383 lines
36 KiB
XML
383 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="95CCBA371D281C08B3AD1AEAD8FE1149" ID-CLB-Dataset="299670" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.11512126" ID-GBIF-Dataset="522b8de7-880d-40ca-803e-aa5a3a05c5f6" ID-ISSN="0068-547X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11512126" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1717719049762" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Iwamoto, Tomio, Nakayama, Naohide, Shao, Kwang-Tsao & Table, Hsuan-Ching Ho" docDate="2015" docId="039F87BDFFD71151AA2DE6F0FB1EFD8A" docLanguage="en" docName="ProcCalifAcadSci.62.3.31-126.pdf" docOrigin="Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 62 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E411DA009AF5E7F9A7E023431E2B7D5B.2:ProcCalifAcadSci.2015-.journal_article" docStyleId="E411DA009AF5E7F9A7E023431E2B7D5B" docStyleName="ProcCalifAcadSci.2015-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Macrouridae Gilbert & Hubbs 1916" docType="key" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="46" masterDocId="FFA6FFC5FFDA115EAB1FE201FF8EFFEA" masterDocTitle="Synopsis of the Grenadier Fishes (Gadiformes; Teleostei) of Taiwan" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="44" updateTime="1720664413385" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods id="00D27A117796086F0252F03FAAA74BA1" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="283F0909BD4115C628C1FBDF1663DEF0">
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<mods:title id="482D8B9D5C8B13D007ACD1001034E0B2">Synopsis of the Grenadier Fishes (Gadiformes; Teleostei) of Taiwan</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="CFE5D9755561AF228EF8DC3273109AC3" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="F1DA438294C000863E6E1BEB567D516E">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CE49DEBE097E11A087DF7D7DD641DC1E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4D4E104083C9FD155B175676CA3CB6E2">Iwamoto, Tomio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BE961FCB74013270F97BBE8EE3A2F94D">Section of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA;</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="3DFB661CC8E250886C3322A14433ED71" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="ADAE44958013FB389D214557EB2AD7F9">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CFBC740FF79C0B8B2022068442F9E0A8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="AA1B60E2B1DD7BC72F58B656B21AF0B5">Nakayama, Naohide</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E9853A8208F57AEE3A656DDE5077CACA">Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Science, Kochi University, 2 - 5 - 1 Akebono-cho, Kochi, 780 - 8073, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="68CA153541C025A3ADE3E28CCA3E96B4" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="DBA51F12AF7C528450C794ED6C55D4A3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C5184641CC651785CEA719B052D7E4D0">Shao, Kwang-Tsao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D6F9B17AB24C96AF2B78E85E0AB96FA1">Research Center for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan;</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="1157FC9E9FE6F90DB768602CAD8C3537" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="84423764563BB6576BB6D7638F8D760F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="94711C49FCEAA40526A1B52586FE5A71">Table, Hsuan-Ching Ho</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9885D69619F8F52307EBE34D4588D91B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="871E676515A8C94B080A9A3FCA9EC57A">Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="A438734F582B6843FD12AB7AC61A12D2">
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<mods:date id="61F0F888169D640CD19DE953A5844521">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D879F139B7D437440DC4E5044D66B4F6">2015-04-15</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="8EFDA739DBF75EB483668C7BDB4BE0B0" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="2EC9A14F5237ABCD809EAC5E3C963CA8">62</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E465F3B4E16B9BF70DBA48B8FB65AB47">3</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="382DB64AB97ABDE22AEA0553BD938E8C">31</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="47D72F8DD5C64E07E9D2ADDCA1E0578B">126</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier id="FC640A9F9E3C9321CCD1BE2CE1727095" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.11512126</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E5E7A6C67B70B1E3F231A8FB255833DA" type="Zenodo-Dep">11512126</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039F87BDFFD71151AA2DE6F0FB1EFD8A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12715550" ID-GBIF-Taxon="235036099" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12715550" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87BDFFD71151AA2DE6F0FB1EFD8A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039F87BDFFD71151AA2DE6F0FB1EFD8A" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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<subSubSection id="C32C6520FFD71153AA2DE6F0FC53FAE2" box="[306,989,1264,1289]" pageId="13" pageNumber="44" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD71153AA2DE6F0FC53FAE2" blockId="13.[306,989,1264,1318]" box="[306,989,1264,1289]" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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<heading id="D0C181C7FFD71153AA2DE6F0FC53FAE2" bold="true" box="[306,989,1264,1289]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="44" reason="5">
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<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD71153AA2DE6F0FC53FAE2" bold="true" box="[306,989,1264,1289]" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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Key to Genera and Some Species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD71153A9CEE6F1FCE8FAE2" ID-CoL="CBQ" authority="Gunther & Hubbs, 1916" authorityName="Gilbert & Hubbs" authorityYear="1916" box="[721,870,1264,1288]" family="Macrouridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Macrouridae</taxonomicName>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="F321763BFFD71153A895E6F1FC53FAE2" box="[906,989,1264,1288]" name="Taiwan" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32C6520FFD71153AA6AE711FC12FACC" box="[373,924,1296,1318]" pageId="13" pageNumber="44" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD71153AA6AE711FC12FACC" blockId="13.[306,989,1264,1318]" box="[373,924,1296,1318]" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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(number of species in
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<collectingCountry id="F321763BFFD71153A953E711FD1CFACC" box="[588,658,1296,1318]" name="Taiwan" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
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in parentheses after genus)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32C6520FFD71151AB64E73BFB1EFD8A" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="13" pageNumber="44" type="key">
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<key id="FFA7619AFFD71151AB64E73BFB1EFD8A" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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<keyStep id="30C22E0EFFD71153AB64E73BFB00FA98" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD71153AB64E73BFB00FAB8" blockId="13.[123,1174,1337,1726]" box="[123,1166,1337,1362]" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD71153AB64E73BFB00FAB8" box="[123,1166,1337,1362]" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">1a. Six branchiostegal rays....................................................... 2</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD71153AB64E758FB00FA98" blockId="13.[123,1174,1337,1726]" box="[123,1166,1369,1394]" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD71153AB64E758FB00FA98" box="[123,1166,1369,1394]" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">1b. Seven branchiostegal rays..................................................... 4</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30C22E0EFFD71153AB64E781FB00FA12" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD71153AB64E781FB1CFA52" blockId="13.[123,1174,1337,1726]" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD71153AB64E781FB1CFA52" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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2a. Spinous 1D ray smooth; a stout continuous suborbital ridge terminating posteriorly in a sharp point;
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<collectionCode id="ED27AE6EFFD71153ABEFE7A1FE8DFA5D" box="[240,259,1440,1463]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="44" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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7................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD71153A884E79EFBA5FA5D" ID-CoL="3RX4" authorityName="Giorna" authorityYear="1810" box="[923,1067,1439,1463]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Coelorinchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD71153A884E79EFBA5FA5D" box="[923,1067,1439,1463]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">Coelorinchus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(23 spp.)
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD71153AB64E7BEFB00FA12" blockId="13.[123,1174,1337,1726]" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD71153AB64E7BEFB00FA12" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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2b. Spinous 1D ray serrated (sometimes weakly) along leading edge; suborbital ridge not continuous and not ending in a sharp point;
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<collectionCode id="ED27AE6EFFD71153A92BE7E1FDC9FA1D" box="[564,583,1504,1527]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="44" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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7–14...................................... 3
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30C22E0EFFD71153AB64E401FB1CF992" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD71153AB64E401FB1FF9DD" blockId="13.[123,1174,1337,1726]" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD71153AB64E401FB1FF9DD" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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3a. Gill-rakers absent on lateral side of first gill arch;
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<collectionCode id="ED27AE6EFFD71153A9CFE401FD6AF9FD" box="[720,740,1536,1559]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="44" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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7 or 8; anus in middle third of distance between
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<collectionCode id="ED27AE6EFFD71153AA15E421FE93F9DD" box="[266,285,1568,1591]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="44" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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and A......................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD71153A877E41EFB1FF9DD" ID-CoL="736VC" authorityName="hyostomus (Smith and Radcliffe" authorityYear="1912" box="[872,1169,1567,1591]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Mataeocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hyostomus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD71153A877E41EFB1FF9DD" box="[872,1169,1567,1591]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">Mataeocephalus hyostomus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD71153AB64E43EFB1CF992" blockId="13.[123,1174,1337,1726]" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD71153AB64E43EFB1CF992" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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3b. Gill-rakers present on lateral side of first gill arch;
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<collectionCode id="ED27AE6EFFD71153A9D5E441FD53F9BD" box="[714,733,1600,1623]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="44" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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7–14; anus usually immediately anterior to A...................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD71153A895E45EFBB7F99D" ID-CoL="62NXJ" authorityName="Gunnerus" authorityYear="1874" box="[906,1081,1631,1655]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Coryphaenoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD71153A895E45EFBB7F99D" box="[906,1081,1631,1655]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">Coryphaenoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(4 spp.)
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30C22E0EFFD71150AB64E484FB00FED9" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD71150AB64E484FB00FF19" blockId="13.[123,1174,1337,1726]" lastBlockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">
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<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD71150AB64E484FB00FF19" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="13" pageNumber="44">4a. Abdomen and isthmus with patches of fine black striations with silvery underlayment (especially when fresh); small lens-like light organ on chest connected by black medioventral line to a second lens immediately before anus........................................... 5</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E2FAFB00FED9" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
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<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E2FAFB00FED9" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">4b. Abdomen and isthmus lacking areas of fine black striations; light organ, if present, not as above .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. 7</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30C22E0EFFD41150AB64E340FB00FE33" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
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<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E340FB1FFE73" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
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||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E340FB1FFE73" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
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5a. Nasal bones forming three flat platelike horizontal processes; gular membrane with net- or mesh-like pattern; prolonged distal portion of outer pelvic fin ray with narrow membranous flange................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD41150A86AE383FB1FFE73" ID-CoL="4Z2ZQ" baseAuthorityName="Kamohara" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[885,1169,385,409]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Spicomacrurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuronumai">
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<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD41150A86AE383FB1FFE73" box="[885,1169,385,409]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Spicomacrurus kuronumai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E3A0FB00FE33" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
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<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E3A0FB00FE33" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">5b. Nasal bones not forming horizontal platelike processes; gular membrane with thin black transverse lines at right angle to median line; outer pelvic fin ray tapers evenly to distal tip.... 6</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30C22E0EFFD41150AB64E3E6FB1CFD8A" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
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<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E3E6FB1EFDF5" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
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<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E3E6FB1EFDF5" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
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6a. First dorsal fin with weakly denticulate spinous ray; gill rakers on inner side of first arch with 12–16 rakers on lower limb;
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<collectionCode id="ED27AE6EFFD41150AAFDE009FE7BFDF5" box="[482,501,520,543]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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7–9, usually 8....................
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD41150A880E006FB1EFDF5" ID-CoL="3NJRM" authorityName="Gilbert and Hubbs" authorityYear="1920" box="[927,1168,519,543]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Hymenogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
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<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD41150A880E006FB1EFDF5" box="[927,1168,519,543]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Hymenogadus gracilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E026FB1CFD8A" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
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<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E026FB1CFD8A" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
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6b. First dorsal fin spinous ray entirely smooth along leading edge; gill rakers on inner side of first arch with 15–22 rakers on lower limb;
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<collectionCode id="ED27AE6EFFD41150A951E049FDEFFDB5" box="[590,609,584,607]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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7–12.................
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD41150A89EE049FBB7FD8A" ID-CoL="526Y" authorityName="Giglioli" authorityYear="1882" box="[897,1081,584,608]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Hymenocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD41150A89EE049FBB7FD8A" box="[897,1081,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Hymenocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(4 spp.)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30C22E0EFFD41150AB64E06FFB01FCEC" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E06FFB00FD4C" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E06FFB00FD4C" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
7a. Anus and urogenital pore within broad black naked area, the periproct, the posterior border of which abuts origin of A and spans most of space between
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED27AE6EFFD41150A805E08FFCA3FD4F" box="[794,813,654,677]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
and A.................... 8
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E0AFFB01FCEC" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E0AFFB01FCEC" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
7b. Periproct smaller, not occupying most of space between
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED27AE6EFFD41150A813E0AFFC91FD2F" box="[780,799,686,709]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
and A; anus (and urogenital pore) either abuts A origin, or separated from A by several scales rows, sometimes closer to insertion of
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED27AE6EFFD41150ABE6E0EFFE82FCEF" box="[249,268,750,773]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
than to origin of A................................................. 10
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30C22E0EFFD41150AB64E115FB00FCA6" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E115FB1CFCC6" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" box="[123,1170,788,812]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E115FB1CFCC6" box="[123,1170,788,812]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
8a. Origin of
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED27AE6EFFD41150AA13E115FE91FCC1" box="[268,287,788,811]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
behind P origin; 2nd spinous ray of 1D smooth..........
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD41150A8AFE115FBB6FCC6" ID-CoL="63VYK" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1887" box="[944,1080,788,812]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Trachonurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD41150A8AFE115FBB6FCC6" box="[944,1080,788,812]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Trachonurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(2 spp.)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E135FB00FCA6" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" box="[123,1166,820,844]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E135FB00FCA6" box="[123,1166,820,844]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
8b. Origin of
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED27AE6EFFD41150AA12E135FEAEFCA1" box="[269,288,820,843]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
below or anterior to P origin; spinous 1D ray serrated along leading edge..... 9
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30C22E0EFFD41150AB64E15BFB1CFC38" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E15BFB1EFC78" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E15BFB1EFC78" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
9a. Head greatly inflated, broad and deep; snout fully scaled; a series of enlarged scales along anterior section of 2D...........................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD41150A8ABE17BFB1EFC78" ID-CoL="T6Z3" authorityName="Vaillant" authorityYear="1884" box="[948,1168,890,914]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Cetonurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="globiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD41150A8ABE17BFB1EFC78" box="[948,1168,890,914]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Cetonurus globiceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E19BFB1CFC38" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E19BFB1CFC38" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
9b. Head not inflated, moderately compressed; underside of snout naked; no series of enlarged scales along 2D.........................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD41150A89BE1BBFBB7FC38" ID-CoL="7KN4" authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1925" box="[900,1081,954,978]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Sphagemacrurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD41150A89BE1BBFBB7FC38" box="[900,1081,954,978]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Sphagemacrurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(2 spp.)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30C22E0EFFD41150AB64E1E1FB01FBF2" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E1E1FB1EFC12" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" box="[123,1168,992,1017]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E1E1FB1EFC12" box="[123,1168,992,1017]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
10a. Olfactory organ massive, its diameter almost equal to that of orbit....
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD41150A8AFE1E0FB1EFC12" ID-CoL="6QRT5" authorityName="Merrett, Sazonov and Shcherbachev" authorityYear="1983" box="[944,1168,992,1016]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Macrosmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phalacra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD41150A8AFE1E0FB1EFC12" box="[944,1168,992,1016]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Macrosmia phalacra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E601FB01FBF2" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" box="[123,1167,1024,1049]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E601FB01FBF2" box="[123,1167,1024,1049]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">10b. Olfactory organ small to moderate, much less than orbit diameter................... 11</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30C22E0EFFD41150AB64E627FB01FBB5" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E627FB1CFBD4" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" box="[123,1170,1062,1086]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E627FB1CFBD4" box="[123,1170,1062,1086]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
11a. Most of dorsal surface and entire ventral surface of snout naked..........
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD41150A8F4E627FBB6FBD4" ID-CoL="59C9" authorityName="Marshall" authorityYear="1973" box="[1003,1080,1062,1086]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Kumba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD41150A8F4E627FBB6FBD4" box="[1003,1080,1062,1086]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Kumba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(3 spp.)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E646FB01FBB5" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" box="[123,1167,1094,1119]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E646FB01FBB5" box="[123,1167,1094,1119]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">11b. Dorsal surface of snout fully scaled; ventral surface of snout variously naked.......... 12</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30C22E0EFFD41150AB64E66CFB01FB0F" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E66CFB1EFB4E" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E66CFB1EFB4E" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
12a. Low jaws bearing enlarged, widely space, fang-like teeth in 1 or 2 rows; spinous 1D ray smooth.............................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD41150A846E68DFB1EFB4E" ID-CoL="3XKFT" authorityName="Gilbert and Hubbs" authorityYear="1916" box="[857,1168,1164,1188]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Malacocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nipponensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD41150A846E68DFB1EFB4E" box="[857,1168,1164,1188]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Malacocephalus nipponensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E6ACFB01FB0F" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E6ACFB01FB0F" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">12b. Lower jaw teeth normal in size, closely spaced, none fang-like, in 2 or more rows to broad band; spinous 1D ray smooth or serrated along leading edge........................ 13</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30C22E0EFFD41150AB64E6F2FB01FA81" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E6F2FB1FFAC1" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E6F2FB1FFAC1" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
13a.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED27AE6EFFD41150ABB0E6F2FF4CFAE0" box="[175,194,1267,1290]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
with 6 rays, placed anterior to P base; anus closer to A origin than to
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED27AE6EFFD41150A8AFE6F2FC4DFAE0" box="[944,963,1267,1290]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
insertion...............................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD41150A886E712FB1FFAC1" ID-CoL="4P546" baseAuthorityName="Sazonov, and Shcherbachev" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[921,1169,1299,1323]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Pseudonezumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pusilla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD41150A886E712FB1FFAC1" box="[921,1169,1299,1323]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Pseudonezumia pusilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E732FB01FA81" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E732FB01FA81" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
13b.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED27AE6EFFD41150ABAEE732FF4AFAA0" box="[177,196,1331,1354]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
with 7 or more rays, position variable from below 1D to under preopercle; anus removed from A origin, usually closer to
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED27AE6EFFD41150A91DE752FD9BFA80" box="[514,533,1363,1386]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
insertion..................................... 14
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30C22E0EFFD41150AB64E778FB01FA1B" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E778FB1CFA5B" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E778FB1CFA5B" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
14a. Head broadly inflated, interorbital space about 40% of HL; orbit diameter less than 25% HL; suborbital deep, about 20% HL..........................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD41150A87FE798FB1CFA5B" ID-CoL="4NSZF" authorityName="Sazonov and Shcherbachev" authorityYear="1982" box="[864,1170,1433,1457]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Pseudocetonurus" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD41150A87FE798FB96FA5B" box="[864,1048,1433,1457]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Pseudocetonurus</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD41150AF5DE798FB1CFA5B" box="[1090,1170,1433,1457]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">septifer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E7B8FB01FA1B" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E7B8FB01FA1B" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">14b. Head not especially inflated, interorbital space less than 35% HL; orbit diameter usually more than 25% HL, suborbital less than 20% HL..................................... 15</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30C22E0EFFD41150AB64E7FEFB01F99D" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E7FEFB01F9DD" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E7FEFB01F9DD" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">15a. Terminal and lateral snout scutes present, the terminal scute paired; suborbital ridge marked by two rows of coarsely modified scales........................................ 16</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E43EFB01F99D" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E43EFB01F99D" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">15b. Terminal and lateral snout scutes generally not well developed, the terminal scute single, if present, not large; no coarsely modified scales along suborbital ridge................. 17</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30C22E0EFFD41151AB64E484FB1CFEF9" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD41150AB64E484FB1CF954" blockId="14.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD41150AB64E484FB1CF954" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
|
||
16a. Outer series of rakers on GR-I usually absent (sometimes with a few rudimentary spicules);
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED27AE6EFFD41150ABB4E4A7FF30F957" box="[171,190,1702,1725]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
7 or 8................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD41150A897E4A4FBB6F957" ID-CoL="5LY6" authorityName="Berg" authorityYear="1898" box="[904,1080,1701,1725]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Mataeocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD41150A897E4A4FBB6F957" box="[904,1080,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Mataeocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(2 spp.)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD51151AB64E2DAFB1CFEF9" blockId="15.[123,1174,219,608]" pageId="15" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD51151AB64E2DAFB1CFEF9" pageId="15" pageNumber="46">
|
||
16b. Outer series of rakers on GR-I always present, although sometimes rudimentary;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED27AE6EFFD51151AF05E2DAFBA3FF18" box="[1050,1069,219,242]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="15" pageNumber="46" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
7 to 17..............................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD51151A8C4E2FDFBB6FEF9" ID-CoL="63VH" authorityName="Jordan" authorityYear="1904" box="[987,1080,252,275]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Nezumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD51151A8C4E2FDFBB6FEF9" box="[987,1080,252,275]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="46">Nezumia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(5 spp.)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30C22E0EFFD51151AB64E320FB01FE30" pageId="15" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD51151AB64E320FB1CFE90" blockId="15.[123,1174,219,608]" pageId="15" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD51151AB64E320FB1CFE90" pageId="15" pageNumber="46">
|
||
17a. Upper jaw extending to below posterior one-third or more of orbit; premaxillary tooth band extends posteriorly beyond maxillary process; inner series of gill rakers on GR-I 14–20 total; no scales on gular or branchiostegal membranes....................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD51151A8DDE363FBB7FE90" ID-CoL="647LR" authorityName="Gilbert and Hubbs" authorityYear="1920" box="[962,1081,354,378]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Ventrifossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD51151A8DDE363FBB7FE90" box="[962,1081,354,378]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="46">Ventrifossa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(9 spp.)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD51151AB64E383FB01FE30" blockId="15.[123,1174,219,608]" pageId="15" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD51151AB64E383FB01FE30" pageId="15" pageNumber="46">17b. Upper jaw extending posteriorly to below anterior half of orbit; premaxillary teeth band does not extend beyond maxillary process; gill rakers on inner series of first arch usually less than 14 total; some species with scales on gular or branchiostegal membranes.............. 18</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30C22E0EFFD51151AB64E3E9FB1EFD8A" pageId="15" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD51151AB64E3E9FB1EFDCA" blockId="15.[123,1174,219,608]" pageId="15" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD51151AB64E3E9FB1EFDCA" pageId="15" pageNumber="46">
|
||
18a. Color brown to blackish, no silvery pigmentation; fins uniformly blackish; teeth in broad bands.......................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD51151A8D7E008FB1EFDCA" ID-CoL="3RG6K" baseAuthorityName="Gilbert and Hubbs" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[968,1168,520,544]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Kuronezumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dara">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD51151A8D7E008FB1EFDCA" box="[968,1168,520,544]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="46">Kuronezumia dara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936ABFFD51151AB64E029FB1EFD8A" blockId="15.[123,1174,219,608]" pageId="15" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<keyLead id="30C7959EFFD51151AB64E029FB1EFD8A" pageId="15" pageNumber="46">
|
||
18b. Color pale to greyish; silvery pigmentation ventrally in fresh specimens; fins often with black blotches or streaks; teeth in relatively narrow bands...........
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D28FFD51151A876E049FB1EFD8A" ID-CoL="3WBQ3" baseAuthorityName="Smith and Radcliffe" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[873,1168,584,608]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Lucigadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigromarginatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAB9FFD51151A876E049FB1EFD8A" box="[873,1168,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="46">Lucigadus nigromarginatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |