216 lines
30 KiB
XML
216 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="9FDFBF7CF614496D420104C7DEDCCB8A" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4132.1.7" ID-CLB-Dataset="38697" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4132.1.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f32eb8f7-1c50-4e8e-b522-2c099762cf06" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="266941" ID-ZooBank="DA13C2D5-5BEE-45C6-9AA1-33789C1E9171" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1467096622281" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Monniot, Françoise" docDate="2016" docId="03DD87A00F14E52C93EFC22CFEF54393" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4132.1.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4132 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Polyandrocarpa arianae Monniot, 2016, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="91" masterDocId="FFE4FFD80F14E5289378C576FFB4423E" masterDocTitle="A new species of Polyandrocarpa (Ascidiacea, Styelidae) in the Mediterranean Sea" masterLastPageNumber="96" masterPageNumber="87" pageNumber="87" updateTime="1698663333426" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="3B5DBDC08A5C52B50FAB21DD14EC0C65">A new species of Polyandrocarpa (Ascidiacea, Styelidae) in the Mediterranean Sea</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="DCDC8EF72F399741D2AEC06FD8CAA65F" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F881E6CEDBAA65B2D3CDC2A80E0FDF6E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="55A47121F2878990E15FA163FF1E74A1">Monniot, Françoise</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8E6D974628BCB81E1EEBD8ED487FED39">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E93CBDE6D19441B3570871DC464820D5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="8C93F4E9C2E8FCEB84625460703928E5">
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<mods:date id="83951C4C040E42AFCEBEFB915403709F">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="8B10EB72C6F8771644FB2BEB088283F3" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="93EC7C34929357C0F59B4A35CE4A5484">4132</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="962116A95A4FCCC093A5D4952C8711D7" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="E01793C0D40A5D0320DAAD5CB772E897">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="20E801FBFBFBA5A55D846F241332CE49">87</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="FD2A62B9A342B3DDD9422C4ACD5F5C37">96</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="B9D25F8DA404E8C480AFE12B3DCF19F3">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="3577A4653FAC86A1358A6D76EBC59576" type="CLB-Dataset">38697</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D6F926D6E2E86E571178D32A9610FCA9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4132.1.7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="76BA14697E2E851BE1B02434D70EC34E" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DD87A00F14E52C93EFC22CFEF54393" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6055043" ID-GBIF-Taxon="121071209" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6055043" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87A00F14E52C93EFC22CFEF54393" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD87A00F14E52C93EFC22CFEF54393" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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<subSubSection id="C36E653D0F14E52893EFC22CFE9745A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCB36B60F14E52893EFC22CFDB2454B" blockId="0.[151,518,1882,1942]" box="[151,518,1882,1909]" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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<heading id="D08381DA0F14E52893EFC22CFDB2454B" bold="true" box="[151,518,1882,1909]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B900EAA40F14E52893EFC22CFDB2454B" bold="true" box="[151,518,1882,1909]" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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<taxonomicName id="4C744D350F14E52893EFC22CFE09454A" box="[151,445,1882,1908]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyandrocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arianae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B900EAA40F14E52893EFC22CFE09454A" bold="true" box="[151,445,1882,1908]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Polyandrocarpa arianae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357DF0F14E52892BCC22DFDB2454B" box="[452,518,1883,1909]" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCB36B60F14E52893EFC20BFE9745A8" blockId="0.[151,518,1882,1942]" box="[151,291,1917,1942]" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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<figureCitation id="134F2A330F14E52893EFC20BFEB445A8" box="[151,256,1917,1942]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1767,1789]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,179,1739]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,179,1743]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Polyandrocarpa arianae n. sp. A, part of a colony; B, individual without tunic; C, D, left and right sides of a specimen removed from tunic. Scale bars: A = 1 cm; C, D = 4 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266942/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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Figures
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<docIssue id="CF1749590F14E528938AC208FEB445A8" box="[242,256,1918,1942]" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">1</docIssue>
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</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134F2A330F14E5289276C208FEAB45A8" box="[270,287,1918,1942]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,443,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polyandrocarpa arianae n. sp. A, several polycarps; B, branchial tissue of a specimen from “ Medits ”; C, internal side of the atrial siphon; D, branchial sac and E, body wall of a specimen from Corsica. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B = 1 cm; C = 1 mm; D, E = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266943/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">2</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36E653D0F14E52993EFC2B3FABA4562" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BCB36B60F14E52893EFC2B3FD0F45E0" blockId="0.[151,699,1989,2014]" box="[151,699,1989,2014]" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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<emphasis id="B900EAA40F14E52893EFC2B3FE9545E3" bold="true" box="[151,289,1989,2013]" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Etymology:</emphasis>
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name of my grand-daughter Ariane.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF0B663E0F15E52993EFC391FC994522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266942/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" targetBox="[151,1434,179,1739]" targetPageId="1">
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<paragraph id="8BCB36B60F15E52993EFC391FC994522" blockId="1.[151,1436,1767,1820]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
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<emphasis id="B900EAA40F15E52993EFC391FEA144C2" bold="true" box="[151,277,1767,1789]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C744D350F15E5299266C391FDAF44C3" box="[286,539,1767,1789]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyandrocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arianae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B900EAA40F15E5299266C391FDAF44C3" box="[286,539,1767,1789]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Polyandrocarpa arianae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B900EAA40F15E529915CC391FDD444C2" bold="true" box="[548,608,1767,1788]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357DF0F15E529915CC391FDD444C2" box="[548,608,1767,1788]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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A, part of a colony; B, individual without tunic; C,D, left and right sides of a specimen removed from tunic. Scale bars: A = 1cm; C,D = 4mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BCB36B60F15E52993BFC234FABA4562" blockId="1.[151,1436,1858,2028]" box="[199,1294,1858,1884]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
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<emphasis id="B900EAA40F15E52993BFC234FE9B4565" bold="true" box="[199,303,1858,1883]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Stations:</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F36376260F15E529924EC235FE3B4562" box="[310,399,1859,1884]" name="France" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Corsica</collectingCountry>
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, off Porto Vecchio, 5/
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<quantity id="4C8C9B530F15E52991FBC235FD4E4562" box="[643,762,1859,1884]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9959" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="1995.9">1995, 90m</quantity>
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coll. C. Monniot
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<typeStatus id="54CF88140F15E52990B9C232FC4D4562" box="[961,1017,1860,1884]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Type</typeStatus>
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(MNHN S1 POL.A 50).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36E653D0F15E52C93BFC21EFE5C42C6" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCB36B60F15E52993BFC21EFB60459A" blockId="1.[151,1436,1858,2028]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
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IFREMER “Medits” T 77, 42°
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4050710F15E5299167C211FDCB45BE" box="[543,639,1895,1920]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" precision="555" value="48.13">48.13N-</geoCoordinate>
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4°
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4050710F15E52991EEC211FD5E45BE" box="[662,746,1895,1920]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" precision="555" value="42.68">42.68E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="FFCA10760F15E529918DC211FCCC45BE" box="[757,888,1895,1920]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" value="2013-06-20">20/06/2013</date>
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, 584m- “Medits” T 72, 43°
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4050710F15E52997D3C211FAB445BE" box="[1195,1280,1895,1920]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" precision="555" value="5.41">05.41N</geoCoordinate>
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–4°
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4050710F15E529965FC211FACF45BE" box="[1319,1403,1895,1920]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" precision="555" value="9.53">09.53E</geoCoordinate>
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, 6/
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<quantity id="4C8C9B530F15E52993EFC2FAFEA7459A" box="[151,275,1931,1956]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.01495" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="2014.95">
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2014,
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<specimenCount id="9D72FD3F0F15E52993A5C2FDFEA7459A" box="[221,275,1931,1956]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" type="generic">95m</specimenCount>
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</quantity>
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.- “Medits” T 80, 43°
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4050710F15E5299282C2FDFDE5459A" box="[506,593,1931,1956]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" precision="555" value="4.45">04.45N</geoCoordinate>
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–4°
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4050710F15E529910FC2FDFD7F459A" box="[631,715,1931,1956]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" precision="555" value="0.97">00.97E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="FFCA10760F15E52991AEC2FDFCEC459A" box="[726,856,1931,1956]" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" value="2014-06-24">
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24/06/
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<quantity id="4C8C9B530F15E5299067C2FDFCEC459A" box="[799,856,1931,1956]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.01498" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="2014.98">2014</quantity>
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</date>
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, 98m (MNHN S1 POL.A 53–55).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCB36B60F15E52A93BFC2D9FBEF43B6" blockId="1.[151,1436,1858,2028]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,392]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
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The colonies are composed of clumps of upright elongated zooids (
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<figureCitation id="134F2A330F15E52990B8C2D9FC4945F6" box="[960,1021,1967,1992]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1767,1789]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,179,1739]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,179,1743]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Polyandrocarpa arianae n. sp. A, part of a colony; B, individual without tunic; C, D, left and right sides of a specimen removed from tunic. Scale bars: A = 1 cm; C, D = 4 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266942/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Fig 1</figureCitation>
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A) linked at their base to a common sheet of tunic and also with some stolons arising from the body sides. The body size is variable in the same colony but does not exceed
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<quantity id="4C8C9B530F16E52A92FCC5EEFE7F428E" box="[388,459,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="18.0">18mm</quantity>
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in height. The siphons are slightly protruding, the oral is apical and the atrial a little lower (
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<figureCitation id="134F2A330F16E52A939FC5CAFE9442EA" box="[231,288,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1767,1789]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,179,1739]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,179,1743]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Polyandrocarpa arianae n. sp. A, part of a colony; B, individual without tunic; C, D, left and right sides of a specimen removed from tunic. Scale bars: A = 1 cm; C, D = 4 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266942/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="89">Fig 1</figureCitation>
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A,D,G). They have 4 lobes and open in a cross. The tunic is thin but resistant and impregnated with sand and mud on the body sides, but it becomes thicker basally. Extracted from the tunic the body wall is extremely thin and transparent (
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<figureCitation id="134F2A330F16E52A92FAC472FE0B4322" box="[386,447,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1767,1789]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,179,1739]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,179,1743]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Polyandrocarpa arianae n. sp. A, part of a colony; B, individual without tunic; C, D, left and right sides of a specimen removed from tunic. Scale bars: A = 1 cm; C, D = 4 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266942/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="89">Fig.1</figureCitation>
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B,D,G). On the body the network of crossed muscular fibres is weak as a felting, and the siphon sphincters are not strong. The number of oral tentacles is variable reaching 30-35 on a line, in three orders of size, at the base of a large thin velum. The prepharyngeal band forms a wide V. The dorsal tubercle is a protruding button opening anteriorly in a C at the top of an elongated neural ganglion.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF0B663E0F16E52A93EFC2EFFEE945D2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266943/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" targetBox="[154,1436,443,1912]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="8BCB36B60F16E52A93EFC2EFFEE945D2" blockId="2.[151,1435,1945,2028]" pageId="2" pageNumber="89">
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<emphasis id="B900EAA40F16E52A93EFC2EFFEA64590" bold="true" box="[151,274,1945,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="89">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C744D350F16E52A9261C2EFFDA74591" box="[281,531,1945,1967]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyandrocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arianae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B900EAA40F16E52A9261C2EFFDA74591" box="[281,531,1945,1967]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="89">Polyandrocarpa arianae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B900EAA40F16E52A9161C2EFFDE64590" bold="true" box="[537,594,1945,1966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357DF0F16E52A9161C2EFFDE64590" box="[537,594,1945,1966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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A, several polycarps; B, branchial tissue of a specimen from “Medits”; C, internal side of the atrial siphon; D, branchial sac and E, body wall of a specimen from Corsica. Scale bars: A = 0.5mm; B = 1cm; C = 1mm; D, E = 5mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="DF0B663E0F17E52B93EFC18AFED0470E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266944/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="90" targetBox="[157,1424,204,1244]" targetPageId="3">
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<paragraph id="8BCB36B60F17E52B93EFC18AFED0470E" blockId="3.[151,1436,1276,1328]" pageId="3" pageNumber="90">
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<emphasis id="B900EAA40F17E52B93EFC18AFEA7472F" bold="true" box="[151,275,1276,1298]" pageId="3" pageNumber="90">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C744D350F17E52B9262C18AFD85472C" box="[282,561,1276,1298]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyandrocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="3" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorritensis">
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<emphasis id="B900EAA40F17E52B9262C18AFD85472C" box="[282,561,1276,1298]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="90">Polyandrocarpa zorritensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. A, part of a colony; B zooid extracted from the tunic; C, three polycarps. Scale bars: A = 1cm; C = 5mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BCB36B60F17E52B93BFC02AFE7047DF" blockId="3.[151,1437,1372,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="90">
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The branchial sac is wide with 4 low but complete folds on each side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A330F17E52B90ABC02AFBA5474B" box="[979,1041,1372,1397]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,443,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polyandrocarpa arianae n. sp. A, several polycarps; B, branchial tissue of a specimen from “ Medits ”; C, internal side of the atrial siphon; D, branchial sac and E, body wall of a specimen from Corsica. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B = 1 cm; C = 1 mm; D, E = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266943/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="90">Fig.2</figureCitation>
|
||
B,D). The dorsal lamina is long and low with a smooth edge, not displaced toward the left. The folds are distant from each other with generally 4 well isolated longitudinal vessels in the spaces (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A330F17E52B91FAC0D3FD0B4783" box="[642,703,1445,1470]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,443,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polyandrocarpa arianae n. sp. A, several polycarps; B, branchial tissue of a specimen from “ Medits ”; C, internal side of the atrial siphon; D, branchial sac and E, body wall of a specimen from Corsica. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B = 1 cm; C = 1 mm; D, E = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266943/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="90">Fig 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B,D). They all reach the basal curved line of the endostyle. For example two formulae are:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36B60F17E52B93BFC098FC2C443B" blockId="3.[151,1437,1372,2010]" box="[199,920,1517,1541]" pageId="3" pageNumber="90">RE 4 (10) 4 (11) 4 (11) 4 (8) 1 DL (11) 3 (11) 4 (12) 4 (10) 3 EL</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36B60F17E52B93BFC364FC3F4417" blockId="3.[151,1437,1372,2010]" box="[199,907,1553,1578]" pageId="3" pageNumber="90">RE 4 (9) 5 (11) 4 (10) 4 (8) 1 DL (11) 4 (10) 4 (10) 4 (11) 3 EL</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36B60F17E52B93BFC343FBAA444C" blockId="3.[151,1437,1372,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="90">
|
||
There is always 1 entire longitudinal vessel between the dorsal lamina and the first fold on the right (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A330F17E52B93E7C32FFF69444C" box="[159,221,1625,1650]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,443,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polyandrocarpa arianae n. sp. A, several polycarps; B, branchial tissue of a specimen from “ Medits ”; C, internal side of the atrial siphon; D, branchial sac and E, body wall of a specimen from Corsica. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B = 1 cm; C = 1 mm; D, E = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266943/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="90">Fig.2</figureCitation>
|
||
B,D). Parastigmatic vessels are present everywhere on elongated stigmata.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36B60F17E52B93BFC30BFC4645E4" blockId="3.[151,1437,1372,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="90">
|
||
The digestive tract occupies the posterior part of the left body side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A330F17E52B9770C30BFBE644AB" box="[1032,1106,1661,1686]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,443,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polyandrocarpa arianae n. sp. A, several polycarps; B, branchial tissue of a specimen from “ Medits ”; C, internal side of the atrial siphon; D, branchial sac and E, body wall of a specimen from Corsica. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B = 1 cm; C = 1 mm; D, E = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266943/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="90">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
E). It begins with a narrow oesophagus, followed by a round stomach with internal folds (about 8 plications on the mesial side). The primary gut loop is very short and closed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A330F17E52B9167C3B3FDD044E3" box="[543,612,1733,1758]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,443,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polyandrocarpa arianae n. sp. A, several polycarps; B, branchial tissue of a specimen from “ Medits ”; C, internal side of the atrial siphon; D, branchial sac and E, body wall of a specimen from Corsica. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B = 1 cm; C = 1 mm; D, E = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266943/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="90">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
E). The rectum is long and narrow ending in a gaping anus fringed with round lobes. There is no gastric caecum. The gut is only linked to the body wall and the branchial sac by bridles. There are no endocarps either inside the gut loop or on the body wall. The gonads are not in a line but irregularly distributed on both sides at some distance from the ventral line (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A330F17E52B901EC247FC1E4577" box="[870,938,1841,1866]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1767,1789]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,179,1739]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,179,1743]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Polyandrocarpa arianae n. sp. A, part of a colony; B, individual without tunic; C, D, left and right sides of a specimen removed from tunic. Scale bars: A = 1 cm; C, D = 4 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266942/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="90">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||
B, 2E). Ten to 12 sausage-like polycarps are on the right side and 9 to 10 on the left side in the largest zooids. They are only linked to the body wall and the branchial tissue by thin bridles. The central ovary lies on a double row of lobed male vesicles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A330F17E52B97C4C20FFB4D45AF" box="[1212,1273,1913,1938]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,443,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polyandrocarpa arianae n. sp. A, several polycarps; B, branchial tissue of a specimen from “ Medits ”; C, internal side of the atrial siphon; D, branchial sac and E, body wall of a specimen from Corsica. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B = 1 cm; C = 1 mm; D, E = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266943/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="90">Fig 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Each testis vesicle is lobed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A330F17E52B9224C2EBFE16458B" box="[348,418,1949,1974]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,443,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polyandrocarpa arianae n. sp. A, several polycarps; B, branchial tissue of a specimen from “ Medits ”; C, internal side of the atrial siphon; D, branchial sac and E, body wall of a specimen from Corsica. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B = 1 cm; C = 1 mm; D, E = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266943/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="90">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
E) and has a thin duct which encircles the side of the ovarian tube which connects to a longitudinal common sperm duct ending against the female papilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A330F17E52B90EBC2B7FC6445E4" box="[915,976,1985,2010]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,443,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polyandrocarpa arianae n. sp. A, several polycarps; B, branchial tissue of a specimen from “ Medits ”; C, internal side of the atrial siphon; D, branchial sac and E, body wall of a specimen from Corsica. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B = 1 cm; C = 1 mm; D, E = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266943/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="90">Fig.2</figureCitation>
|
||
A).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36B60F10E52C93BFC5EEFE5C42C6" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="91">
|
||
A ring of numerous thread-like tentacles arises from the base of a large velum at the atrial opening (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A330F10E52C9646C5E1FAC8428E" box="[1342,1404,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,443,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polyandrocarpa arianae n. sp. A, several polycarps; B, branchial tissue of a specimen from “ Medits ”; C, internal side of the atrial siphon; D, branchial sac and E, body wall of a specimen from Corsica. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B = 1 cm; C = 1 mm; D, E = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266943/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="91">Fig.2</figureCitation>
|
||
C). The atrial velum is inflated in numerous round bubbles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A330F10E52C905DC5CAFCD442EB" box="[805,864,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,443,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polyandrocarpa arianae n. sp. A, several polycarps; B, branchial tissue of a specimen from “ Medits ”; C, internal side of the atrial siphon; D, branchial sac and E, body wall of a specimen from Corsica. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B = 1 cm; C = 1 mm; D, E = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266943/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="91">Fig.2</figureCitation>
|
||
C) (not found on the oral velum) and they do not seem to be due to contraction.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E653D0F10E52C93BFC472FEF54393" pageId="4" pageNumber="91" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36B60F10E52C93BFC472FEF54393" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="91">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAA40F10E52C93BFC472FE8F4322" bold="true" box="[199,315,260,284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="91">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D350F10E52C923AC473FE014322" box="[322,437,261,284]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyandrocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="91" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arianae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAA40F10E52C923AC473FE014322" box="[322,437,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="91">P. arianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAA40F10E52C92C5C472FE494322" bold="true" box="[445,509,260,284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="91">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357DF0F10E52C92C5C472FE494322" box="[445,509,260,284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="91" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
somewhat resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D350F10E52C918DC473FBE34322" authority="Van Name,1931" authorityName="Van Name" authorityYear="1931" box="[757,1111,260,284]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyandrocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="91" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorritensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAA40F10E52C918DC473FC334322" box="[757,903,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="91">P. zorritensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B470F10E52C90EFC472FBFB4322" author="Van" box="[919,1103,260,284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="91" refString="Van Name, W. G. (1931) New North and South American ascidians. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 61, 207 - 225." type="journal article" year="1931">Van Name,1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its colony shape and size, it lives in the same geographic area (though
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D350F10E52C91FAC45FFCA74301" box="[642,787,296,320]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyandrocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="91" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorritensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAA40F10E52C91FAC45FFCA74301" box="[642,787,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="91">P. zorritensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is introduced in the Mediterranean (Brunetti
|
||
<date id="FFCA10760F10E52C9673C45EFADD437E" box="[1291,1385,296,320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="91" value="1978" valueMax="1979">1978-79</date>
|
||
) but deeper but differs from it in several important internal characters which are described below. A comparison will be made also with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D350F10E52C910FC407FC2C43B6" authority="Tokioka, 1961" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1961" box="[631,920,367,392]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyandrocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="91" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rollandi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAA40F10E52C910FC407FD5943B6" box="[631,749,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="91">P. rollandi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B470F10E52C918DC419FC2C43B6" author="Tokioka" box="[757,920,367,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="91" refString="Tokioka, T. (1961) Ascidians collected during the Melanesian Expedition of the Osaka Museum of Natural History. I Ascidians presented by R. L. A. Catala of the aquarium of Noumea. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 9 (1), 103 - 138." type="journal article" year="1961">Tokioka, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Pacific Ocean which also differs by few characters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |