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<document id="2C21B6D444F1A07B333516B1076EB58A" ID-CLB-Dataset="31932" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4324.3.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="924c88e7-bef5-46fb-9bc7-7a2ce2c56ff7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="998474" ID-ZooBank="09052331-B265-4750-918F-6454Fa51Da88" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1506581859556" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lu, Sheng-Shan" docDate="2017" docId="038087F4A46D9D6A38B097E1FC76F2AB" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4324.3.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4324 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Zethus nigerrimus Gusenleitner 2001" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="539" masterDocId="FFB9FF8CA46A9D6038279656FFF7F253" masterDocTitle="New record of the genus Zethus Fabricius from Taiwan, with the description of Z. taiwanus sp. nov. and a key to the species of trimaculatus - group (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae)" masterLastPageNumber="540" masterPageNumber="529" pageNumber="536" updateTime="1698469149058" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="70AAA23967A281DAE2D82DE75C43D496" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="6BE9BFF41A0E5F90AF75F2F6C57B3827">
<mods:title id="A4319441CAD64643C9E5570D46FB2EED">New record of the genus Zethus Fabricius from Taiwan, with the description of Z. taiwanus sp. nov. and a key to the species of trimaculatus - group (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="657767C8B10769A2EEF31BFA65E050D8" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0D40A2465848C8A9A0335E33A4AA876E">
<mods:roleTerm id="C8A9E4262E1CB46DEF3566576BBED5EC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1915DADCC145635588DB7083DD598EAE">Lu, Sheng-Shan</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="9896BB0AC2865BC4D6EFBB381663189D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="E323E2B6BC490AA2FE46FAA667BA4498" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="3E23651AE4EE4B5537FD409725DA7810">
<mods:title id="93FD28E265B5000384AB8459C70A9F59">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="9D90D0D5EE9D1A3C009A395E2A62EF64">
<mods:date id="9FD4DE3B75A49D633049CE6A0C5DFBD9">2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="F8155B838E3E356E74E4828BDFCB8BD9" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="CD6BE505DBECF5DA786AB8347C4AE4CB">2017-09-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="A27A14CAC152B5F2C9A1D23B55B1F80A" type="volume">
<mods:number id="2E942DC9933748B3102CB18739FAFD51">4324</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="D9BC6203453E7FF839481DB5E5A5893A" type="issue">
<mods:number id="7337365DBC5083C4BE0DBE0918A11C35">3</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="3EA7563BB10487B7AC48CB5F382F7BB9" unit="page">
<mods:start id="3FD0A021528252206B324F09F453E4B2">529</mods:start>
<mods:end id="C18953EEA89C592B4DA195B0D9BC4B53">540</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="708012740A2B741AE38478C6334369D8">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="06D3CD73DAEF3F9DA4B3440C206A54E2" type="CLB-Dataset">31932</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7196DE572A695D99FF7C482D5066A97B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4324.3.7</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8DD1391BBB80AA090D589E9B63BF2DE5" type="GBIF-Dataset">924c88e7-bef5-46fb-9bc7-7a2ce2c56ff7</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="16A0184B72EC57C530C63E039075EBC0" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="22598E0528AAA94FA73F4217C73D5F37" type="Zenodo-Dep">998474</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="99041D5D5EF5A305AA9D348D42555434" type="ZooBank">09052331-B265-4750-918F-6454Fa51Da88</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="038087F4A46D9D6A38B097E1FC76F2AB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6021198" ID-GBIF-Taxon="134860813" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6021198" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087F4A46D9D6A38B097E1FC76F2AB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038087F4A46D9D6A38B097E1FC76F2AB" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="539" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<subSubSection id="C3336569A46D9D6738B097E1FE1CF3A0" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9636E2A46D9D6738B097E1FD91F381" blockId="7.[151,614,439,499]" box="[151,614,439,466]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<heading id="D0DE818EA46D9D6738B097E1FD91F381" bold="true" box="[151,614,439,466]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C294D61A46D9D6738B097E1FD91F381" ID-CoL="5D3RP" authority="Gusenleitner, 2001" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,614,439,466]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigerrimus">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A46D9D6738B097E1FD91F381" bold="true" box="[151,614,439,466]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A46D9D6738B097E1FE81F382" bold="true" box="[151,374,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Zethus nigerrimus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B13A46D9D67395997EEFD91F381" author="Gusenleitner" box="[382,614,440,466]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2001) Beitrag zur Kenntnis von Faltenwespen der orientalischen Region (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumenidae). Linzer Biologische Beitrage, 33 (2), 655 - 662." type="journal article" year="2001">Gusenleitner, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636E2A46D9D6738B0978CFE1CF3A0" blockId="7.[151,614,439,499]" box="[151,491,474,499]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
(
<figureCitation id="13122A67A46D9D6738B8978CFED0F3A0" box="[159,295,474,499]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 20" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 20. Zethus nigerrimus, Ban Saleui, Hua Phan Prov., Laos. 16, male clypeus; 17, female left tegula, dorsal; 18, female habitus, lateral; 19, apex of male antenna, ventral; 20, male antenna, lateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/998480/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Figs. 16–20</figureCitation>
, 22, 24, 27 &amp; 28)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336569A46D9D6738B09474FD0DF0C7" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9636E2A46D9D6738B09474FD03F004" blockId="7.[151,1436,546,660]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B13A46D9D6738B09474FEABF06B" author="Gusenleitner" box="[151,348,546,568]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2001) Beitrag zur Kenntnis von Faltenwespen der orientalischen Region (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumenidae). Linzer Biologische Beitrage, 33 (2), 655 - 662." type="journal article" year="2001">Gusenleitner, 2001</bibRefCitation>
, Linzer biol. Beitr., 33(2): 659–661, “Vinh Phu, Tam Tao (probably Vinh Phuc, Tam Dao according to
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B13A46D9D6738E09414FE65F004" author="Nguyen" box="[199,402,577,599]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" refString="Nguyen, L. T. P., Dang, H. T., Kojima, J. I. &amp; Carpenter, J. M. (2014) An annotated distributional checklist of solitary wasps of the subfamily Eumeninae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) of Vietnam. Entomologica Americana, 120 (1), 7 - 17. https: // doi. org / 10.1664 / 13 - RA- 010.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
Nguyen
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A46D9D67393A9414FEBEF005" box="[285,329,577,599]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">et al</emphasis>
., 2014
</bibRefCitation>
), N. Vietnam” (holotype NHMW).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636E2A46D9D6738B09436FCB8F025" blockId="7.[151,1436,546,660]" box="[151,847,608,630]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<materialsCitation id="3B413CBFA46D9D6738B09436FCB8F025" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1656647342" box="[151,847,608,630]" country="Laos" location="Hua Phan" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hua Phan">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B13A46D9D6738B09436FEAEF025" author="Gusenleitner" box="[151,345,608,630]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2012) Bemerkenswerte Faltenwespen-Funde aus der orientalischen Region Teil 6 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae). Linzer Biologische Beitrage, 44 (2), 1045 - 1052." type="journal article" year="2012">Gusenleitner, 2012</bibRefCitation>
, Linzer biol. Beitr., 44(2): 1050,
<collectingRegion id="49EDF800A46D9D673A809437FCFAF025" box="[679,781,608,630]" country="Laos" name="Houaphan" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Hua Phan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33E7672A46D9D673B309437FCBCF025" box="[791,843,609,630]" name="Laos" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Laos</collectingCountry>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636E2A46D9D6738B09428FD0DF0C7" blockId="7.[151,1436,546,660]" box="[151,762,638,660]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B13A46D9D6738B09428FEAEF0C7" author="Gusenleitner" box="[151,345,638,660]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" refString="Gusenleitner, J. &amp; Gusenleitner, F. (2013) Eine neue Gattung und zwei neue Faltenwespen aus der Orientalischen Region (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Linzer Biologische Beitrage, 45 (1), 133 - 139." type="journal article" year="2013">Gusenleitner, 2013</bibRefCitation>
, Linzer biol. Beitr., 45(1): 138, figs. 7–9.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336569A46D9D6738B09497FC17F171" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9636E2A46D9D6738B09497FC17F171" blockId="7.[151,1437,705,1990]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<materialsCitation id="3B413CBFA46D9D6738B09497FC9EF0AD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1656647343" collectingDate="2011-05-06" collectorName="C. Holzschuh" country="Laos" determinerName="J. Gusenleitner" elevation="1625" latitude="20.225" location="Ban Saleui" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="103.990555" municipality="Phou Pan Mt." pageId="7" pageNumber="536" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Hua Phan">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A46D9D6738B09497FE72F089" bold="true" box="[151,389,705,730]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Material examined.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD6BA46D9D6739A89494FE45F089" box="[399,434,706,730]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<location id="8EF66039A46D9D6739E29494FDB1F089" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087F4A46D9D6A38B097E1FC76F2AB:8EF66039A46D9D6739E29494FDB1F089" box="[453,582,705,730]" country="Laos" latitude="20.225" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="103.990555" municipality="Phou Pan Mt." name="Ban Saleui" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" stateProvince="Hua Phan">Ban Saleui</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF2AC98A46D9D673A719497FD0DF08A" box="[598,762,705,730]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Phou Pan Mt.</collectingMunicipality>
,
<elevation id="0004D1D1A46D9D673B2D9497FC57F089" box="[778,928,705,730]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.625" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.35" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" unit="m" value="1625.0" valueMax="1900.0" valueMin="1350.0">
<quantity id="4CD19B07A46D9D673B2D9497FC57F089" box="[778,928,705,730]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.625" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.35" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" unit="m" value="1625.0" valueMax="1900.0" valueMin="1350.0">1350–1900m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5025A46D9D673B979497FBCAF089" box="[944,1085,705,730]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" precision="15" value="103.990555">E103°59'26''</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5025A46D9D673C6F9494FB3AF089" box="[1096,1229,706,730]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" precision="15" value="20.225">N20°13'30''</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingRegion id="49EDF800A46D9D673CFA9494FAB8F089" box="[1245,1359,705,730]" country="Laos" name="Houaphan" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Hua Phan</collectingRegion>
Prov.,
<collectingCountry id="F33E7672A46D9D6738B094B0FF26F0AE" box="[151,209,742,765]" name="Laos" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Laos</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingDate id="EFD3E9CAA46D9D6738FB94B3FEB0F0AD" box="[220,327,741,766]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" value="2011-05-06">
<date id="FF971022A46D9D6738FB94B3FEB0F0AD" box="[220,327,741,766]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" value="2011-05-06">V/6/2011</date>
</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26DC5334A46D9D6739A494B0FDEBF0AD" box="[387,540,741,766]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">C. Holzschuh</collectorName>
&amp; locals, det.
<determinerName id="7E4ADA26A46D9D673A9894B0FC9EF0AD" box="[703,873,741,766]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">J. Gusenleitner</determinerName>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B413CBFA46D9D673B5394B0FC2BF171" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1656647347" collectingDate="2013-06-15" collectionCode="OLM" collectorName="C. Holzschuh" country="Laos" determinerName="J. Gusenleitner. Both" elevation="1625" latitude="20.225" location="Ban Saleui" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="103.990555" municipality="Phou Pan Mt." pageId="7" pageNumber="536" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hua Phan">
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD6BA46D9D673B5394B0FC6EF0AD" box="[884,921,742,766]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
, same locality as the female,
<collectingDate id="EFD3E9CAA46D9D673CC394B3FA9FF0AD" box="[1252,1384,741,766]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" value="2013-06-15">
<date id="FF971022A46D9D673CC394B3FA9FF0AD" box="[1252,1384,741,766]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" value="2013-06-15">VI/15/2013</date>
</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26DC5334A46D9D6738B0955CFED8F171" box="[151,303,777,802]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">C. Holzschuh</collectorName>
&amp; locals, det.
<determinerName id="7E4ADA26A46D9D6739F4955CFD4AF171" box="[467,701,777,802]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">J. Gusenleitner. Both</determinerName>
specimens were in
<collectionCode id="ED38AE27A46D9D673BBD955CFC2BF171" box="[922,988,778,802]" country="Czech Republic" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15302" name="Vlastivedn<64> muzeum v Olomouci" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">OLM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336569A46D9D6738E0957BFE2BF6D9" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9636E2A46D9D6738E0957BFF24F612" blockId="7.[151,1437,705,1990]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A46D9D6738E0957BFEB6F115" bold="true" box="[199,321,813,838]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Body almost entirely black. Female clypeus minutely bi-dentate apically, space between the teeth depressed with a middle ridge; male clypeus bi-dentate with shallow apical notch 1/6 as wide as clypeus. Male mandible with three teeth, two basal teeth small, about the same size and close to each other. Epicnemial carina strong and raised, bordered posteriorly by a narrow furrow, epipleura suture distinct. Volsella of male genitalia with broad vosellar ridge having oblong basal lobe. Volsellar ridge adorned with six or seven small, dark and setigerous teeth at ventro-inner margin and a large protrusion close to basal lobe at baso-outer corner. Aedeagus with ventral lobe of penile valve roundly shaped basally in profile, basal plate broad and equilaterally triangular with blunt apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636E2A46D9D6738E0921BFE2BF6D9" blockId="7.[151,1437,705,1990]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A46D9D6738E0921BFE13F635" bold="true" box="[199,484,1101,1126]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Differential description.</emphasis>
General morphology of
<taxonomicName id="4C294D61A46D9D673AD09218FC78F636" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2001" box="[759,911,1102,1125]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigerrimus">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A46D9D673AD09218FC78F636" box="[759,911,1102,1125]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Z. nigerrimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C294D61A46D9D673C489218FB06F636" authorityName="Lu" authorityYear="2017" box="[1135,1265,1102,1125]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanus">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A46D9D673C489218FB06F636" box="[1135,1265,1102,1125]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Z. taiwanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It differs from the latter as described below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336569A46D9D6938E092C3FA89F58E" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="538" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9636E2A46D9D6738E092C3FE38F445" blockId="7.[151,1437,705,1990]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A46D9D6738E092C3FED2F6FD" bold="true" box="[199,293,1173,1198]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Female.</emphasis>
Clypeus minutely bi-dentate, space between the teeth depressed with a middle ridge (described by Gusenleitner as tri-dentate). Ocellar area not distinctly raised. Occiput carina obscurely bordered anteriorly by a row of short pits. Epicnemial carina strong and raised, bordered posteriorly by a narrow furrow; pleural suture defined by a row of seven large and deep pits, epipleural suture distinct. Propodeum with posterior depression very shallow, almost flat and finely striate transversely, submedian carina indiscernible. Apical expansion of T1 relatively longer and narrower, about 4/9 (1/
<quantity id="4CD19B07A46D9D673ABC931CFD3BF731" box="[667,716,1353,1378]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D61A46D9D673AF1931CFCAAF732" authorityName="Lu" authorityYear="2017" box="[726,861,1354,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanus">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A46D9D673AF1931CFCAAF732" box="[726,861,1354,1377]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Z. taiwanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) as wide as T2. Body punctation generally more sparser and shallower. Posterior half of gena nearly wholly smooth, scutal area between notaulix smoother and shining with only few punctures. Body almost entirely black, propodeal valvulae deep brown, yellow markings as in
<taxonomicName id="4C294D61A46D9D67389393E0FECFF79E" authorityName="Lu" authorityYear="2017" box="[180,312,1462,1485]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanus">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A46D9D67389393E0FECFF79E" box="[180,312,1462,1485]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Z. taiwanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Body hairs (about two OD long) mainly whitish, yellowish brown on mandibles. Hairs longer and denser on clypeus, lower side of mesopleura, outer half of posterior depression of propodeum and metasoma, except dorsal surface of T2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636E2A46D9D6738E09077FCA8F4F5" blockId="7.[151,1437,705,1990]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A46D9D6738E09077FEF3F469" bold="true" box="[199,260,1569,1594]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Male</emphasis>
(first reported here). Clypeus with apical notch narrower and shallower, about 1/6 as wide as clypeus. Mandible with three teeth, two basal teeth small, about the same size and close to each other. FXI slightly longer than FX, slender in shape with apex more pointed and coloured dark reddish brown as in other flagella. Propodeum with weak submedian carina and obscurely rugose lateral sides.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636E2A46D9D6738E090E7FB74F5F2" blockId="7.[151,1437,705,1990]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Genitalia (Figs. 22, 24, 27 &amp; 28): Ventral lobe of gonocoxite short and blunt, volsellar ridge broad and expanded basally with oblong basal lobe, ventral root of digitus shorter and triangular. Volsellar ridge adorned with six or seven small, dark and setigerous teeth at ventro-inner margin and a large protrusion (not shown here) close to basal lobe at baso-outer corner. Basal lobe of digitus broader in inner view with its ventral corner distinctly exceeds cuspis. In lateral view, aedeagus with ventral lobe of penile valve roundly shaped basally and basal apodeme smoothly curved; in ventral view, basal apodeme broad at basal 1/2 with its outer margin strongly curved almost at a right angle at basal 1/3. Basal plate of aedeagus equilaterally triangular with blunt apex.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636E2A46D9D6738E091FBFC2CF595" blockId="7.[151,1437,705,1990]" box="[199,987,1965,1990]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A46D9D6738E091FBFE14F595" bold="true" box="[199,483,1965,1990]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Measurements (in mm).</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD6BA46D9D6739CC91F8FDF7F596" box="[491,512,1966,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
BL 17.8, FWL 8.9,
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD6BA46D9D673AC391F8FD0EF596" box="[740,761,1966,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
BL 14.6, FWL 11.7
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF56666AA4629D6838B091F7FC15F585" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/998480/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="537" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1932]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8B9636E2A4629D6838B091F7FC15F585" blockId="8.[151,1436,1953,2006]" pageId="8" pageNumber="537">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4629D6838B091F7FEA2F5E4" bold="true" box="[151,341,1953,1975]" pageId="8" pageNumber="537">FIGURES 16–20.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D61A4629D68397B91F4FCB3F5E4" authority=", Ban Saleui, Hua Phan Prov." authorityName="Ban Saleui, Hua Phan Prov." box="[348,836,1953,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="537" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigerrimus">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4629D68397B91F4FDE2F5E4" box="[348,533,1954,1975]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="537">Zethus nigerrimus</emphasis>
, Ban Saleui, Hua Phan Prov.
</taxonomicName>
, Laos. 16, male clypeus; 17, female left tegula, dorsal; 18, female habitus, lateral; 19, apex of male antenna, ventral; 20, male antenna, lateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9636E2A4639D6938B0913AFA89F58E" blockId="9.[151,1436,1900,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4639D6938B0913AFEA1F5D1" bold="true" box="[151,342,1900,1922]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">FIGURES 21–28.</emphasis>
Male genital structures. 21, 23, 25 &amp; 26,
<taxonomicName id="4C294D61A4639D693B34913AFC7BF5D2" authorityName="Lu" authorityYear="2017" box="[787,908,1900,1921]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanus">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4639D693B34913AFC7BF5D2" box="[787,908,1900,1921]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">Z. taiwanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 22, 24, 27 &amp; 28,
<taxonomicName id="4C294D61A4639D693C73913AFB17F5D2" box="[1108,1248,1900,1921]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigerrimus">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4639D693C73913AFB17F5D2" box="[1108,1248,1900,1921]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">Z. nigerrimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 21 &amp; 22, genital capsule, ventral; 23 &amp; 24, left volsella, inner; 25 &amp; 27, aedeagus, ventral; 26 &amp; 28, aedeagus, lateral.
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4639D693C8891DCFB31F5F3" bold="true" box="[1199,1222,1930,1952]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">ae</emphasis>
, aedeagus.
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4639D693D1891DCFAAEF5F3" bold="true" box="[1343,1369,1930,1952]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">ap</emphasis>
, basal apodeme of ae.
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4639D69391191FFFEAFF5EC" bold="true" box="[310,344,1961,1983]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">crv</emphasis>
, volsellar ridge.
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4639D693A2591FFFDECF5EC" bold="true" box="[514,539,1961,1983]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">cu</emphasis>
, cupis.
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4639D693A4D91FFFD88F5EC" bold="true" box="[618,639,1961,1983]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">di</emphasis>
, digitus.
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4639D693AFA91FFFD01F5EC" bold="true" box="[733,758,1961,1983]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">go</emphasis>
, gonocoxite.
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4639D693BA791FFFC54F5EC" bold="true" box="[896,931,1961,1983]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">lbd</emphasis>
, basal lobe of di.
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4639D693C7191FFFB81F5EC" bold="true" box="[1110,1142,1961,1983]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">lbv</emphasis>
, basal lobe of crv.
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4639D693D1291FFFAAFF5EC" bold="true" box="[1333,1368,1961,1983]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">ldd</emphasis>
, distal lobe of di.
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4639D6939239191FED3F58E" bold="true" box="[260,292,1991,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">lvg</emphasis>
, ventral lobe of go.
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4639D6939D69191FDE7F58E" bold="true" box="[497,528,1991,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">lvv</emphasis>
, ventral lobe of penile valve.
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4639D693B199191FCADF58E" bold="true" box="[830,858,1991,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">pb</emphasis>
, basal plate of ae.
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4639D693C309191FBCAF58E" bold="true" box="[1047,1085,1991,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">rvd</emphasis>
, ventral root of di.
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4639D693D259191FAECF58E" bold="true" box="[1282,1307,1991,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">vo</emphasis>
, volsella.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336569A4609D6A38E096C1FC76F2AB" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9636E2A4609D6A38E096C1FC76F2AB" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,248]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4609D6A38E096C1FEC7F2E3" bold="true" box="[199,304,151,176]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Remark.</emphasis>
Gusenleitner reported
<taxonomicName id="4C294D61A4609D6A3A1E96CFFD23F2FC" box="[569,724,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigerrimus">
<emphasis id="B95DEAF0A4609D6A3A1E96CFFD23F2FC" box="[569,724,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Z. nigerrimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also from
<collectingCountry id="F33E7672A4609D6A3B7396C1FC4CF2E3" box="[852,955,151,176]" name="Malaysia" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(2007) and
<collectingCountry id="F33E7672A4609D6A3C6C96CEFB76F2FC" box="[1099,1153,152,175]" name="Laos" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Laos</collectingCountry>
(2012). However, direct inspection on the male collected from
<collectingRegion id="49EDF800A4609D6A3A6F96EAFD7FF286" box="[584,648,188,213]" country="Malaysia" name="Johor" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Johor</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33E7672A4609D6A3AB396EAFD0CF286" box="[660,763,188,213]" name="Malaysia" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
revealed that it belongs in fact to a different species, which has a much longer metasomal petiole and is probably undescribed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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