bold="true" box="[199,333,1649,1675]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Masc. nov.</emphasis>
<quantity id="4C923DE17F562F6F3761F98DFD89F903" box="[346,516,1649,1676]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.865" metricValueMax="3.15" metricValueMin="2.58" pageId="4" pageNumber="120" unit="mm" value="2.865" valueMax="3.15" valueMin="2.58">2.58–3.15 mm</quantity>
long (mean 2.82, n=5), 2.36–2.52 times as long as wide (mean 2.43, n=5). 
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F562F6F36ACF969FE92F920" bold="true" box="[151,287,1685,1711]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Coloration.</emphasis>
Bicolored, pronotal base (or pronotum as a whole) and appendages ferruginous, pronotal anterior slope and elytra black. Head brown, paler ventrally, pronotum brown ventrally, abdomen blackish brown, antennae and legs yellowish. 
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F562F6F377CF921FE03F978" bold="true" box="[327,398,1757,1783]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Head.</emphasis>
Epistoma entire, weakly sinuate above, with a row of moderately long hair-like setae. Frons below upper margin of eyes flat, upper part slightly convex, subshining, without longitudinal medial line; coarsely, densely rugose-punctate, punctures smaller, denser and shallower toward epistoma, bearing long, erect hair-like setae. Eye moderately large, broad, with a small, shallow emargination just above antennal insertion, upper portion distinctly smaller than lower part. Submentum moderately sized, triangular, punctate, with short erect hairlike setae. 
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F562F6F36ACF86DFE88F824" bold="true" box="[151,261,1937,1963]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">Antenna.</emphasis>
Scape clavate, shorter than club. Pedicel slightly narrower than scape, shorter than funicle. Funicle 2- segmented, segment 1 shorter than pedicel, segment 2 small, inconspicuous. Antennal club oval, about 1.5 times as long as wide, compressed, without visible sutures or septa, densely and uniformly pubescent, except for triangular or parallel-sided area at the base), glabrous, shining area extending about half length of club. 
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E329CFF6BFAAAFF3E" bold="true" box="[1191,1319,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Pronotum.</emphasis>
1.04–1.11 times as long as wide (mean 1.08, n=5), sides parallel in basal half, then narrowing to rounded apex, without a distinct pre-apical constriction; anterior margin with 4 or 5 small serrations; anterior slope with subcontiguous small asperities, flatter, more transverse and almost imbricate in middle, smaller and more widely separated towards sides, becoming lower and narrower towards summit, slope with a mixture of less numerous, fine, long, erect, hair-like setae, and similar but more numerous, shorter, semi-recumbent setae; disc densely granulate-punctate behind summit becoming punctate towards base; sides densely, finely punctate; surface smooth, shining between punctures; disc and sides with dense, very fine, forwardly-directed, appressed hairs of variable length, and less dense scattered, long, erect, hair-like setae; posterior margin sinuate with a fringe of short, posteriorly-directed setae below the margin. 
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E3749FE26FE7CFE7B" bold="true" box="[370,497,474,500]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Scutellum.</emphasis>
Large, tongue-shaped, shining, impunctate, contrasting with subshining, strongly punctured elytra. 
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E3766FE03FE24FD96" bold="true" box="[349,425,511,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Elytra</emphasis>
. 1.28–1.54 times as long as wide (mean 1.42, n=5), 1.27–1.52 times as long as pronotum (mean 1.40, n=5); elytral bases slightly concave, as wide as pronotum, subparallel in basal 2/3, then strongly angled to apex, broadest at upper margin of declivity. Disc slightly convex, subshining, striae and interstriae obsolete near base, very densely rugulose-punctate, except laterally where deeply punctured; apical half of disc with impressed striae and ridged interstriae, the latter with an irregular row of tubercles; disc with a dense covering comprising sparser, long, erect hair–like setae, and more numerous, shorter, semi recumbent, plumose setae, the latter extremely dense on posterior half of elytra giving a woolly appearance. Declivity abruptly truncate, beginning in posterior 2/3 of elytra; striae impressed, narrow, with 3 or 4 irregular rows of short, plumose setae; interstriae ridged, each with a row of shining, rounded tubercles, interstriae 1 broader than outer interstriae and with additional scattered granules and rugosities, interstrial setae distinctly shorter than on disc; interstriae 1 at apex of elytra with a pair of small, weakly tapering processes with rounded tips, the size and form varying between individuals, dorsal face of processes, densely punctured with minute, very short setae. 
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E3511FC77FCE4FC2A" bold="true" box="[810,873,907,933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Legs.</emphasis>
Procoxae slightly separated, Protibia not flattened, armed by 3 or 4 socketed denticles on anterior margin. Meso- and metatibiae flat, with denticles on the apical third.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD590047F572F6E36ACFC2EFA10FC62" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1905]" box="[151,1437,978,1005]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E36ACFC2EFEC2FC63" bold="true" box="[151,335,978,1004]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Proventriculus.</emphasis>
Apical plate approximately 1/3 of the length. Median suture open, with teeth along medial margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD590047F572F6E36ACFC0AFC3CFBD6" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E36ACFC0AFE9CFB9F" bold="true" box="[151,273,1014,1040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Aedeagus.</emphasis>
Penis apodemes separate, and about a third of the total length. Penis body broad, about 3.0 times as long as wide. Tegmen broad, strongly sclerotized, appearing to be sclerotized over its entire circumference. Spiculum gastrale narrow. Base of flagellum membranous with no sclerotization.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C370C38F7F572F6E36FCFB9EFD98FA4E" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD590047F572F6E36FCFB9EFE1CFA82" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E36FCFB9EFD46FBF2" bold="true" box="[199,715,1122,1149]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Material examined for description of male.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B029A597F572F6E34E8FB9FFF3FFB4A" collectingDate="2020-01-28" collectionCode="RABC" collectorName="Lai" country="China" elevation="1033" latitude="22.246262" location="Menghai co." longLatPrecision="1" longitude="100.60283" municipality="Jing-Hong" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<collectingCountry id="F37DD0947F572F6E34E8FB9FFCA2FBF2" box="[723,815,1123,1149]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">CHINA</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49AE5EE67F572F6E3502FB9FFC1FFBF2" box="[825,914,1123,1149]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB10A7E7F572F6E35A5FB9FFB99FBF2" box="[926,1044,1123,1149]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Jing-Hong</collectingMunicipality>
city, 
<location id="8EB5C6DF7F572F6E3268FB9FFB6FFBF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C321127F512F6E36ACF919FCB2F8FE:8EB5C6DF7F572F6E3268FB9FFB6FFBF2" box="[1107,1250,1123,1149]" country="China" latitude="22.246262" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="100.60283" municipality="Jing-Hong" name="Menghai co." pageId="5" pageNumber="121" stateProvince="Yunnan">Menghai co.</location>
, Na-ban-he Nat. Res., Guo-men-shan, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5EF6C37F572F6E37B2FB74FDB8FB2C" box="[393,565,1160,1187]" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" precision="1" seconds="46.54" value="22.246262">22°14′46.54′′N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5EF6C37F572F6E347BFB74FD65FB2C" box="[576,744,1160,1187]" degrees="100" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" precision="1" seconds="10.2" value="100.60283">100°36′10.2′′E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4C923DE17F572F6E34C8FB7BFCC4FB2E" box="[755,841,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.033" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="1033.0">
<elevation id="004777377F572F6E34C8FB7BFCC4FB2E" box="[755,841,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.033" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="1033.0">1033 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, ex 
<taxonomicName id="4C6AEB877F572F6E354EFB7BFBD5FB2E" box="[885,1112,1159,1185]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Cyclobalanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E354EFB7BFBBDFB2E" box="[885,1072,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Cyclobalanopsis</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<date id="FFD4B6C47F572F6E325FFB7BFB42FB2E" box="[1124,1231,1159,1185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" value="2020-01-28">
<collectingDate id="EF904F2C7F572F6E325FFB7BFB42FB2E" box="[1124,1231,1159,1185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" value="2020-01-28">28.i.2020</collectingDate>
</date>
, S-C. 
<collectorName id="269FF5D27F572F6E332FFB7BFAB4FB2E" box="[1300,1337,1159,1185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Lai</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED7B08C17F572F6E337CFB7BFA15FB2E" box="[1351,1432,1159,1185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">RABC</collectionCode>
, 2)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B029A597F572F6E36FAFB57FE00FA82" collectingDate="2019-07-21" collectionCode="WSTC, RABC" collectorName="W. Sittichaya" country="Thailand" elevation="900" latitude="16.383444" location="Dry-dipterocarp forest" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="101.5575" municipality="Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chaiyaphum">
<collectingCountry id="F37DD0947F572F6E36FAFB57FED8FB4A" box="[193,341,1195,1221]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49AE5EE67F572F6E375EFB57FE7AFB4A" box="[357,503,1195,1221]" country="Thailand" name="Chaiyaphum" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Chaiyaphum</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB10A7E7F572F6E343CFB57FCE5FB4A" box="[519,872,1195,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary</collectingMunicipality>
headquarters, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5EF6C37F572F6E322DFB57FB22FB4A" box="[1046,1199,1195,1221]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" precision="1" seconds="00.4" value="16.383444">16°23'00.4&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE5EF6C37F572F6E3280FB57FAECFB4A" box="[1211,1377,1195,1221]" degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" precision="1" seconds="27.0" value="101.5575">101°33'27.0&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4C923DE17F572F6E3349FB57FF22FB66" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="900.0">
<elevation id="004777377F572F6E3349FB57FF22FB66" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<location id="8EB5C6DF7F572F6E3685FB33FE31FB66" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C321127F512F6E36ACF919FCB2F8FE:8EB5C6DF7F572F6E3685FB33FE31FB66" box="[190,444,1231,1257]" country="Thailand" latitude="16.383444" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="101.5575" municipality="Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary" name="Dry-dipterocarp forest" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" stateProvince="Chaiyaphum">Dry-dipterocarp forest</location>
with pine subtype, ex. semi-dry branch of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6AEB877F572F6E3589FB33FBE8FB66" box="[946,1125,1231,1257]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Lithocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E3589FB33FBB4FB66" box="[946,1081,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Lithocarpus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<date id="FFD4B6C47F572F6E324FFB33FB7BFB66" box="[1140,1270,1231,1257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" value="2019-07-21">
<collectingDate id="EF904F2C7F572F6E324FFB33FB7BFB66" box="[1140,1270,1231,1257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" value="2019-07-21">21.vii.2019</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="269FF5D27F572F6E333FFB33FA11FB66" box="[1284,1436,1231,1257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">W. Sittichaya</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED7B08C17F572F6E36A4FB0FFF7CFA82" box="[159,241,1267,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">WSTC</collectionCode>
, 2; 
<collectionCode id="ED7B08C17F572F6E3722FB0FFEE5FA82" box="[281,360,1267,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">RABC</collectionCode>
, 1)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD590047F572F6E36FCFAEAFD98FA4E" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E36FCFAEAFE67FABE" bold="true" box="[199,490,1302,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Additional new records.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B029A597F572F6E37C8FAEBFDCAFADA" collectingDate="2012-05-10" collectingDateMax="2012-06-07" collectingDateMin="2012-05-10" collectionCode="UFFE" collectorName="T. Petrice &amp; R. Haack" country="China" location="Pu'er" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" specimenCode="UFFE 19886" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<collectingCountry id="F37DD0947F572F6E37C8FAEBFDDDFABE" box="[499,592,1303,1329]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">CHINA</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="49AE5EE67F572F6E3467FAEBFD38FABE" box="[604,693,1303,1329]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
, near 
<location id="8EB5C6DF7F572F6E34C0FAE4FCB9FABC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C321127F512F6E36ACF919FCB2F8FE:8EB5C6DF7F572F6E34C0FAE4FCB9FABC" box="[763,820,1304,1331]" country="China" name="Pu'er" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" stateProvince="Yunnan">Pu′er</location>
city, 
<collectingMethod id="522BE8137F572F6E354CFAEBFB9FFABE" box="[887,1042,1303,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">ex sticky trap</collectingMethod>
on tree trunk, 
<date id="FFD4B6C47F572F6E3284FAEBFAF4FABE" box="[1215,1401,1303,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" value="2012-05-10" valueMax="2012-06-07" valueMin="2012-05-10">
<collectingDate id="EF904F2C7F572F6E3284FAEBFAF4FABE" box="[1215,1401,1303,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" value="2012-05-10" valueMax="2012-06-07" valueMin="2012-05-10">10.v.-07.vi.2012</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="269FF5D27F572F6E33BDFAEBFF68FADA" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">T. Petrice</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="269FF5D27F572F6E3736FAC7FEF5FADA" box="[269,376,1339,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">R. Haack</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="DBCC387F7F572F6E37B3FAC7FDACFADA" box="[392,545,1339,1365]" collectionCode="UFFE" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">UFFE 19886</specimenCode>
: 1)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B029A597F572F6E346EFAC7FD9CFA4E" collectingDate="2018-01-28" collectionCode="JXAU" collectorName="Lai &amp; Y. Li" country="China" county="Meng-hai Co." location="Nature Reserve" municipality="Jing-hong" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" specimenCode="UFFE 35169-35170, UFFE 30354-30355, 30357-30363" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<collectingRegion id="49AE5EE67F572F6E346EFAC7FD23FADA" box="[597,686,1339,1365]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty id="62B4E8887F572F6E3480FAC7FCD6FADA" box="[699,859,1339,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Meng-hai Co.</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB10A7E7F572F6E3552FAC7FC54FADA" box="[873,985,1339,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Jing-hong</collectingMunicipality>
city, Guo-men-shan, Na-ban-he 
<location id="8EB5C6DF7F572F6E336BFAC7FF79FAF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C321127F512F6E36ACF919FCB2F8FE:8EB5C6DF7F572F6E336BFAC7FF79FAF6" country="China" county="Meng-hai Co." municipality="Jing-hong" name="Nature Reserve" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" stateProvince="Yunnan">Nature Reserve</location>
, mixed forest, ex 
<taxonomicName id="4C6AEB877F572F6E37FCFAA3FDF7FAF6" box="[455,634,1375,1401]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E37FCFAA3FDF7FAF6" box="[455,634,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Quercus glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, c. 
<quantity id="4C923DE17F572F6E34A7FAA3FD6AFAF6" box="[668,743,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" unit="cm" value="60.0">60 cm</quantity>
diameter, 
<date id="FFD4B6C47F572F6E3559FAA3FC42FAF6" box="[866,975,1375,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" value="2018-01-28">
<collectingDate id="EF904F2C7F572F6E3559FAA3FC42FAF6" box="[866,975,1375,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" value="2018-01-28">28.i.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, S-C. 
<collectorName id="269FF5D27F572F6E3222FAA3FBB3FAF6" box="[1049,1086,1375,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Lai</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="DBCC387F7F572F6E326BFAA3FAB4FAF6" box="[1104,1337,1374,1401]" collectionCode="UFFE" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">UFFE 35169-35170</specimenCode>
: 
<specimenCount id="9D6C5B8D7F572F6E337CFAA3FA15FAF6" box="[1351,1432,1375,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D6C5B8D7F572F6E36ACFA7FFF77FA12" box="[151,250,1411,1437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(sequenced by S-C. Lai); 
<collectionCode id="ED7B08C17F572F6E341CFA7FFDFCFA12" box="[551,625,1411,1437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">JXAU</collectionCode>
, 18); as previous except: reared from bark, 
<collectorName id="269FF5D27F572F6E3258FA7FFB10FA12" box="[1123,1181,1411,1437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Y. Li</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="DBCC387F7F572F6E3297FA7FFA14FA12" box="[1196,1433,1410,1437]" collectionCode="UFFE" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">UFFE 30354–30355</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBCC387F7F572F6E36ACFA5AFEB8FA4E" box="[151,309,1446,1473]" collectionCode="UFFE" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">30357–30363</specimenCode>
; 32072–32073: 41)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C370C38F7F572F6E36FCFA36FB44FA6A" box="[199,1225,1482,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD590047F572F6E36FCFA36FB44FA6A" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1905]" box="[199,1225,1482,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E36FCFA36FEECFA6B" bold="true" box="[199,353,1482,1508]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F37DD0947F572F6E375CFA37FE27FA6A" box="[359,426,1483,1509]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49AE5EE67F572F6E3782FA37FD98FA6A" box="[441,533,1483,1509]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
), 
<collectingCountry id="F37DD0947F572F6E341CFA37FD06FA6A" box="[551,651,1483,1509]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49AE5EE67F572F6E34A2FA37FCAEFA6A" box="[665,803,1483,1509]" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Chiang Mai</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49AE5EE67F572F6E3515FA37FC4FFA6A" box="[814,962,1483,1509]" country="Thailand" name="Chaiyaphum" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Chaiyaphum</collectingRegion>
), 
<collectingCountry id="F37DD0947F572F6E35EFFA37FBBEFA6A" box="[980,1075,1483,1509]" name="Vietnam" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49AE5EE67F572F6E327AFA37FB30FA6A" box="[1089,1213,1483,1509]" country="Vietnam" name="Vinh Phuc" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Vinh Phuc</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C370C38F7F572F6E36FCFA12FCB2F8FE" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BD590047F572F6E36FCFA12FCB2F8FE" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E36FCFA12FEAAF987" bold="true" box="[199,295,1518,1544]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Biology.</emphasis>
As noted earlier, it had been assumed that the species was an ambrosia beetle (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFBEDF57F572F6E3246FA13FACEF986" author="Petrov, A. V. &amp; Mandelshtam, M. Yu. &amp; Beaver, R. A." box="[1149,1347,1519,1545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" pagination="249 - 254" refId="ref6537" refString="Petrov, A. V., Mandelshtam, M. Yu. &amp; Beaver, R. A. (2007) Urocorthylus gen. n.: a remarkable monotypical scolytine genus from northern Vietnam. Koleopterologische Rundschau, 77, 249 - 254." type="journal article" year="2007">
Petrov 
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E32F6FA13FB71F986" box="[1229,1276,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">et al</emphasis>
. 2007
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFBEDF57F572F6E3376FA13FE9EF9A2" author="Beaver, R. A. &amp; Sittichaya, W. &amp; Liu, L. Y." pageId="5" pageNumber="121" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref5875" refString="Beaver, R. A., Sittichaya, W. &amp; Liu, L. Y. (2014) A synopsis of the scolytine ambrosia beetles of Thailand (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). Zootaxa, 3875 (1), 1 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3875.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
Beaver 
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E36ACF9EFFF5DF9A2" box="[151,208,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFBEDF57F572F6E3725F9EFFE69F9A2" author="Wang, L. J. &amp; Beaver, R. A. &amp; Hulcr, J." box="[286,484,1555,1581]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" pagination="53 - 56" refId="ref6736" refString="Wang, L. J., Beaver, R. A. &amp; Hulcr, J. (2017) A new species of ambrosia beetle, Urocorthylus fanii, from Taiwan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Corthylini). Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 23, 53 - 56." type="journal article" year="2017">
Wang 
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E375CF9EFFE12F9A2" box="[359,415,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
). A large series was collected from a fallen 
<taxonomicName id="4C6AEB877F572F6E35F4F9EFFB0CF9A2" box="[975,1153,1555,1581]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E35F4F9EFFB0CF9A2" box="[975,1153,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Quercus glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, approximately 
<quantity id="4C923DE17F572F6E3302F9EFFAF2F9A2" box="[1337,1407,1555,1581]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" unit="cm" value="60.0">60 cm</quantity>
in diameter in 
<collectingCountry id="F37DD0947F572F6E371BF9CBFEEEF9DE" box="[288,355,1591,1617]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49AE5EE67F572F6E374FF9CBFE5DF9DE" box="[372,464,1591,1617]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
). The larval galleries were within the thick bark (
<figureCitation id="13518C817F572F6E323DF9CBFBC7F9DE" box="[1030,1098,1590,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,844,868]" captionTargetId="figure-34@7.[368,1220,181,821]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Urocorthylus hirtellus larval galleries in bark of Quercus glauca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8056936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8056936/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
), although the nuptial gallery and early development was not evident. No symbiotic fungi were observed in the galleries. Pupation chambers were in the thick bark away from the parental galleries, as in other related 
<taxonomicName id="4C6AEB877F572F6E35D9F983FBE5F916" authorityName="Lindemann" authorityYear="1877" box="[994,1128,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Dryocoetini">Dryocoetini</taxonomicName>
such as 
<taxonomicName id="4C6AEB877F572F6E32F2F983FAEFF916" box="[1225,1378,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Taphrorychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E32F2F983FAEFF916" box="[1225,1378,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Taphrorychus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFBEDF57F572F6E36ACF95FFEFFF932" author="Balachowsky, A." box="[151,370,1699,1725]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" pagination="1 - 320" refId="ref5855" refString="Balachowsky, A. (1949) Coleopteres Scolytides. Faune de France, 50, 1 - 320." type="journal article" year="1949">Balachowsky 1949</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFBEDF57F572F6E37BBF95FFD53F932" author="Schonherr, J. &amp; Krautwurst, K." box="[384,734,1699,1725]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" pagination="161 - 163" refId="ref6695" refString="Schonherr, J. &amp; Krautwurst, K. (1979) Beobachtungen uber den Buchenborkenkafer Taphrorychus bicolor Hbst. (Col., Scolytidae). Anzeiger fur Schadlingskunde, Pflanzenschutz, Umweltschutz, 52, 161 - 163." type="journal article" year="1979">Schönherr &amp; Krautwurst 1979</bibRefCitation>
). The adults emerge through individual exit holes in the bark (
<figureCitation id="13518C817F572F6E369AF93BFF6EF96E" box="[161,227,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1458,1482]" captionTargetBox="[369,1223,907,1434]" captionTargetId="figure-48@7.[365,1223,893,1434]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Urocorthylus hirtellus emergence holes of adults in bark of Quercus glauca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8054221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8054221/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). The species has also been collected in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6AEB877F572F6E34A6F93BFCC7F96E" box="[669,842,1735,1761]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Lithocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E34A6F93BFCA9F96E" box="[669,804,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Lithocarpus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
in 
<collectingCountry id="F37DD0947F572F6E3550F93BFC42F96E" box="[875,975,1735,1761]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(see above). The only other species in the genus, 
<taxonomicName id="4C6AEB877F572F6E36DCF917FDCBF88A" authority="Wang, Beaver &amp; Hulcr" authorityName="Wang, Beaver &amp; Hulcr" authorityYear="2017" box="[231,582,1771,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Urocorthylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fanii">
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E36DCF917FEB1F88A" box="[231,316,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">U. fanii</emphasis>
Wang, Beaver &amp; Hulcr
</taxonomicName>
was collected from 
<taxonomicName id="4C6AEB877F572F6E3511F917FB6DF88A" authority="(Wang et al. 2017)" baseAuthorityName="Wang" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[810,1248,1771,1797]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Lithocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hancei">
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E3511F917FB8EF88A" box="[810,1027,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Lithocarpus hancei</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFBEDF57F572F6E3229F917FB55F88A" author="Wang, L. J. &amp; Beaver, R. A. &amp; Hulcr, J." box="[1042,1240,1771,1797]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" pagination="53 - 56" refId="ref6736" refString="Wang, L. J., Beaver, R. A. &amp; Hulcr, J. (2017) A new species of ambrosia beetle, Urocorthylus fanii, from Taiwan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Corthylini). Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 23, 53 - 56." type="journal article" year="2017">
Wang 
<emphasis id="B91E4C167F572F6E3260F917FB19F88A" box="[1115,1172,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. All host records are from trees in the family 
<taxonomicName id="4C6AEB877F572F6E37E7F8F3FDC5F8A6" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[476,584,1807,1833]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
. It appears likely that the genus is specific to this family. Both species are montane species, collected at altitudes from 
<quantity id="4C923DE17F572F6E34B9F8CEFC9DF8C2" box="[642,784,1842,1869]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" metricValueMax="10.3" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="840.0" valueMax="1030.0" valueMin="650.0">650‒1030 m</quantity>
, and probably largely confined to the hill evergreen forests of the region, in which 
<taxonomicName id="4C6AEB877F572F6E37A7F8ABFD89F8FE" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[412,516,1879,1905]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
is the dominant tree family.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>