254 lines
32 KiB
XML
254 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="928BC050682D93DBFC1F0DFE7DFC75F0" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5433.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10953646" ID-ZooBank="06E5A735-A276-41D7-A9EE-B09642D953B6" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1712750820505" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sak, Serdar, Karaytuğ, Süphan & Huys, Rony" docDate="2024" docId="03EB13395D6DFFBAC9CC12779D3DF89A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5433.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5433 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5433.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Arenopontia subterranea Kunz 1937" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="FFD26B415D69FFBEC95B1029983EFFA9" masterDocTitle="A revision of the genus Arenopontia Kunz, 1937 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Arenopontiidae), including the description of five new species" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1712751723636" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="F0D112D829A4BC72AF97D42497834310">A revision of the genus Arenopontia Kunz, 1937 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Arenopontiidae), including the description of five new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D519A314C0089B11149D7049EFF5934C">Sak, Serdar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="62120BFA965E9459A80BC60C30B45E75">Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Literature, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, Türkiye.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="ABAD242FC62EDA9AA4C55D4F7B5AD84D">Karaytuğ, Süphan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="33542A2BAD6FE384D2D0229FAC5D5426">Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mersin University, Mersin, Türkiye.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="979321B805851CA91A32C378648177BB">Huys, Rony</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A57D08B5B51044B2F094B1A02B1C9DE1">Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="33534439EECA437082D3CF8773A3A1A3">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="23F67B760C86ABF9FE617407E9E7546F">2024-04-04</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C358F1A45D6DFFBAC9CC12779A63FDD1" box="[151,605,605,632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFDA22F5D6DFFBAC9CC12779A63FDD1" blockId="4.[151,605,605,632]" box="[151,605,605,632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<heading id="D0B515435D6DFFBAC9CC12779A63FDD1" bold="true" box="[151,605,605,632]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C42D9AC5D6DFFBAC9CC12779A63FDD1" ID-CoL="GFQZ" authority="Kunz, 1937" authorityName="Kunz" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,605,605,632]" class="Copepoda" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterranea">
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<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBAC9CC12779A63FDD1" bold="true" box="[151,605,605,632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBAC9CC127799F9FDD1" bold="true" box="[151,455,605,632]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Arenopontia subterranea</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD3DFDE5D6DFFBAC89412779A63FDD1" author="Kunz, H." box="[463,605,606,632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="95 - 115" refId="ref27378" refString="Kunz, H. (1937) Zur Kenntnis der Harpacticoiden des Kustengrundwassers der Kieler Forde. (Studien an marinen Copepoden I.). Kieler Meeresforschungen, 2, 95 - 115." type="journal article" year="1937">Kunz, 1937</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C358F1A45D6DFFBAC9CC12B69D52FD52" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BFDA22F5D6DFFBAC9CC12B69B54FD1F" blockId="4.[151,874,670,694]" box="[151,874,670,694]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5285015D6DFFBAC9CC12B69B54FD1F" box="[151,874,670,694]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C42D9AC5D6DFFBAC9CC12B69A94FD1F" ID-CoL="GFQZ" authority="Kunz, 1937" authorityName="Kunz" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,682,670,694]" class="Copepoda" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterranea" subGenus="Arenopontia">
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<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBAC9CC12B6992BFD1F" box="[151,277,671,694]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Arenopontia</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBAC87F12B6999CFD1F" box="[292,418,671,694]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Arenopontia</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBAC8EB12B79A14FD1F" box="[432,554,670,694]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">subterranea</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD3DFDE5D6DFFBACB6A12B69A94FD1F" author="Kunz, H." box="[561,682,670,694]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="95 - 115" refId="ref27378" refString="Kunz, H. (1937) Zur Kenntnis der Harpacticoiden des Kustengrundwassers der Kieler Forde. (Studien an marinen Copepoden I.). Kieler Meeresforschungen, 2, 95 - 115." type="journal article" year="1937">Kunz, 1937</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE3843E5D6DFFBACBEF12B79B54FD1F" author="Wells, J. B. J." box="[692,874,670,694]" page="324" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1967">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD3DFDE5D6DFFBACBEF12B79B54FD1F" author="Wells, J. B. J." box="[692,874,670,694]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="189 - 358" refId="ref31337" refString="Wells, J. B. J. (1967) The littoral Copepoda (Crustacea) of Inhaca Island, Mozambique. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 67 (7), 189 - 358. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0080456800024017" type="journal article" year="1967">Wells (1967: 324)</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFDA22F5D6DFFBAC9CC12C99D52FD52" blockId="4.[151,1437,736,1843]" box="[151,1388,736,763]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBAC9CC12C999AEFD53" bold="true" box="[151,400,736,762]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Original description.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD3DFDE5D6DFFBAC8CC12C89A14FD52" author="Kunz, H." box="[407,554,737,763]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="95 - 115" refId="ref27378" refString="Kunz, H. (1937) Zur Kenntnis der Harpacticoiden des Kustengrundwassers der Kieler Forde. (Studien an marinen Copepoden I.). Kieler Meeresforschungen, 2, 95 - 115." type="journal article" year="1937">Kunz (1937)</bibRefCitation>
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: 107–110; Abb. 8 (Figures 38–42), 9 (Figures 43–47), 10 (Figures 48–51).
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C358F1A45D6DFFBAC9CC132D9D5DFCB6" box="[151,1379,772,799]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFDA22F5D6DFFBAC9CC132D9D5DFCB6" blockId="4.[151,1437,736,1843]" box="[151,1379,772,799]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBAC9CC132D9988FCB7" bold="true" box="[151,438,772,798]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Additional descriptions.</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD3DFDE5D6DFFBAC8E7132D9A5CFCB6" author="Mielke, W." box="[444,610,772,799]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 134" refId="ref28393" refString="Mielke, W. (1975) Systematik der Copepoda eines Sandstrandes der Nordseeinsel Sylt. Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens, 52, 1 - 134." type="journal article" year="1975">Mielke (1975)</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 109–110; Abb. 73.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD3DFDE5D6DFFBACA18132C9C81FCB6" author="Martinez Arbizu, P. & Moura, G." box="[835,1215,772,799]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="55 - 77" refId="ref28055" refString="Martinez Arbizu, P. & Moura, G. (1994) The phylogenetic position of the Cylindropsyllinae Sars (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) and the systematic status of the Leptopontiinae Lang. Zoologische Beitrage, Neue Folge, 35, 55 - 77." type="journal article" year="1994">Martínez Arbizu & Moura (1994)</bibRefCitation>
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: 64;
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<figureCitation id="1379BEAA5D6DFFBACDAE132D9D61FCB6" box="[1269,1375,772,799]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1413,194,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[162,1426,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. Arenopontia anatolica sp. nov. (♀): (A) antennule, dorsal [two setae on segment 2 incomplete); (B) antenna; (C) free endopod of antenna; (D) mandible [inset: gnathobase viewed from different angle]; (E) maxillule; (F) maxilla; (G) maxilliped." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10953652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10953652/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3a, c</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C358F1A45D6DFFBAC99C13009A34FC22" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BFDA22F5D6DFFBAC99C13009D62FCEB" blockId="4.[151,1437,736,1843]" box="[199,1372,808,835]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<materialsCitation id="3B2AA8725D6DFFBAC99C13009D67FCEB" box="[199,1369,808,835]" country="Germany" location="Kieler Forde" municipality="Schilksee" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBAC99C13009958FCEB" bold="true" box="[199,358,808,835]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<typeStatus id="54F91C8D5D6DFFBAC99C1300993CFCEA" box="[199,258,809,835]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F355E2BF5D6DFFBAC837130099EBFCEA" box="[364,469,809,835]" name="Germany" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Germany</collectingCountry>
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,
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<location id="8E9DF4F45D6DFFBAC8BA13019A4CFCEB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB13395D6DFFBAC9CC12779D3DF89A:8E9DF4F45D6DFFBAC8BA13019A4CFCEB" box="[481,626,808,834]" country="Germany" municipality="Schilksee" name="Kieler Forde" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Kieler Förde</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B9938555D6DFFBACB2613019AD2FCEB" box="[637,748,808,834]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Schilksee</collectingMunicipality>
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; intertidal coastal groundwater (“Küstengrundwasser”)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFDA22F5D6DFFBAC99C13649A34FC22" blockId="4.[151,1437,736,1843]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBAC99C1364995FFCCE" bold="true" box="[199,353,845,871]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Body length.</emphasis>
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380 μm (
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<specimenCount id="9D4469A65D6DFFBAC882136499D5FCCE" box="[473,491,845,871]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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) [
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD3DFDE5D6DFFBACB5D13649AAAFCCE" author="Kunz, H." box="[518,660,845,871]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="95 - 115" refId="ref27378" refString="Kunz, H. (1937) Zur Kenntnis der Harpacticoiden des Kustengrundwassers der Kieler Forde. (Studien an marinen Copepoden I.). Kieler Meeresforschungen, 2, 95 - 115." type="journal article" year="1937">Kunz, 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]; 300 μm (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4469A65D6DFFBACA4C13649B14FCCE" box="[791,810,845,871]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
), up to 390 μm (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4469A65D6DFFBACAAC13649C33FCCE" box="[1015,1037,845,871]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
) [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD3DFDE5D6DFFBACD7D13659C80FCCE" author="Noodt, W." box="[1062,1214,844,871]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="105 - 142" refId="ref28652" refString="Noodt, W. (1952) Marine Harpacticiden (Cop.) aus dem eulitoralen Sandstrand der Insel Sylt. Abhandlungen der mathematischnaturwissenschaftlichen Klasse. Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur Mainz, 1952 (3), 105 - 142." type="journal article" year="1952">Noodt, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]; 310–430 μm (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4469A65D6DFFBACC2313649DB5FCCE" box="[1400,1419,845,871]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
), 280–400 μm (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4469A65D6DFFBAC86E13589975FC22" box="[309,331,881,907]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
) [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD3DFDE5D6DFFBAC83A135999C1FC22" author="Mielke, W." box="[353,511,880,907]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 134" refId="ref28393" refString="Mielke, W. (1975) Systematik der Copepoda eines Sandstrandes der Nordseeinsel Sylt. Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens, 52, 1 - 134." type="journal article" year="1975">Mielke, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C358F1A45D6DFFBAC99C13BC9D3DF89A" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph id="8BFDA22F5D6DFFBAC99C13BC9910FB2F" blockId="4.[151,1437,736,1843]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBAC99C13BC9905FC06" bold="true" box="[199,315,917,943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C42D9AC5D6DFFBAC81813BC9A62FC07" authorityName="Kunz" authorityYear="1937" box="[323,604,916,943]" class="Copepoda" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterranea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBAC81813BC9A62FC07" box="[323,604,916,943]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Arenopontia subterranea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is morphologically close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C42D9AC5D6DFFBACAC513BC9C6CFC07" authorityName="Masry" authorityYear="1970" box="[926,1106,916,943]" class="Copepoda" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="problematica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBACAC513BC9C6CFC07" box="[926,1106,916,943]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. problematica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C42D9AC5D6DFFBACDD113BC9D2FFC07" authority="Sak & Karaytuğ & Huys, 2024" authorityName="Sak & Karaytuğ & Huys" authorityYear="2024" box="[1162,1297,916,943]" class="Copepoda" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adriatica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBACDD113BC9D2FFC07" box="[1162,1297,916,943]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. adriatica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBACC4313BC9D4CFC06" bold="true" box="[1304,1394,917,943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A205C3465D6DFFBACC4313BC9D4CFC06" box="[1304,1394,917,943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
All three species can be differentiated from one another by morphometric differences displayed by the P1 endopod (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6C097945D6DFFBAC9C413F598CBFC5E" box="[159,245,988,1015]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,964,988]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological characters differentiating species of Arenopontia. P1 (enp-1:exp length ratio), P1 enp-1 (length: width ratio), P5 ♀ and P6 ♂ (number of armature elements), CR (ornamentation of caudal rami), An Op (ornamentation of anal operculum). Group I = species with 0–1 spatulate seta(e) on apical segment of antennule, three groups of spinules along outer margin of P1 enp-1, and two elements on ♂ P6; Group II = species with two spatulate setae on apical segment of antennule, single large spinule near outer distal corner of P1 enp-1, and one element on ♂ P6." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD3DFDE5D6DFFBAC8F513F59A73FC5E" author="Mielke, W." box="[430,589,988,1015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 134" refId="ref28393" refString="Mielke, W. (1975) Systematik der Copepoda eines Sandstrandes der Nordseeinsel Sylt. Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens, 52, 1 - 134." type="journal article" year="1975">Mielke (1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Abb. 73A), the female P5 has a minute dentiform projection at its distal margin, possibly representing a vestige of the fourth seta that is expressed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C42D9AC5D6DFFBACD5F14289C5FFBB3" authorityName="Lindgren" authorityYear="1976" box="[1028,1121,1024,1051]" class="Copepoda" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="riedli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBACD5F14289C5FFBB3" box="[1028,1121,1024,1051]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. riedli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C42D9AC5D6DFFBACD2B14289D37FBB3" authority="Sak & Karaytuğ & Huys, 2024" authorityName="Sak & Karaytuğ & Huys" authorityYear="2024" box="[1136,1289,1024,1051]" class="Copepoda" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basibuyuki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBACD2B14289D37FBB3" box="[1136,1289,1024,1051]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. basibuyuki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBACC4A14289D52FBB2" bold="true" box="[1297,1388,1025,1051]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A205C3465D6DFFBACC4A14289D52FBB2" box="[1297,1388,1025,1051]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C42D9AC5D6DFFBAC9CC140C9926FB97" authority="Sak & Karaytuğ & Huys, 2024" authorityName="Sak & Karaytuğ & Huys" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,280,1060,1087]" class="Copepoda" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syltensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBAC9CC140C9926FB97" box="[151,280,1060,1087]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. syltensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBAC87A140C9943FB96" bold="true" box="[289,381,1061,1087]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A205C3465D6DFFBAC87A140C9943FB96" box="[289,381,1061,1087]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Although this feature has not been reported in any other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C42D9AC5D6DFFBACD4D140C9CC0FB97" box="[1046,1278,1060,1087]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBACD4D140C9C9FFB96" box="[1046,1185,1061,1087]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Arenopontia</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, confirmation of its consistent presence in a larger sample is required before its significance as a diagnostic character can be corroborated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFDA22F5D6DFFBAC99C14B99D3DF89A" blockId="4.[151,1437,736,1843]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
The type material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C42D9AC5D6DFFBAC89A14B89AE3FB03" authorityName="Kunz" authorityYear="1937" box="[449,733,1168,1195]" class="Copepoda" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterranea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBAC89A14B89AE3FB03" box="[449,733,1168,1195]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Arenopontia subterranea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
no longer exists since Kunz’s pre-1940 copepod collections that were deposited at the Institut für Meereskunde in Kiel were destroyed in 1944 during World War II (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD3DFDE5D6DFFBACC74149D98EDFB5A" author="Schriever, G." pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="371 - 376" refId="ref30318" refString="Schriever, G. (1984) The history of the copepod investigations at the Zoologisches Institut und Museum der Christian-Albrechts- Universitat zu Kiel. In: Vervoort, W. & Vaupel Klein, J. C. von (Eds.), Studies on Copepoda II. Proceedings of the First International Conference on Copepoda, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 24 - 28 August 1981. Crustaceana, Supplement 7, pp. 371 - 376. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 9789004629363 _ 040" type="journal article" year="1984">Schriever 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Despite several sampling efforts in German waters, we have been unable to obtain
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F91C8D5D6DFFBACD2014F09CE3FB5A" box="[1147,1245,1241,1267]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="topotype">topotype</typeStatus>
|
||
or other material that could be positively attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C42D9AC5D6DFFBACB1F14D49AD2FABF" authorityName="Kunz" authorityYear="1937" box="[580,748,1276,1303]" class="Copepoda" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterranea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBACB1F14D49AD2FABF" box="[580,748,1276,1303]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. subterranea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The discovery of a closely related species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C42D9AC5D6DFFBACDAB14D49D4FFABF" authority="Sak & Karaytuğ & Huys, 2024" authorityName="Sak & Karaytuğ & Huys" authorityYear="2024" box="[1264,1393,1276,1303]" class="Copepoda" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syltensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBACDAB14D49D4FFABF" box="[1264,1393,1276,1303]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. syltensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBACC2014D498F6FA92" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A205C3465D6DFFBACC2014D498F6FA92" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, from the Isle of Sylt also casts further doubt on the validity of certain German records and indeed most northwestern European reports of the species. As pointed out by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD3DFDE5D6DFFBACA22156D9C04FAF6" author="Sak, S. & Huys, R. & Karaytug, S." box="[889,1082,1348,1375]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="409 - 458" refId="ref30190" refString="Sak, S., Huys, R. & Karaytug, S. (2008) Disentangling the subgeneric division of Arenopontia Kunz, 1937: resurrection of Psammoleptastacus Pennak, 1942, re-examination of Neoleptastacus spinicaudatus Nicholls, 1945, and proposal of two new genera and a new generic classification (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Arenopontiidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 152, 409 - 458. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2007.00373. x" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Sak
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBACAF0156C9BDBFAF7" box="[939,997,1348,1374]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2008)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the problem is exacerbated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD3DFDE5D6DFFBAC9CC15419918FA2A" author="Arlt" box="[151,294,1384,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="45 - 85" refId="ref24647" refString="Arlt, G. (1983) Taxonomy and ecology of some harpacticoids (Crustacea, Copepoda) in the Baltic Sea and Kattegat. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, 110, 45 - 85." type="journal article" year="1983">Arlt’s (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
discovery of a female specimen from the Baltic which was identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C42D9AC5D6DFFBACD6715409CDEFA2B" authorityName="Kunz" authorityYear="1937" box="[1084,1248,1384,1411]" class="Copepoda" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterranea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBACD6715409CDEFA2B" box="[1084,1248,1384,1411]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. subterranea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. His illustrations indicate that he was dealing with a different species (see below), raising the suspicion that not all records east of the Skagerrak can be attributed to the type species with confidence.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C42D9AC5D6DFFBACAF015989CF9FA63" authorityName="Kunz" authorityYear="1937" box="[939,1223,1456,1483]" class="Copepoda" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterranea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBACAF015989CF9FA63" box="[939,1223,1456,1483]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Arenopontia subterranea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has not only been reported throughout Europe from the Baltic to the Black Sea basin. Additional unverified records from Madeira, the Indian subcontinent,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F355E2BF5D6DFFBAC8DE15D19A27F9BB" box="[389,537,1528,1554]" name="Mozambique" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
and both North and South Carolina have led to the suggestion that this species is potentially cosmopolitan (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD3DFDE5D6DFFBAC88F16359A40F99E" author="Lindgren, E. W." box="[468,638,1564,1591]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refId="ref27573" refString="Lindgren, E. W. (1972) Systematics and ecology of North Carolina marine Sandy-beach Harpacticoida (Copepoda: Crustacea). PhD dissertation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 212 pp." type="book" year="1972">Lindgren 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD3DFDE5D6DFFBACBD216359AFAF99F" author="Lindgren, E. W." box="[649,708,1564,1590]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="229 - 240" refId="ref27614" refString="Lindgren, E. W. (1976) Five species of Arenopontia (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from a North Carolina beach, U. S. A. Crustaceana, 30, 229 - 240. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854076 X 00611" type="journal article" year="1976">1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD3DFDE5D6DFFBACB8B16349B01F99E" author="Rao, G. C." box="[720,831,1565,1591]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="153 - 178" refId="ref29215" refString="Rao, G. C. (1980) On the zoogeography of the interstitial meiofauna of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Indian Ocean. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 77, 153 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.26515 / rzsi / v 77 / i 1 - 4 / 1979 / 161851" type="journal article" year="1980">Rao 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD3DFDE5D6DFFBACA1116359BF4F99F" author="Wells, J. B. J." box="[842,970,1564,1590]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="189 - 358" refId="ref31337" refString="Wells, J. B. J. (1967) The littoral Copepoda (Crustacea) of Inhaca Island, Mozambique. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 67 (7), 189 - 358. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0080456800024017" type="journal article" year="1967">Wells 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 1986).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD3DFDE5D6DFFBACD7F16359CE2F99F" author="Lindgren, E. W." box="[1060,1244,1564,1590]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="229 - 240" refId="ref27614" refString="Lindgren, E. W. (1976) Five species of Arenopontia (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from a North Carolina beach, U. S. A. Crustaceana, 30, 229 - 240. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854076 X 00611" type="journal article" year="1976">Lindgren (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
claimed that it is conceivable that its geographical range will be extended even further when more sandy intertidal habitats become surveyed in the Pacific. The great majority of the published records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C42D9AC5D6DFFBACA8E164C9C40F9D7" authorityName="Kunz" authorityYear="1937" box="[981,1150,1636,1663]" class="Copepoda" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterranea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBACA8E164C9C40F9D7" box="[981,1150,1636,1663]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. subterranea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are not accompanied by illustrations that could confirm their authenticity. This unfortunate state of affairs stems from the fact that many authors have identified their material with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C42D9AC5D6DFFBACB3716849B2FF96F" authorityName="Kunz" authorityYear="1937" box="[620,785,1708,1735]" class="Copepoda" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterranea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBACB3716849B2FF96F" box="[620,785,1708,1735]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. subterranea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, assuming that this species displays extensive intraspecific variability. Faced with this widely adopted misconception we have elected to take a critical stance in accepting records as sufficiently reliable. The true range of the species is as yet unknown but it is likely to be restricted to northwestern Europe where it occurs sympatrically with other congeners such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C42D9AC5D6DFFBACD7F17309C9CF89B" authority="Sak & Karaytuğ & Huys, 2024" authorityName="Sak & Karaytuğ & Huys" authorityYear="2024" box="[1060,1186,1816,1843]" class="Copepoda" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syltensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBACD7F17309C9CF89B" box="[1060,1186,1816,1843]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. syltensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9367E3D5D6DFFBACDF217309D3DF89A" bold="true" box="[1193,1283,1817,1843]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A205C3465D6DFFBACDF217309D3DF89A" box="[1193,1283,1817,1843]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |