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<document id="C190621061944AEBA12961D10849F4FF" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.12996779" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12996779" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="luisschmitz" IM.tables_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1721870935690" checkinUser="luisschmitz" docAuthor="Gerry Cassis &amp; Loren Vanags" docDate="2006" docId="0380878FFF92FFB3FDD0FC63C118FDF4" docLanguage="en" docName="Denisia.19.275-398.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Denisia 19" docTitle="Odontotarsinae" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="321" masterDocId="FFB9FFF7FFBFFF9DFFC4FF8CC239FFED" masterDocTitle="Jewel Bugs of Australia (Insecta, Heteroptera, Scutelleridae)" masterLastPageNumber="398" masterPageNumber="275" pageNumber="320" updateTime="1725646846613" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="D977655CAC4AF3BDD319E39FA2FA7018" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="EC8CC83EA8750603EE8B7EDD6135DA4C">
<mods:title id="ABF5B86111AE2FCB751340A2E898269A">Jewel Bugs of Australia (Insecta, Heteroptera, Scutelleridae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="E982B9C2698933177C8B42BDE5CFF5BD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D2CEBA9EB12F7B254886956DD3BC0C5B">
<mods:roleTerm id="1B68C5A5596ECE2B348A992F4809A18F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9BF92D5D741D6302931B371A6B0599B4">Gerry Cassis</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="EABCCCCBF9E7654FC81DFB8D4D0B78D8" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F7BFA2BA87C6DE368F0114151FD83746">
<mods:roleTerm id="C5A99E3B4FC40A9C0FCC96DAF6902A0C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EE1CEC3A18DC63861FFB47069358E070">Loren Vanags</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="BED7773C11FE0023CEB03ED5F5C02EAE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="633D93ADEC97847725D1855AD1679D81" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="BBDF04462B2482D5DBF19B28D0941D40">
<mods:title id="3C289B70D0A511898D2776588AAA2AA0">Denisia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="645DBFC5A608595DF3373BAD62B88A5E">
<mods:date id="347B02F41AD40CED7FB33FCC168D6060">2006</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="42ADCBB65EAD0BE9ACEB80C0A2FBAE11" type="volume">
<mods:number id="F663CCA6B184F0AD54DBD54A4654330D">19</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="C749A310107DE9EE5F6D84ADD6354256" unit="page">
<mods:start id="45A3822255E40D4523B8D6FF52275DAE">275</mods:start>
<mods:end id="1FCA40059AC242E1EA23732998BE4FD6">398</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="4ECF73C428E405B4177A0D1A69280DB9">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="128D9419946176D8AB72FBE66762DDD8" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.12996779</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6B9F307EA3FAADFFE72DCCC7AD862478" type="Zenodo-Dep">12996779</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="0380878FFF92FFB3FDD0FC63C118FDF4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0380878FFF92FFB3FDD0FC63C118FDF4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0380878FFF92FFB3FDD0FC63C118FDF4" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="321" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">
<subSubSection id="C3336512FF92FFB0FDD0FC63C104FBEA" box="[532,829,1007,1031]" pageId="45" pageNumber="320" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B963699FF92FFB0FDD0FC63C104FBEA" blockId="45.[532,966,110,1917]" box="[532,829,1007,1031]" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">
Subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF92FFB0FD4FFC63C104FBEA" authority="(Dallas 1851)" box="[651,829,1007,1031]" class="Insecta" family="Scutelleridae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="320" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Odontotarsinae">Odontotarsinae</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336512FF92FFB0FDD0FB94C12FFA10" pageId="45" pageNumber="320" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B963699FF92FFB0FDD0FB94C12FFA10" blockId="45.[532,966,110,1917]" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">
Scutelleroides, Odontoscelidae
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B68FF92FFB0FCE8FB94C1FCFBC0" author="DALLAS W. S." box="[812,965,1048,1069]" journalOrPublisher="British Museum, London" pageId="45" pageNumber="320" pagination="1 - 368" refId="ref83529" refString="DALLAS W. S. (1851): List of specimens of Hemipterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. - British Museum, London: 1 - 368, pls I- XI." title="List of specimens of Hemipterous insects in the collection of the British Museum" type="book" year="1851">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF92FFB0FCE8FB94C149FBC6" baselines="1064,1063" box="[812,880,1048,1069]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Dallas" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">DALLAS</smallCapsWord>
1851: 54
</bibRefCitation>
(new family)
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF92FFB0FDD0FBDAC0A9FB86" baseAuthorityName="DAI &amp; ZHENG" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[532,656,1110,1131]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="320" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pentatomidae</taxonomicName>
, Scutellerina, Odontotarsaria
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B68FF92FFB0FC5CFBDAC058FB67" author="STAL C." journalOrPublisher="Akad. Forh." pageId="45" pageNumber="320" pagination="31 - 40" part="29" refId="ref89017" refString="STAL C. (1872): Genera Pentatomidarum Europae disposuit. Ofvers. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. - Akad. Forh. 29: 31 - 40." title="Genera Pentatomidarum Europae disposuit. Ofvers. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk" type="journal article" year="1872">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF92FFB0FC5CFBDAC1FCFB87" baselines="1126,1126" box="[920,965,1110,1131]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Stal" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">STÅL</smallCapsWord>
1872: 32
</bibRefCitation>
(new suprageneric taxon)
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF92FFB0FDD0FB18C0A9FB44" baseAuthorityName="DAI &amp; ZHENG" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[532,656,1172,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="320" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pentatomidae</taxonomicName>
, Scutellerinae, Odontotarsaria:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B68FF92FFB0FDD0FB3FC0DFFB25" author="SCHOUTEDEN H." bookContentInfo="5 pls." box="[532,742,1203,1224]" journalOrPublisher="Genera Insectorum" pageId="45" pageNumber="320" pagination="1 - 98" part="24" refId="ref87964" refString="SCHOUTEDEN H. (1904): Heteroptera. Fam. Pentatomidae. Subfam. Scutellerinae. - Genera Insectorum 24: 1 - 98, 5 pls." title="Heteroptera. Fam. Pentatomidae. Subfam. Scutellerinae" type="book chapter" year="1904">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF92FFB0FDD0FB3FC0BEFB2B" baselines="1219,1218" box="[532,647,1203,1224]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Schouteden" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">SCHOUTEDEN</smallCapsWord>
1904: 32
</bibRefCitation>
(synonymy of Eurygastraria 1872
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF92FFB0FDBEFB5EC09EFB0B" baselines="1250,1250" box="[634,679,1234,1255]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Stal" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">STÅL</smallCapsWord>
and Odontoscelaria
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B68FF92FFB0FC9BFB5EC186FB0A" author="STAL C." box="[863,959,1234,1255]" journalOrPublisher="Akad. Forh." pageId="45" pageNumber="320" pagination="31 - 40" part="29" refId="ref89017" refString="STAL C. (1872): Genera Pentatomidarum Europae disposuit. Ofvers. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. - Akad. Forh. 29: 31 - 40." title="Genera Pentatomidarum Europae disposuit. Ofvers. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk" type="journal article" year="1872">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF92FFB0FC9BFB5EC1B5FB0B" baselines="1250,1250" box="[863,908,1234,1255]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Stal" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">STÅL</smallCapsWord>
1872
</bibRefCitation>
)
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF92FFB0FDD0FB7DC0A9FAEB" baseAuthorityName="DAI &amp; ZHENG" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[532,656,1265,1286]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="320" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pentatomidae</taxonomicName>
, Scutellerinae, Odontotarsini:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B68FF92FFB0FDD0FA83C0FEFAC9" author="KIRKALDY G. W." box="[532,711,1295,1316]" journalOrPublisher="Felix Dames, Berlin" pageId="45" pageNumber="320" pagination="1 - 392" refId="ref86002" refString="KIRKALDY G. W. (1909): Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera) Vol. 1. Cimicidae. - Felix Dames, Berlin: xl, 1 - 392." title="Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera) Vol. 1. Cimicidae" type="book chapter" year="1909">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF92FFB0FDD0FA83C050FACE" baselines="1311,1311" box="[532,617,1295,1316]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Kirkaldy" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">KIRKALDY</smallCapsWord>
1909: 263
</bibRefCitation>
(catalogue)
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF92FFB0FDD0FAA2C0A9FAAE" baseAuthorityName="DAI &amp; ZHENG" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[532,656,1326,1347]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="320" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pentatomidae</taxonomicName>
, Scutellerinae, Eurygastrini, Odontotarsaria + Odontoscelaria:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B68FF92FFB0FCD9FAC1C1FCFA8F" author="LESTON D." box="[797,965,1357,1378]" journalOrPublisher="Publ. Cult. Ca. Diamante Angola" pageId="45" pageNumber="320" pagination="9 - 26" part="16" refId="ref86505" refString="LESTON D. (1952 d): Notes on the Ethiopian Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera): VIII. Scutelleridae LEACH of Angola, with remarks upon the male genitalia and classification of the subfamily. - Publ. Cult. Ca. Diamante Angola 16: 9 - 26." title="Notes on the Ethiopian Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera): VIII. Scutelleridae LEACH of Angola, with remarks upon the male genitalia and classification of the subfamily" type="journal article" year="1952">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF92FFB0FCD9FAC1C166FA8D" baselines="1373,1372" box="[797,863,1357,1378]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Leston" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">LESTON</smallCapsWord>
1952d: 13
</bibRefCitation>
(new suprageneric classification)
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF92FFB0FDD0FA07C0A9FA4D" baseAuthorityName="DAI &amp; ZHENG" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[532,656,1419,1440]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="320" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pentatomidae</taxonomicName>
, Odontoscelinae:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B68FF92FFB0FC98FA07C05AFA52" author="MCDONALD F. J. D." journalOrPublisher="Quaest. Entomol." pageId="45" pageNumber="320" pagination="7 - 150" part="2" refId="ref87143" refString="MCDONALD F. J. D. (1966): The genitalia of North American Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). - Quaest. Entomol. 2: 7 - 150." title="The genitalia of North American Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)" type="journal article" year="1966">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF92FFB0FC98FA07C142FA73" baselines="1435,1434" box="[860,891,1419,1440]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Mc" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF92FFB0FCBEFA07C1FCFA73" baselines="1435,1434" box="[890,965,1419,1440]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Donald" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">MCDONALD</smallCapsWord>
</smallCapsWord>
1966: 67
</bibRefCitation>
, 68 (new suprageneric classification)
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF92FFB0FDD0FA45C0B3FA33" box="[532,650,1481,1502]" class="Insecta" family="Scutelleridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Scutellerinae">Scutellerinae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF92FFB0FD58FA45C110FA33" box="[668,809,1481,1502]" class="Insecta" family="Scutelleridae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="320" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Odontotarsinae">Odontotarsinae</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B68FF92FFB0FCFFFA45C096FA10" author="MCDONALD F. J. D. &amp; G. CASSIS" journalOrPublisher="Aust. J. Zool." pageId="45" pageNumber="320" pagination="537 - 572" part="32" refId="ref87212" refString="MCDONALD F. J. D. &amp; G. CASSIS (1984): Revision of the Australian Scutelleridae LEACH (Hemiptera). - Aust. J. Zool. 32: 537 - 572." title="Revision of the Australian Scutelleridae LEACH (Hemiptera)" type="journal article" year="1984">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF92FFB0FCFFFA45C163FA31" baselines="1497,1496" box="[827,858,1481,1502]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Mc" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF92FFB0FC9EFA45C19DFA31" baselines="1497,1496" box="[858,932,1481,1502]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Donald" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">MCDONALD</smallCapsWord>
</smallCapsWord>
&amp;
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF92FFB0FDD0FA64C069FA16" baselines="1528,1527" box="[532,592,1512,1533]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Cassis" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">CASSIS</smallCapsWord>
1984: 547
</bibRefCitation>
(Australia)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336512FF92FFB0FDFEF99BC60AFA51" pageId="45" pageNumber="320" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B963699FF92FFB0FDFEF99BC60AFA51" blockId="45.[532,966,110,1917]" lastBlockId="45.[1000,1435,110,1917]" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">
Diagnosis: The
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF92FFB0FD32F99BC1A9F9C3" box="[758,912,1559,1582]" pageId="45" pageNumber="320" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Odontotarsinae">Odontotarsinae</taxonomicName>
are recognised by the following combination characters: small (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="13122A1CFF92FFB0FD30F9D6C10FF99C" box="[756,822,1626,1649]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="48.[1129,1165,1074,1093]" captionTargetBox="[622,1527,106,1209]" captionTargetId="figure-431@48.[619,1544,105,1218]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 11: Habitus of Morbora species (a) M. australis (b) M. hirtula (c) M. schoutedeni. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13713989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13713989/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">Figs 11</figureCitation>
a-c) to moderately-sized species; ovoid (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="13122A1CFF92FFB0FC94F9F7C1AFF97F" box="[848,918,1659,1682]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="48.[1129,1165,1074,1093]" captionTargetBox="[622,1527,106,1209]" captionTargetId="figure-431@48.[619,1544,105,1218]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 11: Habitus of Morbora species (a) M. australis (b) M. hirtula (c) M. schoutedeni. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13713989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13713989/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">Figs 11</figureCitation>
a-c), elongate-ovoid or elongate, rarely strongly tapered at terminalia; body strongly punctate; often with setigerous punctures, and sometimes with sericeous setae (Figs 13a-i), rarely with body extremely setose with elongate setae; mostly grey-brown to dark brown species (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="13122A1CFF92FFB0FD5CF8EAC0E5F890" box="[664,732,1894,1917]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="48.[1129,1165,1074,1093]" captionTargetBox="[622,1527,106,1209]" captionTargetId="figure-431@48.[619,1544,105,1218]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 11: Habitus of Morbora species (a) M. australis (b) M. hirtula (c) M. schoutedeni. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13713989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13713989/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">Figs 11</figureCitation>
a-c), sometimes strami-neous, and at times with paler stripes or spots, sometimes mottled, rarely black, occasionally with patterning on scutellum (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="13122A1CFF92FFB0FBE5FF5EC65BFF04" box="[1057,1122,210,233]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="48.[1129,1165,1074,1093]" captionTargetBox="[622,1527,106,1209]" captionTargetId="figure-431@48.[619,1544,105,1218]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 11: Habitus of Morbora species (a) M. australis (b) M. hirtula (c) M. schoutedeni. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13713989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13713989/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
a-c); larvae dull in colouration; pro- and mesothoracic sterna flat to weakly elevated, never keel-like, metasternum mostly flat, rarely a little raised; anterior margin of proepisternum weakly to moderately explanate; pronotum often subtrapezoidal, with anterolateral margins explanate, and anterior angles spinose, sometimes more rounded, with lateral margins evenly arcuate, rarely, with a medial notch, with anterior angles anteriorly projected, in front of posterior margin of eyes; external efferent system of metathoracic glands often greatly reduced, without peritreme, with prominent rounded ostiole, laterally orient-ed, evaporative areas often greatly reduced to absent, sometimes external efferent system more well developed, with short oval peritreme, elevated, bounded by moderate distribution of evaporative areas, also occurring on mesepimeron; sometimes males abdominal androconial glands present (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="13122A1CFF92FFB0FC2CFC3CC619FC2A" box="[1000,1056,944,967]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[1089,1125,1068,1087]" captionTargetBox="[151,1527,106,1050]" captionTargetId="figure-433@8.[151,1527,105,1050]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 2: Abdominal Sternal Glands of Scutelleridae (a-c) Coleotichus costatus (a) abdominal venter, sternal glands on SIV-SVI (b-c) higher magnification of sternal glands (d-f) Morbora schoutedeni (d) androconial glands on SIV-SVI (e) higher magnification of microsculpture medial to androconial glands (f) higher magnification of apex cuticular duct of glandular unit of androconial glands (g-i) Tectocoris diophthalmus (g) androconial glands on SIV-SVI (h) higher magnification of androconial glands on abdominal SVI (i) higher magnification of apex of cuticular ducts of glandular units of androconial glands. Abbreviations: Ag = Androconial glands; Cd = cuticular ducts; Sg = sternal glands. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13713963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13713963/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">Figs 2</figureCitation>
a-c, 12e); pregenital abdomen without stridulatory vittae; ventral surface of pygophore caudally (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="13122A1CFF92FFB0FB15FC7FC718FBE7" box="[1233,1313,1011,1034]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="49.[80,116,107,126]" captionTargetBox="[360,1436,106,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-347@49.[360,1438,105,1371]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="Fig. 12: Scanning electron micrographs of key characters of Morbora australis (a) Head, dorsal view (b) Head, lateral view (c) Head and thorax, ventral view (d) External efferent system of metathoracic glands, ventral view (e) male pygophore, ventral view (f) male pygophore, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Ag = androconial glands; Ea = evaporative areas; Pe = peritreme; P(r) = right paramere. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13713991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13713991/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">Fig. 12e</figureCitation>
) or ventrally oriented; parameres hook-shaped, often weakly (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="13122A1CFF92FFB0FBACFBBAC680FBA0" box="[1128,1209,1078,1101]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[60,96,107,126]" captionTargetBox="[270,1436,126,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-15@51.[269,1437,116,1920]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 14: Male genitalia of Morbora schoutedeni (a) pygophore, dorsal view (b) paramere, lateral view (c) aedeagus, lateral view (d) aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: C = crown of right paramere ; CAI = first conjunctival appendage; CAII = second conjunctival appendage ; CAIII = third conjunctival appendage; DS(D) = ductus seminis dorsalis ; DS(P) = ductus seminis proximalis; Er = ejaculatory reservoir; GO = genital opening; Pt = phallotheca; S = stem of paramere; V = vesica ; VCC = ventral conducting canal of ejaculatory apparatus; VM = ventral margin of genital opening." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13713997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13713997/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">Fig. 14b</figureCitation>
); ejaculatory apparatus weakly to moderately-developed, usually without prominent ventral conducting canal (not convoluted), ejaculatory reservoir usually small and oval (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="13122A1CFF92FFB0FAFEFB37C7B4FB3F" box="[1338,1421,1211,1234]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[60,96,107,126]" captionTargetBox="[270,1436,126,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-15@51.[269,1437,116,1920]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 14: Male genitalia of Morbora schoutedeni (a) pygophore, dorsal view (b) paramere, lateral view (c) aedeagus, lateral view (d) aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: C = crown of right paramere ; CAI = first conjunctival appendage; CAII = second conjunctival appendage ; CAIII = third conjunctival appendage; DS(D) = ductus seminis dorsalis ; DS(P) = ductus seminis proximalis; Er = ejaculatory reservoir; GO = genital opening; Pt = phallotheca; S = stem of paramere; V = vesica ; VCC = ventral conducting canal of ejaculatory apparatus; VM = ventral margin of genital opening." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13713997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13713997/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">Fig. 14c</figureCitation>
); CAI present or absent (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="13122A1CFF92FFB0FAC6FB51C76BFB19" box="[1282,1362,1245,1268]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[60,96,107,126]" captionTargetBox="[270,1436,126,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-15@51.[269,1437,116,1920]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 14: Male genitalia of Morbora schoutedeni (a) pygophore, dorsal view (b) paramere, lateral view (c) aedeagus, lateral view (d) aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: C = crown of right paramere ; CAI = first conjunctival appendage; CAII = second conjunctival appendage ; CAIII = third conjunctival appendage; DS(D) = ductus seminis dorsalis ; DS(P) = ductus seminis proximalis; Er = ejaculatory reservoir; GO = genital opening; Pt = phallotheca; S = stem of paramere; V = vesica ; VCC = ventral conducting canal of ejaculatory apparatus; VM = ventral margin of genital opening." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13713997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13713997/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">Fig. 14c</figureCitation>
); CAII unbranched or bifurcate (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="13122A1CFF92FFB0FAD9FB72C7B4FAF8" box="[1309,1421,1278,1301]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[60,96,107,126]" captionTargetBox="[270,1436,126,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-15@51.[269,1437,116,1920]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 14: Male genitalia of Morbora schoutedeni (a) pygophore, dorsal view (b) paramere, lateral view (c) aedeagus, lateral view (d) aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: C = crown of right paramere ; CAI = first conjunctival appendage; CAII = second conjunctival appendage ; CAIII = third conjunctival appendage; DS(D) = ductus seminis dorsalis ; DS(P) = ductus seminis proximalis; Er = ejaculatory reservoir; GO = genital opening; Pt = phallotheca; S = stem of paramere; V = vesica ; VCC = ventral conducting canal of ejaculatory apparatus; VM = ventral margin of genital opening." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13713997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13713997/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">Figs 14c, d</figureCitation>
), either sclerotized or membraneous with lobal sclerites; CAIII medially contiguous (
<figureCitation id="13122A1CFF92FFB0FAB7FACDC629FA94" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="48.[1129,1165,1074,1093]" captionTargetBox="[622,1527,106,1209]" captionTargetId="figure-431@48.[619,1544,105,1218]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 11: Habitus of Morbora species (a) M. australis (b) M. hirtula (c) M. schoutedeni. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13713989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13713989/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">Fig. 11d</figureCitation>
); spermathecal fecundation canal short; and, spermathecal reservoir oval to weakly dilated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336512FF92FFB3FBCAFA5AC118FDF4" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="321" pageId="45" pageNumber="320" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B963699FF92FFB3FBCAFA5AC372FCA4" blockId="45.[1000,1435,110,1917]" lastBlockId="46.[154,588,110,1917]" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="321" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">
Remarks:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B68FF92FFB0FBBDFA5AC6C7FA00" author="STAL C." box="[1145,1278,1494,1517]" journalOrPublisher="Akad. Forh." pageId="45" pageNumber="320" pagination="31 - 40" part="29" refId="ref89017" refString="STAL C. (1872): Genera Pentatomidarum Europae disposuit. Ofvers. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. - Akad. Forh. 29: 31 - 40." title="Genera Pentatomidarum Europae disposuit. Ofvers. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk" type="journal article" year="1872">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF92FFB0FBBDFA5AC692FA06" baselines="1511,1511" box="[1145,1195,1494,1517]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Stal" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">STÅL</smallCapsWord>
(1872)
</bibRefCitation>
described the
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF92FFB0FC2CFA7BC6BBF9E3" box="[1000,1154,1527,1550]" pageId="45" pageNumber="320" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Odontotarsinae">Odontotarsinae</taxonomicName>
(as Odontotarsaria) a tribe of the scutellerids, and redefined another tribe, as the Odontoscelaria, for a group of genera mostly from the Eastern Hemisphere. He separated these taxa primarily on the shape of the head (elongate versus semioval), the lateral margins of the pronotum, and degree of carination of the metathoracic sterna.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B68FF92FFB0FBFDF88EC735F8F4" author="SCHOUTEDEN H." bookContentInfo="5 pls." box="[1081,1292,1794,1817]" journalOrPublisher="Genera Insectorum" pageId="45" pageNumber="320" pagination="1 - 98" part="24" refId="ref87964" refString="SCHOUTEDEN H. (1904): Heteroptera. Fam. Pentatomidae. Subfam. Scutellerinae. - Genera Insectorum 24: 1 - 98, 5 pls." title="Heteroptera. Fam. Pentatomidae. Subfam. Scutellerinae" type="book chapter" year="1904">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF92FFB0FBFDF88EC683F8F5" baselines="1811,1812" box="[1081,1210,1794,1817]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Schouteden" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">SCHOUTEDEN</smallCapsWord>
(1904)
</bibRefCitation>
synonymised these two taxa and the Eurygastraria sensu
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF92FFB0FC2CF8C9C623F8B7" baselines="1878,1878" box="[1000,1050,1861,1884]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Stal" pageId="45" pageNumber="320">STÅL</smallCapsWord>
, and recognised the Odontotarsaria as the valid name, even though the Eurygastri-dae
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF91FFB3FF0EFFE2C32FFF69" baselines="127,128" box="[202,278,110,133]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Dallas" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">DALLAS</smallCapsWord>
and Odontoscelidae
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF91FFB3FE3BFFE2C072FF69" baselines="127,128" box="[511,587,110,133]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Dallas" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">DALLAS</smallCapsWord>
have priority. He recognised the tribe on the basis of absence characters, such as the absence of stridulatory vittae on the pregenital abdomen, the lack of a keel-like carination on the thoracic sterna, as well as characters of general application, such as the biconvex body.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B68FF91FFB3FF12FED6C3BBFE9C" author="KIRKALDY G. W." box="[214,386,346,369]" journalOrPublisher="Felix Dames, Berlin" pageId="46" pageNumber="321" pagination="1 - 392" refId="ref86002" refString="KIRKALDY G. W. (1909): Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera) Vol. 1. Cimicidae. - Felix Dames, Berlin: xl, 1 - 392." title="Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera) Vol. 1. Cimicidae" type="book chapter" year="1909">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF91FFB3FF12FED6C30FFE9D" baselines="363,364" box="[214,310,346,369]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Kirkaldy" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">KIRKALDY</smallCapsWord>
(1909)
</bibRefCitation>
followed
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B68FF91FFB3FE23FED6C336FE7F" author="SCHOUTEDEN H." bookContentInfo="5 pls." journalOrPublisher="Genera Insectorum" pageId="46" pageNumber="321" pagination="1 - 98" part="24" refId="ref87964" refString="SCHOUTEDEN H. (1904): Heteroptera. Fam. Pentatomidae. Subfam. Scutellerinae. - Genera Insectorum 24: 1 - 98, 5 pls." title="Heteroptera. Fam. Pentatomidae. Subfam. Scutellerinae" type="book chapter" year="1904">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF91FFB3FE23FED6C286FE7C" baselines="363,364,363,397" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Schouteden" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">
<subScript id="17AD34DCFF91FFB3FF5EFE0DC286FE7C" attach="left" box="[154,191,385,401]" fontSize="7" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">SCHOUTEDEN</subScript>
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(1904)
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, and grouped the three above-mentioned suprageneric taxa within the single tribe, and included the same taxa within it.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B68FF91FFB3FF7CFE6DC362FE15" author="LESTON D." box="[184,347,481,504]" journalOrPublisher="Publ. Cult. Ca. Diamante Angola" pageId="46" pageNumber="321" pagination="9 - 26" part="16" refId="ref86505" refString="LESTON D. (1952 d): Notes on the Ethiopian Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera): VIII. Scutelleridae LEACH of Angola, with remarks upon the male genitalia and classification of the subfamily. - Publ. Cult. Ca. Diamante Angola 16: 9 - 26." title="Notes on the Ethiopian Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera): VIII. Scutelleridae LEACH of Angola, with remarks upon the male genitalia and classification of the subfamily" type="journal article" year="1952">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF91FFB3FF7CFE6DC33BFE1A" baselines="498,499" box="[184,258,481,504]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Leston" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">LESTON</smallCapsWord>
(1952d)
</bibRefCitation>
reverted to the Stålian classification in part, by distinguishing these three groups as subtribes, within the tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF91FFB3FF5EFDCAC32AFDB0" box="[154,275,582,605]" pageId="46" pageNumber="321" rank="tribe" tribe="Eurygastrini">Eurygastrini</taxonomicName>
. He hypothesised that these taxa were clearly differentiated from both his
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF91FFB3FF7AFD05C308FD4D" box="[190,305,649,672]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scutellerini">Scutellerini</taxonomicName>
and Pachycorini on the basis of the male genitalia, suggesting that the Scutellerini-type was distinctive, and more derived from the pentatomid-type, the latter being more characteristic of pachycorines and eurygastrines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B963699FF91FFB3FF04FCEFC30BFA34" blockId="46.[154,588,110,1917]" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">
Modern Australian workers (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B68FF91FFB3FDCEFCEFC2F4FC71" author="GROSS G. F." journalOrPublisher="A. B. James, Adelaide" pageId="46" pageNumber="321" pagination="1 - 250" refId="ref84925" refString="GROSS G. F. (1975): Plant-feeding and other bugs (Hemiptera) of South Australia. Heteroptera - Part 1. A. B. James, Adelaide: 1 - 250, 3 colour pls." title="Plant-feeding and other bugs (Hemiptera) of South Australia. Heteroptera - Part 1" type="book chapter" year="1975">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF91FFB3FDCEFCEFC072FC94" baselines="884,885" box="[522,587,867,890]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Gross" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">GROSS</smallCapsWord>
1975
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B68FF91FFB3FF13FC09C3D5FC71" author="MCDONALD F. J. D. &amp; G. CASSIS" box="[215,492,901,924]" journalOrPublisher="Aust. J. Zool." pageId="46" pageNumber="321" pagination="537 - 572" part="32" refId="ref87212" refString="MCDONALD F. J. D. &amp; G. CASSIS (1984): Revision of the Australian Scutelleridae LEACH (Hemiptera). - Aust. J. Zool. 32: 537 - 572." title="Revision of the Australian Scutelleridae LEACH (Hemiptera)" type="journal article" year="1984">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF91FFB3FF13FC09C2C3FC76" baselines="918,919" box="[215,250,901,924]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Mc" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF91FFB3FF3EFC09C374FC76" baselines="918,919" box="[250,333,901,924]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Donald" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">MCDONALD</smallCapsWord>
</smallCapsWord>
&amp;
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1984
</bibRefCitation>
) have rejected this approach, mainly based on
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF91FFB3FDE4FC2AC2C8FC32" baselines="951,953,951,985,986,985" lowerCaseFontSize="10" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Mc-Donald'" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">MC-DONALD’</smallCapsWord>
s (1966) work on North American taxa, who regarded the eurygastrines as distinct from odontotarsines.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B68FF91FFB3FE64FB80C2E4FBA9" author="SCHUH R. T. &amp; J. A. SLATER" journalOrPublisher="Cornell University Press, Ithaca" pageId="46" pageNumber="321" pagination="1 - 336" refId="ref88208" refString="SCHUH R. T. &amp; J. A. SLATER (1995): True Bugs of the World (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Classification and Natural History. - Cornell University Press, Ithaca: xii + 1 - 336." title="True Bugs of the World (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Classification and Natural History" type="book chapter" year="1995">
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF91FFB3FE64FB80C3DCFBCF" baselines="1053,1054" box="[416,485,1036,1059]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Schuh" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">SCHUH</smallCapsWord>
&amp;
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF91FFB3FDC1FB80C072FBCF" baselines="1053,1054" box="[517,587,1036,1059]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Slater" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">SLATER</smallCapsWord>
(1995)
</bibRefCitation>
also separated these two taxa, on the basis of the less broad scutellum (and more exposed abdominal connexiva) and reduced hindwing intervannal vein in eurygastrines. We have not evaluated either of these characters, and uncritically support the separation of the taxa. It is noteworthy that many odontotarsines and pachycorines have a reduced metathoracic peritreme, or it is absent entirely, with a distinct, laterally oriented ostiole, however these taxa are separated on the absence of stridulatory vittae in odontotarsines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B963699FF91FFB3FF04FA7FC118FDF4" blockId="46.[154,588,110,1917]" lastBlockId="46.[622,1056,110,1917]" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">
The monophyly of the
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF91FFB3FE6FFA7FC07EF9E7" box="[427,583,1523,1546]" pageId="46" pageNumber="320" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Odontotarsinae">Odontotarsinae</taxonomicName>
, however, is contentious, and we know of no character that defines them exclusively. The above diagnosis is polythetic in format and the group is retained largely as a ‘convenience’ group. There are putative infra-subfamilial clades which are worthy of examination. A group of genera related to
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF91FFB3FDCAF953C2E3F8F5" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Odontoscelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="321" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEA8BFF91FFB3FDCAF953C2E3F8F5" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">Odon-toscelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including those taxa with male setose sternal glands (
<tableCitation id="C6AB0322FF91FFB3FE9EF8AFC39EF8D7" box="[346,423,1827,1850]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="15.[60,117,107,126]" captionTargetBox="[71,937,201,1271]" captionTargetId="graphics-512@15.[60,967,190,1279]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Table 3: Presence, extent and type of male androconial glands in Scutelleridae. ssg = setose sternal glands, ag = androconial glands. + = fused glandular patches; ++ = paired glandular patches." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF566611FFB0FF92FFF8FFE7C2CFFF5E" pageId="46" pageNumber="321" tableUuid="DF566611FFB0FF92FFF8FFE7C2CFFF5E">Table 3</tableCitation>
), and sometimes have rounded lateral margins of the Pronotum. This is largely a Palearctic group, but potentially includes the Australian genus
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF91FFB3FDABFF03C0F9FF4B" authorityName="Hirtula BERGROTH" authorityYear="1904" box="[623,704,143,166]" class="Insecta" family="Scutelleridae" genus="Morbora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="321" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEA8BFF91FFB3FDABFF03C0F9FF4B" box="[623,704,143,166]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">Morbora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see below for discussion). Another putative clade, is represented by a group including and potentially related to
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF91FFB3FC15FF5FC09CFEE6" class="Insecta" family="Scutelleridae" genus="Odontotarsus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="321" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEA8BFF91FFB3FC15FF5FC09CFEE6" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">Odonto-tarsus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g,
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF91FFB3FD25FF78C17BFEE6" box="[737,834,244,267]" class="Insecta" family="Scutelleridae" genus="Phimodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="321" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEA8BFF91FFB3FD25FF78C17BFEE6" box="[737,834,244,267]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">Phimodera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF91FFB3FC96FF78C1A3FEE6" box="[850,922,244,267]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xerobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="321" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEA8BFF91FFB3FC96FF78C1A3FEE6" box="[850,922,244,267]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">Xerobia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), which lack the male sternal glands, and sometimes have excavate anterolateral margins of the Pronotum. These ideas are reminiscent of
<smallCapsWord id="8D70A045FF91FFB3FDABFEF7C097FE7C" baselines="396,396,396,397" box="[623,686,379,402]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Stal's" pageId="46" pageNumber="321">STÅL’S</smallCapsWord>
Odontotarsaria and Odontoscelaria, and require explicit character testing. We retain the use of the
<taxonomicName id="4C294D1AFF91FFB3FC86FE32C1E5FE38" box="[834,988,446,469]" pageId="46" pageNumber="320" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Odontotarsinae">Odontotarsinae</taxonomicName>
in the broad sense in this work, acknowledging the above limitations.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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