122 lines
17 KiB
XML
122 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="68275AC8F4FAB96E0A50C1F37CC45D67" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4269.3.2SLASH11127" ID-CLB-Dataset="32994" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4269.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cb56b0e3-1b88-4a89-b478-186e2b30721f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="582450" ID-ZooBank="0D7EC140-F88A-49BB-BB62-D2AC8EC6FC1D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1495525456151" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Paulsen, M. J." docDate="2017" docId="0382520FFFD3FFBEFF53F14C8744FE56" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4269.3.2SLASH11127.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4269 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Platyceroides Benesh 1946" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="351" masterDocId="FFBB2A77FFD7FFBBFFC4F4338648FFDE" masterDocTitle="Correction of existing generic and species concepts in Platyceroidini (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Lucaninae) and the description of four new species of Platyceroides Benesh" masterLastPageNumber="378" masterPageNumber="346" pageNumber="350" updateTime="1698439832522" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="0437163BE6A71D368840D7E3C0BB7733" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="230BBDF7E9258311CE5371D52C9C4980">
|
||
<mods:title id="406323CF381DF02DFA97E3216CD95383">Correction of existing generic and species concepts in Platyceroidini (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Lucaninae) and the description of four new species of Platyceroides Benesh</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="AD9F95F51FAFBCDB3686B28849E503F6" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="B8105799A4A0EE99A90333EAAEE6B6D0">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="5DD0613BB483884AE2F232F5B54C9537">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="794B32140E574403BFB182BF2C0B66A6">Paulsen, M. J.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="5FEB9B0DE2657AFECB0C1972833F878C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="4CA333177E5C39921E715A717F6FC6C1" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="934193EB38EC9E474F8C54A599C3E0AD">
|
||
<mods:title id="85B8957D3667AC637A8605DC7CDAAC03">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="28DD7DAF8E24AB87AA84275BA01ED156">
|
||
<mods:date id="52468102CEA60734E341A3199DB713FD">2017</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="8D340063DCD46262D6BB944A8179C800" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="30C4A74BB0B33C62E264A11DF9810E0B">4269</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="65DDECC7806D15CD47508ED90350D3A0" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="7778812D80AF7D3BB1412CD36A8E6301">3</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="AC4FE18E7F90CCE8089E15C830D98388" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="1512A1244588ABA73BA152A8C03FC873">346</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="2E9CF852D64594AD23629CDB9C44B14F">378</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="F3D5CFF96153C321E970D9881F98AC89">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="FF3ACF31F0D3DF785B2D6A70B6E1E1D4" type="CLB-Dataset">32994</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="A837E8A5AADEB60868291C53F336E76B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4269.3.2</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="9CC6842CC8340F5FA110CE0EC12F2A57" type="GBIF-Dataset">cb56b0e3-1b88-4a89-b478-186e2b30721f</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="540BA85F39557C3FED0A66C50BAEDF46" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="DAD277315137885CD39054E713C5C6A0" type="Zenodo-Dep">582450</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E731E7E5B3185025A90D9ACED14EEBD9" type="ZooBank">0D7EC140-F88A-49BB-BB62-D2AC8EC6FC1D</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="0382520FFFD3FFBEFF53F14C8744FE56" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5189909" ID-GBIF-Taxon="130844381" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5189909" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382520FFFD3FFBEFF53F14C8744FE56" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0382520FFFD3FFBEFF53F14C8744FE56" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="351" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331B092FFD3FFBFFF53F14C842AFA47" box="[151,610,1407,1433]" pageId="4" pageNumber="350" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E319FFD3FFBFFF53F14C842AFA47" blockId="4.[151,610,1407,1433]" box="[151,610,1407,1433]" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">
|
||
<heading id="D0DC5475FFD3FFBFFF53F14C842AFA47" bold="true" box="[151,610,1407,1433]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="350" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F3F0BFFD3FFBFFF53F14C842AFA47" bold="true" box="[151,610,1407,1433]" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">
|
||
Subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B989AFFD3FFBFFED3F14C842AFA47" ID-CoL="6RQ6" authority="Benesh, 1946" authorityName="Benesh" authorityYear="1946" box="[279,610,1407,1433]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Platyceroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F3F0BFFD3FFBFFED3F14C87F0FA47" bold="true" box="[279,440,1407,1433]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">Platyceroides</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA9EE8FFD3FFBFFE7BF14C842AFA47" author="Benesh" box="[447,610,1407,1433]" pageId="4" pageNumber="350" refString="Benesh, B. (1946) A systematic revision of the Holarctic genus Platycerus Geoffroy (Coleoptera: Lucanidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 63, 139 - 203." type="journal article" year="1946">Benesh, 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331B092FFD3FFBEFF53F1F58744FE56" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="351" pageId="4" pageNumber="350" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E319FFD3FFBFFF53F1F584CAF9B1" blockId="4.[151,1437,1478,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F3F0BFFD3FFBFFF53F1F587D1FA01" bold="true" box="[151,409,1478,1503]" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">Subgeneric diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. Differing from other subgenera in the following characters.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F3F0BFFD3FFBFFB4FF1F58299FA00" box="[1163,1233,1478,1502]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">Head:</emphasis>
|
||
Anterior margin subtruncate (Fig. 20). Genae not produced laterally past eyes (greatest width of head is across eyes).
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F3F0BFFD3FFBFFAC7F1D88318F9DC" box="[1283,1360,1515,1538]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">Wings:</emphasis>
|
||
Males with functional wings.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F3F0BFFD3FFBFFE76F23D846DF9F8" box="[434,549,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">Abdomen:</emphasis>
|
||
Male genitalia with internal sac (flagellum) elongate, much longer than parameres, entirely sclerotized, gradually (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B989AFFD3FFBFFDBCF20084ABF994" box="[632,739,1587,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Platyceroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agassii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F3F0BFFD3FFBFFDBCF20084ABF994" box="[632,739,1587,1610]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">P. agassii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group only) or abruptly expanded at apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310FF9CFFD3FFBFFB09F201835AF995" box="[1229,1298,1586,1611]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1218,1240]" captionTargetBox="[168,1404,681,1173]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,662,1196]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Form of the flagellum of the male genitalia in species groups of the nominal subgenus. 2 A, Platyceroides agassii species group, cylindrical and gradually widening to apex (basal piece and parameres shown for context); 2 B, Platyceroides pampinatus species group, flagellum abruptly widening, apex with sclerotized tip; 2 C, Platyceroides californicus species group; 2 D, Platyceroides opacus species group, apices abruptly widened." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/582452/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Parameres complexly folded and emarginate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310FF9CFFD3FFBFFDD9F2658415F9B1" box="[541,605,1622,1647]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1912,1934]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,736,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,700,1891]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Illustration of the overall morphology in male genitalia in lateral view for the subgenera of Platyceroides Benesh, with parameres indicated in black. 1 A, Platyceropsis Benesh, flagellum reduced to a short hook, paramera simple; 1 B, Praocerus, flagellum basally membranous (white) with distal sclerotized process, parameres emarginate; 1 C, Platyceroides nominal subgenus, long sclerotized flagellum, parameres complex and folded." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/582451/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E319FFD3FFBFFF03F24987AAF899" blockId="4.[151,1437,1478,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F3F0BFFD3FFBFFF03F2498736F94D" bold="true" box="[199,382,1658,1683]" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">Species groups.</emphasis>
|
||
In the nominal subgenus the flagellum of the male genitalia is a snake-like, elongate, entirely sclerotized structure ending in a gradually or abruptly expanded apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310FF9CFFD3FFBFFC74F2AD85B8F969" box="[944,1008,1694,1719]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1912,1934]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,736,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,700,1891]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Illustration of the overall morphology in male genitalia in lateral view for the subgenera of Platyceroides Benesh, with parameres indicated in black. 1 A, Platyceropsis Benesh, flagellum reduced to a short hook, paramera simple; 1 B, Praocerus, flagellum basally membranous (white) with distal sclerotized process, parameres emarginate; 1 C, Platyceroides nominal subgenus, long sclerotized flagellum, parameres complex and folded." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/582451/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
C). To facilitate correct identification, four species groups are used so that similar species can be compared directly. These groups can be defined within the nominal subgenus based on the form of the apex of the flagellum and elytral surface and punctation. In the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B989AFFD3FFBFFA43F2D486AEF8FC" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Platyceroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agassii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F3F0BFFD3FFBFFA43F2D486AEF8FC" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">P. agassii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (two species) the apex is much broader (gradually widening) and subcylindrical (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310FF9CFFD3FFBFFB14F339835CF8FD" box="[1232,1300,1802,1827]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1218,1240]" captionTargetBox="[168,1404,681,1173]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,662,1196]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Form of the flagellum of the male genitalia in species groups of the nominal subgenus. 2 A, Platyceroides agassii species group, cylindrical and gradually widening to apex (basal piece and parameres shown for context); 2 B, Platyceroides pampinatus species group, flagellum abruptly widening, apex with sclerotized tip; 2 C, Platyceroides californicus species group; 2 D, Platyceroides opacus species group, apices abruptly widened." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/582452/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A), with the elytral surface usually glossy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E319FFD3FFBEFF03F3608549FF0B" blockId="4.[151,1437,1478,2007]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,392]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="351" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">
|
||
In the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B989AFFD3FFBFFED6F36087FAF8B4" box="[274,434,1875,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Platyceroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pampinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F3F0BFFD3FFBFFED6F36087FAF8B4" box="[274,434,1875,1898]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">P. pampinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (two species) the abruptly expanded apex ends with a leaf-like sclerite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310FF9CFFD3FFBFFAF8F36183C9F8B5" box="[1340,1409,1874,1899]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1218,1240]" captionTargetBox="[168,1404,681,1173]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,662,1196]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Form of the flagellum of the male genitalia in species groups of the nominal subgenus. 2 A, Platyceroides agassii species group, cylindrical and gradually widening to apex (basal piece and parameres shown for context); 2 B, Platyceroides pampinatus species group, flagellum abruptly widening, apex with sclerotized tip; 2 C, Platyceroides californicus species group; 2 D, Platyceroides opacus species group, apices abruptly widened." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/582452/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B) visible in distal view and the elytral surface is shagreened (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310FF9CFFD3FFBFFCFFF34585C9F851" box="[827,897,1910,1935]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,680,702]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,195,659]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,195,659]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron microscope image of elytral surface of Platyceroides pampinatus new species, showing shagreened microsculpture between punctures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/582454/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Females of this group have moderate to large antennae for the subgenus. The two species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B989AFFD3FFBFFD0CF3A8852FF86C" box="[712,871,1947,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Platyceroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pampinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F3F0BFFD3FFBFFD0CF3A8852FF86C" box="[712,871,1947,1970]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">P. pampinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group have been most confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B989AFFD3FFBFFACAF3A88331F86C" box="[1294,1401,1947,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Platyceroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agassii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F3F0BFFD3FFBFFACAF3A88331F86C" box="[1294,1401,1947,1970]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">P. agassii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by previous authors and therefore had both remained undescribed, even though this group is represented by the most specimens in collections. The species are widespread along the coast from southern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EF2DFBFFD2FFBEFB91F4AB82E1FF6E" box="[1109,1193,152,176]" country="United States of America" name="Oregon" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">Oregon</collectingRegion>
|
||
to central
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EF2DFBFFD2FFBEFAE7F4A483D0FF6E" box="[1315,1432,151,176]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
, also extending inland in the northern half of that range.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E319FFD2FFBEFF03F4EC8744FE56" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">
|
||
The remaining species in the nominal subgenus have a more similar, abruptly capitate apex of the flagellum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310FF9CFFD2FFBEFF5BF53786ABFEC2" box="[159,227,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1218,1240]" captionTargetBox="[168,1404,681,1173]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,662,1196]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Form of the flagellum of the male genitalia in species groups of the nominal subgenus. 2 A, Platyceroides agassii species group, cylindrical and gradually widening to apex (basal piece and parameres shown for context); 2 B, Platyceroides pampinatus species group, flagellum abruptly widening, apex with sclerotized tip; 2 C, Platyceroides californicus species group; 2 D, Platyceroides opacus species group, apices abruptly widened." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/582452/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C–D) and form the last two species groups, depending on whether the elytra are distinctly glossy/polished and striate (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B989AFFD2FFBEFEE6F51A878FFE9E" box="[290,455,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Platyceroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F3F0BFFD2FFBEFEE6F51A878FFE9E" box="[290,455,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">P. californicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, four species) or dull or shagreened and more irregularly punctate (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B989AFFD2FFBEFAE9F51A83D4FE9E" box="[1325,1436,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Platyceroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opacus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F3F0BFFD2FFBEFAE9F51A83D4FE9E" box="[1325,1436,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">P. opacus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, four species). Within these two groups differences in the capitate apex of the flagellum remains diagnostic to species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |