treatments-xml/data/03/A1/AE/03A1AE5DFFB9FF9BFF7D32875EDDF0A4.xml
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<mods:title id="27EDD99850292120EE6B4A2A77C68AF0">A dichotomous key to the genera of the Marine Heterotardigrades (Tardigrada)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CFB20D05EA5819A56ABB4C7289C3A0B5">Fontoura, Paulo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3D6FE78358BEC130C84ED5A311094335">Bartels, Paul J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="01F5424967E3845C58D53AD375793ECC">Jørgensen, Aslak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3CCBEB34F1AEFEED4DAE48ED14A65F82">Kristensen, Reinhardt Møbjerg</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="8BB71F4BFFB9FF9BFF7D32875920F5C8" blockId="25.[151,1106,910,936]" box="[151,1106,910,936]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="D0FFA827FFB9FF9BFF7D32875920F5C8" bold="true" box="[151,1106,910,936]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B97CC359FFB9FF9BFF7D32875920F5C8" bold="true" box="[151,1106,910,936]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
1.3
<taxonomicName id="4C0864C8FFB9FF9BFF2932875F8BF5C8" ID-CoL="8KS" authority="Renaud-Mornant, 1974" authorityName="Renaud-Mornant" authorityYear="1974" box="[195,761,910,936]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Coronarctidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="family">
CORONARCTIDAE
<bibRefCitation id="EF9962BAFFB9FF9BFE3932875F8BF5C8" author="Renaud-Mornant" box="[467,761,910,936]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Renaud-Mornant, J. (1974) Une nouvelle famille de Tardigrades marins abyssaux: Coronarctidae fam. nov. (Heterotardigrada). Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des sciences, Serie D, 278, 3087 - 3090." type="journal article" year="1974">Renaud-Mornant, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(emended by
<bibRefCitation id="EF9962BAFFB9FF9BFC423287593BF5C8" author="Hansen" box="[936,1097,910,936]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Hansen, J. G. (2007) The deep-sea elements of the Faroe Bank tardigrade fauna with a description of two new species. Journal of Limnology, 66 (Supplement 1), 12 - 20." type="journal article" year="2007">Hansen 2007</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB71F4BFFB9FF9BFF7D32DC5991F256" blockId="25.[151,1436,981,1078]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Arthrotardigrades with cylindrical worm-like body. Trunk cuticle smooth, with folds, bearing three somatic cirri (
<emphasis id="B97CC359FFB9FF9BFF4A32F35DC3F271" box="[160,177,1018,1041]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B97CC359FFB9FF9BFF2832F35DA7F271" box="[194,213,1018,1041]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">C</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B97CC359FFB9FF9BFEF832F35C51F271" box="[274,291,1018,1041]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">E</emphasis>
) or only one (
<emphasis id="B97CC359FFB9FF9BFE2532F35C92F271" box="[463,480,1018,1041]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">E</emphasis>
). Eleven cephalic sense organs present, including large flattened secondary clavae (occasionally occurring as indistinct areas). Three or four claws, connected to foot by membranes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3124CC0FFB9FF9BFF7D356F5EDDF0A4" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB71F4BFFB9FF9BFF7D356F5907F21E" blockId="25.[151,1436,1125,1408]" box="[151,1141,1125,1150]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
1.3.1
<taxonomicName id="4C0864C8FFB9FF9BFF3C356C5F01F21E" authority="Renaud-Mornant, 1974" authorityName="Renaud-Mornant" authorityYear="1974" box="[214,627,1125,1150]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Coronarctidae" genus="Coronarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97CC359FFB9FF9BFF3C356C5C15F21E" bold="true" box="[214,359,1125,1150]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Coronarctus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9962BAFFB9FF9BFE87356C5F01F21E" author="Renaud-Mornant" box="[365,627,1125,1150]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Renaud-Mornant, J. (1974) Une nouvelle famille de Tardigrades marins abyssaux: Coronarctidae fam. nov. (Heterotardigrada). Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des sciences, Serie D, 278, 3087 - 3090." type="journal article" year="1974">Renaud-Mornant, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(emended by
<bibRefCitation id="EF9962BAFFB9FF9BFCF8356F5EDAF21E" author="Hansen" box="[786,936,1126,1150]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Hansen, J. G. (2007) The deep-sea elements of the Faroe Bank tardigrade fauna with a description of two new species. Journal of Limnology, 66 (Supplement 1), 12 - 20." type="journal article" year="2007">Hansen 2007</bibRefCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="133303CEFFB9FF9BFC5E356C5E89F21E" box="[948,1019,1125,1150]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[271,1293,202,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[257,1306,193,1860]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4. Habitus drawings of marine heterotardigrades. A Archechiniscus, redrawn from Pollock (1976). B Coronarctus, redrawn from Renaud-Mornant (1987 b). C Trogloarctus, redrawn from Villora-Morena (1996). D Clavarctus, redrawn from Renaud-Mornant (1983). E Euclavarctus, redrawn from Renaud-Mornant (1975 a). F Exoclavarctus, redrawn from Renaud- Mornant (1983). G Moebjergarctus, redrawn from Bussau (1992). H Parmursa, redrawn from Hansen (2007). I Proclavarctus, redrawn from Renaud-Mornant (1983)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/831548/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs 4</figureCitation>
B, 10A, B)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB71F4BFFB9FF9BFF2D35805999F358" blockId="25.[151,1436,1125,1408]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C0864C8FFB9FF9BFF2D35805C14F2C2" authorityName="Renaud-Mornant" authorityYear="1974" box="[199,358,1161,1186]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Coronarctidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="family">Coronarctidae</taxonomicName>
with unplated cylindrical body, with more or less pronounced cuticular folds. Three pairs of somatic cirri with accordion-like scapus. Conical head separated into two parts; anterior triangular part with median cirrus and flattened secondary clavae, posterior part narrower, bearing lateral cirri and primary clavae. Four claws on each leg displaying more or less important heterometry6. Buccal apparatus without stylet supports or placoids17. Digestive tract with poorly developed diverticula. Female with two seminal receptacles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB71F4BFFB9FF9BFF2D344D5E29F33B" blockId="25.[151,1436,1125,1408]" box="[199,859,1347,1372]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Type species:
<taxonomicName id="4C0864C8FFB9FF9BFE8F344D5E29F33B" authority="Renaud-Mornant, 1974" authorityName="Renaud-Mornant" authorityYear="1974" box="[357,859,1347,1372]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Coronarctidae" genus="Coronarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="tenellus">
<emphasis id="B97CC359FFB9FF9BFE8F344D5F3CF33C" box="[357,590,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Coronarctus tenellus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9962BAFFB9FF9BFDBF344A5E29F33B" author="Renaud-Mornant" box="[597,859,1347,1372]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Renaud-Mornant, J. (1974) Une nouvelle famille de Tardigrades marins abyssaux: Coronarctidae fam. nov. (Heterotardigrada). Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des sciences, Serie D, 278, 3087 - 3090." type="journal article" year="1974">Renaud-Mornant, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB71F4BFFB9FF9BFF2D346E5829F31F" blockId="25.[151,1436,1125,1408]" box="[199,1371,1383,1408]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Selected literature for further information:
<bibRefCitation id="EF9962BAFFB9FF9BFD4C346E5EC3F31F" author="Renaud-Mornant" box="[678,945,1383,1408]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Renaud-Mornant, J. (1974) Une nouvelle famille de Tardigrades marins abyssaux: Coronarctidae fam. nov. (Heterotardigrada). Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des sciences, Serie D, 278, 3087 - 3090." type="journal article" year="1974">Renaud-Mornant (1974</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF9962BAFFB9FF9BFC56346E5971F3E0" author="Renaud-Mornant" box="[956,1027,1383,1408]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Renaud-Mornant, J. (1987 b) Bathyal and abyssal Coronarctidae (Tardigrada), description of new species and phylogenetical significance. In: Bertolani, R. (Ed.), Biology of Tardigrades. Selected Symposia and Monographs U. Z. I. 1. Mucchi Editore, Modena, pp. 229 - 252." type="journal article" year="1987" yearSuffix="b">1987b</bibRefCitation>
) and
<bibRefCitation id="EF9962BAFFB9FF9BFBA834615824F31F" box="[1090,1366,1383,1408]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Romano III, F., Gallo, M., D'Addabbo, R., Accogli, G., Bagueley, J. &amp; Montagna, P. (2011) Deep-sea tardigrades in the northern Gulf of Mexico with a description of a new species of Coronarctidae (Tardigrada: Arthrotardigrada), Coronarctus mexicus. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 49 (Supplement 1), 48 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0469.2010.00597. x" type="journal article">
Romano III
<emphasis id="B97CC359FFB9FF9BFB2134615871F3E0" box="[1227,1283,1383,1408]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al.</emphasis>
(2011)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB71F4BFFB9FF9BFF7D34A65E67F3A7" blockId="25.[151,1436,1455,1732]" box="[151,789,1455,1480]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
1.3.2
<taxonomicName id="4C0864C8FFB9FF9BFF3C34A65F15F3A8" authority="Villora-Moreno, 1996" authorityName="Villora-Moreno" authorityYear="1996" box="[214,615,1455,1480]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Coronarctidae" genus="Trogloarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97CC359FFB9FF9BFF3C34A65C18F3A8" bold="true" box="[214,362,1455,1480]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Trogloarctus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9962BAFFB9FF9BFE9B34A65F15F3A8" author="Villora-Moreno" box="[369,615,1455,1480]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Villora-Moreno, S. (1996) A new genus and species of deep-sea family Coronarctidae (Tardigrada) from a submarine cave with a deep-sea like condition. Sarsia, 81, 275 - 283." type="journal article" year="1996">Villora-Moreno, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="133303CEFFB9FF9BFD9C34A65FCFF3A7" box="[630,701,1455,1480]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[271,1293,202,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[257,1306,193,1860]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4. Habitus drawings of marine heterotardigrades. A Archechiniscus, redrawn from Pollock (1976). B Coronarctus, redrawn from Renaud-Mornant (1987 b). C Trogloarctus, redrawn from Villora-Morena (1996). D Clavarctus, redrawn from Renaud-Mornant (1983). E Euclavarctus, redrawn from Renaud-Mornant (1975 a). F Exoclavarctus, redrawn from Renaud- Mornant (1983). G Moebjergarctus, redrawn from Bussau (1992). H Parmursa, redrawn from Hansen (2007). I Proclavarctus, redrawn from Renaud-Mornant (1983)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/831548/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs 4</figureCitation>
C, 10C)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB71F4BFFB9FF9BFF2D34DA58EBF01B" blockId="25.[151,1436,1455,1732]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C0864C8FFB9FF9BFF2D34DA5C14F38C" authorityName="Renaud-Mornant" authorityYear="1974" box="[199,358,1491,1516]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Coronarctidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="family">Coronarctidae</taxonomicName>
with elongated body with cuticular folds. Only one pair of somatic cirri (cirrus
<emphasis id="B97CC359FFB9FF9BFAA834DD5821F38B" box="[1346,1363,1492,1515]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">E</emphasis>
) with accordion-like scapus. Eleven cephalic sense organs. Primary clava, small and globular, inserted separately from cirrus
<emphasis id="B97CC359FFB9FF9BFF3537155D82F053" box="[223,240,1564,1587]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">A</emphasis>
. Secondary clavae flattened and not pronounced. Small cephalic cirri consisting of two parts: scapus and flagellum. External cirri equally distant from the internal cirri and the primary clavae. Spines on all legs. Three claws on each leg, very long on fourth leg. Buccal apparatus with bar-shaped placoids, but without stylet supports.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB71F4BFFB9FF9BFF2D37815E16F0C0" blockId="25.[151,1436,1455,1732]" box="[199,868,1671,1696]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Type species
<taxonomicName id="4C0864C8FFB9FF9BFEB7378E5E16F0C0" authority="Villora-Moreno, 1996" authorityName="Villora-Moreno" authorityYear="1996" box="[349,868,1671,1696]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Coronarctidae" genus="Trogloarctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrotardigrada" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="trionyches">
<emphasis id="B97CC359FFB9FF9BFEB7378E5F1AF0C0" box="[349,616,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Trogloarctus trionyches</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9962BAFFB9FF9BFD84378E5E16F0C0" author="Villora-Moreno" box="[622,868,1671,1696]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Villora-Moreno, S. (1996) A new genus and species of deep-sea family Coronarctidae (Tardigrada) from a submarine cave with a deep-sea like condition. Sarsia, 81, 275 - 283." type="journal article" year="1996">Villora-Moreno, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB71F4BFFB9FF9BFF2D37A25EDDF0A4" blockId="25.[151,1436,1455,1732]" box="[199,943,1707,1732]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Selected literature for further information:
<bibRefCitation id="EF9962BAFFB9FF9BFD4C37A25ED9F0A4" author="Villora-Moreno" box="[678,939,1707,1732]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Villora-Moreno, S. (1996) A new genus and species of deep-sea family Coronarctidae (Tardigrada) from a submarine cave with a deep-sea like condition. Sarsia, 81, 275 - 283." type="journal article" year="1996">Villora-Moreno (1996)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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