293 lines
31 KiB
XML
293 lines
31 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="B73BA781140641BAACA9705DE647E790">The species of Eilema Hübner, [1819] sensu lato present in Europe and North Africa (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F16107C443E43C28587960283B01FA68">Macià, Ramon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5D4A317230F668B555A7C3941C78D0D0">Corresponding author</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="39F4E6F1602F9E6BA9E74293474E2E4D" type="email">rmaciavila@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F4D4BC84B72FEEED90CCC416FE924498">Ylla, Josep</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8205F7491C5A6D885A6C888309C3FDD3">Gastón, Javier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="161F825A517A958C05DD1F5FC94AFC86">Huertas, Manuel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A875B47F6AB2B9124693EDD72145230B" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6758-1984</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="84A578486A43BA277FEF9A357F6899A6">Apartado de Correos 47, 21080 Huelva, Spain. huertasdionisio @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6758 - 1984</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="677A1FBDC7879BB5829FC07DC4C79754" type="email">huertasdionisio@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="FAA80936204810FD1A30C4FC817F7B87">Bau, Josep</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="10563782BD4F911C8307F1915391BA2C">Biosciences Department, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, 08500, Vic, Spain. josep. bau @ uvic. cat; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9231 - 2356</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6414FFA31DD21797A115742B2B62B2DC" type="email">josep.bau@uvic.cat</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="20668500E87B0EE431DF686E25F04F00">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B298922ED7E548C4BDE8CBC8E62A3871">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="039487ACFFFBBA52FF11E428527CF84A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7144179" ID-GBIF-Taxon="202132996" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7144179" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039487ACFFFBBA52FF11E428527CF84A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039487ACFFFBBA52FF11E428527CF84A" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<heading id="D0CA81D6FFFBBA52FF11E428520BFCDC" bold="true" box="[151,890,798,825]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FF11E428520BFCDC" bold="true" box="[151,890,798,825]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFFBBA52FF11E428539DFCDD" authority="(Doubleday, 1847)" authorityName="Macià & Ylla & Gastón & Huertas & Bau" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Doubleday" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[151,748,798,825]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Indalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pygmaeola" status="comb. nov." subSpecies="pygmaeola">
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<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FF11E4285373FCDC" bold="true" box="[151,514,798,825]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Indalia pygmaeola pygmaeola</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B4BFFFBBA52FD92E4295395FCDD" author="Doubleday, H." box="[532,740,798,825]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1914 - 1915" refId="ref58056" refString="Doubleday, H. (1847) Description of new British Lepidoptera. Zoologist, 5, 1914 - 1915." type="journal article" year="1847">Doubleday, 1847</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<subSubSection id="C3276531FFFBBA52FF11E45552CBFC9E" box="[151,954,867,891]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFFBBA52FF11E45552CBFC9E" blockId="32.[151,954,867,922]" box="[151,954,867,891]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Original combination:
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<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FEF8E4555337FC9E" box="[382,582,867,891]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Lithosia pygmaeola</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B4BFFFBBA52FDCBE455538BFC9E" author="Doubleday, H." box="[589,762,867,891]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1914 - 1915" refId="ref58056" refString="Doubleday, H. (1847) Description of new British Lepidoptera. Zoologist, 5, 1914 - 1915." type="journal article" year="1847">Doubleday, 1847</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FC86E4555211FC9E" box="[768,864,867,891]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Zoologist</emphasis>
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5: 1914.
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<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFFBBA52FF11E4B45081FC7F" blockId="32.[151,954,867,922]" box="[151,496,898,922]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<materialsCitation id="3B553CE7FFFBBA52FF11E4B4509DFC7F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3920698656" box="[151,492,898,922]" collectionCode="T" country="United Kingdom" location="East" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kent">
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L.
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.:
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coast of
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<collectingRegion id="49F9F858FFFBBA52FED0E4B450FBFC7C" box="[342,394,898,921]" country="United Kingdom" name="Kent" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Kent</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFFBBA52FE12E4B4509DFC7F" box="[404,492,898,922]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">England</collectingCountry>
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.
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<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFFBBA52FF11E4FE55BBFC07" blockId="32.[151,1437,968,1967]" box="[151,1226,968,995]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FF11E4FE50F0FC07" bold="true" box="[151,385,968,994]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Material examined.</emphasis>
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:
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y
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,
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<location id="8EE26061FFFBBA52FD12E4FE521DFC07" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039487ACFFFBBA52FF11E428527CF84A:8EE26061FFFBBA52FD12E4FE521DFC07" box="[660,876,968,995]" country="Belgium" municipality="Flyes" name="Bredene Le Litoral" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Bredene Le Litoral</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE6ACC0FFFBBA52FCF1E4FE52C5FC07" box="[887,948,968,994]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Flyes</collectingMunicipality>
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<collectingDate id="EFC7E992FFFBBA52FC3DE4FE5544FC07" box="[955,1077,968,994]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1987-06-30">30.vi.1987</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="26C8536CFFFBBA52FBC6E4FF55EBFC07" box="[1088,1178,968,995]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">F. Bolly</collectorName>
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leg.
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<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFFBBA52FF11E4DA5065FBCF" blockId="32.[151,1437,968,1967]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<materialsCitation id="3B553CE7FFFBBA52FF11E4DA52A6FBE3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3920698585" box="[151,983,1004,1031]" collectingDate="2005-07-11" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Macia" country="United Kingdom" location="East" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Kent">
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<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFFBBA52FF11E4DA5052FBE3" box="[151,291,1004,1030]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">ENGLAND</collectingCountry>
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:
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<specimenCount id="9D3BFD33FFFBBA52FEA8E4DA502AFBE2" box="[302,347,1004,1031]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<location id="8EE26061FFFBBA52FEEEE4DB50E9FBE2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039487ACFFFBBA52FF11E428527CF84A:8EE26061FFFBBA52FEEEE4DB50E9FBE2" box="[360,408,1005,1031]" country="United Kingdom" name="East" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" stateProvince="Kent">East</location>
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coast of
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<collectingRegion id="49F9F858FFFBBA52FD87E4DB534BFBE2" box="[513,570,1005,1031]" country="United Kingdom" name="Kent" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Kent</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49F9F858FFFBBA52FDC0E4DA53D3FBE3" box="[582,674,1004,1030]" country="United Kingdom" name="Norfolk" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Norfolk</collectingRegion>
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,
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<date id="FF83107AFFFBBA52FD28E4DA525EFBE2" box="[686,815,1004,1031]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2005-07-11">
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<collectingDate id="EFC7E992FFFBBA52FD28E4DA525EFBE2" box="[686,815,1004,1031]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2005-07-11">11.vii.2005</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED2CAE7FFFFBBA52FCBDE4DB5220FBE2" box="[827,849,1005,1031]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">R</collectionCode>
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.
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<collectorName id="26C8536CFFFBBA52FCDBE4DA52D2FBE3" box="[861,931,1004,1030]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Macià</collectorName>
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col.
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="3B553CE7FFFBBA52FC62E4DA5065FBCF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3920698534" collectingDate="1967-06-24" collectorName="B. Goater" country="United Kingdom" location="East" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Kent">
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<specimenCount id="9D3BFD33FFFBBA52FC62E4DA557EFBE2" box="[996,1039,1004,1031]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<location id="8EE26061FFFBBA52FB98E4DB553FFBE2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039487ACFFFBBA52FF11E428527CF84A:8EE26061FFFBBA52FB98E4DB553FFBE2" box="[1054,1102,1005,1031]" country="United Kingdom" name="East" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" stateProvince="Kent">East</location>
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coast of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F9F858FFFBBA52FB30E4DB559EFBE2" box="[1206,1263,1005,1031]" country="United Kingdom" name="Kent" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Kent</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF83107AFFFBBA52FB7AE4DA5407FBE3" box="[1276,1398,1004,1030]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1967-06-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC7E992FFFBBA52FB7AE4DA5407FBE3" box="[1276,1398,1004,1030]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1967-06-24">24.vi.1967</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26C8536CFFFBBA52FA04E4DB5192FBCF" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">B. Goater</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3276531FFFBBA52FF41E3025209FB73" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFFBBA52FF41E3025209FB73" blockId="32.[151,1437,968,1967]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FF41E3025033FBAB" bold="true" box="[199,322,1076,1102]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The specimens from British Isles, where
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFFBBA52FCABE3025572FBAB" authorityName="Macià & Ylla & Gastón & Huertas & Bau" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Doubleday" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[813,1027,1076,1102]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Indalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygmaeola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FCABE3025572FBAB" box="[813,1027,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Indalia pygmaeola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was initially described, are readily distinguished from externally similar species such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFFBBA52FC82E36E52CDFB97" box="[772,956,1112,1138]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Indalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marcida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FC82E36E52CDFB97" box="[772,956,1112,1138]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Indalia marcida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFFBBA52FC6EE36E55D3FB97" authorityName="Macià & Ylla & Gastón & Huertas & Bau" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1000,1186,1112,1138]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Indalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutarella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FC6EE36E55D3FB97" box="[1000,1186,1112,1138]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Indalia lutarella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The forewings are a lighter straw-yellow colour and the hindwings are ivory coloured.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3276531FFFBBA52FF41E39653C9F932" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFFBBA52FF41E3965404FB5E" blockId="32.[151,1437,968,1967]" box="[199,1397,1184,1211]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FF41E3965306FB5F" bold="true" box="[199,631,1184,1210]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
Re-description. Imago (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A3FFFFBBA52FE67E396531BFB5F" box="[481,618,1184,1210]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–32" captionStartId="34.[151,264,1751,1775]" captionTargetBox="[225,1370,199,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-31@34.[201,1386,181,1728]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURES 25–32. 25. Indalia lutarella lutarella (Linnaeus, 1758). Male: Hallstahammar, Vastmanland, Suécia, 27.vii.1978, E. Neutsen leg.; 26. Female: Västeräs, Vastmanland, Suécia, 2.viii.2009, J. Ylla leg. 27. Indalia lutarella luqueti Leraut, 2006. Male: Font del home Mort, Queralbs (Girona) Spain, 1500 m, 29.vii.2006, R. Macià-J. Ylla leg.; 28. Female: Font del home Mort, Queralbs (Girona) Spain, 1500 m, 29.vii.2006, R. Macià & J. Ylla leg.; 29. Indalia pygmaeola pygmaeola (Doubleday, 1847). Male: Bredene litoral, Belgica, 30.vi.1987, F. Bolland leg.; 30. Female: Bredene litoral, Belgica, 30.vi.1987, F. Bolland leg.; 31. Indalia pygmaeola pallifrons (Zeller, 1847). Male: El Cerro, Gredilla la Polera (Burgos) Spain, 980 m, 31TUN40, 14.vi.2017, R. Macià leg.; 32. Female: El Cerro, Gredilla la Polera (Burgos) Spain, 980 m, 31TUN40, 14.vi.2017, R. Macià leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7144099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7144099/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs. 29–30</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Wingspan of males between
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B5FFFFBBA52FC47E396554DFB5E" box="[961,1084,1184,1211]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="29.0" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="26.0">26–32 mm</quantity>
|
||
, that of females
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B5FFFFBBA52FB73E3965400FB5E" box="[1269,1393,1184,1211]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="26.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="24.0">24–28 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFFBBA52FF41E3F253B4FA1A" blockId="32.[151,1437,968,1967]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FF41E3F250D6FB3B" bold="true" box="[199,423,1220,1246]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
Genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A3FFFFBBA52FEC0E3F250E8FB3B" box="[326,409,1220,1246]" captionStart="FIGURE 63" captionStartId="66.[151,250,990,1014]" captionTargetBox="[260,1329,193,958]" captionTargetId="figure-31@66.[250,1337,181,966]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURE 63. Indalia pygmaeola pygmaeola male and female genitalia, gen. prep. 7313JG, east coast of Kent (England); 8280JG, east coast of Kent (England)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7144163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7144163/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Male genitalia: Uncus of medium size, thick, sclerotised, with a pointed tip; valvae ovoid, cucullus very pointed; saccular process clearly curved uniformly towards the cucullusx of the valva; sacculus well defined and sclerotised, with a widening in its central part; vinculum short. Aedeagus cylindrical and not very thick, with three cornuti, one of them smaller than the other two; apical fascia slightly sclerotised with a small, inconspicuous spur at the tip. Female genitalia: Anal papillae and 8th segment large compared to the rest of the genital structure, similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFFBBA52FE51E24E53FFFA77" box="[471,654,1400,1426]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Indalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marcida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FE51E24E53FFFA77" box="[471,654,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Indalia marcida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; lamella postvaginalis not very conspicuous; ostium bursae slightly sclerotised, cup-shaped; ductus bursae broad, trapezoidal, short and slightly sclerotised; corpus bursa with the shape of a pumpkin or a violin, with a membranous wart covered internally with micro-spines in the upper part and a circular signum in the inner wall of its lower part.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFFBBA52FF41E13E5357F9C7" blockId="32.[151,1437,968,1967]" box="[199,550,1544,1571]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FF41E13E50E7F9C7" bold="true" box="[199,406,1544,1570]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Immature stages.</emphasis>
|
||
Not studied.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFFBBA52FF41E11A53C9F932" blockId="32.[151,1437,968,1967]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FF41E11A50F5F9A3" bold="true" box="[199,388,1580,1606]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Molecular data.</emphasis>
|
||
No samples for this subspecies have been analysed for DNA. A total of 25 records for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFFBBA52FACDE11A5063F98F" authorityName="Macià & Ylla & Gastón & Huertas & Bau" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Doubleday" baseAuthorityYear="1847" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Indalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygmaeola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FACDE11A5063F98F" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Indalia pygmaeola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from 7 countries, not including
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFFBBA52FDFAE16753D6F98E" box="[636,679,1617,1643]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">UK</collectingCountry>
|
||
, (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFFBBA52FD3DE1665263F98F" box="[699,786,1616,1642]" name="Austria" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Austria</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFFBBA52FC9BE1665220F98F" box="[797,849,1616,1642]" name="Italy" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFFBBA52FCDAE16652B4F98F" box="[860,965,1616,1642]" name="Germany" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFFBBA52FC57E166552AF98F" box="[977,1115,1616,1642]" name="Netherlands" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFFBBA52FBE0E16655CFF98F" box="[1126,1214,1616,1642]" name="Finland" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Finland</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFFBBA52FB4CE166546DF98F" box="[1226,1308,1616,1642]" name="Croatia" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Croatia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFFBBA52FAD5E16654E5F98F" box="[1363,1428,1616,1642]" name="Spain" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
) are published in BOLD All these samples form a single BIN cluster. All these samples form a single BIN cluster (BOLD: AAE8202), so the available genetic data does not convey additional information on the subspecific differentiation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFFBBA52FEDAE18A53C0F933" authorityName="Macià & Ylla & Gastón & Huertas & Bau" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Doubleday" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[348,689,1724,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Indalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pygmaeola" subSpecies="pygmaeola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FEDAE18A53C0F933" box="[348,689,1724,1750]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Indalia pygmaeola pygmaeola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3276531FFFBBA52FF41E1D655F6F8FB" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFFBBA52FF41E1D655F6F8FB" blockId="32.[151,1437,968,1967]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FF41E1D65056F91F" bold="true" box="[199,295,1760,1786]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Univoltine, flying in a single generation through July, August and mid-September. Adults are active by day and at dusk, ans are attracted to bait and artificial light. The larvae feed on lichens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3276531FFFBBA52FF41E01E504CF883" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFFBBA52FF41E01E504CF883" blockId="32.[151,1437,968,1967]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FF41E01E50ABF8A7" bold="true" box="[199,474,1832,1858]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
Distribution (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A3FFFFBBA52FEECE01E50BCF8A7" box="[362,461,1832,1858]" captionStart="FIGURES 95–109" captionStartId="82.[151,264,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[171,1412,187,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-31@82.[166,1421,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURES 95–109. 95. Eilema caniola caniola; 96. Eilema caniola torsteni; 97. Manulea complana; 98. Manulea iberica; 99. Manulea pseudocomplana; 100. Manulea palliatella; 101. Manulea costalis; 102. Indalia marcida; 103. Indalia predotae; 104. Indalia albicosta; 105. Indalia interposita; 106. Indalia uniola; 107. Indalia lutarella lutarella; 108. Indalia lutarella luqueti; 109. Indalia pygmaeola pygmaeola." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7144271" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7144271/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 109</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
East coast and Atlantic coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFFBBA52FCCCE01E52DAF8A7" box="[842,939,1832,1858]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">England</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A762AFFFBBA52FC31E01E5530F8A7" box="[951,1089,1832,1858]" name="Netherlands" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
, coastal areas of the North Sea and its islands.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3276531FFFBBA52FF41E046527CF84A" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236BAFFFBBA52FF41E046527CF84A" blockId="32.[151,1437,968,1967]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FF41E046501CF86F" bold="true" box="[199,365,1904,1930]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Observations.</emphasis>
|
||
Nominotypical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFFBBA52FDA5E04653EFF86F" authorityName="Macià & Ylla & Gastón & Huertas & Bau" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Doubleday" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[547,670,1904,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Indalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygmaeola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FDA5E04653EFF86F" box="[547,670,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">pygmaeola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is locally common on the east coast;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D39FFFBBA52FBC5E046558CF86F" authorityName="Macià & Ylla & Gastón & Huertas & Bau" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Zeller" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[1091,1277,1904,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Indalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pygmaeola" subSpecies="pallifrons">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAA8FFFBBA52FB17E046558CF86F" box="[1169,1277,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">pallifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is confined to Dungeness, round the corner on the south coast of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F9F858FFFBBA52FD49E0A35278F84A" box="[719,777,1941,1967]" country="United Kingdom" name="Kent" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Kent</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |