259 lines
37 KiB
XML
259 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="BE9509305083A393C3BC377CDDE08F9F" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.190035" ID-GBIF-Dataset="997c03d9-26dd-417b-aff2-c232907ab19c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="190035" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461107195630" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lattig, Patricia & Martin, Daniel" docDate="2009" docId="038F043CFFCD9143AD9BF9A4707FFC26" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02220p040.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2220" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Haplosyllis gula Treadwell 1924" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="FFB67C44FFDE9155AD0CFFB2742DFFAA" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the genus Haplosyllis Langerhans, 1887 (Polychaeta: Syllidae: Syllinae)" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1698593499669" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="500E83E7DCD347E553701CCF82CD987C">A taxonomic revision of the genus Haplosyllis Langerhans, 1887 (Polychaeta: Syllidae: Syllinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4C393FCB56A028CA471F44B438B236CE" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="AB159A78EC1C0F4B7B22AAE8C42E0C72">Lattig, Patricia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A939DADCF138AC47D2F62E65368D3D2C">Martin, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="C44FD20F137BDBE25C6F396D3B69484E">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="EBD134F30A742764B2A489FAE87E402B" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.190035</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D4346FDEF574FD19382DA3B41199B744" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038F043CFFCD9143AD9BF9A4707FFC26" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6218839" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119623579" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6218839" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F043CFFCD9143AD9BF9A4707FFC26" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038F043CFFCD9143AD9BF9A4707FFC26" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<subSubSection id="C33CE6A1FFCD9146AD9BF9A4758FF9F9" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B99B52AFFCD9146AD9BF9A47605F99A" blockId="19.[151,552,1558,1619]" box="[151,552,1558,1584]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<heading id="D0D10246FFCD9146AD9BF9A47605F99A" bold="true" box="[151,552,1558,1584]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C26CEA9FFCD9146AD9BF9A47605F99A" ID-CoL="3JPHC" authority="Treadwell, 1924" authorityName="Treadwell" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,552,1558,1584]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Haplosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gula">
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<emphasis id="B9526938FFCD9146AD9BF9A47605F99A" bold="true" box="[151,552,1558,1584]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="B9526938FFCD9146AD9BF9A47576F99A" bold="true" box="[151,347,1558,1584]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Haplosyllis gula</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB7C8DBFFCD9146AC6EF9A47605F99A" author="Treadwell" box="[354,552,1558,1584]" pageId="19" pageNumber="40" refString="Treadwell, A. L. (1924) Reports on certain Invertebrates and fishes of the Barbados - Antigua Expedition from the University of Iowa of 1918: Polychaetous Annelids. University of Iowa Studies in Natural History, X, 3 - 23." type="journal article" year="1924">Treadwell, 1924</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99B52AFFCD9146AD9BF98B758FF9F9" blockId="19.[151,552,1558,1619]" box="[151,418,1593,1619]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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(
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<figureCitation id="131DA9AFFFCD9146AD93F98B74DAF9F9" box="[159,247,1593,1619]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,255,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[163,1432,884,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,867,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Haplosyllis gula. A—anterior end, dorsal view; B—posterior end, dorsal view; C—anterior parapodium; D—posterior parapodium; E—anterior chaeta; F—anterior aciculae; G—shortest chaeta, midbody; H—largest chaeta, midbody; I—posterior acicula. Scale bars: A – B = 200 Μm; C – D = 100 Μm; E – I = 20 Μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190048/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 13</figureCitation>
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A–I, 14 A–H)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33CE6A1FFCD9146AD9BF9357028F937" box="[151,1029,1670,1694]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B99B52AFFCD9146AD9BF9357028F937" blockId="19.[151,1029,1670,1694]" box="[151,1029,1670,1694]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB369204FFCD9146AD9BF9357028F937" box="[151,1029,1670,1694]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<taxonomicName id="4C26CEA9FFCD9146AD9BF935760CF937" ID-CoL="3JPHC" authority="Treadwell, 1924: 11" authorityName="Treadwell" authorityPageNumber="11" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,545,1670,1694]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Haplosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gula">
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<emphasis id="B9526938FFCD9146AD9BF935756BF934" box="[151,326,1671,1694]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Haplosyllis gula</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A87933BFFCD9146AC40F934760CF937" author="Treadwell" box="[332,545,1670,1693]" page="11" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1924">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB7C8DBFFCD9146AC40F93475D3F937" author="Treadwell" box="[332,510,1670,1693]" pageId="19" pageNumber="40" refString="Treadwell, A. L. (1924) Reports on certain Invertebrates and fishes of the Barbados - Antigua Expedition from the University of Iowa of 1918: Polychaetous Annelids. University of Iowa Studies in Natural History, X, 3 - 23." type="journal article" year="1924">Treadwell, 1924</bibRefCitation>
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: 11
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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–12, pl. II. fig. 19–23.—
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<treatmentCitation id="0A87933BFFCD9146AE28F934702DF937" author="Hartman" box="[804,1024,1670,1693]" page="251" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1956">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB7C8DBFFCD9146AE28F93477E6F937" author="Hartman" box="[804,971,1670,1693]" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" refString="Hartman, O. (1956) Polychaetous Annelids erected by Treadwell, 1891 to 1948, together with a brief chronology. Bulletin American Museum of Natural History, 109, 239 - 310." type="journal article" year="1956">Hartman, 1956</bibRefCitation>
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: 251
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33CE6A1FFCD9146AD9BF97F7672F89E" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B99B52AFFCD9146AD9BF97F7672F89E" blockId="19.[151,1437,1741,2038]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="B9526938FFCD9146AD9BF97F75A2F94D" bold="true" box="[151,399,1741,1767]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Examined material.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F331F5BAFFCD9146AC9BF97F7624F94D" box="[407,521,1741,1767]" name="Barbados" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Barbados</collectingCountry>
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, Caribbean Sea. 11
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<typeStatus id="549D0B88FFCD9146AFFFF97F771CF94D" box="[755,817,1741,1767]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">types</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="ED372DEFFFCD9146AE35F97F77A3F94D" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[825,910,1741,1767]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USNM</collectionCode>
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20327, attached to polychaete hosts (3 to an unidentified glycerid, 8 to a unidentified eunicid) and 3 non-attached; 2 prepared for SEM). Collected by the Barbados-Antigua Expedition of 1918.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33CE6A1FFCD9140ADC9F8F2760DF8D6" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B99B52AFFCD9141ADC9F8F270FCFCE9" blockId="19.[151,1437,1741,2038]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1437,152,835]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="B9526938FFCD9146ADC9F8F2754CF8F0" bold="true" box="[197,353,1856,1882]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Description.</emphasis>
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Body translucent, slender, fragile, small. Length
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<quantity id="4CDE18CFFFCD9146AEB5F8F37063F8F1" box="[953,1102,1857,1883]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="3.15" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.8 mm</quantity>
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, for 26–31 segments, width
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<quantity id="4CDE18CFFFCD9146AD9BF8DA756BF828" box="[151,326,1896,1922]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.27" valueMin="0.23">0.23–0.27 mm</quantity>
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, excluding parapodia. Anterior end wide, with noticeable broad pharynx, becoming gradually thinner from midbody to posterior end (
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<figureCitation id="131DA9AFFFCD9146AF8AF83C76CEF802" box="[646,739,1934,1960]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,255,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[163,1432,884,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,867,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Haplosyllis gula. A—anterior end, dorsal view; B—posterior end, dorsal view; C—anterior parapodium; D—posterior parapodium; E—anterior chaeta; F—anterior aciculae; G—shortest chaeta, midbody; H—largest chaeta, midbody; I—posterior acicula. Scale bars: A – B = 200 Μm; C – D = 100 Μm; E – I = 20 Μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190048/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 13</figureCitation>
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A, 14A). Preserved specimens yellow-pale. Prostomium subpentagonal, wider than long, difficult to observe due to broad pharynx; two pairs of small red eyes in trapezoidal arrangement. Median antenna with 17–27 articles, inserted on medium of prostomium; lateral antennae with 8–11 articles, inserted on anterior margin of prostomium. Palps long, broadly triangular, fused at their bases, separated all along their length; with cilia on ventral side. Pharynx reddish-brown, broad (
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<quantity id="4CDE18CFFFCA9141A86BFF0C7533FF55" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="0.2" valueMax="0.26" valueMin="0.14">0.14 – 0.26 mm</quantity>
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wide), short, about
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<quantity id="4CDE18CFFFCA9141AF12FF577650FF55" box="[542,637,229,255]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
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long, reaching to proventricle as funnel, extending about three segments; anteriorly, with small tooth, crown of 11–12 soft papillae, and an inner ring of short, numerous cilia (
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<figureCitation id="131DA9AFFFCA9141ADACFE8074D8FEE6" box="[160,245,306,332]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,255,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[338,1252,191,1566]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[311,1276,173,1580]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. SEM micrographs of Haplosyllis gula. A—whole body, ventral view; B—anterior end, ventral view; Cciliated sensory organs, pharyngeal papillae; D—anterior parapodia; E—midbody parapodia; F—anterior chaeta; Glargest chaeta, midbody parapodium; H—smaller chaeta, midbody parapodium. Arrows in C indicating cilia of pharyngeal papillae, in D and E pointing ventral cirri. Bars in G and H indicate MJP. Scale bars: A = 500 Μm; B = 200 Μm; D – E = 100 Μm; C, G = 10 Μm, F, H = 5 Μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190049/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
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B–C). Papillae with cilia on ventral base and upper side. Proventricle cylindrical, dark-brown,
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<quantity id="4CDE18CFFFCA9141A855FE807529FED9" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="0.365" valueMax="0.42" valueMin="0.31">0.31– 0.42 mm</quantity>
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long, extending 3–4 segments, about
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<quantity id="4CDE18CFFFCA9141AFD5FEEB771AFED9" box="[729,823,345,371]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
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wide, with 23–27 muscular cell-rows (
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<figureCitation id="131DA9AFFFCA9141A810FEEB7158FED9" box="[1308,1397,345,371]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,255,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[163,1432,884,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,867,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Haplosyllis gula. A—anterior end, dorsal view; B—posterior end, dorsal view; C—anterior parapodium; D—posterior parapodium; E—anterior chaeta; F—anterior aciculae; G—shortest chaeta, midbody; H—largest chaeta, midbody; I—posterior acicula. Scale bars: A – B = 200 Μm; C – D = 100 Μm; E – I = 20 Μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190048/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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A). Peristomium well defined, shorter than subsequent ones. Dorsal tentacular cirri (8–18 articles) longer than ventral ones. Dorsal cirri slender, slightly shorter at the tip, similar to antennae and tentacular cirri (
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<figureCitation id="131DA9AFFFCA9141A828FE147158FE6A" box="[1316,1397,422,448]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,255,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[163,1432,884,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,867,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Haplosyllis gula. A—anterior end, dorsal view; B—posterior end, dorsal view; C—anterior parapodium; D—posterior parapodium; E—anterior chaeta; F—anterior aciculae; G—shortest chaeta, midbody; H—largest chaeta, midbody; I—posterior acicula. Scale bars: A – B = 200 Μm; C – D = 100 Μm; E – I = 20 Μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190048/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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A– B). First cirri long (19–29 articles), second small (7–13 articles), third and fourth slightly longer than second (
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<date id="FF9893EAFFCA9141AD93FE467541FDA4" box="[159,364,500,526]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1926-12-14" valueMax="1926-12-21" valueMin="1926-12-14">12–14 and 21–26</date>
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articles, respectively), fifth small (6–11 articles) and sixth long (16–18 articles) (
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<figureCitation id="131DA9AFFFCA9141A82EFE46715BFDA4" box="[1314,1398,500,526]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,255,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[163,1432,884,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,867,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Haplosyllis gula. A—anterior end, dorsal view; B—posterior end, dorsal view; C—anterior parapodium; D—posterior parapodium; E—anterior chaeta; F—anterior aciculae; G—shortest chaeta, midbody; H—largest chaeta, midbody; I—posterior acicula. Scale bars: A – B = 200 Μm; C – D = 100 Μm; E – I = 20 Μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190048/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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A). Subsequent cirri long, some exceed body width, gradually decreasing to posterior end, alternating with short (5–7 articles) and long (15–19 articles). Posterior cirri small (1–7 articles) (
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<figureCitation id="131DA9AFFFCA9141A902FDF37049FDF1" box="[1038,1124,577,603]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,255,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[163,1432,884,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,867,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Haplosyllis gula. A—anterior end, dorsal view; B—posterior end, dorsal view; C—anterior parapodium; D—posterior parapodium; E—anterior chaeta; F—anterior aciculae; G—shortest chaeta, midbody; H—largest chaeta, midbody; I—posterior acicula. Scale bars: A – B = 200 Μm; C – D = 100 Μm; E – I = 20 Μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190048/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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B). Ventral cirri triangular, anterior ones similar or longer than parapodial lobes (
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<figureCitation id="131DA9AFFFCA9141AE13FDDA7756FD28" box="[799,891,616,642]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,255,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[163,1432,884,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,867,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Haplosyllis gula. A—anterior end, dorsal view; B—posterior end, dorsal view; C—anterior parapodium; D—posterior parapodium; E—anterior chaeta; F—anterior aciculae; G—shortest chaeta, midbody; H—largest chaeta, midbody; I—posterior acicula. Scale bars: A – B = 200 Μm; C – D = 100 Μm; E – I = 20 Μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190048/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 13</figureCitation>
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C, 14D); posterior cirri very short (
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<figureCitation id="131DA9AFFFCA9141A828FDDA7152FD28" box="[1316,1407,616,642]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,255,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[163,1432,884,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,867,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Haplosyllis gula. A—anterior end, dorsal view; B—posterior end, dorsal view; C—anterior parapodium; D—posterior parapodium; E—anterior chaeta; F—anterior aciculae; G—shortest chaeta, midbody; H—largest chaeta, midbody; I—posterior acicula. Scale bars: A – B = 200 Μm; C – D = 100 Μm; E – I = 20 Μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190048/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 13</figureCitation>
|
||
D, 14E). Chaetae bidentate, all similar,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F331F5BAFFCA9141AF4CFD3C764BFD02" box="[576,614,654,680]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
of MF with small denticles (only visible under SEM). Anterior chaeta smaller, with MJP straight and long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DA9AFFFCA9141AF40FD077688FD65" box="[588,677,693,719]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,255,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[163,1432,884,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,867,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Haplosyllis gula. A—anterior end, dorsal view; B—posterior end, dorsal view; C—anterior parapodium; D—posterior parapodium; E—anterior chaeta; F—anterior aciculae; G—shortest chaeta, midbody; H—largest chaeta, midbody; I—posterior acicula. Scale bars: A – B = 200 Μm; C – D = 100 Μm; E – I = 20 Μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190048/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 13</figureCitation>
|
||
E, 14F). Two chaetae per midbody parapodia, with LMF similar than SW; apical teeth long, distal one slightly smaller than proximal tooth; longer chaeta with MJP point straight and long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DA9AFFFCA9141AC65FCB075ECFCB6" box="[361,449,770,796]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,255,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[163,1432,884,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,867,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Haplosyllis gula. A—anterior end, dorsal view; B—posterior end, dorsal view; C—anterior parapodium; D—posterior parapodium; E—anterior chaeta; F—anterior aciculae; G—shortest chaeta, midbody; H—largest chaeta, midbody; I—posterior acicula. Scale bars: A – B = 200 Μm; C – D = 100 Μm; E – I = 20 Μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190048/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 13</figureCitation>
|
||
H, 14G), short and slightly curved in smaller chaeta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DA9AFFFCA9141A926FCB070ADFCB6" box="[1066,1152,770,796]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,255,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[163,1432,884,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,867,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Haplosyllis gula. A—anterior end, dorsal view; B—posterior end, dorsal view; C—anterior parapodium; D—posterior parapodium; E—anterior chaeta; F—anterior aciculae; G—shortest chaeta, midbody; H—largest chaeta, midbody; I—posterior acicula. Scale bars: A – B = 200 Μm; C – D = 100 Μm; E – I = 20 Μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190048/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 13</figureCitation>
|
||
G, 14H). Aciculae stout, with curved tip 90º bent; two on anterior parapodia, one on midbody parapodia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DA9AFFFCA9141A948FC9B70BAFCE9" box="[1092,1175,809,835]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,255,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[163,1432,884,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,867,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Haplosyllis gula. A—anterior end, dorsal view; B—posterior end, dorsal view; C—anterior parapodium; D—posterior parapodium; E—anterior chaeta; F—anterior aciculae; G—shortest chaeta, midbody; H—largest chaeta, midbody; I—posterior acicula. Scale bars: A – B = 200 Μm; C – D = 100 Μm; E – I = 20 Μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190048/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
F, I).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF59E5A2FFCA9141AD9BF8DE707DF866" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190048/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" targetBox="[163,1432,884,1874]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99B52AFFCA9141AD9BF8DE707DF866" blockId="20.[151,1436,1900,1996]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFCA9141AD9BF8DE750DF82E" bold="true" box="[151,288,1900,1924]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FIGURE 13</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26CEA9FFCA9141AC23F8DF75CCF82E" box="[303,481,1901,1924]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Haplosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFCA9141AC23F8DF75CCF82E" box="[303,481,1901,1924]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Haplosyllis gula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A—anterior end, dorsal view; B—posterior end, dorsal view; C—anterior parapodium; D—posterior parapodium; E—anterior chaeta; F—anterior aciculae; G—shortest chaeta, midbody; H—largest chaeta, midbody; I—posterior acicula. Scale bars: A–B = 200 Μm; C–D = 100 Μm; E–I = 20 Μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF59E5A2FFCB9140AD9BF9F6768FF943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190049/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" targetBox="[338,1252,191,1566]" targetPageId="21">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99B52AFFCB9140AD9BF9F6768FF943" blockId="21.[151,1437,1604,1769]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFCB9140AD9BF9F6750CF9F6" bold="true" box="[151,289,1604,1628]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FIGURE 14</emphasis>
|
||
. SEM micrographs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26CEA9FFCB9140AF1BF9F676EBF9F1" box="[535,710,1604,1627]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Haplosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFCB9140AF1BF9F676EBF9F1" box="[535,710,1604,1627]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Haplosyllis gula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A—whole body, ventral view; B—anterior end, ventral view; Cciliated sensory organs, pharyngeal papillae; D—anterior parapodia; E—midbody parapodia; F—anterior chaeta; Glargest chaeta, midbody parapodium; H—smaller chaeta, midbody parapodium. Arrows in C indicating cilia of pharyngeal papillae, in D and E pointing ventral cirri. Bars in G and H indicate MJP. Scale bars: A = 500 Μm; B = 200 Μm; D–E = 100 Μm; C, G = 10 Μm, F, H = 5 Μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99B52AFFCB9140ADC9F8A675D6F884" blockId="21.[151,1436,1812,2030]" box="[197,507,1812,1838]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFCB9140ADC9F8A67555F884" bold="true" box="[197,376,1812,1838]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Reproduction.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99B52AFFCB9140ADC9F889760DF8D6" blockId="21.[151,1436,1812,2030]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFCB9140ADC9F889752AF8FF" bold="true" box="[197,263,1851,1877]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Host.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown. Probably a facultative parasite of other polychaetes.
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D0B88FFCB9140AEFDF889701AF8FF" box="[1009,1079,1851,1877]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Types</typeStatus>
|
||
found attached to unidentified glycerid and eunicid polychaetes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33CE6A1FFCB9140ADCAF83A76B1F808" box="[198,668,1928,1954]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99B52AFFCB9140ADCAF83A76B1F808" blockId="21.[151,1436,1812,2030]" box="[198,668,1928,1954]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFCB9140ADCAF83A754AF808" bold="true" box="[198,359,1928,1954]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F331F5BAFFCB9140AC61F83A75F2F808" box="[365,479,1928,1954]" name="Barbados" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Caribbean Sea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33CE6A1FFCB9143ADC9F81F707FFC26" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99B52AFFCB9143ADC9F81F77C9FF55" blockId="21.[151,1436,1812,2030]" lastBlockId="22.[151,1438,152,909]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFCB9140ADC9F81F756CF86D" bold="true" box="[197,321,1965,1991]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26CEA9FFCB9140AC46F81C763FF86D" box="[330,530,1966,1991]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Haplosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFCB9140AC46F81C763FF86D" box="[330,530,1966,1991]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Haplosyllis gula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7C8DBFFCB9140AFF8F81C77E6F862" author="Treadwell" box="[756,971,1966,1992]" pageId="21" pageNumber="40" refString="Treadwell, A. L. (1924) Reports on certain Invertebrates and fishes of the Barbados - Antigua Expedition from the University of Iowa of 1918: Polychaetous Annelids. University of Iowa Studies in Natural History, X, 3 - 23." type="journal article" year="1924">Treadwell (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Since then, the species has only been mentioned in Hartman’s (1956) catalogue. According to our observations, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D0B88FFCB9140A940F86670ADF844" box="[1100,1152,2004,2030]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material is in excellent condition, except some specimens having broken antennae. The shape of prostomium is difficult to distinguish due the presence of its noticeably broad, dark-red pharynx. These unusual characteristics together with the long, triangular anterior ventral cirri, make it easy to recognise.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99B52AFFC89143ADC9FEBE701CFE6A" blockId="22.[151,1438,152,909]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Most specimens of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D0B88FFC89143ACF8FEBE7606FE8C" box="[500,555,268,294]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series were firmly attached to the branchiae or dorsal cirri of other polychaetes. The broad pharynx of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26CEA9FFC89143AF4FFE8076B0FEE1" box="[579,669,306,331]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Haplosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFC89143AF4FFE8076B0FEE1" box="[579,669,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">H. gula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems to be an adaptation to an ectoparasitic mode of life. The number of ectoparasitic polychaetes reported to remain firmly attached to their respective host is very few. In addition, like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26CEA9FFC89143AC36FE3275BFFE33" box="[314,402,384,409]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Haplosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFC89143AC36FE3275BFFE33" box="[314,402,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">H. gula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and with a few exceptions, they are only known from their original descriptions, which are often based on a single or a very few specimens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7C8DBFFC89143AE0DFE147009FE6A" author="Martin" box="[769,1060,422,448]" pageId="22" pageNumber="40" refString="Martin, D. & Britayev, T. A. (1998) Symbiotic Polychaetes: Review of known species. Oceanographic Marine Biology Annual Review, 36, 217 - 340." type="journal article" year="1998">Martin & Britayev 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99B52AFFC89143ADC3FE61707FFC26" blockId="22.[151,1438,152,909]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
In addition to
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFC89143AC73FE667661FE47" box="[383,588,468,493]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26CEA9FFC89143AC73FE66766AFE47" box="[383,583,468,493]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Haplosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gula">Haplosyllis gula</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
two specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26CEA9FFC89143AE3AFE667796FE47" box="[822,955,468,493]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Haplosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFC89143AE3AFE667796FE47" box="[822,955,468,493]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Haplosyllis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reported as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26CEA9FFC89143A95BFE6670DFFE47" box="[1111,1266,468,493]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Haplosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cephalata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFC89143A95BFE6670DFFE47" box="[1111,1266,468,493]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">H. cephalata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7C8DBFFC89143A82AFE6174C5FDB9" author="Treadwell" pageId="22" pageNumber="40" refString="Treadwell, A. L. (1909) Haplosyllis cephalata as an Ectoparasite. Bulletin American Museum of Natural History, 26, 359 - 360." type="journal article" year="1909">Treadwell (1909)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, were found attached to parapodial cirrus of an unknown eunicid host. No specific modifications were reported, but only the basal section of the host cirrus retained its form inside the pharynx of the parasite, and the distal part was apparently disintegrated and digested inside the parasite’s gut. These two specimens were not described and it is not mentioned if were deposited or not in a collection. Taken into account the geographical proximity and the similar habits and host, we suggest that they may correspond to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26CEA9FFC89143A833FD2371B1FD00" box="[1343,1436,657,682]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Haplosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFC89143A833FD2371B1FD00" box="[1343,1436,657,682]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">H. gula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
instead of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26CEA9FFC89143AC2CFD047593FD65" box="[288,446,694,719]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Haplosyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cephalata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFC89143AC2CFD047593FD65" box="[288,446,694,719]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">H. cephalata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Two more syllids have been reported as sucking ectoparasites:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26CEA9FFC89143A9F7FD047594FD5C" authority="Fauvel, 1939" authorityName="Fauvel" authorityYear="1939" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Haplosyllides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aberrans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFC89143A9F7FD04752CFD5F" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Haplosyllides aberrans</emphasis>
|
||
(Fauvel, 1939)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
found inside the ventral brood pouch of the shrimp
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26CEA9FFC89143A93EFD6E74F9FCB6" authority="Holthuis, 1952" authorityName="Holthuis" authorityYear="1952" class="Malacostraca" family="Palaemonidae" genus="Platycaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFC89143A93EFD6E710BFD5F" box="[1074,1318,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Platycaris latirostris</emphasis>
|
||
Holthuis, 1952
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, attached to a pleopod of the host (Martin
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFC89143AFC3FCB07726FCB1" box="[719,779,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26CEA9FFC89143AE9FFCB0709CFCB1" box="[915,1201,770,795]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Parasitosyllis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="claparede">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFC89143AE9FFCB0709CFCB1" box="[915,1201,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Parasitosyllis claparede</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was attached to an unidentified polychaete with the help of a highly modified pharynx (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7C8DBFFC89143AEFEFC957054FCEB" author="Potts" box="[1010,1145,807,833]" pageId="22" pageNumber="40" refString="Potts, F. A. (1913) Stolon Formation in Certain Species of Trypanosyllis. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 58, 411 - 446." type="journal article" year="1913">Potts 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but also the polynoid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26CEA9FFC89143AD9BFCFF767EFCCD" authority="Kinberg, 1855" authorityName="Kinberg" authorityYear="1855" box="[151,595,845,871]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Thormora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="johnstoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFC89143AD9BFCFF75A8FCCC" box="[151,389,845,870]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Thormora johnstoni</emphasis>
|
||
(Kinberg, 1855)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which lives in the burrows of the palolo worm,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26CEA9FFC89143A9A1FCFF74F9FC27" authority="Gray, 1847" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1847" class="Polychaeta" family="Eunicidae" genus="Palola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Eunicida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFC89143A9A1FCFF717CFCCC" box="[1197,1361,845,870]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Palola viridis</emphasis>
|
||
Gray, 1847
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was similarly attached to the caudal part of the host (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7C8DBFFC89143AE3AFCC6706BFC26" author="Hauenschild" box="[822,1094,884,908]" pageId="22" pageNumber="39" refString="Hauenschild, C., Fischer, A. & Hofmann, D. K. (1968) Untersuchungen am pazifischen Palolowurm Eunice viridis (Polychaeta) in Samoa. Helgolander wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen, 18, 254 - 295." type="journal article" year="1968">
|
||
Hauenschild
|
||
<emphasis id="B9526938FFC89143AEC7FCC777D6FC26" box="[971,1019,884,908]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1968
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |