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<emphasis id="B912EA982C2D097AFF1DF8C3FED87343" bold="true" box="[151,354,1826,1853]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Gibberula vignali</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C2D097AFEE3F8C2FD7F7342" author="Dautzenberg, P. &amp; Fischer, H." box="[361,709,1826,1853]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="395 - 498" refId="ref100132" refString="Dautzenberg, P. &amp; Fischer, H. (1896) Dragages effectue´s par l' Hirondelle et par la Princesse-Alice: 1. Mollusques gaste´ropodes. Me´moires de la Socie´te´Zoologique de France, 9, 395 - 498." type="journal article" year="1896">Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C2D097AFF1DF8A6FE977319" blockId="63.[151,709,1826,1895]" box="[151,301,1863,1895]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<figureCitation id="135D2A0F2C2D097AFF1DF8A6FF45731F" box="[151,255,1863,1889]" captionStart="PLATE 4" captionStartId="144.[151,234,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-24@144.[203,1385,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="144" captionText="PLATE 4. A. Tethystrombus coronatus (Defrance, 1827), CIADP-F 32, height 119.1 mm, width 107.2 mm, Figueiral. B. Talisman scrobilator (Linnaeus, 1758), Ponta dos Cedros, size not known, LNEG collection (unnumbered, specimen not seen, part of a photograph database). C. Aspa marginata (Gmelin, 1791), DBUA-F 1428-1, height 28.0 mm, width 20.0 mm, Ponta dos Cedros. D1-D2. Monoplex comptus (A. Adams, 1855) height 25.0 mm, width 14.0 mm, Pinheiros (figure D1 taken from Bronn in Reiss, 1862, pl, 1, fig.10 and figure D2 from Mayer, 1864, pl. 7, fig. 52). E1-E3. Distorsio mcgintyi Emerson &amp; Puffer, 1953, DBUA-F 1189-1, height 31.0 mm, width 18.0 mm, Pedra-que-pica. F. Xenophora sp., height 70.0 mm, diameter 15.0 mm, unknown locality, LNEG collection (unnumbered). G1-G3. Gibberula vignali Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer, 1896, DBUA-F 1044-1, height 2.8 mm, width 1.6 mm, Pedra-que-pica. H1-H2. Cancellaria parcestriata Bronn, 1862, height 10.0 mm, width 6.5 mm, Pinheiros (figure H1 taken from Bronn in Reiss (1862), pl. 1, fig. 7 and figure H2 from Mayer (1864), pl. 7, fig. 51). I1-I2. Costoanachis semicostata (Sacco, 1890), DBUA-F 1034-4, height 6.9 mm, width 3.0 mm, Macela viewpoint. J. Costoanachis sp., DBUA-F 1059, height 2.7 mm, width 1.6 mm, Baía do Raposo. K. Angustifusus longiroster (Brocchi, 1814), height 36.0 mm, width 18.1 mm, unknown locality, LNEG collection (unnumbered). L. Fusinus nov. sp.?, height 51.0 mm, width 24.0 mm, Ponta do Norte lighthouse, LNEG collection (unnumbered)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7965297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7965297/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Plate 4 G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="135D2A0F2C2D097AFF75F8B8FE9F731F" box="[255,293,1863,1895]" captionStart="PLATE 1" captionStartId="138.[151,234,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-24@138.[203,1385,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="138" captionText="PLATE 1. A. Danilia pterostomus (Bronn, 1861), height 5.0 mm, width 4.0 mm, Forno da Cré (figure taken from Bronn in Hartung, 1861, pl. 19, fig. 2). B1-B2. Emarginula octaviana Coen, 1939, DBUA-F 487-1, height 1.8 mm, diameter 3.0 mm, Ponta do Castelo. C. Bolma cf. rugosa (Linné, 1767), DBUA-F 471-3, diameter 4.1 mm, Ponta do Castelo. D1-D5. Turbo hartungi Bronn 1861, DBUA-F 1295-1, height 9.0 mm, width 8.0 mm, Malbusca (east cave). E1-E3. Nerita cf. funata Dujardin, 1837, DBUA-F 917-1, height 4.0 mm, width 6.0 mm, Ponta do Castelo. F1-F2. Thericium crenulosum (Bronn, 1862), height 10.0 mm, width 6.0 mm, Ponta do Norte lighthouse, LNEG collection (unnumbered). G1-G2. Thericium hartungi (Mayer, 1862), height 29.0 mm, width 13.0 mm, Pinheiros (figure taken from Bronn in Reiss, 1862, pl. 1, fig. 11). H1-H2. Thericium incultum (Mayer, 1862), DBUA-F 1034-2, height 23.0 mm, width 10.0 mm, Macela viewpoint. I1-I2. Thericium incultum (Mayer, 1862), DBUA-F 1027-1, height 29.0 mm, width 11.0 mm, Malbusca II. J1-J2, K1-K2. Bittium miradouroense nov. sp., Holotype DBUAF 1034-5, height 6.8 mm, width 1.9 mm (J); Paratype DBUA-F 1034-6(1), height 5.3 mm, width 1.9 mm (K), Macela viewpoint. L1-L2, M1-M2. Bittium nov. sp., DBUA-F 488-2, height 4.5 mm, width 1.8 mm (L), height 4.2 mm, width 1.7 mm (M), Ponta do Castelo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7965287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7965287/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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-G
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<figureCitation id="135D2A0F2C2D097AFEAFF8B8FE977319" box="[293,301,1881,1895]" captionStart="PLATE 3" captionStartId="142.[151,234,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-24@142.[203,1385,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="142" captionText="PLATE 3. A. A1-A2. Alvania mediolittoralis Gofas, 1989, DBUA-F 962-2, height 2.1 mm, width 1.2 mm, Ponta do Castelo. B. Alvania sleursi (Amati, 1987), DBUA-F 471-4, height 2.0 mm, width 1.1 mm, Ponta do Castelo. C1-C2. Alvania sleursi (Amati, 1987), DBUA-F 962-3, height 3.2 mm, width 1.8 mm, Ponta do Castelo. D1-D3. Rissoina pusilla (Brocchi, 1814), DBUA-F 488-1, height 5.2 mm, width 2.1 mm, Ponta do Castelo. E1-E3. Macromphalina depressa (Boettger, 1907), DBUA-F 1023-3, height height 1.0 mm, width 1.8 mm, Ponta do Castelo. F. Calyptraea chinensis (Linnaeus, 1758), DBUA-F 926-1, diameter 18.0 mm, Malbusca 2. G1-G2. Schilderia utriculata (Lamarck, 1810), height 24.0 mm, width 15.0 mm, unknown locality, LNEG collection (unnumbered). H1-H3. Erato mayeri nov. sp., Holotype DBUA-F 1189-C, height 7.7 mm, width 5.3 mm, Pedra-que-pica. I1-I3. Erato mayeri nov. sp., Paratype DBUA-F 1291-1, height 8.9 mm, width 6.0 mm, Ponta dos Frades. J1-J4. Pseudopusula parcicosta (Bronn, 1862), DBUA-F 469-1, height 9.0 mm, width 6.5 mm, Ponta do Castelo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7965293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7965293/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C2D097AFF1DF86AFCE973DD" blockId="63.[151,952,1931,2017]" box="[151,851,1931,1955]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7611A42C2D097AFF1DF86AFCE973DD" box="[151,851,1931,1955]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C2D097AFF1DF86AFF1B73DD" box="[151,161,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">*</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC7109B2C2D097AFF2BF86AFD0373DD" author="Dautzenberg, P. &amp; Fischer, H." box="[161,697,1931,1955]" page="433" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1896">
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C2D097AFF2BF86AFD0373DD" ID-CoL="6KFZD" authority="Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer 1896: 433" authorityName="Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer" authorityPageNumber="433" authorityYear="1896" box="[161,697,1931,1955]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cystiscidae" genus="Gibberula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vignali">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C2D097AFF2BF86AFEE273DD" box="[161,344,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Gibberula vignali</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C2D097AFED5F86AFD0373DD" author="Dautzenberg, P. &amp; Fischer, H." box="[351,697,1931,1955]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="395 - 498" refId="ref100132" refString="Dautzenberg, P. &amp; Fischer, H. (1896) Dragages effectue´s par l' Hirondelle et par la Princesse-Alice: 1. Mollusques gaste´ropodes. Me´moires de la Socie´te´Zoologique de France, 9, 395 - 498." type="journal article" year="1896">Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer 1896: 433</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 15, fig. 17.
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<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C2D097AFF1DF84BFCB873BC" blockId="63.[151,952,1931,2017]" box="[151,770,1962,1986]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7611A42C2D097AFF1DF84BFCB873BC" box="[151,770,1962,1986]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
? 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC7109B2C2D097AFF23F84BFD9373BC" author="Contreras, J. A." box="[169,553,1962,1986]" page="44" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" year="1992">
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C2D097AFF23F84BFD9373BC" ID-CoL="6KG9Z" authority="Contreras 1992: 44" authorityName="Contreras" authorityPageNumber="44" authorityYear="1992" box="[169,553,1962,1986]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cystiscidae" genus="Gibberula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lazaroi">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C2D097AFF23F84BFEE473BC" box="[169,350,1962,1986]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Gibberula lazaroi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C2D097AFEEEF84BFD9373BC" author="Contreras, J. A." box="[356,553,1962,1986]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="44 - 45" refId="ref98666" refString="Contreras, J. A. (1992) A new Gibberula from the Azores Islands / Una nuova Gibberula dalle Isole Azzorre (Gastropoda, Marginellidae). La Conchiglia, 262, 44 - 45." type="journal article" year="1992">Contreras 1992: 44</bibRefCitation>
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, 45, unnumbered fig.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C2D097AFF1DF829FC02739F" blockId="63.[151,952,1931,2017]" box="[151,952,1992,2017]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C2D097AFF1DF829FD31739E" ID-CoL="6KFZD" authority="(Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[151,651,1992,2017]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cystiscidae" genus="Gibberula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vignali">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C2D097AFF1DF829FEF6739E" box="[151,332,1992,2016]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Gibberula vignali</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C2D097AFED3F829FD39739E" author="Dautzenberg, P. &amp; Fischer, H." box="[345,643,1992,2017]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="395 - 498" refId="ref100132" refString="Dautzenberg, P. &amp; Fischer, H. (1896) Dragages effectue´s par l' Hirondelle et par la Princesse-Alice: 1. Mollusques gaste´ropodes. Me´moires de la Socie´te´Zoologique de France, 9, 395 - 498." type="journal article" year="1896">Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer, 1896</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C2D097AFD2FF829FCE2739E" author="Martins, A. M. F. de &amp; Borges, J. P. &amp; Aivila, S. P. &amp; Costa, A. C. &amp; Madeira, P. &amp; Morton, B." box="[677,856,1992,2017]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="15 - 103" refId="ref114478" refString="Martins, A. M. F. de, Borges, J. P., Aivila, S. P., Costa, A. C., Madeira, P. &amp; Morton, B. (2009) Illustrated checklist of the infralittoral molluscs off Vila Franca do Campo. Ac ¸ oreana, 6, 15 - 103." type="journal article" year="2009">Martins 2009: 64</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 198.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C520905FF1DFF5BFCF67487" blockId="64.[151,1437,186,1293]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C520905FF1DFF5BFDA074AA" bold="true" box="[151,538,186,212]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Santa Maria material examined.</emphasis>
Maximum height 2.8 mm, width 1.6 mm. DBUA-F 1044-1 (1), Pedra-que-pica, Santa Maria Island, 
<collectingRegion id="49A2F8682C520905FEFDFF3EFE737487" box="[375,457,223,249]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Azores</collectingRegion>
, Touril Complex, Lower Pliocene.
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37C65012C520905FF4DFEE3FE287643" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C520905FF4DFEE3FE287643" blockId="64.[151,1437,186,1293]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C520905FF4DFEE3FEE37563" bold="true" box="[199,345,258,285]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Description.</emphasis>
Shell small for genus, solid, cylindrical-ovate, with low spire. Protoconch covered by callus. Teleoconch of about two whorls, suture superficial. Last whorl more than 95% total height, convex, maximum diameter situated just above mid-height, not constricted at base. Surface smooth and glossy. Aperture narrow, elongate, weakly curved, slightly wider abapically. Outer lip moderately thickened, not extending adapically to level of suture, abapically extending just beyond tip of siphonal fasciole, smooth within; siphonal canal very short, open, shallowly notched. Columella weakly convex, bearing about six plications on the lowe half, the adapical two subobsolete, abapical four plications more strongly developed, strengthening abapically. Two abapical plications extend externally over columella. Parietal callus weakly developed, narrowly expanded over venter. Siphonal fasciole not delimited.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37C65012C520905FF4DFDA7FC6870BB" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C520905FF4DFDA7FDB077B7" blockId="64.[151,1437,186,1293]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C520905FF4DFDA7FEF6761E" bold="true" box="[199,332,582,608]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Discussion.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C520905FEDCFDA6FC2A761F" authority="(Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[342,912,583,609]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cystiscidae" genus="Gibberula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vignali">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C520905FEDCFDA6FD9A761F" box="[342,544,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Gibberula vignali</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C520905FDBBFDA6FC32761F" author="Dautzenberg, P. &amp; Fischer, H." box="[561,904,583,609]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="395 - 498" refId="ref100132" refString="Dautzenberg, P. &amp; Fischer, H. (1896) Dragages effectue´s par l' Hirondelle et par la Princesse-Alice: 1. Mollusques gaste´ropodes. Me´moires de la Socie´te´Zoologique de France, 9, 395 - 498." type="journal article" year="1896">Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer, 1896</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, is characterised by small sized shells for the genus, low spire, outer lip that slopes steeply downwards from the point of insertion, and is not alate adapically, the inner lip bearing small, weak denticles and columella seven folds, increasing in strength abapically. The last two folds do not extent over the venter as they do in some of its congeners. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C520905FC7BFD52FB0A76B3" author="Contreras, J. A." box="[1009,1200,691,717]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="44 - 45" refId="ref98666" refString="Contreras, J. A. (1992) A new Gibberula from the Azores Islands / Una nuova Gibberula dalle Isole Azzorre (Gastropoda, Marginellidae). La Conchiglia, 262, 44 - 45." type="journal article" year="1992">Contreras (1992)</bibRefCitation>
described 
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C520905FAA1FD52FA2676B3" authorityName="Contreras" authorityYear="1992" box="[1323,1436,691,717]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cystiscidae" genus="Gibberula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lazaroi">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C520905FAA1FD52FA2676B3" box="[1323,1436,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">G. lazaroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from present-day Pico and Terceira Islands, Azores. In his discussion he did not compare his new taxon to 
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C520905FA0BFD36FF5F776B" baseAuthorityName="Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Gastropoda" family="Cystiscidae" genus="Gibberula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vignali">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C520905FA0BFD36FF5F776B" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">G. vignali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Comparing the illustration of the 
<typeStatus id="54DD88282C520905FDE2FD1AFD70776B" box="[616,714,763,789]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C520905FD53FD1AFC09776B" author="Contreras, J. A." box="[729,947,762,789]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="44 - 45" refId="ref98666" refString="Contreras, J. A. (1992) A new Gibberula from the Azores Islands / Una nuova Gibberula dalle Isole Azzorre (Gastropoda, Marginellidae). La Conchiglia, 262, 44 - 45." type="journal article" year="1992">Contreras 1992: 45</bibRefCitation>
, unnumbered figure) with that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C520905FAA6FD1AFA26776B" baseAuthorityName="Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1324,1436,763,789]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cystiscidae" genus="Gibberula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vignali">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C520905FAA6FD1AFA26776B" box="[1324,1436,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">G. vignali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C520905FF15FCFEFE4A7747" author="Dautzenberg, P. &amp; Fischer, H." box="[159,496,799,825]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="395 - 498" refId="ref100132" refString="Dautzenberg, P. &amp; Fischer, H. (1896) Dragages effectue´s par l' Hirondelle et par la Princesse-Alice: 1. Mollusques gaste´ropodes. Me´moires de la Socie´te´Zoologique de France, 9, 395 - 498." type="journal article" year="1896">Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer 1896</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 15, fig. 17) we fail to see any significant differences between the two, which are both 2.0 mm in height. On the WoRMs database is a photograph of a specimen identified as 
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C520905FB61FCA2FAE77723" baseAuthorityName="Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1259,1373,835,861]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cystiscidae" genus="Gibberula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vignali">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C520905FB61FCA2FAE77723" box="[1259,1373,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">G. vignali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="F371761A2C520905FF1DFC86FEBA77FF" box="[151,256,871,897]" name="Morocco" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Morocco</collectingCountry>
. This specimen is squatter with a more alate outer lip and fewer columellar folds than the 
<typeStatus id="54DD88282C520905FA89FC86FAD277FF" box="[1283,1384,871,897]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, and we are unsure if it represents the same species. We have not seen the 
<typeStatus id="54DD88282C520905FC22FC6AFBAF77DB" box="[936,1045,907,933]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
of these two species and therefore refrain from synonymising them.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C520905FF4DFC32FB367003" blockId="64.[151,1437,186,1293]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
Several small, eastern Atlantic 
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C520905FDAFFC32FD4A7793" box="[549,752,979,1005]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C520905FDAFFC32FD227793" box="[549,664,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Gibberula</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
need to be compared. 
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C520905FC7AFC32FB027793" authorityName="Contreras" authorityYear="1992" box="[1008,1208,979,1005]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cystiscidae" genus="Gibberula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lazaroi">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C520905FC7AFC32FB027793" box="[1008,1208,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Gibberula lazaroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closely similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C520905FF1DFC16FC95706F" authority="Van Aartsen, Menkhorst &amp; Gittenberger, 1984" authorityName="Van Aartsen, Menkhorst &amp; Gittenberger" authorityYear="1984" box="[151,815,1015,1041]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cystiscidae" genus="Gibberula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jansseni">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C520905FF1DFC16FEAD706E" box="[151,279,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">G. jansseni</emphasis>
Van 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C520905FED8FC16FC95706F" author="Aartsen, J. J. van &amp; Menkhorst, H. P. M. G. &amp; Gittenberger, E." box="[338,815,1015,1041]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 135" refId="ref88366" refString="Aartsen, J. J. van, Menkhorst, H. P. M. G. &amp; Gittenberger, E. (1984) The marine mollusca of the Bay of Algeciras, Spain, with general notes on Mitrella, Marginellidae and Turridae. Basteria, Supplement 2, 1 - 135." type="journal article" year="1984">Aartsen, Menkhorst &amp; Gittenberger, 1984</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, from the Bay of Algeciras, 
<collectingCountry id="F371761A2C520905FBF9FC16FB0C706F" box="[1139,1206,1015,1041]" name="Spain" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Spain</collectingCountry>
, but differs in being slightly more globose and having more numerous columellar folds, which are coarser. 
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C520905FBECFBFAFE197027" authority="Contreras &amp; Talavera, 1988" authorityName="Contreras &amp; Talavera" authorityYear="1988" class="Gastropoda" family="Cystiscidae" genus="Gibberula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hernandezi">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C520905FBECFBFAFAE6704B" box="[1126,1372,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Gibberula hernandezi</emphasis>
Contreras &amp; Talavera, 1988
</taxonomicName>
, from the Madeira, Selvagens and the 
<collectingRegion id="49A2F8682C520905FCDCFBDEFBBA7027" box="[854,1024,1087,1113]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Canary Islands</collectingRegion>
, is immediately separated by a taller spire with two sutures visible and the anterior columellar folds that extend over the venter.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C520905FF4DFB66FC6870BB" blockId="64.[151,1437,186,1293]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C520905FF4DFB66FE3570DF" baseAuthorityName="Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[199,399,1159,1185]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cystiscidae" genus="Gibberula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vignali">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C520905FF4DFB66FE3570DF" box="[199,399,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Gibberula vignali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, together with 
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C520905FDBCFB66FC7070DF" authority="Gofas, 1989" authorityName="Gofas" authorityYear="1989" box="[566,970,1159,1185]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mediolittoralis">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C520905FDBCFB66FC8270DF" box="[566,824,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Alvania mediolittoralis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C520905FCB4FB66FC7070DF" author="Gofas, S." box="[830,970,1159,1185]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="159 - 182" refId="ref105227" refString="Gofas, S. (1989) Le genre Volvarina (Marginellidae) dans la Mediterranee et l'Atlantique du Nord-Est. Bollettino Malacologico, 25, 159 - 182." type="journal article" year="1989">Gofas, 1989</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C520905FB89FB66FAAA70DF" authority="(Amati, 1987)" baseAuthorityName="Amati" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[1027,1296,1159,1185]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sleursi">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C520905FB89FB66FBD670DF" box="[1027,1132,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">A. sleursi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C520905FBF0FB66FAB270DF" author="Amati, B." box="[1146,1288,1159,1185]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="25 - 30" refId="ref89003" refString="Amati, B. (1987) Manzonia (Alvinia) sleursi sp. n. (Gastropoda; Prosobranchia). Notiziario del C. I. S. MA., 9 (10), 25 - 30." type="journal article" year="1987">Amati, 1987</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
form part of the endemic Azorean fauna that was already present in the early Pliocene.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37C65012C520905FF4DFB2FFC1A7173" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C520905FF4DFB2FFC1A7173" blockId="64.[151,1437,186,1293]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C520905FF4DFB2FFEDB7096" bold="true" box="[199,353,1230,1256]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Distribution.</emphasis>
Lower Pliocene: Atlantic, Santa Maria Island, 
<collectingRegion id="49A2F8682C520905FCE5FB2EFC047097" box="[879,958,1231,1257]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Azores</collectingRegion>
(this paper). Present-day: Atlantic, 
<collectingRegion id="49A2F8682C520905FAC7FB2EFA267097" box="[1357,1436,1231,1257]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Azores</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C520905FF15FB12FE5D7173" author="Dautzenberg, P. &amp; Fischer, H." box="[159,487,1267,1293]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="395 - 498" refId="ref100132" refString="Dautzenberg, P. &amp; Fischer, H. (1896) Dragages effectue´s par l' Hirondelle et par la Princesse-Alice: 1. Mollusques gaste´ropodes. Me´moires de la Socie´te´Zoologique de France, 9, 395 - 498." type="journal article" year="1896">Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer 1896</bibRefCitation>
;? 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C520905FE77FB12FD147173" author="Contreras, J. A." box="[509,686,1267,1293]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="44 - 45" refId="ref98666" refString="Contreras, J. A. (1992) A new Gibberula from the Azores Islands / Una nuova Gibberula dalle Isole Azzorre (Gastropoda, Marginellidae). La Conchiglia, 262, 44 - 45." type="journal article" year="1992">Contreras 1992</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C520905FD30FB12FC2E7173" author="Martins, A. M. F. de &amp; Borges, J. P. &amp; Aivila, S. P. &amp; Costa, A. C. &amp; Madeira, P. &amp; Morton, B." box="[698,916,1267,1293]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="15 - 103" refId="ref114478" refString="Martins, A. M. F. de, Borges, J. P., Aivila, S. P., Costa, A. C., Madeira, P. &amp; Morton, B. (2009) Illustrated checklist of the infralittoral molluscs off Vila Franca do Campo. Ac ¸ oreana, 6, 15 - 103." type="journal article" year="2009">
Martins 
<emphasis id="B912EA982C520905FC92FB12FCF37173" box="[792,841,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>